MXPA06010328A - Rotor for generating vortex water flow, and filtering apparatus employing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a rotor for generating vortex water flow that creates shear intensity for removing solid material adhered to the separation membranes during the processing of water containing pollutant material, and a filtering apparatus employing the same. The rotor consists of a first rotor having first blades and a second rotor having second blades. The first and the second blades are extended in a radial direction from a rotational axis thereof, and are disposed at positions different from each other in the rotational axis direction. The first blades and the second blades have widths different from each other in a circumferential direction around the rotational axis, or disposed at positions different from each other in a circumferential direction. Protrusions can be attached on outer surfaces of the first blades and/or second blades. The pollutant material adhered to the separation membrane can be removed effectively since various types of vortex water flow are generated over wide range, and the energy loss of the filtering apparatus is reduced.

Description

SE, SI, SK, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, For two-letler codes and other abbreviations, refer to the "Guid- GQ, GW, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG.) Anee Notes on Codes and Abbreviations "appearing at the beginning of the regular issue of the PCT Gazeíie. Published: - wilh in rnalional search report ROTOR THAT GENERATES A VORTICIA FLOW OF WATER AND FILTERING DEVICE THAT USES IT FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rotor that generates a vortex flow of water and to a filtering apparatus that uses it and, more particularly, to a filtering device with a separation membrane that retains contaminants from water Containing polluting material to produce clean and purified water, and with a rotor that generates a vortex flow of water used in it.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The filtering apparatus for purifying water by filtering the contaminant contained in contaminated water is generally equipped with a porous membrane through which contaminated water passes. The contaminated water pollutant is filtered in the porous membrane, whereby the water that passes through the porous membrane is discharged as clean water. The most difficult problem to overcome in a liquid-solid separation technique of this type using a porous membrane is the abrupt decrease in the liquid (or gas) -solid separation capacity of the separation membrane according to the size of the pores that are the passage for the filtered liquid is reduced or the pores are blocked with the solid material adhered to the surface of the separation membrane or on the inner surface of the pores during the separation process. In previous decades, a variety of methods have been proposed to solve this problem. U.S. Pat. No. 3,437,208, "Apparatus for Dynamic Filtration for Liquids" (Apparatus for the dynamic filtration of liquids), has proposed a structure with discs of rotary type (or of fixed type) that have vanes arranged between stacked separation membranes of fixed type ( or rotary type) and which are rotated, thus avoiding the decrease in the intensity of the shear stress in the separation membranes by generating a cutting force that gives off the contaminant adhered to the surface of the separation membranes. U.S. Pat. No. 4,036,759 (Apparatus and system for stabilizing the disk element of a rotating concentrator of fluids containing solids), describes the structure of a shoe that is mounted on the rotating part, that is, on the outer circumferential surface of the Rotating type disc support plate or rotating type separation membrane, for rotating through the guide cavity of a housing. According to a construction of this type, the problem that arises in the structure is that the rotating (or fixed type) discs are placed between the stacked separation membranes of the fixed (or rotary type) type, as in U.S. Pat. 3,437,208, that is to say, deformation and displacement in the direction of the disk axis due to the pressure difference between the two disk surfaces are avoided and, therefore, the stability of the system increases. U.S. Pat. No. 5,275,725, "Fiat separation membrane leaf and rotary separation apparatus containing fíat membranes" (Flat separation membrane sheet and rotating separation apparatus containing flat membranes), discloses that the structure of fixed type partitions made with flexible material are located between the stacked separation membrane units of rotary type to avoid the deformation due to the pressure difference and the rupture of the separation membranes caused by said difference. U.S. Pat. No. 5,415,781, "Dynamic filter separator and separation device" and U.S. Patent No. 5,415,781. No. 5, 679,245, "Dynamic filter system", present the structure of a separation apparatus having fixed type separation membranes and rotating type discs having blades. In these conventional filtering apparatuses, as mentioned above, the disks are located between the separation membranes in order to reduce the adhesion of the solid material on the surface of the membranes by means of the generation of a high speed of shear stress on the surface of the separation membranes thanks to the relative movement between the separation membranes and the discs. However, the cutting speed or shear stress at the surface of the membrane due to relative movement decreases significantly as the distance between the separation membrane and the disk increases. If the distance between the separation membrane and the disc is reduced to increase the speed of the shearing stress, the separation membrane and the disc could come into contact due to the difference in pressure between the two sides of the disc and cause damage to the membrane , so that to avoid this problem precise treatment and exact assembly is needed, which could cause an increase in manufacturing costs. In addition, there is a decrease in pressure as the fluid flows through the long passage formed by the stacked structure of the separation membrane-disc-separation membrane type and the fluid has to be supplied at a higher pressure to maintain adequate filtering pressure and avoid the decrease in performance by offsetting this reduction in pressure. However, this causes the increase in the costs of impulsion and administration, which deteriorate the economic performance of the system. U.S. Pat. No. 6,165,365, "Shear localized filtration system" and the US Pat. No. 6,416,666, "Simplified filtration system", describes the technique that centrifugal force and rotational force are applied to the fluid and viscosity of the fluid by rotating the stacked separation membranes. Accordingly, by causing the movement of the fluid between the separation membranes, the adhesion of the solid material on the surface of the membranes is reduced. Additionally, between the separation membranes there are four to sixteen fixed type rays, the optimal number is eight, placed in radial form, which distribute the pressure uniformly and increase the speed of the fluid between the rays and the membranes to increase the intensity of the shear stress, thus avoiding the adhesion of the solid material. The above patent discloses that the rays promote the phenomenon of turbulent flow on the surface of the membranes. However, it is considered that the effect of inducing turbulent flow is very small, since the flow in the circumferential direction and in the radial direction is a laminar flow. Therefore, the rays of the previous patent only have the effect that in the filter package a uniform pressure distribution is obtained and the adhesion of the solid material is minimized due to the change in the velocity of the fluid on the surface of the membrane by the volume change in the space of the separation membrane. As mentioned above, to minimize the adhesion of the solid material to the surface of the separation membranes, the best method is to increase the speed of the shear stress by strengthening the flow around the separation membranes. However, the increase in the shear velocity of the fluid at the surface of the membranes due only to the change in the velocity of the fluid by the relative movement of the membrane-type separation-disk-separation membrane or separating membrane type construction -rayo-separation membrane of conventional technique, proposed for that purpose, is limited. SE 451429 and SE 459475 describe a separation apparatus having a separation membrane-rotor-separation membrane type construction that is different from the previous membrane-type construction S2-393 separation - disk - separation membrane or separation membrane type - lightning - separation membrane. In these patents, the rotor is not disk-shaped, but bar-shaped, so that rotation of the rotor causes not only a cutting flow but also a turbulent flow between the separation membranes. It produces a low loss of pressure because the passage between the membranes is narrow compared to the system having a disc-type rotor and, in addition, the rod-shaped rotor proposed in these patents has a great influence on preventing the adhesion of solid material However, the effect is not sufficient, so that the regeneration process of the separation membranes has to be carried out regularly. According to SE 451429 mentioned above, the process of regeneration of the separation membranes is the process in which a mechanical element, such as a brush or a valve, is connected to the rotor blade and the material adhered to the rotor. The surface of the separation membrane is eliminated by rotating it, which has the disadvantage that the porous coating of the surface of the separation membrane is also eliminated during this process. To compensate for this drawback, the surface of the membrane is newly coated, however, this mechanical process of regeneration of the separation membrane can not maintain the necessary size of the pores as desired and the separation membrane has to be replaced by a new one when it is no longer easy to regenerate it. The document SE 459475 mentioned above proposes the method of increasing the capacity by stacking filter units. U.S. Pat. No. 6,027,656 proposes a separation device that does not need the mechanical regeneration process, since a stronger turbulent flow is induced between the membranes, where the shape of the rotor is a modification of the rod-shaped rotor. However, it is not expected that the turbulent flow has greater force, since the rotor used is only formed by two blades. In addition, the rotor speed is only one factor in controlling the magnitude of the turbulent flow in accordance with the type or state of the fluid to be processed, so that it is very difficult to separate different types of liquids of various characteristics. To compensate for this drawback, the aforementioned patent has proposed a method for providing an ultrasonic or electric field generating apparatus next to the rotors having various cross-sectional shapes. As described thus far, the most effective method to avoid the most significant problem, the adhesion of foreign substances on the surface of the membranes of a liquid-liquid or liquid-solid separation apparatus using separation membranes, is to achieve the shear stress on the surface of the membranes is as great as possible. For which, it is necessary to generate a turbulent flow, however, the method that has been proposed so far can only generate a turbulent flow within a limited range. In particular, the unit of U.S. Pat. No. 6,027,653, which is expected to induce a turbulent flow stronger than that of the filtering unit with a rotating type separation membrane construction of the fixed type of the patent 6,165,365 or that of the filter unit with a membrane type construction separation - disk - separation membrane, uses the rotor that only has two blades, so that the turbulent flow is generated locally and the rotation speed has to be higher for the turbulent flow stronger. Additionally, while fluids with different density characteristics, viscosity, etc., need turbulent flows of different intensity, the turbulent flow of the desired magnitude can only be obtained by changing the rotational speed of the rotor, since the shape of the rotor is fixed. Therefore, the rotational speed must be greater to generate a stronger turbulent flow in a fluid of higher density and viscosity, which will cause an increase in both the necessary driving energy and in the energy losses.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has been proposed to the present invention to overcome the above problems and the object of the present invention is to provide a rotor for generating a vortex flow of water and a filter apparatus with a rotating type separation membrane using said rotor , which can generate a vortex flow of water that has sufficient cutting intensity with respect to the separation membrane with a low impulse energy and that can also generate an optimized turbulent flow (especially a vortex flow of water) It is suitable for the process of separating a fluid with different characteristics. To achieve the objects described above, the present invention presents a rotor that generates a vortex flow of water, the rotor comprises: a plurality of first blades extended in radial direction from the axis of rotation thereof and a plurality of second blades extended in the direction radial from the axis of rotation, which are arranged in different positions to the positions of the first blades in the direction of the axis 52-393 rotation. According to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first blades and the second blades have different widths in the circumferential direction relative to the axis of rotation relative to each other and both the first blades and the second blades are arranged in such a way that they overlap each other. According to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first blades and the second blades are arranged with each other at different positions in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation and both the first blades and the second blades are partially overlapped between each other. yes. According to the third preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first blades and the second blades are arranged with each other at different positions in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation and both the first blades and the second blades are separated from each other in the circumferential direction. In such a situation, the first vanes and the second vanes are arranged so that they are equidistantly spaced from one another in the circumferential direction. In accordance with the fourth preferred embodiment of the present invention, on the external surface of the 52-393 first blades and / or of the second blades is joined at least one protrusion. The shape of the protuberance is such that its width is variable in circumferential direction and, for example, the shape of the protrusion is such that its width is aerodynamic in circumferential direction, furthermore, the shape of the protrusion is such that its posterior shape is curved backwards in circumferential direction or has a horizontal cross section whose shape is practically circular. It is preferred that the plurality of protuberances be joined, respectively, between the first blades and the second blades and that the size of the protuberances gradually increase in the radial direction. Meanwhile, the first blades and the second blades have the same width in the circumferential direction with each other and both the first blades and the second blades are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. According to the fifth preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first blades and the second blades are arranged in such a way that at least a part of them is overlapped in the direction of the axis of rotation and are arranged so that they are separated each other in the direction of the axis of rotation and between the first blades and the second blades 52-393 there is at least one bulge. Meanwhile, the rotor according to the present invention contains: a first ring whose formation is integral with the first blades and is arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation; and a second ring whose formation is integral with the second blades and is arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation. Here, the first and second rings have radii different from each other. Therefore, the form of progressive increase of the end formed by the first and second rings is supported by a guide, so that the rotor is not in contact with the separation membrane of the filtering apparatus. The first rotor, which is equipped with the first blades, and the second rotor, which is equipped with the second blades, can be manufactured integrally in a single body or can be manufactured as if they were separate elements and, subsequently, joined together. Meanwhile, the filtering apparatus according to the present invention contains: a drum having a water inlet port, a processed water discharge port and a condensed water discharge port; in the drum is disposed at least one rotor, which has the construction described in any of claims 1 to 25 and at least one of the filter trays is arranged 52-393 alternately together with the drum rotors. The filter tray is fixed in the drum and at least has a water passage port, thus formed to penetrate a plane thereof. Drum water can flow evenly into the drum through the water passage port. The filter tray includes a disc-shaped support plate, a drainage cloth attached to the two surfaces of the support plate and a separation membrane attached to the external surface of the drainage cloth; The drainage cloth and the separation membrane are adhered to the support plate by thermosetting adhesive. Thus, the manufacturing process is simplified. In accordance with the present invention, the contaminating material adhered to the separation membrane can be effectively removed by generating several types of vortex water flow over a wide range. Therefore, there is an increase in the efficiency of the filtering apparatus to process the contaminated water, as well as a reduction in the energy loss of the filtering apparatus. Furthermore, with a low energy, a vortex flow of sufficient water can be generated even for a fluid with different characteristics, such as density or viscosity. 52-393 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the filtration apparatus with rotating type separation membranes, in accordance with the present invention. Figure 2 is a view showing the filtering unit of Figure 1. Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of the filter tray of Figure 2. Figure 4 is a perspective view of a rotor that generates a vortex water flow according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a sectional view along line II of Figure 4. Figure 6 is an enlarged view of part A of Figure 1 including the cross section along the line I '-I 'of Figure 4. Figure 7 is a view showing the vortex flow of water generated by the operation of the rotor shown in Figure 4. Figure 8 is a perspective view of the rotor that generates a vortex flow of water in accordance with with the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view along line II-II of Figure 8. Figure 10 is a view showing the flow 52-393 water vortex generated by the operation of the rotor shown in Figure 8. Figure 11 is a perspective view of the rotor that generates a vortex water flow according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view along the line III-III of Figure 11. Figure 13 is a view showing the vortex flow of water generated by the operation of the rotor shown in Figure 11. Figure 14 is a perspective view of the rotor that generates a vortex flow of water according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view along the line IV-IV of Figure 14. Figures 16 and 17 are views showing the vortex flow of water generated by the operation of the rotor shown in Figure 14. Figure 18 is a perspective view of the rotor that generates a vortex water flow according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figures 19 to 21 are views showing various modifications of the protrusion of Figure 18. Figures 22 and 23 are tables of experimental results showing the performance of the apparatus of 52-393 filtering using the rotor that generates a vortex flow of water in accordance with the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES Next, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in greater detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the filtering apparatus using the rotor that generates a vortex flow of water in accordance with the present invention. The present invention proposes a filtering apparatus with rotating type separation membranes and, more particularly, a filtering apparatus having fixed type separation membranes and rotary type rotors. The filtering apparatus 50 is formed by a drum 60 and a plurality of filter trays 70 and rotors 80 stacked within the drum 60. The drum 60 has a water inlet port 61, a processed water discharge port 65 and a condensate water discharge port 63. The filter tray 70 is fixed to the inner side of the drum 60 by means of screws 91 and the rotor 80 is installed so that it can rotate inside the drum 60 thanks to a rotation shaft 95. The filter tray 70 and the rotor 80 are disk-shaped and are - . 5 -393 arranged alternately within the drum 60. When the water containing the contaminating material flows into the drum 60 through the water inlet port 61, the contaminating material in the water is filtered by the filter tray 70 to producing clean purified water and then discharging to the outside through the port of discharge of processed water 65 and the condensed water in which the contaminating material is condensed is discharged to the outside of the drum 60 through the condensed water discharge port 63. In this type of situation, the rotors 80 are continuously rotated by means of a motor (not shown) that rotates the axis of rotation 95 during the filtering operation of the filtering apparatus 50 and the contaminating material in the solid state that is adhered to it. the membrane of the filter tray 70 is removed from the membrane by the cutting force generated in this situation. The removed contaminant material is discharged to the outside through the condensed water discharge port 63, while it is contained in the condensed water. Figure 2 shows that the filter trays 70 and the rotors 80 of Figure 1 are stacked. As the filter trays 70 and the rotors 80 are arranged alternately, the filter tray 70a in the upper area and the filter tray 70b in the lower area 52-393 constitutes a filter unit together with the rotor 80 located between them. In a filter unit, the rotor 80 removes the contaminating material in the solid state from the membrane attached to the underside of the upper filter tray 70a and the upper side of the lower filter tray 70b. Figure 3 shows the detailed construction of the filter tray. The filter tray 70 is formed by: a disk-shaped support plate 71; by draining cloths 73 attached, respectively, to the upper and lower sides of the supporting plate 71 and by membranes 75 attached to the outer side of the respective draining cloths 73. The supporting plate 71 is made of stainless steel and maintains the disc appearance of the filter tray 70. At the outer edge of the support plate 71 a plurality of fixing portions 72 are formed which are fixed on the inner side of the drum 60 by means of the screws 91. The membranes 75 they filter the incoming water and the drainage cloths 73 support the membranes 75 to maintain the external appearance of the membranes 75 and, at the same time, conduct the filtered water to the discharge port 65 of processed water. In the plane of the respective filter trays 70 two water passage ports 79 are formed. The water flows continuously into the interior of the drum 60 through 52-393 of the water passage ports 79. The basic construction and operation of the filtering apparatus with rotating type separation membranes are the same as those of the conventional technique, so that the detailed description of the construction will be omitted. of the filtering apparatus and construction of the rotor that generates the vortex water flow according to the present invention will be described in detail below. The rotor that generates the vortex water flow according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes a plurality of first blades and a plurality of second blades arranged in different positions relative to each other in the direction of rotation thereof. Next, the respective embodiments that implement this feature of the present invention will be described. Figure 4 is a view showing the first embodiment of the rotor that generates the vortex water flow according to the present invention and Figure 5 is a sectional view along the line II of Figure 4. The rotor 100 which generates the vortex water flow according to the first embodiment of the present invention is formed by a first rotor 110 and a second 52-393 rotor 120. One reinforcing ring 150, armed on the axis of rotation 95 of the filtering apparatus 50, is prepared in the central area of the rotor 100 and the arming ring 150 is armed together with the first rotor 110 and with the second rotor 120. Accordingly, the rotor 100 , armed on the axis of rotation 95 thanks to the arming ring 150, is rotated by means of the axis of rotation 95 when this axis 95 is rotated. The first rotor 110 has a plurality of first blades 111 extending from the axis of rotation in the radial direction thereof. In the central area of the first rotor 110, a first arming portion 115 has been prepared which is ring-shaped, assembled together with the arming ring 150, and in the outer area of the first rotor 110 a first ring 117 has been prepared which connects with each other to the first vanes 111. The first vanes 111, the first arming portion 115 and the first ring 117 form a single body. Accordingly, the first rotor 110 has the whole shape of a spoke wheel. The second rotor 110 also has a second blade 121, a second frame portion 125 and a second ring 127, its construction is the same as that of the first rotor 110. As described above, the first blades 111 and the second blades 121 are arranged in different positions relative to one another along the axis of rotation of the rotor 100. In other words, the first vanes 111 and the second vanes 121 are arranged consecutively in the direction of the axis of rotation. Further, in the present embodiment, the first vanes 111 and the second vanes 121 are formed such that they have different widths from each other in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation and, more particularly, as shown in Figure 5, the width of the second blades 121 is less than the width of the first blades 111 and, at the same time, the first blades 111 and the second blades 121 are overlapped with each other. The first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 having the above construction are joined together by means of electric welding, welding with ultrasonic waves or the like. In addition, the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 can be manufactured integrally as a single member. Meanwhile, the radius of the first ring 117 of the first rotor 110 is greater than the radius of the second ring 127 of the second rotor 120. Accordingly, as shown in Figure 6, which is an enlarged view of part A of the Figure 1, includes the cross section of Figure 4 along the line I '-I', the outer end of the rotor 100 is step-shaped (the rotor 100 of Figures 4 and 5 is set on its head to facilitate illustration , however, the rotor 100 shown in Figures 4 and 5 is arranged in the drum 60, as long as it has been turned upside down as shown in Figure 1). As shown in Figure 6, on the inner side of the drum 60 a guide 60a is formed and this guide is in contact with the outer end of the rotor 100, so that the outer side of the first rotor 110 is supported by the guide 60a. Therefore, the rotor 100 does not hang. Figure 7 is a view showing the vortex water flow generated between the upper filter tray 70a and the lower filter tray 70b, while the rotor 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is rotating. In the present embodiment, since the widths of the upper vanes and the lower vanes are different from each other, the position in which the upper vanes 111 generate the vortex water flow in the rear area in the direction of rotation is different from the position in which the lower vanes 121 generate the vortex flow of water in the rear area in the direction of rotation. In this way, a more complex vortex flow of water can be efficiently generated compared to the case in which the conventional rotor having a single ray layer is rotated. Figure 8 is a perspective view that 52-393 shows the rotor according to the second embodiment of the present invention and Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 8 along the line II-II. In the following embodiments, the construction of the rotor having the first rotor and the second rotor and the construction of the arming portion and the ring in the respective subrotors is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, in the following illustration only the construction of the blades will be described. In the second embodiment, the first vanes 211 and the second vanes 221 are arranged at different positions from each other and also in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation of the rotor 200. More particularly, the first vanes 211 and the second vanes 221 have the Same shape and width between them and the only difference are the placement positions of the same. As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the first blades 211 and the second blades 222 are partially overlapping with each other, in other words, the overlap of these is about half the width of the blades. According to a construction of this type, as shown in Figure 10, the position in which the upper vanes 211 generate the vortex flow of water in the front area and the rear area in the direction 52-393 of rotation is different from the position in which the lower vanes 221 generate the vortex water flow in the back and front areas in the direction of rotation. In this way, a more complex vortex flow of water can be efficiently generated compared to the case in which the conventional rotor having a single ray layer is rotated. Figure 11 is a view showing the rotor that generates the vortex water flow according to the third embodiment of the present invention and Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 11 along the line III-III . In the third embodiment, the first vanes 311 and the second vanes 321 are disposed at different positions relative to each other and also in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation of the rotor 300 and, furthermore, they are separated from each other in the circumferential direction. Additionally, the first blades 311 and the second blades 321 are arranged so that they are equidistantly spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. The first blades 311 and the second blades 321 have the same width and shape. Therefore, as shown in Figure 12, the first blades 311 and the second blades 321 are arranged in a zigzag pattern. In accordance with a construction of this type, 52-393 the vortex water flow is formed as shown in Figure 13. As shown in Figure 13, the respective blades 311 and 321 generate the respective vortex water flows due to the shape of the beam and generate, in addition , a large sinusoidal flow of water due to the zigzag arrangement of the same. As a result, a more complex water flow is generated. Figure 14 shows the rotor generating the vortex water flow according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention and Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 14 along the line IV-IV. The rotor 400 of the fourth embodiment has the first blades 411 and the second blades 421, which have the same construction as that of the third embodiment and, furthermore, on the external surface of the respective blades 411 and 421 there is attached a plurality of protuberances 413 and 423. In all the blades 411 and 421 a plurality of protrusions 413 and 423 can be joined, in all the blades 411 and 421 a protrusion 413 or 423 can be joined and in a part of the blades 411 and 421 they can be joined in shape Selective the protrusions 413 and 423. When the plurality of protuberances 413 and 423 are joined to the respective blades 411 and 421, it is preferred that the size of the plurality of protuberances 413 and 423 increases 52-393 gradually along the radial direction of the rotor 400. The protrusions 413 and 423 can be joined to the respective blades 411 and 421, after these were manufactured as separate members, and form a single body together with the respective blades 411 and 421. In addition, the protuberances 413 and 423 may have varying widths in the circumferential direction and, preferably, in the horizontal direction they may take the form of a disc, as shown in Figure 14. In addition, it is preferred that the protrusions arranged in a vane they have sizes that increase gradually in the radial direction of the rotor in order to efficiently generate the vortex water flow. Additionally, as shown in Figure 14, the protuberances 413 of the first blades 411 are attached to the upper side of the first blades 411 and the protuberances 423 of the second blades 421 are attached to the underside of the second blades 421. both, the respective protuberances 413 and 423 are arranged so as to project inwardly with respect to the surface of the disk-shaped rotor 400. Figures 16 and 17 show the vortex flow of water generated by the rotor 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, as described in the foregoing, of which, Figure 16 52-393 shows the side view and Figure 17 shows the plan view. As shown in Figure 16, the vortex flow of water generated from the side view is similar to that of the first embodiment, as shown in Figure 17 in the area where the protuberances 413 and 423 are formed and is similar to the of the third embodiment, as shown in Figure 13 in the area where the protuberances 413 and 423 were not formed. Consequently, the complex vortex water flow in which two types of water flow are combined is formed as is shown in Figure 16. Additionally, as shown in Figure 17, the vortex water flow of the plant view is a complex water flow in which small vortices are generated in the rear area of the protuberances 413 and 423 Therefore, in accordance with a construction of this type, a more complex vortex flow of water is generated. Figure 18 shows the rotor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention and Figures 19 to 21 show various modifications of the protuberances shown in Figure 18. In the present embodiment, the first rotor 510 and the second rotor 520 are separated each other in the direction of the axis of rotation. Therefore, the first blades 511 and the second blades 521 are separated between 52-393 yes in the direction of the axis of rotation, thus forming a certain space between them. In addition, the first blades 511 and the second blades 521 are formed in such a way that at least a part of them overlaps each other (the overlap between the blades is total in the embodiment shown in Figure 18). Between the first blades 511 and the second blades 521 at least one of the protuberances 530 has been formed. As in the fourth embodiment, the number and arrangement of the protuberances 530 can be modified in a variety of ways. The difference with the fourth embodiment is that the protuberances 530 are disposed between two subrotors that have identical shapes with respect to each other. The protuberances 530 are formed such that they have a variable width in the circumferential direction of the rotor 500 and are formed to have an aerodynamic width in the direction of rotation of the rotor 500. For example, the protuberances 530a can be formed in such a way that in horizontal cross-section they have a triangular shape, as shown in Figure 19, and the protuberances 530b can be formed so that they are basically triangle-shaped and the rear part with respect to the direction of rotation is curved and protrudes rearwardly as shown in Figure 20. From 52-393 conformity with a form of this type, the front part with respect to the direction of rotation is subjected to a low water resistance to result in a low loss of rotation energy and the rear part, in the direction of rotation, effectively generates a vortex water flow. Additionally, as shown in Figure 21, the protuberances 530c may be formed such that they are essentially circle-shaped in cross-section (Figures 19 to 21 show the second rotor 520 in a disassembled state to clearly illustrate the shape of the protuberances). ). In accordance with such an embodiment, the vortex water flow is generated as shown in Figure 17, which shows the vortex flow of water formed using the fourth mode. In accordance with the variety of embodiments of the present invention, as described above, the fluid between the surfaces of the rotating rotor blades and the surfaces of the fixed membranes can flow faster, so that the adhesion of solid materials can avoid thanks to a greater intensity of cut on the surfaces of the membranes. Additionally, the vortex water flow in the rear area of the respective blades of the rotating rotor causes a sinusoidal velocity distribution in the vertical and vertical directions. 52-393 horizontal with respect to the surface of the membrane on the surface of the separation membrane of the filter plate, which can prevent the adhesion of the solid material by strengthening the movement of the solid material near the surfaces of the membranes. To compare the vortex flow of water generated by the rotation of the rotor proposed in the conventional technique, U.S. Pat. No. 6,027,656, at the angular velocity sufficient to generate the turbulent flow together with the vortex water flow generated by rotating at the same speed the multi-bladed rotor according to the present invention, the capacity of the rotor according to the present invention to generate vortices is relatively greater. In particular, the zigzag-type rotor of the third mode (Figure 11) is superior to generate the vortex flow of water with a continuous flow and the shape of the rotor of the fourth mode (Figure 14) can generate a vortex flow of water both in the circumferential direction as in the radial direction, so that the cleaning effect can be obtained in the entire area of the channel. Figures 22 and 23 are the tables of experimental results showing the result of comparing the performance of the rotor according to the present invention with that of the bar-type rotor described in FIG. 52-393 aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 6,027,656. As shown in the figures, the multi-bladed rotor according to the present invention results in doubling the performance of the conventional rotor of bars to the same operating conditions, such as the supply pressure or the operating speed and, in the aspect of the quantity processed, the energy consumed is 50% to 60% of that of the bar rotor when it processes the same quantity of water. This means that the multi-bladed rotor of the present invention shows an improvement in efficiency of approximately 300% compared to the bar rotor, which is, in fact, superior to conventional products. Meanwhile, the conventional filter tray has a complex sealing structure for securing the separation membranes and drainage cloths, however, the filter tray 70 of the present invention, as shown in Figure 3, has a construction in place. that the separation membranes 75 and the drainage cloths 73 are adhered to the support plate 71 by means of thermosetting adhesive. In accordance with a method of this type, the manufacturing process is simplified and productivity increases. In the present invention, the passage through which the pulp is fed and subsequently discharged, 52-393 is formed by two water passage ports 79 formed in the filter tray 70, so that it is not necessary to form a separate passage on the outside of the filter tray 70. Consequently, the size of the system can be reduced up to as much as 120% or more in the case of the area, so that there is an increase in processing efficiency per unit area.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION In accordance with the present invention, the contaminant material adhered to the separation membrane can be effectively removed by generating several types of vortex water flow in a wide range. Therefore, there is an increase in the efficiency of the filtering apparatus to process the contaminated water, as well as a reduction in the energy loss of the filtering apparatus. Furthermore, with a low energy, a vortex flow of sufficient water can be generated even for a fluid with different characteristics, such as density or viscosity. In the foregoing the preferred embodiments have been illustrated and described, however, those skilled in the art will understand that within the scope and spirit of the present invention various changes and modifications may be made and, consequently, the 52-393 scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described, but only by the following claims and equivalents thereof. 2-393

Claims (2)

1. CLAIMS: 1. A rotor that generates a vortex flow of water, the rotor comprises: a plurality of first blades extended in the radial direction from the axis of rotation thereof and a plurality of second blades extended in the radial direction from the axis of rotation and arranged in different positions to the positions of the first blades in the direction of the axis of rotation. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the first blades and the second blades have different widths from each other in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation. 3. The rotor according to claim 2, wherein the first blades and the second blades are arranged in such a way that they overlap each other. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the first blades and the second blades are disposed at different positions relative to each other in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation. The rotor according to claim 4, wherein the first blades and the second blades are partially overlapped with each other. 6. The rotor according to claim 4, wherein 52-393 the first blades and the second blades are separated from each other in the circumferential direction. The rotor according to claim 6, wherein the first blades and the second blades are arranged in such a way that they are equidistantly spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction. The rotor according to claim 4, further including at least one protrusion attached to the outer surface of the first blades and / or the second blades. The rotor according to claim 8, wherein the protrusion is formed such that it has a variable width in the circumferential direction. The rotor according to claim 9, wherein the protrusion is formed such that it has an aerodynamic width in the circumferential direction. The rotor according to claim 10, wherein the protrusion is formed in such a way that its rear shape is curved back in the circumferential direction. The rotor according to claim 9, wherein the protrusion is formed in such a way that its horizontal cross-sectional shape is essentially a circle. The rotor according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of protuberances are joined, respectively, between the first blades and the second blades. 5 - . 5 -393 blades and the size of the protuberances increase gradually in the radial direction. 14. The rotor according to claim 4, wherein the first blades and the second blades have the same widths in the circumferential direction. 15. The rotor according to claim 4, wherein the first blades-and the second blades are arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the first blades and the second blades are arranged in such a way that: at least a part thereof overlaps each other in the direction of the axis of rotation and is arranged in such a way that they are separated from each other in the direction of the axis of rotation and between the first blades and the second blades there is at least one protrusion. The rotor according to claim 16, wherein the protrusion is formed in such a way as to have a variable width in the circumferential direction. The rotor according to claim 17, wherein the protrusion is formed such that it has an aerodynamic width in the circumferential direction. The rotor according to claim 18, wherein the protrusion is formed in such a way that its rear shape is curved back in the circumferential direction. The rotor according to claim 17, wherein the protrusion is formed in such a way that its horizontal cross-sectional shape is essentially a circle. The rotor according to claim 16, wherein a plurality of protuberances are respectively joined between the first blades and the second blades and the size of the protuberances gradually increases in the radial direction. 22. The rotor according to claim 1, which also contains: a first ring formed integrally with the first blades and arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation and a second ring formed integrally with the second blades and arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation. 23. The rotor according to claim 22, wherein the first ring and the second ring have radii different from each other. The rotor according to claim 1, further comprising a first rotor equipped with the first blades and a second rotor equipped with the second blades; where the first rotor and the second rotor are joined together. 25. The rotor according to claim 1, further comprising a first rotor equipped with the first blades and a second rotor equipped with the second blades; where the first rotor and the second rotor form a single body. 26. A filtering apparatus containing: a drum 60 having a water inlet port, a processed water discharge port and a condensed water discharge port; at least one rotor arranged in the drum, which has the construction described in one of claims 1 to 25 and at least one filter tray arranged alternately with the rotors of the drum. 27. The filtering apparatus according to claim 26, wherein the filter tray is fixed in the drum. 28. The filtering apparatus according to claim 26, wherein the filter tray has at least one water passage port formed such that it penetrates a plane thereof. 29. The filtering apparatus according to claim 28, wherein the filter tray includes a support plate having the shape of a disk, a cloth of 52-393 drainage attached to the two surfaces of the support plate and a separation membrane attached to the external surface of the drainage cloth. 30. The filtering apparatus according to claim 29, wherein the drainage cloth and the separation membrane are adhered to the support plate with a heat-curable adhesive.
2. 2-393