MXPA01003589A - Detergent compositions - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to detergent compositions or components thereof in solid form and for methods of increasing the disintegration rate of such detergent compositions whilst inhibiting fabric greying. Suitable detergent compositions comprise water-swellable cationic polymers and polyanionic builder. The invention also relates to detergent compositions or components thereof in the solid form which are at least partially coated with a coating layer comprising cationic polymeric disintegrants.

Description

DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to detergent compositions, in particular laundry detergents and their disintegration. In particular, the invention relates to detergent particles or tablets comprising water-expandable cationic polymers such as ion exchange resins.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A particular requirement for the detergent compositions is that they must supply the detergent active ingredients to the wash water as soon as possible upon contact with it. In recent years, detergent compositions have tended to have increased densities above 650 g / l, or above 700 g / l or even above 750 g / l, or are even provided in the form of tablets. This has had the tendency to inhibit the assortment and / or distribution and consequently the rapid supply of the detergent active ingredients to the wash water. Many methods for improving detergent solution have been described, for example, EP-A-466484 discloses the use of disintegrants and their mechanisms. It has been indicated that disintegrants which act by expanding upon contact with water are preferred. Examples of determined disintegrants are crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidones, montmorillonite or bentonite clay, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and acrylate / maleic anhydride copolymers. However, there remains a need for disintegrants which provide good disintegration of the detergent products with solid forms thereby improving the assortment and / or dissolution of the product. An additional problem for detergent formulators is that soap, for example, coming from the surface of a laundry, tends to bind to the calcium ions of water hardness and precipitates. The precipitate tends to adhere to articles that are being washed and to produce reduced whiteness because it becomes soiled again. The inventors of the present invention have now discovered that the use of cationic polymeric disintegrants can help to avoid this effect by binding to soap. However, with e! In order to ensure that soap impurities can be removed from the wash solution, before the formation of complexes with calcium ions, a chelator or builder is necessary to quickly complex calcium ions. In addition, it has been discovered that cationic polymeric disintegrants are particularly useful for disintegrating the coating layers in the detergent components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention there is now provided a detergent composition or a component thereof in a solid form comprising a disintegrant and a polyanionic builder, characterized in that said disintegrant comprises a cationic polymer expandable in water. In a further aspect of the invention, a detergent composition or component thereof is provided in solid form coated at least partially with a coating layer, characterized in that the coating layer comprises a disintegrant containing a cationic polymer expandable in water. .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The disintegrant The disintegrant comprises a cationic polymer expandable in water. Suitable disintegrants include anion exchange resins such as IPR 88 (Rohm &Haas). The disintegrant comprises a cationic polymer in which the cationic groups may be dangling from the polymeric base structure or in the side chains to the polymeric base structure. Preferred cationic groups hang from the polymeric base structure. Preferred cationic groups are quaternary anionic groups, such as - (N Ri R2 R3) + in which R-i, R2 and R3 are each individually selected from H and optionally substituted alkenyl or alkenyl groups, such as the methyl or ethyl groups. Suitable polymeric base structures include for example polyacrylate and / or polymethacrylate homopolymers or copolymers and polyvinyl polymers such as polyvinylpyridines. It has been found that polyvinylpyridines and polyacrylate polymers are particularly preferred. The disintegrants used in the present invention are expandable in water. The ability to expand in water is achieved by conventional methods available to those skilled in the art, for example, by crosslinking and / or selecting substituents on the polymeric base structure to reduce water solubility and provide expandability. The crosslinking can be done by a conventional method, for example, using from 0.5 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the polymer, of a crosslinker such as divinylbenzene. Particularly preferred cationic polymers for use as disintegrants in the present invention are crosslinked poly (4-vinylpyridine) hydrochloride and partially crosslinked polyacrylate esterified with N, N-dimethylethanolamine, partially quaternized crosslinked with 2% by weight based on the weight of the polymer, of divinylbenzene. Suitable polymers can be commercially available as ion exchange resins, for example IPR 88 and Amberlite CG-420.

Suitable polymers should be stable to heat to at least the temperature for the appropriate detergent processing. Preferably, the disintegrant is added to the detergent composition in the form of a dry aggregate particle. It has been found that the particle size of the disintegrant can be selected to give beneficial disintegration properties during the use of a detergent composition. Particulate disintegrants preferably have a particle size of at least 100 μm, more preferred at least 150 μm. Preferred disintegrants have a particle size no greater than 2000 μm, more preferred below 1700 μm. In practice, the particles obtained could have a size distribution. Therefore, the particle size preferably is such that at least 80% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight and more preferred at least 95% by weight of the components of the disintegrating component of a particulate disintegrant are at least 100 μm, more preferred at least 150 μm. Preferably at least 80% by weight, more preferred at least 90% by weight and even more preferred at least 95% by weight of the disintegrant particles are below 2000 μm, more preferred still below 1700 μm , or even below 1500 μm, to obtain the maximum disintegration benefits. Generally, the disintegrants are present in the detergent composition in amounts ranging from 1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 2 to 15% by weight, more preferably from 2 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the detergent composition. It may be particularly advantageous to use the expandable cationic polymer in water in combination with an additional disintegrant, such as any of those described in EP-A-466484. In such cases, it could be preferred to form a premix of the cationic expandable polymer in water and the additional disintegrant before incorporating it into a detergent composition. The disintegrants of the invention can also be used in combination with an absorbent agent. Suitable absorbent agents comprise a compound or mixture of compounds that allows the rapid penetration of water into the detergent composition containing the disintegrating component, when the detergent composition is brought into contact with water in the wash. The absorbent agent is generally substantially. insoluble in water in cold water at 15 ° C. Preferably also, the absorbent agent has a low compressibility and maintains porosity under processing conditions, particularly compaction. Suitable absorbent agents usually have a cellulose base. The cellulosic based compounds may optionally be microcrystalline cellulose or mechanically ground and processed cellulose such as Arbocel ™.

The absorbent agent can be in the form of a powder, which can be obtained by mechanical grinding, a microcrystalline powder or it could be in the form of a granule, for example an agglomerate or an absorbent agent of fine particle size, or as a fiber or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred absorbent agents are fibrous, for example, those having a length to diameter ratio of at least 3: 1, preferably at least 5: 1 or even at least 10: 1. Suitable fibers include those that have a length of at least 0.1 mm, or at least 0.2 mm, or even at least 0.4 mm. Particularly preferred absorbent agents are crosslinked compounds. Particularly preferred absorbent agents are crosslinked cellulose fibers such as those described in US 5 137 537, US 5 183 707, US 5 190 563, US 5 562 740, US 5 549 741, US 5 549 863, US 5 709 774 or US 5 716 703. These particularly preferred cellulosic fibers are crosslinked in substantially individual fashion, ie the cellulosic fibers may have mainly chemical crosslinking bridges within the fibers. That is, cross-linking bridges occur mainly between the cellulose molecules of a single fiber rather than between the cellulose molecules of separated fibers. The processes for making such crosslinked fibers can be either dry crosslinking processes such as those described in US 3 224 926 or in aqueous solution as described in US 3 241 553 or in non-aqueous solution crosslinking, as described in US 4 035 147. When the wetting agent and the water-expandable cationic polymer are used in combination, they are present in weight ratios of less than 2: 1, preferably less than 1: 1. The weight ratio is generally not less than 1: 20, preferably not less than 1:10 Preferably, the cationic polymer expandable in water and any absorbent agent is mixed to form an intimate mixture of the two compounds optionally with additional components and / or binder.

As an intimate mixture it is meant that at least two components are mixed together to form a premix which is a substantially homogeneous mixture. This can be achieved by dry blending the solid absorbent agent and the expandable agent in solid water with an optional binder. The premix can be in the form of a particle and this can be achieved for example by granulation, such as by agglomeration, extrusion or dry compaction. However, it has been found that particularly effective results are achieved if the water expandable agent is present as a coating on the absorbent agent. This is particularly beneficial in cases in which the absorbent agent is fibrous.

Providing a coating of the expandable agent in water on the absorbent agent can be achieved in any convenient manner, for example by mixing the absorbent agent and the expandable polymer in water with a solvent for the expandable agent in water in any order of addition, so such that a solution or a suspension comprising the expandable agent is formed in partially expanded water. Preferably the mixing is continued until a substantially homogeneous mixture is obtained. The mixture of wetting agent and expandable agent in water is then recovered by separating it from the solvent by any conventional technique, such as by evaporation of the solvent or by the addition of a non-solvent for the water expandable agent to form a precipitate of the mixture, and then said mixture is separated from the solvent by any conventional technique such as for example the subsequent filtration or decantation of the solvent.

Polyanionic detergent improver The term "detergent builder" is intended to indicate all materials that tend to remove the calcium ion from the solution. The polyanionic detergency builder is present to quickly accumulate the calcium ions in the wash liquid. Suitable polyanionic builders include water-soluble builders that are selected from polycarboxyiates, phosphates, borates, polycarboxylates, chelators, or the corresponding acids of any of these and mixtures thereof. Preferably the water-soluble builder will be present in amounts of 0.5% up to 50% by weight, more preferred from 0.1% up to 40% by weight, and even more preferred from 0.5% up to 30% by weight based on the weight of the detergent composition as a total. It may be preferred that the detergent composition be substantially free of phosphate, however, detergent builders containing phosphate include, but are not limited to, the alkali metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium salts of polyphosphates (exemplified by tripolyphosphates, pyrophosphates and vitreous polymeric metaphosphates). Preferred phosphate builders are tetrasodium pyrophosphate or more preferred anhydrous or partially hydrated sodium tripolyphosphate at levels from 0.5% to 50%, more preferred from 5% to 45% by weight based on the detergent composition as a whole. The carboxylate or polycarboxylate type builder may be monomeric or oligomeric although monomeric polycarboxylates are generally preferred for reasons of cost and performance. Suitable carboxylates containing two carboxy groups include the water-soluble salts of succinic acid, malonic acid, (ethylenedioxy) diacetic acid, maleic acid, diglycolic acid, tartaric acid, tartronic acid and fumaric acid, as well as the ether carboxylates and the sulfini carboxylates. Polycarboxylates or their acids containing three carboxy groups include in particular, the water-soluble citrates, aconitrates and citraconates as well as the succinate derivatives such as the carboxymethyl succinates described in British Patent No. 1, 379,241, the lactoxysuccinates described in British Patent No. 1,389,732 and the aminosuccinates described in the Dutch Application. 05 873, and oxypolycarboxylate-type materials such as 2-oxa-1,1,3-propanedicarboxylates described in British Patent No. 1, 387,447. The most preferred polycarboxylic acid containing 3 carboxy groups is citric acid, preferably present at a level from 0.1% to 15%, more preferred from 0.5% to 8% by weight of the composition. Polycarboxylates containing four carboxy groups include the oxydisuccinates described in British Patent No. 1, 261, 829, 1, 1, 2,2-etanttracarboxylates, 1, 1, 3,3-propanetracarboxylates, and 1, 1 , 2,3-propanetracarboxylates. Polycarboxylates containing sulfo substituents include the sulfosuccinate type derivatives described in British Patent Nos. 1,398,421 and 1, 398,422 and in the US patent. No. 3,936,448, and the pyrolyzed sulfonated citrates described in British Patent No. 1, 439,000. Preferred polycarboxylates are hydroxycarboxylates containing up to three carboxy groups per molecule, particularly citrates.

Also contemplated are the original acids of monomeric or oligomeric polycarboxylate chelating agents or mixtures thereof with their salts, for example citric acid or citrate / citric acid mixtures, as useful builders components. It may be preferred that the polymeric or oligomeric polycarboxylates be present at levels less than 5%, preferably less than 3%, or even less than 2% or even 0% by weight of the composition. Borate builders, as well as builders that contain borate-forming materials which can produce borate under detergent storage conditions or wash conditions, are water soluble detergepcia improvers useful in the present invention. Examples of organic polymeric compounds include the water-soluble homopolymeric or co-polymeric polycarboxylic acids or their salts in which the polycarboxylic acid comprises at least two carboxyl radicals separated from one another by not more than two carbon atoms. Polymers of the latter type are described in GB-A-1, 596,756. Examples of such salts are polyacrylates with molecular weights of 1,000-5,000 and their copolymers with maleic anhydride, such copolymers having a molecular weight of 2,000 to 100,000, especially 40,000 to 80,000.

In the present invention, compounds of the polyamino type including those derived from aspartic acid such as those described in EP-A-305282, EP-A-305283 and EP-A-351629 are useful. Also suitable in the present invention are terpolymers containing monomer units which are selected from maleic acid, acrylic acid, polyaspartic acid and vinyl alcohol, particularly those having an average molecular weight of 5,000 to ,000. Chelators are also useful as the polyanionic builder for use in the detergent compositions of the invention. With "chelator" it is meant to sequester (chelate) metal ions. These components are generally present at a level from 0.005% to 10%, preferably from 0.1% to 5%, more preferred from 0.25% to 7.5% and even more preferred from 0.3% to 2% by weight of the compositions. Chelating agents suitable for use in the present invention include organic phosphonates, such as the alkali metal aminoalkylene poly (alkylene phosphonate) ethane 1-hydroxydiphosphonates and the nitrile trimethylene phosphonates. Among the above species, diethylenetriaminpenta (methylenephosphonate), ethylene diamintri (methylenephosphonate), hexamethylenediaminetetra (methylenephosphonate) and hydroxyethylene 1,1-diphosphonate, 1,1-hydroxyethyl-diphosphonic acid and 1,1-hydroxyethanedimethylenephosphonic acid are preferred.

Other chelating agents suitable for use in the present invention include nitrilotriacetic acid and polyaminocarboxylic acids such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, diethylene diamine diglutaric acid, 2-hydroxypropylenediamindisuccinic acid or any of the salts thereof. Other chelating agents suitable for use in the present invention are the iminodiacetic acid derivatives such as 2-hydroxyethi diacetic acid or glyceryl iminodiacetic acid, described in EP-A-317,542 and EP-A-399,133. The chelating agents iminodiacetic acid, N-2-hydroxypropylsulfonic acid and aspartic acid-N-carboxymethyl-N-2-hydroxypropyl-3-sulfonic acid described in EP-A-516,102 are also suitable in the present invention. The β-alanine-N, N'-diacetic acid, the aspartic acid-N, N'-diacetic acid, the aspartic acid-N-monoacetic acid and the iminodisuccinic acid chelators described in EP-A-509,382 are also appropriate. EP-A-476,257 describes suitable amino-based chelators. EP-A-510,331 describes suitable chelators derived from collagen, keratin or casein. EP-A-528,859 describes a chelator of the alkyliminodiacetic acid type. Also suitable are dipicolinic acid and 2-phosphonobutan-1, 2,4-tricarboxylic acid. Also suitable are glycinamide-N, N'-disuccinic acid (GADS), ethylene diamine-N'-diglutaric acid (EDDG) and 2-hydroxypropylenediamine-N'-disuccinic acid (HPDDS).

Diethiitriaminpentaacetic acid, ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinic acid (EDDS) and 1,1-hydroxyethanediphosphonic acid or the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium salts thereof could also be used. or mixtures thereof.

FORM OF THE COMPOSITIONS The detergent composition or component thereof, according to the invention could take a variety of solid physical forms, such as tablets, chips, lozenges and bars, and preferably granulated or tablet forms. Preferably the detergent composition is in the form of a tablet. The detergent compositions could be made by a variety of methods, including dry blending, agglomeration, compaction, or spray drying of the various compounds comprised in the detergent composition, or mixtures of those techniques. The disintegrant is incorporated into the detergent composition in any conventional manner. For example, it could be added in any of the processing steps described above, but it is preferred to add it dry in a particulate detergent mixture. Alternatively or additionally the disintegrant could be provided in a coating for all or a part of a detergent composition. In this way the disintegrant could be present in a detergent granule or it could be intermixed with other detergent components in an individual particle. To incorporate it as a tablet, the disintegrant could be incorporated into the granulated detergent composition as described above before compaction. When present as part of a coating, the disintegrant is particularly useful in a detergent tablet coating. The coating aspect of the invention is described below in the context of a detergent tablet coating in which a core of detergent composition is first formed and then coated. However, the coating could be applied in the same way to a detergent particle or other form of solid detergent.

Coated detergent tablets In cases where the detergent of the present invention is in the form of a tablet, these can be prepared by simply mixing the solid ingredients and compressing the mixture into a conventional hard tablet. Any liquid ingredient, for example the surfactant or foam suppressant, in the solid particulate ingredients can be incorporated in a conventional manner. Preferably the main ingredients are used in particulate form. For laundry tablets in particular the ingredients such as builder and surfactant can be spray-dried in a conventional manner and then compacted at an appropriate pressure. Detergent tablets can be made in any size or shape and can, if desired, be treated on the surface. A surfactant and a builder are included in the core of the tablet which generally provides a substantial part of the cleaning power of the tablet. The particulate material used to make the tablet of this invention can be made by any process of particle formation or granulation. An example of a process as such is spray drying (in a counter-current or pro-current spray drying tower) which typically provides low bulk densities of 600g / l or less. Higher density particulate materials can be prepared by granulation and densification procedures in a mixer / granulator in high tangential batch lots or by a continuous granulation and densification process (using for example the Lodige® CB and / or Lodige® KM mixers ). Other suitable methods include fluid bed procedures, compaction procedures (eg roller compaction), extrusion, as well as any particulate material made by any chemical procedure such as flocculation, crystallization, concretion, etc. The individual particles can also be any other particle, granule, sphere or grain. The particulate materials can be mixed by any conventional means. Batch mixing is appropriate in, for example, a concrete mixer, a Nauta mixer, a tape mixer or any other. Alternatively, the mixing process can be carried out continuously by dosing each component by weight on a mobile band, and combining them into one or more drums or mixers. A spray of liquid can be made to the mixture of particulate materials (for example nonionic surfactants). Other liquid ingredients may also be sprayed on the particulate mixture either separately or as a premix. For example, perfume and suspensions of optical brighteners can be sprayed. A finely divided flow aid (dusts such as zeolites, carbonates, silicas) can be added to the particulate materials after spraying the nonionic surfactant, preferably towards the end of the process, to make the mixture less sticky . Tablets can be manufactured using any compaction process such as tabletting, biochemistry or extrusion, preferably tabletting. The appropriate equipment includes a standard one-stroke punch or rotary tablet (such as Courtoy®, Korch®, Manesty®, or Bonals®). The tablets prepared according to this invention preferably have a diameter between 40mm and 50mm, and a weight between 25 and 60g. The compaction pressure used to prepare these tablets does not need to be greater than 5000 kN / m2, preferably it should not be greater than 3000 kN / m2, and more preferred should not exceed 1000 kN / m2. In accordance with the present invention, the tablets are then coated with a coating so that the tablet does not absorb moisture, or absorb moisture only at a very slow rate. The coating is resistant so as to moderate the mechanical shocks to which the tablet is subjected during handling and packing and shipping resulting in nothing but very small levels of breakage or friction. Finally, the coating is preferably brittle so that the tablet disintegrates when subjected to a stronger mechanical shock. It is also advantageous if the coating material dissolves under alkaline conditions, or is easily emulsified by the surfactants. This prevents the deposition of undissolved particles or clumps of coating material in the laundry load. This could be important when the coating material is completely insoluble in water (for example less than 1 g / l). As defined in the present invention "substantially insoluble" means that it has a very low solubility in water. This should be understood as having a solubility in water at 25 ° C of less than 20 g / L, preferably less than 5 g / L, and more preferred less than 1 g / L. The solubility in water is measured following the test protocol of ASTM E1148-87 entitled "Standard Test Method for Measurements of Aqueous Solubility". Suitable coating materials are fatty acids, C2-C13 carboxylic acids, fatty acid alcohols, diols, ethers and esters. Preferred fatty acids are those having a carbon chain length from C12 to C22 and more preferred from C18 to C22. Preferred dicarboxylic acids are oxalic acid (C2), malonic acid (C3), succinic acid (C4), glutaric acid (C5), adipic acid (C6), pimelic acid (C7), suberic acid (C8), azelaic acid ( C9), sebacic acid (C10), undecanedioic acid (C11), dodecanedioic acid (C12) and tridecanedioic acid (C13). Preferred fatty acid alcohols are those having a carbon chain length from C12 to C22 and more preferably from C14 to C18. The preferred diols are 1, 2-octadecaneidol and 1,2-hexadecanediol. The preferred esters are tristearin, tripalmitin, methyl methylbehenate, ethyl stearate. Preferred ethers are diethylene glycol monohexadecyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-tetradecyl ether. phenyl ether, naphthylethyl ether, 2-methoxynaphthalene, beta-naphthyl methyl ether and glycerol mono-octadecyl ether. Other preferred coating materials include dimethyl-2,2-propanol, 2-exadecanol, 2-octadecanone, 2 -exadecanone, 2,15-exadecanedione and 2-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. The core of the preformed detergent tablet can then be coated in accordance with the present invention. The coating can be applied in several ways, but generally as a liquid either a) as a molten material, or b) as a solution. The preferred coating materials are applied in the form of a molten material. Particularly preferred coating compositions have a melting point of 40 ° C to 200 ° C. In a), the coating material is applied at a temperature above its melting point, and solidifies on the tablet. In b), the coating is applied as a solution, removing the solvent for example by drying until it dries and leaves a coherent coating. The substantially insoluble material can be applied to the tablet by, for example, sprinkling or immersion. Usually when the molten material is sprinkled on the tablet, it will solidify rapidly to form a coherent coating. When the tablets are immersed in the molten material and removed, the rapid cooling again causes rapid solidification of the coating material. Clearly substantially insoluble materials having a melting point below 40 ° C are not sufficiently solid at ambient temperatures and it has been found that materials having a melting point above 200 ° C are not 'practicable to be used. Preferably, the materials are melted on the scale of 60 ° C to 160 ° C, more preferably 70 ° C to 120 ° C. By "melting point" it means the temperature at which the material when heated slowly in, for example a capillary tube, becomes a clear liquid. A coating of any desired thickness can be applied in accordance with the present invention. For most purposes, the coatings form from 1% to 10%, preferably from 1.5% to 5%, of the weight of the tablet or detergent component. The disintegrant will be present in the coating layer in an amount sufficient to generate the desired degree of disruption of the coating layer upon contact with water in the wash liquid to promote the delivery of the detergent composition to the wash and improve dissolution. In general, the disintegrant will be present in the finished coating in a weight ratio of coating material to disintegrant of 1: 1 to 50: 1, preferably 2: 1 to 20: 1, and more preferably 5: 1 to 15: 1. When the coating is applied as a molten material, the disintegrant is generally suspended in the molten coating at a level of up to 30%, preferably between 5 and 20% and more preferably between 5 and 10% by weight. Depending on the composition of the starting material and the shape of the tablets, the compaction force used will be adjusted so that it does not affect the resistance (Diametral Fracture Tension) and the disintegration time in the washing machine. This method can be used to prepare homogeneous or stratified tablets of any size or shape. Diametral Fracture Tension (DFS) is a way to express the resistance of one. tablet, and is determined by means of the following equation: = 2 F μ Dt where F is the maximum force (Newton) to cause stress failure (fracture) measured by a VK 200 tablet hardness tester supplied by Van Keli industries, Inc. D is the diameter of the tablet (mm) and t is the thickness of the tablet (mm). (Method Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Tablets Volume 2 pp. 213 to 217).

The rate of disintegration of a detergent tablet can be determined in two ways: a) In a "VAN KEL" Friabilizer with "Vankel type" tubs: - 2 tablets with a known weight and D.F.S. in the tub of the Friabilizador. - The tub is rotated 20 turns. - Collect all the product and the remaining pieces of tablet from the Friabilizador tub and sieve over 5 mm and through 1.7 mm. - Express as a percentage of residue over 5 mm and through 1.7 mm. - The higher the percentage of matter! through 1.7 mm, better disintegration will be. (b) In a washing machine according to the following method: -Take two tablets with a known weight and tension by fracture, and place them at the bottom of a washing machine (ie a Bauknecht WA 950). -Put a mixed load of 3 kg on top of the tablets. -Operate a short cycle at 30 ° C (program 4) with water from the city. - Stop the cycle after 5 minutes and check the washing load for pieces of undissolved tablets, collect and weigh them, and record the percentage of residue that was left.

In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detergent compositions further comprise an effervescent component. Effervescence as defined herein means the evolution of gas bubbles from a liquid, as a result of a chemical reaction between a source of soluble acid and an alkali metal carbonate (effervescent component) to produce carbon dioxide gas, ie C6H807 + 3NaHC03? Na3C6H507 + 3C02 t + 3H20 additional examples of carbonate and acid sources and other effervescent systems can be found in (Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Tablets Volume 1 pages 287 to 291). An effervescent can be added to the tablet mix in addition to the detergent ingredients. The addition of this effervescent to the detergent compositions or components thereof, in particular to detergent tablets of the invention, improves the disintegration time. The amount of effervescent component will preferably be between 5 and 20% and more preferably between 10 and 20% by weight of the tablet. Preferably the effervescent should be added as an agglomerate of the different particles or as a compact and not as separate particles. Due to the gas created by the effervescent component, the detergent tablets may have a D.F.S. higher and still have the same disintegration time as a tablet without an effervescent component. When the D.F.S. of the tablet with effervescent component remains the same as a tablet without the same, the disintegration of the tablet with effervescent component will be faster.

Other detergent components Detergent ingredients The composition or component thereof according to the present invention will contain additional detergent ingredients. The precise nature of these additional ingredients, and the levels of incorporation thereof will depend on the application of the component or compositions and the physical form of the components and compositions. The detergent compositions of the invention preferably contain one or more additional components selected from bleaches, bleach catalysts, additional alkalinity builder systems, organic polymeric compounds, enzymes, suds suppressors, lime soap, dispersants, suspending agents. dirt and anti-redeposition, dirt release agents, perfumes, brighteners, bleaching agents and additional corrosion inhibitors.

Detersive Surfactants The compositions of the invention generally contain one or more surfactants. The surfactant may comprise any surfactant known in the art, selected from anionic, nonionic, cationic, ampholytic, amphoteric and steric surfactants such as those discussed below and mixtures thereof.

Non-limiting examples of surfactants that can be used herein typically at levels of 1% to 55% by weight include the conventional C ^ - \ -C-Q alkylbenzenesulfonates ("LAS") and the C10-C20 alkyl sulfates. ("AS") primary, branched chain and random, the secondary alkyl sulfates (2,3) of C10-18 of the formula CH3 (CH2) x (CHOS? 3-M +) CH3 and CH3 (CH2) and (CHOSO3-M +) CH2CH3 where xy (y +1) are integers of at least about 7, preferably at least about 9, and M is a cation for solubilization in water, especially sodium, unsaturated sulfates such as oleyl sulfate, C10-8 alkylalkoxy sulfates ("AEXS", especially EO-1-7 ethoxysulfates), C-jQ-O- alkylalkoxycarboxylates (especially EO ethoxycarboxylates) 1-5), the glycerol ethers of C ^ o-18 '' a-cyclic polyglycosides of C- \ QC- \ Q and their corresponding sulphated polyglycosides and alphasulfonated fatty acid esters of C-i2- 8- If desired, the agents conventional amphoteric and nonionic surfactants such as C-12-C18 alkyl ethoxylates ("AE") including the so-called narrow peak alkyl ethoxylates and CQ-C2 alkylphenol-alkoxylates (especially mixed ethoxylates and ethoxy / propoxy), CJ 2 betaines -C- | 8 and sulfobetaines ("sultaines"), amine oxides of CI Q-CI 8 > and the like, can also be included in the overall compositions. The N-alkyl polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of C-J O-CI S- may also be used. Typical examples include the N-methylglucamides of Ci2-C- | 8- See WO 9,206,154. Other surfactants derived from sugar include the N-alkoxy polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, such as N (3-methoxypropyl) glucamide from C ^ QC ^ Q. The N-propyl glucamides through N-hexyl from C-12 - 8 can be used for low foam formation. You can also use conventional soaps of C- | Q-C20- If high foaming is desired, C-f rj-C 6 branched chain soaps can be used. Mixtures of anionic and nonionic surfactants are especially useful. Suitable cationic surfactants for incorporation into the detergent composition of the invention include the quaternary ammonium surfactants. Preferably the quaternary ammonium surfactant is a mono-N-alkyl or alkenyl ammonium surfactant of C6-C6) preferably of Ce-Cio in which the remaining N positions are substituted by methyl, hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl groups. The alkoxylated and bis-alkoxylated amine surfactants are also preferred. Another suitable group of cationic surfactants that can be used in the detergent compositions of the invention are cationic ester surfactants such as those described in the U.S. Patents. 4228042, 4239660 and 4260529. The highly preferred cationic surfactants are cationic monoalkoxylated amine surfactants, preferably of the general formula I: (i) wherein R1 is an alkyl or alkeniion moiety containing from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 16 carbon atoms, more preferably from 6 to 14 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are each independently alkyl groups containing from one to three carbon atoms, preferably methyl, more preferably both R2 and R3 are methyl groups; R 4 is selected from hydrogen (preferred), methyl and ethyl; X "is an anion such as chlorine, bromine, methylsulfate, sulfate, or the like, to provide electrical neutrality, A is an alkoxy group, especially an ethoxy, propoxy or butoxy group, and p is from 0 to 30, preferably from 2 to 15, more preferably from 2 to 8. Preferably the group ApR4 in formula I has p = 1 and is a hydroxyaikyl group, having no more than 6 carbon atoms whereby the -OH group is separated from the nitrogen atom of quaternary ammonium by not more than 3 carbon atoms Particularly preferred groups ApR4 are -CH2-CH2OH, -CH2CH2CH2OH, -CH2CH (CH3) OH and -CH (CH3) CH2OH, with -CH2CH2OH being particularly preferred. they are linear alkyl groups, linear R1 groups having from 8 to 14 carbon atoms are preferred.

Other conventional useful surfactants are listed in standard texts.

Additional detergency builders In addition to the polyanionic builders that occur in the detergent compositions of the invention, additional builders may be present to help control the mineral hardness. Inorganic as well as organic builders can be used. Detergent builders are typically used in fabric washing compositions to aid in the removal of particulate soils. The level of additional detergency builder can vary widely depending on the final use of the composition. Examples of silicate builders are alkali metal silicates, particularly those having an Si? 2: Na.sub.2 ratio. in the scale from 1.6: 1 to 3.2: 1 and layered silicates, such as the layered sodium silicates described in the U.S. Patent. 4,664,839, issued May 12, 1987 to H. P. Rieck. NaSKS-6 is the trade name for a crystalline layered silicate sold by Hoechst (commonly abbreviated as "SKS-6"). Unlike zeolite builders, Na SKS-6 silicate builder does not contain aluminum. NaSKS-6 has the morphological form delta-Na2S05 of layered silicate. It can be prepared by methods such as those described in German Application DE-A-3,417,649 and DE-A-3,742,043. SKS-6 is a highly preferred stratified silicate for use herein, but other layered silicates, such as those having the general formula NaMSix? 2? +? .yH2? wherein M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4, preferably 2, and y is a number from 0 to 20, preferably 0 may be used herein. Some other stratified silicates from Hoechst include NaSKS-5, NaSKS-7 and NaSKS-11 as the alpha, beta and gamma forms. As indicated above, the delta-Na2Si? 5 (NaSKS-6) form is most preferred for use herein. Other silicates can also be used such as for example magnesium silicate, which can serve as a tightening agent in granulated formulations, as a stabilizing agent for oxygen bleaches, and as a component of foam control systems. Examples of carbonate builders are the alkaline earth metal and alkaline carbonates as described in German Patent Application No. 2,321,001 published November 15, 1973. Aluminosilicate builders are useful in the present invention. The aluminosilicate builders are of great importance in the majority of heavy duty granular detergent compositions currently marketed, and can also be an important detergency builder ingredient in liquid detergent formulations. The aluminosilicate builders include those that have the empirical formula: Mz (zAI02) and] xH20 where z and y are integers of at least 6, the molar ratio of zay is on the scale of 1.0 to about 0.5, and x is a whole from about 15 to about 264. Useful aluminosilicate ion exchange materials are commercially available. These aluminosilicates may be of crystalline or amorphous structure and may be naturally occurring or synthetically derived aluminosilicates. A method for producing aluminosilicate ion exchange materials is described in the U.S. Patent. 3,985,669, Krummel et al, issued October 12, 1976. Preferred synthetic crystalline aluminosilicate ion exchange materials useful herein are available under the designations Zeolite A, Zeolite P (B), Zeolite MAP and Zeolite X, the Zeclite MAP can be particularly useful. In an especially preferred embodiment, the crystalline aluminosilicate ion exchange material has the formula: ai2_ (Al? 2h2 (Si? 2) i2] -xH2? Where x is from about 20 to about 30, especially about 27 This material is known as Zeolite A. Dehydrated zeolites (x = 0-10) can also be used herein Preferably, the aluminosilicate has a particle size of about 0.1-10 microns in diameter. For example, C-12-18 'monocarboxylic acids may also be incorporated into the compositions by themselves, or in combination with the aforementioned builders, especially the citrate and / or succinate builders, to provide an enhancing activity of Additional detergency This use of fatty acids will generally result in decreased foaming, which should be taken into account by the formulator. phosphorus-based builders, and especially in the bar formulations used for hand washing operations, various alkali metal phosphates such as the well-known sodium tripolyphosphates, sodium pyrophosphate and sodium orthophosphate can be used. Phosphonate builders such as ethan-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate and other known phosphonates can also be used (see, for example, US Patents 3,159,581).; 3,213,030; 3,422,021; 3,400,148 and 3,422,137).

Blangue The detergent compositions herein may optionally contain bleaching agents or bleaching compositions containing an agent and one or more bleach activators. When present, the bleaching agents will typically be at levels of from about 1% to about 30%, very typically about 5% to about 20% of the detergent composition, especially for fabric washing. If present, the amount of bleach activators is typically from about 0.1% to about 60%, very typically from about 0.5% to about 40% of the bleaching composition containing the bleaching agent plus the bleach activator. The bleaching agents used herein may be any of the bleaching agents useful for detergent compositions in textile cleaning, hard surface cleaning or other cleaning purposes now known or known. These include oxygen bleaches as well as other bleaching agents. Perborate bleaches, for example, sodium perborate (e.g., mono and tetrahydrate) can be used herein. Suitable peroxygen bleach compounds include sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate and equivalent "percarbonate" bleaches, sodium pyrophosphate peroxyhydrate, urea peroxyhydrate, and sodium peroxide. Persulfate bleach (e.g., OXONE, commercially manufactured by DuPont) can also be used. A preferred percarbonate bleach comprises dry particles having an average particle size in the range of about 500 microns to about 1,000 microns, no more than about 10% by weight of said particles being larger than about 1.250. mieras Optionally, the percarbonate can be coated with silicate, borate or water soluble surfactants. Percarbonate is available from various commercial supplies such as FMC, Solvay and Tokai Denka.

Another category of bleaching agent that can be used without restriction comprises percarboxylic acid bleaching agents and salts thereof. Suitable examples of this class of agents include magnesium monoperoxyphthalate hexahydrate, the magnesium salt of metachloroperbenzoic acid, 4-nonylamino-4-oxoperoxybutyric acid and hyperoxydedecandioic acid. Said bleaching agents are described in the patent of E.U.A. 4,483,781, Hartman, issued November 20, 1984, patent of E.U.A. 740,446, Burns et al., Filed June 3, 1985, European patent application 0,133,354, Banks et al., Published February 20, 1985 and US patent. 4,412,934, Chung et al., Issued November 1, 1983. Highly preferred bleaching agents also include 6-nonylamino-6-oxoperoxycaproic acid as described in the U.S.A. 4,634,551, issued on January 6, 1987 to Burns et al. Mixtures of bleaching agents can also be used. Peroxygen bleaching agents, perborates, percarbonates, etc., are preferably combined with bleach activators, which lead to in situ production in the aqueous solution (ie, during the washing process) of the peroxy acid corresponding to the bleach activator. Several non-limiting examples of activators are described in E.U.A. 4,915,854, issued April 10, 1990 to Mao et al. And the US patent. 4,412,934. Typical nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (NOBS) and tetraacetylethylamine (TAED) activators and mixtures thereof can also be used. See also E.U.A. 4,634,551 for other typical bleaches and activators useful herein. Preferred amide-derived bleach activators are those of the formulas: R 1 N (R 5) C (0) R 2 C (0) LO R 1C (0) N (R 5) R 2c (0) L wherein R is an alkyl group containing from about 6 to about 12 carbon atoms, R2 is an alkylene containing 1 to about 6 carbon atoms, R ^ is H or alkyl, aryl or alkaryl containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms and L is any suitable residual group. A residual group is any group that is displaced from the bleach activator as a result of a nucleophilic attack on the bleach activator by the perhydrolysis anion. A preferred residual group is phenylsulfonate. Preferred examples of bleach activators of the above formulas include (6-octanamido-caproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-nonanamido-caproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate, (6-decanamido-caproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate and mixtures thereof as described in the US patent 4,634,551 which is incorporated herein by reference. Another class of bleach activators includes activators of the benzoxazine type described by Hodge et al. In the U.S. patent. 4,966,723, issued October 30, 1990, incorporated herein by reference. A highly preferred benzoxazine bleach activator is: Yet another class of preferred bleach activators includes acyl-lactam activators, especially acylcaprolactams and acylvalerolactams of the formulas: wherein R ^ is H or an alkyl, aryl, alkoxyaryl or alkaryl group containing from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms. Highly preferred lactam activators include benzoylcaprolactam, octanoylcaprolactam, -3,5,5-trimethyl-hexanoylcaprolactam, nonanoylcaprolactam, decanoylcaprolactam, undecenoylcaprolactam, benzoylvalerolactam, octanoiivalerolactam, decanoylvalerolactam, undecenoylvalerolactam, nonanoylvalerolactam, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoylvalerolactam and mixtures thereof. same. See also the U.S. Patent. 4,545,784 issued to Sanderson on October 8, 1985 incorporated herein by reference, which discloses acylcaprolactams, including benzoylcaprolactam, adsorbed to sodium perborate. Bleaching agents other than oxygen bleaching agents are also known in the art and can be used herein. A type of bleaching agent that is not oxygen of particular interest includes photoactivated bleaching agents such as sulfonated zinc and / or aluminum phthalocyanines. See the patent of E.U.A. 4,033,718, issued July 5, 1977 to Holcombe et al. If used, the detergent compositions typically should contain from about 0.025% to about 1.25% by weight of said bleaches, especially sulfonated zinc phthalocyanine. If desired, the bleaching compounds can be catalyzed by means of a manganese compound. Such compounds are well known in the art and include, for example, the manganese-based catalysts described in the U.S.A. No. 5,246,621, patent of E.U.A. No. 5,244,594; patent of E.U.A. 5,194,416; patent of E.U.A. No. 5,114,606 and European Patent Applications Nos. 549,271 A1, 549,272A1, 544,440A2 and 544,490A1. Preferred examples of these catalysts include Mn'V2 (u-O) 3 (1, 4,7-trimetii-1, 4,7-triazacyclononane) 2 (PF6) 2. MnMI2 (u-0)? (u-OAc) 2 (1, 4,7-trimethyl-1, 4,7-triazacyclononane) 2- (Cl 4) 2, Mn'V4 (u-0) 6 (1, 4,7-triazac) clononane) 4 (Cl? 4) 4, Mn "lMn | V4 (u-0)? (U-OAc) 2- (1, 4,7-trimethyl-l, 4,7-triazacyclononane) 2 (Cl? 4) 3, Mn'V (1, 4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane) - (OCH 3) 3 (PF 6) and mixtures thereof. Other metal-based catalysts include those described in the U.S.A. 4,430,243 and patent of E.U.A. 5.1 14.61 1. The use of manganese with several complex ligands to improve bleaching is also reported in the following United States Patents: 4,728,455; 5,284,944; 5,246,612; 5,256,779; 5,280,117; 5,274,147; 5,153,161 and 5,227,084. As a practical matter, and not by way of limitation, the compositions and methods herein can be adjusted to provide in the order of at least one part per ten million of the active bleach catalyst species in the aqueous wash liquor, and will preferably provide about 0.1 ppm to about 700 ppm, most preferably about 1 ppm to about 500 ppm of the catalyst species in the wash liquor.

Enzymes Enzymes may be included in formulations of the present for a variety of fabric washing purposes, including the removal of protein-based stains, based on carbohydrates or triglyceride-based surfaces such as fabrics, for example, and for the prevention of dye transfer, and for fabric restoration. The enzymes to be incorporated include proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases and peroxidases, as well as mixtures thereof. Other types of enzymes can also be included. They can be of any suitable origin, such as vegetable, animal, bacterial, fungal and yeast. However, their choice is governed by several factors such as pH activity and / or optimal stability, thermostability, stability versus active detergents, builders, etc. In this regard, bacterial or fungal enzymes are preferred, such as bacterial amylases and proteases and fungal cellulases. Enzymes are normally incorporated at levels sufficient to provide up to about 5 mg by weight, more typically about 0.01 mg to about 3 mg, of active enzyme per gram of composition. Stated otherwise, the compositions herein will typically consist of from about 0.001% to about 5%, preferably 0.01% -1% by weight of a commercial enzyme preparation. Protease enzymes are present in such commercial preparations at levels sufficient to provide 0.005 to 0.1 Anson units (AU) "e activity per gram of composition Suitable examples of proteases are the subtilisins that are . obtained from particular strains of B.subtilis and B.licheniforms. Another suitable protease is obtained from a Bacillus strain, having a maximum activity - on the whole pH scale of 8 to 12, developed and sold by Novo Industries A / S under the trade name WAIT. The preparation of this enzyme and analogous enzymes is described in the English patent specification 1, 243,784, by Novo. Suitable proteolytic enzymes for removing stains based on proteins that are commercially available include those sold under the trade names ALCALASE and SAVINASE by Novo.

Industries A / S (Denmark) and MAXATASE of International Bio-Synthetics, Inc., (Netherlands). Other proteases include Protease A (see European Patent Application 130,756, published January 9, 1985) and Protease B (see European Patent Application Serial No. 87303761.8, filed April 28, 1987 and European Patent Application 130,756, Bott. and others, published on January 9, 1985). Amylases include, for example, α-amylases described in the description of British Patent No. 1, 296,839, (Novo), RAPIDASE, International Bio-Synthetics, Inc. and TERMAMYL, Novo Industries. Cellulases that can be used herein include both bacterial and fungal cellulases. Preferably they will have an optimum pH between 5 and 9.5. Suitable cellulases are described in U.S. Patent 4,435,307, Barbesgoard et al., Issued March 6, 1984, describes fungal cellulases produced from strain DSM 1800 of Humicola insolens or Humicola, or a cellulase-producing fungus 212 belonging to the genus. Aeromonas, and the cellulase extracted from the hepatopancreas of a marine mollusk (Dolabella Auricle Solander). Suitable cellulases are also described in GB-A-2,075,028; GB-A-2,095,275 and DE-OS-2,247,832. CAREZYME (Novo) is especially useful. The lipase enzymes suitable for use in detergents are those produced by microorganisms of the Pseudomonas group, such as Pseudomonas stutzeri ATCC 19,154 as described in British Patent 1, 372,034. Also see lipases in Japanese patent application 53,20487, open to public inspection on February 24, 1978. This lipase is available from Amano Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nagoya, Japan, under the tradename Lipasa P "Amano", hereinafter referred to as "Amano-P". Other suitable commercial lipases include Amano-CES, lipases ex Chromobacter viscosum, e.g., Chromobacter viscosum var. lipoliticum NRRLB 3673, commercially available from Toyo Jozo Co., Tagata, Japan. ; and also Chromobacter viscosum lipases from U.S. Biochemical Corp, E.U.A. and Disoynth Co., The Netherlands and lipases ex Pseudomonas gladioli. The LIPOLASE enzyme derived from Humicola lanuginosa and commercially available from Novo (see also EPO 341, 947) is a preferred lipase for use herein. The peroxidase enzymes are used in combination with oxygen sources, for example, percarbonate, perborate, hydrogen peroxide, etc. They are used for "bleaching in solution", ie to avoid the transfer of dyes or pigments removed from the substrates during washing operations to other substrates in the washing solution. Peroxidase enzymes are known in the art and include, for example, horseradish peroxidase, ligninase and haloperoxidase such as chloroperoxidase and bromoperoxidase. The compositions - detergents that. containing peroxidase are described, for example, in PCT International Application WO 89/099813, published October 19, 1989 by O. Kirk, assigned to Novo Industries A / S. A wide variety of enzyme materials and means for their incorporation into synthetic detergent compositions are disclosed in the US patent. 3,553,139, issued January 5, 1971 to McCarty et al. Additionally, enzymes are described in the U.S. patent. 4,101,457, Place et al., Issued July 18, 1978 and in. the patent of E.U.A. 4,507,219, Hughes, issued March 26, 1985. Enzyme materials useful for liquid detergent formulations and their incorporation into such formulations are described in US Pat. 4,261, 868, Hora et al., Issued April 14, 1981. Enzymes for detergents can be stabilized by various techniques. Enzyme stabilization techniques are described and illustrated in the U.S. patent. 3,600,319, issued August 7, 1971 to Gedge et al., And in European patent application 0 199 405, application number 86200586.5, published on October 29, 1986, Venegas. Enzyme stabilization systems are also described, for example, in the U.S. patent. 3,519,570. Other components which are commonly used in detergent compositions and which can be incorporated in the detergent larvae of the present invention include chelating agents, soil release agents, soil anti-redeposition agents, dispersing agents, brighteners, suds suppressors, softeners. of fabrics, dye and perfume transfer inhibiting agents. The invention will be illustrated by the following examples.

EXAMPLE 1 Detergent tablets comprising surfactants, detergency builder, enzymes, perfume and other detergent ingredients were formed by placing 42.75 g of a commercially available granular detergent in a circular mold with a diameter of 54 mm, and compressed using an apparatus of Lloyd Instruments LR50 test. The compression loading was optimized so as to obtain a tablet with 12 kPa cylindrical tablet strength of diametral fracture stress (expressed in kPa). The diametral fracture stress was calculated as described above. The adipic acid (du Pont) was heated in a thermostatic bath at 163 ° C with gentle agitation until it melted. The disintegrant was then added with continuous stirring to obtain a homogeneous suspension of 10% w / w in the adipic acid. Tablets prepared as above were immersed in the liquid to give the final coated tablet. In Example 1, the cationic polymer IPR 88 (ex Rohm &Haas) was used as a disintegrant, a tablet having a total weight of 46 g and a diametral fracture tension of 28 kPa was produced. This tablet was immersed in deionized water at 20 ° C and the time it took for the coating to begin to disintegrate was measured and was 4 seconds.

Comparative Example A When a cellulose disintegrant, Nymcel zsb16® (ex Metsa Serla) was used as a disintegrant in the same proportion in the coating, a tablet having a total weight of 46 g and a diametral fracture stress of 30 kPa was produced . This tablet was immersed in deionized water at 20 ° C and the time it took for the coating to begin to disintegrate was measured and was 25 seconds.

EXAMPLE 2 The following are examples of detergent compositions according to the invention. They can be in particles or they can be compressed into tablets in a tablet press. 0 ib Abbreviations used in the examples NYMCEL TM. Carboxymethylcellulose supplied by Metsa-Serla. CMF: interlaced cellulose fiber with citric acid manufactured by Wayerhauser. Arbocel ™ Micronized cellulose supplied by Rettesmeyer LAS: Linear sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate of Cj - | _13 MES: C- | 8 fatty acid a-sulfomethyl ester TAS: Sodium tallow alkyl sulfate CxyAS: C- | x - Ciy sodium alkylsulfate C46SAS : Sodium alkyl alkylsulfate (2,3) C-J4 - CJ S CxyEzS: Sodium alkylsulfate of C - ^ - C-j and condensed with an average of z moles of ethylene oxide. CxyEz: Primary alcohol of C-jx-C-iy predominantly linear condensed with an average of z moles of ethylene oxide QAS: R2.N + (CH3) 2 (C2H4OH) with R2 = C? 2-C14 QAS 1: R2. N + (CH3) 2 (C2H4OH) with R2 = C8-Cn SADS: Sodium alkydisulphate of C-? -C22 of the formula 2- (R) .C4 H7 -1, 4- (S04-) 2 wherein R = C10-C18 SADE2S: C14-C22 sodium alkyldisulphate of the formula 2- (R) .C4 H7 -1, 4- (S0 -) 2, R = C-io-C-iß, condensed with z moles of ethylene oxide APA: C8- Amidopropyl dimethylamine or Soap: Linear sodium alkylcarboxylate derived from a mixture of 80 / 20 coconut and tallow fatty acids STS: Sodium toluene sulfonate CFAA: N-methyl glucamide of (coconut) C12-C14 alkyl TFAA: C-6-C18 alkyl N-methyl glucamide TPKFA: Whole cut fatty acids of Ciß-C-iß STPP: Anhydrous sodium tripolyphosphate TSPP: Tetrasodium pyrophosphate Zeolite A: Hydrated sodium aluminosilicate of the formula Nai 2 (A1? 2Si? 2) 2 27H2O, which has a primary particle size on the scale of 0.1 to 10 micrometers (weight expressed on an anhydrous basis) Na-SKS-6: Crystalline layered silicate of the formula d-Na 2 Si 2? Citrus: Anhydrous citric acid Borate: Sodium borate Carbonate: Anhydrous sodium carbonate with a particle size between 200 and 900 micrometers Bicarbonate: Anhydrous sodium bicarbonate with a particle size distribution between 400 and 1200 μm.

Silicate: Amorphous sodium silicate (Si? 2: Na2? = 2.0: 1 ratio) Sulfate: Anhydrous sodium sulfate Mg sulfate: Anhydrous magnesium sulfate Citrate: Trisodium citrate dihydrate of 86.4% activity with a particle size distribution between 425 and 850 μm MA / AA: 1: 4 random copolymer of maleic acid / Acrylic acid, average molecular weight of about 70,000 MA / AA 1: Maleic acid / acrylic acid 4: 6 random co-polymer, average molecular weight of about 10,000 AA: Sodium polyacrylate polymer with an average molecular weight of 4,500 CMC: Sodium carboxymethylcellulose Cellulose ether: Methylcellulose ether with a degree of polymerization of 650 available from Shin Etsu Chemicals Protease: Proteolytic enzyme, which has 3.3% by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO Industries A / S under the trade name Savinase. Protease I: Proteolytic enzyme, which has 4% by weight of active enzyme, as described in WO 95/10591, sold by Genecor, Int. Inc.

Alacasa: Proteolytic enzyme, which has 5.3% by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO Industries A / S Cellulase: Cellulite enzyme, which has 0.23% by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO Industries A / S under the trade name Carezyme. Amylase: Amylolytic enzyme, which has 1.6% by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO Industries A / S under the trade name Termamyl®120T Amylase II: Amylolytic enzyme, as described in PCT / US9703635 Lipase: Lipoic enzyme, having 2.0 % by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO Industries A / S under the trade name Lipolase. Lipase (1): lipoic acid enzyme, which has 2.0% by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO Industries A / S under the trade name Lipolase Ultra. Endolase: Enzyme endoglucanase, which has 1.5% by weight of active enzyme, sold by NOVO Industries A / S PB4: Sodium perborate tetrahydrate of nominal formula NaB? 2.3H2O.H2? 2 PB1: Anhydrous sodium perborate bleach with nominal formula NaB? 2-H2? 2 Percarbonate: Sodium percarbonate of nominal formula 2Na2C03.3H2? 2 DOBS: Decanoyloxybenzene sulfonate in the form of the sodium salt DPDA: Diperoxydodecanedioic acid NOBS: Nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate in the form of sodium salt NACA-OBS: (6- nonamidocaproyl) oxybenzenesulfonate 5 LOBS: Dodecanoyloxybenzenesulfonate in the form of sodium salt. DOBA: Decanoyloxybenzoic acid TAED: Tetraacetylethylenediamine. DTPA: Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid DETPMP: Dethylenetriaminpenta (methylene) phosphonate, marketed by Monsanto under the trade name Dequest 2060. "EDDS: Ocyldiamine-N'-disuccinic acid, isomer (S, S) in the form of its salt. sodium. Photoactivated: Sulfonated zinc phthalocyanine encapsulated in soluble polymer in dextrin, bleach (1) * t 15 Fctoactivated: aluminosulfonated phthalocyanine encapsulated in polymer. soluble in dextrin, bleach (2) Brightening 1: 4,4'-bis (2-sulfoestiriI) biphenyl disodium Brightener 2: 4,4'-b¡s (4-anilino-6-morpholino-1, 3,5- Disodium triazin-2-yl) stilbene-2,2'-disulfonate HEDP: 1,1-Hydroxy-butyndiphosphonic acid PEGx: Polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of x (typically 4,000) PEO: Polyethylene oxide with a molecular weight of 50,000.

TEPAE: Ethoxylated ethoxylated tetraethenamine PVI: Poivinylimidazole, with an average molecular weight of 20,000 PVP: Polyvinylpyrrolidone polymer, with an average molecular weight of 60,000 PVNO: Polyvinylpyridine N-oxide polymer, with an average molecular weight of 50,000 PVPVI: Polyvinylpyrrolidone copolymer and vinyiimidazole, with an average molecular weight of 20,000 QEA: bs ((C2H5?) (C2H4? n) (CH3) -N + -C6H12-N + - (CH3) ois ((C2H5?) - (C2H4? n) , where n = from 20 to 30 SRP 1: Anionically blocked poly esters at the ends SRP 2: Short block poly (1, 2 propylene terephthalate) diethoxylated PEI: Polyethylenimine with an average molecular weight of 1800 and a degree of average ethoxylation of 7 ethyleneoxy residues per nitrogen Silicone Antifoam: Polydimethylsiloxane foam controller with siloxane-oxyalkylene copolymer as a dispersing agent with a ratio of said controller to said dispersing agent from 10: 1 to 100: 1 Opaque dor: Mixture of water-based monostyrene latex, sold by BASF Aktiengeselischaft under the trade name Lytron 621 Wax: Paraffin wax.

Claims (10)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. A detergent composition or component thereof in solid form comprising a disintegrant and a polyo ionic detergent builder, said disintegrant comprising a cationic polymer that is «Expand in water.

2. The detergent composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the disintegrant comprises an anion exchange rosin.

3. The detergent composition according to claim 1 or claim 2, further characterized in that the cationic polymer comprises cationic quaternary ammonium groups. *

4. The detergent composition according to claim 3, further characterized in that the cationic quaternary ammonium groups are pendent on the base structure of the polymer.

5. The detergent composition according to any of the preceding claims in the form of a tablet.

6. The detergent composition in a solid form, comprising a core and a coating layer that at least partially covers the core, further characterized in that the coating layer comprises a disintegrant comprising a cationic polymer that expands in water.

7. The detergent composition according to claim 6, further characterized in that it additionally comprises a polyanionic builder.

8. The detergent composition according to any of claims 1 to 5 or 7, further characterized in that the polyanionic detergency builder is selected from di or tri carboxylic acids or their salts, phosphates, poiimeric polycarboxylates and chelators.

9. A method for manufacturing a detergent composition according to any of the preceding claims, comprising forming a core by compressing a particulate material, the particulate material comprising a surfactant and builder, and applying a coating material to the characterized in that the coating material comprises a disintegrant comprising a cationic polymer that expands in water.

10. The use of a cationic polymeric material that expands in water in a detergent composition to reduce the percussion in the fabric.