MXPA02009243A - In place superfinishing of crankshaft thrust bearing faces. - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for the in situ superfinishing of crankshaft thrust bearing surfaces includes an oscillator, an oscillation arm connected to the oscillator such that the oscillation arm is reciprocable by the oscillator, a caliper disposed on the oscillation arm remote from the oscillator, and at least two abrasive pads disposed on the caliper. The oscillation arm facilitates the extension of the arm into the engine to cause the abrasive pads to engage the bearing and to abrasively superfinish the surfaces of the bearing. A method for the in situ superfinishing of the surfaces of the bearing includes operably locating a superfinishing apparatus adjacent the engine, extending the abrasive pads into the engine, causing the abrasive pads to engage the surfaces to be superfinished, and oscillating the abrasive pads in contact with the surfaces to be superfinished.

Description

SUPERACABADO IN SITÍO OF BEARING SIDES OF PUSH FOR A CRANKSHAFT ARROW CROSS REFERENCE WITH RELATED APPLICATION This application claims the benefit of the United States provisional patent application serial number 60 / 190,826, filed on March 21, 2000, and whose full contents are incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION Some mechanical components, in particular the thrust bearings and the crankshaft arrows, often require a higher quality in the surface finishes than in the surface finishes of other mechanical components. The finishing or "superacabado" of the mechanical components has been carried out in the technique related to removing the component in question from the machine, composing the part and applying an oscillating movement to the part with a superafinished stone. The superafinished stone is formed by means of an abrasive action and has a suitable geometric shape. The coupling of the superfinished stone, the component in question and the oscillating movement of the stone on the surface of the component, create the desired surface finish. The pressure that is applied to the surface through the stone can be adjusted depending on the desired final finish, and in this way a finish is achieved with a extraordinary quality BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The devices available in the related art for super-finishing surfaces, usually require that the particular component to be finished is removed from the machine before the finishing process can be performed. .

The time required for super-finishing the machine components generally results in a large amount of time lost in the operation of the machine. Frequently, a significant amount of time lost is attributed to the disassembly of the machinery, in order to allow the components that require superfinishing to be removed from it. Another part of the lost time is attributed to the superfinished operation itself, as well as to the reassembly of the machinery. Lost time can significantly increase the total cost associated with the machine.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0002] An apparatus for on-site superfinishing of thrust bearing faces for a crankshaft arrow is described herein. The apparatus includes an oscillator, an oscillator arm connected to the oscillator, in order that the oscillating arm has a reciprocal characteristic by means of the oscillator, a calibrator disposed on the oscillation arm at a location remote from the oscillator. oscillator and at least two abrasion bearings arranged on the calibrator. The oscillating arm is configured, located and sized to facilitate the extension of the arm inside the motor to cause the abrasion bearings to engage the thrust bearing. The abrasion bearings are configured to overcome the abrasive surfaces of the thrust bearing. One method for on-site superfinishing of the thrust bearing surfaces includes locating so that a superfinishing apparatus adjacent to the motor can be operated, extending the abrasion bearings within the motor, causing the abrasion bearings to engage the surfaces that are attached. They are going to superacabar and oscillate the abrasion bearings that are in contact with the surfaces to be superacabadas.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic view of the end of a crankshaft arrow and a thrust bearing with a superfinishing apparatus in place mounted on the exterior of the motor wall and coupled with the thrust bearing. Figure 2 is a side view of the oscillating arm. Figure 3 is a plan view of the swing arm. Figure 4 is a top view of the calibrator plane.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With reference to Figure 1, a unit of a crankshaft arrow is generally shown with the number 8. The unit 8 of the crankshaft arrow comprises a crank shaft 10 located adjacent to the inner wall of a motor block 12 of a motor (not shown). ) into which the unit 8 of the crankshaft arrow is incorporated. The crankshaft arrow 10 provides an articulated movement for connecting the rods and pistons (not shown) of the engine during the operation thereof. A thrust bearing 14 is maintained in operative association with the crankshaft arrow 10. An on-site overfinishing apparatus for use with the crankshaft arrow unit 8 is generally shown with the numeral 15, which is hereinafter referred to as the "superfinishing apparatus 15". The superfinishing apparatus 15 comprises an oscillating arm 24, a gauge 36 which extends essentially coaxially from one end of the oscillating arm 24 and is mounted thereon by means of bolts 40, and abrasion bearings 42 arranged in a end of the 36 gauge distal of the oscillating arm 24. The abrasion bearings 42 are maintained in mechanical communication with the thrust bearing 14. An opposite end of the oscillating arm 24 extends through an outer wall of the engine block 12 and includes an oscillator 22 mounted thereon. An adjuster support, which is usually shown with the number 20, is arranged on the intermediate oscillator 22 of the oscillatory arm 24 and the outer wall of the engine block 12. The adjuster bracket 20 is pivotally mounted on the outer wall of the engine block 12, with the use of a bolt 19 extending therethrough. The ends of the bolt 19 are secured by means of a bracket 18 mounted on a bracket 16. The pivoting adjustment of the adjusting bracket 20 is effected by repositioning a group of screws 21 disposed through the bracket 20 and mounted inside the bracket. bracket 16. The degree of lateral movement of the oscillating arm 24 depends on the length of the bolt 19 and along which the adjuster bracket 20 can be moved laterally, as well as the width of the adjuster bracket 20. The range of lateral movement preferably is approximately 1.27 cm. to 5.08 cm. The operating portions of the oscillator 22 are fixedly connected to the oscillating arm by means of fasteners (not shown) extending through the oscillator 22. Referring now to Figures 2 and 3, the oscillating arm 24 is illustrated in more detail The swing arm 24 is made of a light weight material, such as aluminum and comprises a coupling end 28 through which the holes 26 extend, an extension section 30 disposed on the coupling end 28 and a section 32 of the calibrator coupling arranged on the extension section 30. Coupling 32 of the gauge is a displacement clamp having an aperture 34 of the proper size to receive the calibrator. The bolt openings 38 extend through the displaced clamp to provide access to the bolts connecting the caliper to the caliper coupling 32. The dimensions of the displaced clamp and an opening 34 thereof are so that the gauge can be maintained in the gauge coupling section 32 with a certain degree of play between the gauge and the defining surfaces of the displacement clamp. The clearance between the outer surfaces of the bolts and the openings 38 of the bolt, is so that the bolts can rotate axially in the openings 38 of the bolt, and thereby improve the flexibility of the caliper relative to the oscillation arm 24. Referring now to Figure 4, the gauge 36 is shown in greater detail. The calibrator 36 comprises a first ratchet 36a of the calibrator and a second ratchet 36b of the calibrator, each individually connected to the coupling section 32 of the calibrator by means of a bolt extending through an opening 38 of the corresponding bolt. . The ratchets 36a and 36b of the caliper are arranged separately to allow each abrasion bearing 42 to maintain mechanical communication with respect to the opposing surfaces of the thrust bearing. The building materials of the ratchets 36a, 36b of the gauge include, but are not limited to, aluminum and other lightweight materials that have sufficient rigidity to reduce the effects of cantilevered weight on the oscillator. The ratchets 36a, 36b of the caliper are also driven together by means of a drive element. The drive member, as shown in Figure 4, comprises an array of tension springs 44 disposed between each ratchet 36a, 36b of the gauge. The tension springs 44 are sized so that the gauge 36 provides a selected tension force to maintain adequate friction communication between each abrasion pad 42 and its respective surface for which finishing is desired. The tensile force provided by means of the arrangement of the tension springs 44 is selected so that approximately between 1.36 kg and 2.27 kg / cm2 of compression force is maintained in the abrasion bearings 42 when the abrasion bearings 42 remain in contact operative with the thrust bearing. By providing the finishing force to the gauge 36 by means of the drive element, the bending movement is reduced, which would otherwise be required along the oscillating arm, and in this way the bending movement of the oscillating arm is deflected and the tensions associated therewith are imparted on the same oscillator and its brackets . By avoiding flexion movement, a much simpler design can be made while maintaining the superior features of the superfinish. The abrasion bearings 42 comprise an abrasion material disposed on a backing material. The material of Abrasion usually comprises finely graded diamond particles securely attached to the backing material with a metal liner or resin bond. The abrasion bearings 42 are sized to allow the operation of the superfinishing apparatus in a space having a clearance of at least 0.95 cm. These abrasion bearings are known as flexible diamond products and can be found on the market with various suppliers, such as 3M in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Referring again to Figure 1, the operation of the superfinishing apparatus 15 is described. The rotary movement of the crankshaft arrow 10 during the operation of the engine necessitates the rotary movement of the thrust bearing 14. The caliper 36 extends from the caliper coupling section 32, so that mechanical communication can be maintained between the abrasion bearings 42 disposed on the caliper pawls and the outer surfaces of the thrust bearing 14. The drive element performs mechanical communication to ensure that the frictional contact is maintained between the abrasion bearings 42 and the outer surfaces of the thrust bearing 14. After the rotation of the thrust bearing 14 and oscillation of the oscillating arm 24, the frictional contact between the abrasion bearings 42 and the outer surfaces of the thrust bearing 14 causes super-finishing of the surfaces of the thrust bearing 14. Due to the flexibility provided in the gauge coupling 42 by By means of the bolts 40 arranged in the openings of the bolt, the caliper 36 is centered automatically with respect to the thrust bearing 14. The automatic centering of the gauge 36 necessitates the equal application of pressure by means of the abrasion bearings 42 to the surfaces of the thrust bearing 14 and thereby ensures that a smooth and proper finish is applied to the thrust bearing 14. While the invention was described with reference to a preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes may be made, and also that equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention, without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, the intention of the invention is not to limit itself to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but rather that the invention includes all modalities that are within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (18)

1. CLAIMS 1. An on-site superfinishing apparatus, characterized in that it comprises an oscillator; an oscillator arm connected to the oscillator, so that the oscillating arm has a reciprocal characteristic by means of the oscillator, the oscillating arm is configured, positioned and sized to facilitate extension and retraction inside and outside of a remote location in a device that has surfaces to be super-finished; a calibrator placed on the oscillator arm, the calibrator is located away from the oscillator; and at least two abrasion bearings disposed on the caliper, adjacent to each other and mounted by an impulse within a coupling with the surfaces, the abrasion bearings are configured to superacabe by abrasive means the surfaces to be superheated after the alternation of the arm. The on-site surface superfinishing apparatus, according to claim 1, characterized in that the abrasion bearings are placed in the calibrator so that the abrasion surfaces of the abrasion bearings are configured on opposite sides of each other. 3. The surface superfinishing apparatus in place, according to claim 2, characterized in that the abrasion bearings are driven together by means of the calibrator. 4. The on-site surface superfinishing apparatus, according to claim 1, characterized in that the calibrator includes at least two pawls and wherein each of at least the two abrasion pads is located in a corresponding pawl of the caliper. 5. The surface superfinishing apparatus in place, according to claim 4, characterized in that at least the two ratchets are driven together with a drive element. 6. The surface superfinishing apparatus in place, according to claim 5, characterized in that the impulse element is a spring. 7. The surface superfinishing apparatus in place, according to claim 1, characterized in that the calibrator is connected in a flexible manner with the oscillating arm. 8. The surface superfinishing apparatus in place, according to claim 7, characterized in that the calibrator is aligned automatically with respect to the surface to be super-finished. 9. The surface superfinishing apparatus in place, according to claim 3, characterized in that the calibrator applies a superfinishing force to at least the two abrasion bearings. 10. An apparatus for overcoming a surface in an engine, the apparatus comprises: means for causing an abrasion bearing to engage with the surface; and means for oscillating the abrasion bearing while the abrasion bearing is in frictional contact with the surface. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the means for causing the abrasion bearing to engage with the surface, comprises an arm having the abrasion bearing disposed therein, the arm is mounted on an outer surface of the motor and extends inside the motor to couple the surface to be super-finished. 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the arm comprises a calibrator, the calibrator has the abrasion bearing mounted thereon. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the calibrator comprises a first ratchet of the calibrator and a second ratchet of the calibrator, the first ratchet of the calibrator has a first abrasion bearing disposed therein and the second ratchet of the calibrator has a second abrasion bearing disposed therein. 14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the first ratchet of the caliper and the second ratchet of the caliper are urged together to apply opposing forces of compression to the surface to be overcome through the first abrasion bearing and the second Abrasion bearing. 15. The apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the first ratchet of the caliper and the second ratchet of the caliper are driven together with a tension spring. 16. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the calibrator is automatically centered on the surface to be super-finished. 17. The apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that the means for oscillating the abrasion bearing while the abrasion bearing is in frictional contact with the surface, comprises an oscillator. 18. A method for superfinishing on-site surfaces in a motor, the method characterized in that it comprises: locating a superfinishing device operating adjacent to the motor; extend at least two abrasion bearings inside the motor; causing at least the two abrasion bearings to be coupled to a surface to be super-finished; and oscillate at least the two abrasion bearings in contact with the surface to be overfilled.