MXPA01007015A - Compositions having improved delivery of actives - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention pertains to compositions having improved delivery of pharmaceutical actives. These compositions comprise pharmaceutical actives in an anhydrous solvent. These compositions may take the form of liquid elixirs placed into the mouth and eventually swallowed, or can be delivered via liquid-filled drops, metered liquid dosing devices, atomizers and liquid-releasing, edible capsules.

Description

COMPOSITIONS THAT HAVE IMPROVED SUPPLY OF ASSETS FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to compositions having improved delivery of pharmaceutical active ingredients. These compositions comprise pharmaceutical actives in a hydrophilic, anhydrous solvent. These compositions can take the form of liquid elixirs, which are placed in the mouth and finally ingested, or can be supplied by means of chewing gum and liquid filled lozenges, graduated devices for dosing liquids, atomizers and edible, releasing capsules of liquid. Said compositions are particularly useful for treating symptoms related to respiratory diseases.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Routes for delivering pharmaceutical actives include supplying assets by intranasal, pulmonary, buccal, sublingual, transdermal, and rectal administration. These routes tend to be used to avoid first-pass metabolism of drugs that are ingested. "First-pass metabolism" refers to the arrangement and order of placement of metabolizing enzymes within the body of a human, in relation to the path followed by the substances entering the gastrointestinal tract, when ingested, and absorbed into the body. general blood circulation. Items ingested by humans, including food, drink, and medicines, enter the stomach and from there flow to the intestine. Many of the chemicals related to food, drink, or medicine pass through the mucous membranes in the gastrointestinal tract, and to the blood in the mesenteric veins that drain from the intestine. Blood flows from the mesenteric veins to the liver. The enzymes of metabolism in the mucous membranes of the intestine and in the liver can chemically alter the nature of the substances that pass from the intestine, through the liver, and into the common blood circulation of the body. Since all the ingested drugs are subjected to the metabolic capacity of the intestinal mucous membranes and the liver before entering the general blood circulation of the body, often only a small fraction of these substances is not metabolized, and reaches the blood circulation general. Avoiding first-pass metabolism can increase the bioavailability, or blood concentrations of the compound administered. However, the metabolic formation of metabolites of the administered compound may decrease at the same time. Where the formation of metabolites of first pass metabolism is desired, it is not preferred to avoid first pass metabolism since it logically leads to lower amounts of the metabolite in the blood. In addition, the blood concentrations of the active substance may increase, inducing potential toxicity or side effects that are attributed to the active by itself. Reducing the amount of active in the dose to avoid toxicity, decreases the circulating blood levels of the active metabolite. This results in the loss of therapeutic effect and finally, the benefit to the patient. To provide medication that is effective and avoid unwanted side effects, the composition and its means of delivery must be modified. Respiratory diseases cover a wide range of diseases, including viral infections and allergic reaction to inhaled antigens. Viral infections in the upper respiratory tract of humans lead to diseases generally known as colds, or influenza. These diseases are very common in the general population and can cause significant discomfort and suffering. The inhalation of antigens also negatively impacts a considerable number in the population, to an equal or even greater degree than those who have a viral infection. There are still no methods that are effective and convenient to avoid viral infections or allergies. In the case of viral infections, the natural defense mechanisms of the body fight the infection during a period that normally ranges from three days to two weeks. This being the case, the most commonly used drugs treat the troublesome and troublesome symptoms of these respiratory diseases. These symptoms include a runny and stuffy nose, sore and swollen nose and throat, coughing, general body aches, temperature and headache. Of these symptoms, cough with non-controllable access is considered by many the most problematic and annoying. The cough interrupts normal breathing, causing increased headache and sore throat, as well as the loss of sleep of the sufferer of the disease and those who live with that person. The compositions used to treat the aforementioned symptoms are generally found in one of the following pharmacological classifications: antihistamines; decongestants; antitussives; expectorants; mucolytics; analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agents. The compositions are manufactured in a number of product forms, the most common being syrups and liquid elixirs for ingestion, drops and mouth drops as well as inhalants and topical creams or lotions that release volatile agents that are inhaled through the nose to the respiratory tract. The compositions are typically ingested immediately, or dissolve slowly in the mouth. They typically contain active ingredients such as guafenesin, which helps the body in the removal of excess respiratory mucus or phlegm, diphenhydramine, which lessens the negative effects including cough and other symptoms due to the histamine produced in the body in response to viral infection, and dextromethorphan, which acts inside the part of the human brain controlling the cough reflex. Among these assets, dextromethorphan is the most commonly used active in the world to relieve cough.

Dextromethorphan, by virtue of its physical-chemical properties, absorption and bioavailability, is a good candidate to increase bioavailability by means of administration methods different from those of ingestion. For example, it has been shown in patents and pharmaceutical literature that substantial increases in bioavailability can be achieved using intranasal formulations; see H. Char et al., Nasal Delivery of 14-C Dextromethorphan in Rats. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 81: 750, 1992. What has not been understood up to now is that after a constant and careful research on properties of the side effects, pharmaceutical and therapeutic of the active compounds, compositions can be elaborated to positively improve the therapeutic effect without increasing the side effects or toxicity.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide improved compositions for treating symptoms related to respiratory diseases, particularly by minimizing coughing accesses. The compositions are solutions of pharmaceutical actives in small volumes of anhydrous liquids that provide a rapid supply of pharmaceutical actives including antitussives; antihistamines (including non-sedating antihistamines); decongestants; expectorants; mucolytics; analgesic agents; antipyretics and anti-inflammatories and local anesthetics to treat the symptoms of respiratory diseases. The compositions can be dosed using a variety of product forms and, or package delivery options. The compositions of the present invention provide desired activity while minimizing the potential side effects of the active compounds. It is also an object of the present invention to provide methods for achieving a rapid transmucosal delivery of the aforementioned compositions.

Definitions and terms The following are definitions of the terms found in the specification of this: 1. - Transmucosal supply: Refers to the application of drugs to the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, including mouth (cheek), lips, gums, palates and tongue, with the purpose of the drug passing through the skin that covers these sites and enter the bloodstream. 2. - Therapeutic dose: It refers to the amount of the substance that when administered to a person in the appropriate form, will produce the desired effect within the body with a minimum of unwanted side effects. 3. - Active / pharmaceutical active: It refers to the chemical molecule that exerts the desired effect on the body, when administered in the right amount and forms. 4. - Active metabolites: It refers to the chemical species of the pharmaceutical active that are formed in the active that goes through the metabolism.

. - Monomolecular dispersion: Refers to the fact that the active molecules are free and unhindered from diffusion by association in crystalline or amorphous solid forms, or polymolecular association. 6. - Solubility value percentage: Refers to the equilibrium solubility limit or maximum solubility of a molecule in a solvent at normal room temperature, which is expressed as the percentage by weight of the molecule in the composition.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The compositions of the present invention comprise pharmaceutical actives also referred to herein as "active" to treat diseases, particularly symptoms related to respiratory diseases such as colds, influenza, as well as allergies. These assets include those that are often used to treat the most problematic symptoms, including a runny, stuffy nose, sore condition, and inflammation of the nose and throat, coughing access, general body aches, temperature, and headache . In the present inventionWhen the assets are combined with small volumes of anhydrous solvents, the active ingredients get improved transmucosal blood supply. In the case where the active metabolites contribute to the desired therapeutic effect, this improved delivery is achieved without appreciably decreasing the level of the corresponding active metabolites. In addition, the level of the active in the blood is maintained at a level that avoids unwanted side effects that are generated by too high levels of active in the blood. The composition comprises a pharmaceutical active and a water-miscible, anhydrous, hydrophilic solvent, wherein the pharmaceutical active in its non-ionized form has a percentage of solubility value in the solvent at room temperature that is equal to or greater than 0.075% and the pharmaceutical active is in its free, un-ionized form as a monomolecular dispersion in the solvent. The pharmaceutical active of the present invention has a molecular weight of less than 500 grams per mole, is capable of ionizing when it is in an aqueous solvent and has an octanol-water partition coefficient when it is in the non-ionized form of at least 100. The octanol-water partition coefficient is described in A. Martín, P. Bustamante, and AHC Chun, Physical Pharmacy, Fourth Edition, Lea and Febiger Publishers, Philadelphia, 1993, page 237; which is incorporated herein by reference. The active compounds comprising compositions of the present invention include active substances that are present in at least one of the following pharmacological classifications: antitussives; antihistamines; non-sedating antihistamines; decongestants; expectorants; mucolytic agents, analgesics, antipyretics and anti-inflammatories, local anesthetics and mixtures thereof. References describing the use of such assets include JG Hardman, The Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics, ninth edition McGraw-Hill, New York, 1995. Antitussives useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the group consisting of codeine, dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, diphenhydramine, hydrocodone, noscapine, oxycodone, pentoxiverin and mixtures thereof. Antihistamines useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to the group consisting of acrivastine, azatadine, brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, clemastine, cyproheptadine, dexbromfeniramine, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, doxylamine, hydroxyzine, meclizine, feninamine, phenyltoloxamine, promethazine, pyrilamine, tripelenamine, triprolidine and mixtures thereof. Non-sedating antihistamines useful in the present invention, include, but are not limited to, the group consisting of astemizole, cetirizine, ebastine, fexofenadine, loratidine, terfenadine, and mixtures thereof. Decongestants useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the group consisting of phenylpropanolamine, pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, phenylephrine, oxymetazoline, and mixtures thereof. Expectorants useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the group consisting of ammonium chloride, guafenesin, extracted from ipecac fluid, potassium iodide, and mixtures thereof. Mucolytics useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the group consisting of acetylcysteine, ambroxol, bromhexine and mixtures thereof. The analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory agents useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to the group consisting of acetaminophen, aspirin, diclofenac, diflunisal, etodolac, fenoprofen, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, ketorolac, nabumetone, naproxen, piroxicam, caffeine. and mixtures thereof. Local anesthetics useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, the group consisting of lidocaine, benzocaine, phenol, dyclonine, benzonotate, and mixtures thereof. The active compounds in the composition of the present invention are soluble in the anhydrous solvent. The concentration of active in the solvent is preferably less than or equal to 125% of the percentage of the solubility value, more preferably less than or equal to the percentage of the solubility value of the pharmaceutical active. To maximize the benefits of the compositions of the present invention, the active ingredient is preferably in solution as a monomolecular dispersion. The assets useful in the present invention are present in the system of 1 solvent at a level of from about 0.075% to about 25.0%, preferably from about 0.28% to 10.0% by weight of the composition. It is preferred that said active is in free form, however, salt forms of the active are also useful in the present invention. Regardless of how it is formed, the active saying is in non-ionized form as a monomolecular dispersion in said solvent system. Antitussives are active for particular use to stop non-controllable coughing. Of these available antitussives, dextromethorphan is preferred. Dextromethorphan is known to have pharmacological activity as an antitussive agent and is described in the U.S. patent. 5,196,436, Smith; incorporated herein by reference. As used herein "dextromethorphan" means racemetorphan, 3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan (dl-cis-1, 3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-6-methoxy-11-methyl-2H-10 4a-iminoethane-phenanthrene and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof The compositions of the present invention comprising dextromethorphan preferably comprise from about 0.1% to about 9.3%, more preferably from about 0.26% to about 6.2% and more preferably from about 1.16% to about 4.6% dextromethorphan Other safe and effective amounts of other cough / cold drug actives can be included in said compositions containing dextromethorphan In the composition of the present invention for the user, the dose level of dextromethorphan supplied to the consumer is about 6.85 milligrams to about 30.83 milligrams per dose.In the case where the monohydrated salt of dextromethorphan hydrobromide is found in the In the composition, the dose level of the monohydrated salt of dextromethorphan hydrobromide supplied to the consumer is about 10.0 milligrams to about 45 milligrams per dose. The non-ionized form of the pharmaceutical active is maintained using an anhydrous solvent. By "anhydrous" it is meant that the solvent contains less than about 5% water. The anhydrous solvent of the present invention comprises from about 60% to about 99.975%, preferably from about 70% to about 99% and more preferably from about 85% to about 98% by weight of the composition. The anhydrous solvent of the present invention is usually liquid at room temperature. It is soluble in water or miscible in water. The solvents of the present invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, ethanol, poly (ethylene glycol) or PEG, propylene carbonate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, poloxamer, glycofurol, glycerol, and mixtures thereof. There are mixtures of these solvents that are particularly preferred for certain forms of the product of the present invention. For example, if the product form is an elixir, liquid capsule or tablet containing liquid, the solvent is a combination of propylene glycol, ethanol, and PEG. If the product form is an aerosol, the solvent is a combination of propylene glycol, ethanol, PEG and usually propylene carbonate.

The level of each solvent that makes up these mixtures depends partially on the aesthetic benefits sought by the formulator.

Optional Ingredients The ingredients normally related to cold and influenza medicines can be used with the pharmaceutical active ingredients described herein. Said ingredients are described in the patent of E.U.A. 5,196,436 incorporated herein by reference. Additionally, the following ingredients can be used in the present invention: pH regulators and mixtures of pH regulating agents, including basic pH regulating agents as individual components with pKa of about 8 to 11, include triethanolamine, salts of amino acids, including salts alkalines of glycine, glycylglycine, glutamine or other amino acids, alkaline salts of phosphate, carbonate and mixtures thereof. The pH regulators provide resistance in composition to changes in pH in the dilution of the composition with saliva on a scale of 7 to 10, preferably 8 to 10. Sweeteners, including aspartame, saccharin and its salts , Sucralose ™ (sold by McNeil Specialty Products Co., New Brunswick, NJ); Prosweet ™ (sold by Virginia Daré Extract Co., New York, NY); Magnasweet ™ (sold by MAFCO Worldwide Corp., Licorice Division, Camden, NJ); ammonium glycyrrhizinate, its salts, Talin ™ (Thaumatin) and its diluted products, such as Talin GA90 (sold by Talin Food Company, Birkenhead, England); and Acesulfame K, and mixtures thereof. Flavors include anise, peppermint oil, clove oil, eucalyptus, lemon, lime, lemon-honey, red fruit, mint, grape, orange, cherry, cola and a mixture thereof. Sensitive agents Also useful herein are the sensory agents selected from the group consisting of refreshing agents, salivating agents, heating agents. Preferably these agents are present in the compositions at a level of from about 0.001% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight of the composition. Suitable cooling agents and heating agents include carboxamides, menthols, thymol, camphor, capsicum, phenol, eucalyptus oil, benzyl alcohol, salicylic alcohol, ethanol, clove bud oil, and hexylresorcinol, quetals, diols, and mixtures thereof. . Preferred coolants are paramentancarboxyamide agents such as N-ethyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide (WS-3 supplied by Sterling Organics), which is shown in the US patent. 4,136,163, issued January 23, 1979 to Watson et al., Which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Another preferred paramentancarboxyamide agent is N, 2,3-trimethyl-2-isopropylbutanamide, known as "WS-23", and mixtures of WS-3 and WS-23. The preferred additional fresheners are selected from the group consisting of menthol, 3-1-menthoxypropane-1,2-diol, known as TK-10 supplied by Takasago Perfumery Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, known mentonglycerol acetal as MGA, manufactured by Haarmann and Reimer, methylactate known as Frescolat®, manufactured by Haarmman and Reimer, and mixtures thereof. Additional cooling agents include cyclic sulfones and sulfoxides and others, all of which are described in the US patent. 4,032,661, issued June 28, 1977, to Roswell et al., Which is incorporated herein by reference. The terms "menthol" and "menthyl" as used herein include dextroisomers and levorotatory isomers of these compounds and racemic mixtures thereof. TK-10 is described in detail in the US patent. 4,459,425, issued July 10, 1984 to Amano et al., And is incorporated herein by reference. The salivating agents of the present invention include Jambu® manufactured by Takasago Perfumery Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. The heating agents include capsicum and nicotinate esters, such as benzylnicotinate.

METHOD OF USE In terms of the methods of supply of the asset, it is generally accepted that the oral mucous supply within the mouth should be directed to the sublingual region to achieve a too rapid therapeutic effect; see D. Harris and JR Robinson, Druq Delivery via the Mucus Membranes of the Oral Cavity, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 81: 1, 1992. Said dosage forms are designated to be placed under the tongue, in the lower part of the mouth, and stay there for a long time. However, the inventors have found that a large increase in bioavailability with very rapid absorption can be achieved when the compositions are placed against any of the mucous membranes of the mouth, even on the tongue and are ingested. The form of the invention is a solution of the liquid elixir. It is intended to apply to any of the mucous membranes inside the mouth. This can be accomplished by using a medicine dropper that is calibrated to indicate the appropriate amount to administer, and squirting the elixir into the tongue before ingesting it. The elixir can be atomized in the mouth and throat and then ingested. It can be encapsulated in some type of cover that makes it portable and convenient to transport and administer without having to measure the amount of the liquid elixir. Examples of encapsulation caps include solid confections such as those used for pills, chewing gum, gelatin, or shells (starch-based) without gelatin. The elixir can be packed in a small disposable bottle that can be easily opened and squirted into the mouth, the entire bottle contains exactly one therapeutic dose. Typical dosage forms of the composition of the present invention contain no more than about 3 ml, preferably from about 0.2 ml to about 3 ml. A preferred way is to encapsulate the liquid in a solid candy or gelatin shell. The cover contains the substances to previously treat the mucosa and thus improve the absorption of the active from the liquid center. The pretreatment occurs when sucking or chewing the cover material, and the advantage is obtained by separating the treatment of the mucosa early, which occurs first, followed by the presentation of the asset to be absorbed. Examples of substances for pretreatment of mucous membranes are membrane penetration enhancers that are commonly known in the art, examples include menthol, peppermint oil, surfactants such as polysorbate 80 or poloxamer. Another example of a previous mucous membrane treatment is the pH regulators as mentioned above, which will previously condition the pH of the saliva microenvironment in the range of 8 to 10.

EXAMPLES EXAMPLE I Liquid elixir Total 100,000 Add a portion of ethanol to the active (dextromethorphan base) and solid sweetening agent (Sucralose, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) and mix continuously at low temperature (30 ° C). Add to this container the additional solvents (propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 600) and liquid sweeteners (Pro-Sweet Liquid K). Add the mixture to the container and mix it for about 2 hours. Add a premix of flavorings and colorants to the remaining portion of ethanol, and add it to the container that contains the almost complete solution. Mix until a homogeneous solution is obtained and filter it to the composition through a # 100 US mesh screen (product density = 1.07 g / ml). Fill in amber glass bottles, and cap with an integrated lid / calibrated medicine dropper assembly. Approximately 1.0 ml of the elixir is poured into the tongue and then ingested. Dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed in the blood.

EXAMPLE II Liquid elixir Total 100,000 Add a portion of ethanol to the active (dextromethorphan base) and solid sweetening agents (Sucralose, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) and mix continuously at low temperature (30 ° C). Add to this container the additional solvents (propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 600), liquid sweeteners (Pro-Sweet Liquid K), and pH regulator (triethanolamine, a liquid). Mix for about 2 hours until all the materials are a solution. Prepare a premix of flavorings and colorants in the remaining portion of ethanol, and add to the container that contains the almost complete solution. Mix until a homogeneous solution is obtained, and filter through a # 100 US mesh screen (product density = 1.07 g / ml). Fill in amber glass bottles, and cap with an integrated lid / calibrated medicine dropper assembly. Pour approximately 1.0 ml of the elixir into the tongue and then ingest it. Dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed in the blood.

EXAMPLE lll Liquid aerosol Total 100,000 - Obtained from Warner Jenkins Co., St. Louis, MO, E.U.A.

Add a portion of ethanol to the active (dextromethorphan base) and solid sweetening agents (Sucralose, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) and mix continuously at low temperature (30 ° C). Add to this container the additional solvents (propylene carbonate, polyethylene glycol 400) and liquid sweeteners (Pro-Sweet Liquid K). Mix for about 2 hours until all the materials are a solution. Prepare a premix of flavorings and colorants in the remaining portion of ethanol, and add to the container that contains the almost complete solution. Mix until a homogeneous solution is obtained, and filter through a # 100 US mesh screen (product density = 1.075 g / ml). Fill in the bottle and manually operated spray pump. An example of this is manufactured by Calmar-Albert GmbH, the Mistette Mark II adapted with a 16 mm high viscosity head assembly that delivers 0.2 ml / actuation. Three individual performances are sprayed in the mouth. Dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed into the blood, and during spraying, some portion of sprayed liquid makes contact with the throat area, providing the additional benefit such as numbness of the cough receptors therein irritated.

EXAMPLE IV Liquid aerosol Total 100,000 Add a portion of ethanol to the active (dextromethorphan base) and solid sweetening agents (Sucralose, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) and mix continuously at low temperature (30 ° C). Add to this container the additional solvents (propylene carbonate and polyethylene glycol 400), liquid sweetener (Pro-Sweet Liquid K) and pH regulator (triethanolamine, a liquid). Mix approximately 2 hours until all the materials are a solution. Prepare a premix of flavorings and colorants in the remaining portion of ethanol, and add to the container that contains the almost complete solution. Mix until a homogenous solution is obtained, and filter through a # 100 US mesh screen (product density = 1.075 g / ml). Fill in a bottle and manually operated atomization pump. An example of this is manufactured by Calmar-Albert GmbH, the Mistette Mark II adapted with a 16 mm high viscosity head assembly. Three individual performances are sprayed in the mouth. Dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed in the blood, and during spraying some of the portion of sprayed liquid makes contact with the throat area, providing the additional benefit such as numbness of cough receptors therein irritated.

EXAMPLE V Pills with liquid center Total 100,000 Add a portion of ethanol to the active (dextromethorphan base) and solid sweetening agents (Sucralose, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) and mix continuously at low temperature (30 ° C). Add additional solvents (propylene glycol) to this vessel, polyethylene glycol 600) liquid sweeteners (Pro-Sweet Liquid K). Mix approximately 2 hours until all the materials are a solution. Prepare a premix of flavorings and colorants in the remaining portion of ethanol and water, and add to the container containing the almost complete solution. Mix until a homogeneous solution is obtained, and filter through a # 100 US mesh screen (product density = 1.07 g / ml). Make individually filled pills containing approximately 1.0 ml of liquid per tablet by a commonly used method such as extrusion. The person places a pill filled with liquid in the mouth and sucks the pill until the liquid center is released. You get a bit of relief from coughing through the action of sucking the pill cover. When the liquid center is released, dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed into the blood.

EXAMPLE VI Pill with liquid center Total 100,000 Add a portion of ethanol to the active (dextromethorphan base) and solid sweetening agents (Sucralose, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) and mix continuously at low temperature (30 ° C). Add to this container the additional solvents (propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 600) and liquid sweeteners (Pro-Sweet Liquid K). Prepare an aqueous premix of pH regulator (sodium glycyrrhizinate) and add it to the container. Mix approximately for 2 hours until all the materials are a solution. Prepare a premix of flavorings and colorants in the remaining portion of ethanol, and add it to the container that contains the almost complete solution. Mix until a homogeneous solution is obtained, and filter through a # 100 US mesh screen (product density = 1.07g / ml). Make individually filled tablets containing approximately 1.0 ml of liquid per tablet by a commonly used method such as extrusion. The person places a pill filled with liquid in the mouth and sucks until the fluid is released. You get some relief from the cough through the action of sucking the pill cover. When the liquid center is released, dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed into the blood, and relief is obtained in terms of coughing in 10 minutes.

EXAMPLE VII Liquid Elixir Total 100,000 This composition is made according to the instructions of Examples I and II.

EXAMPLE VIII Liquid elixir This composition is elaborated according to the instructions of employees I and II.

EXAMPLE IX Liquid elixir Total 100,000 Procedure: dissolve the dextromethorphan base and pseudoephedrine base in a portion of alcohol to make a premix. Heat PEG 1000, PEG 600, PVP-K17pf and propylene glycol at 70 ° C in a separate container. Once all the materials are melted and in clear liquid form add acetoaminofen and continue heating at 110o-120 ° C with continuous mixing. Remove from heat once the liquid is clear. Cool it to room temperature. Add the mixture of dextromethorphan and pseudoephedrine. Also add a liquid sweetener (Pro-Sweet Liquid K) and pH regulator (triethanolamine).

Mix until all the materials are a solution. Prepare a premix of flavorings and colorants in the remaining portion of alcohol and add it to the container that contains the almost complete solution. Mix until homogenized and filtered through a # 100 US mesh screen. Fill in amber glass bottles and cap with an integrated lid / calibrated medicine dropper assembly. Approximately 1.84 grams of the elixir are poured into the tongue and subsequently ingested. The tablets with liquid center have agents of previous treatment of the mucosa in the cover.

EXAMPLE X Pill with liquid center Total 100,000 Dissolve the HBR of dextromethorphan in a portion of ethanol and solid sweetening agents (Sucralose, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) mix continuously at low temperature (30 ° C). Add to this container additional solvents (propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 600, glycerin) and liquid sweeteners (Pro-Sweet Liquid K). Mix approximately for 2 hours until all the materials are a solution. Prepare a premix of flavorings and colorants in the remaining portion of ethanol, and add it to the container that contains the almost complete solution. Mix until a homogeneous solution is obtained, and filter through a # 100 US mesh screen. Make individually filled pills containing approximately 1.5 ml of liquid per tablet using a method 1 commonly used such as extrusion. The solid caramel of the drop of cough is made to contain per drop: 5 milligrams of peppermint oil, 2.5 milligrams of menthol, 0.50 milligrams of polysorbate 80 and 5 milligrams of sodium glycinate. The person places a pill filled with liquid in the mouth and sucks until the fluid is released. Mucosal tissue of the mouth is previously treated with peppermint oil, menthol, polysorbate 80, and glycinate in the coating of the drop, since dextromethorphan is more easily absorbed when the liquid center is released in the mouth. You get some relief from the cough through the action of sucking the pill cover. When the liquid center is released, dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed into the blood, and relief is obtained in terms of coughing in 10 minutes.

EXAMPLE XI Liquid elixir Total 100,000 Dissolve the HBR of dextromethorphan in a portion of ethanol and solid sweetening agents (Sucralose, monoammonium glycyrrhizinate) mix continuously at low temperature (30 ° C). Add to this container the additional solvents (propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 600) and liquid sweeteners (Pro-Sweet Liquid K). Mix approximately for 2 hours until all the materials are a solution. Prepare a premix of flavorings and colorants in the remaining portion of ethanol, and add it to the container that contains the almost complete solution. Mix until a homogeneous solution is obtained, and filter through a # 100 US mesh screen. Fill in amber glass bottles, and cover. Take half a teaspoon (2.5ml) and swallow. Dextromethorphan is rapidly absorbed in the blood.

Claims (16)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. A composition for application to the mucous membranes of the mouth comprising a pharmaceutical active solubilized in an anhydrous solvent miscible in water and hydrophilic wherein the pharmaceutical active which is in its non-ionized state has a percentage of solubility value in the solvent at an ambient temperature that is equal to or greater than 0.075% and the pharmaceutical active is in its non-ionized, free form as a monomolecular dispersion in the solvent.

2. The composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the pharmaceutical active having a molecular weight less than 500 grams per mole, is capable of ionizing in an aqueous solvent and has an octanol-water partition coefficient when it is present. in a non-ionized form of at least 100.

3. The composition according to claim 1 to 2, further characterized in that the pharmaceutical active is selected from the group consisting of antitussives, antihistamines, non-sedating antihistamines, decongestants, expectorants, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic mucolytic agents, local anesthetics and mixtures thereof.

4. - The composition according to claims 1 to 3, further characterized in that the concentration of the pharmaceutical active in the solvent is less than or equal to 125% of the percentage of the solubility value of said active.

5. The composition according to claims 1 to 4, further characterized in that the pharmaceutical active is present the solvent at a level of 0.075% to 25.0%, preferably 0.028% to 10.0% by weight of the composition.

6. The composition according to claims 1 to 5, further characterized in that the pharmaceutical active is dextromethorphan in a concentration of 0.1% to 9.3%, preferably 0.26% to 6.2% and more preferably 1.16% to 4.6% by weight of the composition.

7. The composition according to claims 1 to 6, further characterized in that the water-miscible, hydrophilic, anhydrous solvent comprises from 60% to 99.975%, preferably from 70% to 99%, more preferably from 85% to 98% by weight of the composition.

8. The composition according to claims 1 to 7, further characterized in that the pharmaceutical active solvent is hydrophilic, miscible in water, and anhydrous selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, ethanol, poly (ethylene glycol) or PEG, propylene carbonate, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, poloxamer, glycofurol, glycerol and mixtures thereof.

9. - The composition according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises, in addition to the pharmaceutical active, other pharmaceutical actives that are selected from the group consisting of antitussives, antihistamines, non-sedating antihistamines, decongestants, expectorants, anti-inflammatory agents, antipyretics, analgesic mucolytics, local anesthetics and mixtures thereof.

10. The composition according to claims 1 to 9, further characterized in that other pharmaceutical actives are selected from the group consisting of pseudoephedrine, phenylpropylamine, acetaminophen, chlorpheniramine doxylamine, feninamine, triprolidine, their salts and mixtures thereof.

11. The composition according to claims 1 to 11, further characterized in that the shape of the product is selected from the group consisting of chewable capsules, chewing gum with liquid center, elixirs, sprinklers and pellets.

12. The composition according to claims 1 to 12, further characterized in that the composition is contained within said product form having an outer covering comprising substances for pretreating the oral mucous membranes before supplying said composition to the mucous membranes. 13.- A procedure to elaborate the conformity composition with claims 1 to 13 wherein said composition is used to orally administer the pharmaceutical active in a sufficient volume of said composition wherein the level of dextromethorphan supplied to the consumer is 6.85 milligrams to 30.83 milligrams per dose of the composition. 14. The process for making the composition according to claims 1 to 13 wherein said composition is used to orally administer the pharmaceutical active in a sufficient volume of said composition wherein the level of dextromethorphan supplied to the consumer from the monohydrated salt of dextromethorphan hydrobromide is 10.0 milligrams to 45 milligrams per dose of the composition. 15. The method according to claims 14 and 15, further characterized in that the composition is placed against any oral mucosal tissue in the mouth. 16. The process for making the composition according to claims 1 to 13 wherein said composition is used to orally administer the pharmaceutical active in a total dosage volume not greater than 3.0 ml.