MXPA06009389A - Deep-nested embossed paper products - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to embossed tissue-towel paper products comprising one or more plies of tissue paper wherein at least one of the plies of tissue paper comprises a plurality of embossments wherein the at least one embossed plies have a total embossed area less than or equal to about 15%and an average embossment height of at least about 650µm and E factor of between about 0.0150 to about 1.0000 inches4 per number of embossments.

Description

PAPER PRODUCTS ENGRAVED IN DEEP NURSING RELIEF FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to deeply nested embossed paper products having larger relief spaces.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The embossing of paper products to make those products more absorbent, softer and of greater volume than products not embossed in relief, is well known in the industry. Embossing technology has included end-to-end engraving, where protrusions on the respective engraving rollers are made to coincide in such a way that the upper parts of the protrusion make contact with each other through the paper product, thus compressing the fibrous structure of the product. The technology has also included tongue-and-groove engraving or nested embossing, where the projections of one or both rollers are aligned with either a non-projecting area or a female projection of the other roller. U.S. Pat. no. 4,921,034, issued to Burgess et al. on May 1, 1990 provides additional background on embossing technologies. Embossing of deep nesting of multi-sheet tissue paper products is shown in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,686,168 issued to Laurent et al. on November 11, 1997; and the 5,294,475 granted to McNeil on March 15, 1994. Although these technologies have been useful in improving the efficiency of embossing and glue bonding of these multi-sheet tissue papers, fabricanis have observed that when they occur deep embossed embossed paper is less smooth and less absorbent than expected. As expected, paper products having less than desirable softness and absorbency considerably reduce the acceptability of the product despite the improved sysiemic printing of deep nesting embossing. It has been found that certain selected patterns of embossing allow the embossing of deep nesting while improving the softness and absorbency of the paper.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to tissue paper products embossed in relief comprising one or more sheets of tissue paper wherein at least one of the sheets of tissue paper comprises a plurality of reliefs, wherein at least one of the Embossed sheets have a surface area engraved in relief less than or equal to approximately 15% and an average relief height of at least approximately 650 μm and a factor E of approximately 0.625 to approximately 42.27 cm4 (approximately 0.0150 to approximately 1.0000 inches4) by number of reliefs.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 is a photograph of an Iuisu paper towel production that shows a visage of a deep-embossed pairing of the previous industry.

Figure 2 is a photograph of a tissue paper towel production showing a view of a deep-nesting embossing pattern of the present invention. Figure 3 is a side view of one embodiment of the embossed tissue paper towel production of the present invention. Figure 4 is a side view of the space between two etched engraving rolls of a deep nesting embossing process.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to embossed paper towel products 10 comprising one or more sheets of paper 15, wherein at least one of the paper sheets includes a plurality of reliefs 20 wherein at least one of the embossed leaves has an embossed ioal area less than or equal to approximately 15% and an average relief relief of at least approx. 650 μm and a factor E of approximately 0.625 to approximately 42.27 cm4 (approximately 0.0150 to approximately 1.0000 inches4) by number of reliefs. The term "absorption capacity" and "absorbency" means the characteristic of a single-leaf production or multiple leaves of the fibrous structure that allows it to capture and retain fluids., paríicularly water and aqueous solutions and suspensions In assessing the absorbency of the paper, not only is the absolute quantity of liquid that will retain a certain amount of paper, but also the speed at which the paper will absorb the fluid is important. Absorbency is measured in the presence by the horizontal complementation sheet (HFS) test method described in the Test Methods section of this document.

The term "machine direction" is a term of the industry used to define the dimension, in the processed image, of the material parallel to the direction of travel that enters the field through the paper, printing, and engraving machines. Likewise, the term "transverse direction" or "transverse direction to the machine" refers to the dimension on the continuous material, perpendicular to the direction of displacement through the paper, printing and embossing machines. As used herein, the phrase "tissue paper towel product" refers to products comprising tissue paper technology or general paper towel including, but not limited to, tissue conventionally pressed with felt or wet pressing conventional; densified tissue paper with pattern; and voluminous tissue without compacting. Non-exhaustive examples of tissue paper towel products including paper towels, facial paper, toilet paper, paper towels, and the like. The term "sheet", as used herein, means an individual sheet of fibrous paper that is used as a paper production paper. As used in the present, the sheet can be composed of one or more wet layers. When using more than one layer wet laid, it is not necessary that these are made of the same fibrous structure. In addition, the layers may or may not be homogeneous within the layer. The effecive conformation of the paper sheet is determined by the desired benefits of the final paper towel production. The term "fibrous structure" as used herein means a fiber arrangement produced in any type of paper machine known in the industry to create the sheet of tissue paper towel. The term "fiber", as used in the present, means an elongated particulate material whose apparent length greatly exceeds its apparent width, that is, a length to diameter ratio of at least approximately 10. More specifically, as used in the witness, the term "fiber" refers to paper fibers. The invention covers the use of a variety of paper fibers, such as natural fibers or synthetic fibers, or any other suitable fiber, and any combination of such fibers. Useful paper fibers in the presence They include cellulosic fibers, known as wood pulp fibers. Some useful wood pulps in the presence are chemical pulps, such as the Kraft pulp, the siphite and the sulphous pulp, as well as the mechanical pulps that include, for example, wood, fermomechanical pulps and chemically modified uramomechanical pulps. However, chemical pulps may be preferred since they impart a superior smooth feel to the paper sheets made therefrom. Pulps derived from deciduous trees (hereinafter referred to as "hardwood") and coniferous trees (in advance also called "softwood") can be used. Hardwood fibers and softwood fibers can be mixed, or alternatively, deposited in layers to provide coniferous, esiramic material. The United States of America no. 4,300,981 and the US Patent. no. 3,994,771 describe the formation of hardwood and softwood fiber layers. Also useful are fibers derived from recycled paper which may contain one or all of the categories of fibers mentioned and other non-fibrous materials as fillers and adhesives that facilitated the original papermaking process. In addition to the above, the fibers and filaments made from polymers, in particular hydroxyl polymers, can be used in the present invention. Non-exhaustive examples of suitable hydroxyl polymers include polyvinyl alcohol, starch, starch derivatives, chylosan, chitosan derivatives, cellulose derivatives, gums, arabinans, galactans, and mixtures thereof. The substrate of the tissue paper towel product can comprise any known paper towel product in the industry. Embodiments of these substrates can be manufactured according to US patents. Nos .: 4,191, 609 to Trokhan on March 4, 1980; 4,300,981 issued to Carsíens on November 17, 1981; 4,191, 609 given to Trokhan on March 4, 1980; 4,514,345 issued to Johnson et al. on April 30, 1985; 4,528,239 issued to Trokhan on July 9, 1985; 4,529,480 awarded to Trokhan on July 16, 1985; 4,637,859 granted to Trokhan on January 20, 1987; 5,245,025 issued to Trokhan et al. on September 14, 1993; 5,275,700 awarded to Trokhan on January 4, 1994; 5,328,565, issued to Rasch et al. on July 12, 1994; 5,334,289 issued to Trokhan et al. on August 2, 1994; 5,364,504, issued to Smurkowski et al. November 15, 1995; 5,527,428, issued to Trokhan et al. on June 18, 1996; 5,556,509, issued to Trokhan et al. on September 17, 1996; 5,628,876, issued to Ayers et al. May 13, 1997; 5,629,052, issued to Trokhan et al. May 13, 1997; 5,637,194 issued to Ampulski et al. on June 10, 1997; 5,411, 636 issued to Hermans et al. on May 2, 1995; the European patent application EP 677612 published in the name of Wendf et al. on October 18, 1995. Preferred tissue paper towel hangers can be dried by air with TAD technology or conventionally dried. Optionally, they can be reduced by crimping or by wet microcontraction. Curling and / or wet microcontraction are described in U.S. Pat. ceded in a joint manner: 6,048,938 to Neal et al., on April 11, 2000; 5,942,085 issued to Neal et al. on August 24, 1999; 5,865,950 issued to Vinson et al. on February 2, 1999; 4,440,597 issued to Wells et al. on April 3, 1984; 4,191,756 issued to Sawdai on May 4, 1980, and the US patent application. no. series 09 / 042,93,6 presented on March 17, 1998. The paper is conventionally pressed and the methods for its preparation are known in the industry. See the request of the US country. Commonly assigned 09 / 997,950, filed on November 30, 2001. A preferred tissue paper is densified standardized paper, which is characterized by a relatively voluminous relay field of relatively low fiber density and an array of density densified areas of density. relatively high fiber. The voluminous field alternately is characterized as a field of quilted regions. On the other hand, the densified zones can be mentioned as articulated regions. The densified zones may diverge disjointly from the bulky field, or they may be totally or partially interconnected in the voluminous field. The preferred processes for producing continuous paper volumes densified by payroll are described in the US. no. 3,301, 746, granted to Sanford and Sisson on January 31, 1967; 3,974,025, granted to Ayers on August 10, 1976; 4,191, 609, issued on March 4, 1980; 4,637,859, issued to Trokhan on January 20, 1987; 3,301, 746, granted to Sanford and Sisson in l 3 1 of the first 967; 3, 821, 068, issued to Salvucci, Jr. et al. May 21, 1974; 3,974,025 issued to Ayers on August 10, 1976; 3,573,164 issued to Friedberg et al. March 30, 1971; 3,473,576 to Amneus on October 21, 1969; 4,239,065 issued to Trokhan on December 16, 1980; and 4,528,239 issued to Trokhan on July 9, 1985. The paper runs not densified by unpaired paper are also contemplated within the scope of the present invention and are described in the context of the drawings.

USA no. 3,812,000 granted to Joseph L. Salvucci, Jr. and Peter N. Yiannos on May 21, 1974, and 4,208,459 to Henry E. Becker, Albert L. McConnell and Richard Schuíle on June 17, 1980. As used in the At present, the term "non-curled paper" refers to dried paper without applying pressure, preferably by air drying with TAD technology. The resulting air-dried continuous materials are densified by pattern such that areas of relatively high density are dispersed within a bulky field, including densified tissue paper where areas of relatively high density with continuous and bulky field are distinct. . Techniques for producing tissue paper that is not curled in this way are described in the earlier industry. For example, Wendí et al. in the European patent application 0 677 612A2, published on October 18, 1995; Hyland, et al. in the application for European patent 0 617 164 A1, published on September 28, 1994, and Farrington, et al. in the USA no. 5,656,132, published August 12, 1997. The papermaking fibers used for the present invention will normally include fibers derived from wood pulp. Other fibers of fibrous cellulose pulp, such as cotton wool, bagasse, etc. they can be used and are intended to be within the scope of this invention. Synthetic fibers, such as rayon, polyethylene and polypropylene fibers, can also be used in combination with natural cellulosic fibers. One of the p olyethylene f ights that can be used Pulpex® distributed by Hercules, Inc. (Wilmingion, DE). Some useful wood pulps in the present are chemical pulps, such as Krafi, sulphide and sulfur pulps, as well as mechanical pulps, which include, for example, wood, ferromagnetic pulps and chemically modified uramomechanical pulps. However, chemical pulps are preferred, since they impart a greater sense of tactile smoothness in the sheets of tissue paper made thereof. Pulps derived from deciduous trees (hereinafter also called "hardwood") and coniferous trees (hereafter also called "softwood") can be used. Also useful are fibers derived from recycled paper which may contain one or all of the above-mentioned fiber categories and other non-fibrous raw materials as fillers and adhesives that facilitated the original papermaking process. In order to impart desirable characteristics to the production or to improve the papermaking process, other materials may be added to the aqueous pulp mix or to the continuous embryonic material, as long as they are compatible with the chemistry of the softening composition and do not affect significantly. negative the softness or the resistant character of the present invention. The following materials are expressly included, but their inclusion does not exclude the use of other materials. Other material may be included as long as they do not interfere with or compromise the veniances of the present invention. It is common to add a polarizing chemical load species to the papermaking process to conirol the potential zema of the aqueous pulp mix as it is supplied to the papermaking process. These materials are used because most of the solids in the nature have negative surface charges, including the surfaces of cellulose fibers and fines and most inorganic fillers. A cationic charge polarizer that is most commonly used is alum. Recently in the industry, polarization is loaded using relatively low molecular weight cationic syngeneic polymers, which preferably have a molecular weight of no more than about 500,000 and more preferably no more than about 200,000, or even about 100,000. The charge densities of these cationic syn- thetic polymeric es- teres of molecular weight are relatively low. The density of carbon dioxide varies from about 4 to about 8 equivalents of cationic nihologen per kilogram of polymer. An illusive material is Cypro 514®, which is separated by Cyc, Inc. of Siamford, CT. In the practice of the present invention, the use of material problems is expressly permitted. In the industry the use of microparticles of anionic charge and high surface area is described for the purposes of improving the formation, drainage, resistance, and retention. See, for example, U.S. Pat. no. 5,221, 435, granted to Smiíh on June 22, 1993, whose presentation is incorporated as a reference in the present. If permanent wet strength is desired, resilient cationic resins may be added in the wet state to the pulp mix or to the embryonic continuous material. Suitable types of these resins are described in U.S. Pat. no. 3,700,623 and no. 3,772,076 awarded to Keim on October 24, 1972 and November 13, 1973, respectively. Many paper products can have limited resistance when wet due to the need to dispose of them through toilets and sewage or sewage systems. If wet strength is imparted to these products, fugitive wet strength is preferred, which is characterized in that a part or all of the initial strength disappears in the presence of water. If it is desired to impart fugitive wet strength, the Aglulanite materials can be selected from the group consisting of dialdehyde starch or other resins with an aldehyde function, such as Co-Bond 1000®, dispersed by the National Síarch and Chemical Company of Scarborough, ME; Parez 750® distributed by Cytec of Stamford, CT; the resin was described in the USA. no. 4,981,557 granted on January 1, 1991 to Bjorkquist, and other resins with the disintegration properties described earlier in the industry. If it was necessary to increase the absorbency, the conical papermaking materials of the present invention can be sprayed with surfacides. In such a case, the level of surfactant varies preferentially from about 0.01% to about 2.0% by weight, based on the weight of the dry fiber of the coniuous paper material. The surfacides preferentially have alkyl chains of eight or more carbon atoms. Examples of anionic surfactants include alkylsulfonates and alkylbenzene sulphonates. Examples of non-ionic surfactants are the alkyl glucosides, including alkyl glucoside esters such as Crodesia SL-40® disclosed by Croda, Inc. (New York, NY), alkyl glucoside ethers as described in US Pat. no. 4,011, 389 Odonted to Langdon et al. on March 8, 1977, and foreign alkylpolyoxylates such as Pegosperse 200 ML, dispersed by Glyco Chemicals, Inc. (Greenwich, CT) and IGEPAL RC-520®, disclosed by Rhone-Poulenc Corporation (Cranbury, NJ). Altematively, cationic softening active ingredients with a high degree of unsaturated alkyl groups (mono and / or poly) and / or branched chain can greatly increase the absorbency. In addition, other suavizani chemical agents can be used. Preferred Suavizan chemical agents include, but are not limited to, the well-known dialkyldimethylammonium salts (eg, ditallowdimethylammonium chloride, dimethyldimethylammonium methylsulphide, and di (hydrogenated tallow) dimethylammonium chloride, eic). Particularly preferred variances of such softened Agents include the mono- or di-dial variations of the aforementioned dialkyldimethylammonium salts and the quaternary ester compounds resulting from the reaction of the fatty acid and methyldiethanolamine or triethylamine followed by quaternization with methylene chloride or dimethylsulfate. Another class of soft-chemical agents which are added during the papermaking process comprise the well-known polydimethylsiloxane organo-reactive ingredients, including the above-mentioned polydimethylsiloxane amino functional. Loading materials may also be included within the paper of the present invention. The country of the USA no. 5,611, 890 issued to Vinson et al. on March 18, 1997, and which is incorporated by reference in the present, describes loaded tissue paper towel productions that are acceptable as subscriptions for the present invention. The list of optional chemical additives mentioned above is intended to be exemplary only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Of preferred type of substrate for use in the process of the present invention are continuous non-woven materials comprising syngeneic fibers. Examples of such materials include, but are not limited to, textiles (e.g., uneven and non-eyed fabrics, and the like), other non-woven fabrics, and paper-like products containing synniic or multi-component fibers. Representative examples of other items referred to above can be found in the United States. no. 4,629,643 issued to Curro et al. December 16, 1986; United States no. 4,609,518 issued to Curro et al. on September 2, 1986; European patent application EP A 112 654 filed in the name of Haq; U.S. patent application. no. 10/360038 filed on February 6, 2003 in the name of Trokhan et al .; The US is dependent on the USA. no. 10/360021, filed on February 6, 2003 in the name of Trokhan et al .; U.S. dependent patents request. no. 10 / 192,372 filed in the name of Zink et al. on July 10, 2002; and patent application copendienie from the USA. no. 09 / 089,356 filed in the name of Curro et al. on December 20, 2000. The embossed tissue paper towel product of the present invention may comprise one or more sheets of paper, preferably two or more sheets. Where the production of embossed paper comprises two or more sheets of paper paper, the sheets may be the same subspecies respectively or the sheets may comprise different substrates combined to create the desired benefits of consumption. Some preferred embodiments of the present invention comprise two sheets of tissue paper substrates. Another preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a first outer layer, a second outer layer, and at least one inner layer.

The embossed production of the present invention may comprise a deep-nesting embossed sheet of relief, more than one sheet being combined and then embossed in junipers in a deep-nesting embossing process, or more of a leaf where one or more of the leaves are embossed with deep nesting and then later combined with other leaves. An example of such a combination is an embossed paper towel product comprising more than one sheet wherein the first and second sheets are embossed with deep nesting and are preferably combined with one or more internal sheets of the paper substrate. Íisú. All embodiments of the present invention are embossed using any deep-nesting embossing technique known in the industry. The one or more sheets of tissue paper are embossed, or jointly or individually, in a deep-nesting embossing process depicted in Fig. 4. The sheet paper structure 10 is etched. embossed in space 50 between two embossing rolls, 100 and 200. Embossing rolls may be made of any known material for making these rolls including, but not limited to, steel, rubber, elasomeric materials, and combinations of those. Each embossing roll 100 and 200 has a combination of engraving projections 50 and 210 and spaces 120 and 220. Each engraving pattern has a projection base 140 and a projection face 150. The surface of the rolls surface , which is the design of the various protuberances and spaces, can be any design that is desired for the product, however, for the deep nesting process the designs of the rollers must coincide, so that the face of the protrusion of a Roller 130 extends into the space of the other roller, beyond the pro-bulge face of the other roller 230 which creates a coupling depth 300. The coupling depth is the disharmony between faces 130 and 230 of nested protuberances. The depth of the coupling 300 used in the manufacture of the paper products of the present invention may vary from about 0.11 cm (0.04 inch) to about 0.2 cm (0.08 inch), and preferably from about 0.127 cm (0.05 inch) to approximately 0.18 cm (0.07 inch) in such a way that a relief etching of at least about 650 m, preferably at least about 1000 μm, more preferably at least about 1250 μm, and most preferably over at least about 1400 μm is formed on both surfaces of the fibrous structure of the single-sheet tissue paper towel. With reference to Figures 2 and 3, the plurality of reliefs 20 of the embossed paper production 10 of the present invention can optionally be configured in a non-random pattern of positive reliefs 23 and a non-random pattern corresponding to relief patterns 27. As used in the present, "positive reliefs" are reliefs that protrude towards the observer when the production engraved in relief is viewed from above. Conversely, "negative reliefs" are reliefs that push away from the observer. The embossed tissue paper towel product 10 comprises one or more sheets of the tissue paper structure 15, wherein at least one of the sheets comprises a plurality of reliefs 20. The sheet or sheets which are embossed are engraved in relief in a deep-nesting embossing process such that the first surface 21 exhibits a relief height 31 of at least about 650 μm, preferably at least 1000 μm, more preferably at least less about 1250 μm, and most preferably at least about 1 400 μm. The relief of the relief 3 1 of the tissue paper towel product is measured by the test method of the relief pattern using a GFM Primos Optical Profiler as described in the Test Methods herein. Non-random positive and negative patterns, 23 and 27 respectively, may comprise at least one non-random curvilinear subpair 22 or 26. The subpairs may comprise a coninuous element or a plurality of different elements arranged in a curvilinear subpair. In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the positive payroll as the negative payroll comprises at least one non-random curvilinear pairing 22 and 26. They are especially preferred when the non-random negative and positive pads correspond to one another, so that the pai they move along one with another, thus accentuating the deeply nested embossed pattern. The tissue paper production 10 of the present invention will have a surface area embossed of approximately 15% or less, preferably about 10% or less, and most preferably about 8% or less. By area engraved in relief, as used in the present, it means the area of the paper structure that is directly compressed by the positive or negative provings of embossing. The paper structure can be deflected in these projections, but this deviation is not considered part of the embossed area. The present invention defines a relationship between the size dimension (ie the area) of the individual reliefs 20 and the total number of reliefs 20 (ie, the frequency of the reliefs) per unit area of the paper. This relationship, known as factor E, is defined as follows: E = S / N x 100 where E is the "E factor", S is the average area of the individual reliefs, N is the number of reliefs per unit of paper area. The paper 10 of the present invention will range from about 5 to about 25 reliefs per square inch of paper (ie from 0.775 to 3.875 embossments per square centimeter of paper). The paper 10 of the present invention will have a factor E of about 0.0100 a 3 inches4 / number of reliefs (ie from approximately 0.416 to 125 crnVnumber of reliefs), preferably from approximately 0.0125 to 2 inches / number of reliefs (ie from approximately 0.520 to 83.324 cm4 / number of reliefs), and with the maximum p reference of approximately 0.0150 to 1 inches4 / number of reliefs (ie from approximately 0.624 to 41.62 cm4 / number of reliefs). Reliefs 20 are often based on normal shapes of plane geometry such as circles, ovals, various quadrilaterals, and the like, only as combined. For these flat geometrical figures, the area of an individual relief can be obtained by means of well-known mathematical formulas. For more complex forms, various methods of calculating areas can be used. One of the technical formulas is the following. Start with a single relief image 20 with a known level of amplification (for example 100x) on a clean sheet of paper, cardboard or the like. Calculate the paper area and weigh it. Cut out the relief image 20 and weigh it. With the weight and the size of the paper already determined, as well as with the weight and the relief image already known, the actual area of the relief 20 can be calculated as follows: Relief area = ((weight of relief image / paper weight) x paper area) / magnification2 Reliefs 20 are normally arranged in a repeated pattern. The number of reliefs 20 per surface area can easily be determined in the following manner. Select an area of the pairón that includes at least 4 repeated paírones. Measure this area and count the number of reliefs 20. The "engraving frequency" is calculated by dividing the number of reliefs 20 in the selected area. The percentage of the paper's engraved area is determined by multiplying the area of the individual engraving by setting the number of reliefs per unit area of the paper and then multiplying the result by 100 (that is, (SxN) x 100). In preferred embodiments of the present invention, the non-random pairing of positive reliefs 23 comprises more than one corresponding curvilinear subpair 22. The distance from one to the other in these preferred embodiments may be greater than or equal to about 0.635 cm (0.25 inch), preferably greater than about 0.76 cm (0.3 inch) and more preferably greater than about 0.889 cm ( 0.35 inches). The disengagement of the subparals 22 may be less than about 2.54 cm (1.0 inch), preferably less than in the near future. 1. 9 cm (0.75 inch) and more preferably less than approximately 1.27 cm (0.5 inch). Especially preferred embodiments of the present invention also comprise a non-random paired pattern of negative reliefs 27 comprising at least one curvilinear subpair 26 positioned against the positive sub-pawns 22 of reliefs 20. The paper towel products embossed in relief. of the present invention provide a surprising softness and an improvement of the absorbency over the above deep embossed embossed products. Fig. 1 shows a production of paper with a deep amino acid content of the aniiorior industry. The earlier industry comprises relieves in a relief pattern that has a relief frequency of 375.74 cm2 (58.24 per square inch) and an embossed area of 0.0224 cm2 (0.00347 square inch). Therefore, the product of the previous industry has an E factor of 0.0053. The disfanance d between the positive subpatterns is 0.63 cm (0.2489 inch). Without theoretical limitations of any kind, it is believed that the earlier pavements of deep nested relief engravings, where an alias frequency of reliefs resulted in the reliefs being closely spaced from each other and thereby giving E factors less than 0.634 cm4 / number of reliefs (0.015 inch) / number of reliefs), so that the tissue paper substrates stretch far beyond their point of plastic deformation, forming a stiffer, 1-dimensional structure around the protuberances of embossing. The structure may have deformed in such a way that the empty space in the fibrous structure collapses as the structure is pulled between the embossing protuberances. It is believed that the deeply embossed embossed structures of the present invention, which have a facer and more, provide reliefs that do not deform the fibrous structure that compresses the void space, but still form a sharp embossed engraving. The paper towels produced in embossed relief are softer than the previously embossed products of deep nesting. The softness can be measured by measurements of the compression capacity of the products. A measure of the compression capacity is the ratio of the relief relief to the loaded gauge of the products. The loaded gauge measures the effective thickness of the product as measured under a finished load and is determined by the loaded gauge test written in n ection M e thod s. The relationship is calculated by taking the height of the relief in μm and dividing it by the gauge loaded. Note that the gauge is measured in mils and must be converted to μm.

Ratio = Height of the relief (μm) / (Caliber loaded (mils) * 25.4 μm / mil).

The higher the ratio of the height of the relief to the loaded gauge, the greater the compression capacity and therefore the softer the paper production for the consumers feels. The relation of the alíura of the relief to the loaded caliber of the product of paper of deep nested of the indusíria aníerior measured 1,416. The production of embossed paper towels is a ratio of the relief to the gauge loaded greater than about 1.45, preferably greater than about 1.60, and more preferably greater than about 1.80, and the ratio is less than about 3.50. , preferably less than about 3.00, and more preferably less than about 2.50. Another measure of compression capacity can be the measurement of the initial compression ratio. The initial compression ratio can be the slope of a curve of the depression in blanket thickness with the log (10) of a load applied as the load goes to zero (the log of the load goes to one). The initial compression ratio is determined by the method described in the test methods. The initial compression ratio of the deep nesting paper production of the aniorior industry varies from 15 to 22. The embossed tissue paper towel products of the present invention have an initial compression ratio greater than about 25, preferably greater. that 30, more preferably greater than 35, and most preferably greater than 40. The embossing pattern of the present invention also provides better absorbency or absorbency. The absorption capacity of the deep-nested paper products of the previous industry has an absorption capacity of less than or equal to 21.2 grams per gram. The embossed tissue paper towel products of the present invention have an absorption capacity greater than about 21.3, preferably greater than about 21.5, more preferably greater than about 22.0, and most preferably greater than about 23.0 grams per gram.

MODALITIES Embodiment 1 A fiber fibrous structure for producing tissue paper toweling embossed is the air-dried differential density structure with TAD technology described in the U.S. Pat. no. 4,528,239. This process can be formed through the following process. In the practice of this invention, an air-drying Fourdrinier paper machine with pilot-scale TAD technology is used. A pulp of paper fibers is pumped into the input box at a consistency of approximately 0.15%. The pulp consists of approximately 65% NSK fibers and approximately 35% unrefined SSK fibers. The fiber pulp contains a wet strength polyamine-epichlorohydrin cationic resin at a concentration of approximately 11 k / ton (25 pounds per ton) of dry fiber, and carboxymethylcellulose at a concentration of approx. 2. 9 k / l (6.5 pounds per ton) of dry fiber. The dewatering is effected through the Fourdrinier line and with the help of vacuum boxes. The idle has a configuration that has 84 filaments in the machine direction and 78 filaments in the transverse direction to the machine per 2.54 cm (1 inch), such as the one available from Albany International known as 84x78-M.

The humid embryonic shoot was transferred from the mesh to a carrier TAD at a fiber density of approximately 22% at the point of transfer. The velocity of the Fourdrinier is approximately 6% faster than the carrier, so that shortening of the coninuous material occurs at the point of transfer. The 5 side of the canvas of the carrier is made of a net that has a continuous pattern of foameric resin; the pairon contains around 330 deflection conducts per inch. The deflection conduits are in a biaxially stepped configuration and the polymeric network covers approximately 25% of the surface area of the carrier fabric. The polymeric resin is supported by and attached to an embedded support member consisting of of 70 filaments in the machine direction and 35 filaments in the cross machine direction by 2.54 cm (1 inch). The photopolymer network rises approximately 0.02 cm (0.008") above the support member.The consistency of the array is approximately 65% after the action of the TAD dryers operating at approximately 232 ° C (450 ° F) before of the transfer to the Yankee dryer. An aqueous solution of creping adhesive consisting of polyvinyl alcohol is applied to the surface of the Yankee dryer by means of spray applicators at a rate of approximately 2.25 kton (5 pounds per ton) of production. The Yankee dryer operates at a speed of approximately 3048 m / s (600 feet per minute). The consistency of the fiber is increased to an estimated 99% anis of curling, 20 continuous with a curling blade. The blade has an oblique angle of approximately 25 degrees and is positioned relative to the Yankee dryer to provide an impact angle of approximately 81 degrees. The Yankee dryer is operated at approximately 157 ° C (315 ° F), and the Yankee covers are operated at approximately 176 ° C (350 ° F). The curled dry continuous material is passed between two rollers of calender that operate at 2.74 m / s (540 feet per minute), so that there is a 6% shortening of the continuous material by the ripple. The resulting paper has a basis weight of approximately 24 grams per square meter. The paper described above is then subjected to the deep embossing process of this invention. Two embossing rollers are engraved with two complementary nesting protrusions in Figure 2. The embossing pattern in Figure 2 has 17 reliefs per 6.45 cm2 (square inch), and each relief has an area of 0.0506 cm2 (0.007854 square inches). The E factor resulting is 0.0462 with a total relief of 13.3%. The positive subpatterns 22 are separated by a disiness of 1015 cm (0.3996 inches). The projections are frustoconical in shape, with a face diameter of approximately 0.254 cm and a floor diameter of approximately 0.44 cm (0.172") .The height of the projections on each roll is approximately 0.304 cm (0.120"). The coupling of the nested rolls was adjusted to approximately 0.249 cm, and the previously described paper is fed through the coupled space at a speed of approximately 0.61 m / s (120 feet per minute). The resulting paper has a relief height greater than 1000 μm, a relief height ratio at load gauge greater than 1.45, an initial compression capacity ratio greater than 25.

Modality 2 In another preferred embodiment of tissue paper products embossed two separate sheets of paper are made from the papermaking process of Modality 1. The two sheets are then combined and embossed with each other by the etching process in relief of deep nesting of the Modality 1. The resulting paper has an embossing of greater than 1000 μm, a relief aspect ratio at load gauge greater than 1.45, a ratio of initial compression capacity greater than 25, and a absorption capacity greater than approximately 21.3 grams per gram.

Mode 3 In another preferred embodiment of the tissue paper towels embossed, three separate paper sheets of the papermaking process of Embodiment 1 are made. Two of the sheets are embossed with deep nesting by the etching process. Deep nesting relief of Embodiment 1. The three sheets of tissue paper are then combined in a standard tel conversion process that the embossed sheets are the respective outer sheets and the sheet not embossed on the inner layer of the embossed sheet. product. The resulting paper has a relief height greater than 1000 μm, a relief height ratio at load gauge greater than 1.45, an initial compression capacity ratio greater than 25.

Modality 4 In a preferred example of an air-dried differential density structure described in U.S. Pat. no. 4,528,239, said structure can be formed by the following process. The TAD carrier fabric of Example 1 is replaced by a carrier fabric consisting of 225 deflection conduits biaxially staggered by 2.54 cm (1 inch), and a resin height of approximately 0.0305 cm (0.012"). This paper is further subjected to the embossing process of Example 1, and the resulting paper has an embossing greater than 1000 μm, a relief aspect ratio at load gauge greater than 1.45, a ratio of initial compression capacity greater than 25.

Modality 5. An alternate modality of the fibrous construction of the present invention is a paper structure having a microconversion in the wet state of greater than about 5% in combination with any known process of punching air. M icroconira tion in the humid state is described in the country of the USA no. 4, 440.597. An example of Realization 5 can be manufactured by following the process. The speed of the carrier fabric is increased in comparison with the carrier fabric TAD in such a way that the shortening of the wet coninuous material is 10%. The carrier TAD of Example 1 is replaced by a carrier idle having a stroke of 5 shed, 36 strands in the machine direction and 32 strands in the machine cross direction by 2.54 cm (1 inch). The net shortening per ripple is 20%. The resultant paper of the embossing has a basis weight of approximately 9.9 kg / 278 m2 (22 pounds / 3000 square feet). This paper is further subjected to the embossing process of Example 1, and the paper results in a relief relief greater than 1000 μm, a relief aspect ratio at load gauge greater than 1.45, an initial compression capacity ratio greater than 25.

Modality 6. Another embodiment of the fibrous structure of the present invention are air-dried paper webs having joint impressions in the machine direction as described in U.S. Pat. no. 5,672,248. A commercially available single sheet substrate manufactured according to U.S. Pat. no. 5,672,248 which has a basis weight of approximately 11 kg / 278 m2 (25 pounds / 3000 square feet) marketed under the trademark Scott and manufactured by Kimberly Clark Corporation is subjected to the embossing process of Example 1. The resulting paper is n a lfura of relief greater than 1 000 μm, a relief aspect ratio at load gauge greater than 1.45, a ratio of initial compression capacity greater than 25.

TEST METHODS Base weight method: "Base weight" as used herein is the weight per unit area of a sample reported in pounds / 3000 ft2 or g / m2. The basis weight is measured by preparing one or more samples of a finished area (m2) and weighing the samples of a fibrous structure according to the present invention and / or a paper product comprising this fibrous structure on a top loading scale with a resolution minimum of 0.01 g. The balance is protected from drafts and other disturbances using a shield against air currents. The weights are recorded when the lecures on the scale are constant. Then the average weight (g) and the average surface area of the samples (m2) are calculated. The basis weight is calculated (g / m2) by dividing the average weight (g) by the average surface area of the samples (m2).

Caliber test loaded "Caliber loaded" as used in the present means the macroscopic thickness of a sample. The size of a fibrous film sample according to the present invention is determined by cutting a sample of the fibrous structure so that it is larger than the size of the sample. a loading foot load surface where the circular surface of the loading foot has a circular surface area of approximately 20.26 cm2 (3.14 inches2). The sample is confined between a horizontal surface and the load surface of a loading foot. The loading surface of the loading foot applies a confining pressure to the sample of 14.7 g / cm2 (approximately 0.21 psi). The gauge is the space between the flat surface and the loading surface of a loading foot. These measurements can be obtained with a VIR electronic thickness tester Model ll available from Thwing-Albert Instrument Company, Philadelphia, PA. The gauge is re-measured and recorded at least five (5) times to calculate the average gauge. The result is reported in millimeters or thousandths of an inch (mils).

Density method: The term, density, as used in the present, of a fibrous construction according to the present invention, and / or a sanitary paper production comprising a fibrous construction according to the present invention, is the Average density ("apparent") calculated. The density of paper, as a term used here, is the average density calculated as the basis weight of that paper divided by the caliber, with the corresponding unit conversions incorporated in the present document. As used in the present, the caliber of the paper is the thickness of the paper when it is subjected to a compressive load of 14.7 g / cm2 (95 g / in2). The density of paper, as the term used here, is the average density calculated as the basis weight of that paper divided by size, with the corresponding unit conversions incorporated in the present document. The term "caliber", as used herein, of a fibrous structure and / or a sanitary paper production, is the thickness of the fibrous structure or the sanitary paper production comprising this fibrous structure when subjected to a compression load of 14.7 g / cm2.

Horizontal Complete Sheet (HFS): The test method of the Horizontal Signature Sheet (HFS) determines the amount of water flowed absorbed and retained by the paper of the present invention. This method is performed by first weighing a sample of the paper to be tested (weight referred to here as "Dry paper weight"), then moistening the paper completely, then letting it drain horizontally and finally returning it to weigh again ( weight referred to herein as "Wet paper weight"). The absorptive capacity of the paper is then calculated as the amount of water retained in units of grams of water absorbed by the paper. When paper sizes are assessed, the same paper size is used for all samples to be tested. The apparatus for removing the HFS capacity of the paper comprises the following: An elecronic balance with a sensitivity of at least ± 0.01 grams and a minimum capacity of 1200 grams. The balance should be placed on a table for scales and a slab to minimize the effects of floor / heavy vibration of the bench cover. The balance should also have a special plate so that the size of the paper to be tested can be handled (ie, a paper sample of approximately 27.9 cm (11 inches) by 27.9 cm (11 inches)). The scale can be manufactured from a variety of materials. Plexiglass is a common material used. A sample support frame and a sample holder cover are also needed. The frame as well as the cover are covered by a light metal frame, strung with a 0.305 cm monofilamenion (0.012 inches) of diametre so that it forms a 1.27 cm2 (0.5 square inch) grid. The size of the frame and the support cover is such that the size of the sample can be placed appropriately between the two. The HFS test is performed in an environment that is maintained at 23 ± 1 ° C and 50 ± 2% relative humidity. A water tank or reservoir is filled with distilled water at 23 ± 1 ° C to a depth of 3 inches (7.6 cm). The paper to be tested is carefully weighed on the balance to the nearest 0.01 gram. The dry weight of the sample is reported to the nearest 0.01 gram. The empty sample holder frame is placed on the balance with the special plate described above. Then the scale is reset to zero (tare). The sample is carefully placed in the sample support frame. The cover of the soporfe frame is placed on the support frame. The sample (now interspersed between the frame and the cover) is submerged in the water reservoir. After the sample has been submerged for 60 seconds, the sample support frame rises gently out of the tank. Then, the sample, the support frame and the cover are allowed to drain horizontally for 120 ± 5 seconds, taking care not to shake or shake the sample excessively. Then, the cover of the frame is carefully removed and the wet sample and the support frame are weighed on the scale beforehand. The weight is recorded up to the nearest 0.01 g. This is the wet weight of the sample. The absorption capacity in grams per paper sample of a sample is defined as (Wet weight of the paper - Dry weight of the paper). The absorption capacity is defined as: Absorbency = (Wet weight of paper - Dry weight of paper) (Dry weight of paper) and it has a unit of gram / gram.

Relief relief test method The relief height is measured using a GFM Primos Optical Profiler optical profiling instrument commercially available from GFMesstechnik GmbH, Warthestraße 21, D14513 Teltow / Berlin, Germany. The GFM Primos optical profiler includes a compact optical measurement sensor based on the micro mirror projection, which comprises the following main components: a) A DMD projector with 1024 X 768 micro direct mirrored mirrors; b) a CCD camera with a different resolution (1300 X 1000 pixels); c) an optical projection adapted to a measuring area of at least 27 X 22 mm; and d) an eving optic adapted to a measuring area of at least 27 X 22 mm; a table ipod based on a small stone plate; a source of cold light; a computer for measurement, control and evaluation; measurement, control and evaluation software ODSCAD 4.0, English version; and adjustment probes for lateral (x-y) and vertical (z) calibration. The GFM Primos optical profiler measures the surface area of a sample using the technique of digital mirror projection. The result of the analysis is a surface alfura map of (z) and displacement xy. The system has a visual field of 27 X 22 mm with a resolution of 21 microns. The height resolution should be set between 0.10 and 1.00 miera. The alíura iníervalo is 64,000 times the resolution. To measure the sample of the fibrous structure, the following should be done: 1. Turn on the cold light source. The cold light source settings should be 4 and C showing on the 3000K pan; 2. Turn on the computer, monitor and printer and open the software ODSCAD 4.0 Cousins. 3. Select the "Siart Measurement" icon from the Cousins taskbar and then click on the "Live Pie" button. 4. Place a 30 mm by 30 mm sample of a fibrous conditioned conditioning product for two hours at a temperature of approximately 23 ° C ± 1 ° C (73 ° F ± 2 ° F) and a relative humidity of 50% ± 2% under the projection head and adjust the distance to achieve a better image definition. 5. Press the "Pattern" button repeatedly to project one of the different focusing pads to achieve the best focus (the software reticle should align with the projected reticle when the optimal focus is reached). Place the projection head in a normal position with respect to the surface of the sample. 6. Adjust the brightness of the image by changing the aperture of the lens through a hole 1 to the head of the projector or by changing the gain setting of the camera in the pan. The gain should not be reconfigured to more than 7 to control the amount of electronic noise. When the lighting is optimal, the red circle on the bottom of the pan with the indication "I.O." it will turn green 7. Select the measuring surface Technical Surface / Rough (Technical / rough surface). 8. Press the "Measure" button. Esío will freeze the live image of the paníalla and at the same time the image will be capíurada and digiíalizada. It is important not to move the sample during this time, to prevent the capitated image from losing definition. The image will be taken in approximately 20 seconds. 9. If the image is satisfactory, save it in a file of the computer with the extension ".orne". This will also save the image file of the camera with the extension ".kam". 10. To transfer the date to the software analysis position, press the "clipboard / man" icon (clipboard / manual). 11. Then press the "Draw Cutting Lines" cone. Be sure to set the active line to line 1. Transfer the reticles to the lowest point on the left side of the image from the screen and click with the mouse. Then move the reticles to the lowest point on the right side of the image on the computer screen on the current line and press the mouse button. Then press the "Align" icon for marked points. Then press the mouse over the lowest point of this line and then press it on the highest point of it. Press the "Vertical" distance icon. Record the measurement of dysentery. Then increase the positive line to the next line and repeat the previous steps until all the lines have been measured (six (6) lines in ioíal). Take the average of all the figures recorded and if the unit is not in microwaves, convert it to mieras (μm). That figure represents the height of the engraving. Repeat this procedure for another image in the sample of the fibrous product and take the average of the engraving heights.

Ratio of the initial compression capacity The data of the bore size is obtained using a Thirty-Albert Model EJA Maerials Tester tester, equipped with a 2000 g load cell and compression equipment. The compression equipment consists of the following: load cell adapter plate, load cell with overload protection of 2000 grams, foot monitor / load cell adapter 2.86 cm (1.128 inches) diameter of the pedal, anvil # 89-14, 89-157 leveling plate, anvil mount, and a holding pin, all available from Thwing-Albert Insírument Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The compression foot has an area of 6.5 square cm (1 square inch).

The instrument operates under the Thwing-Albert Moiion Analysis Software Presension software (MAP V1, 1.6.9). A single sheet of a conditioned sample is cut to a diameter of about 5.1 cm (two inches). The samples are conditioned for a minimum of 2 hours at 73 + 2F and 50 + 2% RH. The test is carried out under the same conditions of temperature and humidity. The sample must be less than 6.35 cm (2.5 inches) diametre (the diameter of the anvil) to avoid interference from the equipment with the sample. Care must be taken to avoid damaging the sample portion of the sample, which will be under test. They can be used or other insírumeníos to cut. For the test, the sample is placed in the center of the compression table under the compression foot. Compression and relaxation damages are obtained using a cross-over speed of 2. 254 cm / minute (0.1 inches / minute). The deviation of the load cell is made by running the instrument in order to solve a problem. Esío is generally known as zero-to-steel dafos. The zero to zero temperatures are at a rate of 0.0127 cm / min (0.005 inch / min). The position data of the crosshead and load cell are recorded between the range of the load cell of 5 grams and 1500 grams for both the compression portion and the relaxation portion of the test. Since the foot area is 6.45 cm2 (one square inch) this corresponds to a ratio of 0.77 g / cm2 (5 grams / square inch) to 9675 g / cm2 (1500 grams / square inch) The maximum pressure exerted on the sample is 9675 g / cm2 (1500 g / square inch) At 9675 g / cm2 (1500 g / square inch) the crosshead reverses its direction of travel. The position values of the crosshead are collected in 31 selected load values during the test. These correspond to pressure values of 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 750, 1000, 1250, 1500, 1250, 1000, 750, 500, 400, 300 , 250, 200, 150, 125, 100, 75, 50, 25, 10 g / 6.45 cm2 (square inch), for the direction of compression and relaxation. During the compression portion of the test, the crossover position values are collected by the MAP software by defining fifteen return traps (Trap 1 to Trap 15) at the load positions of 10, 25, 50, 75 , 100, 125, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 750, 1000, 1250. During the return portion of the test, the crossover position values are collected by the MAP software by defining fifteen return traps (Return_Trap1 to Reíurn_Trap 15) at the loading positions of 1250, 1000, 750, 500, 400, 300, 250, 200, 150, 125, 100, 75, 50, 25, . The first and last ramp is the ramp at the maximum load (1500 g). Again, values for steel for steel and steel are obtained. Steel to steel values are obtained for each batch of the test. If multiple days are involved in the test, the values are verified daily. Steel to steel values are an average of four replicates (1500 g). The caliber values are obtained by resiating the average values of the steel-steel crosshead trap from the cruccete value of the sample at the trap point layer. For example, the averages of the values of the individual repeats are calculated and used to obtain gauge versus load and caliber versus gauge charts.

Log (10) of the load. The initial compression ratio is defined as the absolute value of the initial slope of the caliber versus Log (10) of the load. The value is calculated by taking the first four pairs of damage from the direction of compression of the curve, ie the caliper at 10, 25, 50, and 75 g / 6.45 cm2 (g / square inch) at the beginning of the test. The pressure is converted to the Log (10) of the pressure. Then we obtain a minimum square regression using the four pairs of caliber (y axis) and pressure Log (10) (x axis). The absolute value of the slope of the regression line is the initial compression ratio. The units of the initial compression ratio are mils / (log (10) g / 6.45 cm2 (square inch)). For simplicity purposes the initial compression ratio is reported here without units. The relevant part of the documents cited in the section "Detailed description of the invention" are hereby incorporated by reference and should not be construed that the citation of said documents is the admission that they make up the prior industry with respect to the present invention. . Although the particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It has been intended, therefore, to cover in the appended claims all changes and modifications within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An embossed tissue paper towel product comprising one or more sheets of tissue paper, wherein at least one of the sheets of paper includes a plurality of reliefs in which at least one of the sheets embossed in relief a total area embossed less than or equal to 15% and characterized in that at least one of the sheets has an average relief relief of at least 650 μm, preferably at least 1000 μm, more preferably at least 1250 μm , most preferably at least 1400 μm, and a factor E from 0.6 to 41.6 cm4 by number of reliefs (0.0150 to 1.0000 inches4 by number of reliefs).

2. A paper towel production embossed in accordance with claim 1, further comprising two or more sheets of tissue paper, preferably wherein at least two of the sheets are embossed with one another.

3. A paper towel product embossed in accordance with claim 1, further characterized in that the plurality of reliefs are in a non-random pattern of positive reliefs and a corresponding non-random pattern of negative reliefs, preferably in which the positive pattern as the negative payroll comprises at least one non-random curvilinear subpair, each comprising one or more reliefs.

4. A tissue paper towel product embossed in accordance with claim 3, further characterized in that the non-random curvilinear subpattern comprises a coninuous element.

5. A tissue paper towel product embossed in accordance with claim 4, further characterized in that the non-alloy curvilinear subpattern comprises a plurality of embossing elements.

6. A paper towel production embossed in accordance with claim 5, further characterized by comprising more than one positive subpattern corresponding to the non-alloy pairo of positive reliefs, wherein the distance between the positive subpairs is greater than or equal to than 0.6 cm (0.25 inches), preferably 0.7 cm (0.3 inches), and 1.9 cm (0.75 inches) and less than 2.54 cm (1.00 inches).

7. A paper towel production embossed in accordance with claim 6, further characterized because a negative sub-screen is located between two positive subpairs.

8. A tissue paper towel product embossed, further characterized because the paper towel product has a ratio of the relief pattern to the gauge loaded greater than 1.45 and less than 3.5, preferably greater than 1.60 and less than 3.00.

9. An embossed tissue paper towel product comprising one or more sheets of paper, characterized in that the paper towel product has an initial compression ratio greater than 25, preferably greater than 30.

10. A A paper towel produced in embossed paper comprising one or more sheets of tissue paper, wherein at least one of the sheets of paper includes a plurality of reliefs, characterized in that at least one of the sheets engraved in relief has a average height of the relief of at least 650 μm and has an absorption capacity greater than 21.3 grams per gram.