MXPA06002298A - Manually operated apparatus, and ballon unit and valve housing for a manually operated respiration apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A manually operated respiration apparatus (1), comprising a respiration housing (2), provided with a respiration channel (4) for connection with a patient to whom artificial respiration is to be applied, which respiration channel (4) is connected via a valve system (5) with an inflow port (6) connected to a balloon unit (3) for supplying air to the patient via the respiration channel (4) and with an outflow port (7) for evacuation of air exhaled by the patient into the respiration channel (4) to the environnient, wherein the balloon unit (3) comprises a resilient bellows (10) provided with an inlet opening (8) and an outlet opening (9), wherein, further, in the inlet opening (8) of the bellows (10), a non-return valve (11) is included and wherein the outlet opening (9) of the bellows (10) is connected with the inflow port (6) of the respiration housing (2). Upon squeezing the bellows (10), from a starting position, air enclosed by the bellows (10) exits via the outlet opening (9) and, upon releasing the bellows (10), it rebounds to the starting position by sucking in environmental air via the inlet opening (8). The bellows (10) is provided with.

Description

GM, ICE, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, Published: ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, B, KG, KZ, 1D, RU, TI, TM), - - with inlematipndl seardi report European < AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI > FR, GB, GR, HU, B3,? T, LU, MC, NL, PL, PT, RO, SE, YES, For. two-letter codes and o? ier abbrevialions. refe to üie "Guid.SK, TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, O, CM, GA, GN, GQ, ance Notes on Codés and Abbreviations" appearing at ihe begiti- GW, ML, MR, NE , S, TD, T). riin f ach regular issue. afilie: PCT Gazette: - OR 3 MANUALLY OPERATED APPARATUS, AND BALOON UNIT? AND VALVE CASE FOR U? MANUALLY OPERATED BREATHING APPARATUS DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a manually operated breathing apparatus, with a valve housing and a valve housing for a manually operated breathing apparatus. Manually operated breathing apparatus is known from practice and usually comprises a breathing housing, provided with a breathing channel for connection to a patient to whom artificial respiration is to be applied, whose breathing channel is connected via a valve system in the breathing housing with a flow inlet port which is connected to one. balloon unit to supply air to the patient via the breathing channel, and which is additionally connected with an opening of a flow outlet port to the environment to evacuate the exhaled air by the patient through the breathing channel into the environment . Here, the balloon unit comprises a resilient bellows provided with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, a check valve being included in the inlet opening and the outlet opening being connected to the flow inlet port of the breathing housing , all this in such a way that, when tightening the bellows from an initial position, the air Ref .: 170806 enclosed by the bellows exits through the outlet opening and, when releasing the bellows, bounces back to the initial position sucking air of the environment through the entrance opening. Such manually operated breathing apparatus is known to someone with experience as a resuscitator and is used to manually apply artificial respiration to people or animals, for example, during resuscitation. Such breathing apparatus has a simple construction and can be transported easily. In addition, the device has high reliability, requiring only minimal maintenance. A disadvantage of the known breathing apparatus is that, by the same, the volume of the lungs of the patient can increase so much, that the lungs stretch a lot. Said over stretching of the lungs leads to damage and death of the lung cells, in such a way that the oxygen transfer capacity of the lungs decreases. Although, after a few weeks, the cells of the lungs have regenerated again and the ability to transfer oxygen has been restored again, precisely the temporary diminution of the oxygen transfer capacity of the lungs can inflict great damage to the patient and still cause the death of the patient.

In order to obviate this disadvantage, it has already been proposed to include an overpressure protection in the breathing housing to limit the pressure of the air supplied through the breathing channel to a predetermined value. = - ^ - = S ± rr = -ea: go-í-se-ha-eneon-t-ra-do-e -lactica - that, - despite this overpressure protection, is still caused the over stretching of the lungs during artificial respiration. The invention contemplates a manually operated breathing apparatus of the type referred to in the introduction, by means of which these disadvantages can be avoided while preserving the advantages. For this purpose, the breathing apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the balloon unit is additionally provided with an overpressure protection to evacuate air from the bellows into the environment when a predetermined air pressure in the bellows is exceeded. It has been found that, in this way, in practice, damage to the lungs can be avoided. The invention resides in the idea that, during the shaking of the resuscitation and / or in the case of the use of less skilled or untrained personnel, the bellows can be tightened so forcefully, that a high pressure wave can be created which can be evacuated insufficiently fast through with the overpressure protection included in the breathing housing, such that a considerable part of the pressure wave is still able to propagate through the breathing housing into the lungs of the patient. -Part? Gui-a-rmen-te -with- a-dead-dead-or-added-in-which active volume is limited, this can result in severe damage. By providing the balloon unit with a suppressor protection, a rapid reduction of the pressure wave can be made possible, in such a way that the pressure wave is prevented from reaching the lungs of the patient through the housing, breathing and the channel of breathing. The balloon unit, particularly the bellows, is a suitable mounting location for such overpressure protection, since relatively large space is available for a relatively large flow exit area of the overpressure protection on the balloon or the balloon. , in such a way that the resistance to the flow of the overpressure protection can be relatively low. Here, the overpressure protection can, for example, be provided in the body of the bellows, but it can also be provided in or to the outlet opening thereof. By including an overpressure protection in the inlet opening, it is therefore achieved that the overpressure protection can have a relatively large flow exit area. Also, by being included in the inlet opening, the balloon unit of an existing breathing apparatus - which is optionally provided with overpressure protection in the breathing housing - can be achieved -eqiaxpars-e ^ - co.n_una_prntec: ci.Qn ... de_ = sobre.pre-SÍ.ón..confiable in a simple way. In addition, this place is the most comfortable for both the balloon operator and the patient. In an advantageous embodiment, a substantially cylindrical valve housing in which the check valve and the overpressure protection are accommodated are included in the inlet opening of the bellows. The check valve and the overpressure protection are preferably integrated, but can also form separate parts. The overpressure protection can, for example, be designated as a spring loaded valve. It is noted that the check valve and overpressure protection can be integrated into a single part, but that they can also be separate parts. In an advantageous further embodiment, the cylindrical valve housing is, on a terminal face, provided with one or more suction openings and, in a portion of the cylindrical jacket located near the terminal face, is provided with one or more openings of purge. In this way, it is achieved that, on its terminal face, the valve housing can be coupled with, for example, an oxygen bag, while the purge openings remain free. In an advantageous form, the cylindrical valve housing can be provided with a holding means for sealingly securing the circumferential edge of the opening of the invention. It also relates to a method for manually applying respiration to a patient. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are shown in the subclaims. The invention will be explained based on the example modalities which are shown in figures, in which: Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic longitudinal cross-section of a breathing apparatus; Figure 2 shows a diagrammatic cross-section 5 of the breathing housing of the breathing apparatus of Figure 1; Figure 3 shows a diagrammatic longitudinal cross section of a first embodiment of a valve housing; 0 Fig. 4 shows a diagrammatic longitudinal cross section of a second embodiment of a valve housing; Figure 5 shows a diagrammatic longitudinal cross section of a third embodiment of a valve housing; and Figure 6 and Figure 7 each show a diagrammatic longitudinal cross section of a variant of the valve housing, in which the overpressure protection can be adjusted. _.g = -as-f-ig-uras-son-only -views-in-f-matrix-diagram of preferred embodiments of the invention which are provided by way of non-limiting example modalities. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are designated with the same numbers of reference. Figure 1 shows a manually operated breathing apparatus 1, comprising a breathing housing 2 and a balloon unit 3 connected thereto. The breathing housing 2, which is shown in detail in Figure 2, is provided with a breathing channel 4 which is connected through a valve system 5 with a flow inlet port 6 connected to the balloon unit 3 to supply air to the patient through the breathing channel 4. breathing channel 4 connects further through the valve system 5 with one or more flow outlet ports 7 for evacuating the exhaled air by the patient within the breathing channel to the environment. The breathing channel 4, is connected, by its free end, with a mask (not shown) which, During use, it is placed over the mouth and nose of the patient to whom the artificial respiration is to be applied, or with a tube (not shown) placed in the respiratory tract for artificial respiration. The balloon unit 3 comprises a bellows, resilient 10"5" "'provided with an inlet opening 8 and an outlet opening 9. The resilient bellows 10 can, for example, be designed as a hermetic wall of flexible material, eg plastic, which is supported by resilient arcuate ribs. The resilient bellows 10 can be formed also in a different form, for example as a somewhat elongated hollow balloon with relatively thick walls of rubber-like material. Such a balloon unit is known to someone with experience as a balloon unit of the self-inflating type and will not be explained in more detail here.

In the inlet opening 8 of the bellows 10, a check valve 11 is included in a form which will be explained hereinafter. The inlet opening 9 of the bellows 10 is connected to the flow inlet port 6 of the breathing housing 2. When tightening the bellows 10 from the position Initially shown in Fig. 1, the air enclosed by the bellows exits through the outlet opening 9. With reference to Fig. 2, the outgoing air enters the inlet port of flow 6 of the breathing casing 2 and flows through the check valve 12 of the valve system 5 towards the breathing channel. The valve body simultaneously closes the flow outlet ports 7. Via the breathing channel 4 and the mask, air is delivered through the nose and mouth to the patient's lungs. When the bellows 10 is released, the bellows rebounds to the initial position - most.ra-da_e? V0La - fig-ur-a -suspending-air from the environment through the check valve 11 provided in FIG. the inlet opening 8. With this, the check valve 12 in the breathing housing 2 snaps shut. With reference to Figure 2, during and after the rebound of the resilient bellows 10, patients will exhale air into the breathing channel 4. When exhaling air into the breathing channel 4 and / or by action of the spring 14, the body of the valve 13 of the valve system 5 will leave its seat 15 to the position shown in figure 2, in which the exhaled air can be evacuated to the environment through the outlet ports 7 of the breathing casing 2. The breathing housing 2 can additionally be provided with a surge protector to evacuate air into the environment when a predetermined pressure value in the breathing housing is exceeded. In this exemplary embodiment, the overpressure protection is designed as a spring loaded valve 16 in the wall of a chamber 17 in the breathing housing 2, which chamber connects to the inlet port of flow 6. Given a high pressure, the The valve body of the overpressure protection 16 is pressed from its seat 19 against the action of the spring, in such a way that the air can pass through the wall of the chamber 17 and can be evacuated to the environment. Given a can-pass-e-ntonces-0L-to-overpressure protection 16 and evacuate to the environment through the output ports of flow 7A. The construction of the breathing housing for a breathing apparatus is well known to an experienced person and will not be explained in more detail. With reference to figure 1, in the inlet port 8 of the bellows 10, an overpressure protection 19 is included to evacuate air from the bellows through the inlet opening 8 when a predetermined pressure value is exceeded. The overpressure protection included in the inlet opening is put into action when, as a result of very tight pressing of the balloon, the pressure in the balloon exceeds a predetermined value. By placing in the inlet opening 8, it can be avoided to move the pressure wave through the breathing housing 2 and the breathing channel 4 into the lungs of the patient. With reference to Figure 3, it is shown that, in the inlet opening 8 of the bellows 10, a substantially cylindrical valve housing 20 is included in which the check valve 11 and the overpressure protection 19 are integrated. embodiment shown in figure 3, the valve housing 20 is provided with a central passage 21 extending from a suction opening 23 provided in the terminal face -5 2-2 -de-ia-c-a-reasa-de-vái-vu-la - 2-0- acia-el-i-n-te-riox-dei-spring . In the central passage 21, a valve body 24 is included which is pressed against a seat 26 by the action of a spring 25. The valve body 24, the spring 25 and the seat 26 together form the overpressure protection 19 which, during normal use, prevents the flow of gas from the balloon through the inlet opening 8. Given an overpressure caused by very tight pressing of the bellows, for example given a pressure in the bellows of 60 cm of water column, the body of the valve 24 will leave its seat 26 against the action of the spring 25, in such a way that the air of the bellows can flow towards the environment through the outlet openings 28 provided in the surface of the jacket 27 of the valve housing 20, near the face Terminal 22. In the valve body 24, passage openings 29 are provided which are sealed on one side of a valve body 24 facing the bellows by means of a flexible valve body 30. The openings of the passages and the flexible valve body 30 form a check valve 12 which prevents air from leaving the bellows during tightening, but allows the entry of ambient air into the bellows during rebound. The valve housing 20 is provided with a means to "stop" the fastening-sheath of the circumferential edge of the entry opening 8 of the bellows 10. In the embodiment shown in the figure 3, the clamping means is formed by a support flange 31A provided in the housing of the valve 20, which cooperates with a pressure flange 31B of a threaded ring 32 which is attached to the jacket 27 of the valve housing 20 by means of a thread 33. With reference to figure 4, there is shown a second embodiment of the valve housing 20, in which the valve body 24 has an annular design and is located in a purge channel 34 disposed about of the central passage 21. Here, the suction opening 23 has a cylindrical design and the purge channel 34 is arranged annularly around it. Here, the passage 21 extends somewhat outwardly with respect to the terminal face 22, such that the suction opening 23 is located outside the terminal face 22. In this form, the entry opening can be easily connected to a bag. Through the bag, enriched air can be supplied to the balloon, for example air with additional oxygen and / or a small amount of narcotic, such as laughing gas, for relief. Then, in addition to air, enrichment gas can be similarly supplied continuously to the bag from a gas cylinder with a relatively low flow rate, for example - 0-1-5-li = tros per-minute.- ---- - = - ^. _-. _ ~ - -.

Optionally, as shown in FIG. 5, overpressure protection can be provided in the wall of the central passage 21 such that, when the pressure in the oxygen bag exceeds a predetermined value, the oxygen can be evacuated directly to the channel purge 34. An example of such overpressure protection is a duckbill valve 36 in the shape of a ring that clears the openings of passages 37 in the wall of the passage given a pressure of about 15 cm of water column in the oxygen bag . For the record, it is noted that, when the breathing apparatus is coupled with an oxygen bag, the term air must be interpreted to refer to oxygen in this context. Figure 6 shows a variant of the valve housing in which the predetermined pressure value of the overpressure protection is adjustable. In this variant, the pressure value of the overpressure protection is adjustable between a pressure of approximately 20 cm of water column and a pressure of approximately 60 cm of water column. Of course, for less common applications of manual artificial respiration, a higher maximum pressure may be possible, for example an overpressure protection with an adjustment range of up to approximately 80 or 120 cm of water column. = -. = ^ >Here, the. -protection - adjustable-pressure-de- pression - is designed with an adjustment element designed with a rotating part 40 of the valve housing shell. The rotating part is connected to a stationary part 43 of the valve housing through a threaded connection 42. By means of the threaded connection 42, the rotating part 40 of the valve housing 20 is capable of rotating in a range of angles. of about 270 ° with respect to the stationary part 43 of the valve housing. To obtain a simple unambiguous operation, the range of angles is less than about 360 °, and is preferably between 90 ° and 360 °. In this way, the entire adjustment range can be traversed with one turn of the wrist, while also, with each angular position, exactly corresponds a pressure value. For the purpose of stable construction, the jacket 45 of the rotating part 40 is included in an annular guide 46. Preferably, in addition, the closing pressure exerted on the valve body 24 by means of the spring 25 can be established linearly. By using a thread 42 with variable pitch, spring 25 can have a non-linear design, while still obtaining a linear fitting characteristic across the range of angles. In an advantageous form, the terminal face 44 of the rotating part 40 of the valve housing can be graduated - L_ = para-leezvel val? -r ~ aj-us-tad? -. Of the overpressure protection based on the relative angular position between the adjustable part of the valve housing 40 with respect to the stationary part 43. For this purpose, for example an annular graduation may be represented on the face part Terminal 44 surrounding the stationary part 43 of the valve housing, while a reference line is provided on the terminal face of the threaded ring 32 and / or on the terminal face of the stationary part 43. Adjustable overpressure protection can of course also apply to the other variants of the valve housing. With reference to Figure 7, it is shown that the rotating part 40 of the valve housing is provided with a control button 41 to facilitate engagement. Optionally, the suction channel 23 surrounded by the The stationary part 43 of the valve housing can also be provided with a protective cover with passage openings, for example a protective grid. With the help of an adjustable overpressure protection, the air present in the bellows can therefore blow through the adjustable barrier in or towards the bellows. It will be clear that the adjustable overpressure protection can be further designed in many different ways to the preferred embodiment described hereinabove. For example, an overpressure protection - ^ aj'-UrS-ta-bie --- with - the - aid - d - a sliding stop or an adjustable fastener can be established and the adjustment can be performed either continuously or discontinuously In addition, if desired, the predetermined pressure value can be adjusted non-linearly through the adjustment angle. Additionally it will be clear that such an overpressure adjustable in itself can already be advantageously applied in manually operated breathing apparatuses, in other words, a breathing apparatus in which an overpressure protection is not provided in or towards the balloon unit. Such manually operated breathing apparatus then comprises a breathing casing, provided. with a breathing channel to connect with a patient to whom artificial respiration is to be applied, whose breathing channel is connected via a valve system with an inlet port connected to a balloon unit to supply air to the patient through the ventilator channel. respiration and with one or more exit ports to evacuate exhaled air by the patient in the breathing channel to the environment, while the balloon unit comprises a resilient bellows provided with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, while, in addition , in the opening of the bellows, a check valve is included and while the outlet opening of the bellows is connected to the inlet port of the breathing housing, and while the apparition -of = -re-spira- It is provided with an overpressure protection to evacuate air from the breathing apparatus when a predetermined pressure value is exceeded, the value of which is adjustable. default pressure of the overpressure protection. It will be clear that the invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiments shown here, but that many variations are possible. For example, overpressure protections can be designed as overpressure protections with an adjustable initial value. In addition, the overpressure protection can be integrated into the inlet opening with the check valve, for example by designing a flexible valve body of a check valve such that it will leak in case of overpressure. Such variants will be clear to a person with experience and it is understood that they are within the scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims. It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known to the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is that which is clear from the present description of the invention.

Claims (19)

1. CLAIMS Having described the invention as above, the content of the following claims is claimed as property: - - -1. A -aparate = -of- = respiration - operated-manually, comprising a breathing casing, provided with a breathing channel for connection to a patient to whom artificial respiration is to be applied, whose breathing channel is connected through of a valve system with an inlet port connected to a balloon unit for supplying air to the patient through the breathing channel and with one or more exit ports to evacuate the exhaled air by the patient in the breathing channel to the patient. environment, wherein the balloon unit comprises a resilient bellows provided with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, wherein in addition, at the inlet opening of the bellows, a check valve is included and wherein the outlet opening of the bellows bellows is connected to the inlet port of the breathing housing, characterized in that the balloon unit is provided with an overpressure protection to evacuate air from the bellows when a predetermined pressure value is exceeded.
2. 2. A breathing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the overpressure protection is included in the inlet opening of the balloon unit.
3. 3. A breathing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a valve housing is included in the inlet opening of the bellows. - ~ 5 ^ siabstancialmente-cilí-ndr-i-ca - = - in-which-accommodate the-check valve and overpressure protection.
4. 4. A breathing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the valve housing is provided, on a terminal face, with one or more openings of 10 suction and wherein a portion of the jacket surface of the valve housing located near the end face is provided with one or more purge openings.
5. 5. A breathing apparatus according to any of the preceding claims, characterized 15 because the valve housing is provided with fastening means for sealingly securing the circumferential edge of the bellows inlet opening.
6. 6. A balloon unit for a manually operated breathing apparatus, comprising a resilient bellows 20 provided with an inlet opening and an outlet opening, wherein the inlet opening of the bellows, a check valve is included, characterized in that the balloon unit is provided with an overpressure protection to evacuate air from the bellows when exceeds a value of 25 preset pressure.
7. 7. A balloon unit according to claim 6, characterized in that the overpressure protection is included in the inlet opening of the balloon unit. - ---
8. 8.- A unit-of-ball-of-with-for-measure-d- with claim 6 6 7, characterized in that, in the entrance opening of the bellows, a housing is included. substantially cylindrical valve in which the check valve and the overpressure protection are accommodated. A balloon unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the valve housing is provided, on a terminal face, with one or more suction openings and wherein a portion of the jacket surface of the valve housing located near the terminal face is provided with one or more purge openings. A balloon unit according to any of claims 8-6, characterized in that the valve housing is provided with fastening means for sealingly securing the circumferential edge of the bellows inlet opening. 11. A valve housing for a breathing apparatus or a balloon unit according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a housing for inclusion in or for a bellows, in which valve housing the check valve is accommodated and Overpressure protection. 12. A valve housing according to claim 11, characterized in that the valve housing is provided, on one terminal face, with one or more suction openings and wherein a portion of the jacket surface of the valve housing located near the terminal face is provided with one or more purge openings. A valve housing according to either of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the valve housing is provided, in its jacket, with fastening means for sealingly securing the circumferential edge of the bellows inlet opening. 14. A breathing apparatus, balloon unit or valve housing according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the predetermined pressure value of the overpressure protection is adjustable. 15. A breathing apparatus, a balloon unit or a valve housing according to claim 14, characterized in that the pressure value of the overpressure protection is adjustable between a pressure of approximately 20 and approximately 60 centimeters of water column. . 16. A breathing apparatus, balloon unit or valve housing according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the adjustable overpressure protection is designed with a rotary adjustment element. 17. A breathing apparatus, a balloon unit or a valve housing according to claim 16, characterized in that, for the purpose of adjusting the overpressure protection, the adjustment element can rotate through a range of angles of approximately maximum 360 °, preferably approximately 270 °. 18. A breathing apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that a graduation is provided for reading the set pressure value of the overpressure protection based on the relative angular position between the adjustable part of the valve housing and the part stationary valve housing. 1
9. 9. A breathing apparatus, balloon unit or valve housing according to claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the predetermined pressure value is linearly adjustable.