MXPA06011126A - Liquid dispersion polymer compositions, their preparation and their use - Google Patents

Abstract

Liquid dispersion polymer compositions which comprises microparticles of a hydrophilic, water soluble or swellable polymer with a neutralization level of from about 25%to about 100%, preferably an acrylic-based polymer, dispersed in a suitable non-aqueous carrier fluid and an oil-in-water surfactant, are useful to prepare microparticulate thickening systems to thicken aqueous or aqueous/organic compositions, particularly for use in personal care and pharmaceutical formulations.

Description

POLYMERIC COMPOSITIONS OF LIQUID DISPERSION, ITS PREPARATION AND ITS EMPLOYMENT The present invention relates to liquid dispersion polymer compositions comprising a dispersed polymer phase, a continuous carrier phase and a surfactant, to their preparation and to the use of these liquid dispersion polymer compositions for preparing microparticle thickening systems, which they thicken aqueous or aqueous / organic compositions. More particularly, it relates to polymeric liquid dispersion compositions, which comprise microparticles of a water soluble or swellable polymer, hydrophilic, with a neutralization level of about 25 to about 100%, which are dispersed in a non-fluid carrier phase. aqueous, preferably an oil or emollient ester, and an oil-in-water surfactant, to its preparation and its use of these liquid dispersion polymer compositions for preparing microparticle thickening systems for thickening aqueous or aqueous / organic compositions, particularly for the use in pharmaceutical formulations and personal care.

Thickeners are widely used in personal care formulations, such as cosmetic and pharmaceutical formulations, to affect the application of aesthetic products and the suspension and delivery of active raw materials. Polymeric thickeners have been used for this purpose for many years. The types of polymeric thickeners that have been used vary from natural gums, such as guar gum, to modified natural materials, such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, to synthetic thickeners, such as Carbomeros®, based on polyacrylic acids. Saleare® and Tinovis® products are liquid dispersion polymers, available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, and are polymeric thickeners based on microparticulate acrylics. Saleare® is an anionic thickening agent based on a sodium acrylate polymer and a mineral oil carrier, with PPG-1 tridecet-6 as the activating surfactant. Saleare® SC92 is a conditioned cationic copolymer thickener, comprising polyquaternium 32 and mineral oil. Saleare® SC95 and Salcare®96 are thickeners of cationic homopolymers and conditioners. Saleare® SC95 comprises polyquaternium 37 in mineral oil with PPG-1 tridecet-6. Saleare® SC96 comprises polyquaternium 37 in propylene glycol dicaprylate dicaprate, with PPG-2 tridecet-6.

Saleare® AST is an anionic thickening agent based on a polymer of sodium acrylate in soybean oil with the PPHG-1 tridecet-6. The minute spherical microparticles of the above hydrophilic acrylic polymers, with anionic or cationic charge, have a typical particle size in the range of 0.1 to 2 microns, with an average particle size in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 miera. The polymeric microparticles are preferably manufactured by methods in which the water-soluble vinyl addition monomers are polymerized using a water-in-oil polymerization route. By stirring any of the above liquid dispersion polymers in an aqueous system, the surfactant activates the hydrophobic carrier in an oil-in-water emulsion. By the term "activating surfactant" is meant a surfactant which accelerates the conversion of the hydrophobic carrier into an oil-in-water emulsion. At the same time the hydrophilic polymer expands when exposed to water, but does not dissolve, resulting in a smooth and fast viscosity increase. Typically, the polymer particles swell to give a microparticulate thickener system, comprising polymer particles having a typical particle size in the range of 2.5 to 5 microns, in diameter. Since the water molecules move in the small polymer particles by osmosis, the osmotic effect experienced by the polymer particles is a balance between the water and any electrolyte present in the system. A) Yes, high electrolyte levels reduce the swelling of polymer particles. The microparticle thickener systems have a pseudoplastic rheological profile, which gives good stability and suspension characteristics at low cut-off regimes (such as those experienced by the product at rest) and low apparent viscosities at high cut-off rates, which correspond to excellent characteristics of rubbed. The level of neutralization is defined as: S of neutralized polymer sites x 100% S of neutralizable polymer sites The level of neutralization ranges from 0%, in which no neutralizable site of the polymer is neutralized, up to 100%, in which the neutralizable sites of the polymer are neutralized. The level of neutralization was measured by conventional acid-base titration to determine the percentages of converted neutralizable sites. In one aspect, the present invention provides a liquid dispersion polymer composition comprising a hydrophilic polymer, soluble or swellable in water, with a neutralization level of about 25% to about 100%, preferably about 30% a about 50%, more preferred from about 30% to about 34%, especially from about 30% to about 40%, a non-aqueous carrier phase and an oil-in-water surfactant. Preferably, the hydrophilic polymer, soluble or swellable in water, is used in the form of microparticles having an average size in the range of from about 0.1 to about 3 microns. Typically, the liquid dispersion polymer composition comprises: a) from 35 to 65% by weight of the polymer with a neutralization level of from about 25 to 50%, preferably from about 30 to 50%, most preferred of about 30% to around 45%, especially from around 30% to around 40%. b) from 20% to 50% by weight of a non-aqueous carrier and c) from 5% to 25% by weight of a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants, based on the total weight of the composition.

Advantageously, the hydrophilic polymer a) is swellable in water, ie, it is entangled sufficiently to swell, but not to dissolve in water. Preferably, it is based on acrylics. It is also, preferably, anionic. The non-aqueous carrier fluids mentioned in b) are well known in the cosmetics industry and have been used for many years in hair and skin formulations. They include silicone polymers, mineral oil, hydrogenated polydecene, isohexadecane esters, such as trimethylolpropane tricaprylate / tetracaprylate, C? 2-C? 5-alkyl benzoate, ethylhexyl stearate, capric-caprylic triglycerides, squalene, cocoate ethylhexyl, decyl oleate, decyl cocoate, ethyl oleate, isopropyl myristate, ethylhexyl perlagnate, tetracaprylate / pentaerythrityl tetracaprate, benzyl ether myristate of PPG-3, propylene glycol dicaprylate / dicaprate, ethylhexyl isoetherate, ethylhexyl palmitate and natural oils such as glycine-soybean, helianthus annus, simmondsia chinensis, carthamus tinctorius, cenothera biennis and rapae oleum raffinatum, as well as mixtures and derivatives of all these compounds. Preferably, the surfactant mixture c) comprises both surfactants useful in the manufacture of microparticles of a) inflatable polymers, and at least one surfactant, which serves as the activator for subsequent oil-in-water microparticle thickener emulsions. This activating surfactant for oil-in-water thickener emulsions comprises 1.0% to 10.0% by weight of the composition, preferably 2.0% to 8.0% by weight of the composition. Preferably, the activator-active agent is a non-ionic oil-in-water emulsifier, having an HLB balance generally greater than 7. Suitable emulsifiers of this type are well known to those skilled in the art. Ethoxylated alcohols are preferred. Additionally, the composition may contain minor amounts of other components, which either affect its essential characteristics. Typically, these other components can include up to about 3% by weight of each of the water and volatile organic solvents, as well as small amounts of other components, which leave the preparation of the polymers soluble or swellable with water. Advantageously, composition (A) comprises: a) from 40% to 60% by weight of the polymer with a neutralization level of from about 25% to about 50%, preferably from about 30% to about 50%, more Preferred around the % to about 45%, especially from about 30% to about 40%, in that the polymer is anionic and is swellable in water; b) from 25 to 45% by weight of a non-aqueous carrier fluid; and c) from 8% to 20% by weight of a tenactive agent or a mixture of surfactants, each based on the total weight of the composition.

A particularly preferred composition (B) comprises: a) from 45% to 58% by weight of the polymer with a neutralization level of from about 25% to about 50%, preferably from about 30% to about 50%, more preferred from about 30% to about 45%, especially from about 30% to about 40%, in that the polymer is anionic and is swellable in water; b) from 30% to 40% by weight of a non-aqueous carrier fluid; and c) from 10 to 18% by weight of a mixture of surfactants, each based on the total weight of the composition.

A composition (C) very particularly preferred comprises: a) from 45 to 58% by weight of the water swellable polymer with a neutralization level of from about 25% to about 50%, preferably from about 30% to about 50% %, more preferred from about 30% to about 45%, especially from about 30% to about 40%, in that the polymer is anionic; b) from 325 to 38% by weight of a non-aqueous carrier fluid; c) from 12% to 18% by weight of a mixture of surfactants; each based on the total weight of the composition.

Yet another aspect of the present invention is the provision of water-containing or water-containing compositions (D), thickened in particulate personal care formulations, which comprise: a) from 0.1% to 8% by weight, preferably from 1% to 6% by weight of a liquid dispersion polymer composition (A), (B) or (C), as described ab b) from 0.1 to 70%, preferably from 2% to 35% by weight of additional ingredients, for example personal care ingredients, such as cosmetic or pharmaceutical excipients and / or active ingredients; and c) from 45% to 99% water or a mixture of water and a water miscible organic solvent, such as a lower alcohol; each based on the total weight of the composition.

These lower alcohols include ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, propylene glycol, diisopropyl alcohol and other lower known alcohols. Yet another aspect of the present invention is the provision of liquid or solid, non-aqueous compositions, such as color cosmetics or soaps, where the polymer of the present invention provides some additional benefit, such as impr use properties. These compositions can be in the form of lotions, creams, ointments, gels, milks, sprays, foams or ointments. The additional ingredients can be any ingredient that can be part of the thick aqueous emulsion of the oil in water type. Non-limiting examples of cosmetic ingredients include antimicrobial products (such as triclosan or farnesol), skin conditioning agents and emollients, such as lanolin and its derivatives; esters, such as isopropyl propanoate, decyl oleate, isopropyl isostearate, trioctanoin, trisostearin, myristyl propionate; fatty alcohols; squalene; silicones, such as cyclomethicone, dimethicone, dimethicone-copolyol; acetamide monoethanolamine; dimethyl polysiloxane; humectants such as aloe vera, barrier creams, emollients, alpha and beta-hydroxy acids, such as lactic acid and glycolic acid; active anti-inflammatory products, such as allantoin and bisabolol; sunscreen agents of UV radiation, such as para-aminobenzoic acid, octyl salicylate and octyl methoxycinnamate, "sunless" tanning agents, bleaching agents, insect repellents, essential oils, such as oil patchouli, peppermint oil, rosemary oil, cinnamon oil, tea tree oil, orange and lemon oils, cedar oil and sandalwood oil, vitamins, colors and pigments, hair conditioners, such as amodimethicone, cyclomethicone , panthenol, lauramide diethanolamine, lauramine oxide and silk protein, components of perfumes; hair dyes and bleaches and preservatives, such as methylethyl-, propyl-paraben and imidazolidinyl-urea. The pharmaceutically active ingredients can vary widely and include all the therapeutic agents intended for topical application to the skin or hair, in particular substances to treat itching, itching, flaking, inflammation or infection of the skin, burns and hair loss in humans and other mammals. Yet another aspect of the present invention is the provision of a method for the preparation of a therapeutic lotion, cream, ointment, gel or ointment, comprising mixing 0.1 to 8% by weight, preferably 1% to 6% by weight of a liquid dispersion polymer, as described above, in an aqueous or aqueous / organic composition, which contains from 0.1 to 70% by weight of at least one therapeutic agent and / or an excipient. Yet another aspect of the present invention is the provision of a method for the topical treatment of the skin or hair, which comprises applying a composition, as defined above, to the skin, face, hair or scalp of a human or another mammal that needs such treatment. The type of treatment will depend on one or more active ingredients dissolved or suspended in the composition. For example, the composition may comprise facial creams, such as barrier creams, a moisturizer, lotion or milk, a cleansing or toning agent, a milk or lotion for the hands or body, a body spray, creams, lotions or milks that contain sun screens against UV-A and UV-B radiation, a sun-tanned "sun-free" cream, lotion or spray, a skin whitening cream, lotion or spray, an epilating cream, a cream hair conditioner, lotion or shampoo, a hair dye cream or lotion, a paddle before or after shaving, lotion, gel or balm, a disinfectant, lotion, ointment or gel, a cream that covers soot, lotion or sprayed, as an application after the sun for sunburn, etc.

Other aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and examples. The examples merely illustrate certain aspects of the invention and attempt to be limiting thereof. The water-swellable, water-swellable, hydrophilic acrylic based liquid dispersion compositions employed in the present invention are generally anionic in character. Said polymers with a neutralization level of about 25 to about 50% may be homopolymers or copolymers. They are formed of one or more monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, which are any of the water-soluble anionic monomers or of an anionic mixture predominantly of monomers, which may consist of a mixture of anionic monomers and a minor amount of non-ionic monomers. Polymers with a neutralization level of about 25% to about 50% can be conveniently obtained in the form of microparticles having an average particle size in the range of 0.1 to 2 microns, by the reverse phase emulsion polymerization of suitable monomers, in a hydrophobic liquid, ie a liquid having a sufficiently low miscibility with water and can be used as the non-aqueous phase in a reverse-faith polymerization. The liquid must be substantially without solvating effect for the polymer, or for the monomers from which it is formed, through the temperature range, at which the polymer will likely be synthesized (eg, from 15 to 100 ° C), since the solvation medium would be unsatisfactory for the reverse phase emulsion polymerization. Similarly, the monomer or monomer mixture must be water soluble to enable the reverse phase polymerization to be carried out. Suitable anionic monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and its alkali metal and ammonium salts, 2-acrylamido-3-methylpropanesulfonic acid and its salts, sodium styrene sulfonate and the like. Acrylic acid is the most preferred anionic monomer. Preferably, the carboxylic acid groups are between 20% and 80%, advantageously 30 to 45%, in the form of an alkali metal or ammonium salt, especially the sodium salt. Suitable nonionic monomers include acrylamide, methacrylamide, N, N-dialkylacrylamides, N-vinyl-pyrrolidone and water-soluble acrylic or methacrylic esters substituted with hydroxy.

If an anionic mixture is used, the amount of the anionic monomer is preferably greater than 60% by weight of the mixture, and usually it is at least 80% by weight of the mixture. Preferred anionic polymers are formed entirely of anionic monomers. Polymeric liquid dispersion compositions are advantageously crosslinked by incorporating a small amount of a suitable crosslinking agent, such as a polyfunctional vinyl addition monomer, into the polymerization mixture. Preferably, a water soluble entangling agent is used. Any of the ethylenically unsaturated, conventional entanglement agents, or polyethylenically unsaturated entanglement agents, which are soluble in the monomer or monomer mixture, can be used, which include materials that are di-, tri- or tetraethylenically unsaturated. Preferred are diethylene-unsaturated compounds, such as methylene-bis-acrylamide, di (meth) acrylamide, triallyl-ammonium-acrylate or vinyl-oxyethyl methacrylate salts, divinyl-benzene, tetra-allylammonium chloride, allyl acrylates and methacrylates.; diacrylates and dimethacrylates of glycols and polyglycols; butadiene, 1, 7-octadiene, allyl acrylamides and allyl-methacrylamides; bisacrylamidoacetic acid; N, N'-bisacrylamide and polyolyl ethers of polyol, such as polyallylsucrose and pentaerythritoltriallyl ether. More preferred crosslinking agents are tetra-allyl ammonium chloride; allyl acrylamides and allyl methacrylamides; bisacrylamidoacetic acid and N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide. The most preferred crosslinking agents are tetra-allyl ammonium chloride and N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide. It is also suitable to use mixtures of entanglement agents. The amount of the entanglement agent is generally in the range of 100 to 10,000 parts by weight of the interlacing agent in parts per million (dry weight) of the monomer. More preferably, it is from about 500 to 2000 ppm, especially from 500 to 900 ppm, for any of the cationic or anionic monomers. Optimal quantities can be determined by routine experimentation. The hydrophilic polymers are prepared by the reverse phase emulsion polymerization of the hydrophilic monomers, preferably one or more acrylate and / or methacrylate monomers, in a hydrophobic liquid phase.

The reverse phase emulsion polymerization of a well known technique, which is described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 4,628,078, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The continuous phase for the preparation of the liquid dispersion polymer compositions is provided, at least in part, by a non-aqueous carrier fluid. Since polymeric liquid dispersion compositions are intended primarily for cosmetic or pharmaceutical purposes, non-aqueous carrier fluids that are cosmetically and / or pharmaceutically acceptable and that are sufficiently hydrophobic to be useful as a continuous phase in reverse phase polymerization, they are preferably used as the continuous phase. Many of these materials are known and commercially available. Such non-aqueous carrier fluids include mineral oil, hydrogenated polydecene, natural oils that include soybean oil, squalene, emollient esters that include propylene glycol dicaprate-caprylate. The non-aqueous carrier fluid is a mineral oil. The amount of the hydrophobic liquid phase used in the polymerization is dictated primarily by the need to provide a satisfactory reverse phase emulsion medium. This will generally be at least about 0.5 part by weight of the non-aqueous carrier fluid per part by weight of the hydrophilic polymer (dry weight). In order to obtain the liquid dispersion polymer composition having larger amounts of the microparticles in the non-aqueous carrier fluid, for example from 1.2 to about 1.7 parts by weight of the hydrophilic polymer (dry weight) in the non-aqueous carrier fluid, As well as facilitating the process, it is convenient to use a volatile inert hydrophobic solvent. Suitable inert hydrophobic solvents include the hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons. A particularly preferred hydrocarbon mixture is Isopar G® (trademark of Exxon Mobil Corporation). Conveniently, 1 to 2 parts, preferably 1.3 to 1.9 parts of the volatile inert hydrophobic solvent by the hydrophilic polymer, on a dry weight basis, is employed. The polymer is prepared by conventional reverse phase emulsion processes, i.e. by adding 1 part by weight (dry weight) of at least one ethylenically unsaturated, aqueous monomer, optionally including a segregating agent and an ethylenically unsaturated crosslinking monomer, in about 1 to 3 parts by weight of the hydrophobic liquid, comprising at least part a, a non-aqueous carrier fluid and containing about 0.1 to 2 parts of at least one conventional water-in-oil emulsifier, having a HLB value below 9.0, and, optionally, 9.5 to 10.0 parts of a polymeric stabilizing surfactant, with intense agitation, to thereby form a stable emulsion of substantially a required fine particle size. Suitable water-in-oil emulsifiers are well known to those skilled in the art. Sorbitan esters are preferred. Diethylenetriamine-pentanacetic acid, in the form of sodium salt, is a suitable segregating agent. The ethylenically unsaturated monomer can be monoethylenically or polyethylenically unsaturated. The reaction medium is purged with nitrogen and the polymerization is initiated by the addition of a conventional source of free radicals. Suitable polymerization initiators are well known to those skilled in the art. Typical catalysts that form free radicals include the peroxygen compounds, such as sodium, potassium and ammonium persulfates, caprylic peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, pelargonyl peroxide, eumeno hydroperoxide, tertiary butyl diperphthalate, butyl perbenzoate tertiary, sodium peracetate, di (2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate, and the like, as well as azo catalysts, such as azodiisobutyronitrile. Other useful catalysts are the activated heavy metal catalyst systems. A preferred type of polymerization initiator is a redox initiation pair. After the initiation, the temperature and appropriate agitation conditions are maintained until the conversion of the monomer to the polymer is substantially complete. Appropriate conditions are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The water and any volatile solvent are then removed from the reverse phase emulsion, for example, by distillation under reduced pressure, to thereby produce a stable, substantially anhydrous dispersion of polymer particles less than 2 microns in size, dispersed in the non-aqueous continuous phase. Approximately 1.0% to 10.0% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, preferably 2% to 8% by weight of a non-ionic oil-in-water emulsifier, having an HLB generally above 7, is then added to complete the distillation. Suitable emulsifiers of this type are well known to those skilled in the art. Ethoxylated alcohols are preferred. The level of neutralization is adjusted by keeping the temperature of the monomer phase below 30 ° C and adding an alkali metal, which includes, but is not limited to, sodium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or bases containing nitrogen, which include, but are not limited to, ammonium hydroxide or simple amines, to the monomer phase, in order to neutralize the required molar ratio of the carboxylic sites measured by the conventional acid-base titration or by the known systems of pH measurement. It is a further feature of the invention that a suitable polymeric stabilizing surfactant agent be employed as an auxiliary to the process, to maintain the integrity of the emulsion through the distillation process and to provide the final liquid polymer dispersion to be a liquid flowing in. free form, even when it contains high levels of microparticles of dispersed, soluble or water-swellable polymer. Advantageously, 0.5 to 10.0 parts, preferably 1.0 to 6.0 parts of this polymeric surfactant are used per part by weight (dry weight) of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer. A preferred polymeric surfactant is a copolymer of an alkyl (meth) acrylate monomer and an amino functional monomer, which may be prepared as follows: The alkyl (meth) acrylate, amino functional monomer and a suitable, oil-soluble thermal initiator, for example 2,2'-azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile), are dissolved in an inert solvent, for example a hydrocarbon solvent. aliphatic or aromatic, such as Isopar G. This mixture is fed into a container containing another solvent and the thermal initiator, in a period of 2 to 6 hours at reaction temperatures of 80 to 90 ° C. The reaction is maintained at this temperature for another two hours, before cooling and draining. The alkyl group of the alkyl (meth) acrylate can be any suitable alkyl group, however the C8 to C22 groups are preferred. The amino functional monomer is of the general formula (1): (1) CH2 = CRC (= O) -X-B-N? ANR " wherein: R is hydrogen or C? -C alkyl; X is -O- or is -NH-; B is C? -C alkylene; R1 is hydrogen or Ci-Cio alkyl, and R2 is C? -C? O alkyl.

The ratio of functional monomers of (meth) alkyl acrylate: amino can be between 0.5 to 8. 0: 1, on a molar basis. Preferably between 0.75 a 6. 0"1, and more preferably between 1.0 to 4.0: 1, on a molar basis Molecular weight can be determined by conventional chromatography techniques, well known to those skilled in the art Typical molecular weights can be in the range of 10,000 at 60,000, more typically in the range of 15,000 to 40,000.When stirring the liquid dispersion in an aqueous system, the nonionic surfactant converts the hydrophobic carrier into an oil-in-water emulsion.At the same time, the hydrophilic polymer expands when exposed to water, which results in a smooth and rapid viscosity increase Typically, the polymer particles swell to give a microparticle thickener system, comprising polymer particles having a typical size in the range of 1.5 a .0 microns The liquid dispersion compositions of the invention provide microparticle thickening systems, which give an effective thickening to aqueous or aqueous / organic formulations, at concentrations of 0.1 to 8.0%. Preferably from 1% to 6% by weight. However, they also combine the thickening effect of the liquid dispersion polymer with the emollient and sensory effects delivered by the skilled selection of a suitable non-aqueous carrier fluid. The decrease in the neutralization level of an acrylic acid polymer of this type has been shown to increase the thickening efficiency of the microparticle thickening system in aqueous solutions. The increase in apparent viscosity is approximately linear as the level of neutralization is reduced from 100% to 30% neutralization. Below about 25% neutralization, as determined by the conventional acid-base titration, the solubility of the polyacrylic acid significantly reduces the effectiveness as a thickener and rheology modifier. The addition of ionic salts such as hate chloride is known to reduce the swelling capacity of the entangled microparticles, due to the osmotic effects, but it has been shown that the effect of the ionic species increases to neutralization levels below 30%, as measured by conventional acid-base titration. Therefore, there is an advantage in selecting a level of neutralization between 30% and 40% to provide more effective thickening in aqueous systems, oil / water emulsion and in systems containing low levels of ionic species, which include , but are not limited to, inorganic salts, botanical extracts, proteins and similar species. The liquid dispersion polymer compositions are compatible with a wide variety of active ingredients and personal care aids. Examples of typical formulations where the polymers can be used include: personal care formulations comprising all kinds of emulsions for the face and body, such as creams, lotions, milks and sprays, for care, cleaning, deodorization and depilation, colored cosmetics, such as liquid foundations, liquid eye shadows, liquid flushes, lipstick and water-based masks; facial masks;, lip balms, skin care formulations, such as body washes, all kinds of shaving products, hand soaps, soap bars and liquid soaps. Hair care formulations, including hair conditioners, hair colorations (permanent, semi-permanent and temporary), style gels, lotions and creams, shampoos, hair straighteners, permanent hair and hair masks .

Formulations for sun tanning, such as sun tanning creams, lotions and sprays, sun blocks, tanning accelerators, after-sun creams, lotions and sprays and tanning lotions or creams without exposure to the sun Sun. The examples of the following formulations merely illustrate a few aspects representative of the possibilities of formulations and do not attempt to be limiting in any way. All percentages are by weight of the formulation. The viscosities were determined with a Brookfield RVT viscometer.

Example 1 - EXAMPLE OF SYNTHESIS An "aqueous" phase of water-soluble components was prepared by mixing together the following components: 33. 65 parts of acrylic acid monomer (100% concentration); 0.15 parts of a 40% solution of pentasodium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid 49.79 parts of water; 1.50 parts of methylene-bis-acrylamide (0.5% in water) 14.91 parts of sodium hydroxide (concentration of 47%) (during the addition of sodium hydroxide the temperature was maintained at less than 30 ° C) An "oil phase "was prepared by mixing together the following components: 3.99 parts of sorbitan trioleate 4.66 parts of polymeric stabilizer (100% concentration) 31.16 parts of mineral white oil 60.19 parts of a dearomatized high purity hydrocarbon solvent (such as Isopar G).

The two phases were mixed together in a ratio of 0.751 parts of the oil phase to 1.0 part of the water phase under high cut, to form a water-in-oil emulsion. The resulting water-in-oil emulsion was transferred to a reactor equipped with a nitrogen spray tube, stirrer and thermometer. The emulsion was purged with nitrogen to remove the oxygen. The polymerization was carried out by the addition of a redox couple of sodium metabisulfite of tertiary butyl hydroperoxide. After the exothermic reaction was complete and the free monomer had been reduced by the use of the thermal initiator, vacuum distillation was carried out to remove the water and volatile solvent and provide about 53.5% solids of the final polymer. To this an addition of 0.125 parts of fatty alcohol ethoxylate was made. The level of neutralization was adjusted to a value between 30 and 40%.

Example 2: The comparison of thickening efficiency at different levels of neutralization. In the following table, the thickening efficiency of the polymers of the present invention, prepared in a range of neutralization levels has been compared in aqueous solutions and in a diluted ionic solution.

(Measured by a Brookfield RVT Viscometer Axis 6) Example 3: Depilatory Cream This formulation allows the formulation of epilating creams based on sodium thioglycolate. By adjusting the amount of the thickener used you can change the product of a "roll on" lotion to a viscous cream.

Ingredients Ingredients (name Commercial Quantity and Spouts) (% by weight) 1 Polymer of Example 1 0 - 8.0 Liquid paraffin Kristol M14 5.0 (Carless) Glycerin Glycerol 2.0 Phenoxyethanol (and) Phenonip 0.20 Methylparaben (y) (Clariant) Ethylparaben (and) Isobutylparaben (y) ropilparaben Perfume Fragrance 0.7 Petrolato Vaseline 2.0 (Richardson-Vicks) Thioglycolic acid 3.0 8 Water up to 100 Additionally, sodium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH value in the range of 12 to 13.

Method: 1 Weigh (6) in a laboratory cuvette and heat to 40 ° C; 2 Weigh all the ingredients, except (1) in a separate bucket and mix well; 3 Add (6) with shaking; 4 Adjust the pH of the mixture between 12 and 13, with sodium hydroxide, stirring continuously; 5 Add the required amount of (1) with moderate agitation, continuing the agitation until uniformity 6 Adjust the pH between 12 and 13 with the addition, in drops, of sodium hydroxide, if required.

Typical Properties: Smooth cream appearance with low to high viscosity Viscosity; 9000 - 45000 cPs. pH: 112-13.

Example 4: Facial humidifier This formulation contains a combination of light emollients, squalane and silicones, to provide good rubbing characteristics and an excellent touch. The presence of the sun screen provides a low level of sun protection for daily use. The polymer was included as a thickener and emulsified for the oil phase and allows emulsification of the cold process. In addition, the phase of the mineral oil carrier will provide additional humidification properties.

Method: Weigh all the ingredients except (2) in a clean, dry laboratory cuvette Start the agitation and add (2) Continue stirring until a viscous and homogeneous mass Typical Properties Appearance: smooth viscous cream Viscosity 25000 - 35000 cPs pH: 5 - 6 Example 5: Body humidifier (cream) This formulation is based on a traditional cream containing alcohols and fatty esters. The polymer provides emulsification at low levels of incorporation and improves the stability of the external phase.

Weigh the ingredients (1) (7) and (8) into a clean, dry laboratory dish and heat to 80 ° C; Weigh the ingredients (3) - (6) in a separate bucket, clean and dry and heat to 80 ° C Add the oil phase to the water phase, with good agitation and start cooling; Add the ingredient (a) to < 50 ° C, the ingredients (9) and (10) a < 30 ° C; Continue shaking until a viscous and homogeneous mass is obtained.

Physical Properties: Appearance: smooth viscous cream Viscosity: 35000 - 45000 cPs pH: 5 - 6 Example 6: Lotion / row for application after exposure to the sun Ingredients Ingredients (names Quantity (% in commercial and dispensers) weight) Water up to 100 Prunus DUlcis Sweet Almond Oil 4.50 (AE Connock) Actiphyte Nut Extract Kola Nut 5.00 Cola (Active Organics) Aloe Barbadenis Aloe Vera (Active 2.00 Organics) Polymer 3.25 Example 1 Water and Panthenol and Tinoderm (Ciba 1.25 Caprilic / capric Specialty Triglyceride and Chemicals) polysorbate 80 and lecithin Phenoxyethanol and Nipaguard BPX (Nipa 0.20 Methyl and Laboratories) Propylparaben and 2-bromo-2-nitropropane -1,3-diol- Method: Add 1 to the cuvette, start stirring, then add 2, 3 , 4, 6 and 7, mix well. Then increase the agitator speed, add 5 slowly, continue stirring slowly for about 5 to 10 minutes until a viscous and homogeneous mass is obtained.

Typical Properties: Appearance: lotion that can flow Viscosity: 5,000 - 8,000 xPs pH: 5.0 - 6.5 Example 7: Silicone spray conditioner: This is a lightweight conditioner, suitable for daily use and contains silicones and light moisturizers. The polymer assists in the incorporation of the fragrance into a largely aqueous formulation, as well as providing viscosity and good application characteristics.

Method: Weigh all ingredients, except (2) in a clean, dry laboratory bucket Start stirring and add (2) Continue shaking until a homogeneous mass is obtained. Typical Properties Appearance: sprayable lotion Viscosity: 2500 - 5000 cPs pH: 5.0 -

Claims (12)

1. CLAIMS 1. A liquid dispersion polymer composition, comprising a hydrophilic polymer, soluble or swellable in water, with a neutralization level of about 25% to about 100%, a non-aqueous carrier phase and an oil surfactant in Water.
2. 2. A liquid dispersion, according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic polymer, soluble or swellable with water, has a neutralization level of about 30% to about 50%.
3. 3. A liquid dispersion, according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic polymer, soluble or swellable with water has a neutralization level of about 30% at about Four. Five%.
4. 4. A liquid dispersion, according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic polymer, soluble or swellable with water has a neutralization level of about 30% to about 40%.
5. 5. the hydrophilic, water-soluble or water-swellable polymer is used in the form of microparticles, having an average particle size in the range of about 0.1 to about 2 microns.
6. 6. A liquid dispersion according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising: a) from 35% to 65% by weight of the hydrophilic polymer soluble or swellable with water; b) from 20% to 50% by weight of a non-aqueous carrier; and c) from 5 to 25% by weight of a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants; each based on the total weight of the composition.
7. 7. A liquid dispersion, according to claim 6, comprising: a) from 40% to 60% by weight of the hydrophilic polymer soluble or swellable with water; b) from 25% to 45% by weight of a non-aqueous carrier; and c) from 8 to 20% by weight of a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants; each based on the total weight of the composition.
8. 8. A liquid dispersion, according to any of claims 1 to 7, in which the hydrophilic polymer, soluble or swellable with water, is obtained by the polymerization of at least one monomer from the group consisting of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid (and its salts), 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid, sodium styrene sulfonate, acrylamide and methacrylamide and N, N-dialkylacrylamides.
9. 9. A liquid dispersion, according to any of claims 1 to 7, in which the hydrophilic polymer, soluble or swellable with water, is obtained by the polymerization of at least one monomer from the group consisting of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid (and its salts), 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid and sodium styrene sulfonate;
10. 10. A liquid dispersion, according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the level of neutralization has been selected to optimize the efficiency of thickening of the system in aqueous systems, non-aqueous oil / water systems and formulations containing ionic species.
11. 11. A formulation for personal care, which comprises: a) from 0.1 to 7% by weight, preferably from 1% to 6% by weight of a liquid dispersion polymer composition, according to claims 6 or 7; b) from 0.1% to 70%, preferably from 2% to 35% by weight of additional ingredients, for example personal care ingredients, such as cosmetic or pharmaceutical excipients and / or active ingredients; and c) from 45% to 99% water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent miscible with water, such as a lower alcohol; each based on the total weight of the composition.
12. 12. A method for the preparation of a therapeutic lotion, cream, ointment, gel or ointment, this method comprises mixing the

    0. 1 to 8% by weight, preferably 1% to 6% by weight of a liquid dispersion polymer, according to claims 1 to 3, in an aqueous or aqueous / organic composition, which contains from 0.1% to 70% by weight of at least one therapeutic agent and / or an excipient.