MXPA06004695A - Method and device for installation of guide rails in an elevator shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

A device and method for installing guide rails in an elevator shaft includes a common support to line up the guide rails as an assembly. At least one coupling element per guide rail is provided in order to fasten the guide rails to the support. The common support is designed so that the guide rails can be fastened one after the other to the common support.

Description

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INSTALLATION OF GUIDE RAILS IN AN ELEVATOR WELL Field of the Invention The invention relates to a method as well as to a device for the installation of guide rails in an elevator shaft, according to the introductory part of the independent claims of the patent.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The guide rails are means for guiding the elevator car or the counterweight inside an elevator shaft. The guide rails must allow a controlled vertical movement through the acceptance of horizontal forces. The elevator car or the counterweight is connected to the guide rails by wheels or sliding parts that are fastened to, for example, the sides of the elevator car or the counterweight. Several lines of guide rails may also be present depending on the size and respective use of the elevator. The counterweight can also be guided, since normally no horizontal forces are present, by guide rails in the form of a confinement. The installation of the guide rails in an elevator shaft, due to the length and weight of the individual elements, a difficult and time-intensive operation that is usually carried out in small equipment. The transport of the individual elements of the guide rails within the elevator shaft to a proposed location usually takes place with the help of a mounting platform. In that case, each element usually has to be placed from the floor of the floor to its proposed location in the elevator shaft. JP 05178561A describes a method in which several guide rails can be removed in the elevator shaft in one working step. The individual guide rails are then connected together by means of couplings, each consisting of a joint, and pulled up into the elevator shaft. Each coupling then supports the weight of all the guide rails and the couplings that hang below. The object of the present invention is to make available a device and a method for the more efficient installation of guide rails in an elevator shaft. According to the invention, this object is fulfilled by the characterizing features of the independent patent claims.

Description of the Invention The invention teaches a method and a device for installing guide rails in an elevator shaft. In that case, several guide rails are each mechanically fastened by at least one coupling element to a common support means. The guide rails aligned one after the other in the common support means as a composite product are transported by transport means to the elevator shaft. In this case, the guide rails that hang one after the other individually in the support means assume a substantially vertical position during the lifting of the support means in the elevator shaft. This has the advantage that a plurality of guide rails or all the guide rails of a line can be approximated to the elevator shaft in a working step. Through the connection of the individual guide rails with the supporting means, the guide rails can be lifted into the elevator shaft in a working step by a person with the help of the means of transport (for example, a block and rigging). and / or engine). It is also conceivable that the guide rails hanging on the support means are introduced into the elevator shaft from above by a lifting device independent of the elevator shaft, such as, for example, a construction crane. In this way, the costs for mounting the guide rails in an elevator shaft can be reduced. Advantageously, the guide rails are fastened to the common support means before distribution. This has the advantage that the risk of mixing the different types of guide rails in the installation location of the guide rails in the elevator shaft is decreased. Through the fixation of the succession of individual guide rails in the elevator shaft before distribution, the guide rails can be supplied with elements such as, for example, sensors already pre-installed and / or integrated in the guide rails. According to another form of mode, the guide rails can be fastened to the common support means also after distribution. The fastening can then be carried out in the preparation in which the support means is connected by means of coupling elements to the guide rails which are in a stack or the guide rails are fastened to the common support means during the lifting of the support means in the elevator shaft. This has the advantage that the guide rails can be operated individually. The assembly personnel can say in this case on the site how the elements of the guide rails are going to approach the elevator shaft in a work step and in what sequence. Advantageously, the guide rails approach the elevator shaft by means of transport. Preferably, the transport means (motor, deflection roller, block and rigging) attached to the roof of the well is used for this purpose. This has the advantage that the guide rails in the common support means can be brought close to the elevator shaft by a person with little force expenditure. As mentioned, external means of transport (for example, a construction crane) can also be used. Advantageously, the assembly of the guide rails in the lower region of the elevator shaft is started. After installation of the first guide rails, a mounting platform (eg an elevator car or a part thereof) can be inserted into the elevator shaft and moved upwards so that additional guide rails can be mounted of the composite product This has the advantage that a mounting platform serving for the installation of the guide rails can be moved from below in the upward direction along the already mounted guide rails. In that case, the guide rails that hang in a vertical position one after the other individually in the support means are held in succession. Due to the fact that the guide rails after the assembly step already hang in their approximate position an efficient operation is possible. The mounting platform is preferably equipped with necessary safety devices that, for example, limit the travel speed of the mounting platform, prevent the fall of the same or in the case of necessity can also be used to stop the platform of assembly. Advantageously at least a part of the guide rails to be used, for example all the guide rails of a section of an assembly, are suspended with the help of the support means in the elevator shaft before the start of the mounting of the guide rails on the wall of the well. This has the advantage that the individual elements of the guide rails do not have to be collected each time in a storage location, for example on the floor of the floor. A mounting section may contain all the guide rails of a line or may contain a part of the guide rails of a line. In addition, it is possible to mount more than one mounting section of the elevator car or more than one counterweight mounting section on the wall of the well in one working step. Advantageously, the coupling elements and the support means are removed after the mounting of the guide rails on the wall of the well. This has the advantage that the coupling elements and the support means can be used several times. Advantageously, the device for installing the guide rails in the elevator shaft comprises means for allowing the installation of the guide rails for the elevator car and / or guide rails for the counterweight. This has the advantage that not only the guide rails for the elevator car, but also the guide rails for the counterweight, can be mounted efficiently in the elevator shaft. Then the work steps that are similar in each case can be executed by routine with identical tools. A form of mode of the support means in which the coupling elements in the guiding means are already pre-assembled in a suitable spacing, it is particularly preferred. This has the advantage that the guide rails only have to be connected to the support means by means of the coupling elements, which takes place very quickly and is simple. Advantageously, the support means is a cable or a chain, the length of which accounts for a multiple of a guide rail. This has the advantage that several guide rails can be brought closer to the elevator shaft in a working step in the non-rigid support means. Due to the fact that the length of the support means is a multiple of the guide rails, several guide rails can be brought closer in the elevator shaft as a unit and in succession in a working step. The invention is described in detail in the following by reference to the examples of the mode and according to the figures, in which: Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment example of an elevator shaft with guide rails, Figure 2 is a schematic view of a first embodiment example of a coupling of a guide rail to a support means. Figure 3 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment example of a coupling of a guide rail to a support means, and Figure 4 shows a schematic view of a further example of embodiment of a coupling element for a pre-component. mounted from guide rail to a support medium. Figure 1 shows an arbitrary elevator shaft 1 arranged in or to an arbitrary shell or construction that is provided for at least one elevator. The well can be any well known, desired elevator well 1 provided for the vertical transport of passengers or articles between 2 floors of the construction. The elevator shaft 1 can be separated from the 2 floors by doors. The guide rails 10 make it possible to retain the elevator car (not shown) in the region of a predetermined horizontal sectional area of the elevator shaft 1. The wheels or sliding parts, which are attached to the outside of the elevator car, roll or slide along the guide rails 10. The forces with horizontal force ratings increase due to the usually asymmetric loading of the elevator car. These forces are transmitted by the wheels or the sliding parts to the guide rails 10. The guide rails 10 typically consist of individual elements that are approximately 2.5 to 5 meters in length and that are aligned to form lines. Several lines for the elevator guide in a pit 1 can be presented depending on the respective size, weight and use of the elevator. A counterweight that moves similarly up and down in the elevator shaft 1 is usually guided by the guide rails 10 in a similar manner by means of wheels or sliding parts. Since in the case of the counterweight, large asymmetrical loads do not arise, it is known that the guide rails 10 that enclose only the counterweight as a limit frame thus prevent greater horizontal movements of the counterweight. In order to bring the individual elements of the guide rails 10 into the elevator shaft 1, use is made, according to the invention, of a common support means 13. The common support means 13 approaches the elevator shaft 1 by the transport means 11 (for example, a deflection roller, a block and rigging or a motor, or a suitable combination of these components), which are clamped advantageous to a pit ceiling 12. It is also conceivable that the guide rails 10 hanging on the support means 13 are introduced into the elevator shaft 1 by a lifting device, such as, for example, a construction crane, arranged at a distance from the elevator shaft 1 . Depending on the respective transport means 11 used to bring the support means 13 closer, the sopote means 13 must account for a multiple of the length L of the elevator shaft 1. Thus, for example, in the case of use of a deflection roller 11 as the transport means, the transport means 13 must have at least 3 times the length L of the elevator shaft 1. The length L of the elevator shaft is needed twice in order to allow the support means 13 to be installed without load. At one third of the length L of the elevator shaft of the support means 13, the guide rails 10 are mounted. The support means 13 itself can be realized in various ways. In this way, for example, it can be a rope, cable, chain or band. In addition, a variety of materials are conceivable for the material from which the support means 13 is made. For example, the support means 13 may comprise iron fiber, steel, plastic material or natural fibers. It can also be a combination of different materials. Different forms of modality are possible for the coupling elements 14 according to the invention. The coupling elements 14 in that case have to be designed so that they can reliably connect and support the weight of a guide rail 10 with the support means 13. It will then be noted that the separation of the connection and thus the removal of the coupling element 14 from the guide rail 10 should be possible with the smallest amount of effort after the mounting of the guide rails 10 in the elevator shaft 1 . Advantageously, this coupling element 14 can also be reused. The support means 13 is preferably provided with preassembled coupling elements 14. The coupling elements 14 can be fixedly mounted on the support means 13 or can be disassembled. The term "assembly personnel" is used in the present context to describe persons who assemble an elevator installation in the elevator shaft 1 and / or prepare it for the assembly of the elevator shaft 1. The elevator installation is assembled from the supplied means. In that case, the guide rails 10 are mounted in the elevator shaft 1, the installed elevator car, the connections for the operation of the elevator are undertaken, etc.

The assembly personnel can be understood as expert workers and / or auxiliary people. The mounting platform is preferably the elevator car itself or parts of the elevator car which at the time of installation of the guide rails 10 are already present in the elevator shaft 1 or installed at that moment. However, it may also comprise means that are partially or completely disassembled before the final installation of the actual elevator. The mounting platform can be moved in the elevator shaft. The assembly of the elevator elements in the well 1 is simplified by the assembly personnel on the assembly platform. The elements of the elevator installation, tools and assembly personnel can be transported up and down in the elevator shaft on the mounting platform. The assembly personnel can then execute the assembly procedures at an advantageous working height. The mounting of the guide rails 10 takes place in its proposed location. Depending on the respective class of guide rails 10 not only the line, but also the position within the line for an individual element is predetermined for the individual elements. Through the alignment of the guide rails 10 in the support means 13, the association of the guide rails 10 can be established in more satisfactory working conditions than in a confined and dark elevator shaft 1. In this way, the risk of confusion of the different types of guide rails 10 is reduced and the risk that the individual guide elements are mounted in an incorrect proposed location. The means required for mounting an elevator are introduced into the elevator shaft 1 from at least one storage location 3. A storage location 3 is preferably placed on the floor of the elevator shaft 1, because the means for the elevator can usually be distributed in a particularly easy manner to the floor of the floor. However, it is also conceivable that additional storage locations 3 are added to higher or lower floors 2. A composite product with several guide rails 10 is shown in Figure 2. Each of the guide rails 10 is secured to the middle 13 of support by its own coupling element 14. In the illustrated example, four guide rails 10 are suspended one after the other vertically in the support means 13 in the elevator shaft. The coupling elements 14 can be clamped, as shown in Figure 2, to the support means 13 by a clamping element 14.1 or screw. The coupling element 14 comprises a path 14.2 which is attached to the clamping element or screw 14.1 and extends parallel to the support means 13. Provided at a lower end of the path 14.2 is a safety hook 14.3 that engages through a passage that opens in the guide rail 10 and thereby connects the guide rail 10 to the support means 13. In order to prevent the sliding of the guide rail 10 of the security hook 14.3, this can be equipped with, for example, a resiliently mounted lug 14.4 which, in the manner of a tine, prevents sliding of the passage opening. The opening of the passage is preferably placed in a location of the guide rail 10 which does not hinder the run along the rollers or the sliding parts of the lift car or the counterweight. Advantageously, passage openings are used for the guide rails 10 used to join the guide rails together. This has the advantage that additional passage openings do not have to be formed and thus commercially available guide rails can be used. The support means 13 is preferably a solid steel cable. A galvanized form of the mode of the support means 13 is particularly preferred. An eyelet 15 or the like may be provided at the upper end of the support means 13 in order to allow the support means to be connected to the transport means 11. The spacing A between the two guide rails 10 hanging in succession in the support means preferably accounts for between 5 millimeters and 100 millimeters. In this way the damage of the ends of the guide rails is impossible, since they do not hit each other. A section of the route 14.2 between 200 millimeters and 100 millimeters has proved to be appropriate in order to impart to the coupling element according to Figure 2 the necessary flexibility to allow the free approach of problems to the well. In Figure 3 an additional form of embodiment of a coupling element 14 is shown. The upper end of a guide rail 10 can be recognized in Figure 3. A passage opening is provided at one end of the guide rail 10. A pin 14.1, in which a cylindrical means 14.2 is provided for fixing the means 13 of support, is inserted through this passage opening. The means 14.2 for fixing the support means comprises a screw 14.3. The support means 13 is held in place by tightening the screw 14.3 and the coupling 14 can not slide any longer along the support means 13. The spigot 14.1 is inserted, as mentioned, at one end through the passage opening and can be secured by a split spigot 14.4 or similar securing element. A further form of embodiment of the invention is indicated in Figure 4. A schematic view of a further embodiment example of a coupling element 14 is shown. In the illustrated embodiment example, two guide rails 10 form a pre-assembled guide rail component (this guide rail component is, for simplicity, also called guide rail). The two guide rails 10 can be connected together by, for example, one or more transverse elements 10.1. The transverse element 10.1 can be used, for example directly for fastening the guide rails 10 to a wall of the well. The coupling element 14 in this case centrally couples in the transverse element 10.1. For this purpose, the transverse element 10.1 has a groove through which a part of the coupling element 14 projects. The coupling element 14 may comprise, similar to what is shown in Figure 2, a securing element 14.4 in order to prevent the sliding of the guide rails. The guide rail or the component of the guide rail as well as additional guide rails that follow therein then hang in the elevator shaft substantially vertically in the common support means 13. Advantageous combinations are possible; in this way, for example, apart from the region of the guide rails, for example a first or the lower guide rail 10 of a line can be mounted in a known conventional manner, and the remaining rails can be approached to the well by medium of common support medium 13. This has the advantage that a mounting platform can be mounted where it is directly applicable after mounting the lowermost guide rails.

List of Reference Numbers 1 elevator shaft 2 floor 3 storage point the guide rails 10.1 cross member 11 device for bringing the support means closer 12 shaft ceiling 13 common support means 14 coupling 14.1-14.4 coupling elements

Claims (10)

1. Method for the installation of guide rails in an elevator shaft, where the guide rails are transported as a composite product one after the other in the elevator shaft, characterized by the following steps: fastening several guide rails one after the another to a common support means, in which each of the guide rails is mechanically connected to the support means by at least one coupling element, and lifting the support means including the guide rails connected therewith, wherein the guide rails hang individually in the support means one after the other and assume a substantially vertical position in the elevator shaft. Method according to claim 1, characterized by one of the following additional steps: - fastening the guide rails to a common support means before distribution; or - fastening the guide rails to a common support means after distribution and before lifting the support means; or - fastening the guide rails to a common support means after the distribution and during the lifting of the support means. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by one of the following additional steps: - to extend the guide rails to the elevator shaft by the transport means attached to or in the region of the roof of the well; or - approaching the guide rails to the elevator shaft by means of external transport, preferably a crane. . Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the following additional steps: - mounting a first guide rail of the composite product in the lower region of the elevator shaft, - moving a mounting platform upwards in the elevator shaft, and - mounting a second guide rail of the composite product, wherein preferably an elevator car or a part of an elevator car serves as the mounting platform. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the following additional step: - hanging at least a part of the guide rails with the aid of the support means in the elevator shaft before beginning the assembly of the guide rails in a well wall of the elevator shaft. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the following additional step: - removing the coupling elements and the support means after the mounting of the guide rails on a wall of the elevator shaft. Device for installing guide rails in an elevator shaft by means of aligning guide rails in a composite product, characterized in that: - a common support means serves as a means for alignment, - at least one element Coupling by guide rail is provided in order to fasten the guide rail to the support means, wherein the common support means is designed so that the guide rail on the guide rail can be held in succession in the common support means. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that a respective coupling element is fastened by a guide rail to the common support means and the coupling elements have a spacing in the common support means that is greater than the length of a guide rail. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: - the guide rails are designed for the purpose of serving, after installation in the elevator shaft, for the guidance of an elevator car, or - the guide rails they are designed for the purpose, after installation in the lift shaft, to serve as a counterweight guide. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the support means is a cable or a chain, the length of which accounts for a multiple of the length of a guide rail.