MXPA01006083A - Pharmaceutical aerosol formulations containing fluoroalkanes and budesonide - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a solution aerosol formulation adapted for use in a pressurized aerosol container. The aerosol formulation is formulated from a composition containing Budesonide, at least one fluoroalkane propellant, and a cosolvent present in an amount that dissolves or solubilizes the Budesonide in the mixture of cosolvent and propellant.

Description

PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS IN AEROSOL CONTAINING FLUOROALCANOS AND BUDESONIDA 1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to aerosol pharmaceutical formulations containing dissolved budesonide or its solubilizers in fluoroalkane (s) and cosolvent (s). 2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is commonly considered that the f-chlorohydrocarbon and chlorofluorocarbon propellants used in medical aerosol formulations are not friendly to the environment. Therefore, these propellants have been largely replaced by hydrofluoroalkanes such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane ("HFA-134a") and 1,1,1,3,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane ("HFA-"). 227ea ") that have been identified as safe for use in metered-dose inhalers, pressurized. Medicinal spray formulations are generally of the solution or suspension type. Each type is composed of at least one drug and the propellant. The aerosol formulation of the type in solution contains the drug dissolved or solubilized in the propellant, or a mixture of propellant and cosolvent. The suspension type aerosol formulation contains the medicament in the form of particles dispersed in the propellant. Aerosol formulations of the suspension type usually contain a surfactant, and may also include a cosolvent. Traditional budesonide-containing aerosol formulations are of the suspension type. U.S. Patent No. 5,736,124 (Akehurst) discloses an aerosol formulation of the suspension type in which the medicament is in the form of particles dispersed in a cosolvent. The cosolvent is present in an amount of less than 5% by weight to avoid dissolving the medicament (column 4, lines 13-24).

International Published Application No. WO 98/05302 describes an aerosol formulation of the suspension type in which the medicament is in the form of particles dispersed in a cosolvent. The cosolvent may be present in an amount from 6 to 25% by weight. However, WO 98/05302 teaches that the medicament and the cosolvent selected must be such that the medicament does not dissolve in the cosolvent and the particulate form of the medicament is preserved. The drug budesonide has proven to be difficult to formulate in traditional aerosols. Therefore, there remains a great need for aerosol formulations containing budesonide and that remain chemically and physically stable during storage under ambient temperature and humidity conditions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an inhaler with metered dose, pressurized, containing a formulation of budesonide in stable solution, which does not require the use of refrigeration. Another objective of the present invention is to provide a stable solution formulation of budesonide which is suitable for use as an aerosol, which does not require the use of refrigeration. The above objectives and other objectives are obtained in a surprising manner by the following. The present invention provides a novel metered-dose, pressurized inhaler, consisting of a container equipped with a metering valve and containing a pressurized, aerosolized solution formulation, formulated from a composition containing: budesonide at least one propellant fluoroalkane, and a cosolvent present in an amount that dissolves or solubilizes the budesonide compound in the mixture of cosolvent and propellant.

The present invention also provides a novel aerosol solution formulation adapted for use in a pressurized aerosol container. The aerosol formulation is formulated from a composition containing: budesonide at least one fluoroalkane propellant, and a cosolvent present in an amount that dissolves or solubilizes the budesonide compound in the mixture of the cosolvent and the propellant.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES Unexpectedly it has been discovered that chemical and physically stable aerosol formulations of budesonide can be formulated in high, normally unused concentrations of the cosolvent in which budesonide is dissolved or solubilized in the mixture of cosolvent and propellant. . The aerosol formulations of budesonide can be formed in accordance with the present invention which exhibit stability under elevated temperatures (40 ° C), thus not requiring refrigeration. The amount of budesonide used in the aerosol formulations of the present solution type is usually from about 0.01 to about 1% by weight, preferably about 0.05 to about 0.5% by weight, and most preferably about 0.3% by weight, based on the total weight of the aerosol formulation. All percentages by weight herein are based on the total weight of the formulation unless stated otherwise. It is possible to use any cosolvent which is convenient for inhalation and which is capable of dissolving or solubilizing budesonide in the mixture of the cosolvent and the propellant. Examples of suitable co-solvents include alcohols, ethers, hydrocarbons and perfluorocarbons. Preferably, the cosolvent is a short chain polar alcohol. More preferably, the cosolvent is an aliphatic alcohol having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, such as ethanol or isopropanol. The most preferred cosolvent is ethanol. Examples of suitable hydrocarbons include n-butane, isobutane, pentane, neopentane and isopentanes. Examples of suitable ethers include dimethyl ether and diethyl ether. Examples of suitable perfluorocarbons include perfluoropropane, perfluorobutane, perfluorocyclobutane and perfluoropentane. When ethanol is used as the cosolvent, the cosolvent is usually present in an amount from about 6% to about 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the aerosol formulation. Ethanol must be present in an amount that completely dissolves or solubilizes budesonide in the mixture of ethanol and the propellant. Preferably, the ethanol is present in an amount sufficient to completely maintain budesonide in solution at freezing temperatures, such as at 0 ° C. In general, as the temperature decreases, the solubility of budesonide in ethanol decreases. Therefore, an excess of ethanol over the amount necessary to dissolve or completely solubilize budesonide at room temperature is preferred. In this sense, ethanol will preferably be present in an amount of at least 10% by weight, more preferably at least 15% by weight, even more preferably at least 20% by weight, and most preferably at least 25% in weigh. Based on what is described herein, one skilled in the art will recognize that lower concentrations of the drug will usually require lower concentrations of the cosolvent, and vice versa, in order to form a stable solution. In addition, one skilled in the art will realize that the type of propellant used may also affect the amount of ethanol needed to dissolve or completely solubilize budesonide in the ethanol / propellant mixture. In general, the greater the polarity of the propellant, the lower the ethanol needed to dissolve or completely solubilize budesonide. For example, when HFA-134a is used as a propellant, the amount of ethanol is preferably from about 10 to about 30% by weight. When HFA-227ea is used as a propellant, the amount of ethanol is preferably from about 6 to about 20% by weight. It is possible to use any fluoroalkane propellant that is convenient for inhalation. Examples of suitable fluoroalkanes include HFA-134a, HFA-227ea, HFA-125 (pentafluoroethane), HFA-152a (1,1-difluoroethane) and HFA-32 (difluoromethane). It is possible to add hydrocarbon and / or aliphatic gases to modify the characteristics of the propellant as required. Preferably, the aerosol formulation is practically free of chlorofluorocarbons. However, if desired it is possible to use chlorofluorocarbons. Preferably, the fluoroalkane is 1,1,1, -tetrafluoroethane (HFA-134a) or 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3-heptafluoropropane (HFA-227ea). Most preferred, only a fluoroalkane is used as a propellant. The propellant is usually present in an amount of from about 60% to about 94% by weight, preferably from about 70 to about 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the aerosol formulation. A preferred aerosol formulation contains HFA-134a or HFA-227ea in an amount of less than about 90% by weight, ethanol in an amount of at least about 10% by weight and budesonide in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 0.5% by weight . A particularly preferred aerosol formulation contains about 86% by weight of HFA-227ea, about 14% by weight of ethanol and about 0.3% by weight of budesonide. Another particularly preferred aerosol formulation contains about 75% by weight of HFA-134a, about 25% by weight of ethanol and about 0.3% by weight of budesonide. The aerosol formulation is preferably free of surfactants. Pressurized metered dose inhalers are now well known in the art. Any inhaler can be used for metered dose, pressurized that is convenient for application of medications to the lungs or nose of a patient. Metered dose inhalers, pressurized, are usually equipped with an actuator having a spray orifice diameter of approximately 460 μ. However, with the higher concentrations of the solvent used in the present invention, it may be desirable for the solvent to evaporate as soon as possible after inhalation. This can be achieved by reducing the particle size by reducing the diameter of the spray orifice, for example, to 250 μ, in combination with the use of solvent concentrations greater than about 10% by weight. Based on the description provided herein, one skilled in the art will be able to adjust the composition of the components to deliver a desired dose for the valve with the selected measurement, without undue experimentation. For example, the composition can be altered to adjust the vapor pressure of the formulation. The aerosol formulation and the metering valve are usually selected to provide an effective amount for therapeutic use of budesonide by activation. An example of an effective amount for therapeutic use of budesonide is about 50 to about 400 ° g [sic] by activation, preferably about 150 to about 250 ° g [sic] by activation. The pressurized metered dose inhaler can be formed by any convenient method. For example, the selected amount of budesonide can be weighed and inserted into a convenient container, such as a glass bottle coated with plastic or aluminum can. The cosolvent can then be weighed and added to the container. Once the non-gaseous components have been added to the container, the metering valve can be crimped onto the container gasket. Then, it is possible to add the desired amount of propellant to the container through the metering valve. The budesonide compound can be dissolved or solubilized in the mixture of the cosolvent and the propellant by stirring the formulation, such as by sonification. Approximately 5 minutes of sonification may be convenient to dissolve or solubilize a formulation with a total weight of about 12 grams. Now the present invention will be described with reference to the following non-limiting examples.

Examples 1-4 Four compositions in aerosol solution according to the present invention were formulated by combining the components shown in Tables I and V, using the following steps: 1. Weigh the cosolvent in a glass bottle coated with plastic or an aluminum can. 2. Add the heavy medication to the bottle or can. 3. Crimp a valve on the bottle or can. 4. Add a known quantity of propellant through the valve to the bottle or can. 5. Sonify the formulation for approximately 5 minutes. The formulations were tested using the three well-known test methods, following, and the Pharmacopeia Forum standards, vol. 22, no. 6: (1) Cascade Impactor in Multiple Stages Andersen (2) Single Stage Liquid Choker, and (3) Unitized Dew Table II describes the test results of the formulation for Example 1 using the Cascade Impactor in Multiple Stages Andersen. These test results show that the solution formulation according to the present invention is suitable for application to the lungs. Stages 2 through F represent the drug that is able to reach the lungs from a traditional applicator. A total drug amount of approximately 20% for stages 2 through F is considered good. As can be seen in Table II, the present invention obtained a high total amount of 46.99% for stages 2 through F.

Table III describes the test results of the formulations of Examples 1 and 2 using a Single Stage Choker. Stage 2 represents the medicine that can reach the lungs of a traditional applicator. A drug amount of approximately 30% for stage 2 is considered good. As can be seen from Table III, the present invention can reach a remarkably high total amount of up to 63.47%. Table IV describes the test results of the formulation of Example 1 using a Unitary Dew Analysis. This test shows that approximately 10% of the drug was retained in the actuator and approximately 90% of the medicament was dispensed to the dosing tube, which represents that the composition is acceptable for use as an aerosol formulation. Table VI describes the test results of the formulations of Examples 2 and 4 using a Unitary Dew Analysis, in which the formulations were stored in an oven at 40 ° C for 5 days. The results of the tests in Table VI demonstrate that the budesonide aerosol formulations according to the present invention are remarkably stable at elevated temperatures and therefore do not require refrigeration. The results of the tests also show that approximately 10% of the drug was retained in the actuator and approximately 90% of the medicament was dispensed to the dosing tube, which represents that the composition is acceptable for use as an aerosol formulation. Table VII describes the test results of the formulation of Example 3 using an Andersen Multi-Stage Cascade Impactor. The start, middle and end of the can presented a total amount of drug in stages 2 to F that was acceptable for application to the lungs. The start had a total amount of 37.35%, the average had a total amount of 36.54% and the end of the can had a total amount of 30.56% for stages 2 to F.

Table I Table II Table III * possible bad activation Table IV Table V Table VI Table VII Although the claimed invention has been described in detail and with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that it is possible to make different changes and modifications to the claimed invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.

Claims (13)

1. A metered-dose, pressurized inhaler consists of a container equipped with a metering valve and containing a pressurized aerosol solution formulation formulated from a composition containing: budesonide at least one fluoroalkane propellant, and a cosolvent present in a dissolving amount or solubilizes budesonide in the mixture of cosolvent and propellant.
2. The metered-dose inhaler, pressurized according to claim 1, wherein the cosolvent consists of ethanol.
3. The metered-dose inhaler, pressurized according to claim 2, wherein the ethanol is present in an amount of at least 10% by weight.
4. The metered-dose inhaler, pressurized according to claim 2, wherein the ethanol is present in an amount of at least 15% by weight.
5. The metered-dose inhaler, pressurized according to claim 2, wherein the ethanol is present in an amount of at least 20% by weight.
6. The metered-dose inhaler, pressurized according to claim 2, wherein the ethanol is present in an amount of at least 25% by weight.
7. The inhaler for metered dose, pressurized according to claim 1, wherein the formulation is free of surfactant.
8. The metered-dose inhaler, pressurized according to claim 1, wherein the propellant consists of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane.
9. The pressurized metered dose inhaler according to claim 1, wherein budesonide is present in an amount from about 0.01 to about 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.
10. 10. The inhaler for pressurized metered dose according to claim 1, wherein the formulation is practically free of chlorofluorocarbons.
11. 11. The metered-dose inhaler, pressurized according to claim 1, wherein the propellant is present in an amount from about 70 to about 94% by weight.
12. 12. The metered-dose inhaler, pressurized according to claim 1, wherein the cosolvent consists of an aliphatic alcohol having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms.
13. 13. The metered-dose inhaler, pressurized according to claim 1, wherein the cosolvent is present in an amount sufficient to maintain the budesonide in solution at 0 ° C. The metered-dose inhaler, pressurized according to claim 1, wherein the budesonide is present in an amount of about 0.05 to about 0.5% by weight, the cosolvent consists of ethanol in an amount of about 10 to about 40% by weight , and the propellant is present in an amount from about 60% to about 90% by weight, all weights based on the total weight of the aerosol formulation. The pressurized metered dose inhaler according to claim 1, wherein the aerosol formulation is adapted to be stable for conditions of about 40 ° C and about 75% relative humidity for at least about four weeks. A metered-dose, pressurized inhaler consists of a container equipped with a metering valve and contains a pressurized aerosol solution formulation, formulated from a composition containing: Budesonide 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane as a propellant, and when less about 10% ethanol, wherein the ethanol is present in an amount that dissolves or solubilizes budesonide in the mixture of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and propellant [sic]. An inhaler for metered dose, pressurized, consists of a container equipped with a metering valve and contains a formulation in pressurized solution for aerosol formulated from a composition containing: budesonide 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3- heptafluoropropane as a propellant, and at least about 10% ethanol, wherein the ethanol is present in an amount that dissolves or solubilizes budesonide in the mixture of 1,1,1,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane and propellant [ sic]. A solution formulation for aerosol adapted for use in a pressurized aerosol container, the aerosol formulation being formulated from a composition containing: budesonide at least one fluoroalkane propellant, and a cosolvent present in an amount that dissolves or solubilizes budesonide in the mixture of the cosolvent and the propellant. The aerosol solution formulation according to claim 18, wherein the cosolvent consists of ethanol. The aerosol solution formulation according to claim 19, wherein the ethanol is present in an amount of at least 10% by weight.