MXPA01001765A - Cylinder head with two-plane water jacket - Google Patents

Abstract

A cylinder head for an engine having a two-plane water jacket in which a lower chamber at one plane through the head cools the fire deck of each cylinder and a cross-flow passage for the coolant is spaced above the lower chambers in a second plane through the head directs coolant to an outlet. The two planes of the water jacket are connected by an annular passage surrounding the injector nozzle sleeve and has machined surfaces whereby the size of the flow channel and thus the coolant flow between the two planes is better controlled to enable more even cooling of the fire deck resulting in less variability in fire deck temperature from one cylinder to one another. The lower chambers cooling the fire deck are separate for each cylinder to prevent heated coolant from one cylinder flowing to the next cylinder fire deck.

Description

CYLINDER HEAD WITH TWO-DOWN WATER SHIRT BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention The present invention relates to a cylinder head for an engine and in particular to a cylinder head having a two-level water jacket in which a lower chamber in a plane through the head cools the cover against fire of each cylinder and a transverse flow conduit separated above the lower chambers in a second plane through the head directs the chiller to an outlet. A smaller variation in the temperature of the fire cover results from separating the lower chambers of each cylinder from each other.

Description of the related art The typical design of a heavy-duty diesel engine depends on the cooling of the water jacket that produces inconsistent cooling with the higher temperatures at one end of the cylinder head fire cover than the other. This results from a water jacket in which the cooler of the fire cover of the cylinder head furthest from the cooler outlet flows through the cylinder head beyond the fire covers of the remaining cylinders while the cooler moves towards the outlet of the cooler. The cylinder fire cover closest to the cooler outlet is hotter than the cylinder fire cover furthest from the cooler outlet.

Synthesis of the invention The present invention overcomes the inconsistent cooling of previous designs by providing a water jacket with two "planes", or levels, of cooling in the cooling circuit of the cylinder head. The lower directed cooling plane allows the cooler to flow into the cylinder head from the cylinder block to cool the cover against the fire of only one cylinder. The cooler flows upward from the cooling plane directed to an upper path plane containing a transverse flow conduit that directs the cooler to a cooler outlet without the cooler interacting in the direct cooling of the area of the fire cover of any of the other cylinders.

An upward flow channel is provided between the directed cooling plane and the upper path plane. Preferably, this is an annular channel that surrounds the nozzle sleeve of the nozzle where access to an orifice surface is provided from outside the head so that the surface of the orifice can be machined. Because the surface of the hole in the head and on the surface of the injection nozzle sleeve are machined, the size of the channel is controlled by machined tolerances instead of through casting tolerances. This results in a very small flow variation from one cylinder to the other, which produces an even cooling between the cylinders.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the cylinder head showing the water jacket according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view as substantially seen along line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the cylinder head of the present invention as viewed substantially from line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a sectional view, as seen substantially along line 2-2 of Figure 1 of an alternative embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of one end of the cylinder head.

Description of the preferred incorporation With reference to Figure 1, the cylinder head of the present invention is generally shown and is marked with the number 10. The cylinder head includes a cast iron body 12 that is fused with several conduits therein in a known manner . The ducts include the holes 14 for the mounting bolts, the ports 16 for a fuel injector, several passages for the discharge and intake valves (shown in Figures 2 and 3) as well as the ducts forming a water jacket as described in more detail below. A lower wall 20 forms the lower surface of the cylinder head and is the fire cover 18 for each cylinder. The cover for the fire forms the upper surface of the combustion chamber of each cylinder and is the part of the cylinder head that requires greater cooling. The water jacket of the cylinder head provides direct cooling of the cover against fire.

The cylinder head of the present invention is provided with a water head arranged in two separate planes of the cylinder head. A lower directed cooling plane includes a lower chamber 22 shown in Figures 1 and 2. The lower chamber 22 is immediately above a lower wall 20 of the cylinder head, the lower surface which forms the fire cover 18. The lower chamber 22, as best seen in Figure 2, is generally rectangular in shape with the inlets 24 in the four corners that receive the cooler from the water jacket of the engine block. The lower chamber 22 surrounds the conduit 26 for the air intake and the conduits 28 for the gas discharge. While the invention is shown in an engine having two discharge valves and two intake valves, you will readily appreciate that the cylinder head of the present invention can be used with an engine having more or fewer valves. Several branches 34 extend from the lower chamber 22 which are formed by the melt core portions supporting the core in the casting mold. The ramifications 34 are closed by means of freezing plugs 48.

The lower chamber 22 includes the branches 30 for the flow of the cooler between the conduits 26 and 28 to the center of the lower chamber 22 that surrounds the sleeve of the injector nozzle 32. The nozzle sleeve 32 is positioned within the orifice 16 and is extends through the fire cover 18. A seal 35 is formed between the handle 32 and the inner wall 20 to prevent the cooler from dripping from the lower chamber of the water jacket 22 into the combustion chamber below it. . A 0-ring seal 47 seals the upper end of the injector sleeve 32 to the body of the cylinder head 12.

The water jacket further has an upper path plane containing a transverse flow channel 36 and a connection part 38. The path plane is connected to the lower cooling plane by means of an annular channel 40 formed between the injector sleeve 32. and the inner surface 42 of the injector orifice 16. The cross flow channel 36 is shown in Figure 3 and directs the cooler to a reservoir 52 at one end of the head. The cross flow channel 36 is also formed with the branches 54. The branches 54 are formed by parts of the casting core which are supported in the core in the casting mold. These branches are closed by additional cooling plugs 56. Figure 3 further shows the gas discharge and air intake ducts 26 and 28 through the head as well as the valve guides 64 and 66 for the discharge valves and of admission. The cooler reservoir 52 includes a passage outlet 68 for flow of the heater when the engine is cold which is controlled by a thermostat, not shown, mounted in an upper opening 70 in the reservoir, shown in Figure 5. The other opening 72 in the reservoir is the outlet of the cooler for the hot cooler exiting the cylinder head 10 and which is also thermostatically controlled. The tank 52 also has a freezing plug 74.

The cooler flows in the cylinder head through the inlets 24 in the four corners of the lower chamber 22. The cooler flows radially inward, around the discharge and intake ducts 26 and 28 to the center of the lower chamber 22 and the flow channel 40. There, the cooler rises to the plane of the path where the cooler passes through the connector part 38 to the transverse flow conduit 36. Once in the transverse flow conduit 36, the cooler is directed to the outlet of the cooler 72 at the end of the head.

The lower directed cooling plane of the water jacket includes a lower chamber 22 for each cylinder in an engine of multiple cylinders with lower chambers 22 that are separated one from the other. A part of the lower chamber 22 of an adjacent cylinder is shown in Figure 2. The adjacent lower chambers 22 are separated by a wall 44 in the casting body 12. The cooler must flow from the lower chamber 22 through the channel of flow 40 to the plane of the upper path where the cooler is directed by the cross flow channel 36 to the outlet of the cooler 72 (Figure 5) at one end of the head. The cooler that is heated from the fire cover in a lower chamber 22 does not flow in the other lower chamber 22. The fire cover of each cylinder receives the same degree of cooling, producing better control of the average temperature in the lower chamber 22 and in the cover against fire 18. There is less variation in temperature between the covers for the fire of the multiple cylinders.

A feature of the cylinder head that increases flow control of the cooler through the head is that the surface 42 of the bore 16 is a machined surface such as the outer surface of the injector sleeve 32. The size of the flow channels 40 they are controlled within the machined tolerances rather than in casting tolerances, wherein the variation in the size of the flow channels 40 between the cylinders is more precisely controlled. Precise control of the size of the flow channel 40 is made possible by locating the channels in the injector orifices where access from the outside is possible to machine the surface of the orifice.

An alternate embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 4. There, a small interconnecting conduit 50 is provided through the wall 44 is provided between the adjacent lower chambers 22 on one or both sides. The interconnecting conduits 50 are the result of the connecting portions of the sand core forming the inner chambers 22 in the casting body 12. Greater stability of the core can be provided by connecting the lower chambers 22 with a small connector that forms conduit 50. With the flow of the cooler as described above, it is possible that the small cooler exchange from one lower chamber 22 to another occurs. As a result, the benefits described above can be substantially achieved even with an interconnection between adjacent lower chambers 22.

The invention should not be limited to the foregoing description, but should be limited only by the claims that follow.

Claims (17)

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N S

1. A cylinder head for a multi-cylinder engine comprising a body having a lower wall defining a fire cover for each cylinder, the body having a hollow interior space forming a water cover for cooling the cylinder head, the The water cover has, for each cylinder, a lower chamber adjacent to the lower wall to cool the cover against fire, each lower chamber has at least one inlet to receive the cooler, a separate upper chamber above the lower chamber and a lower chamber. channel that extends between the lower and upper chambers, the water cover also includes a transverse flow conduit in communication with each of the upper chambers to direct the cooler from each upper chamber to a chiller outlet so the cooler flows inside each lower chamber through the entrances of the same, through each channel to each upper chamber and from each upper chamber to the transverse flow conduit and from there to the cooler outlet.

2. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 1 characterized in that the lower chambers are separated from each other to prevent the flow of the cooler from a lower chamber without flowing through the channel and the upper chamber of the associated cylinder and through the conduit of transverse flow.

3. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 1 characterized in that the adjacent lower chambers are coupled to each other by connecting conduits that allow the flow of the cooler between the adjacent lower chambers.

4. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 1 characterized in that the channel is formed by a hole in the body with a machined surface.

5. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 1 characterized in that the channel is formed by a hole in the body having a machined surface and a fuel injector nozzle sleeve within the bore and spaced inward from the bore surface of the same reason why the channel is annular.

6. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 1 characterized in that the channel is located approximately in the center of the lower chamber and in which the lower chamber has a plurality of entries in the radially outer locations in relation to the channel so that The cooler flows in from the inlets to the channel.

7. The cylinder head as claimed in clause six characterized in that the lower chamber is generally rectangular in a plan view with entries in the four corners of the lower chamber.

8. A cylinder head for a multi-cylinder engine comprising a body having a bottom wall defining a cover against the fire for each cylinder, the body having a hollow interior space forming a water cover for the cooler to flow to Through the body, the water cover has a lower chamber for each cylinder adjacent to the lower wall, each lower chamber has at least one inlet for receiving the cooler, the water cover further has a cross-sectional flow channel spaced from the chambers lower and ending in a cooler outlet, the transverse flow conduit is in fluid communication with each lower chamber to receive the cooler therefrom so that the cooler flows from each lower chamber to the transverse flow conduit and through the conduit of transverse flow at the outlet of the cooler.

9. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 8 characterized in that the lower chambers are in fluid communication with the transverse flow conduit through a flow channel extending upwards from each lower chamber, the flow channels Each one is deformed by a hole in the body.

10. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 9 characterized in that the orifices forming the flow channels have a machined surface.

11. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 9 characterized in that the flow channels are annular and are formed by the holes in the body and by the fuel injector nozzle sleeves within the holes and spaced inwards from the surface of the holes.

12. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 9 characterized in that the flow channels are located approximately in the center of the lower chambers and the lower chambers have multiple inputs in the locations radially outside the flow channels.

13. A cylinder head for a multi-cylinder engine comprising a body having a bottom wall defining a cover against the fire for each cylinder, the body having an interior space forming a water cover to cool the head of the cylinder, the water cover has two cooling planes in the head, the cooling plane directed downwards above the lower wall to cool the fire cover and a top transport plane spaced above the cooling plane directed downwards and including a duct Transverse flow to direct the cooler to a cooler outlet, the water cover further has a flow channel for each cylinder providing fluid communication between the lower direct cooling plane and the upper conveying plane and a cooler inlet for each cylinder in the cooling plane directed downwards.

14. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 13 characterized in that for each cylinder the cooling plane directed downwards includes a lower chamber immediately above the lower wall to cool the cover against fire.

15. The cylinder head as claimed in clause 14 characterized in that the lower chamber for each cylinder is separated from the lower chambers associated with the other cylinders of the head.

16. The cylinder head as claimed in clause fourteen characterized in that the lower chamber for each cylinder is connected to an adjacent lower chamber.

17. The cylinder head as claimed in clause thirteen characterized in that the flow channel for each cylinder is located in a hole in the body which also contains a fuel injector nozzle sleeve. SUMMARY A cylinder head for an engine having a water jacket of two planes in which a lower chamber in a plane through the head cools the cover against the fire of each cylinder and a conduit for the transverse flow for the cooler is separated above the lower chambers in a second plane through the head directs the cooler to an outlet. The two planes of the water jacket are connected by an annular conduit that surrounds the sleeve of the injector nozzle and has machined surfaces where the size of the flow channel and therefore the flow of the cooler between the two planes is better controlled for allow a more even cooling of the cover against fire resulting in less variability in the temperature of the cover for fire from one cylinder to the other. The lower chambers that cool the fire cover are separated from each cylinder to prevent the heated cooler of one cylinder from flowing to the next deck against the cylinder fire.