MXPA06001220A - A probe for medical use - Google Patents

Abstract

A probe for medical use comprising a tube (1) and a cuff (3) located around the tube (1) in a region of its external wall, the cuff (3) being inflatable through a conduit (5) arranged at the wall of the tube (1), linking the interior of the tube (1) to the interior of the cuff (3), the inflation and deflation of the cuff (3) being determined by the rhythms of the inspiration and expiration of air, respectively.

Description

PROBE FOR MEDICAL USE Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a probe for intubation of patients in various medical and / or surgical procedures (e.g., tracheotomy, oro- and nasotracheal intubation probe, etc.) of the type consisting basically of a tube. through which air is supplied to the body of a patient, and an inflatable cuff used to prevent extravasation of the supplied air, which causes the air flow to always come and go through the tube (not through the region between the tube and intubated tubular organ) / to control the internal pressure of the airways and additionally to fix the probe to the walls of a passage of the human body, and located around the part of the outer wall of the tube.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Several types of probes are known, which are used to intubate patients. A serious disadvantage of the probes of the prior art is that the cuff, which accounts for the fixation of the probe to a specific place in the human body, remains inflated from the beginning to the end of the REF period: 169848 intubation, which can cause injuries to patients if this period is prolonged, for the reason of total or partial blockage of blood circulation in the region where the cuff exerts pressure on the walls of the passage of the human body where intubation is done, for example, the trachea of a patient. In addition, in some cases, the cuff is inflated by inserting a fluid (usually iodine) into it by means of a syringe. This procedure is not carried out in a completely accurate and safe way. Excessive inflation of the cuff is another factor that contributes to the occurrence of these mentioned injuries. Furthermore, in the case of the probes of the prior art, the conformation of the probe for introduction into the human body is carried out with the help of a metallic thread, inserted in the tube of the probe. The insertion of the metal thread in the tube of the probe can damage some organ or some tissue of the patient, in the case in which the metallic thread exceeds the length of the tube of the probe. U.S. Patent No. 4,697,574 concerns a coronary and circulatory assistance pump that uses cuffs to block the aorta and coronary arteries in diastole. According to that patent, the passage for blood from the aorta is kept open by means of a system of two cuffs that inflate and deflate sequentially, the sequence that is determined by the signals of an electrocardiogram device, which are used as orders to sequentially inflate and deflate the "two sleeves for the purpose of never interrupting the blood flow in the aorta, which would obviously cause the death of the patient. However, in addition to being specific for use in the aorta, it is technically complex construction, requiring two cuffs and mainly, imposing an artificial rhythm of opening and closing the passage of blood circulation, which is undesirable from the physiological point of view U.S. Patent No. 4,791,923 concerns a tracheal catheter composed of an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, the latter being located inside the outer sleeve, the sleeves that are inflated in a non-physiological way by conduits. very thin, they only work under high pressure, in addition, these sleeves do not inflate, if they are connected to the lumen of the tube. da has the purpose of completely sealing the trachea with the outer sleeve, without allowing the escape of gases. However, due to the elasticity of the trachea and its consequent dilation, inflated gases escape. EP-A-0, 766, 976 describes a probe with only a suction system that sucks only the inside of the tube. This probe prevents contamination and respiratory problems during suctions, as well as carries out these suctions continuously. Since it has an internal cannula for continuous suction, the lumen of the probe is reduced. This probe is distributed with the use of a connector with the Y for introduction of the suction catheter. WO-A-99/38548 concerns a probe having a lumen dedicated to the suction actuator for sucking secretions from the trachea. This probe does not have a valve, or bypass, for the connection of internal and external aspirations; These aspirations can be carried out simultaneously or alternatively, in the event that the probe has a valve. U.S. Patent No. 5,452,716 describes a tracheal tube to aid in the breathing of patients with respiratory failure, while their breathing is under control. WO-A-99/66975 describes an intratracheal ventilation catheter. In this catheter, the entire suctioned air passes through the sleeve, with the air flowing to the distal end of the sleeve until it reaches the trachea, and the expired air is put out of the tube. In that instrument, the air outlet of the sleeve is the same air inlet. U.S. Patent No. 6,463,927 describes a guide for an endotracheal tube made from a plastic material that contains a bent rod. FR-A-2, 826, 283 deals with an endotracheal medical surgical probe adaptable only to the morphologies of oral regions and external segments of the patient's mouth.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to prevent injuries caused by prolonged intubation of a patient with a probe provided with an inflatable cuff. Another object of the present invention is to provide more tranquility to the doctor when performing surgeries that require a prolonged time to intubate the patient, as well as to provide a suitable probe to facilitate intubation in emergency situations. A further object of the present invention is to prevent possible injuries caused by inserting the metallic thread of the "tube in order to form the probe." The invention also has the object of preventing the use of a pharyngoscope. that the cuff inflates excessively, which will cause injury to the patient Another object of the invention is to provide a specialty probe for patients who remain intubated for a long time, regardless of its duration. The objects described above of the invention are achieved by means of the probe which will be described in greater detail below.

Brief Description of the Invention The present invention has achieved the objects cited above by means of a probe for medical use, consisting basically of a tube designed to receive blown air, and a first sleeve arranged around the tube in a region of its outer wall , the first sleeve that is inflatable by means of a first conduit located in the wall of the tube, which accounts for the communication of the interior of the first sleeve with the interior of the tube. In this way, the insufflation of the first cuff is governed by the air flow injected into the tube during the inspiratory movement, causing the probe to attach itself to the walls of the passageway of the human body that is intubated; while deflation of the first cuff occurs when air is expelled from the patient's lung through the tube during the expiratory movement. This causes the first cuff to temporarily deflate, thereby relieving the mechanical pressure on the walls of the passage of the human body and making blood circulation possible until a new air flow is injected, which may come from an artificial respiration device or the patient's normal breathing. In this way, the first cuff is inflated during inspiration and deflated during expiration to the natural rhythm of the patient's breathing or the artificial breathing apparatus. In this way, the problems mentioned above, of the prior art, are eliminated and the probe of the present invention has an ideal performance from the physiological point of view. Additionally, the first sleeve can be inflated from a conduit that is not connected to the lumen of the tube, but rather to one of the legs of the Y connector, connected to the probe or otherwise directly from a source coming from the ventilator or another mechanism that follows the same respirator cycle. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the probe further comprises a means that provides the tube with an elastic memory, located in the wall of the tube consisting of a guide thread made of a flexible and malleable, radiopaque material. This means allows the tube of the probe to be molded simultaneously and the probe to be seen in an x-ray photograph; for example, in addition to allowing the probe to be molded, adapting its outlet to the mouth, nose or tracheostomy orifice, preventing the known lesions caused by probes to the lips, gums, teeth, tongue, sides of the nose and neighboring structures of the tracheostomies. This medium that has elastic memory allows a simple intubation, fast no. traumatic, and even without a laryngoscope. According to another embodiment of the invention, the probe for medical use comprises, in addition to the tube, the first sleeve and the first conduit of the tube wall that connects the interior of the tube with the interior of the sleeve, a second and a third conduit in the wall of the tube, which extend along the length of the tube that are capable of being coupled to an external suction device. The second conduit has holes near one end, which provide communication from the interior of the second conduit with the interior of the conduit, the other end being connectable to a suction device, thus allowing the secretions existing inside the conduit to be sucked. of the probe, which prevents the tube from getting stuck. The holes remain in the rear wall of the tube 1, at a distance of 1 centimeter from each other and extend from the sleeve to the distal end of the tube. Their diameters are equal to, or smaller than, that conduit that has given them origin.

The third conduit, in turn, has holes near one of its ends, which provide communication of the interior of the third conduit with the external region of the tube, the other end being connectable to an extrusion device, so that they can also be suck the secretions that exist inside the tube. The holes also remain in the posterior wall of the tube that is related to the posterior wall of the trachea, has a diameter equal to or smaller than that of the duct from which it originates, and are in numbers of three in the oropharynx and three in the trachea, on the sleeve 1 by one centimeter when the latter is fully inflated, and are separated from each other by 1.5 centimeters. In addition, the second and third conduits are connectable at their ends to a first 3-way connection means, coupled to the external suction device and provided with a switch that allows suction in each of the conduits separately or in both conduits at the same time. In this way, depending on the position of the switch, either the secretions that exist inside the tube can only be sucked (through the second conduit) or the secretions that exist from the external region of the tube (through the third conduit) as well as the secretions of both regions at the same time. According to one modality of this invention, the first conduit is connectable to a second 3-way connecting means, provided with a switch that allows to control the mode of operation of the probe. In that way, the probe can also be used in a conventional manner, with non-physiological pressure, depending on the position of the switch. In this case, the sleeve is inflated by injecting fluid into one of the routes of the connecting means and remains permanently inflated. The probe is further provided with a second monitoring sleeve, located around the first conduit, also linked to the interior of the first conduit in the region near the opening of the tube receiving air insufflation, which is inflated and deflated at the same rate as it takes inflation and deflation of the first cuff. The second sleeve is used to monitor the operation of the first sleeve, since it will only be inflated if the first sleeve is intact. Its use is mainly as a hypertension relief valve, since the cuff is elastic and extensible, absorbing any excess pressure, so that the cuff, at best, only rests against the trachea without damaging it. The trachea is more resistant than the satellite sleeve. For this reason, the satellite sleeve expands and still bursts in cases of too high pressure, making barotraumas impossible on the walls of the trachea.

Another mode of probe is also provided, the probe having two tubes coupled side by side, one of which is longer than the other, which allows selective lung insufflations, for example, by connecting an artificial respiration device to one of the tubes of the probe and when simultaneously inflating the first cuffs of each tube, the first cuff of the first tube that is close to the bronchi, and the first cuff of the second tube that is in the region of the trachea, surrounding the two tubes together . For this purpose, the air outlet of the hose from the tube that is not connected to the artificial breathing apparatus must be kept closed. If, on the other hand, it is desired to effect selective inflation of the other lung, for example, the artificial breathing apparatus is connected to the other tube, closing the air outlet of the tube sleeve that is not connected to the breathing apparatus.

Differences between the present invention and the relevant prior art In order to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention and to point out the differences of the present medical probe in relation to the relevant documents of the prior art, a description is made below: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the probe for medical use of the present invention, the figure illustrating the probe tube, the first sleeve, the first conduit located on the wall of the tube, having an opening in the interior of the first sleeve and an opening in the interior of the tube, as well as the means providing the tube with an elastic memory, consisting of a radiopaque flexible rod in the preferred embodiment of the invention, which extends completely in the entire tube. Figure 2 is a top view of section AA 'of the first probe embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, showing the first sleeve, the first conduit, located in the wall of the tube along the length of the tube, and the radiopaque flexible rod. Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a second probe mode according to the present invention, the figure illustrating the probe tube, the first sleeve, the first conduit located on the tube wall, having an opening in the inside of the first sleeve and an opening inside the tube, the radiopaque flexible rod and the second sleeve, which monitors the operation of the first sleeve, and absorbs the excess pressure of the system, thus preventing hypertension in the first cuff and consequently the tension of the first cuff in the trachea. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a third probe embodiment of the present invention, illustrating, in addition to the components described in Figure 3 (probe tube, first sleeve, first conduit located in the wall of the tube with a opening in the interior of the first sleeve and a second opening in the interior of the tube, the flexible radiopaque rod and the second sleeve), the connection means, which allows the probe to be used as a conventional probe, with active inflation of the first sleeve by means of a syringe, or also with positive inflation of the first cuff of the inspiratory movement with the physiological pressure of the airways, the backflow of air during the expiration that closes immediately, thus maintaining permanently inflated the first cuff, but with physiological pressure. Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the probe for medical use, illustrating the tube of the probe, the first sleeve, the first conduit located in the wall of the tube, having an opening in the interior of the tube. first hose and an opening in the tube, the flexible radiopaque rod, the second and third conduit, provided with holes and arranged in the wall of the tube, through which suction the secretions that exist inside and outside the tube of the probe, the first and second connection means, as well as the second sleeve to monitor the first sleeve. Figure 6 is a top view of the section BB 'of the fourth probe embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, showing the first sleeve, the first conduit, the second conduit and the third conduit, located in the wall of the tube along the length of the tube, as well as the flexible radiopaque rod along the entire length of the tube. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing, in detail, the second sleeve, which communicates with the first duct, which accounts for the monitoring in the first cuff, besides being one of the main mechanisms of protection of the cuff. wall of the trachea, since it prevents hypertension in the first cuff, which is elastic, dilatable and has low resistance in its filling. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of the probe of the present invention, illustrating, in addition to the components described in Figure 5 (probe tube, first sleeve, first conduit, radioopaque flexible rod, second and third conduits, first and second connection means and second sleeve), the detail of a portion of the first sleeve that is connected to the second sleeve and that is external to the wall of the tube and concertina, so. Its length can be adjusted if necessary to shorten the probe or increase it. Figure 9 shows another embodiment of the probe for medical use with the same characteristics of the modalities described above, but also comprising a second tube similar to the first, laterally coupled to the first tube, which has a shorter length than the latter and a first conduit communicating the interior of the second tube with the interior of the first sleeve of the second tube, the first conduit extending into the interior of the first sleeve of the first tube. The metal guide remains placed in the largest wall of the tube to its tip, or in the middle portion of the two tubes, and from this point to the tip of the largest tube.

Detailed Description of the Figures Figure 1 illustrates a first embodiment of the probe for medical use of the present invention. This first embodiment comprises a tube 1, provided with at least one opening 2 for receiving air insufflations, of a first sleeve 3, arranged around the tube 1 in a region of its outer wall, which is inflatable by means of a first conduit 5 arranged in the wall of the tube 1 having an opening in the interior of the first sleeve 3 and another opening in the interior of the tube 1. The inflation of the first sleeve 3 is it presents when injecting an air flow in the opening of the tube of the probe 2 during the inspiration, causing the fixation of the probe to the walls of the passage of the human body that is intubated and sealing or occluding mainly the trachea, so that it will not escape the inspired air. The deflation of the first sleeve 3, in turn, occurs in the period of time in which air is expelled from the lungs of the patient through the tube 1 of the probe, that is, during expiration, providing relief of the mechanical pressure that was exerted by the first sleeve 3 on the walls of the passage of the human body and making possible the blood circulation in this region until a new air flow is injected into the human body. In this way, inflation and deflation of the first cuff 3 takes place following the rhythm of the patient's breathing (inspiration and expiration, respectively), which makes the probe physiologically ideal. It should be noted that the inflow of air inflated into the tube 1 of the probe can also come from an artificial breathing apparatus, in patients with mechanical ventilation or any other ventilation mode, including conscious patients who breathe spontaneously with a catheter or tracheotomy tube. In addition, Figure 1 shows the means 4 that provides the probe tube 1 with an elastic memory, located in the wall of the tube along the length of the tube 1. In this medium 4 it consists of a guide thread made of a material flexible and radio-opaque, which allows the tube 1 of the probe to be shaped and the probe to be seen in a x-ray photograph and tracheal intubation without the use of a laryngoscope with the head and neck of the patient at any angle and / or position . This prevents serious injuries to the lips, gums, teeth, sides of nose and other tracheostomy holes, in addition to molding the probe at the exit of the mouth and / or nose and / or tracheostomy or other cannulas such as artery and venous cannulas used in heart surgeries or other types of surgery that need a flexible plastic tube with elastic memory. This elastic memory gives the tube an important purpose: to make it a first choice in emergency procedures such as CRA (cardiorespiratory arrest) and / or polytraumatisms and facial and cervical injuries, because it is distributed with the guide thread and the laryngoscope. Figure 2 is a top view in section AA 'of the first probe mode illustrated in the Figure 1. In this figure, the first sleeve 3, arranged around the tube 1, and the first conduit 5, located on the wall of the tube along the length of the tube, having an opening inside the first, is illustrated. sleeve 3 and a second opening in the interior of the tube 1 or also in the interior • of a connector preferably-shaped Y coupled to the tube 1, or also coupled to a source independent of the respirator that has a cycle in it rhythm of respiration or also specific equipment to inflate and deflate the cuffs, in a synchronous manner with the respirator cycle. Figure 3 illustrates a second probe mode for medical use, which also consists of a tube 1, which will receive air insufflation; a first sleeve 3, arranged around the tube 1, in a region of its external wall, the first sleeve 3 which is inflatable by means of the conduit 5 arranged in the wall of the tube, having an opening inside the first sleeve 6 and another opening inside the tube 7; and a means 4 that provides the probe tube 1 with an elastic memory, located in the wall of the tube along the length of the tube 1. It should be noted that the inflation and deflation of the first sleeve 3 is effected by following the procedure described above for the first probe mode for medical use.

The probe of this second embodiment, illustrated in Figure 3, is additionally provided with a second sleeve 16 for monitoring, which is also linked to the interior in the first conduit 5 in the region near the opening 2 of the tube receiving insufflation from air and inflates and deflates together with the first sleeve 3. The second sleeve 16 monitors the operation of the first sleeve 3 and is inflated only if the first sleeve 3 is intact. This satellite sleeve 16 is elastic and extensible, working mainly as an air valve. relief for any excessive pressure on the tracheal and bronchial cuffs, so that the most that can happen is that the cuffs rest against the trachea and never press on it; since the satellite has less resistance to expand, assuming the excess pressure. If the pressure is too great, the satellites will expand until they burst and in this case, the trachea will not be injured by the sleeves, which only rest against it. This means that the trachea has much less strain than the satellite sleeves. Figure 4 illustrates a third probe mode for medical use, comprising the same elements of the probe mode of Figure 3, described above. The inflation and deflation to the third sleeve 3 is carried out by the same procedure of the embodiment of the figure previous. In the probe mode of Figure 4, the first conduit 5 is connected to a connection means 20, provided with a switch that allows to control the mode of operation of the probe. In this way, the probe can also be used in a conventional manner, with non-physiological pressure, the first sleeve 3 being inflated, in this case, by insertion of a fluid that remains permanently inflated even if it is inflated with high pressure, one that will absorb the excess pressure is the satellite cuff and not the first cuff, that is, in any way of operation there will never be hyperpressure in the cuffs against the wall of the bronchi and trachea. The probe will also be used with passive inflation of the first sleeve 3 in the inspiratory movement, with the physiological pressure of the airways, the backflow of air and deflation of the sleeve 3 which is prevented when closing the connection means 20. In this way, the first sleeve 3 remains permanently inflated, but with physiological pressure of the airways. Another embodiment of the probe for medical use is shown in Figure 5, which also comprises a tube 1, which will receive air insufflation; a first sleeve 3, arranged around the tube 1 in a region of its external wall, the first sleeve 3 which is inflatable through a first conduit 5 arranged in the wall of the tube, which has an opening inside the first sleeve 6 and another opening inside the tube 1, or from a direct source of respirator, or from Y connected to the probe or a specific equipment for inflating and deflating the sleeves with low pressure, so synchronous with the respirator cycle. The inflation and deflation of the first sleeve 3 is effected by following the same procedure described above for the first modality of a probe for medical use. Figure 5 also shows the means 4 provided by the probe tube 1 with an elastic, localized memory of the tube wall along the length of the tube 1, which consists of a guide thread made of a flexible radiopaque material. which allows the molding of the tube 1 of the probe, the vision of the probe in an X-ray photograph and the tracheal intubation without the use of a laryngoscope, and mainly in emergencies for intubation, such as CRA (cardiorespiratory arrest), polytraumatisms, facial and cervical injury, emergency tracheostomy, facilitates and accelerates most of the intubation procedure, since it is distributed with the guide and even the laryngoscope, minutes or seconds less, which can represent life of the patient, which also prevents the risks of injuries caused by conventional guides and laryngoscope when performed by non-experienced persons, such as rupture of teeth, laceration of the gums, tongue, oropharynx, perforation of oropharynx, stomach, trachea, bronchi, larynx, vocal cords and underlying organs such as the aorta. In addition, the probe mode shown in Figure 5 further comprises a second conduit and a third conduit 10, located in the wall of the tube and extending along the length of the tube 1, the second tube 8 which is provided with holes 9 near one of its ends, which connects the interior of the tube with the interior of the second conduit 8, while the other end is accommodatable to the external suction means, and the third conduit 10 that is provided with holes 11 near one of its ends above the tracheal sleeve , which connects the interior of the third conduit 10 to the external region of the tube 1, while the other end of the third conduit 10 is attachable to an external suction means that can be automatic, continuous, intermittent or manual, carried out by the practitioner same or paramedic. In this way, the secretions that exist inside the tube 1 and in the external region of the tube 1 can be sucked through the second conduit 8 and the third conduit 10, respectively, thus preventing any obstruction of the passage for the flow of air that can be caused by the presence of these secretions. The second conduit 8 and the third conduit 10 are also connectable to a first 3-way connecting means 12, provided with a switch 13 for controlling the suction of the secretions through the second conduit 8 and the third conduit 10, the first connecting means 12 which is coupled to an external means of suction. Depending on the position of the switch 13, any of the secretions located within the tube 1 alone or those located in the outer region of the tube 1 can only be sucked, or the secretions of both regions can be sucked at the same time. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first conduit 1 can be connected to a second 3-way connecting means 14, provided with a switch 5 that allows to control the mode of operation of the probe. In this way, the probe can also be used in a conventional manner, with non-physiological pressure, depending on the position of the switch 5, the first sleeve 3 that is inflated, in this case, by inserting a fluid in one of the ways for the second connection means 14, and that remains permanently inflated, or also with positive inflation of the first sleeve 3 at the time of inspiration, with physiological pressure of the airways, the backflow of air and the deflation of the first sleeve 3 which is prevented from closing the first connection means 14. In this way, the first sleeve 3 remains permanently inflated, but with the physiological pressure of the airways. The probe shown in Figure 5 is additionally provided with a second sleeve 16 proposed for monitoring, located around the first conduit 5, also linked to the interior of the first conduit 5 in the region near the opening 2 of the tube receiving air insufflation, which is inflated and deflated in conjunction with the first sleeve 3. The second sleeve 16 monitors the operation of the first sleeve 3 and also inflates if the first sleeve 3 is intact and is one of the elements responsible for the especially non-traumatic nature of this Probe, since it is elastic and dilatable, prevents, in any circumstance, the occurrence of hyperpression in the cuffs, thus preventing the risk of ischemia or mechanical trauma of the trachea through the cuff (preventing barotrauma). Figure 6 is a top view of the section BB 'of the probe mode illustrated in Figure 5. This figure illustrates the first sleeve 3, the first duct 5, the second duct 8 and the third duct 10, arranged in the wall of the tube along the length of the tube. Figure 7 shows a second sleeve 16 similar to the first 3, which communicates with the first conduit 5 and is inflated and deflated in connection with the first sleeve 3. The second sleeve 16 is located near the end of the tube where the opening 2 is located which receives insufflation of air. The second sleeve 16 is inflated and deflated at the same rate of inflation and deflated from the first sleeve 3, which is used to monitor the first sleeve 3, since inflation will only occur if the first sleeve 3 is intact and functions as a valve of relief for depression peaks, since it is elastic and dilatable. Figure 8 illustrates a fifth embodiment of a probe for medical use, comprising the same elements and having the same mode of operation of the probe mode of Figure 5, described above. However, in this probe mode, the first conduit 5 has a concertina portion 21 outside the tube wall, near the end connected to the second sleeve 16. In this way, the length of the first conduit 5 can be adjusted, if it is necessary to cut the probe in order to reduce the dead space or also increase it in order to increase the dead space. Figure 9 shows another embodiment of a probe for medical use with the same characteristics of the modalities described above, but additionally comprising a second tube 17, similar to the first 1, that is, it is also provided with at least one opening to receive insufflation of air, from a first sleeve arranged around the two tubes 1 and 17 in a region in its outer walls, inflatable through a first conduit 18 arranged in the wall 17 of the tube, having an opening in the interior of the first sleeve and another opening in the interior of the tube 17, this first conduit extending to the interior of the First cuff 3 of the first tube 1. The inflation and deflation of the first cuff of the second tube 17 and of the common tracheal cuff comprising the two tubes is presented in the same manner described above for the first cuff 3 of the first tube 1. This second tube 17 is coupled laterally to the first tube 1 and is shorter than the first tube 1. The conduits 5 and 18 that communicate the inside of the tube with the sleeves and that carry part of the inspired air to inflate them, must necessarily show expansion to the proportion of approximately 1/3 of the gauge of the probe, which is located in the thickness of the wall of the probe, so that they will project inwards or outwards. This large gauge, in spite of being larger than conventional probes, will cause the resistance to air flow to be low and the sleeves inflated before the air reaches the end of the probe, ensuring that the trachea will be sealed. it will prevent the leakage of inspired gases. If the size of these ducts is small, equal to that of the conventional zones, the resistance is greater and the hoses will not be inflated and so that The total inspired air will escape around the probe, rendering it ineffective and unsuitable for use. In addition, the location of the air inlet of these ducts must be either at the proximal end of the probe or in a Y connector, never near the cuff, whether tracheal or bronchial, for the following reasons: a) being distant, the sleeve will be inflated before the aspirated air reaches the tip of the probe, thus preventing the waste of gases. When the volume of the inspired air represents twice the volume of air in the sleeve, the latter will be filled, and the air has only reached the degree of the probe retaining the new volume, that is, it will never have reached the tip. This is very important, since otherwise the cuff will not inflate enough to seal the trachea and allow ventilation with positive pressure; b) the air inlet of the ducts communicating with the interior of the probe, such as the cuff, may never be at the most distant end of the probe, near the cuff. In this case, the inspired air will reach the tip of the probe at a high speed and instead of inflating the sleeve, the air will suck it by the Venturi effect, drying it even more. The probe will be completely ineffective, since the cuff will not inflate. Also, even if the cuff inflated a bit this will be for a short period, since this location and the size of its orifice will be factors that will quickly lead to its obstruction, as well as to an almost immediate flooding of the cuff chamber by secretions, which would otherwise render the catheter ineffective; c) the angle of attack of the air inlet of the duct connecting the sleeves to the lumen of the tube can never be in the direction opposite to the inspired air flow, nor even at a 90 degree angle. It has to form an obtuse angle with respect to the upper surface of the tube, that is, it must be in the same direction as the air inspired by the legs of the Y. This is fundamental, otherwise the air inspired by passing through the orifice will generate a Venturi effect, which will suck the sleeve and will not inflate it. It should be understood that the probe for medical use and its components described above are only a few modalities that may exist. The actual scope of the object of the invention is defined in the appended claims. It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known by the applicant to carry out the present invention is that which is clear from the present description of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. CLAIMS Having described the invention as above, the content of the following claims is claimed as property: 1. Probe for medical use comprising: at least one tube having at least one opening for receiving air insufflation; and a first sleeve, arranged around the tube in a region of its outer wall; the first sleeve that is inflatable through a first conduit having an opening inside the first sleeve and another opening inside the tube, characterized in that it further comprises a second tube coupled laterally to the first tube, wherein the first conduit of the first conduit second tube extends to the interior of the first sleeve of the first tube.
2. 2. Probe according to claim 1, characterized in that the first sleeve is located near the end of the tube opposite to where the opening that receives the air insufflation is located.
3. 3. Probe according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a second conduit in the wall of the tube, which extends along the length of the tube, which is connectable to an external medium, and which has, near one of its ends, holes that communicate the inside of the tube with the inside of the second conduit.
4. 4. Probe according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it also comprises a third conduit in the wall of the tube, which extends along the length of the tube, which is connectable to an external medium, and which has , near one of its ends, holes that communicates the interior of the third conduit with the external region of the tube.
5. 5. Probe in accordance with the claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the external medium is a means of suction.
6. 6. Probe according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that each of the second and third conduit has another end extending outside the tube for coupling a first connection means, which has a switch to control the suction in the second and third conduit and which is coupled to a suction means.
7. 7. Probe according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first conduit, which connects the interior of the first sleeve to the inside of the tube, is connectable to a second connection means, which has a switch for controlling the mode of operation of the probe.
8. 8. Probe according to any of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a second sleeve coupled to the interior of the first conduit that is to be inflated and deflated in connection with the first sleeve, located near the end of the tube, where the opening that receives the insufflation of air is located.
9. 9. Probe according to claim 8, characterized in that the first conduit is a passage made in the wall of the tube, which has the portion outside the wall of the tube.
10. 10. Probe according to claim 9, characterized in that the external portion of the conduit is in the form of a concertina near the end connected to the second sleeve.
11. 11. Probe according to any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises a means that provides the tube with an elastic memory, located along the wall of the tube.
12. 12. Probe according to claim 11, characterized in that the means that provides the tube with an elastic memory is radiopaque.
13. 13. Probe according to claim 1, characterized in that the second tube is shorter than the first tube.