MXPA00006917A - Insulating thermoacoustic wallboard - Google Patents

Abstract

The insulating thermoacoustic wallboard, as well as its production process, belongs to the technical field of the compound materials destined to the construction industry, whose characteristics are its low thermal conductivity , its great mechanical resistance, its impact absorption capacity and its low cost of production. It uses as main raw material the recycling of one hundred per cent of the wasted cardboard package which is generally used as container of wine, milk, juice and other processed food. It is basically composed of 70 to 75 per cent of a cellulose body, of 0 to 5 per cent of an interior aluminum film and covered in the interior and exterior by 25 to 30 per cent of a polyethylene fine foil;the board composition mentioned before may vary measurably in its percentages without affecting the invention. The advantage of the board is that for its elaboration it is used as raw material the recycling of the packaging elements which currently constitute a source of constant pollution. The process consists in using the packages components, washing them, separating them from strange elements and crushing them into particles, forming a bed which is placed in a static or continuous press, and upon different pressures and temperatures to obtain the required product. It can be reinforced with vegetal, mineral or synthetic fibers.

Description

THERMOPHUSTIC INSULATING AGGLOMERATED BOARD 1. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION. The agglomerated thermoacoustic insulation board, as well as its production process, are included within the technical field of composite materials intended for the construction industry. 2. STATE OF THE ART Within the background relating to the aforementioned invention, there are the numerous heat insulating materials presently on the market, formed mainly on the basis of certain types of foamed plastics, such as polyurethane foam which encapsulates a gas (f eon) that it forms a cell and controls the different densities that are used according to the specific requirements for domestic and industrial uses. Another type of polymer used as a thermal insulator is polyethylene in the form of a foamed plate. Other products of mineral origin are also used, such as wool or rock fiber, asbestos or asbestos, fiberglass, which are used for high temperatures, or panels based on gypsum-paper. 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION. The present invention consists of an agglomerated thermoacoustic insulation board for the use of the construction industry in general, which has the characteristic of being of low thermal conductivity and high acoustic reflectance, of great mechanical resistance, with absorption capacity to impact and of low cost for its production, which uses as the main raw material and matrix the total composition of the discarded multilaminated cardboard container that is generally used as a container for dairy products, wines, feta juices and other processed foods, or liquid cleaning products as softeners, detergents or soaps, and which is composed basically of 70 to 75% of a cellulose body, of 0 to 5% of an inner film 5 of aluminum and 20% of very thin inner and outer sheets of polyethylene, where the compositions of the aforementioned packages can vary appreciably without affecting the invention. The board may include reinforcing elements such as vegetable, mineral or synthetic fibers, or mineral fillers, up to 30% of the total mixture. o The advantages of the agglomerated thermoacoustic insulation board and its manufacturing process in relation to the other insulators, consist, first of all, in its characteristics of low thermal conductivity and high acoustic reflectance, its great mechanical resistance and its great absorption capacity at impact , superior to its counterparts, the agglomerated boards of 5 wood particles. Another advantage is its low production cost, since it is essentially made from raw material until now considered as waste, and which today represents a serious problem of environmental contamination, due to the high volumes that its use has generated and the unattainability of reusing its components. The invention is then highly profitable for applications or industrial, because the other insulators in general are high cost, sometimes exceeding the materials to be isolated, but which were indispensable because of the energy saving benefits they represented and the need to control the temperature . This invention comes to give a solution to this problem, allowing the use of the aforementioned raw material to create an agglomerate board 5 thermoacoustic insulation of low cost.

One of the advantages, as already mentioned, consists in the great mechanical resistance of the invention that allows the use of nails, screws, rivets, cutting with any type of manual or mechanical saw, manual or mechanical sanding, behaving in general as a wood material in its use. The finishes you can have are varied, such as varnishes, paints, textures, outer sheets of coated paper or formica, or other similar materials. Also, due to its characteristics, the board can be dimensioned as a standard plate of 1.22 by 2.44 meters, commercial measures that respond to a framework of use in the construction industry worldwide, indicating its use in the construction of interior divisions of houses and buildings, either in the form of a double-walled structure, with thicknesses of 19 millimeters or more, or from a single plate. Finally, this invention also has an important and important advantage over the recycling systems of insulating systems that are made of cellulose and polymers, since the production process of the thermoacoustic insulating board is not necessary to separate the cellulose from polyethylene and aluminum , which make up this multilaminated container used as raw material, which makes the production process significantly reduce its cost. In the production process of the thermoacoustic insulating agglomerate board, a mixture composed of a minimum of 70% of the total components of the multilaminated carton packs is used, which are subjected to a process of separation of foreign elements and washing of their waste, and up to 30% of reinforcing elements, such as vegetable, mineral or synthetic fibers, and mineral fillers. Subsequently, the containers are crushed in a knife mill until they are converted into particles whose size varies between 1 and 20 millimeters, approximately. After this first stage, we proceed to the conformation of a mattress, which can be a process of compression molding, either in a static press, or else, a continuous press. When the composition of the material includes reinforcing or filling elements, these are distributed homogeneously between the particles of different sizes of the milled material of the multilaminated containers. These fibers do not exceed the length of 1 to 10 mm and may be of vegetable origin, such as jute, henequen, lechuguilla, sisal, formium, ramie, hemp, kenaf, flax, cotton or other similar; or they can be of mineral origin such as fiberglass, rock wool, or synthetic fibers such as nylon, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, tediar or other similar. The mineral fillers can be calcium carbonate, talc, kaolin, mica, sands or other similar. In the first case, that is, when the mattress is subjected to a static press, the larger particles are distributed in proportions controlled with respect to the smaller particles to prevent areas of greater density that would affect the uniformity of the mechanical properties of the board. . In the next step, this mattress, perfectly distributed in its weight and size of different particles, is placed in a press. The material is distributed homogeneously in a mold with the shape of the board. The mold is closed and placed in the previously hot press, where it is subjected to a temperature between 100 ° C and 200 ° C for a time of between 2 and 20 minutes, applying a pressure between 3.5 and 60 kg / cm2. Finally, the board cools in the same mold for a time of between 2 and 10 minutes. In the second case, when the mattress is subjected to a continuous press, the same mattress, forming a regulated mixture of particles of different sizes, is placed on the endless conveyor belt, initiating in the press the heating process from a temperature of 100 to 200 ° C for a time of 2 to 20 minutes, always continuing in the same press until the cooling zone, in which the inner mass of the board reaches room temperature, to then proceed to cut it transversely to the desired length, according to the user's requirements. Finally, we can say that the best known process to obtain this new board is the one described above, where the particular conditions of pressing are the following: when the static press is used, the mold, containing the already formed particle mattress, is heat at a temperature between 102 ° C and 180 ° C, for a time of between 2 and 4 minutes applying a pressure between 3.5 and 10 kg / cm2, later the board is cooled in the same mold for a time between 5 and 7 minutes; and when continuous press is used, the mattress, confonning a regulated mixture of particles of different sizes, is placed on the endless conveyor belt, initiating in the press the heating process from a temperature of 180 ° C for a time of 2 to 4 minutes, always continuing in the same press until the cooling zone, in which the internal mass of the board reaches the ambient temperature, and then proceed to cut it transversely to the desired length, according to the user's requirements. The static press and continuous press equipment are the most suitable to obtain a strong board, well compacted and finished in one or two of its faces when its application requires it. 4. BRIEF DESCRPTION OF THE FIGURES. FIG. 1 shows the process of production of thermoacoustic insulating agglomerated boards using a static press as compression molding equipment. This figure shows the stages and equipment that make up this process: the equipment that tears the containers A, the pond B where the foreign materials, such as stones or metals, are separated by flotation, the hot air oven C that extracts the water and final moisture of the pieces, the grinder mill D, the mattress former E, the static press F, the degassing table G, and the front loader H that stores the plates for dispatch or immediate storage. This process of static production is preferred when it comes to producing parts with figures in low or high relief, such as interior doors or walls of separation to two plates that will then be joined in the opposite direction. FIG. 2 shows the production process of agglomerated boards 5 thermoacoustic insulators using as compression molding equipment a continuous press. In the aforementioned figure the stages and equipment that make up this process are indicated: the equipment that relieves containers A, pond B where foreign materials, such as stones or metals, are separated by flotation, the hot air oven C that extracts the water and final moisture of the pieces, the grinder mill D, the cushion mattress E, the continuous press 1 where the continuous production process is carried out where a double band exerts constant pressure and controlled temperature for 3 to 5 minutes until the zone of gradual cooling, the table of discharge G, and the frontal loader H that stores the plates for immediate dispatch to cellar.

. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT. The best known process for obtaining this new board is that described earlier where the described compression molding equipment, static press and continuous press, where the particular conditions of pressing are the following when the mold press is used, containing the mattress of particles already prepared, is heated to a temperature between 102 ° C and 180 ° C, for a time of between 2 and 4 minutes applying a pressure between 3.5 and 10 kg / cm2, posterionriente the board is cooled in the same mold by a time of 5 and 7 minutes; and when continuous press is used, the mattress, forming a regulated mixture of particles of different sizes, is placed on the endless conveyor belt, initiating in the press the heating process from a temperature of 180 ° C for a time of 2 to 4 minutes, always continuing in the same press until the cooling zone, in which the internal mass of the board reaches the ambient temperature, to then proceed to cut it transversely to the desired length, according to the requirements of the user. The static press equipment and continuous press are the most suitable to obtain a strong board, well compacted and finished in one or two of its faces when its application requires it. Between these two variants, the process that uses a continuous press as a press equipment is considered more economical for the production of boards, due to its continuous movement and better control of its process parameters, controlled by a computerized system.

Claims (1)

1. CLAIMS An agglomerated sound insulation board characterized by being composed of a minimum of 70% of the total components of multilaminated carton packs containing 70 to 75% cellulose, 0 to 5% aluminum and 25 to 30% polyethylene, where this composition can vary without affecting the invention, and a maximum of 30% of reinforcing elements and mineral fillers, where • the reinforcing elements are natural fibers in lengths of 1 to 10 mm or more, such as jute, henequen, lechuguilla, sisal, formium, ramie, hemp, kenaf, flax, cotton or the like; synthetic fibers in lengths of 1 to 10 mm or more such as nylon, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, tedium or similar, or mineral fibers in lengths of 1 to 10 mm or more, such as glass, stone wool or similar, and where the mineral fillers are calcium carbonate, talc, kaolin, mica, sands or other similar, with particle sizes from 5 nm to 250 microns. The agglomerated thermoacoustic insulation board of claim 1 characterized in that the compositions of its components are: 70 to 75% of cellulose, 25 to 30% of polyethylene and 0 to 5% of aluminum. The agglomerated thermoacoustic insulation board of claim 1 characterized in that the polyethylene is low density polyethylene. The agglomerated soundproofing board of claim 1 characterized in that the reinforcing element is constituted by natural fibers of jute, henequen, lechuguilla, sisal, fonnio, ramio, hemp, kenaf, linen, cotton or other similar, present in lengths from 1 to 10 millimeters or more. The agglomerated thermoacoustic insulation board of claim 1 characterized in that the reinforcing element is constituted by synthetic fibers of nylon, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, tedium or other similar, present in lengths from 1 to 10 millimeters or more. The agglomerated thermoacoustic insulating board of claim 1 wherein the reinforcing element is constituted by mineral fibers of glass, rock wool or other similar, present in lengths from 1 to 10 millimeters or more. The agglomerated thermoacoustic insulation board of claim 1 wherein the mineral filler may be calcium carbonate, talc, kaolin, mica, sands or the like, with particle sizes from 5 nm to 250 microns. The manufacturing process of the thermoacoustic insulating agglomerate board consisting of the following stages: a. In recycling waste containers, generally liquid containers, such as food and cleaning products, composed of 70-75% cellulose, 0 to 5% aluminum and 25 to 30% polyethylene, which are washed and separated of strange elements. b. Later, the containers are crushed into particles of 1 to 20 mm or more. c. With these particles a mattress is formed, where the particles are proportionally distributed according to their size and weight. d. The mattress of particles is then placed in a press, either static or continuous, subjecting it to different pressures and temperatures to obtain the product. and. The process may include reinforcing elements such as vegetable, synthetic or mineral fibers, or filler elements such as mineral fillers. The manufacturing process of the claim 8 characterized in that the compositions of its components are: 70 to 75% of cellulose, 25 a 30% polyethylene and 0 to 5% aluminum. The manufacturing process of the claim 8 characterized in that the polyethylene is low density polyethylene. The manufacturing process of the claim 8 characterized in that the reinforcing element is constituted by natural fibers of jute, henequen, lechuguilla, sisal, fonnio, ramio, hemp, kenaf, linen, cotton or other similar, present in lengths from 1 to 10 millimeters or more. The manufacturing process of the reinvidicación 8 characterized in that the reinforcing element is constituted by synthetic fibers of nylon, polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, tedium or other similar, present in lengths from 1 to 10 millimeters or more. The process of manufacturing of the reinvidicación 8 in which the reinforcing element is constituted by mineral fibers of glass, rock wool or other similar, present in lengths from 1 to 10 millimeters or more. The manufacturing process of claim 8 wherein the mineral filler can be calcium carbonate, talc, kaolin, mica, sands or the like, with particle sizes from 5 nm to 25.0 microns.