MXPA01006187A - Catalyst modifiers and their use in the polymerization of olefin(s) - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of at least one acid and at least one base and/or at least one reductant and at least one oxidant that when used with a polymerization catalyst in a polymerization process results in the controllable generation of a catalyst inhibitor that renders the polymerization catalyst substantially or completely inactive.

Description

CATALYST MODIFIERS AND THEIR USE IN THE POLYMERIZATION OF OLEFIN (S) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for improving the operability in a process for polymerizing olefin (s). In particular, the invention is directed to a method for controlling the kinetics of an olefin polymerization catalyst (s). Background of the Invention Advances in polymerization and catalysts have resulted in the ability to produce many new polymers that have improved physical and chemical properties useful in a wide variety of superior products and applications. With the development of new catalysts the choice of polymerization type (solution, slurry, high pressure or gas phase) to produce a particular polymer has been greatly extended. Also, advances in polymerization technology have provided efficient, highly productive and economically improved processes. Especially illustrative of these advances is the development of technology that uses metallocene type systems with bulky ligand. Regardless of the technological advances in the polyolefin industry, common problems as well as new challenges associated with the operability of the process still exist. For example, the tendency of a gas phase or mud phase process to form scale and / or sheets remains a challenge using any olefin polymerization catalyst. For example, in a continuous mud process the formation of scale on the walls of the reactor, which act as a heat transfer surface, must result in many operational problems. Bad heat transfer during polymerization can result in particles of the polymer adhering to the walls of the reactor. These polymer particles can continue to polymerize in the walls, which can result in premature deterioration of the reactor. Also, depending on the conditions of the reactor, some of the polymers can be dissolved in the reactor diluent and redeposited on, for example, the surfaces of the metal heat exchanger. In typical continuous gas phase processes, a recycling system is employed for many reasons including the removal of the heat generated in the process by the polymerization. The generation of incrustations, lamination and / or static in a gas phase process can lead to the ineffective operation of several reactor systems. For example, the cooling mechanism for the recycling system, the temperature probes used to control the process and the distributor plate, if affected, can lead to early deterioration of the reactor.

Evidence of, and solutions to, several operability problems of the process have been attacked by many in the field. For example, US Patents Nos. 4,792,592, 4,803,251, 4,855,370 and 5,391,657 discuss all techniques for reducing static generation in a polymerization process by introducing to the process, for example, water, alcohols, ketones, and / or chemical additives. inorganic European patent EP 0 634 421 Bl discusses introducing water, alcohol and ketones directly into the polymerization process to reduce the formation of scale. An international publication WO 97/14721 published April 24, 1997 discusses the suppression of fines that can cause rolling by adding an inert hydrocarbon to the reactor; U.S. Patent No. 5,627,243 discusses a new type of distributor plate for use in gas phase reactors of the fluidized bed; the international publication WO 96/08520 discusses avoiding the introduction of a scrubber to the reactor; U.S. Patent No. 5,461,123 discusses using sound waves to reduce lamination; U.S. Patent No. 5,066,736 and European Patent EP-A1 0 549 252 discuss the introduction of an activity retarder into the reactor to reduce agglomerates; U.S. Patent No. 5,610,244 relates to feeding shaping monomer directly into the reactor above the bed to prevent fouling and improve the quality of the polymer; U.S. Patent No. 5,126,414 discusses including an oligomer removal system to reduce fouling of the distributor plate and provide polymers without gels; European patent EP-A1 0453 116 published on October 23, 1991 discusses the introduction of anti-static agents to the reactor to reduce the amount of laminations and agglomerates; U.S. Patent No. 4,012,574 discusses adding an active compound on the surface, a perfluoro-carbon group, to the reactor to reduce fouling; U.S. Patent No. 5,026,795 discusses the addition of an anti-static agent with a liquid carrier in the polymerization zone in the reactor; U.S. Patent No. 5,410,002 discusses using a conventional titanium / magnesium supported catalyst system from Ziegler-Natta where a selection of anti-static agents is added directly to the reactor to reduce fouling; U.S. Patent Nos. 5,034,480 and 5,034,481 discuss a reaction product of a conventional Ziegler-Natta titanium catalyst with an anti-static to produce ultra high molecular weight ethylene polymers; U.S. Patent No. 3,082,198 discusses introducing a quantity of carboxylic acid dependent on the amount of water in a process for polymerizing ethylene using an organo titanium / aluminum catalyst in a liquid hydrocarbon medium; and U.S. Patent No. 3,919,185 discloses a slurry process using a non-polar hydrocarbon diluent using a conventional Ziegler-Natta type or Phillips-type catalyst and a polyvalent metal salt of an organic acid. There are several other known methods for improving operability including coating the polymerization equipment, for example, by treating the walls of a reactor using chromium compounds as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,532,311 and 4,876,320; by injecting various agents into the process, for example, international publication WO 97/46599, published on December 11, 1997, discusses feeding a thin metal zone in the polymerization reactor a non-supported soluble metallocene catalyst system and injecting anti-incrustants or anti-static agents in the reactor; control the polymerization rate particularly at the beginning; and reconfigure the reactor design. Other technicians in the field to improve the operability of the process have discussed modifying the catalyst system by preparing the catalyst system in different ways. For example, methods in the art include combining the compounds of the catalyst system in a particular order; manipulate the proportion of various compounds of the catalyst system; vary the contact time and / or the temperature when the components of a catalyst system are combined; or simply add several compounds to the catalyst system. These techniques or combinations thereof are discussed in the literature. Especially illustrative in the art is the methods and methods of preparation for producing metallocene bulky ligand-type catalyst systems, more particularly bulky ligand-metallocene-type catalyst systems supported with reduced tendencies for scale formation and better operability. Examples of these include: international publication WO 96/11961, published on April 26, 1996, discusses as a component of a supported catalyst system an anti-static agent to reduce fouling and lamination in gas, slurry or slurry polymerization processes. liquid deposit; U.S. Patent No. 5,283,278 is directed toward the prepolymerization of a metallocene catalyst or a conventional Ziegler-Natta catalyst in the presence of an anti-static agent; U.S. Patent Nos. 5,332,706 and 5,473,028 have presented a particular technique for forming a catalyst by incipient impregnation; U.S. Patent Nos. 5,427,991 and 5,643,847 describe the chemical bonding of noncoordinating anionic activators to supports; U.S. Patent No. 5,492,975 discusses metallocene-type catalyst systems bonded with polymer; U.S. Patent No. 5,661,095 discusses supporting a metallocene-type catalyst on a copolymer of an olefin and an unsaturated silane; the international publication WO 97/06186, published on February 20, 1997, shows removing inorganic and organic impurities after the formation of a metallocene-type catalyst itself, the international publication WO 97/15602, published on May 1, 1997, discusses easily tolerable metal complexes; International Publication WO 97/27224, published July 31, 1997, relates to forming a transition metal compound supported in the presence of an unsaturated organic compound having at least one terminal double bond; and European patent A2-811 638 discusses using a metallocene catalyst and an activation co-catalyst in a polymerization process in the presence of an anti-static agent containing nitrogen. U.S. Patent Nos. 4,942,147 and 5,362,823 discuss the addition of inhibitors of auto-acceleration to prevent lamination. Although all these possible solutions could reduce the level of scale or lamination to some extent, some are expensive to use and / or may not reduce scale and lamination to a level sufficient to operate a continuous process successfully, particularly a commercial process or big scale. Thus, it would be advantageous to have a polymerization process capable of operating continuously with improved reactor operability and at the same time producing new and improved polymers. It would also be very beneficial to have a continuous operation polymerization process that has more stable catalyst productivities, reduced incrustation / lamination tendencies and increased duration of operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention provides a method for making a new and improved catalyst composition, the same catalyst composition and its use in a polymerization process. Also, the invention is directed to the use of two or more different compounds in the presence of a polymerization catalyst which react at a specified temperature during a polymerization process to release at least one catalyst inhibitor. The most preferred compounds are combinations of acids and bases, specifically Bronsted acids and Bronsted bases, or a combination of oxidant and reductant. The method comprises the step of combining, contacting, stirring, and / or mixing any catalyst system, preferably a supported catalyst system with at least two different compounds, preferably with at least one acidic compound and with at least one basic compound, so that at a specific temperature the two different compounds, preferably the acid compound and the basic compound, react to form a catalyst inhibitor that deactivates the catalyst system. In the most preferred embodiment, the at least two different compounds, preferably the acid compound and the basic compound, react at a temperature above the polymerization temperature, the temperature of the reactor, to form a catalyst inhibitor, more preferably an inhibitor. of gaseous catalysis. In one embodiment, the catalyst system comprises a conventional type transition metal catalyst compound. In the most preferred embodiment, the catalyst system comprises a bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compound. The combination or use of an olefin polymerization catalyst and the binary compounds, preferably the acid compound and the basic compound is useful in any olefin polymerization process. The preferred polymerization processes are a gas phase or mud phase process, more preferably a gas phase process. In another preferred embodiment, the invention provides a process for polymerizing olefin (s) in the presence of a polymerization catalyst, and at least two different compounds, preferably an acidic compound and a basic compound, in a reactor at an operating temperature, where the two different compounds, preferably the acid compound and the basic compound, react at a temperature above the operating temperature to form a catalyst inhibitor which reduces the effectiveness of the polymerization catalyst to polymerize olefin (s). In the most preferred embodiment, the catalyst inhibitor becomes inactive to the polymerization catalyst. In yet another preferred embodiment, the invention is directed to a process for polymerizing olefin (s) in the presence of a polymerization catalyst in a reactor under polymerization conditions, the process comprising the steps of (a) introducing at least one compound, preferably an acid compound; and (b) introducing at least one different compound, preferably a basic compound, wherein the two compounds, preferably the acidic and basic compounds, react in the reactor to form at least one catalyst inhibitor that reduces the effectiveness of the polymerization catalyst to polymerize olefin (s) Detailed Description of the Invention The invention is directed to a method for making a catalyst composition and to the catalyst composition itself. The invention also relates to a polymerization process having improved operability using the catalyst composition. While not intended to be limited by any particular theory, it is believed that a possible cause for reduced operability, especially lamination and / or scale, is the result of a tendency of the catalyst to continue to polymerize upon initial activation. Surprisingly, it has been found that using two or more compounds, preferably an acidic compound and a basic compound, or an oxidant and a reductant, that react to form a catalyst inhibitor in combination with a polymerization catalyst results in the ability to control the Catalyst tendency to continue to effectively polymerize olefin (s). It has also been found that the reaction of two or more compounds, preferably the acid compound and the basic compound, to form the catalyst inhibitor is controllable. In the most preferred embodiment, the reaction is controlled by changing the acid compound. The present invention is useful in all types of polymerization processes, especially a mud phase or gas phase process. Catalyst Components and Catalyst Systems All polymerization catalysts including conventional type transition metal catalysts and bulky ligand metallocene type catalysts are suitable for use in the polymerization process of the invention. The following is a non-limiting discussion of various polymerization catalysts useful in the invention. Conventional type transition metal catalyst Conventional type transition metal catalysts are those conventional Ziegler-Natta catalysts and Phillips-type chromium catalysts well known in the art. Examples of conventional type transition metal catalysts are discussed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,115,639, 4,077,904, 4,482,687, 4,564,605, 4,721,763, 4,879,359 and 4,960,741, all of which are fully incorporated herein by reference. Conventional type transition metal catalyst compounds that can be used in the present invention include transition metal compounds of groups 3 to 17, preferably 4 to 12, more preferably 4 to 6 of the Periodic Table of the Elements. These conventional type transition metal catalysts can be represented by the formula: MRX, where M is a metal of groups 3 to 17, preferably group 4 to 6, more preferably group 4, more preferably titanium; R is halogen or a hydrocarbyloxy group; and x is the valence of the metal M. Non-limiting examples of R include alkoxy, phenoxy, bromide, chloride and fluoride. Non-limiting examples of conventional type transition metal catalysts, where M is titanium, include TiCl4, TiBr4, Ti (OC2H5) 3C1, Ti (OC2H5) Cl3 Ti (0C4H9) 3 / C1, Ti (0C3H7) 2C12 / Ti ( 0C2H5) 2Br2, TIC13.1 / 3A1C13 and Ti (OC12H25) Cl3. Compounds of conventional type transition metal catalysts based on magnesium / titanium electron donor complexes which are useful in the invention are described in, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 4,302,565 and 4,302,566, which are fully incorporated by reference. in the present by reference. The derivative of MgTiCl 6 (ethyl acetate) 4 is particularly preferred. British Patent Application 2,105,355, and U.S. Patent No. 5,317,036, incorporated herein by reference, disclose various conventional type vanadium catalyst compounds. Non-limiting examples of conventional type vanadium catalyst compounds include vanadyl trihalide, alkoxy halides and alkoxides such as V0C13, V0C12 (OBu), where Bu is butyl and VO (OC2H5) 3; vanadium tetrahalide and vanadium alkoxyhalides, such as VC14 and VCl3 (OBu); acetates of vanadium and of vanadyl acetyl acetonate and chloroacetyl acetonates, such as V (AcAc) 3 and VOCl2 (AcAc), where (AcAc) is acetyl acetonate. Preferred conventional vanadium catalyst compounds are V0C13, VC14 and VOCl2-OR, where R is a hydrocarbon radical, preferably an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as ethyl, phenyl, isopropyl, butyl, propyl , n-butyl, isobutyl, tertiary butyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, naphthyl, etc., and vanadium acetyl acetonates. Conventional chromium type catalyst compounds, often known as Phillips type catalysts, suitable for use in the present invention include Cr03, chromocene, silyl chromate, chromyl chloride (Cr02Cl2), chromium-2-ethyl hexanoate, chromium acetylacetonate (Cr (AcAc) 3), and the like. Non-limiting examples are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,709,853, 3,709,954, 3,231,550, 3,242,099 and 4,077,904, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Still other conventional type transition metal catalyst compounds and catalyst systems suitable for use in the present invention are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,124,532, 4,302,565, 4,302,566, 4,376,062, 4,379,758, 5,066,737, 5,763,723, 5,849,655, 5,852,144, 5,854,164 and 5,869,585, and published European Patent EP-A2 0 416 815 A2 and EP-A 0 420 436, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. Other catalysts may include cationic catalysts such as A1C12, and other cobalt, iron, nickel and palladium catalysts well known in the art. See, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 3,487,112, 4,472,559, 4,182,814 and 4,689,437, all incorporated herein by reference. Typically, these conventional type transition metal catalyst compounds, excluding some conventional type chromium catalyst compounds, are activated with one or more of the conventional type catalysts described below. Conventional type co-catalysts Conventional type co-catalysts for the above conventional type transition metal catalyst compounds can be represented by the formula M3M4vX2cR3b_c, where M3 is a metal of Group IA, IIA, IIB and IIIA of the Periodic Table of The elements; M4 is a metal of Group IA of the Periodic Table of the Elements; v is a number from 0 to 1; each X2 is any halogen; c is a number from 0 to 3; each R3 is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical or hydrogen; b is a number from 1 to 4; and wherein b minus c is at least 1. Other organometallic co-catalysts conventional type for the above conventional type transition metal catalysts have the formula M3R3k, where M3 is a Group IA, IIA, IIB or IIIA metal, such as lithium, sodium, beryllium, barium, boron, aluminum, zinc, cadmium, and gallium; is equal 1, 2 or 3, depending on the valence of M3 and this valence in turn usually depends on the particular group to which M3 belongs; and each R3 can be any monovalent radical including hydrocarbon radicals and hydrocarbon radicals containing a Group 13 through 16 element, such as fluoride, aluminum or oxygen or a combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of conventional organometallic co-catalyst compounds useful with the conventional type catalyst compounds described above include methyl lithium, butyllithium, dihexylmercury, butylmagnesium, diethyl cadmium, benzylpotasium, diethyl zinc, tri-n-butylaluminum, isobutyl ethylboro, diethyl-cadmium, di-n-butyl-zinc and tri-n-amylboron, and, in particular, aluminum alkyls, such as tri-hexyl-aluminum, triethylaluminum, trimethylaluminum, and triisobutylaluminum. Other conventional type co-catalysts include mono-organohalides and hydrides of the Group 2 metals, and mono- or di-organohalides and hydrides of the Group 3 and 13 metals. Non-limiting examples of these co-catalytic compounds of the conventional type include di-isobutylaluminum bromide, isobutylboron dichloride, methyl magnesium chloride, ethylberyllium chloride, ethylcalcium bromide, di-isobutylaluminum hydride, methylcadium hydride, diethylborohydride, hexylberylium hydride, dipropylborohydride, octylmagnesium hydride, butylcinc hydride, dichloroborohydride, dibromoaluminum hydride and bromocadmium hydride. Conventional type organometallic co-catalysts are known to those skilled in the art and a more complete discussion of these compounds can be found in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,221,002 and 5,093,415, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. . Bulky Ligand Metallocene-Type Catalyst Compounds Generally, bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds include halved and complete sandwich compounds having one or more bulky ligands bonded to at least one metal atom. Typical bulky ligand metallocene-type compounds are generally described as containing one or more bulky ligands and one or more leaving groups linked to at least one metal atom. In a preferred embodiment, at least one bulky ligand is α-linked to a metal atom, more preferably α-linked to the metal atom. Bulky ligands are generally represented by one or more fused, acyclic, open ring or ring systems or a combination thereof. These bulky ligands, preferably rings or ring systems are typically composed of atoms selected from Groups 13 to 16 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, preferably the atoms are selected from the group consisting of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, silicon, sulfur , phosphorus, germanium, boron and aluminum or a combination thereof. More preferably, the ring (s) or ring system (s) are composed of such carbon atoms but not limited to cyclopentadienyl ligands or cyclopentadienyl type ligand structures or other similarly functioning ligand structure such as a pentadiene, a cyclopentane. octatetraendiyl or an ida ligand. The metal atom is preferably selected from Groups 3 to 15 and the lanthanide or actinide series of the Periodic Table of the Elements. Preferably the metal is a transition metal of Groups 4 to 12, more preferably Groups 4, 5 and 6, and more preferably the transition metal is of Group 4. In a, the bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compounds of the invention are represented by the formula: L '? MQ ,, (I) where M is a metal atom of the Periodic Table of the Elements and can be a Group 3 metal 12, or of the series of lanthanides or actinides of the Periodic Table of the Elements, preferably M is a transition metal of Group 4, 5 or 6, more preferably M is a transition metal of Group 4, even more preferably M is zirconium, hafnium or titanium. The bulky ligands LA and LB are acyclic or fused, open ring or ring systems, such as cyclopentadienyl ligands or substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligands, substituted heteroatom or heteroatom containing cyclopentadienyl type ligands. Non-limiting examples of bulky ligands include cyclopentadienyl ligands, pentafenanthrenyl ligands, indenyl ligands, benzindenyl ligands, fluoroenyl ligands, octahydrofluoroenyl ligands, cyclo-octatetraendiyl ligands, ancenyl ligands, azulene ligands, pentalene ligands, phosphoyl ligands, ligands pyrrolyl, pyrozolyl ligands, carbazolyl ligands, borabenzene ligands and the like, including hydrogenated versions thereof, for example tetrahydroindenyl ligands. In one embodiment, LA and LB can be any other ligand structure capable of linking? with M, preferably? 3 bond with M and more preferably? 5 bond. In still another embodiment, the molecular weight (MW) of LA and LB exceeds 60 amu, preferably is greater than 65 amu In another embodiment, LA and LB may comprise one or more heteroatoms, for example, nitrogen, silicon, boron, germanium , sulfur, oxygen and phosphorus, in combination with carbon atoms to form a ring, or ring system, acyclic, or preferably fused, for example, an auxiliary ligand heterocyclopentadienyl. Other bulky ligands LA and LB may include, but are not limited to, bulky amides, phosphides, alkoxides, aryloxides, imides, carbolides, borolides, porphyrins, phthalocyanines, corrins and other polyazomacrocycles. Independently each LA and LB may be the same or different type of bulky ligand that is linked to M. In one embodiment only one of either LA or LB is present. Independently, each LA and LB may not be substituted or substituted by a combination of substituent groups R. Non-limiting examples of substituent groups R include one or more of the group selected from hydrogen or branched, linear alkyl radicals, or alkenyl radicals, alkynyl radicals, cycloalkyl radicals or aryl radicals, acyl radicals, aroyl radicals, alkoxy radicals, aryloxy radicals, alkylthio radicals, dialkylamino radicals, alkoxycarbonyl radicals, aryloxycarbonyl radicals, carbomoyl radicals, alkyl- or dialkylcarbamoyl radicals, acyloxy radicals, acylamino radicals, aralkylamino radicals, branched or straight cyclic alkylene radicals, or combinations thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the substituent groups R have up to 50 atoms which are hydrogen atoms, preferably from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which can also be replaced by halogens or heteroatoms or the like. Non-limiting examples of alkyl substituents R include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl or phenyl groups, halogens and the like, including their isomers, for example, tertiary butyl, isopropyl, and the like. Other hydrocarbyl radicals include fluoromethyl, fluoroethyl, difluoroethyl, iodopropyl, bromohexyl, chlorobenzyl, hydrocarbyl substituted organometalloid radicals, including trimethylsilyl, trimethylgermyl, methyldiethylsilyl and the like; and halocarbyl substituted organometaloid radicals including tris (trifluoromethyl) -si-1, methyl-bis (difluoromethyl) silyl, bromomethyl dimethylgermyl and the like; and disubstituted boron radicals including dimethylboron for example; disubstituted pnictógeno radicals including dimethylamine, dimethylphosphine, diphenylane, methylphenylphosphine, chalcogen radicals including methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, phenoxy, methylsulfide and ethylsulfide. Non-hydrogen substituents R include carbon, silicon, boron, aluminum, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, tin, sulfur, germanium and the like including olefins such as but not limited to olefinically unsaturated substituents including vinyl terminated ligands, eg, but- 3-enyl, prop-2-enyl, hex-5 enyl and the like. Also, at least two R groups, preferably two adjacent R groups, are bonded to form a ring structure having from 3 to 30 atoms selected from carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, silicon, germanium, aluminum, boron or a combination thereof. same. Also, an R substituent group such as 1-butanil can form a carbon sigma bond with the metal M. Other ligands can be linked to the transition metal M, such as at least one leaving group Q. For the purposes of this specification of patent and appended claims, the term "leaving group" is any ligand that can be abstracted from the bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compound to form a bulky ligand metallocene-like catalyst cation capable of polymerizing one or more olefins. In one embodiment, Q is a monoanionic labile ligand having a sigma bond with M. Non-limiting examples of Q include weak bases such as amines, phosphines, ether, carboxylates, dienes, hydrocarbyl radicals having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, hydrides or halogens and the like, and combinations thereof. In another embodiment, two or more Qs form a part of a ring or fused ring system. Other examples of Q-ligands include those substituents for R as described above and include cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl, heptyl, tolyl, trifluoromethyl, tetramethylene, pentamethylene, methylidene, methoxy, ethyoxy, propoxy, phenoxy, bis (N-methylanilide), dimethylamide radicals. , dimethylphosphide and the like. Depending on the oxidation state of the metal, the value for n is 0, 1 or 2 so that formula (1) above represents a neutral bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compound. In one embodiment, the bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds of the invention include those of the formula (I) wherein LA and LB are bridged together by a bridging group, A, so that the formula is represented by LAALBMQn (II) These bridged compounds represented by the formula (II) are known as bridged, bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compounds. LA, LB, M, Q and n are as defined above. Non-limiting examples of bridging group A are bridging radicals of at least one Group 13 to 16 atom, often referred to as a divalent moiety such as but not limited to a carbon atom, oxygen, nitrogen, silicon , boron, germanium and tin or a combination thereof. Preferably the bridging group A contains a carbon, silicon and germanium atom, more preferably A contains at least one silicon atom or at least one carbon atom. The bridge formation group A may also contain R substituent groups as defined above including halogens. non-limiting examples of bridge formation groups A may be represented by R'2C, R'2Si-R'2SiR.'2Si / R'2Ge, R'P, where R 'is independently, a radical group which is hydride, hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, substituted halocarbyl, organometaloid substituted by hydrocarbyl, organometaloid substituted by halocarbyl, disubstituted boron, disubstituted pnictógeno, substituted chalcogen, or halogen or two or more R 'may be joined to form a ring or ring system. In one embodiment, the bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compounds are those wherein the R substituents on the bulky Ligands LA and LB of the formulas (I) and (II) are substituted with the same or different number of substituents in each of the bulky ligands. In another embodiment, the bulky ligands LA and LB of the formulas (I) and (II) are different from each other. Other voluminous ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds and systems useful in the invention may include those described in U.S. Patent Nos .: 5,064,802, 5,145,819, 5,149,819, 5,243,001, 5,239,022, 5,276,208, 5,296,434, 5,321,106, 5,329,031, 5,304,614, 5,677,401, 5,723,398, 5,753,578, 5,854,363, and 5,856,547, 5,858,903, 5,859,158 and 5,929,266 and international publications WO 93/08221, WO 93/08199, WO 95/07140, WO 98/11144, WO 98/41530, WO 98/41529, WO 98 / 46650, WO 99/02540 and WO 99/14221 and European publications EP-A-0 578 838, EP-A-0 638 595, EP-B-0 513 380, EP-A1-0 816 372, EP- A2-0 839 834, EP-B1-0 632 819, EP-B1-0 748 821 and EP-B10 757 996, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

In this embodiment, the bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compound is represented by the formula: L ^ JMAp (III) where M is a Group 3 to 16 atom or a metal selected from the Group of the Lanthanides of the Periodic Table of the Elements, preferably M is a transition metal of group 4 to 12, and more preferably M is a transition metal of Group 4, 5 or 6, and much more preferably M is a transition metal of Group 4 in any oxidation state, especially titanium; Lc is a bulky ligand substituted or unsubstituted linked to M; J is linked to M; A is linked to M and J; J is an anionic ligand; and n is the integer 0, 1 or 2. In formula (III) above, Lc, A and J form a fused ring system. In one embodiment, Lc of formula (III) is as defined above for LA, A, M and Q of formula (III) are as defined above in formula (I). In formula (III) J is a heteroatom containing ligand in which J is an element with a coordination number of three of Group 15 or an element with a coordination number of two of Group 16 of the Periodic Table of the Elements . Preferably J contains a nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen or sulfur atom, with nitrogen being most preferred. In another embodiment, the bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compound is a complex of a metal, preferably a transition metal, a bulky ligand, preferably a substituted or unsubstituted pi-linked ligand, and one or more heteroalyl moieties, such as described in U.S. Patent Nos .: 5,527,752 and 5,747,406 and EP-B1-0 735 057, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In one embodiment, the bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compound is represented by the formula: wherein L is a metal of Group 3 through 16, preferably a transition metal of Group 4 through 12, and more preferably a transition metal of Group 4, 5 or 6; LD is a bulky ligand that is linked to M; each Q is independently bound to M and Q2 (YZ) forms a non-loaded polydentate ligand; A or Q is a univalent anionic ligand also linked to M; X is a univalent anionic group when n is 2 or X is a divalent anionic group when n is 1; n is 1 or 2. In formula (IV), L and M are as defined above for formula (I). Q is as defined above for formula (I), preferably Q is selected from the group consisting of -0-, -NR-, CR2- and -S-; And it is either C or S; Z is selected from the group consisting of -OR, -NR2 / -CR3, -SR, -SiR3 / -PR2, -H, and substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups, with the proviso that when Q is -NR- then Z it is selected from one of the group consisting of -OR, -NR2, -SR, -SiR3, -PR2 and -H; R is selected from a group containing carbon, silicon, nitrogen, oxygen, and / or phosphorus, preferably when R is a group of hydrocarbons containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl group; n is an integer from 1 to 4, preferably 1 or 2; X is a univalent anionic group when n is 2 or X is a divalent anionic group when n is 1, preferably X is a carbamate, carboxylate, or other heteroalyl fraction described by the combination of Q, Y, Z. In another embodiment of the invention, bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compounds are heterocyclic ligand complexes where the bulky ligands, ring (s) or ring systems, include one or more heteroatoms or a combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of heteroatoms include an element from Group 13 to 16, preferably nitrogen, boron, sulfur, oxygen, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus and tin. Examples of these metallocene-type catalyst compounds are described in WO 96/33202, WO 96/34021, WO 97/17379 and WO 98/22486, and EP-A1-0 874 005, and US Pat. Nos .: 5, 637,660, 5,539,124, 5,554,775, 5,756,611, 5,233,049, 5,744,417, and 5, 856, 258 all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. In another embodiment, bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds are those complexes known as transition metal catalysts based on bidentate ligands containing pyridine or quinoline moieties, such as those described in U.S. Patent Application No. 09 / 103,620 filed June 23, 1998, which is incorporated herein by reference. In another embodiment, bulky ligand metallocene catalyst compounds are those described in PCT international publications 20 99/0144481 and WO 98/42664, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In one embodiment, the bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compound is represented by the formula: ((Z) XAt (YJ)) qMQn (V) where M is a metal selected from Group 3 to 13 or from the series of lanthanides or actinides of the Periodic Table of the Elements; Q is linked to M and each Q is a monovalent, bivalent, or trivalent anion; X and Y are linked to M; one or more of X and Y are heteroatoms, preferably both X and Y are heteroatoms; And it is contained in a heterocyclic ring J, wherein J comprises from 2 to 50 atoms that are not hydrogen, preferably from 2 to 30 atoms; Z is linked to Z, wherein Z comprises from 1 to 50 non-hydrogen atoms, preferably from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, preferably Z is a cyclic group containing from 3 to 50 atoms, preferably from 3 to 30 atoms of carbon; t is 0 or 1; when t is 1, A is a bridge group attached to at least one of X, Y or J, preferably X and J; q is 1 or 2; n is an integer from 1 to 4 depending on the oxidation state of M. In one embodiment, when X is oxygen or sulfur then Z is optional. In another modality, where X is nitrogen or phosphorous then Z is present. In one embodiment, Z is preferably an aryl group, more preferably a substituted aryl group. Other voluminous ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds It is within the scope of this invention, in one embodiment, that bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds include Ni2 + and Pd2 + complexes described in the articles Johnson, et al., "New Pd (II) - and Ni (II) -Based Catalysts for Polymerization of Ethylene and a-Olefins ", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1995, 117, 6414-6415 and Johnson, et al.," Copolymerization of Ethylene and Propylene with Functionalized Vinyl Monomers by Palladium (II) Catalysts ", J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 267-268, and international publications WO 96/23010 published August 1, 1996, WO 99/02472, patents of the United States Nos. 5,852,145, 5,866,663 and 5,880,241, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. These complexes can be either dialkyl ether adducts, or products of the alkylated reaction of dihalide complexes that can be activated to a cationic state by the activators of this invention described below.

Also included as bulky ligand metallocene-type catalysts are the di-imine-based ligands of the metal compounds of Group 8 through 10 described in PCT international publications WO 96/23010 and WO 97/48735 and Gibson, et al., Chem. Comm., Pages 849-850 (1998), all of which are incorporated herein by reference. Other bulky ligand metallocene type catalysts are those imido complexes of Group 5 and 6 described in European Patent EP-A2-0 816 384 and U.S. Patent No. 5,851,945, which is incorporated herein by reference. In addition, bulky ligand metallocene type catalysts include bridged Group 4 bis (arylamido) compounds described by D.H. McConville, et al., In Organometallics 1195, 14, 5478-5480, which is incorporated herein by reference. Other bulky ligand metallocene type catalysts are described as bis (aromatic hydroxy nitrogen ligands) in U.S. Patent No. 5,852,146, which is incorporated herein by reference. Other metallocene type catalysts containing one or more Group 15 atoms include those described in the international publication WO 98/46651, which is incorporated herein by reference. It is also contemplated that in one embodiment, the bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst of the invention described above includes its structural or optical or enantiomeric isomers (meso and racemic isomers, for example, see U.S. Patent No. 5,852,143, incorporated herein). in the present by reference) and mixtures thereof. Activator and activation methods for bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds The bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds described above of the invention are typically activated in various ways to produce catalyst compounds that have a vacant coordination site that will coordinate, insert, and Poly will bristle olefins, an activated polymerization catalyst. For the purposes of this patent specification and appended claims, the term "activator" is defined as being any compound or component or method which can activate any of the bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds of the invention as described above. Non-limiting activators, for example, may include a Bronsted acid or a non-coordinating ionic activator or ionizing activator or any other compound including Bronsted bases, aluminum alkyls, conventional type cocatalysts and combinations thereof that can convert to a compound neutral bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst in a catalytically active voluminous ligand metallocene type cation. It is within the scope of this invention to use alumoxane or modified alumoxane as an activator, and / or also to use ionizing, neutral or ionic activators, such as tri (n-butyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) boron, a metalloid precursor of trisperfluorophenyl boron or a metalloid precursor trisperfluoronaphthyl boron, polyhalogenated heteroborane anions (WO 98/43983) or combinations thereof, which would ionize the bulky ligand-like metallocene catalyst compound neutral. In one embodiment, an activation method using ionizing ionic compounds does not contain an active proton but is capable of producing both a bulky ligand metallocene-like catalyst cation and a non-coordinating anion also contemplated, and is described in European publications EP-A -0 426 637, EP-A-0 573 403 and U.S. Patent No. 5,387,568, which are incorporated herein by reference. There are a variety of methods for preparing alumoxane and modified alumoxanes, non-limiting examples of which are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4., 665,208, 4,952,540, 5,091,352, 5,206,199, 5,204,419, 4,874,734, 4,924,018, 4,908,463, 4,968,827, 5,308,815, 5,329,032, 5,248,801, 5,235,081, 5,157,137, 5,103,031, 5,391,793, 5,391,529, 5,693,838, 5,731,253, 5,731,451, 5,744,656 5,847,177,5,854,166 and 5,856,256 and the publications EP-A-0 561 476, EP-B1-0 279 586, EP-A-0 594-218 and EP-B1-0 586 665, and PCT International Publication WO 94/10180, all of which are fully incorporated in the present by reference. Organoaluminum compounds useful as activators include triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trimethylaluminum, tri-n-hexylaluminum and the like. The ionizing compounds may contain an active proton, or some other cation associated but not coordinated with or uniquely coordinated in a loose manner with the remaining ion of the ionizing compound. These compounds and the like are described in European publications EP-A-0 570 982, EP-A-0 520 732, EP-A-0 495 375, EP-A-500 944, EP-A-0 277 003 and EP-A-0 277 004, and U.S. Patent Nos. 5,153,157, 5,198,401, 5,066,741, 5,206,197, 5,241,025, 5, 384, 299 and 5, 502, 124 and U.S. Patent Application No. of Series 08 / 285,380, filed on August 3, 1994, all of which are fully incorporated herein by reference. Other activators describe those described in PCT international publication WO 98/07515 such as tris (2, 2 ', 2"-nonafluorobiphenyl) fluoroaluminate, the publication of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Combinations of activators are also contemplated by the invention, for example, alumoxanes and ionizing activators in combinations, see for example, European publication EP-B1 0 573 120, PCT international publications WO 94/07928 and WO 95/14044 and patents of the United States Nos. 5,153,157 and 5,453,410 all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Other activators include aluminum / boron complexes as described in EP 608 830 Bl, which is incorporated herein by reference. WO 98/09996 incorporated herein by reference discloses voluminous ligand metallocene type catalyst compounds with perchlorates, periodates and iodates including their hydrates. WO 98/30602 and WO 98/30603 incorporated by reference describe the use of lithium (2,2'-bisphenyltrimethyl-silicate). 4THF as an activator for the bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compound. European publication EP-B1-0 781 299 discloses using a silyl salt in combination with a non-coordinating compatible anion. Also, activation methods such as using radiation (see European patent Bl-0 615 981 incorporated herein by reference), electrochemical oxidation, and the like are contemplated as activation methods for the purposes of rendering the metallocene-like ligand-like catalyst compound voluminous neutral or precursor in a bulky ligand metallocene-type cation capable of polymerizing olefins. Other activators or methods for activating a bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compound are described in, for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 5,849,852, 5,859,653 and 5,869,723 and PCT International Publication WO 98/32775, which are incorporated herein by reference. by reference. It is also within the scope of this invention that the bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds described above can be combined with one or more catalyst compounds represented by the formulas of (I) to (V) with one or more activators or methods of activation described above. It is also contemplated by the invention that other catalysts can be combined with the bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compounds of the invention. For example, see U.S. Patents Nos. 4,937,299, 4,935,474, 5,281,679, 5,359,015, 5,470,811., and 5,719,241 all of which are fully incorporated herein by reference. It is also contemplated that any of the bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds of the invention will have at least one fluoride or fluorine containing a leaving group as described in United States patent application Serial No. 09 / 191,916, filed November 13, 1998. In another embodiment of the invention, one or more bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compounds or catalyst systems may be used in combination with one or more conventional type catalyst compounds or systems. Non-limiting examples of mixed catalysts and mixed catalyst systems are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,159,965, 4,325,837, 4,701,432, 5,124,418, 5,077,255, 5,183,867, 5,391,660, 5,395,810, 5,691,264, 5,723,399 and 5,767,031 and PCT International Publication WO 96/23010 published August 1, 1996, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety by reference . Supports, vehicles and general support techniques The bulky ligand-metallocene-type catalyst compounds described above and catalyst systems and conventional type transition metal catalyst compounds and systems can be combined with one or more carrier materials or vehicles using one of the support methods well known in the art or as described below. For example, in a more preferred embodiment, a bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compound or catalyst system is in a supported form, for example, deposited on, contacted with, or incorporated into, adsorbed or absorbed in a support or vehicle. The terms "support" or "vehicle" are used interchangeably and are any support material, preferably a porous support material, more preferably an inorganic support or an organic support. Inorganic supports are preferred, for example, inorganic oxides and inorganic chlorides. Other carriers include resinous support materials such as polystyrene, functionalized or crosslinked organic supports, such as polystyrene polyolefins, divinyl benzene or polymeric compounds, zeolites, clays, talc, or any other organic or inorganic support material and the like, or mixtures thereof. the same. Most preferred vehicles are organic oxides which include those metal oxides of Group 2, 3, 4, 5, 13 or 14. Preferred supports include silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide-aluminum oxide, magnesium chloride , and mixtures thereof. Other useful supports include magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, montmorillonite (European publication EP-B1 0 511 665) and the like. Also, combinations of these support materials can be used, for example, silicon-chromium oxide, silicon oxide-aluminum oxide, silicon oxide-titanium oxide and the like. It is preferred that the carrier, more preferably an inorganic oxide, have a surface area of the range from about 10 to about 700 m2 / g, pore volume in the range of about 0.1 to about 4.0 cc / g and average particle size in the range from about 10 to about 500 μm. More preferably, the carrier surface area is in the range of from about 50 to about 500 m2 / g, pore volume from about 0.5 to about 3.5 cc / g and average particle size of from about 20 to about 200 μm. More preferably, the carrier surface area is in the range of from about 100 to about 400 m2 / g, pore volume from about 0.8 to about 3.0 cc / g and average particle size of from about 20 to about 100 μm. The average pore size of a carrier of the invention is typically in the range of from about 10 Á to 1000 Á, preferably 50 Á to about 500 Á, and more preferably 75 Á to about 350 Á. Examples of bulky ligand metallocene catalyst support of the invention are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,701,432, 4,808,561, 4,912,075, 4,925,821, 4,937,217, 5,008,228, 5,238,892, 5,240,894, 5,332,706, 5,346,925, 5,422,325, 5,466,649, 5,466,766, 5,468,702, 5,529,965, 5,554,704, 5,629,253, 5,639,835, 5,625,015, 5,643,847, 5,665,665, 5,698,487, 5,714,424, 5,723,400, 5,723,402, 5,731,261, 5,759,940, 5,767,032, 5,770,664 and 5,846,895, and United States patent applications with Serial No. 271,598 filed on July 7, 1994 and 788, 736 filed January 23, 1997 and PCT international publications WO 95/32995, WO 95/14044, WO 96/06187 and WO 97/02297, and EP-B1-0685 494 all of which are incorporated herein by reference. complete by reference. Examples of support for conventional type transition metal catalyst compounds are well known in the art. There are several other methods in the art for supporting a catalyst system or polymerization catalyst compound of the invention. For example, the bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compound of the invention may contain a polymer-bound ligand as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,473,202 and 5,770,755, which are fully incorporated by reference herein, the Bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst of the invention can be spray dried as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,648,310, which is fully incorporated by reference herein; the support used with the bulky ligand metallocene catalyst-type system of the invention is functionalized as described in European publication EP-A-0 802 203, which is fully incorporated by reference herein; or at least one substituent or leaving group is selected as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,688,880, which is fully incorporated by reference herein. In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a supported bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst system that includes antistatic agent or surface modifier that is used in the preparation of the supported catalyst system, as described in PCT international publication WO 96/11960 which it is fully incorporated by reference to the present. The catalyst systems of the invention can be prepared in the presence of an olefin, for example hexene-1.

In another embodiment, the bulky ligand metallocene catalyst system can be combined with a carboxylic acid salt or a metal ester, for example aluminum carboxylates such as aluminum mono-, di- and tri-stearates, aluminum octoates, oleates and cyclohexylbutyrates, as described in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 09 / 113,216, filed July 10, 1998. A preferred method for producing the bulky ligand-supported metallocene catalyst system of the invention is described below and can be found in U.S. Patent Applications Serial Nos. 265,533, filed June 24, 1994 and 265,532, filed June 24, 1994 and PCT international publications WO 96/00245 and WO 96/00243 both published on January 4, 1996, all of which are fully incorporated by reference herein. In this preferred method, the bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compound is rendered aqueous slurry in a liquid to form a metallocene solution and a separate solution is formed containing an activator and a liquid. The liquid can be any compatible solvent or other liquid capable of forming a solution or something similar with the bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst and / or activator compounds of the invention. In the most preferred embodiment the liquid is a cyclic or aromatic aliphatic hydrocarbon, more preferably toluene. The bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compound and the activating solutions are mixed with each other and added to a porous support or the porous support is added to the solutions so that the total volume of the bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst solution and the activator solution or the bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compound and the activating solution is less than five times the pore volume of the porous support, more preferably less than four times, still more preferably less than three times; Preferred ranges are between 1.1 times to 3.5 times the range and more preferably in the range of 1.2 to 3 times. Procedures for measuring the total pore volume of the porous support are well known in the art. Details of one of these procedures is discussed in Volume 1, Experimental Methods in Catalytic Research (Academic Press, 1968) (specifically see pages 67-96). This preferred method involves the use of a classic BET apparatus for nitrogen absorption. Another well-known method in the art is described in Innes, Total Porosity and Particle Density and Fluid Catalysts by Liquid Ti tration, Vol. 28, No. 3, Analytical Chemistry 332-334 (March, 1956). The molar ratio of the metal of the activating component to the metal of the supported bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compounds are in the range of 0.3: 1 to 2000: 1, preferably 20: 1 to 800: 1, and more preferably 50: 1 to 500: 1. When the activator is an ionizing activator such as that based on the tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) boron anion, the molar ratio of the metal of the activating component against the metal component of the catalyst is preferably in the range of 0.3: 1 to 3: 1. In one embodiment of the invention, the olefin (s), preferably olefin or olefin or alpha-olefin or alpha-olefins with from 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably ethylene or propylene or combinations thereof are prepolymerized in the presence of the catalyst system of the invention. conventional type transition metal and / or metallocene-type bulky ligand catalyst system of the invention prior to the main polymerization. The prepolymerization can be carried out batchwise or continuously in the gas, solution or slurry phase including at high pressures. The prepolymerization can be carried out with any olefin monomer or combination and / or in the presence of any agent that controls molecular weight such as hydrogen. For examples of prepolymerization procedures, see U.S. Patent Nos. 4,748,221, 4,789,359, 4,923,833, 4,921,825, 5,283,278 and 5,705,578 and European Publication EP-B-0279 863 and PCT International Publication WO 97/44371 all of which are hereby incorporated in full by reference. In this embodiment, the prepolymerization is either in the presence of at least two compounds, preferably the acidic and basic compounds, or at least two compounds are added after the prepolymerization, but before the main polymerization, or are simply added to the reactor with a pre-polymerized catalyst already formed or a combination thereof. For purposes of this patent specification and appended claims only, prepolymerization is considered a method for immobilizing a catalyst system and is therefore considered to form a supported catalyst system. Combinations of compounds There are several compounds that can be used to form a catalyst inhibitor to control the kinetics of an olefin polymerization catalyst. In the preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of two or more different compounds in the presence of a polymerization catalyst that reacts at a specific temperature during a polymerization process to release at least one catalyst inhibitor. In one embodiment, at least one of the compounds having a weight loss of not more than 20 weight percent, preferably less than 10 weight percent, more preferably less than 5 weight percent, even more preferably less than 2 weight percent. percent by weight and more preferably less than 1 percent by weight measured using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at 80 ° C for 20 minutes. In another embodiment of the invention at least one of the compounds has a dielectric constant greater than 2, preferably greater than 5, more preferably greater than 10 and / or a melting temperature in the range of from 0 ° C to 200 ° C, preferably from 10 ° C to 180 ° C, more preferably from 40 ° C to 150 ° C, and still more preferably from 80 ° C to 130 ° C. Other compounds include at least one oxidant or at least one reductant. The most preferred compounds are combinations of acids and bases, specifically Bronsted acids and Bronsted bases. The acid / base and oxidant / reductant combinations are also contemplated for use in the present invention. In addition to the preferred acid / base combinations, non-limiting examples of others include one or more of: 1) dithiodibutyric acid and KN03; 2) condensation of a carbonyl compound with an amine to give an imine and water; 3) reaction of an aldehyde and a rhodium-based catalyst to liberate carbon monoxide; 4) condensation of an aldehyde and a ketone, or two aldehydes, to give an unsaturated carbonyl product and water; 5) oxidative decarboxylation of acids with lead tetra-acetate to give olefins and carbon dioxide; and 6) oxidative dissociation of 1,2-diols with periodic acid to produce two aldehydes. All of these combinations of compounds can be used with polymerization catalysts in a polymerization process of the invention to release a catalyst inhibitor. Acidic and Basic Compounds It is preferred that the acidic and basic compounds, preferably Bronsted acid and Bronsted base compounds, when combined or brought into contact with each other essentially or completely are not reactive with each other under certain conditions. These conditions depend on, for example, the particular polymerization process in which they are to be used and / or the delivery mechanism for their introduction to the reactor. However, when they are combined or brought into contact with each other under another set of conditions, for example, under polymerization conditions, they react to form a catalyst inhibitor which will essentially or completely become catalytically inactive to a catalyst system. Acidic compounds can be represented by the following general formula: XH, where XH is an acid, preferably a Bronsted acid (Bronsted, JN Rec. Trav. Chim. 1923, 42.718), with a pKa less than 20, preferably smaller than 15, more preferably less than 10, still more preferably less than 5. Some kinds of Bronsted acid include ketones, alcohols, ammonium salts, nitriles, nitro compounds, acetylenes, phenols, carboxylic acids and mineral acids. Examples of these classes include acetophenone, adamantanol, anilinium chloride, diphenylacetonitrile, picrolonic acid, phenylacetylene, phenol, benzoic acid and tungstic acid. More preferred are carboxylic acids, including o-toluic acid, tropic acid, 4-octyloxybenzoic acid, 4-bromophenylacetic acid, 2-phenoxybenzoic acid, 3,4-triethoxybenzoic acid and 2,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid. Especially preferred are acids having a high density of functional groups, such as malic acid and glutaric acid. Non-limiting examples of acidic compounds include 3-methyladipic acid, DL-malic acid, tropic acid, glutaric acid, ketoglutaric acid, pimelic acid, mandelic acid, 3-t-butyladipic acid and L-malic acid. The basic compounds can be represented by the following general formula: XB, where XB is a base, preferably a Bronsted base, wherein the conjugated acid has a pKa greater than -5 and more preferably greater than 0. Some kinds of bases of Bronsted include enolate anions, alkoxides, hydroxides, amides, deprotonated nitriles and nitro compounds, acetylides, phenoxides, carboxylates and various mineral salts. Examples of these classes include acetophenone lithium enolate, lithium adamantanoxide, sodium amide, sodium diphenylacetonitrile, sodium picrolonate, lithium phenylacetylene, potassium phenoxide, magnesium benzoate, and cesium tungstate. More preferred are the compounds, which after conversion to the base form become volatile, and thus more able to render the catalyst inactive. Examples of these include lithium carbonate, calcium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, lithium methoxide, magnesium phenoxide, potassium acetate and lithium acetonate. More preferred are the carbonate and hydroxide salts. Non-limiting examples of basic compounds include potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, barium carbonate, zinc carbonate hydrate hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide hydrate carbonate, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide. In the most preferred embodiment, the acid compound or the basic compound are solid, preferably both the acid compound and the basic compound are solids. The conditions at which the catalyst inhibitor is produced can be controlled by varying the acidic and basic compounds, more preferably the acidic compound. A preferred way to adjust the reaction of the acid and base compounds is by changing the temperature at which the catalyst inhibitor is formed. This can be done by choosing the melting temperature of the acid compound or the basic compound. In one embodiment, the acid compound and / or the basic compound has a melting point in the range of from 50 ° C to about 130 ° C, preferably in the range of from about 60 ° C to about 120 ° C, more preferably in the range from 70 ° C to about 110 ° C, and more preferably in the range from 80 ° C to about 105 ° C. In another embodiment, the acid compound or the basic compound has a melting point higher than 60 ° C, preferably higher than 70 ° C, more preferably higher than 75 ° C, and more preferably higher than 80 ° C. In a preferred embodiment, the acid / base combination is tropic acid with lithium carbonate. Other acid / base combinations, one or more acids with one or more bases, include acids: glutaric acid, methyl adipic acid, L-malic acid, 4-octyloxybenzoic acid, 3-t-butyladipic acid, ketoglutaric acid, tropic acid and DL-malic acid, with the following bases: lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium carbonate hydroxide. Preferred combinations of the acidic and basic compounds are those that react rapidly and release the catalyst inhibitor in high yield. Moreover, it was found that the take-off temperature for the release of the catalyst inhibitor does not entirely depend on the melting point (s) of the acid / base compounds but can be adjusted by proper selection of the acid-base pair. The melting point of the acid and / or base can be controlled in one embodiment using dopants and mixtures of acidic and / or basic compounds. The insolubility in hydrocarbons is indispensable for the reactions in mud phase and solution phase. If desired, a third compound (adjuvant) can be added that facilitates the reaction of the acid with the base (e.g., a flow agent). This adjuvant could also precipitate the reaction between the acid and the base by virtue of melting at the selected temperature. Examples of preferred combinations include L-malic acid with calcium carbonate, DL-malic acid with potassium carbonate, tropic acid with lithium carbonate, octyloxybenzoic acid with sodium carbonate and L-malic acid with magnesium hydroxide. Examples of adjuvants could include aluminum distearate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, polyethylene glycol and potassium laurate. In one embodiment, either the acid or the base may have a lower melting point than the other, however, it is preferred that the acid and basic compounds be solids in a temperature range of from 25 ° C to normal temperature reaction in the reactor during polymerization. Normal polymerization temperatures may vary depending on the process used and / or the polymer produced. Typically the polymerization temperatures in a gas phase process are in the range of 50 ° C to about 120 ° C, more preferably from about 60 ° C to about 110 ° C, more preferably from about 65 ° C to about 100 ° C. . Other polymerization temperatures are discussed later in this patent specification. In addition, in one embodiment, the two different compounds, preferably the acidic and basic compounds, react at a temperature that is greater than 5 ° C above the polymerization temperature. Most preferred acidic compounds generally include di and triazides having a very low vapor pressure, low hydrocarbon solubility, preferably without vapor pressure. Acidic compounds having low toxicity are also preferred. Other preferred properties for the acidic and basic compounds include the following considerations: 1) adjustable so as to dry the temperature setting (acid / base reaction) can be adjusted to taste for a given process; 2) low toxicity; 3) that is not volatile as a solid; 4) that responds quickly in a narrow temperature range; 5) which gives high performance of the catalyst or inhibitors based on weight; 6) that is not affected by the type of catalyst; 7) that operates under various reactor conditions; 8) uniformly distributed throughout the reactor, and preferably not entering the recycle line; 9) that does not significantly affect the agglutination process; 10) that does not adversely affect the properties of the downstream polymer; and 11) that is easily handled. In a preferred embodiment, the acid and base compounds are polar compounds of the acidic compound have at least one -OH functionality and the basic compound has at least one functionality -O, preferably a -CO functionality. More preferably these polar compounds are insoluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons. The most preferred combination is L-malic acid and a carbonate compound, preferably a calcium carbonate. The reaction of malic acid and calcium carbonate results in the generation of at least two non-limiting examples of catalyst inhibitors, water and carbon dioxide. Other byproducts that may be formed include calcium maleate. Other possible non-limiting catalyst inhibitors include alcohols, ketones, acetylenes, dienes, ammonia, amines, carboxylic acids, nitriles, nitro compounds. In one embodiment, the acidic and basic compounds are used in a molar ratio of from 50: 1 to 1:15, preferably from about 2: 1 to 1: 2. Methods for using the combination of compounds The use of at least two different compounds, preferably in the acid and basic compounds, of the invention may vary. For example, the acid and basic compounds can be added or introduced with or without a catalyst directly into a polymerization process. The acid and basic compounds can be combined before being introduced into the polymerization process, or the acid and basic compounds can be added separately and / or simultaneously to the reactor. In one embodiment, the acidic and basic compounds are contacted with catalyst compound before being introduced to the reactor. In an alternative embodiment, the acid compound is contacted with the catalyst compound and the basic compound is added separately. Other embodiments may include placing the acid compound and / or the basic compound and / or oxidant and / or reductant in a support material and then introducing the support material into the polymerization reactor. The at least two compounds, preferably the acidic and basic compounds, can be introduced in a mode in the recycle stream of the gas phase polymerization process or under the distributor plate or in a region within the reactor where the tendency for the lamination is present is high. The details of a gas phase polymerization process are discussed later in this patent specification. In still another embodiment, the at least two compounds, preferably the acidic and basic compounds, are used in combination with an unsupported catalyst system. In the most preferred embodiment, the acidic and basic compounds are used with a supported catalyst system. A more preferred method for making a supported catalyst system of the invention generally involves the combination, contacting, stirring, gluing and / or mixing any of the catalyst compounds described above, preferably a bulky ligand metallocene-like catalyst compound using any of the previously described techniques. In one embodiment of the method of the invention, a catalyst compound is combined, contacted, bonded, stirred and / or mixed with at least one acid compound and at least one basic compound with at least one reductant and at least one oxidant. In a more preferred mode, the catalyst compound is a conventional type transition metal catalyst and / or a bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst supported in a vehicle. In one embodiment, the acid and basic compounds are in a mineral oil slurry with or without a catalyst system, preferably with a supported catalyst system which is introduced into a polymerization process. It is possible to improve the flow to a reactor of a polymerization catalyst that has been combined with the acid / base combination using Kaydol 350 mineral oil or a flow aid such as TS 610 Cabosil, available from Cabot Corporation, Tuscola, Illinois. In one embodiment, the flow and performance of the acid / base interaction is improved by modifying the particle size of the acidic compound and / or the basic compound. In a preferred embodiment, the particle size of the acid and / or base compound is less than 100 μ, preferably less than 50 μ. In another embodiment, the steps of the method of the invention include forming a polymerization catalyst, preferably forming a supported polymerization catalyst, and contacting the polymerization catalyst, preferably the supported polymerization catalyst, with at least one acidic compound and when less a basic compound and / or at least one reducing agent or at least one oxidant. In a preferred method, the polymerization catalyst comprises a catalyst compound, an activator and a carrier, preferably the polymerization catalyst is a bulky ligand metallocene-supported catalyst. In one embodiment of the method of the invention at least two different compounds, preferably the acidic and basic compounds, are contacted with the catalyst system, preferably a supported catalyst system, more preferably a bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst system supported under temperatures and environmental pressures Preferably the contact temperature for combining the polymerization catalyst and the acid and basic compounds is in the range of from 0 ° C to about 100 ° C, more preferably from 15 ° C to about 75 ° C, still more preferably at about environmental temperature and pressure. In a preferred embodiment, contacting the polymerization catalyst and the at least two compounds, preferably the acidic and basic compounds, is carried out under an inert gas atmosphere, such as nitrogen. However, it is contemplated that the combination of the polymerization catalyst and the acid and basic compounds can be carried out in the presence of olefin (s), solvents, hydrogen and the like. In one embodiment, the acid and / or basic and / or oxidant and reducing compounds can be added at any stage during the preparation. It is understood by those skilled in the art that by choosing pairs of acid / basic compounds for example, that the compounds do not react with each other in a substantial manner, preferably not during the preparation. In one embodiment of the method of the invention, the polymerization catalyst and the acid and basic compounds are combined in the presence of a liquid, for example, the liquid may be a mineral oil, toluene, hexane, isobutane or a mixture thereof. In a more preferred method the acidic and basic compounds are combined with a polymerization catalyst that has been formed in a liquid, preferably in a slurry, or combined with a substantially dry or dried polymerization catalyst, which has been placed in a liquid and re-formed in mud. Preferably, before use, the polymerization catalyst is contacted with the acidic and basic compounds for a period of time greater than one second, preferably from about one minute to about 48 hours, more preferably from about 10 minutes to about 10 hours , and more preferably from about 30 minutes to about 6 hours. The contact period refers to the mixing time only. In a modality, the molar ratio of the basic and acid compounds against the metal of the polymerization catalyst is in the range of from 5000 to about 0.2, preferably from about 1000 to about 0.5, more preferably from about 500 to about 1, and most preferably from about 250 to about 10. In another embodiment, the weight ratio of the basic and acid compounds to the weight of the polymerization catalyst (including support if it is a supported polymerization catalyst) is in the range of 100 to 0.001, preferably from about 10 to about 0.01, more preferably from 5 to 0.1, and more preferably from 2 to about 0.2. The mixing techniques and equipment contemplated for use in the method of the invention are well known. Mixing techniques may involve mechanical mixing means, for example shaking, stirring, stirring, and laminating. Another contemplated technique involves the use of fluidization, for example in a fluid bed reactor vessel where circulated gases provide mixing. Non-limiting examples of mixing equipment for combining, in the most preferred embodiment a solid polymerization catalyst and the acidic and basic compounds include a ribbon mixer, a static mixer, a double cone mixer, a drum mixer, a laminator drum, a dehydrator, a fluidized bed, a helical mixer and a conical screw mixer. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the catalyst system of the invention is supported on a vehicle, preferably the supported catalyst system is substantially dried, preformed, substantially dry and / or free flowing. In an especially preferred method of the invention, the preformed supported catalyst system is contacted with at least one acidic compound and with at least one basic compound. Acidic and basic compounds may be in solution or slurry or in a dry state, preferably acidic and basic compounds are substantially dry or in the dry state. In one embodiment, the method of the invention provides co-injecting an unsupported polymerization catalyst and the acidic and basic or oxidizing and reducing compounds into the reactor. In one embodiment, the polymerization catalyst is used in unsupported form, preferably in a liquid form such as that described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,317,036 and 5,693,727 and in European Publication EP-A-0 593 083, all which are incorporated herein by reference. The polymerization catalyst in liquid form can be fed with the acidic and basic compounds together or separately to a reactor using the injection methods described in PCT International Publication WO 97/46599, which is fully incorporated herein by reference. When a bulky ligand metallocene catalyst system is not supported the molar ratio of the metal against the activating component to the bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compound is in the range of 0.3: 1 to 10,000: 1, preferably 100: 1 to 5000 : 1, and more preferably 500: 1 to 2000: 1. In one embodiment, the polymerization catalyst has a productivity greater than 1500 grams of polymer per gram of catalyst, preferably greater than 2000 grams of polymer per gram of catalyst, more preferably greater than 2500 grams of polymer per gram of catalyst, and still more preferably greater than 3000 grams of polymer per gram of catalyst. In one embodiment, when the at least two different compounds, preferably the acidic and basic compounds of the invention react to form a catalyst inhibitor, the catalyst productivity is reduced to less than less than 1500 grams of polymer per gram of catalyst, preferably less than 1000 grams of polymer per gram of catalyst, more preferably less than 500 grams of polymer per gram of catalyst, and still more preferably less than 100 grams of polymer per gram of catalyst and even more preferably less than 25 grams of polymer per gram of catalyst and most preferably less than that is measurably possible or 0 grams of polymer per gram of catalyst. The at least two different compounds, preferably the acid and the base, can be used together or the acid separately from the base, with or without being separated from the catalyst. In one embodiment, a binder is used to maintain the at least two different compounds, the acid and base, the acid or base with the catalyst, or the acid and base and the catalyst, or simply to facilitate the reaction between the acid and base. Although you do not want to stick to any theory, binders can help facilitate the reaction of acid and base. Also, a support material and / or a flow aid may be included. The binder can be added to the catalyst in several ways, for example, the binder can be added just after the catalyst is made and it is still in a muddy state or before the evaporation of any liquid in which the catalyst was prepared. Non-limiting examples of binders include polyethylene oxide / propylene oxide, mineral oil, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, silicone oil, various waxes such as carnauba wax, surfactants such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and chelating agents such as EDTA. The at least two different compounds, preferably the acid and base components can be combined with agents that facilitate the reaction between the acid and base compounds and trigger the temperature and / or help dissipate the accumulated static charge and / or modify the properties of flow of the material and / or improve the free flow of powders by reducing the dust bed packing, decreasing the coherence of particles, and reducing interparticle friction. Non-limiting examples of these agents include silicon oxide such as cabosyl, clays, surfactants such as fatty acid esters, metal salts of fatty acids, silicon oxides, metal halides, solvated metal halides, amines, polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene and its derivatives, and sulfonates. Polymerization Process The catalyst system which includes the at least two different compounds, the acid and base compounds, and the oxidants and reducers of the invention described above are suitable for use in any prepolymerization and / or polymerization process over a wide range of temperatures and pressures. The temperatures may be in the range of from -60 ° C to approximately 280 ° C, preferably from 50 ° C to approximately 200 ° C, and the pressures employed may be in the range from 1 atmosphere to approximately 500 atmospheres or greater. The polymerization processes include processes in solution phase, gas phase, mud phase and high pressure or a combination thereof. Particularly preferred is a gas phase or mud phase polymerization of one or more olefins which at least one is ethylene or propylene. In one embodiment, the process of this invention is directed to solution polymerization, slurry phase or gas phase for one or more olefin monomers having from 2 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably from 2 to 8 carbon atoms. The invention is particularly suitable for the polymerization of two or more olefin monomers of ethylene, propylene, butene-1, pentene-1, 4-methyl-pentene-1, hexene-1, octene-1 and decene-1. Other monomers useful in the process of the invention include ethylenically unsaturated monomers, diolefins having from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, conjugated or non-conjugated dienes, polyenes, vinyl monomers and cyclic olefins. Non-limiting monomers useful in the invention may include norbornene, norbornadiene, isobutylene, vinylbenzocyclobutane, styrenes, alkyl substituted styrene, norbornene ethylene, isoprene, dicyclopentadiene and cyclopentene. In the most preferred embodiment of the process of the invention, an ethylene copolymer is produced, wherein with ethylene, a comonomer having at least one alpha olefin having from 4 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, carbon, and more preferably from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, is polymerized in a gas phase process. In another embodiment of the process of the invention, ethylene or propylene is polymerized with at least two different comonomers, optionally one of which may be diene, to form a terpolymer. In one embodiment, the invention is directed to a process, particularly a gas phase or mud phase process, to polymerize propylene alone or with one or more monomers including ethylene, and olefins having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms. The polypropylene polymers can be produced using particularly bridged bulky ligand metallocene type catalysts as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,296,434 and 5,278,264, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. Typically in a gas phase polymerization process a continuous cycle is employed wherein a part of the cycle of a reactor system, a cycle gas stream, otherwise known as recycle stream or fluidizing medium, is heated in the reactor by the heat of the polymerization. This heat is removed from the recycle composition in another part of the cycle by cooling the external system to the reactor. Generally, in a gas fluidized bed process for producing polymers, a gaseous stream containing one or more monomers is continuously cycled through a fluidized bed in the presence of a catalyst under reactive conditions. The gas stream is removed from the fluidized bed and recycled back to the reactor. Simultaneously, the polymer product is removed from the reactor and new monomer is added to replace the polymerized monomer (see for example, U.S. Patent Nos. 4,543,399, 4,588,790, 5,028,670, 5,317,036, 5,352,749, 5,405,922, 5,436,304, 5,453,471, 5,462,999 , 5,616,661 and 5,668,228 all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety). The reactor pressure in a gas phase process can vary from about 690 kPa to about 3448 kPa, preferably in the range from about 1379 kPa to about 2759 kPa, more preferably in the range from about 1724 kPa to about 2414 kPa. The temperature of the reactor in the gas phase process can vary from about 30 ° C to about 120 ° C, preferably from about 60 ° C to about 115 ° C, more preferably in the range from about 70 ° C to 110 °. C, and still more preferably in the range of from about 70 ° C to about 95 ° C. Other gas phase processes contemplated by the process of the invention include those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,627,242, 5,665,818 and 5,677,375, and in European publications EP-A-0 794 200, EP-A-0 802 202 , EP-A2 0 891 990 and EP-B-634 421 all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

In a preferred embodiment, the reactor used in the present invention is capable and the process of the invention is producing more than 227 kg / hour of polymer up to about 90,900 kg / hour or more of polymer, preferably more than 455 kg / hour, more preferably more than 4540 kg / hour, even more preferably more than 11.300 kg / hour, still more preferably more than 15, 900 kg / hour, still more preferably more than 22,700 kg / hour and more preferably more than 29,000 kg / hour until more of 45,500 kg / hour. A slurry polymerization process that generally uses pressures in the range of from about 1 to about 50 atmospheres and even higher and temperatures in the range of 0 ° C to about 120 ° C. In a slurry polymerization, a suspension of solid, particulate polymer is formed in a liquid polymerization diluent medium to which ethylene and comonomers are added and often hydrogen together with the catalyst. The suspension including diluent is removed intermittently or continuously from the reactor where the volatile components of the polymer are separated and recycled, optionally after distillation, to the reactor. The diluent liquid used in the polymerization medium is typically an alkane having from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, preferably a branched alkane. The medium used should be liquid under the conditions of polymerization and relatively inert. When a propane medium is used in the process, it must be operated above the critical temperature and pressure of the reaction diluent. Preferably, a hexane or an isobutane medium is used. A preferred polymerization technique of the invention is known as particle polymerization, or a slurry process wherein the temperature is maintained below the temperature at which the polymer becomes a solution. This technique is well known in the field, and is described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 3,248,179, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Other mud processes include those that employ a cycle reactor and those that use a plurality of reactors agitated in series, parallel, or combinations thereof. Non-limiting examples of mud processes include continuous cycle or stirred tank processes. Also, other examples of slurry processes are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,613,484, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In one embodiment the reactor used in the slurry process of the invention is capable of and the process of the invention is to produce more than 907 kilograms of polymer per hour, more preferably more than 2268 kilograms of polymer per hour, and more still more preferably more than 4540 kilograms of polymer per hour. In another embodiment, the mud reactor used in the process of the invention produces more than 6804 kilograms of polymer per hour, preferably more than 11.340 kilograms of polymer per hour to about 45,500 kilograms of polymer per hour. Examples of processes in solution are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,271,060, 5,001,205, 5,236,998 and 5,589,555, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. A preferred process of the invention is where the process, preferably a slurry process or gas is operated in the presence of a bulky ligand metallocene catalyst system and in the absence of or essentially free of any scavenger, such as triethylaluminum, trimethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum and tri-n-hexylaluminum and diethylaluminum chloride, dibutyl zinc and the like. This preferred process is described in PCT International Publication WO 96/08520 and in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,712,352 and 5,763,543 which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Polymer Product of the Invention The polymers produced by the process of the invention can be used in a wide variety of end-use products and applications. The polymers produced by the process of the invention include linear low density polyethylene, elastomers, plastomers, high density polyethylenes, low density polyethylenes, polypropylene and polypropylene copolymers. The polymers, typically ethylene-based polymers, have a density in the range of from 0.86 g / cc to 0.97 g / cc, preferably in the range of from 0.88 g / cc to 0.965 g / cc, more preferably in the range of from 0.900 g / cc to 0.96 g / cc, even more preferably in the range from 0.905 g / cc to 0.95 g / cc, still more preferably in the range of 0.910 g / cc to 0.940 g / cc, and more preferably higher of 0.915 g / cc, preferably greater than 0.920 g / cc, and more preferably greater than 0.925 g / cc. The polymers produced by the process of the invention typically have a molecular weight distribution, a weight average molecular weight versus number average molecular weight (M "/ M greater than 1.5 to approximately 15, particularly greater than 2 to approximately 10, more preferably greater than about 2.2 to less than about 8, and still more preferably 2.5 to 8. Also, the polymers of the invention typically have a narrow compositional distribution as measured by the Composition Distribution Expansion Index (CDBI). Further details for determining the CDBI of the copolymer are known to those skilled in the art, See, for example, PCT International Patent Application WO 93/03093, published February 18, 1993, which is incorporated herein in its entirety. by reference.

The bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyzed polymers of the invention in one embodiment have a CDBI generally in the range of greater than 50 percent up to 99 percent, preferably in the range of 55 percent up to 85 percent, and more preferably 60 percent. percent to 80 percent, even more preferably greater than 60 percent, still more preferably greater than 65 percent. In another embodiment, polymers produced using a conventional type transition metal catalyst have a CDBI of less than 50 percent, more preferably less than 40 percent, and more preferably less than 30 percent. The polymers of the present invention in one embodiment have a melt index (MI) or (I2) as measured by ASTM-D-1238-E in the range from 0.01 dg / minute to 1000 dg / minute, more preferably from about 0.01 dg / minute to about 100 dg / minute, even more preferably from about 0.1 dg / minute to about 50 dg / minute, and more preferably from about 0.1 dg / minute to about 10 dg / minute. The polymers of the invention in one embodiment have a melt index ratio (I21 / I2) (I21 measured by ASTM-D-1238-F) of from 10 to less than 25, more preferably from about 15 to less than 25. The polymers of the invention in a preferred embodiment have a melt index ratio (I21 / I2) (I2i as measured by ASTM-D-1238-F) of from preferably greater than 25, more preferably greater than 30, even more preferably higher of 40, still more preferably greater than 50 and much more preferably greater than 65. In one embodiment, the polymer of the invention may have a narrow molecular weight distribution and a broad composition distribution or vice versa, and may be the polymers described in U.S. Patent No. 5,798,427, incorporated herein by reference. In yet another embodiment, the propylene-based polymers are produced in the process of the invention. These polymers include atactic polypropylene, isotactic polypropylene, and semitic and syndiotactic polypropylene. Other propylene polymers include block or impact propylene copolymers. Propylene polymers of these types are well known in the art see for example U.S. Patents Nos .: 4,794,096, 3,248,455, 4,376,851, 5,036,034 and 5,459,117, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. The polymers of the invention can be combined and / or coextruded with any other polymer. Non-limiting examples of other polymers include linear low density polyethylenes produced via conventional Ziegler-Natta catalysts and / or bulky ligand metallocene type catalysts, elastomers, plastomers, high pressure low density polyethylene, high density polyethylenes, polypropylenes and the like. The polymers produced by the process of the invention and mixtures thereof are useful for forming operations such as film, sheet, fiber extrusion and coextrusion as well as blow molding, injection molding and rotary molding. Films include blown or cast films formed by coextrusion or by lamination useful as shrink film, bonded film, stretched film, sealing films, oriented films, candy packaging, heavy duty bags, market bags, baked food packaging and frozen, medical packaging, industrial coatings, membranes, etc. in applications of contact with food and without contact with food. The fibers include spunbond, spunbond, solution spinning and meltblown spun operations for use in woven or nonwoven form for making filters, diaper fabrics, medical clothing, geotextiles, and the like. The extracted items include medical tubes, wire and cable coatings, geomembranes, and pond linings, molded articles that include single and multi-layer constructions in the form of bottles, tanks, large hollow items, rigid containers for food and toys, and so on. EXAMPLES In order to provide a better understanding of the present invention including the representative advantages thereof, the following examples are offered. The polymerization catalyst used in the examples below was prepared similarly to the following preparation. The bridged bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compound was dimethylsilyl-bis (tetrahydroindenyl) zirconium dichloride (Me2Si (H4Ind) 2ZrCl2) available from Albemarle Corporation, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The catalyst compound (Me2Si (H4Ind) 2ZrCl2) was supported on Crosfield grade 70 silicon oxide at 600 ° C having approximately 1.0 weight percent ignition loss (LOI). The LOI is measured by determining the weight loss of the support material that has been heated and maintained at a temperature of about 1000 ° C for about 22 hours. Crosfield grade 70 silicon oxide ES has an average particle size of 40 microns and is available from Crosfield Limited, Warrington, England. The first step in the fabrication of the above supported bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst involves forming a precursor solution. 209 kilograms of extended and dry toluene was added to a stirred reactor after which 482 kilograms of a 30 weight percent methylaluminoxane (MAO) in toluene (available from Albemarle, Baton Rouge, Louisiana) was added. 430 kilograms of a 2 weight percent solution of toluene of a dimethylsilyl-bis (tetrahydroindenyl) zirconium dichloride catalyst compound and 272 kilograms of additional toluene were introduced into the reactor. The precursor solution was stirred at 26.7 ° C to 37.8 ° C for one hour. While stirring the previous precursor solution, 386 kilograms of Crosfield silicon oxide dehydrated vehicle at 600 ° C was slowly added to the precursor solution and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at 26.7 to 37.8 ° C. at the end of the 30 minutes of stirring the mixture, 109 kilograms of a 10 weight percent toluene solution of AS-990 (N, N-bis (2-hydroxylethyl) octadecyl ina ((C18H37N (CH2CH2OH) 2) available as Kema ine AS-990 from Witco Corporation, Memphis, Tennessee, is added along with an additional 50 kilograms of toluene rinse and the contents of the reactor are then mixed for 30 minutes while heating to 79 ° C. After 30 minutes, Vacuum is applied and the polymerization catalyst mixture is dried at 79 ° C for about 15 hours to a free flowing powder.The weight of the final polymerization catalyst was 544 kilograms and had a zirconium weight percent of 0.35 and one percent by weight of aluminum of 12.0 Examples 1 to 7 A one liter SS 316 reactor with an air operated helical stirrer and an external steam heated cover and an internal heat transfer cover of acetone was dried by heating to 115 ° C. C to the same time that was purged with 500 sccm of nitrogen for 30 minutes. After cooling to 90 ° C, it was charged with 100 grams of polyethylene (granular, Union Carbide, grade DSX4810 (available from Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, Connecticut), based on chromium, density 0.948, I10 = 10, unstabilized) under Inert conditions and pressurized / vented four times with 690 kPa of nitrogen. A solution of 100 micromoles of tri-isobutylaluminum (TIBA) was then added and the reactor was sealed and pressurized / vented three times with 690 kPa of ethylene before bringing the reactor to reactor conditions, 80 ° C and 738 kPa. A catalyst charging vessel comprises a 2-centimeter SS tube insulated between two valves and attached to a nitrogen vessel was charged with 60.7 milligrams of supported polymerization catalyst as described above in a glove box filled with nitrogen and attached to a reactor against a nitrogen purge. The reactor was pressurized and vented three times with ethylene. The reactor was brought to 80 ° C, 738 kPa and the catalyst was injected. After 38 minutes the temperature was raised to 100 ° C for 5 minutes and maintained for 40 minutes. The ideal combination of acid and base compounds for purposes of these experiments will have no effect on catalyst activity at 80 ° C but will substantially reduce the catalyst activity at 100 ° C. Table 1 represents the control experiments, where no acid compound or basic compound was used with the polymerization catalyst. Controls: these illustrate that without acid base, catalyst activity is substantial at the highest temperature range, 100 ° C in these examples.

Table 1 1 Activity is measured in polyethylene grams / mmol Zr / hour / 690 kPa ethylene Examples 8 to 12 As in Example 1 except that 45 milligrams of a 1: 1 mol: mol mixture of calcium carbonate and L-malic acid was charged to the catalyst charging vessel and injected under nitrogen pressure at 20 minutes during the segment of 80 ° C of the run. Table 2 illustrates the reproducible limit catalytic activity of the acid / base pair at the highest temperature. Debris is also reduced, indicating improved continuity. Examples 13 and 14 As in Example 8 except that the injection time was changed from 20 minutes to 10 minutes in Example 13 and 30 minutes in Example 14. Examples 13 and 14 illustrate that the acid / base combination can be added at several times without loss in the catalytic activity after the highest temperature period is reached. Example 15 As in Example 8 except that the acid / base compounds comprise a mol: mol 1: 1 mixture of potassium carbonate and L-malic acid (30 milligrams).

Table 2 1 Activity is measured in polyethylene grams / mmol Zr / hour / 690 kPa ethylene Example 16 As in Example 8 except that the acid / base compounds are made slurry in mineral oil (10 weight / volume percent) and injected with 5 milliliters of hexane. Example 17 As in Example 15 except that the acid / base compounds are made slurry in mineral oil (10 weight / volume percent) and injected with 5 milliliters of hexane.

Table 3 The activity is measured in grams of polyethylene / mmol Zr / hour / 690 kPa of ethylene Examples 18 and 19 As in Example 8 except that the acid / base compounds are commingled with the polymerization catalyst. Example 20 As in Example 15 except that the acid / base compounds are commingled with the polymerization catalyst.

Table 4 The activity is measured in grams of polyethylene / mmol Zr / hour / 690 kPa of ethylene Example 21 As in Examples 18 and 19 except that the acid / base compound is made with the polymerization catalyst in toluene and then evaporated to a powder.

Table 5 The activity is measured in grams of polyethylene / mmol Zr / hour / 690 kPa of ethylene Examples 22 and 23 As in Examples 18 and 19 except that all components are made of sludge in mineral oil (10 percent / volume) and injected with 5 milliliters of hexane. Examples 24 and 25 As in Example 20 except that all components are made of sludge in mineral oil (10 percent / volume) and injected with 5 milliliters of hexane.

Table 6 The activity is measured in grams of polyethylene / mmol Zr / hour / 690 kPa of ethylene Example 26 As in Example 8 except that the acid and the base do not combine with each other, instead the base is combined with the catalyst and the acid is injected only after 20 minutes. Example 26 illustrates separately injecting the acid from the base into the reactor. Example 27 As in Example 8 except that the acid and base do not combine with each other, instead the acid is combined with the catalyst and the base is injected alone at 20 minutes. Example 27 illustrates separately injecting the acid from the base into the reactor. Example 28 As in Example 15 except that the acid and the base do not combine with each other, instead the base is combined with the catalyst and the acid is injected only after 20 minutes. Example 29 As in Example 15 except that the acid and the base do not combine with each other, instead the acid is combined with the catalyst and the base is injected alone at 20 minutes. Example 30 As in Example 29 except that the base is made slurry in mineral oil (10 weight / volume percent) and injected with 5 milliliters of hexane. Example 31 As in Example 28 except that the acid is made mineral oil slurry (10 weight / volume percent) and injected with milliliters of hexane.

Table 7 1 Activity is measured in polyethylene grams / mmol Zr / hour / 690 kPa ethylene Example 32 As in Example 8 except that the acid / base mixture was prepared as follows: 6.7 grams of L-malic acid is dissolved in 25 milliliters of acetone and slurry is made with 5 grams of calcium carbonate in a bottom flask 100 milliliter round before rotating evaporated in a solid and drying under vacuum at 75 ° C overnight. In this Example 32 and Examples 33 and 34 below, the acid compound binds to the basic compound. Example 33 As in Example 32 except that only 30 milligrams of acid / base mixture is used. Example 34 As in Example 8 except that the acid / base mixture was prepared as follows: 13.4 grams of L-malic acid is dissolved in 46 milliliters of acetone and added for 1.5 hours to a 500 milliliter round bottom flask mechanically containing 10 grams of calcium carbonate heated at 50 ° C and continuously purged with nitrogen. After the addition the material is dried at 75 ° C under vacuum overnight. Examples 35 and 36 As in Example 27 but L-malic acid is not used. Examples 35 and 36 illustrate that the base compound without acid has no effect without the acid. Example 37 As in Example 8 except that 45 milligrams of a mixture of 1: 1 mol: mol of K2C03 and tropic acid is used in place of L-malic acid / calcium carbonate.

Table 8 Activity is measured in polyethylene grams / mmol Zr / hour / 690 kPa ethylene Although the present invention has been described and illustrated with reference to particular embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the invention lends itself to variations not necessarily illustrated herein. For example, it is contemplated that a different combination of acid and base compounds may be used during the polymerization process depending on the product being produced. Also, two or more polymerization reactors, in series or in parallel, mud and / or gas phase can be used in which different combinations of acid and base compounds and / or oxidants or reductants can be used. In addition, the combination of acid and base compounds can be used downstream of the reactor to deactivate polymer removal from a polymerization reactor. Also, two or more polymerization catalysts can be used with the acid / base and / or the oxidant / reductant of the invention. For this reason, then, reference will be made only to the appended claims for purposes of determining the true scope of the present invention.

Claims (55)

1. CLAIMS 1. A catalyst composition, comprising a polymerization catalyst and at least two different compounds which, at a specific temperature, react to form a catalyst inhibitor that deactivates the catalyst composition.
2. 2. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein the catalyst inhibitor is formed at a temperature different from the specified temperature.
3. 3. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein the specific temperature is greater than a polymerization temperature.
4. 4. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein the polymerization catalyst is supported.
5. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein at least two of the different compounds have a weight loss of less than 20% by weight, measured using thermo-gravimetric analysis at 80 * C for 20 minutes.
6. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein at least one of the two different compounds has a dielectric constant greater than 2.
7. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein the at least two different compounds are at least one acidic compound and at least one base compound.
8. The catalyst composition of claim 7, wherein the at least one acid compound has at least one -OH functionality and the at least one base compound has at least one -O functionality.
9. 9. The catalyst composition of claim 1, wherein the at least two different compounds are at least one oxidant and at least one reductant.
10. 10. The catalyst composition of the claim I, wherein the catalyst inhibitor comprises carbon dioxide.
11. 11. The catalyst composition of claim 7, wherein the acid compound is L-malic acid.
12. 12. The catalyst composition of the claim II, wherein the base compound is a carbonate-containing compound.
13. The catalyst composition of claim 7, wherein the molar ratio of the at least one acid compound and the at least one base compound is in the range of 20 to 0.05.
14. The catalyst composition of claim 7, wherein the acid compound is a Bronsted acid and the base compound is a Bronsted base.
15. 15. A process for polymerizing olefin (s) in the presence of a polymerization catalyst and at least two different compounds in a reactor at an operating temperature, wherein the at least two different compounds react at a temperature above the operating temperature to form a catalyst inhibitor that reduces the effectiveness of the polymerization catalyst for polymerizing olefin (s).
16. 16. The process of claim 15, wherein the at least two different compounds react at a temperature greater than the polymerization temperature.
17. The process of claim 15, wherein the at least two different compounds are at least one oxidant and at least one reductant.
18. 18. The process of claim 15, wherein the at least two different compounds are at least one acid compound and one base compound.
19. The process of claim 18, wherein the acidic compound has at least one -OH functionality and the base compound has at least one -O functionality.
20. The process of claim 18, wherein the acid compound is L-malic acid.
21. The process of claim 18, wherein the base compound is a carbonate-containing compound.
22. 22. The process of claim 15, wherein the catalyst inhibitor comprises carbon dioxide.
23. 23. The process of claim 15, wherein the polymerization catalyst is supported.
24. The process of claim 15, wherein the polymerization catalyst comprises a bulky ligand metallocene type catalyst compound.
25. 25. A continuous process for polymerizing one or more olefins in the presence of a polymerization catalyst in a reactor under polymerization conditions, the process comprising the steps of (a) introducing a first compound; (b) introducing a second compound; wherein the first and second compounds react in the reactor to form at least one catalyst inhibitor.
26. 26. The process of claim 25, wherein the first compound and the second compound are introduced to the reactor simultaneously.
27. 27. The process of claim 25, wherein the first compound and the second compound are combined before being introduced to the reactor.
28. 28. The process of claim 25, wherein the first compound is introduced with the polymerization catalyst.
29. 29. The process of claim 25, wherein the first compound is an acid compound.
30. 30. The process of claim 25, wherein the second compound is a base compound.
31. 31. The process of claim 29, wherein the acidic compound has at least one -OH functionality.
32. 32. The process of claim 30, wherein the base compound has at least one -O functionality.
33. 33. The process of claim 25, wherein the catalyst inhibitor comprises carbon dioxide.
34. 34. The process of claim 25, wherein the polymerization catalyst comprises a bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compound and an activator.
35. 35. A catalyst composition, comprising a bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst compound, an activator, a support, an acid compound and a base compound, wherein the acid compound and the base compound are non-reactive.
36. 36. The catalyst composition of claim 35, wherein the acid compound is a Bronsted acid and the base compound is a Bronsted base.
37. 37. The catalyst composition of claim 35, wherein the catalyst composition is heated to more than 25 * C, the acid compound and the base compound react to form a catalyst inhibitor.
38. 38. The catalyst composition of claim 37, wherein the catalyst composition is heated by means of the heat of a polymerization process in excess of the operating temperature of the process.
39. 39. The catalyst composition of claim 35, wherein the molar ratio of the at least one acid compound and the at least one base compound is in the range of 20 to 0.05.
40. 40. A method for preparing a catalyst composition, comprising the steps of: (a) mixing a polymerization catalyst with an activator; (b) adding a first compound; (c) adding a second compound; where, during the preparation, the first and second compounds are non-reactive.
41. 41. The method of claim 40, wherein the first compound is an oxidant and the second compound is a reductant.
42. 42. The method of claim 40, wherein the first compound is an acid compound and the second compound is a base compound.
43. 43. The method of claim 40, wherein the method comprises the additional step of adding a support.
44. 44. The method of claim 40, wherein following step (a), the mixture of the polymerization catalyst and the activator is combined with the support.
45. 45. The method of claim 40, wherein the first and second compounds are non-reactive at the polymerization temperature.
46. 46. The method of claim 40, wherein the polymerization catalyst is a bulky ligand metallocene-like catalyst compound.
47. 47. The method of claim 40, wherein the first and second compounds are solids.
48. 48. The method of claim 40, wherein the first compound has at least one -OH functionality.
49. 49. The process of claim 40, wherein the second compound has at least one functionality -0.
50. 50. In a process for polymerizing one or more olefins in the presence of a catalyst composition in a reactor operating at a polymerization temperature and a polymerization pressure to produce a polymer product, the process comprising at least one reaction of at least two compounds different which produces at least one catalyst inhibitor at a temperature above the polymerization temperature.
51. 51. The process of claim 51, wherein the at least two different compounds are at least one acid compound and at least one base compound.
52. 52. The process of claim 51, wherein the at least two different compounds are at least one oxidant and at least one reductant.
53. 53. The process of claim 51, wherein the at least one acid compound has at least one -OH functionality and the at least one base compound has at least one -O functionality.
54. 54. The process of claim 51, wherein the polymerization temperature is in the range of 65 to 110"C.
55. 55. The process of claim 51, wherein the catalyst inhibitor comprises carbon dioxide.