MXPA06005444A - Industrial two-layer fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

An industrial two-layer fabric having eight upper side warps and eight lower warps are stacked vertically forming upper and lower layers which are bound by a warp binding yarn of these warps. In a repeating unit of the upper layer, one of the warps has repetition of a design in which it passes over one upper side weft, passes under four successive upper side wefts, passes over one upper side weft, and passes under two upper side wefts, and an upper side weft has a design in which it passes over three upper side warps and then passes under one upper side warp to form, on the upper side, a weft long crimp corresponding to three warps, whereby forming an industrial fabric excellent in running stability, surface property and wear resistance.

Description

BICAPA CLOTH, INDUSTRIAL TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION Traditionally, woven fabrics with warps and wefts have been widely used as industrial fabrics. They have been used in various fields, including worm conveyors in papermaking, conveyor belts and filter cloths and require the proper properties for the intended use or for the environment in which they are to be used. . A wire conveyor belt used in the production of paper in the step of removing water from raw materials using the reticulate of a fabric, this fabric must meet very stringent requirements. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of fabrics that do not transfer the wire brand from the fabric to the paper, and therefore have an excellent surface property, that have sufficient rigidity and consequently that they are still used under environmental conditions. severe, that are able to maintain the necessary conditions to make good quality paper for a long time. In addition, fiber support property, improved paper production, good water drainage property, wear resistance, dimensional stability and during operation are needed. In recent years, due to the increase in speed in the machines that make paper, the requirements for the worm conveyor become more rigorous.

Prior art Since most of the requirements of the industrial fabric and the way in which these are satisfied can be understood by describing a cloth that is used in papermaking, in which "the strictest requirements of the fabrics are imposed". In the case of industrial processes, the present invention will be described below using as a representative example the fabric used in papermaking In a papermaking machine, the increase in paper speed inevitably increases the rate of dehydration so that the dewatering power should be reinforced The examples of the fabric with a good property of dehydration include bilayer fabrics having a dehydration orifice that penetrates from the upper side towards the underside of the fabric. bilayer fabric that uses a woven ligature thread with a weft on the upper side and a weft on the lower side that constitutes a n design on the surface of the upper side and a design on the surface of the underside, to satisfy the surface property, the supporting property of the fibers and the dehydration property that a papermaking cloth is required to have.

In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-36052, a bilayer fabric using a ligature yarn is disclosed. In the fabric that it describes there, some warps work as a ligature thread to warp with it a layer of the upper side and a layer of the lower side. At the same time, two ligation threads forming a pair constitute a portion of a design on the surface of the upper side and a part of the surface of the lower side, complementing each other so that the resulting fabric has a surface property and excellent ligation strength. However, according to the design diagram shown in Examples 1 to 3 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-36052, since the cross-weaving in which the knuckles are formed by the intersection of warps on the upper side on a weft on the upper side, they regularly and continuously adopt a diagonal direction, markings protrude diagonally, which tends to cause marks of the wires on the paper in a diagonal direction. Cross-woven has another problem, that the cross-woven lines present continuously in one direction, so that when used, the wire is inevitably stretched in the direction of the cross-woven lines, and further deforms and undulates the wire, resulting in deterioration of stability during operation.

With respect to the design of the invention, wherein a weft of the upper side passes over three warps on the upper side, and then passes under a warp on the upper side to form a long fold of the weft corresponding to three wefts in "one" upper side, only one third of the design is described where the warp on the upper side passes over a weft on the upper side and then passes under three wefts on the upper independent side of the cross weave or the discontinuous weave on the upper side. pages 15 and 36 of a document that is not a patent "Seni Kogaku II: Orimono" written by Tatsuo Adachi, published by Jikkyo Shuppan.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made taking into account the aforementioned problems. An object of the present invention is to provide, in an industrial bilayer fabric, for ligating, an internal thread instead of an independent ligature thread that does not generate marks in a diagonal direction and that at the same time, has excellent rigidity in the direction diagonal, stability during operation, surface property, fiber support property and wear resistance.

The present invention relates to a bilayer, industrial fabric, which is composed of eight pairs of warps that are obtained by vertically stacking eight warps on the upper side and eight warps on the lower side, and a plurality of wefts on the upper side and wefts on the underside, where at least one of the eight warps on the upper side and eight warps on the lower side works as a ligature thread to bind a layer on the upper side and a layer on the lower side. In the layer on the upper side of the fabric, a warp on the upper side has a repeat design in which the warp passes over a weft on the upper side, passes under four successive wefts on the upper side, passes over a weft on the upper side, and it passes under two wefts on the upper side. A weft on the upper side has a design in which the weft on the upper side passes over three warps on the upper side and then passes under a warp on the upper side to form a long fold of the weft corresponding to three warps on the upper side.

A warp on the upper side and a warp on the underside of at least one of the eight warp pairs on the upper side and the warps on the lower side stacked vertically may be ligature threads that are interlaced with a weft on the side upper and a weft on the lower side to constitute a part of the design of the surface on the upper side and a part of the design of the surface on the lower side. In this case, the ligation yarns forming a pair may be interlaced with the respective frames on the upper side and function together as a warp to constitute a complete design on the upper side on a surface on the upper side, while the ligating threads form a pair that functions as a warp to constitute a design of the surface on the underside also on the surface on the underside.

Alternatively, only one warp on the upper side of at least one of the eight warp pairs on the upper side and the warps on the lower side stacked vertically can be a ligature yarn that is interlaced with a weft on the upper side and a screen on the underside to constitute a part of the design of the surface on the upper side and a part of the design of the surface on the lower side. In this case, in the pair of the ligature thread and a warp on the lower side, the ligature thread (the warp on the upper side) can be woven with a weft on the upper side to function as a warp constituting a complete design on the upper side on a surface on the upper side, while on the surface of the lower side, the ligature thread and the warp on the bottom side work together as warps creating a design on the surface of the bottom side.

On the other hand, only one warp on the underside of at least one of the eight warp pairs on the upper side and the warps on the lower side stacked vertically can be a ligature yarn that is entangled with a weft on the side. upper side and a weft on the lower side to form a part of a design of the surface on the upper side and a part of a design of the surface on the lower side. In this case, in the pair of a ligature thread and a warp on the upper side, the ligature thread (the warp on the underside) and the warp on the upper side are woven with the wefts on the respective upper side and they work together with warps forming a complete design on the upper side on a surface on the upper side, while the ligature yarn functions as a warp forming a design of the surface on the underside on the surface of the lower side.

In the case where the warp on the upper side and the warp on the underside of at least one of the eight warp pairs on the upper side and warps on the lower side stacked vertically will function as the binding yarns, one of the tie yarns can be woven with at least one weft on the upper side to form a surface design on the upper side, below which, the other tie yarn is woven with at least one weft on the upper side to constitute the surface design on the upper side, whereby the ligature yarns forming a pair, complement each other to form the surface design on the upper side and the surface design on the lower side.

The surface design on the upper side may be a discontinuous cross weave. Alternatively, the surface design on the upper side may be a cross weave. The number of frames on the upper side can be 1 to twice the number of frames on the lower side. The warp on the upper side and the warp on the lower side can have equal diameters.

The present invention provides an inner thread for ligating in a bilayer, industrial fabric, instead of an independent ligature thread; an industrial fabric that does not generate marks in diagonal direction and that at the same time, the stiffness in diagonal direction, the stability during operation, the surface property, the supporting property of the fibers and the resistance to wear are excellent.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is the design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 1 of the present invention.

Figures 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 2A-2A and 2B-2B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 1 respectively.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3-3 in the frame 1 'of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is the diagram of the design obtained by adding intersection (float) and direction to a cross-woven line to the design diagram of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a photograph of the surface on the upper side of a woven wire based on the diagram of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 2 of the present invention.

Figures 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 7A-7A and 7B-7B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 6 respectively.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8 in the weft 2 'of Figure 6. Figure 9 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 3 of the present invention.

Figures 10A and 10B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 10A-10A and 10B-10B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 9 respectively.

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 11-11 in the frame 1 'of Figure 9. Figure 12 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 4 of the present invention.

Figures 13A and 13B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 13A-13A and 13B-13B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 12 respectively.

Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 14-14 in the weft 2 'of Figure 12.

Figure 15 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 5 of the present invention.

Figures 16A and 16B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 16A-16A and 16B-16B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 15 respectively.

Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 17-17 in the weft 2 'of Figure 15.

Figure 18 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 6 of the present invention.

Figures 19A and 19B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 19A-19A, 19B-19B and 19C-19C in warps 1, 2 and 3 of Figure 18 respectively.

Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 20-20 in the weft 2 'of Figure 18.

Figure 21 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 7 of the present invention.

Figures 22A and 22B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 22A-22A and 22B-22B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 21 respectively.

Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 23-23 in the weft 2 'of Figure 21.

Fig. 24 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 8 of the present invention.

Figures 25A and 25B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 25A-25A and 25B-25B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 24 respectively.

Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 26-26 in the weft 2 'of Figure 24.

Figure 27 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 9 of the present invention.

Figures 28A and 28B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 28A-28A and 28B-28B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 27 respectively.

Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 29-29 in frame 1 'of Fig. 27.

In the drawings, the numbers 1, 2, ..., 8 indicate warp pairs on the upper side and warps on the lower side, as well as pairs of ligature threads, warp pairs on the upper side and ligature threads, or pairs of warps on the lower side and ligature threads. The numerals 1 ', 2', ..., 16 'indicate frames of the upper side and frames of the lower side.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a bilayer, industrial fabric, which is composed of eight pairs of warps obtained by vertically stacking eight warps on the upper side and eight warps on the lower side, and a plurality of wefts on the upper side and frames on the underside, and has at least one of the eight warps on the upper side and eight warps on the lower side as a ligature thread for ligating a layer on the upper side and a layer on the lower side, characterized in that in the layer on the upper side of the fabric, a warp has a repetition of a design in which it passes over a weft on the upper side, passes under four successive wefts on the upper side, passes over a weft on the upper side and it passes under two wefts on the upper side and a weft on the upper side has a design in which it passes over three warps on the upper side and then passes under an ur. It dies on the upper side to form a long fold of the weft corresponding to three warps on the upper side. For the layer on the upper side thus woven, either cross weave or discontinuous weave can be employed. The fabric of the present invention composed of eight warp pairs obtained by vertically stacking eight warps on the upper side and eight warps on the lower side and a plurality of wefts on the upper side and wefts on the lower side, is useful in the industry because it does not generate diagonal markings and is excellent in performances such as rigidity in diagonal direction, stability during operation and fiber support property.

In the upper side layer, a pattern is repeated where a warp on the upper side passes over a weft on the upper side, passes under four successive wefts on the upper side, passes over a weft on the upper side, and it passes under two wefts on the upper side, so that the stiffness of the wire is improved. In addition, in the upper side layer, a weft on the upper side has a design in which it passes over three warps on the upper side and then passes under a warp on the upper side to form a long fold of the weft that corresponds to three warps on the upper side, so that the resulting fabric has an improved fiber support property. On the other hand, the discontinuous cross weave is preferably adopted as the surface design on the upper side because it makes possible the improvement of the surface property, the diagonal stiffness and the stability during operation.

In the textile industry, the term "cross weaving" means the interlacing having a complete design composed of at least three warps and at least three wefts and where diagonal lines appear at the intersections (floating) where the warps float continuously. It also covers the fabric in which diagonal lines appear at intersections where the frames float continuously. The cross weave with more warps that we see on the surface is called the warp face, while the weave crossed with predominant wefts is called the weft face. Cross weaving is, in other words, a fabric where the design of the warps or wefts changes uniformly and continuously and those floating on the surface are ordered regularly without interruption. The floats are ordered regularly and continuously in the direction of a cross-woven line so that the diagonal markings occur easily, a wire by itself tends to be stretched in one direction and the stiffness in the direction of a cross-woven line tends to be reduced The term "discontinuous crossover" means the fabric in which the direction of a diagonal line is reversed every certain number of yarns. In other words, it is the fabric where the design of the warps or wefts is not changed uniformly but the direction of a cross-woven line is reversed when a number of cross-woven lines are formed. By employing this discontinuous cross-weave, the regularity of the arrangement of the floats on the surface breaks every certain number of yarns so that diagonal markings hardly occur on the surface of the fabric, a wire does not stretch in a limited direction , and a wire does not undulate but works with stability.

In ordinary crossover fabric, the diagonal lines appear continuously only in a certain direction, while in the discontinuous crossover fabric, diagonal lines of different angle exist. In the typical example of the present invention, the cross-woven lines in the right and left directions alternately appear every four yarns so that a clear diagonal line does not appear as in the cross-woven fabric. On the other hand, the cross-woven lines in the right and left directions do not connect with each other. When the end point of a cross-woven line corresponds to four yarns in the left direction it is brought into contact with the starting point of another cross-woven line in the right direction and the end point of another cross-woven line in the right direction is placed in contact with the starting point of another cross-woven line in the left direction, and thus, these cross-woven lines are connected to each other, the deterioration in the stiffness of a wire in one direction can be prevented as well as the generation of the diagonal markings that otherwise occur in the cross weave, but the crossed lines in the shape of a dog's foot protrude and their marks clearly appear. Therefore, in the present invention, the starting point of a cross-woven line and the terminal point of another cross-woven line do not come into contact with each other in order to suppress the generation of marks caused by the adoption of discontinuous cross woven.

The term "knuckle" as used in the present, means an intersection formed by a warp and a weft crossed with each other. In the present invention, the term "knuckle" is defined as follows. On the upper side, the name of a thread, that is, warp or weft, crossing over another thread, that is, weft or warp, is known as a knuckle. According to this, a knuckle in which a warp on the upper side crosses over a weft on the upper side is called a "warp knuckle on the upper side". In the lower part, on the other hand, the name of a thread, that is, warp or weft, crossing under another thread, that is to say weft or warp, is known as a knuckle. Accordingly, a knuckle where a warp on the underside crosses under a weft on the underside is called a "warp knuckle on the underside". A float of a strand between two adjacent knuckles is called a "fold". Accordingly, a fold of the weft is formed between two warp knuckles formed by a weft and two different warps.

According to the design of the present invention, a weft on the upper side passes over three warps on the upper side and then passes under a weft on the upper side to form a long fold of the weft corresponding to three warps on the side higher. However, the conventional example or the document that is not patent, discloses that a long fold of the weft corresponding to three warps can not be formed without employing a 1/3 design in which a warp on the upper side passes over a warp. raster on the upper side and then passes under three frames on the upper side. By adopting a 1/4 - 1/2 design for warps, a fabric superior in wire stiffness can be formed to a fabric that adopts a 1/3 warp pattern while forming a long fold of the weft corresponding to three warps whose fold provides good support property of the fibers.

When a warp has a '1/3 design in repetition, the strength of the interlacing is constant throughout the warp.

On the other hand, when a warp has a 1 / 4-1 / 2 design in repetition, the strength of the interlacing becomes greater than that of the 1/3 design. A design warp 1 / 4-1 / 2 contains a design portion in which a warp on the upper side passes over a weft on the upper side and then passes under two wefts on the upper side. In this case, the distance between two adjacent knuckles is close, so that the force of the interlacing becomes greater, resulting in an improvement of the wire stiffness. The smaller the distance between two adjacent knuckles, which are formed when a warp crosses a weft, passes under some wefts and then crosses over a weft, the strength of the interlacing is greater. The greater the distance, the less the force of the interlacing. This provides an explanation of the high stiffness of a fabric with flat weave. The distance between two adjacent knuckles is smaller in the 1/4 - 1/2 design than in the 1/3 design, so that the wire stiffness has improved.

The industrial bilayer fabric of the present invention is composed of eight pairs of warps that are obtained by vertically stacking eight warps on the upper side and eight warps on the lower side, and a plurality of wefts across the top surface and frames on the lower side; and use at least one of the eight warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side as a ligature yarn to tie a weft on the upper side and a weft on the lower side.The term "ligature yarn" means a warp to intertwine an upper side and a lower side weft to form a portion of a lower side surface design.

The ligature yarn is arranged as follows: a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side of at least one pair of the eight pairs of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side stacked vertically, they are used as a ligature thread, in other words, two ligature threads form at least one pair; at least one of the warps on the upper side, of eight warp pairs on the upper side and a warp on the lower side stacked vertically, is used as a binding yarn, in other words, a ligature yarn and a warp in the lower side forms a pair; at least one of the warps on the underside, of the eight pairs of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side stacked vertically, is used as a ligature thread, in other words, a binding thread and a Warp on the upper side form a pair. The ligation yarn used as a pair is preferred because the pair can complement a surface design on the upper side and a design of the surface on the lower side, and show a binding effect without destroying it.

In the pair of ligature yarn and a warp on the underside, the ligature yarn is woven with a weft on the upper side and functions as a warp that constitutes a complete design on the upper side on the upper side surface, while on the underside, the ligature thread and the warp on the underside function together as a warp constituting a surface design on the underside.

In the pair of a ligature yarn and a warp on the upper side, the ligature yarn and the warp on the upper side are woven with respect to wefts on the upper side and function together as a warp constituting a complete design in the upper side on the surface of the upper side, while on the lower side, the ligature thread and the weft on the lower side are woven together to function as a warp constituting a design of the surface on the underside.

The ligature thread and the warp on the upper side are woven with the respective upper side wefts for the following reason: when the warp on the upper side and the ligature thread are woven with the same weft on the upper side, the warp on the upper side and the warp yarn are adjacent to each other and are woven with a weft of the upper side simultaneously, so that the space of water drainage in that part becomes narrower than that of the other parts and It changes the property of draining the water, which facilitates the generation of dehydration marks. Therefore, the ligature thread and the warp on the upper side are preferably woven with the respective top side wefts. For a similar reason, it is preferable that on the surface of the lower side, the ligature thread and the warp on the lower side are woven with the respective bottom side wefts.

This also applies to the pair of a ligature yarn and a warp on the underside, and the pair of ligature yarns employed instead of the warp 'on the upper side and the warp on the underside.

In the fabric of the present invention, the ligature is achieved by a ligature thread. The thread that serves as a ligature thread is a warp in a constant direction under tension. Compared with a conventional thin weft ligature yarn, it has a very strong power to bind the top side layer and the bottom side layer and has good adhesion.

Accordingly, problems such as weakening of the binding power occur due to the internal use caused by the friction between these two layers, the appearance of a space between the layers and the sparse separation of two layers. In addition, since an additional ligature yarn is not necessarily different from a weft ligature yarn, it is "possible to increase the weft count of the wefts, or to widen the diameter of a weft, which leads to the improvement of the rigidity of the weft. all the fabric.

No particular limitation is imposed on the complete design of the lower side composed of a ligature thread, a warp on the underside and a weft on the underside. For example, it may be a 3/1 design in which a warp on the bottom side passes under a bottom side weft, and then passes over three successive wefts on the bottom side, or a 4/1 -2 / 1 in which a warp on the underside passes over four frames on the underside, passes under a weft on the underside, passes over two wefts on the underside, and then passes under a weft on the underside. On the other hand, a fabric with excellent wear resistance can be obtained by changing the aforementioned design 4/1 - 2/1, as necessary to form a long fold of the weft on the underside. Thus, the design can be selected as necessary, depending on the purpose of its use or its application. As a full warp design conforming to the full design of the bottom side, one or more [sic] can be used. For example, a complete warp design that forms the complete design of the bottom side, has a 3/1 design alternating with a 4/1 - 2/1 design. If necessary, another design can be selected.

Although no particular limitation is imposed on a proportion of the number of ligating threads, it is a thread that functions as a ligature thread, so that at least one ligature thread must be placed. The fabric of the present invention has eight warps on the upper side and eight warps on the lower side stacked vertically so that the four warp pairs on the upper side and one warp on the lower side, out of the eight pairs, they are replaced with pairs of ligating threads and the pair of ligating threads and the pair of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side can be accommodated alternately; or the pair of a ligature thread and a warp on the underside, and the pair of a warp on the upper side and a warp on the lower side can be accommodated in a ratio of 1: 3. The number of ligation yarn pairs or the number of ligation yarns can be increased to improve the ligation strength. All the warps of the eight pairs can serve as a ligature thread. The proportion of ligating threads can be selected as necessary, depending on the conditions of the fabric, the purpose of its use, or the like.

A ratio of a top side frame and a bottom side frame may be: 1: 1, 2: 1, 3: 2 or the like. In 2: 1 or 3: 2 means that the upper side wefts are more densely weighted than the wefts on the lower side, the wear resistance is improved on the fabric because the diameter of the bottom side weft can be increase easily.

In the present invention, no particular limitation is imposed on a strand to be used and can be selected freely depending on the desired properties of the industrial fabric. Examples of this include, in addition to the monofilaments, multifilaments, spun yarns, finished strands subjected to crimping or bulges such as so-called textured strands, bulked strands and stretched strands, shenille strands and strands obtained by interlacing them. Like the cross section of the strand, it can be used not only circular but also square, or a short form like that of a star, or elliptical or hollow form. The material of the strand can be selected freely, examples which can be used include polyester, nylon, phenylene polysulfide, vinylidene polyfluoride, ethylene tetra fluoride, polypropylene, aramid, polyether ether ketone, ethylene polynaphthalate, cotton, wool , and metal. Of course, strands obtained using copolymers or incorporating or mixing the aforementioned material with a selected substance depending on the intended use can be used.

Like the warps on the upper side, warps on the lower side, the wefts on the upper side, the use of a polyester monofilament having excellent stiffness and dimensional stability is preferred. The wefts on the underside that need resistance to wear, are able to have improved wear resistance without losing their stiffness by alternating arrangement of the polyester monofilaments and the polyamide monofilaments and interlacing them. It is also possible to place a plurality of strands with the same design in a position where a single strand is normally placed considering the design. The improvement in surface property and the thinning of the fabric can be achieved by accommodating a plurality of strands having a small diameter.

When the number of frames on the upper side is 1 to 2 times the number of frames on the lower side, the diameter of the lower side frames can be increased, which is effective to improve wear resistance and is therefore preferable.

When the diameter of the warp on the upper side and that of the warp on the lower side are equal, a warp that serves as a ligature thread can form a surface design like a warp without destroying the surface property on the upper side .

Examples Next, examples of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24 and 27 are design diagrams illustrating the complete design of the examples of the present invention. The term "complete design" as used herein, means a minimal repeater unit of a fabric design and a complete fabric design is formed by connecting this complete design in a manner throughout. In these design diagrams, the warps are indicated by Arabic numerals, for example 1, 2, and 3, while the frames are indicated by Arabic numerals with a prime, for example 1 ', 2' and 3 '.

In these diagrams, the marking of an "x" in a box means that a warp on the upper side is on a weft on the upper side, a "•" mark on a box indicates that a warp on the lower side is found by below "" give a plot on the lower side; a "•" mark in a box indicates that a ligature thread is on a weft on the upper side; a "o" mark on a square indicates that a ligature thread lies below a weft on the underside; a "•" mark on a box indicates that the ligature thread is on a weft on the upper side; and a "•" mark indicates that a ligature thread lies below a weft on the underside.

The warps and wefts on the upper side are superimposed vertically with warps and wefts on the underside, respectively. In the design diagram, the strands are vertically superimposed in a precise manner, and the warps and wefts on the upper side have, correctly below them, warps and wefts on the underside, respectively. The "strands" are stretched as appropriate to the drawing and misalignment is allowed on the actual fabric.

Example 1 Figure 1 is a design diagram showing a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 1 of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2A-2A and 2B-2B in warps 1 and 2 of Fig. 1 respectively, while Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along of line 3-3 in a frame 1 'of figure 1. Figure 4 is a diagram of the design obtained by adding an intersection (floating) and the direction of a cross-weaving line to the design diagram of figure 4, and Figure 5 is a photograph of the surface of the upper side of a woven wire based on the design diagram of Figure 1.

In the design diagram of figure 1, warps 1, 3, 5 and 7 of eight warp pairs 1-8 on the upper side and warps 1-8 of the lower side stacked vertically are warp pairs on the upper side which form a surface on the upper side and the warps on the lower side that form a surface on the bottom side stacked vertically, while the warps 2, 4, 6 and 8 are pairs of ligature threads that are woven with wefts on the bottom side. upper side and wefts on the lower side to form a portion of a surface design on the upper side and a part of the surface design on the lower side. The frames indicated by 1 ', 2', 3 ', ..., 16' are frames on the upper side and frames on the lower side. The frames on the underside are placed below the frames on the upper side of the odd number 1 ', 3', 5 ', - M5, this means that their density is half of those frames on the upper side. The ligatures 2, 4, 6 and 8 are each a strand for weaving a layer - on the upper side and a layer on the lower side and do not interrupt the design of the surface, because they complement one another to form the surface design on the upper side by looking over the upper side frames at the points shown with the "•" and "•" marks in figure 1 and the surface design of the lower side appearing below of the wefts on the underside at the points shown with the marks "•" and "•" in figure 1. The pairs of two ligature yarns 2, 4, 6, and 8 and the pairs of the warps of the upper side and the warps of lower side 1, 3, 5, and 7 are placed alternately.

A warp on the upper side 1, 3, 5 or 7 of the example shown in figure 1 has a "1 / 4-1 / 2 design in which it passes over a weft on the upper side at a point shown by the mark" x "in a box, it passes under four successive frames on the upper side at the points shown by four blank squares consecutively followed, passes over a frame on the upper side at a point that is shown by a box that follows it one "x" mark and then passes under two wefts on the upper side at points shown following two consecutive blank cubes.Described specifically, as shown in Figures 1 and 2A, warp 1 on the upper side passes on the frame V on the upper side, passes under four frames 2 3 4 ', and 5', passes over the frame 6 'on the upper side, and passes under two frames 1' and 8 'on the side A knuckle distance is short in a 1/2 design so that it has better wire stiffness.

The conventional example or the unpatented document describes, as a design to form a long fold of the weft corresponding to three warps on an upper side, only a 1/3 design in which a warp on the upper side passes over a weft on the upper side and then passes under three frames on the upper side. The weaving power of a warp formed by the repetition of a 1/3 'design is constant, but is smaller than the weaving power of a warp formed by the repetition of the 1 / 4-1 / 2 designs according to the present invention. When a warp has a 1 / 4-1 / 2 design, a warp has a 1/2 portion of the design in which it passes over a weft on the upper side and passes under two wefts on the upper side. In this part, the distance between knuckles is short, which increases the tissue power and therefore improves the rigidity of the wire.

A pattern on the upper side passes over three warps on the upper side and then passes under a warp on the upper side to form a long fold of the weft corresponding to three warps on the upper side. As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the weft 1 'passes under the warp 1 on the upper side and then passes over the warp on the upper side and the ligating yarns 2, 3, and 4, thus having a design 1/3 A fold of length of the weft corresponding to three warps is formed on the upper side so that the upper side layer has good fiber support property.

The design of the surface on the upper side using discontinuous crossover fabric, may have better surface properties, diagonal stiffness, stability during operation, compared to that used by the cross weave. According to the document that is not patent, the term "cross-weaving" means the fabric that has a complete design composed of at least three warps and at least three wefts and in which diagonal lines appear highlighted at the intersections (floating) where the warps float continuously. It also includes weaving where diagonal lines appear at intersections where the patterns float continuously. The weave crossed with more intersections of warps that those floating wefts on the surface called warp face, that with wefts predominating, weft face. Cross weaving is, in other words, woven where the design of warps or wefts is changed in a uniform and continuous way and the floating ones exist continuously without interruption and settle in a regular way. The floats are arranged in a regular and continuous manner in the direction of a cross-woven line so that the diagonal markings can be easily generated, a wire in itself tends to be stretched in one direction and the stiffness in the direction of a line of crossed tissue tends to decrease.

The term "discontinuous cross-weaving" means that in the fabric the direction of a diagonal line is reversed every certain number of strands. In other words, is the fabric where the design of the warps and the wefts is not changed in a regular manner but the direction of a line of fabric is reversed when a certain number of crossed fabric lines are formed. When using this discontinuous cross-weave, the regularity of the arrangement of the floats on the surface is interrupted every certain number of strands so that the markings in the diagonal direction on the surface of the fabric are hardly given. On the other hand, a wire is not stretched in a limited direction, and a wire does not undulate but works stably.

In the example of figure 1, a long fold of the weft is formed on the upper side, which corresponds to three warps. This design does not change in a uniform way, but the direction of the cross-weaving line changes every four strands, so that the pattern thus obtained is a discontinuous weave pattern (faced).

The ellipses in figure 4 of this example indicate (floating) intersections floating continuously, and the arrows in figure 4 and the arrows drawn in the photograph of the surface of a woven wire in figure 5 indicate the direction and length of the diagonal lines formed by a discontinuous crossed fabric. In conventional cross weave, the diagonal lines appear continuously in a certain direction, while in the discontinuous cross weave, diagonal lines with different angles appear. With respect to Figure 4, a float is formed in the direction of the weft corresponding to three warps by crossing the weft 3 'on the upper side over the warps on the upper side and the ligatures 5, 6 and 7; they are respectively floating in the direction of the weft, by crossing the weft 4 'on the upper side on the warp on the upper side and the ligating threads 4, 5 and 6, the weft 5' on the upper side crossing over the warps on the upper side and the ligating threads 3, 4 and 5, and the weft 6 'on the upper side crossing over the warp on the upper side and the ligating threads 2, 3 and 4, by which it is formed a cross-woven line in the left direction corresponding to the four strands. In addition, the floats corresponding to three warps are formed in the direction of the weft by crossing the weft 1 'of the upper side on the warp on the upper side and the binding threads 4, 5 and 6. The floats in the direction of the weft are they form by the weft 8 'on the upper side crossing over the warps of the upper side and the ligating threads 5, 6 and 7, the weft 9' on the upper side crossing over the warp on the upper side and the threads of ligature 6, 7 and 8 and the weft 10 'on the upper side crossing over the warps on the upper side and the ligating strands 7, 8 and 1, respectively. A continuous line of "cross-weaving, corresponding to four strands, in the right direction, opposite the cross-woven line described above, is formed.The direction of the crossed line changes every four strands so that no clear line is observed. diagonal line conforms form in a cross weave.

Next, diagonal lines with different angles are described using the arrow in figure 4, which is drawn in the center of the ellipse showing the part of a float and indicates the direction of a cross-woven line. From the cross-woven line with the left direction corresponding to four strands and extending from the intersection between the weft 3 'on the upper side and the ligature thread 6 to the intersection between the weft 6' on the side upper and warp 3 on the upper side, and on the cross-woven line with right direction corresponding to four threads and extending from the intersection between the weft 7 'on the upper side and the warp 5 on the side higher than the intersection between the weft 10 'on the upper side and the ligature thread 8, it is understood that the end point of cross-woven fabric with left direction formed by the weft 6' on the upper side and the warp 3 in the upper side has no contact with the starting point of the cross-woven line with the right direction formed by the weft 7 'on the upper side and the warp 5 on the upper side. cross weave with di The left-hand direction corresponds to four strands, it is put in contact with the starting point of a cross-woven line with the right direction, and the starting point of the cross-woven line with the right direction is put in contact with the starting point of another cross-woven line with left-hand direction, and these cross-woven lines are connected to each other, the cross-legged line in the shape of a dog's foot can be suppressed and its mark protrudes even if the stiffness of the wire in one direction is reduced and diagonal markings are generated, which otherwise they will come out in the cross weave. In this example, contact between the end point of a cross-woven line and the starting point of a subsequent cross-woven line is avoided in order to suppress the influence of the marks resulting from the deformation of a line of tissue crossed.

As a result, the marks in the diagonal direction do not appear, the ease with which a wire is stretched towards one direction is prevented, and the wire has good stability during operation without undulating during operation.

One of the ligation yarns forming a pair is woven with at least one weft on the upper side to form a surface pattern, below which the other ligation yarn is woven with a weft on the lower side, while One of the ligation threads is woven with a weft on the lower side, on which the other ligation threads are woven with at least one weft on the upper side, thereby forming together the surface design on the upper side which is similar to the 1 / 4- 1/2 design formed by a warp on the underside. The design on the underside is similar to that which is formed by the warp on the underside. As shown in Figures 1 and 2B, one of the ligation threads 2 forming a pair passes over the weft 2 'on the upper side, passes under the wefts 3' and 4 'on the upper side, and it passes over the weft 5 'on the upper side, under which the other ligature thread is woven with the weft 5' of the lower side; while one of the ligature threads is woven with the weft 13 'on the underside, on which, the other ligature thread passes over the weft 10' on the upper side, passes under the wefts 11 'and 12' "on the upper side, and then cross over the weft 13 'on the upper side.As the design of the surface on the upper side is formed with a 1 / 4-1 / 2 design, and as the design of the surface on the bottom side is formed with a 3/1 design, so the ligation yarns 2, 4, 6 and 8 that form a pair, complement each other to form the design of the surface on the upper side and the design of the the surface on the bottom side.

A warp on the lower side passes over three wefts on the lower side and then passes under a weft on the lower side, forming a 3/1 design in this way. Since a tie yarn and a warp on the bottom side simultaneously weave a weft on the bottom side from the bottom side, in the resulting fabric the rigidity is improved, and the formation of a long fold of the weft corresponds to six Warps on the underside on the underside surface, allows the improvement of wear resistance. As shown in Figure 1, the ligature yarn 2 and the warp on the adjacent underside 3, weave simultaneously the wefts 5 'and 13' on the underside in the squares with "•" and "•" from the bottom side; thus the wefts 5 'and 13' on the lower side pass over the ligature yarn 2 and the warp on the lower side 3. Then, they pass under six successive warps on the lower side and the ligating yarns 4, 5 , 6, 7, 8 and 1 in the blank boxes and the boxes with "•", which suggests the formation of a long fold of the grid that corresponds to six warps on the lower side.

By employing the above-described designs of the present invention, stiffness, diagonal stiffness, wear resistance and surface property have improved in the fabric; no marks are generated in the diagonal direction, and it has excellent wire stability during operation, and the fiber support property.

Example 2 Figure 6 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 2 of the present invention. Figures 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 7A-7A and 7B-7B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 6 respectively, while Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines of FIG. along line 8-8 in frame 2 'of figure 6.

In the design diagram of figure 6, eight pairs of warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side stacked vertically, the pairs indicated by 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 are those of warps on the side upper and warps on the lower side, and the pairs indicated by 2 and 6 are pairs of ligature threads.

In the pair 2 of the ligating threads, as shown in Fig. 7B, the first ligating thread 2B_? which is shown in a solid line, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the 1 'frame of the upper and lower side, passes over the 2' weft on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the layer of the lower side in the frames 3 'and 4' of the upper and lower side, passes over the weft 5 'on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 6' a 11 'of the upper and lower side, passes below the weft 12' on the lower side, and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 13 'to 16' of the upper and lower side, while the second ligature yarn 2B-2 shown in a dashed line passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 1 'and 3' of the upper and lower side, passes under the weft 4 ' from the lower side, it passes between the top side layer and the bottom side layer in the 5 'to 9' frames on the upper side and lower, passes over the weft 10 'of the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 11' and 12 'of the upper and lower side, passes over the weft 13' on the upper side and it passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 14 'to 16' of the upper and lower side. Thus, the pair 2 of the ligating threads, on the surface of the upper side, together form the design of the surface on the upper side similar to that formed by another warp on the upper side.

These pairs 2 and 6 of ligating threads, and pairs 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 of warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 1: 3. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 2: 1. In a similar manner to Example 1, the ligating strands 2 and 6 are strands for weaving the layer on the upper side and the layer on the lower side. The ligating threads 2 and 6 form a pair complementary to each other to form the design of the surface on the upper side and the design of the surface on the lower side, so that they do not interrupt the design of the surface. A 1 / 4-1 / 2 design used for the frames on the upper side, improves wire stiffness, while a 3/1 design used for the frames on the upper side, contributes to the formation of a fabric having a Excellent fiber support property. In addition, the adoption of discontinuous cross weave avoids the generation of diagonal lines and thus avoids the generation of marks in the diagonal direction and the undulation of the wire. On the other hand, using a 3/1 design for the layer on the underside and with the formation of a long fold of the weft corresponding to three warps on the surface of the underside, the resulting fabric has excellent wear resistance and improves the rigidity of it, as well as the diagonal rigidity.

Example 3 Figure 9 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 3 of the present invention. Figures 10A and 10B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 10A-10A and 10B-10B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 9 respectively, while Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines of FIG. along line 11-11 in frame 1 'of figure 9.

In the design diagram of Figure 9, of the eight pairs of warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side stacked vertically, the pairs indicated by 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 are those of the warps in the upper side and the warps on the lower side, and the pairs indicated by 2 and 6 are those of the ligating threads.

In pair 2 of the ligature yarns, as shown in Figure 10B, the first ligature yarn 2B-? which is shown in a dashed line, it passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the 1 'weft of the upper side, passes over the weft 2' on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 3 'and 4' on the upper and lower side, passes over the weft 5 'on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 6' to 8 'on the upper side, passes below the frame 9 'on the lower side, it passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer at. the wefts 10 'to 13' on the upper and lower side, passes below the weft '14' on the lower side, and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in wefts 15 'and 16' on the upper and lower side, while the second ligating thread 2B-2 shown on a solid line passes below the weft 1 'on the lower side, between the upper side layer and the lower side layer on the lower side. frames 2 'to 5' on the upper and lower side, passes below the weft 6 'on the lower side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 7' to 9 'on the side upper and lower, passes over the weft 10 'on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 11' and 12 'on the upper and lower side, passes over the weft 13' in the upper side and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 14 'to 16' on the upper and lower side. Thus, the pair 2 of the ligating threads together form, on the surface of the upper side, the design of the surface on the upper side similar to that formed by other warps on the upper side.

The pairs of ligatures 2 and 6 and pairs 1, 3 to 5, 7 and 8 of the warps on the upper side and the warps on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 1: 3. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 1: 1. A 1 / 4-1 / 2 design is adopted for the warps on the upper side so that the stiffness of the wire is improved, while a 3/1 design is adopted for wefts on the upper side so that a fold is formed length of the weft corresponding to three warps on the surface of the upper side and the resulting fabric has excellent fiber support property. In addition, the use of discontinuous cross-weave prevents the generation of diagonal lines and thus avoids the generation of marks in the diagonal direction and the undulation of the wire. On the other hand, due to the use a 4/1 - 2/1 design for the warp on the underside and with the appropriate change to form a long fold of the weft corresponding to three warps on the underside on the side surface Bottom, the resulting fabric, has excellent wear resistance. The discontinuous crossover fabric is also used for the bottom side so that a line of fabric crossed on this side is opposite to that on the top side. Consequently, the resulting fabric has excellent diagonal stiffness, and stability during wire operation.

Example 4 Figure 12 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 4 of the present invention. Figures 13A and 13B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 13A-13A and 13B-13B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 12 respectively. While Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 14-14 in the frame 2 'of Figure 12.

In the design diagram of Figure 12, of the eight pairs of warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side stacked vertically, the pairs indicated by 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 are those of the warps in the upper side and the warps on the lower side, and the pairs indicated by 2 and 6 are those of the ligating threads.

In pair 2 of the ligature yarns, as shown in Figure 13B, the first ligature yarn 2B-? shown in a dashed line, it passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the 1 'side of the upper side, passes over the 2' side on the upper side, passes between the top side layer and the layer of the lower side in the frames 3 'and 4' on the upper and lower side, passes over the weft 5 'on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 6' to 9 'on the upper side, it passes under the weft 10' on the lower side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 11 'and 12' on the upper and lower side, passes over the weft 13 'on the upper side, and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 14' and 16 'on the upper and lower side, while the second ligation thread 2B-2 shown in FIG. a solid line passes below the weft 1 'on the lower side, passes under the weft 2' on the lower side, passes between the layer of the upper side and the lower side layer in the wefts 3 'to 5' on the upper and lower side, passes below the weft 6 'on the lower side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the frames 7 'to 9' on the upper side, it passes over the weft 10 'on the upper side, it passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 11' to 13 'on the upper side, it passes under the weft 14 'on the lower side and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 15' and 16 'on the upper side. Thus, the pair 2 of the ligating threads together form, on the surface of the upper side, the design of the surface on the upper side similar to that formed by another warp on the upper side.

The pairs of ligatures 2 and 6 and pairs 1, 3 a , 7 and 8 of the warps on the upper side and the warps on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 1: 3. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 2: 1. If a 1 / 4-1 / 2 design is used for the warps on the upper side, it improves the stiffness of the wire, while if a 3/1 design is used, for wefts on the upper side, "this contributes to the formation of a fiber that has an excellent fiber support property.In addition, the use of discontinuous crossover fabric prevents the generation of diagonal lines and thus avoids the generation of marks in the diagonal direction and the ripple of the wire. Highlighting is employed for the lower side layer, the resulting fabric has improved wire rigidity and stability during operation.

Example 5 Figure 15 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 5 of the present invention. Figures 16A and 16B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 16A-16A and 16B-16B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 15 respectively, while Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines of FIG. along the line 17 in the frame 2 'of figure 15.

In the design diagram of Figure 15, of the eight pairs of warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side stacked vertically, the pairs indicated by 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 are those of the warps in the upper side and the warps on the lower side, and the pairs indicated by 2 and 6 are those of the ligating threads.

In the pair 2 of the ligature yarns, as shown in Figure 16B, the first ligature yarn 2B-? which is shown in a solid line, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the upper side frame lf, passes over the 2 'frame on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the layer from the lower side in the frames 3 'to 6' on the upper side, it goes under the weft 7 'on the lower side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 8' to 11 ' on the upper side, it passes under the weft 12 'on the lower side, and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 13' to 16 'on the upper side, while the second weft yarn ligature 2B-2 shown in a dashed line passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the 1 'frame on the upper side, passes under the 2' weft on the lower side, passes between the layer of the upper side and the layer of the lower side in the frames 3 'and 4' on the upper side, passes over the weft 5 'on the upper side r, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 6 'to 9' on the upper side, passes over the weft 10 'on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the outer layer. lower side in the frames 11 'and 12' on the upper side, passes over the weft 13 'on the upper side and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 14' to 16 'on the side higher. Thus, the pair 2 of the ligating threads together form, on the surface of the upper side, the design of the surface on the upper side similar to that formed by another warp on the upper side.

The pairs of ligatures 2 and 6 and pairs 1, 3 to 5, 7 and 8 of the warps on the upper side and the warps on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 1: 3. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a 4: 3 ratio. If a design is used - for the warps on the upper side, the stiffness of the wire is improved, while if a 3/1 design is used, for wefts on the upper side, this contributes to the formation of a fabric having an excellent support property of the fibers. further, the use of discontinuous crossover fabric prevents the generation of diagonal lines and in this way, the generation of marks in the diagonal direction and the wire undulation is avoided. On the other hand, due to the use of a 3/1 design for the warps on the underside and to the appropriate change to form a long fold of the weft corresponding to six warps on the underside on the surface of the underside, the The resulting fabric has excellent wear resistance.

Example 6 Figure 18 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 6 of the present invention. Figures 19A, 19B and 19C are cross-sectional views taken along lines 19A-19A, 19B-19B and 19C-19C in warps 1, 2 and 3 of Figure 18 respectively, while Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 20-20 in frame 2 'of figure 18.

In the design diagram of Figure 18, of the eight pairs of warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side stacked vertically, the pairs indicated by 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 are those of the warps in the upper side and the warps on the lower side, and the pairs indicated by 2 and 6 are those of the ligating threads.

In pair 2 of the ligature yarns, as shown in Figure 19B, the first ligature yarn 2B_? which is shown in a broken line, passes between the top side layer and the bottom side layer in the frames 1 'to 3' of the upper side, passes over the web 4 'on the upper side, passes between the side layer The upper side and the lower side layer in the wefts 5 'and 6' on the upper side, passes over the weft 7 'on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 8' a 11 'on the upper side, passes under the weft 12' on the lower side, and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 13 'to 16' on the upper side, while the second side Ligation yarn 2B-2 shown in a solid line passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the frames 1 'to "3" on the upper side, passes under the 4' weft in the lower side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 5 'to 11' on the upper side, passes over the weft 12 'in the side or higher, it passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 13 'and 14' on the upper and lower side, passes over the weft 15 'on the upper side, and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the frame 16 '. Thus, the pair 2 of the ligating threads together form, on the surface of the upper side, the design of the surface on the upper side similar to that formed by another warp on the upper side.

The pairs of ligatures 2 and 6 and pairs 1, 3 to 5, 7 and 8 of the warps on the upper side and the warps on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 1: 3. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 2: 1. If a 1 / 4-1 / 2 design is used for the warps on the upper side, it improves wire rigidity, while if a 3/1 design is used, for frames on the upper side, this contributes to the formation of a fabric that has excellent fiber support property. The use of discontinuous cross weave prevents the generation of diagonal lines and in this way, the generation of marks in the diagonal direction and the wire undulation is avoided. Three designs are used: design 4/1 -2/1, design 3/1 and design 5 / 1- 1/1 for warps forming the layer on the bottom side and a warp on the bottom side and a ligature thread, or two warps on the underside adjacent one to the other that simultaneously weave a weft on the underside from the underside, which improves the stiffness of the fabric. In addition, due to the formation of a long weft fold, by a warp on the underside, which corresponds to six warps on the underside on the underside surface, the resulting fabric has improved wear resistance.

Example 7 Figure 21 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 7 of the present invention. Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along the warps 1 and 2 of Figure 21, while Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along the weft 2 'of "Figure 21.

In the design diagram of figure 21, of the eight pairs of warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side stacked vertically, the pairs indicated by 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 are those of the warps in the upper side and the warps on the lower side, and the pairs indicated by 2 and 6 are those of the ligature yarns replaced by warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side. The ligating threads are used instead of the warps on the upper side of the pairs 2 and 6, and are woven with the wefts 4 'and 12' on the upper side and on the lower side respectively, to form a part of the design of the weft. the surface on the upper side and a part of the design of the surface on the lower side. In pairs 2, 6 of the binding yarns and warps on the underside, the binding yarns are woven with the wefts on the upper side to serve as warps that constitute the complete design on the upper side on the surface, while on the underside, the ligature threads and the warps on the underside together form the design of the surface on the underside, similar to that formed by another warp on the underside.

In the pair 2 of a ligature thread and a warp on the underside, as shown in Figure 22B, the ligature yarn 2B passes over the weft 2 'on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the layer of the lower side in the frames 3 'and 4' of the upper side, passes over the weft 5 'on the upper side, passes between the layer of the upper side and the layer of the lower side in the wefts 6' and 7 'of the side upper, passes below the weft 8 'on the lower side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the weft 9' of the upper side, passes over the weft 10 'on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 11 'and 12' of the upper side, passes over the weft 13 'on the upper side, and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the upper side. the wefts 14 'to 16' and 1 ', while the warp 2L on the lower side passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 2 'to 15' on the upper side and the frames 2 ', 4', 6 ', 8' 10 '12' and 14 'on the lower side, and passes below the weft 16' on the lower side. Thus, the pair 2 of the warp on the lower side and the binding yarns together form on the surface of the lower side, the design of the surface on the underside similar to that formed by another warp on the underside.

In this example, the pairs 2, 6 of a ligature thread and a warp on the underside, and the pairs 1, 3 to 5, 7 and 8 of the warps on the upper side and the warps on the underside, are accommodated in a 1: 3 ratio. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 2: 1. A 1/4 -2/2 design used in the warps on the upper side improves the stiffness of the wire, while the use of a 3/1 design for the wefts on the upper side contributes to the formation of a fabric with excellent property of fiber support. In addition, the use of discontinuous cross weave prevents the generation of diagonal lines and therefore, prevents the generation of marks in the diagonal direction and the undulation of the wire. The fabric obtained in examples 1 to 6, has at least one pair of ligature yarns in its complete design, however, the fabric obtained in this example, does not have a pair of ligature yarns but has two pairs of ligature threads and a warp on the underside. This fabric having a pair of ligatures and a warp on the underside, as in this example, does not have a lower ligating force.

Example 8 Figure 24 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 8 of the present invention. Figures 25A and 25B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 25A-25A and 25B-25B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 24, while Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines 25A and 25B. line 26-26 in the frame 2 'of figure 24.

In the design diagram of Figure 24, of the eight pairs of warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side stacked vertically, the pairs indicated by 1, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 are those of the warps in the upper side and the warps on the lower side, while the pairs indicated by the 2 and 6 are those of the ligating threads replaced by warps on the lower side and warps on the upper side. The warps on the lower side of the pairs 2 and 6 are replaced by ligature threads that are woven with the upper side wefts and the wefts on the lower side, to form a part of the surface design on the upper side and a part of the design of the surface on the bottom side. In the pairs of ligature threads and a warp on the upper side, the warp on the upper side functions as a warp that must be woven with a weft on the upper side to constitute a complete design on the upper side on the surface of the warp. upper side, while on the lower side, the ligature thread and the warp on the lower side together form the design of the surface on the underside, similar to that formed by another warp on the underside.

In pair 2 of a ligature yarn and a warp on the upper side, as shown in Figure 25B, the ligature yarn 2B passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 1 'to 7 'on the upper side, it passes under the weft 8' on the lower side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the weft 9 'of the upper side, passes over the weft 10' on the upper side , it passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 11 'and 12' of the upper side, passes over the weft 13 'on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 14 'and 15' of the upper side, and passes under the weft 16 'on the lower side, while the warp 20 on the upper side passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the wefts 1 'on the upper side, passes over the 5' weft on the upper side and passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer r in the frames 6 'to 16' on the upper side. Thus, the pair 2 of the warp on the upper side "and the ligating threads together form on the surface of the upper side, the design of the surface on the upper side similar to that formed by another warp on the upper side.

In this example, the pairs 2, 6 of a ligature thread and a warp on the underside, and the pairs 1, 3 to 5, 7 and 8 of the warps on the upper side and the warps on the underside, are accommodated in a 1: 3 ratio. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 2: 1. A 1/4 -1/2 design used in the warps on the upper side improves wire stiffness, while the use of a 3/1 design for the wefts on the upper side contributes to the formation of a fabric with excellent property of fiber support. Likewise, the use of discontinuous cross weave avoids the generation of diagonal lines and, therefore, prevents the generation of marks in the diagonal direction and the wire undulation. Similar to Example 7, the fabric obtained in this example does not have a pair of ligature yarns but has two pairs of ligature yarns and a warp on the upper side. The fabric of this example having pairs of ligating threads and a warp on the upper side, does not have a lower ligating force.

Example 9 Figure 27 is a design diagram illustrating a repeater unit of the complete design of Example 9 of the present invention. Figures 28A and 28B are cross-sectional views taken along lines 28A-28A and 28B-28B in warps 1 and 2 of Figure 27 respectively while Figure 29 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines line 29-29 in frame 1 'of figure 27.

In pair 2 of the ligature yarns, as shown in Fig. 28B, the first ligature yarn 2B-? which is shown in a solid line, passes between the top side layer and the bottom side layer in the 1 'and 2' frames of the upper side, passes over the 3 'web on the upper side, passes between the side layer The upper side and the lower side layer in the frames 4 'to 8' on the upper side, passes below the web 9 'on the lower side, passes between the top side layer and the bottom side layer in the webs 10 'at 15' on the upper side, and passes over the weft 16 'on the upper side, while the second ligating thread 2B_2 which is shown on a broken line passes below the weft 1' on the lower side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the frames 2 'to 7' on the upper side, passes over the weft 8 'on the upper side, passes between the upper side layer and the lower side layer in the frames 9 'and 10' on the upper and lower side, passes over the frame 11 'on the upper side, and passes between the upper side layer and the layer of the lower side in the frame in the frames 12 'to 16' on the upper and lower side. Thus, the pair 2 of the ligating threads together form, on the surface of the upper side, the design of the surface on the upper side similar to that formed by another warp on the upper side.

In the design diagram of Figure 27, of the eight pairs of warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side stacked vertically, the pairs indicated by 1, 3, 5, and 7 are those of the warps on the upper side and the warps on the lower side, and the pairs indicated by 2, 4, 6 and 8 are those of the ligature threads. The pairs 2, 4, 6 and 8 of the ligating threads and the pairs 1, 3, 5, and 7 of the warps on the upper side and the warps on the lower side, are arranged in a ratio of 1: 1. The frames on the upper side and the frames on the lower side are arranged in a ratio of 2: 1.

Unlike the discontinuous crossover fabric used in example 1 to 8, cross-weave is used in this example. In the example of the document 1 of the patent, a 1/3 design is used in which a warp on the upper side passes under three successive wefts on the upper side and then passes over a weft on the upper side for the layer on the upper side. By changing the design so that one web on the top side passes over three successive warps on the top side to form a long fold of the web corresponding to three warps on the top side surface, the resulting web has a web support property. the fibers improved. On the other hand, in the example of the present invention, a 1 / 4-1 / 2 design is used as the design of the surface on the upper side, thereby obtaining a wire stiffness better than that of the example of the document 1 of the Patent. At the same time, the surface property and supporting property of the fibers of the resulting fabric are not inferior to conventional fabric because the design is changed as necessary to form a long fold corresponding to three warps in the fabric. surface of the upper side.

The fabric according to the present invention has excellent stiffness and surface property, as well as wear resistance and stability during operation, so that it is suitable for use as an industrial fabric, for example in the field of paper making Although only a few embodiments exemplifying this invention have been described in detail, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications to the exemplary embodiments are possible, without departing materially from the novel teachings and advantages of this invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all such modifications be included within the scope of this invention.

Claims (9)

1. A two-layer, industrial fabric comprising, in a repeating unit, eight pairs of warps obtained from the vertical stacking of eight warps on the upper side and eight warps on the lower side, a plurality of wefts on the upper side and wefts on the underside , wherein at least one of the eight warps on the upper side and eight warps on the lower side is a ligature thread for ligating a layer of the upper side and a layer on the lower side, wherein: in the upper side layer of the fabric, a first warp on the upper side is disposed on a first warp on the lower side has repetition of a design in which the first warp on the upper side passes over a weft on the upper side, passes under four successive frames on the upper side, passes over a frame on the upper side, and passes under two frames on the upper side; and a first weft on the upper side has a repeat of a pattern in which the first weft on the upper side passes over three warps on the upper side and then passes under a warp on the upper side to form a long weft the plot that corresponds to three warps on the upper side.

2. The industrial bilayer fabric according to claim 1, wherein a second warp on the upper side and a second warp on the lower side of the least one of the eight warp pairs on the upper side and warps on the lower side vertically stacked are ligation threads that are woven with the wefts on the upper side and with the wefts on the lower side to constitute a part of a surface design on the upper side and a part of the design of the surface on the upper side. lower side; and the ligation threads forming a pair are woven with respective top side wefts, and together they function as a warp to form a complete design on the upper side on a surface on the upper side, while the ligation threads that form a pair, function as a warp to form a design of the surface on the underside also on the surface of the underside.

3. The bilayer, industrial fabric according to claim 1, wherein the second warp on the upper side of at least one of the eight warp pairs on the upper sides and the warps on the lower side stacked vertically is a yarn of ligature that is woven with the wefts on the upper side and with the wefts on the lower side to constitute a part of a surface design on the upper side and a part of the design of the surface on the underside; and wherein, the pair of ligating threads and a second warp on the lower side, the ligature thread is woven with the weft on the upper side as a warp constituting a complete design on the upper side on a surface on the side upper, while on the surface of the lower side, the ligating threads and the second warp on the lower side work together as a warp constituting a design of the surface on the underside.

4. The industrial bilayer fabric according to claim 1, wherein a second warp on the underside of at least one of the eight pairs of warps on the upper side and warps on the lower side stacked vertically, is a ligature yarn that it is woven with the wefts on the upper side and the wefts on the lower side to form a part of the design of the surface on the upper side and a part of the design of the surface on the lower side; and, in the pair of ligature yarn and the second warp on the upper side, the ligature yarn and the second warp on the upper side are woven with the respective wefts on the upper side and function together as a warp constituting a design complete on the upper side on a surface on the upper side, while the ligature thread functions as a warp constituting a design of the surface on the underside on the surface of the underside.

5. The bilayer, industrial fabric wherein one of the ligation threads forming a pair, according to claim 2, is woven with at least one weft on the upper side to form a surface design on the upper side, under which the other ligature yarn is woven with a weft on the underside, on which the other ligature yarn is woven with at least one weft on the upper side to constitute the design of the surface on the upper side, wherein the yarns of ligature forming a pair complement each other to create the design of the surface on the upper side and the design of the surface on the lower side.

6. The industrial bilayer fabric according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the design of the surface on the upper side is a discontinuous cross weave.

7. The industrial bilayer fabric according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the design of the surface on the upper side is a cross weave.

8. The industrial bilayer fabric according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the number of frames on the upper side is as much as 1 to 2 times the number of frames on the lower side.

9. The bilayer, industrial fabric according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the warps on the upper side and the warps on the lower side are equal in diameter.