MXPA00012011A - Small molecule sulfonamide hair growth compositions and uses - Google Patents
Small molecule sulfonamide hair growth compositions and usesInfo
- Publication number
- MXPA00012011A MXPA00012011A MXPA/A/2000/012011A MXPA00012011A MXPA00012011A MX PA00012011 A MXPA00012011 A MX PA00012011A MX PA00012011 A MXPA00012011 A MX PA00012011A MX PA00012011 A MXPA00012011 A MX PA00012011A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- straight
- branched chain
- alkyl
- alkenyl
- group
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000003779 hair growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfanilamide Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 41
- 229960001663 sulfanilamide Drugs 0.000 title claims description 41
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 36
- -1 small molecule sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 201000004384 alopecia Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 231100000360 alopecia Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 79
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 77
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000005842 heteroatoms Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 108010027179 Tacrolimus Binding Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 20
- 102000018679 Tacrolimus Binding Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000005466 alkylenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000006656 (C2-C4) alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000175 2-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001506 immunosuppresive Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002941 2-furyl group Chemical group O1C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003682 3-furyl group Chemical group O1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001541 3-thienyl group Chemical group S1C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002618 bicyclic heterocycle group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000006201 3-phenylpropyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000339 4-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 102100014139 FKBP1A Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108010006877 Tacrolimus Binding Protein 1A Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005741 alkyl alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005809 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004207 3-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006306 4-iodophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1I 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004172 4-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C([H])C([H])=C1* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003302 alkenyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004103 aminoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004210 cyclohexylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003854 p-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000636 p-nitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004001 thioalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004204 2-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004429 atoms Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 28
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229940093912 Gynecological Sulfonamides Drugs 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229940079867 intestinal antiinfectives Sulfonamides Drugs 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229940005938 ophthalmologic antiinfectives Sulfonamides Drugs 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229940026752 topical Sulfonamides Drugs 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001737 promoting Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004209 Hair Anatomy 0.000 description 29
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid ethyl ester Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene dichloride Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 230000003676 hair loss Effects 0.000 description 16
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 125000004435 hydrogen atoms Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 14
- QJJXYPPXXYFBGM-LFZNUXCKSA-N Tacrolimus Chemical compound C1C[C@@H](O)[C@H](OC)C[C@@H]1\C=C(/C)[C@@H]1[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)CC(=O)[C@H](CC=C)/C=C(C)/C[C@H](C)C[C@H](OC)[C@H]([C@H](C[C@H]2C)OC)O[C@@]2(O)C(=O)C(=O)N2CCCC[C@H]2C(=O)O1 QJJXYPPXXYFBGM-LFZNUXCKSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 12
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 101700067048 CDC13 Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001861 immunosuppresant Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003018 immunosuppressive agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000765 neuroimmunophilin Substances 0.000 description 7
- ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M prolinate Chemical class [O-]C(=O)C1CCCN1 ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XPMWUNWLCWMRNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-pyridin-3-ylpropyl pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CCNC1C(=O)OCCCC1=CC=CN=C1 XPMWUNWLCWMRNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008079 hexane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 208000004631 Alopecia Areata Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 210000004761 Scalp Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 5
- HXEACLLIILLPRG-UHFFFAOYSA-M pipecolate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1CCCCN1 HXEACLLIILLPRG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002194 synthesizing Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000699 topical Effects 0.000 description 5
- PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N (3S,6S,9S,12R,15S,18S,21S,24S,30S,33S)-30-ethyl-33-[(E,1R,2R)-1-hydroxy-2-methylhex-4-enyl]-1,4,7,10,12,15,19,25,28-nonamethyl-6,9,18,24-tetrakis(2-methylpropyl)-3,21-di(propan-2-yl)-1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25,28,31-undecazacyclotritriacontane-2,5,8,11,14,17 Chemical compound CC[C@@H]1NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H](C)C\C=C\C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C1=O PMATZTZNYRCHOR-CGLBZJNRSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010036949 Cyclosporine Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960001265 ciclosporin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003797 telogen phase Effects 0.000 description 4
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbodicyclohexylimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108060002921 FKBP2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108060002918 FKBP6 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102100000319 FKBP9 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108060002920 FPR1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000003780 Hair Follicle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229960003444 IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 108060002058 PPIL1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108060002060 PPIL3 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108060002061 PPIL4 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 108060002923 TIG Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003778 catagen phase Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 201000008875 nutrition disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxane Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 108060007134 rot Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YDNNOTNUWKPRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diphenylpentan-3-ol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC(O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YDNNOTNUWKPRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMPPDTMATNBGJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Phenylethylbromide Chemical class BrCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WMPPDTMATNBGJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1CC2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)CC1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108090000317 Chymotrypsin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 210000004207 Dermis Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- FUWUEFKEXZQKKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hinokitiol Chemical compound CC(C)C=1C=CC=C(O)C(=O)C=1 FUWUEFKEXZQKKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000000521 Immunophilins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010016648 Immunophilins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylpyridin-2-amine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=N1 PSHKMPUSSFXUIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010029098 Neoplasm skin Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002376 chymotrypsin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 2
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- ZQEBQGAAWMOMAI-ZETCQYMHSA-N (2S)-1-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(O)=O ZQEBQGAAWMOMAI-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHJLVAABSRFDPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol Chemical compound SCC(O)C(O)CS VHJLVAABSRFDPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Chlorobutane Chemical class CCCCCl VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940080296 2-naphthalenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2qpq Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZRPLANDPDWYOMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 3-cyclopentylpropanoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC1CCCC1 ZRPLANDPDWYOMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VAJVDSVGBWFCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylpropan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 VAJVDSVGBWFCLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGCZTXZTJXYWCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylpropanal Chemical compound O=CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 YGCZTXZTJXYWCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQLRLYLKDPJCLG-IBGZPJMESA-N 3-pyridin-3-ylpropyl (2S)-1-benzylsulfonylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound O=C([C@H]1N(CCC1)S(=O)(=O)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)OCCCC1=CC=CN=C1 KQLRLYLKDPJCLG-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDZLXQFDGRCELX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenylbutan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 LDZLXQFDGRCELX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010068168 Androgenetic alopecia Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 229940050390 Benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHAXNTHLZPNETL-UHFFFAOYSA-M C1(=CC=CC=C1)C(C)C1C(N(CCC1)C(C(C(CC)(C)C)=O)=O)(C(=O)[O-])CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)C(C)C1C(N(CCC1)C(C(C(CC)(C)C)=O)=O)(C(=O)[O-])CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 UHAXNTHLZPNETL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004399 C1-C4 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000001736 Capillaries Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000987 Immune System Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 102000004195 Isomerases Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia chloride Chemical class [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-M isethionate Chemical compound OCCS([O-])(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lactate Chemical compound CC(O)C([O-])=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-L maleate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanesulfonate Chemical compound CS([O-])(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- APCHKWZTSCBBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl piperidine-2-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1CCCCN1 APCHKWZTSCBBJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L na2so4 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000005487 naphthalate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-2-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- DNUTZBZXLPWRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-M piperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)N1CCCCC1 DNUTZBZXLPWRJG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010989 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113124 polysorbate 60 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229960002930 sirolimus Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011076 sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001587 sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluene-4-sulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003871 white petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating alopecia and promoting hair growth using small molecule sulfonamides.
Description
COMPOSITIONS AND USES OF SMALL SULFONAMIDE MOLECULE FOR HAIR GROWTH DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This application is a continuation in part of the US Patent Application No. 08 / 869,426, filed on June 4, 1997, the full contents of the which are incorporated herein by reference. This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating alopecia and promoting hair growth using molecule sulfonamides
• small low molecular weight. Hair loss occurs in a variety of situations. These situations include male alopecia, alopecia senilis, alopecia areata, diseases accompanied by basic skin lesions or tumors, and systemic disorders such as nutritional disorders and internal secretion disorders. The mechanisms that cause hair loss are very complicated, but in some cases they can be
^ attributed to aging, genetic application, the activation of male hormones, loss of blood supply to hair follicles, and abnormalities of the scalp. The immunosuppressant drugs FK506, rapamycin and cyclosporin are well known as potent T cell-specific immunosuppressants, and are effective against the
^^^^ ** ^^ * graft rejection after organ transplantation. It has been reported that the topical, but non-oral application of FK506 (Yammamoto et al., J. Invest. Dermatol., 1994, 102, 160-164;
• Jiang et al., J. Invest. Dermatol. 1995, 104, 523-525) and cyclosporin (I abuchi et al., J. Dermatol, Sci. 1995, 9, 64-69) stimulates hair growth in a dose-dependent manner. A form of hair loss, alopecia areata, is known to be associated with autoimmune activities; either, immunomodulatory compounds administered topically
are expected to demonstrate effectiveness in addressing that type of
• loss of hair. The effects of hair growth stimulation of FK506 have been the subject of an international patent file covering KF506 and structures related to them for the stimulation of hair growth (Honbo et al.
al., EP 0 423 714 A2). Honbo et al., Describes the use of relatively large tricyclic compounds, known for their immunosuppressive effects as agents that revitalize hair. • Hair growth and the effects of
The revitalization of FK506 and related agents are described in many US Patents (Goulet et al., US Patent No. 5,258,389, Luly et al., US Patent No. 5,457,111 Goulet et al., US Patent No. 5,532,248 Goulet et al., Patent
North American No. 5,189,042 and Ok et al., Patent
«^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Rupprecht et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,284,840; Organ et al., US Patent No. 5,284,877). These patents claim the
• related compounds of FK506. Although they do not claim the 5 methods of hair revitalization, they describe the known use of FK506 for effective hair growth. Compounds similar to FK506 (and the variations in the Honbo et al. Patent) claimed in these patents are relatively large. In addition, the patents cited are
relate to immunomodulatory compounds for use in
• autoimmune related diseases, for which the efficacy of FK506 is well known. Other North American patents describe the use of cyclosporine and related compounds for revitalization
of hair (Hauer et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,342,625; Eberle, U.S. Patent No. 5,284,826; Hewitt et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,996,193). These patents also relate to compounds useful for the treatment of diseases and cite the known use of cyclosporin and
related immunosuppressant compounds for hair growth. However, the immunosuppressant compounds for the application suppress the immune system and also exhibit other toxic side effects. Therefore, there is a
need for small non-immunosuppressive molecule compounds that are useful as hair revitalizing compounds. Hamilton and Steiner describe in the Patent
• North American No. 5,614,547 novel 5-pyrrolidine carboxylate compounds that bind to FKBP12 immunophilin and stimulate nerve growth, but which lack immunosuppressive effects. Unexpectedly, s «; has discovered that these non-immunosuppressive compounds cause hair growth with an efficacy similar to FK506. Even their novel small molecule structure and non-immunosuppressive properties differ from FK506 and the related immunosuppressant compounds are found in the prior art. The present invention relates to a method for treating alopecia or causing hair growth in an animal, which comprises administering to the animal an effective amount of a small sulfonamide molecule. The present invention is additionally related to
# a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (i) an effective amount of a small sulfonamide molecule to treat alopecia or cause hair growth in an animal; and (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Small molecules of sulfonamides used in the inventive methods and pharmaceutical compositions can be immunosuppressive, but are preferably non-suppressive compounds, which have an affinity for immunophilins of the FKBP type, particularly FKBP12. The compounds do not
^ SP immunosuppressants, as their name suggests, do not exert any significant immunosuppressive activity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURE 1 is a photograph of a mouse treated with a vehicle after six weeks. FIGURE 1 shows that less than 3% of the shaved area is covered with new hair growth 10 when the vehicle (control) is administered.
• FIGURE 2 is a photograph of mouse treated with 10 μM of a related FKBP neuroimmunophilin ligand, GPI 1044, after six weeks. FIGURE 2 shows that 90% of the shaved area is covered with hair growth
new when GPI 1044 is administered. FIGURE 3 is a photograph of mouse treated with 10 μM of a related FKBP neuroimmunophilin ligand, GPI 1116, after six weeks. FIGURE 3 shows that the
# 90% of the shaved area is covered with hair growth
new when GPI 1116 is administered. FIGURE 4 is a photograph of a mouse treated with 3 μM of a related FKBP neuroimmunophilin ligand, GPI 1102, after six weeks. FIGURE 3 shows that 90% of the shaved area is covered with new hair growth
when GPI 1102 is administered.
& ¿* * * * * & * a ^ l ^^^ FIGURE 5 is a bar graph representation of the hair growth results of unshaven animals and shaved animals treated with a vehicle, GPI 1044 (1 μM, 3 μM, and 10 μM), GPI 1116 (1 μM and 10 μM), and GPI
1102 (1 μM and 3 μM). FIGURE 6 is a bar graph representation of hair relative growth rates for 6 C57 Black mice treated with a vehicle, FK506, and FKBP neuroimmunophilin ligands related 14 days
after treatment with each identified compound. FIGURE 6 demonstrates the extraordinary growth of hair early caused by the neuroimmunophilin ligands FKBP. "Alopecia" refers to poor growth
of the hair and to the partial or complete hair loss, including without limitation androgenic alopecia (male baldness), toxic alopecia, alopecia senilis, alopecia areata, peeled alopecia and trichotillomania. Alopecia results when the pillar cycle is disrupted. The most
Frequent is a shortening of hair growth or anagen phase due to the cessation of cell proliferation. This results in an early onset of the catagen phase, and consequently a large number of hairs in the telogen phase during which the follicles are released from the papilla
skin, and the hairs fall off. Alopecia has a number of
etiologies, including genetic factors, aging, local and systemic diseases, febrile conditions, mental tensions, hormonal problems and drug side effects. "GPI 1044" refers to the compound
wherein B is 3-Phenylpropyl, D is 3-Phenylpropyl, and L is Phenyl. "GPI 1102" refers to 4-phenyl-1- (3-phenylpropyl) butyl 1- (3, 3-dimethyl-2-oxopentanoyl) -2- 10 piperidinecarboxylate. "GPI 1116" refers to 1-phenethyl-3-phenylpropyl-1- (3, 3-dimethyl-2-oxopentanoyl) -2-piperidinecarboxylate. • "GPI 1206" refers to a compound of the formula
&] £ s * i fcJ »ri tt¿fc * -" Isomers "refers to different compounds that have the same molecular formula. "Stereoisomers are isomers that differ only in the way atoms
• are placed in space. "Enantiomers" are a pair of 5 stereoisomers that are reflections that are not superimposed on one another. "Diastereoisomers" are stereoisomers that are not reflections of one another. "Racemic mixture" means a mixture containing equal parts of individual enantiomers. "Non-racemic mixture" is a mixture containing parts
Unequal amounts of individual enantiomers or stereoisomers.
"Pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or solvate" refers to a salt, ester or solvate of an object compound that possesses the pharmacologically desired activity and which is neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable. A salt, ester,
Or solvate can be formed with inorganic acids such as acetate, adipate, alginate, aspartate, benzoate, benzenesulfonate, bisulfate, butyrate, citrate, camphorrate, camphorsulfonate, cyclopentanepropionate, digluconate,
• dodecyl sulfate, ethanesulfonate, fumarate, glucoheptanoate,
gluconate, glycerophosphate, hemisulfate, heptanoate, hexanoate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, iodhydrate, 2- hydroxyethane sulfonate, lactate, maleate, methanesulfonate, naphthylate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, nicotinate, oxalate, sulfate, thiocyanate, tosylate and undecanoate. Examples of base salts,
esters or solvates include ammonium salts; alkali metal salts, such as sodium and potassium salts; alkaline earth metal salts, such as calcium and magnesium salts; salts with organic bases, such as salts of dicyclohexylamine; WM N-methyl-D-glucamine; and salts with amino acids, such as
arginine, lysine and etcetera. Also, the basic groups containing nitrogen can be quaternized with such agents as lower alkyl halides, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl and butyl chlorides, bromides and iodides; dialkyl sulfates, such as dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl and diamyl sulfates; long chain halides, such as decyl chlorides, lauryl, myristyl, and stearyl, bromides, and iodides; aralkyl halides, such as benzyl and phenethyl bromides; and others. Products soluble or dispersible in water or oil are therefore obtained. 15"Pillar cycle" refers to the life cycle of the hair follicles, and includes three phases: (1) the anagen phase, the active growth period of the hair which, as far as possible, as scalp B is worrisome, at least approximately three to five years; 20 (2) the catagen phase, the period when the growth stops and the atrophies of the follicle that, as much as possible as a scalp is worrisome, at least approximately one to two weeks; and (3) the telogen phase, the remaining period when the hair is progressively separated and finally the fall, which as far as possible as a scalp is worrisome, at least approximately three to four months. Normally 80 to 90 percent of the follicles
• are in the anagen phase, less than 1 percent are in the
catagen phase, and the rest are in the telogen phase. In the telogen phase, the hair is uniform in diameter with a slightly bulbous non-pigmented root. In contrast, in the phase I anagen, the hair has a large colored bulb at its root. "Promotion of hair growth" refers to
maintain, induce, stimulate, accelerate, or revitalize
• I hair germination. "Treating alopecia" refers to: (i) preventing alopecia in an animal that may be predisposed to alopecia; and / or 15 (ii) inhibit, retard or reduce to Lopecia; and / or (iii) causing hair growth; and / or (iv) prolonging the anagen phase of the hair cycle; and / or • (v) convert hair to grow as hair
terminal. The terminal hair is rough, pigmented, long hair in which the bulb of the hair follicle is lodged in the dermis. The hair, on the other side, is thin, thin, short, non-pigmented hair in which the capillary bulb is located superficially in the dermis. As well as the evolution of
alopecia, the hair change from the terminal to the hair type.
The present invention relates to a method for treating alopecia or causing hair growth in an animal, which comprises administering to the animal an amount
• Effective of a small sulfonamide molecule. 5 Methods of the Present Invention The inventive method is particularly useful for treating male alopecia, alopecia senilis, alopecia areata, alopecia resulting from lesions or skin tumors, alopecia resulting from cancer therapy such as chemotherapy or radiation, and alopecia that results from
• Systematic disorders such as nutritional disorders and internal secretion disorders. Pharmaceutical Compositions of the Present Invention The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (i) an effective amount of a small sulfonamide molecule; and (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. • SMALL MOLECULE OF SULFONAMIDES The sulfonamides used in the methods and pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention are low molecular weight, small molecule compounds that have an affinity for FKBP type immunophilins, such as FKBP12. When a sulfonamide binds to a
immunophilin of the FKBP type, has been found to inhibit propyl-peptidyl cis-trans isomerase, or rotamase, activity for protein binding. Unexpectedly, the compounds have also been found to stimulate the
• hair growth. These compounds that inhibit the rotamase are not immunosuppressants. Examples of useful compounds are set forth below. FORMULA I A small sulfonamide molecule is a compound of Formula I
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in
• where: A is CH2, O, NH or N- (C1-C4 alkyl); B and D are independently Ar, hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cß, chain alkenyl
Linear or branched C2-C6, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl is substituted or unsubstituted with Cs-C cycloalkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkenyl or Ar, and wherein one or two carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl can be substituted with one or two heteroatoms selected independently
^ * 9 from the group consisting of 0, S, SO, and S02 in chemically reasonable parent substitution, or
wherein Q is hydrogen, straight chain alkyl or
• branched Ci-Ce, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, and T is Ar or C5-C7 cycloalkyl substituted at the
positions 3 and 4 with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, 0- (C? -C alkyl), 0- (C2-C4 alkenyl), and carbonyl; with the proviso that B and D are not hydrogen;
• Ar is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic ring systems with individual ring sizes being 5 or 6 which contain in
be both rings a total of 1-4 selected heteroatoms
,, ¿jjSatoite &«Miaa & j.A k .- .." t t.
independently from the group consisting of O, N, and S; wherein Ar contains 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, tpfi? ioromethoxy, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-C ?, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, 0- (straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C4), 0- (straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4), 0-benzyl, O-phenyl, 1,2-methylenedioxy, amino , carboxyl and phenyl; E is a straight or branched chain alkyl of
C? -C6, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkenyl substituted with straight or branched chain alkyl of C1-C, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4 (C2-C4 alkyl or C2-C4 alkenyl) -Ar or Ar; J is hydrogen, Ci or C? Alkyl, or benzyl; K is straight or branched chain alkyl of C? ~ C4, benzyl, or cyclohexylmethyl; or J and K are taken together to form a 5-7 membered heterocyclic ring which is substituted with 0, S, SO, or S02; n is 0 to 3; and the stereochemistry at the carbon 1 and 2 positions is R or S.
FORMULA II In a preferred embodiment of Formula I, J and K are taken together and the small molecule sulfonamine is a
• composed of Formula II
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: • n is 1 or 2; and m is 0 or 1. In a more preferred embodiment, B is selected to
Starting a group consisting of hydrogen, benzyl, 2-phenylethyl and 3-phenylpropyl;
D is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 3-phenoxyphenyl, and 4-phenoxyphenyl; and E is selected from the group consisting of
• phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 2-thienyl, 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 2-methoxyphenyl, 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, methyl , 1-naphthyl, 8-quinolyl, 1- (5-N, N-dimethylamino) -naphthyl, 4-iodophenyl, 2,, 6-trimethylphenyl, benzyl, 4-nitrophenyl, 2-nitrophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, and E -styrene. 10 FORMULA III • Another exemplary small molecule sulfonamide is a compound of Formula III
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:
B and D are independently Ar, hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cß, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-Cd, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl
• is substituted or unsubstituted with C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkenyl or Ar, and wherein one or two carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl may be substituted with one or two heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of of 0, S, SO, and S02 in chemically reasonable substitution patterns, or
•
Wherein Q is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cß, or straight or branched chain alkenyl fr of C2-C6, and T is Ar or C5-C7 cycloalkyl substituted at positions 3 and 4 with one or more selected substituents
Independently from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, 0- (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), 0- (C 2 -C 4 alkenyl), and carbonyl; with the proviso that B and D are not hydrogen;
Ar is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl,
3-thienyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, systems
• monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic ring with sizes of
individual rings being 5 6 6 which contain in either both rings a total of 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of 0, N, and
S; wherein Ar contains 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, straight or branched chain alkyl of C?
C, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, 0- (straight or branched chain alkyl of C1-C4), 0- (straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4), 0-benzyl, O- phenyl,
1, 2-methylenedioxy, amino, carboxyl and phenyl; E is a straight or branched chain alkyl of
C? -C6, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6,? Cs-C7 cycloalkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkenyl substituted with straight or branched chain alkyl of C1-C4, alkenyl
Linear or branched chain of C2-C4 (C2-C4alkyl or C2-C4alkenyl) -Ar or Ar; and m is 0 to 3.
FORMULA IV A small molecule sulfonamide exemplarily
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: B and D are independently Ar, hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C6, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl
• is substituted or unsubstituted with C5-C7 cycloalkyl,
C5-C7 cycloalkenyl or Ar, and wherein one or two carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl may be substituted with one or two heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of O, S, SO, and S02 in chemically reasonable substitution, or wherein Q is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Ce, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, and T is Ar or C5-C7 cycloalkyl substituted in the 3-position and 4 with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, O- (C1-C4 alkyl), 0- (C2-C4 alkenyl), and carbonyl; with the proviso that B and D are not hydrogenated Ar is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic ring systems with individual ring sizes being 5 or 6 which contain in either both rings a total of 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of O, N, and S; wherein Ar contains 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, straight or branched chain alkyl of C? ~ Ce, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2- C6, 0- (straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C4), 0- (straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4), 0-benzyl, O-phenyl,
• 1,2-methylenedioxy, amino, carboxyl and phenyl; E is straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C6, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, cycloalkyl of C5-C7, cycloalkenyl of C5-C7 substituted with straight or branched chain alkyl of C1-C4, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4 (C2-C4 alkyl or
C2-C4 alkenyl) -Ar or Ar; and * m is 0 to 3. FORMULA V An exemplary additional small molecule sulfonamide is a compound of Formula V
Or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or solvate thereof, wherein: V is C, N, or S;
^^^ j ^ ji? tÉ &^^^^^ J and K, taken together with V and the carbon atom to which they are respectively attached, from a saturated or unsaturated 5-7 membered heterocyclic ring that
• contains, in addition to V, one or more heteroatoms 5 selected from the group consisting of 0, S, SO, S02, N, NH, and NR; R is either straight or branched chain alkyl of C1-C9, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-Cg, cycloalkyl of C3-Cg, cycloalkenyl of C5-C-, or Ari, where jf, R is already is substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, haloalkyl, carbonyl, carboxy, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C6, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C 2 -C 6, C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, thioalkyl, alkylthio, sulfhydryl, amino, alkylamino, aminoalkyl, aminocarboxyl and Ar 2; ß & ??? and Ar2 are independently an alicyclic or aromatic, mono-, bi- or tricyclic, carbo- or heterocyclic ring; wherein the size of the individual ring is 5-8 members; wherein the heterocyclic ring contains 1-6 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of 0, N and S;
^^^^^ "^" i¡k ^ A, B, D, E and n are as defined in Formula I above. Representative species of Formulas I-V are
• presented in Table I. TABLE I Composite Structure
4-phenyl-l-butyl-1- (benzylsulfonyl) - (2-flu, S) -2-pipecolinate
1, 5-diphenyl-3-pentyl-N- (a-toluene-sulfonyl) pipecolate TABLE I (Continued) Compound Structure
# 1, 7-diphenyl-4-heptyl-N- (para-toluene-sulfonyl) pipecolato
3- (3-pyridyl) -1-propyl- (2S) -N- (α-toluenesulfonyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate TABLE I (Continued) Compound Structure
4-Phenyl-1-butyl-N- (para-toluenesulfonyl) pipecolate 4-phenol-1-butyl-N- (benzenesulfonyl) -pipeleate
4-phenyl-l-butyl-N- (a-toluene-sulfonyl) pipelcolate All the compounds of the formulas I-V have asymmetric centers and can thus be produced as mixtures of stereoisomers or as individual R and S stereoisomers.
• Individual stereoisomers can be obtained by using an optically active starting material, resolving a racemic or non-racemic mixture of an intermediate to some appropriate stage of synthesis, or solving the compounds of Formulas I-V. It will be understood that the compounds of Formulas I-V encompass
individual stereoisomers as well as mixtures
• (racemic and non-racemic) of stereoisomers. Preferably, the S-stereoisomers are used in the compositions and pharmaceutical methods of the present invention. 15 Synthesis of the Small Sulfonamide Molecule The compounds of Formulas I-VI can be easily prepared by standard techniques of organic chemistry, using the general synthetic pathway represented
• in the following. As described in the. Scheme I, the
cyclic amino acids 1 protected by suitable blocking groups P in the amino acid nitrogen can be reactive with alcohols ROH to generate esters 2. After removing the protecting group, the free amine 3 can be reactive with a variety of sulfonyl chlorides 4 for
provide the final products 5 in good and excellent yields.
i Unprotected r
Affinity for FKBP12 The compounds used in the inventive methods and pharmaceutical compositions have an affinity for the FK506 binding protein, particularly FKBP12. The inhibition of the propyl peptidyl cis-trans isomerase activity of FKBP can be measured as an indicator of this
affinity. K-Test Procedure The inhibition of the peptidyl-propyl isomerase (rotamase) activity of the compounds used in the inventive methods and pharmaceutical compositions can be evaluated by known methods described in the literature (Harding et al., Na ture, 1989, 341: 758-760; Holt et al., J. Chem. Soc., 115: 9923-9938). These values are obtained as K ±
• apparent and are presented by representative compounds in TABLE II The cis-trans isomerization of an alanine-proline bond in a model substrate, N-succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide, is verified spectrophotometrically in a coupled assay of chymotrypsin, which releases para-nitroanilide from the trans form of the substrate. The inhibition of this reaction caused by the addition of different concentrations of the inhibitor is determined, and the data is analyzed as a change in the first order rate constant as a concentration function to produce the apparent K values. In a plastic cuvette, 950 mL of cold assay regulator (25 mM HEPES, pH 7.8, 100 mM NaCl), 10 mL of FKBP (2.5 mM in 10 mM Tris-Cl pH 7.5, 100) are added.
• mM NaCl, 1 mM dithiothreitol), 25 mL of chymotrypsin
(50 mg / mL in 1 mM HCl) and 10 mL of the test compound at various concentrations in dimethyl sulfoxide. The reaction is initiated by the addition of 5 mL of the substrate (succinyl-Ala-Phe-Pro-Phe-para-nitroanilide, 5 mg / mL in 2.35 mM LiCl in trifluoroethanol). 25 The absorbance at 390 nm is checked against time for 90 seconds using a spectrophotometer and the rate constants are determined from the absorbance against time of the data files. • TABLE II In vitro Results Test - Formulas I-V Compound K ,. (nM)
-phenyl-l-butyl-1- (benzylsulfonyl) - (2R, S) -2-pipecolinate (1 |
1, 5-diphenyl-3-pentyl-N- (α-toluenesulfonyl) -pipecolate (2 TABLE II (continued) In vitro Results Test - Formulas I-V Compound Ki (nM)
•
1, 7-diphenyl-4-heptyl-N- (pa ra-toluene-sulfonyl) pipecoat (3)
- (3-pyridyl) -1-propyl- (2S) -N- (α-toluene-sulfonyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (4) TABLE II (continued) In vitro Results Test - Formulas I-V Compound Kj. (nM)
•
4-phenyl-1-butyl-N- (para-toluenesulfonyl) -pipecolate (5;
4-phenyl-1-butyl-N- (benzenesulfonyl) pipecolate (6)
TABLE II (continued) In vitro Results Test - Formulas I-V Compound Kx (nM)
-Phenyl-1-butyl-N- (α-toluenesulfonyl) pipelcolate (7) Route of Administration To effectively treat alopecia or cause hair growth, the compounds used in the inventive methods and pharmaceutical compositions can affect
easily target areas. For these purposes,
• compounds are preferably administered topically to the skin. For topical application to the skin, the compounds can be formulated in suitable ointments containing
compounds suspended or dissolved in, for example, mixtures with one or more of the following: mineral oil, liquid petrolatum, white petrolatum, propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene compound, emulsifying wax and water. Alternatively, the compounds can be formulated in suitable lotions or creams that
• contain the active compound suspended or dissolved in, for example, a mixture of one or more of the following: mineral oil, sorbitan monostearate, polysorbate 60, cetyl ester wax, cetearyl alcohol, 2-octyldodecanol, benzyl alcohol and water. Other administration routes known in the
pharmaceutical techniques are also contemplated by this
• invention. Dosage The dose levels in the order of about 0.1 mg to about 10,000 mg of the compound of the
The active ingredient is useful in the treatment of the above conditions, with preferred levels of about 0.1 mg to about 1,000 mg. The specific dose level for any particular patient
• will vary depending on a variety of factors, including
the activity of the specific compound employed; the age, body weight, general health, sex and diet of the patient; the time of administration; the rate of excretion; drug combination; the severity of the particular disease being treated; and the form of administration.
Typically, the results of the dose effect in vi tro provide useful guidance at the correct doses for administration to the patient. Animal studies are also useful. The considerations for determining the levels of
• Correct doses are well known in the art. The compounds can be administered with other hair revitalization agents. The specific dose levels for the other hair resurfacing agents will depend on the previously established factors and the effectiveness of the drug combination. EXAMPLES • The following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limitations thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages are based on over 100% by weight of the
final composition. Example 1 Synthesis of 3- (3-pyridyl) -1-propyl (4) • N- (er-butyloxycarbonyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (2S) -N- (α-toluenesulfonyl) pyrrolidin-2-carboxylate 3- (3-20 pyridyl) -1-propyl lato A mixture of N- (tert-butyloxycarbonyl) - (S) -proline (6.0 g, 28 mmol), 3- (3-pyridyl) was stirred overnight. -1-propanol (5.80 g, 41.8 mmol), dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (9.20 g, 44.48 mmol), camphorsulfonic acid (21.60 g, 9.26 mmol) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (1.12 g, 9.26 mmol) in dry methylene chloride (200 mg). L). The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite, concentrated and purified on a column of silica gel, eluting with 40% ethyl acetate in hexane to obtain 5.0 g of the product as a clear oil (53%). 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13): d 1.42 (s, 9H); 1.43-1.95 (m, 6H); 2.68 (m, 2H); 3.46-3.52 (m, 2H); 4.11-4.22 (m, 2H); 4.33 (m, 1H); 7.17-7.24 (m, 1H); 7.47 (m, 1H); 8.43 (s, 2H). (^ 10 3- (3-Pyridyl) -1-propyl pyrrolidin-2-carboxylate A solution of 3- (3-pyridyl N- (er-butyloxycarbonyl) pyrrolidin-2-carboxylate) was stirred at room temperature for three hours. ) -1-propyl (3.0 g, 8.9 mmol) in methylene chloride (40 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (8 mL) 15 Saturated potassium carbonate was added until the pH was basic, and the reaction mixture was extracted with methylene chloride (3x) The combined extracts were dried and concentrated to yield 1.60 g (77%) of the free amine as a thick oil XH NMR (300 MHz, CDC13): d 1.71-2.09 20 (m, 6H), 2.63 (m, 2H), 2.86 (m, 1H), 2.94 (m, 1H), 3.71 (m, 1H), 4.11 (m, 2H), 7.18 (m, 1H), 7.45 (m, 1H), ); 8.41 (m, 2H). (25) -N- (α-toluenesulfonyl) pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 3- (3-pyridyl) -1-propyl ester (4) A solution of pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate was treated of 3- (3-pyridyl) -1-propyl (200 mg, 0.9 mmol) and a-toluenesulfonyl chloride (160 mg, 0.9 mmol) in
• methylene (20 mL) with triethylamine (90 mg, 0.9 mmol) and
stirred for 2 hours at room temperature. The reaction mixture was filtered to remove the solids and applied directly to a column of silica gel, eluting with 50% ethyl acetate in hexane, to obtain 150 mg (43%) of Compound 4 (Table I) as a clear oil. 1 H NMR (300 f 10 MHz, CDC13): d 1.81-1.85 (m, 2H); 1.95-2.02 (m, 3H); 2.10- 2.25 (m, 1H); 2.69-2.74 (t, 2H); 2.85-2.97 (m, 1H); 3.24-3.27 (m, 1H); 4.16-4.20 (m, 2H); 4.29 (d, 1H); 4.34 (m, 1H); 4.45 (d, 1H); 7.20-7.25 (m, 1H); 7.35 (m, 3H); 7.49-7.52 (m, 3H); 8 4 6 (s, 2H). Analysis if calculated for C20H24N2O3S: C, 61. 83; H,
6.23; N, 7.21. Found: C, 61.59; H, 6.24; N, 7.17. EXAMPLE 2 Synthesis of 1- (α-tolylsulfonyl) -2-pipecolinate of methyl 4-phenyl-1-butyl (7) 1- (α-tolylsulfonyl) -2-pipecolinate 20 It was added to a solution of methylpipecolinate hydrochloride (1.79 g, 10 mmol) and triethylamine (1.01 g, 10 mmol) in dry methylene chloride (20 mL) a-toluenesulfonyl chloride (1.9 g, 10 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight and then concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified on a column of silica gel, eluting with ethyl acetate, to provide 2.20 g (74%) of the product as an oil which
• solidified to be permanent. 1 H NMR (CDC13, 300 MHz): d 5 1.26-1.71 (m, 5H); 2.15 (d, 1H, J = 14.4); 3.17 (dt, 1H); 3.45 (d, 1H, J = 12.6); 3.78 (s, 3H); 4.28 (s, 2H); 4.58 (m, 1H); 7.26-7.48 (m, 5H). N- (α-tolylsulfonyl) -2-pipecolic acid 1- (methyl-2- (a-tolylsulfonyl) -2-pipecolinate (2.0 g, 6.72 mmol) in ethanol (25 mL) was dissolved and treated with
mL of lithium hydroxide IN. The mixture was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature, then it was diluted with ethyl acetate (200 mL) and made acidic (pH 2) with 1 N HCl. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and dried.
Magnesium, and concentrated to obtain 1.90 g (100%) of the acid as a white solid. 1- (a-tolylsulfonyl) -2-pipecolinate of 4-phenyl-1-butyl (7) jH A solution of N- (α-tolylsulfonyl) -2-pipecolic acid (400 g) was stirred overnight at room temperature.
mg; 1.41 mmol), dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (312 mg, 1.5 mmol), dimethylaminopyridine (7 mg) and 4-phenyl-1-butanol (240 mg, 1.60 mmol) in 100 mL of methylene chloride. The mixture was filtered through Celite, concentrated and purified on a column of silica gel eluting with 25% ethyl acetate in hexane to obtain 380 mg (48%) of Compound 7 (Table I) as an oil. clear lti NMR (CDC13, 300 MHz): d 1.10-1.69 (m, 5H); 1.70 (tt, 4H, J = 6.1, 6.6); 2.15 (m, 1H);
• 2.66 (t, 2H, j = 6.6); 3.16 (m, 1H); 3.45 (m, 1H); 4.19 (t, 5 2H, J = 6.1); 4.28 (s, 2H); 4.58 (, 1H); 7.18-7.47 (m, 10H). Analysis calculated for C3H2gN04S: C, 66.48; H, 7.03; N, 3.37. Found: C, 66.34; H, 7.06; N, 3.41. EXAMPLE 3 Synthesis of N- (α-toluenesulfonyl) pipelcolate of 1,5-diphenyl--α-10-pentyl (2) 3-phenyl-1-propanal Oxalyl chloride (2.90 g, 2.29 g) was cooled to -78 ° C. mmoles) in methylene chloride (50 mL), treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (3.4 mL) in 10 mL of methylene chloride.
After stirring for 5 minutes, 3-phenyl-1-propanol (2.72 g, 20 mmol) in 20 mL of methylene chloride were added, and the resulting mixture was stirred at -78 ° C for 15 minutes, wR treated with 14 mL of triethylamine, stirred an additional 15 minutes, and it was evacuated in 100 mL of water. The layers are
After separation, the organic phase was dried and concentrated, and the unpurified residue was purified on a column of silica gel, eluting with 10% ethyl acetate in hexane, to obtain 1.27 g (47%) of the aldehyde as a clear oil. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13): d 2.80 (m, 2H); 2.98 (m, 2H); 7.27 (m, 5H); 9.81 (s, 1H). 1, 5-Diphenyl-3-pentanol • A solution of 2- (bromoethyl) benzene 5 (1.73 g, 9.33 mmol) in diethyl ether (10 mL) was added to a stirred mixture of magnesium curves (250 mg).; 10.18 mmoles) in 5 mL of ether. The reaction was started with a hot gun, and after the addition was complete, the mixture was heated in an oil bath for 30 minutes. 3-phenyl-1-jj ^ 10 propanal (1.25 g, 9.33 mmol) in 10 mL of ether was added and the reflux was continued for 1 hour. The reaction was cooled and quenched with saturated ammonium chloride, extracted into 2x ethyl acetate, and the combined organic portions were dried and concentrated. Chromatographic purification on a column of silica gel (10% ethyl acetate in hexane) provided 1.42 g (63%) of the diphenyl alcohol. H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13): d 1.84 (m, 4H); 2.61-2.76 (m, 4H); 3.65 (m, 1H); f 7.19-7.29 (m, 10H). N- (α-toluenesulfonyl) p-1,5-diphenyl 1-3-pentyl-phenyl ester (2) A mixture of N- (α-tolylsulfonyl) -2-pipecolic acid (380 mg; 1.34 mmole), 1,5-diphenyl-3-pentanol (485 mg, 2.01 mmol), dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (445 mg, 2.15 mmol), camphorsulfonic acid (105 mg, 0.45 mmol) and dimethylaminopyridine (55 mg, 0.45 mmol) in 20 mL of methylene chloride. The mixture was filtered through Celite, concentrated and purified on a column of silica gel, eluting with 15% of
• ethyl acetate in hexane, to obtain 270 mg (40%) of Compound 2 (Table I) as a clear oil. LH NMR (CDC13, 300 MHz): d 0.80 (m, 4H); 1.23-1.97 (m, 5H); 2.L5 (d, 1H); 2.61- 2.69 (m, 4H); 3.23 (m, 1H); 3.44 (dm, 1H); 4.27 (s, 2H); 4.53 (d, 1H, J = 4.5); 5.06 (m, 1H); 7.16-7.34 (m, 15H). Analysis calculated for C3oH35N? S: C, 71.26; H, 6.98; N, 2.77. 10 Found: C, 72.82; H, 7.17; N, 2.53. Example 4 In Vivo Hair Generation Tests With 6 C57 Black Mice Experiment A: 6 C57 black mice were used
to demonstrate the hair revitalization properties of FKBP neuro-immunophilin ligands related to GPI 1044, GPI 1116 and GPI 1102. The 6 black C57 mice, approximately 7 weeks old, had an area of
• Approximately 2 inches by 2 inches in your butts
shaves to remove all existing hair. Care was not taken to cut or cause abrasion to the underlying dermal layers. The animals were in an anagen growth phase, as indicated by the pinkish color of the skin. Referring now to FIGURES 1, 2, 3 and 4, four
*, Z! k * animals were treated by topical administration with 20% propylene glycol vehicle (FIGURE 1), and, for each compound, seven animals were treated by administration
• topical with, respectively, 10 μM of GPI 1044 (FIGURE 2), 10 5 μM of GPI 1116 (FIGURE 3) or 3 μM of GPI 1102 (FIGURE 4). Animals were treated with vehicle, GPI 1044, GPI 1116, or GPI 1102 for 48 hours (3 total applications during the course of 5 days) and hair growth was allowed to proceed for 6 weeks. Hair growth was quantified
per percent of the shaving area covered by the
• new hair growth during this period of time. FIGURE 1 shows that animals treated with vehicle exhibited only a small amount of hair growth in patches or tufts, with less than 3%
of the shaved area covered with new growth. In contrast, FIGURES 2, 3 and 4 show that animals treated with the related immunophilin FKBP ligands, 10 μM GPI 1044, 10 μM GPI 1116, and 3 μM GPI 1102, exhibited
• dramatic hair growth, covering much more than 50%
of the shaved area in some animals. FIGURE 5 compares the hair growth result of unshaven, vehicle treated, GPI 1044 (1 μM, 3 μM and 10 μM), GPI 1116 (1 μM and 10 μM), and GPI 1102 (1 μM and 3 μM, Experiment B: 6 C57 black mice were used
to demonstrate the hair revitalization properties of FKBP neuroimmunophilin ligands, including GPI 1206. 6 C57 black mice, 55 to 75 days old, had an area of approximately 2 inches by 2 inches in their
• shaved backs to remove all existing hair. Care was not taken to cut or cause abrasion to the underlying dermal layers. The animals were in an anagen growth phase when they shaved. Five animals per group were treated by topical administration with a vehicle, FK506, or a neuroinmunophilin ligand FKBP (GPI)
1116 or 1206) at a concentration of one micromole per milliliter
• to the shaved area. The animals were treated three times a week, and the hair growth was evaluated 14 days after starting the treatment. Hair growth was quantified by the percent of the shaved area covered by
growth of new hair, as classified by an observer, on a scale of 0 (no growth) to five (full regrowth of the hair in the shaved area). Figure 6 shows that after 14 days, the
• animals treated with vehicle exhibited the origin of the
growth in small tufts. In contrast, animals treated with one of the FKBP neuroinmunophilin ligands, GPI 1206, exhibited dramatic hair growth. Example 5 A lotion comprising the
next composition.
•
95% of ethanol was added to a small molecule of
• sulfonamide, a-tocopherol acetate, ethylene oxide (40 moles) customary castor oil adducts, perfume and a dye. The resulting mixture was stirred and dissolved, and the purified water was added to the mixture to obtain a clear liquid lotion. 5 ml of the lotion can be applied once or twice a day to a site marked by baldness or alopecia. Example 6 • A lotion comprising the following composition shown can be prepared. (%) 95% ethanol 80.0 a small sulfonamide molecule as defined above 0.005 Hinokitol 0.01 Ethylene oxide adducts (40 moles) of hardened 0.5 castor oil • Purified water 19.0 Perfume and dye q.s. 95% ethanol was added to a small molecule of sulfonamide, hinokitol, ethylene oxide (40 moles), hardened castor oil adducts, perfume and a dye. The resulting mixture is stirred, and the purified water is added to the mixture to obtain a clear liquid lotion. • The lotion can be applied by spraying once to 4 times a day to a site marked by baldness or alopecia. Example 7 An emulsion can be prepared from the
phase A and phase B having the following compositions.
•
• Phase A and phase B were respectively heated and melted and maintained at 80 ° C. Both phases were then mixed and cooled under stirring at normal temperature to obtain an emulsion. The emulsion can be applied by spraying once to four times a day to a site marked by baldness or alopecia. Example 8 A cream can be prepared from phase A
and phase B having the following compositions.
•
•
Phase A was heated and melted, and maintained at 70 ° C. Phase B was added in phase A and the mixture was stirred to obtain an emulsion. The emulsion was then cooled to obtain a cream. The cream can be applied once to 4 times per
• day to a site marked by baldness or alopecia. Example 9 A liquid comprising the following composition can be prepared.
•
Polyoxypropylene butyl ether, propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene hardened castor oil, a small molecule of sulfonamide, and ethanol were added in ethanol.
• fragrance. The resulting mixture was stirred, and water was added to the mixture to obtain a liquid. The liquid can be applied one to four times a day to a site marked by baldness or alopecia. Example 10 A shampoo comprising the
next composition. •
In 69.7 of purified water were added 5.0 g of sodium lauryl sulfate, 5.0 g of triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, 6.0 g of betaine lauryldimethylaminoacetate. Then, a mixture was obtained by adding 5.0 g of a small molecule of sulfonamide, 5.0 g of polyethylene glycol and 2.0 g of ethylene glycol distearate to 2.0 g of ethanol, followed by stirring, and 0.3 g of perfume were added successively. The resulting mixture was heated and subsequently cooled to obtain a shampoo. The shampoo can be used on the scalp once or twice a day. Example 11 10 A patient suffering from alopecia senilis. A
# Small molecule of sulfonamide as identified above, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, can be administered to the patient. Increased hair growth is expected to occur following the treatment. Example 12 A patient suffering from male alopecia. A small molecule of sulfonamide as identified
• above, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising same, can be administered to the patient. Increased hair growth is expected to occur following the treatment. Example 13 A patient suffering from alopecia areata. A small molecule of sulfonamide as identified above, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, can be administered to the patient. Increased hair growth is expected to occur following the
• treatment. Example 14 A patient suffering from hair loss caused by skin lesions. A small sulfonamide molecule as identified above, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, can be administered
to the patient. Increased hair growth is expected
• What happens following the treatment. Example 15 A patient suffering from hair loss caused by tumors. A small molecule of sulfonamide as
identified above, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, can be administered to the patient. Increased hair growth is expected to occur following the treatment. • Example 16 A patient suffering from hair loss caused by a systemic disorder, such as nutritional disorder or an internal secretion disorder. A small sulfonamide molecule as identified above, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, may be
administered to the patient. Increased hair growth is expected to occur following the treatment. Example 17 A patient suffering from provoked hair loss
• by chemotherapy. A small molecule of sulfonamide as identified above, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, can be administered to the patient. Increased hair growth is expected to occur following the treatment. Example 18 10 A patient suffering from provoked hair loss
• by radiation. A small sulfonamide molecule as identified above, or a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same, may be administered to the patient. Increased hair growth is expected to occur 15 following the treatment. The invention, which is described in this way, will be obvious, since it can be varied in many ways. Such variations are not contemplated as a deviation
• the spirit and scope of the invention and all of such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (6)
- A compound of the formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: • A is CH 2, O, NH or N- (C 1 -C 4 alkyl); B and D are independently Ar, hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cβ, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl is substituted or unsubstituted with cycloalkyl of Cs-C7, cycloalkenyl of Cs-C7 or Ar, and where one or two atoms of 10 carbon of the alkyl or alkenyl can be substituted with • one or two heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of O, S, SO and S02 in chemically reasonable parent substitution, or • wherein Q is hydrogen, straight chain alkyl or Branched of Ci-Cg, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, and T is Ar or C5-C7 cycloalkyl substituted at positions 3 and 4 with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, 0- (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), 0- (C 2 -C 4 alkenyl), and carbonyl; with the proviso that B and D are not hydrogen; • Ar is selected from the group consisting of 5 phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic ring systems with ring sizes Individuals being 5 or 6 which contain in either both rings a total of 1-4 selected heteroatoms > ^ b 10 independently from the group consisting of 0, N, and S; wherein Ar contains 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, straight or branched chain alkyl of C 1 -C 15, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C 2 - C6, 0- (straight or branched chain alkyl of C1-C4), 0- (straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4), 0-benzyl, O-phenyl, 1, 2-methylenedioxy, amino, carboxyl and phenyl; E is straight or branched chain alkyl of 20 C? -C6, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C-C6, cycloalkyl of C5-C7, cycloalkenyl of C5-C7 substituted with straight or branched chain alkyl of CL-C4 straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4 (C2-C4 alkyl or C2-C4 alkenyl) -Ar or Ar; J is hydrogen, Ci or C2 alkyl, or benzyl; K is straight or branched chain alkyl of C 1 -C 4, benzyl, or cyclohexylmethyl; or J and K are taken together to form a • 5-7 membered heterocyclic ring which is substituted with 0, 5, SO, or S02; n is 0 to 3; and the stereochemistry at the carbon 1 and 2 positions is R or S. 7. The method of compliance with the claim 10 6, characterized in that J and K are taken together and the compound • is represented by formula II or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein n is 1 or 2; Y
- The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: B is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, benzyl, 2-phenylethyl and 3-phenylpropyl; D is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 3-phenoxyphenyl, and 4-phenoxyphenyl; and E is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 2-thienyl, 2,4,6-10-triisopropylphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 2- • methoxyphenyl, 3, 5 -dimethoxyphenyl, 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl, methyl, 1-naphthyl, 8-quinolyl, 1- (5-N, -dimethylamino) -naphthyl, 4-iodophenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, benzyl, 4- nitrophenyl, 2-nitrophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, and E-styrynyl. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the small sulfonamide molecule is a compound of the formula III: • III or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: B and D are independently Ar, hydrogen, alkyl • straight or branched chain of Ci-Ce, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl is substituted or unsubstituted with cycloalkyl of Cs-C7, cycloalkenyl of Cs-C7 or Ar, and wherein one or two carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl may be substituted with one or two heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of 0, S, SO, and SO2 in patterns • chemically reasonable substitution, or wherein Q is hydrogen, straight chain alkyl or • branched Ci-Cß, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, and 15T is Ar or Cs-C7 cycloalkyl substituted at positions 3 and 4 with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of of hydrogen, hydroxy, 0- (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), 0- (C 2 -C 4 alkenyl), and carbonyl; with the proviso that B and D are not hydrogen; • Ar is selected from the group consisting of 5-phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl,
- 3-thienyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl,
- 4-pyridyl, monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic ring systems with individual ring sizes being 5 or 6 which contain in both rings a total of 1-4 selected heteroatoms 10 independently from the group consisting of 0, N, and S; wherein Ar contains 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, straight or branched chain alkyl of C? 15C, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, 0- (straight or branched chain alkyl of C1-C4), 0- (straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4), 0-benzyl, O- phenyl, IB 1, 2-methylenedioxy, amino, carboxyl and phenyl; E is straight or branched chain alkyl of 20 C? -C6, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, cycloalkyl of C
- 5-C7, cycloalkenyl of C5-C7 substituted with straight or branched chain alkyl of C1-C4 straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2 ~ C4 (C2-C4 alkyl or C2-C4 alkenyl) -Ar or Ar; Y -ito * -m is O to 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the small sulfonamide molecule is a compound of the formula IV or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: B and D are independently Ar, hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cß, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl is substituted or unsubstituted with C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkenyl or Ar, and wherein one or two carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl may be substituted with one or two heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of , S, SO, and S02 in chemically reasonable substitution patterns, or wherein Q is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cß, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, and T is Ar or cycloalkyl of C5-C7 substituted in the 5 positions 3 and 4 with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of • hydrogen, hydroxy, 0- (C? -C alkyl), 0- (C2-C4 alkenyl), and carbonyl; with the proviso that B and D are not hydrogen; Ar is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, of monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic ring with individual ring sizes being 5 or 6 which contain in • 15 both rings are a total of 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from the group coasiste of 0, N, and S; wherein Ar contains 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, Trifluoromethoxy, straight or branched chain alkyl of C? E, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-Cd, 0- (straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C4), O- (straight-chain alkenyl or branched C2-C4), O-benzyl, O-phenyl, • 1,2-methylenedioxy, amino, carboxyl and phenyl; E is straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C6, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, cycloalkyl of C-C7, cycloalkenyl of Cs-C7 substituted with straight or branched chain alkyl of C1-C4, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4 (C2-C4 alkyl or C2-C4 alkenyl) -Ar or Ar; and • m is 0 to 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the small sulfonamide molecule is a compound of the formula V Or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or solvate thereof, wherein: V is C, N, or S; J and K, taken together with V and the carbon atom to which they are respectively attached, from a saturated or unsaturated 5-7 membered heterocyclic ring that • contains, in addition to V, one or more heteroatoms 5 selected from the group consisting of 0, S, SO, S02, N, NH, and NR; R is either straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cg, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-Cg, cycloalkyl of C3-C9, cycloalkenyl of C5-C7, or Ari, wherein 10 R is either substituted or unsubstituted with one or more • substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, haloalkyl, carbonyl, carboxy, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cg, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, C 1 -C alkoxy, C 2 -C 4 alkenyloxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, thioalkyl, alkylthio, sulfhydryl, amino, alkylamino, aminoalkyl, aminocarboxyl and Ar 2; Ari and Ar2 are independently an alicyclic or aromatic, mono-, bi- or tricyclic, carbo- or Heterocyclic; wherein the size of the individual ring is 5-8 members; wherein the heterocyclic ring contains 1-6 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of 0, N and S; A, B, D, E and n are in accordance with claim 6 above. 12. A pharmaceutical composition characterized in that it comprises: (i) an effective amount of a small sulfonamide molecule to treat alopecia or to cause hair growth in an animal; and (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 13. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the molecule • Sulfonamide small has an affinity for an FKBP type immunophilin. 14. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 13, characterized in that the immunophilin 15 of the FKBP type is FKBP-12. 15. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the small sulfonamide molecule is immunosuppressive. • 16. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the small sulfonamide molecule is not immunosuppressive. 17. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the small sulfonamide molecule is a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: A is CH2, O, NH or N- (alkyl of C1-C4); • B and D are independently Ar, hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cß, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl is substituted or unsubstituted with C5-C7 cycloalkyl , C5-C7 cycloalkenyl or Ar, and wherein one or two carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl may be substituted with 10 one or two heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of O, S, SO, and S02 in standards • chemically reasonable substitution, or wherein Q is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Ce, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, and • T is Ar or C5-C7 cycloalkyl substituted in the 5 positions 3 and 4 with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, 0- (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), 0- (C 2 -C 4 alkenyl), and carbonyl; with the proviso that B and D are not hydrogen; Eq. 10 Ar is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic ring systems with individual ring sizes being 5 or 6 which contain in either both rings a total of 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of 0, N, and S; wherein Ar contains 1-3 selected substituents -H.H} independently from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, straight or branched chain alkyl of C-Ce, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, 0- (straight chain alkyl) or branched C1-C4), 0- (straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4), 0-benzyl, O-phenyl, 1,2-methylenedioxy, amino, carboxyl and phenyl; m _ ^ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ^ _ ^ -__ _-_ m ^ _- E is a straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cß, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, cycloalkyl of C5 -C7, C5-C7 cycloalkenyl substituted with straight or branched chain alkyl of C1-C4, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4 (C2-C4 alkyl or C2-C4 alkenyl) -Ar or Ar; and J is hydrogen, Ci or C2 alkyl, or benzyl; K is straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C4, benzyl, or cyclohexylmethyl; or J and K are taken together to form a 10 5-7 membered heterocyclic ring which is substituted with O, • S, SO, or S02; n is 0 to 3; and the stereochemistry at the carbon 1 and 2 positions is R or S. 18. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 17, characterized in that J and K are taken together and the compound is represented by formula II where n e s 1 or 2; and m is 0 or 1. • 19. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 16, characterized in that: B is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, benzyl, 2-phenylethyl and 3-phenylpropyl; D is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 3-phenoxyphenyl, and 4-phenoxyphenyl; and E is selected from the group consisting of P phenyl, 4-methylphenyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 2-thienyl, 2,4,
- 6-triisopropylphenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 2-methoxyphenyl, 3, 5 -dimethoxyphenyl, 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl, methyl, 1-naphthyl, 8-quinolyl, 1- (5-N, N-dimethylamino) -5-naphthyl, 4-iodophenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl, benzyl, 4- nitrophenyl, 2-nitrophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, and E-styrynyl. 20. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the molecule • small sulfonamide is a compound of formula III ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ JE ^^^^ - ^ - ^^, i - i iinii i ir ,, i, p ni - iMiftt 1 ftt -mir mm or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: B and D are independently Ar, hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cß, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl is substituted or unsubstituted with C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkenyl or Ar, and wherein one or two carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl may be substituted with • 10 one or two heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of 0, S, SO, and S02 in chemically reasonable substitution patterns, or u ^ HÜÜt ^^^ Mi where Q is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cß, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, and • T is Ar or C5-C7 cycloalkyl substituted at the 5 positions 3 and 4 with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, 0- (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), 0-1 C 2 -C 4 alkenyl), and carbonyl; with the proviso that B and D are not hydrogen; 10 Ar is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, -pyridyl, monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic ring systems with individual ring sizes being 5 or 6 which contain in both rings a total of 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of 0, N, and S; wherein Ar contains 1-3 substituents selected mm independently from the group consisting of hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, straight or branched chain alkyl of C? ~ C ?, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, 0- (straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C4), 0- (straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4), 0-benzyl, O-phenyl, 1,2-methylenedioxy, amino, carboxyl and phenyl; ÜfiÉülilgtt "-« - - • * • * - ** E is a straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Ce, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-Cd, cycloalkyl of C5-C7, cycloalkenyl of C5-C7 substituted with • straight or branched chain alkyl of C 1 -C 4, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C 2 -C 4 (C 2 -C 4 alkyl or C 2 -C 4 alkenyl) -Ar or Ar; and m is 0 to 3. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the molecule Small sulfonamide is a compound of formula IV • • or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: B and D are independently Ar, hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C6, or chain alkenyl Linear or branched C2-Cd, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl is substituted or unsubstituted with C5-C7 cycloalkyl, C5-C7 cycloalkenyl or Ar, and wherein one or two carbon atoms of the alkyl or alkenyl may be substituted with one or two heteroatoms independently selected from • start from the group consisting of O, S, SO, and S02 in chemically reasonable substitution patterns, or wherein Q is hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cß, or straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, and T is Ar or C5-C7 cycloalkyl substituted at the 10 positions 3 and 4 with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, O- (C 1 -C 4 alkyl), C 2 -C 4 O-phenykenyl), and carbonyl; with the proviso that B and D are not hydrogen; • Ar is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 2-furyl, 3-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic ring systems with individual ring sizes being 5 or 6 which contain in both 20 and both rings a total of 1-4 selected heteroatoms _y __, __ * __ i __ * ¡i_t_¡_i_t _? _ í__ _ independently from the group consisting of 0, N, and S; wherein Ar contains 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of • hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, straight or branched chain alkyl of C? -C6, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C-Cg, 0- (straight or branched chain alkyl of C? - C4), 0- (straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4), 0-benzyl, O-phenyl, 1,2-methylenedioxy, amino, carboxyl and phenyl; • E is a straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cβ, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, cycloalkyl of C5-C, cycloalkenyl of C5-C7 substituted with straight or branched chain alkyl of C1.-C4, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C4 (C2-C4 alkyl or C2-C alkenyl) -Ar or Ar; and m is 0 to 3. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the small sulfonamide molecule is a compound of the formula V sfefc * or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester, or solvate thereof, wherein: V is C, N, or S; • J and K, taken together with V and the carbon atom 5 to which they are respectively attached, from a 5-7 membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic ring containing, in addition to V, one or more heteroatoms selected from from the group consisting of 0, S, SO, S02, N, NH, and NR; R is either straight or branched chain alkyl • Ci-Cg, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-Cg, C3-Cg cycloalkyl, Cs-C cycloalkenyl, or Ari, wherein R is either substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group group that 15 consists of halo, haloalkyl, carbonyl, carboxy, hydroxy, nitro, trifluoromethyl, straight or branched chain alkyl of Ci-Cd, straight or branched chain alkenyl of C2-C6, alkoxy of C1-C4, alkenyloxy of C2-C4 , phenoxy, benzyloxy, • thioalkyl, alkylthio, sulfhydryl, amino, alkylamino, 20 aminoalkyl, aminocarboxyl and Ar2, "Ari and Ar2 are independently an alicyclic or aromatic, mono-, bi- or tricyclic, carbo- or heterocyclic ring, wherein the size of the single ring is 5-8 members, wherein the ring heterocyclic contains 1-6 25 heteroatoms independently selected from the group consisting of 0, N and S; A, B, D, E and n are as defined in claim 17 above. • •
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MXPA00012011A true MXPA00012011A (en) | 2002-07-25 |
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