MXPA00006808A - Multi-use wire for telecommunications of external plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-use wire for telecommunications of external plant, type (VVDD voice, video, data and distributor which consists of:a core of multi-pair construction, an electromagnetic shielded and protective thermoplastic external cover, characterized for having a core integrated by constructions of insulated electric conductors going from 2 to 600 twisted pairs, formed with a close twisting and reduced in the formation of said pairs;a helicoidally disposed plastic tape;a tape enveloping the joined core;and on top of the enveloping tape of aluminium electromagnetic shielding an external insulating cover with gel fillings.

Description

MULTIPLE USE CABLE PARATELECOMMUNICATIONS OF EXTERNAL PLANT BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention: The present invention relates to the development of external plant cables for use in telecommunications (VVDD) Voice, Video, Data and Distribution. And more specifically with telephone cables with higher bandwidth operation levels, while maintaining the operating frequencies for voice transmission. i Previous Art Description: Currently, telecommunication cables for indoor use constructed of metallic conductors, with polyolefin insulation, assembled in pairs and without shielding that isolate them from electromagnetic interferences: they have had an accelerated development in such a way that today they can operate in frequency ranges up to 250 MHz, as specified in the American standard Nema WC 66-99. The field of application where these cables have been addressed has been mainly to local area networks (RAN), in homes, in departmental buildings or in industrial buildings, public buildings, smart buildings or schools. This growth of local area networks has caused users of digital services such as Internet, video on demand, high-definition television, teleconferencing, voice and fax services, to demand telephone networks that have sufficient capacity to provide these services. with better quality and transmission speeds higher than those currently handled in telephone cables of external plant, which have remained without major technical changes in their requirements.

Innovations are known for cables in telecommunications, for example in Pat. U.S. 5,739,473, a fire retardant telecommunications cable is described for use in office buildings; said cable presents an array of insulated conductors in groups of twisted pairs and the one used in the central group is different from the insulator used in the groups surrounding it, the main feature being the arrangement of its structure and the use of a fluorinated copolymer. In the Pat. U.S. 4,319 071 describes a cable for telephone communication with high multipair with small conductors whose main characteristic is a liquid filling based on waterproof paraffin oils.

- «» "DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Next, the invention is described according to the drawings of figures 1, la., And 2, a 5, and 6a, b, c, wherein: Fig. 1 is a sectional sectional front view showing the different sections that constitute the cable for multiple use for telecommunications of external plant.

Fig. La. It is a sectional view of fig. 1 showing the arrangement of the multi-core construction of the core and the sections of the cable.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the cable of fig. 1 with cross section.

Fig. 3 is an exploded isometric view of Fig. 1 showing the multi-pair groups in their different grouping form.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the multi-pair construction of the flooded core with gel.

Fig. 5 It is a diagram showing the maximum eccentricity degree allowed.

Fig. 6a, b, c It is a front view showing the difference of twisting steps in the pairs.

The applicant has developed a multiple-use telephone cable with higher bandwidth operation levels, from 0 to 100 MHz, while maintaining the operating frequencies for voice transmission.

The cables object of the invention present an improvement in their levels of electromagnetic interference between adjacent pairs or between the sectors or groups that constitute the cable and ca 'is obtained for multi-pair telecommunications with constructions that can be from 2 to 600 pairs.

The geometric formation of the cables may vary depending on the final installation thereof. Said installation can be: directly buried or in telephone ducts when it is geometrically round cables. In the case of aerial installations, the developed cable has a mechanical support element that can be metallic or non-metallic. When the developed cable presents the mechanical element of reinforcement, the final appearance of the cable will acquire an "8" shape, being called a self-supporting cable, to differentiate it from round cables.

The cable of the invention is an electrically improved cable. Especially in its values of mid-range and level of electromagnetic interference between groups. The level of interference between adjacent sectors or groups in the same cable will generally have a minimum value of 9 db (decibels) in order to guarantee a higher electrical performance in comparison; j < n with the levels of electromagnetic interference currently known in conventional telephone cables.

To improve the electrical characteristics of the cable, values of "shorter" (optimized) twisting steps are used, than in conventional external plant telephone cables. The reduction of the length of the braiding steps, give the cable the ability to work in a greater bandwidth since with the reduction of pairing steps a cable with better balanced pairs is obtained, thereby minimizing the effects of electromagnetic induction between pairs of the same group and between pairs of different groups (fewer disturbants), so; the cable can be used, in transmission systems that integrate services where better and higher transmission qualities are required at higher speeds, as well as the multiplexing of the pairs, examples of the services where these cables can be applied are: ISDN (Digital Network of integrated services), ISBDN (Digital Broadband Integrated Services Network), xDSL (Digital Subscriber Line) and others.

The cable design contemplates crosstalk values at operating frequencies up to 100 MHz.

The increase in the operating bandwidth of the VVDD cables allows to increase the number of signals or transmissions that circulate through the twisted pairs that make up the cable.

The metallic conductor used as a central conductor in this type of cables presents a smooth and uniform surface finish as well as a constant diameter that contributes globally in the cable to obtain better values of attenuation and impedance of input and characteristic, which are also factors important in the electrical performance of the cable. Likewise, the insulation material extruded on the central conductor has eccentricities of 10% maximum in all the insulated conductors 15, which contributes to obtain better values of mutual capacitance, positively influencing the final results, especially at the level of electromagnetic interference (paradiaphony) between adjacent pairs in the same group or between pairs of different groups or sectors in the finished cable.

The improvements mentioned in conjunction with the steps of optimized braiding (with narrow tolerances), plus the random gathering of the pairs and the final wiring of the groups or sectors, collaborate to obtain as a result a telecommunication cable VVDD with better electrical performance.

The above means that the component pairs of the cable have a better dimensioning along their length and less mechanical abuse during the process ggg manufacturing, resulting as a global result the decrease in the levels of electromagnetic interference (fordiaphony) between pairs, sectors or groups of the same cable, resulting in a cable to operate within a wider range of frequencies. (0 -100 MHz.

The cables proposed and reported in this document are classified into two types, which are: 1) Cables with dry core. In this type of cables, as the name implies, there is no filling material between the components or conductors that make up the finished cable. 2) Cables with filled core. They are those in which there is a filling material known as (Gel) gelatin, which: can be a petrolatum or an expanded thermostatic rubber (ETPR), which is located between the different pairs that make up the core of the cable. Additionally, in this type of cables, a flooding compound is also applied between the cable shield or armor and the external cover.

The multipurpose cable for telecommunications of external plant 10 fig. 1 object of the invention is cylindrical sectioned and practically solid, ie without interstices by the assembled form of the conductor pairs, which comprises the following parts that comprise it: a plurality of electrical conductors 11, metallic for telecommunications as core Main cable of external plant 10, in sizes of 19, 22, 24 and 26 AWG, isolated with a plastic layer of poholefine material 19 fig. 2 having a minimum eccentricity of the conductor, Fig. 5 said core being characterized by constructions from 2 to 600 twisted pairs 21 fig. 4. Formed with optimized twisting steps different from each other Fig. 6a, b, c 22 and components of the groups or sectors of the finished cable, which allow to reduce notably the levels of electromagnetic interference (fordiafonia in db.) The above is achieved by a careful selection of the twisted steps involved and a random gathering of the pairs to finally form the groups or sectors , Fig. 4, of cable components 10 Fig. 1.

An additional and important factor for obtaining superior electrical results is the fact that the tolerances of the braiding steps in the pairs are maintained within a minimum range of variation (usually ± 1 mm), this with the aim that in the possible case that during the random reunion, it is possible to find pairs with close braiding steps, the phenomenon of invasion of the transmission area with the consequent generation of electromagnetic induction does not take place; a plastic tape for gathering 12 and 14 of the sets of sectors of pairs 21; a plastic wrapping tape 13, as a fastening element of the assembled core; a rupture thread 15, projected longitudinally along the cable 10; an aluminum wrapping tape 16, arranged concentrically to the core with corrugated or smooth internal and external walls 23 to inhibit the ingress or egress of electromagnetic radiation, an insulating outer shell 17 based on low and medium density polyolefins and, if appropriate, a filler gel that floods all the interstices 24 of the core and reinforcement elements of the cable.

Manufacturing process of the multipurpose cable for external plant telecommunications:! The basic parts constituting the multipurpose cable of the invention according to the figures of the drawings are the following: > Metal conductor 11 fig. 1 of mild tempering, in 19, 22, 24, and 26 AWG gauges, with insulation 19 of solid or foamed or foamed polyolefin with solid layer protection, with adequate thickness to meet the requested electrical parameters; > Meeting elements 12, 14 to hold and identify the different sectors or groups of twisted pairs of the complete cable. > Dry core or core5 stuffing. The function of the filling material is to prevent the entry of moisture into the core of the cable. A plastic wrapping tape of non-hygroscopic material 13 (transparent layer) > Armor 23, as the case may be. This component is usually applied in smooth or corrugated longitudinal fopna. In the case of filled cables, a flooding compound is generally applied between the shield or anchoring and the external cover, in order to reduce the corrosion of the metallic materials involved. > Cover 17 external material based on low or medium density polyolefins.

Fabrication process The manufacture of the cable is carried out through the steps of: a) tandem process, that is, stretch-insulation, where the copper wire passes through a series of drawing dies, where it is subjected to successive reductions of cross-sectional area until obtaining the final design diameter (19, 22, 24, 26 AWG), in this same step the central conductor already in its final dimension is annealed to change its temper from hard to smooth, with which elongations of 15% minimum are obtained; b) After the material is annealed, it is guided to an extruder machine in which the wire is forced to pass through an extrusion head, where the guide and the extrusion die are housed, which is the part dimensioning the final diameter of the insulation, this dimensioning occurs at the moment when the solid or foamed or foamed insulation material with solid layer protection is extruded from the existing extruder machine in the process line to the extrusion die. In this stage, it is also verified that the eccentricity level between the metallic conductor and the insulation applied is a maximum of 10%.

The pairing step of VVDD cables with less than 10 pairs is performed separately and then the pairs are wired to obtain the final configuration. The pairing and wiring steps are selected in such a way as to minimize electromagnetic induction (paradiaphony) between group pairs or between different groups or sectors, which will result in a higher electrical performance especially in mid-range. In the pairing-wiring step of the cables with a number of pairs greater than or equal to 10, the insulated conductors are assembled in pairs with optimized pairing steps to guarantee a high electrical performance of the cable, especially in the paradiaphony parameter between pairs of a same group or between pairs of different groups or sectors. After the pairs are formed, they are grouped into sectors of 10 pairs, for the case of cables with up to 100 pairs or in groups (5 sectors of 10 pairs) of 50 pairs for the case of cables with pairs of 150 to 600 pairs . Sectors or groups are guided through gathering devices to be wired and form the final assembly of the core. In the case of filled cables, it is at this stage where the core of the cable is impregnated with the filling material (gelatin) by means of an immersion process, thereby guaranteeing the permeability of the core; the application of the outer cover based on polyolefins of low and medium density, is also applied in an extruder machine, using for this purpose guides and extrusion dies according to the final dimensions required in the cable; and in the case of filled cables, it is in this operation where Prior to the operation of the external cover, the armored or reinforced core is impregnated with a flooding compound, whose function is to prevent the entry of moisture into the cable and reduce the corrosion of metallic elements such as armor or armor.

Having described the invention this is considered a novelty and therefore the content is claimed in the following:

Claims (8)

3, R E I V I D I C A C I O N S
1. A multipurpose cable for telecommunications of external plant of type (VVDD) voice, video, data and distributor, which includes: a core of multipar construction; electromagnetic shield elements and external protective thermoplastic cover, characterized in that the core is composed of constructions of insulated electrical conductors of 2 to 600 twisted pairs, formed with closed braiding passages and reduced in the formation of said component pairs; a plastic tape arranged helically and longitudinally to assemble the individual sets of sectors of pairs that make up the core; a plastic wrapping tape concentrically covering said assembled core; a rupture thread projected longitudinally along the cable; and on the outer cover thereof; an aluminum wrapping tape disposed tubularly as an electromagnetic shielding element; an external insulating cover of low and medium density polyolefins; and a gel filler that covers the interstices of the nucleus; and a second gel film applied between the outer plastic cover and the protective shield.
2. The multipurpose outdoor telecommunications cable of clause 1, characterized in that the plurality of electric conductors are copper metallic conductors of selected sizes of 19, 22, 24, and 26 AWG, isolated with a plastic layer of poholefínico material , wherein the metallic conductor has a minimum of eccentricity with respect to the dimensioning of the final diameter of the insulating layer of maximum 10%.
3. The multipurpose telecommunications cable for plant external to clause 1, characterized in that the braiding of the pairs is practically closed between the pitch and the pitch, thus presenting a greater reduction in the length of the braiding passages, which is obtained by means of a meeting of the pairs in random form that make up the groups or component sectors of the multi-pair construction of the cable
4. The multipurpose cable for external plant telecommunications of clause 3, characterized in that the reduction of the braiding steps in the component pairs is approximately 45% less than that of the conventional external plant telephone cables.
5. The multipurpose cable for external plant telecommunications of clause 3, characterized in that the reduction of the braiding steps provides a closed braid that allows to reduce the levels of magnetic interference.
6. 6. The multi-cable telecommunication cable for external plant of clause 3, characterized in that the braiding pairs are maintained within a minimum variation average of approximately 1 mm, which prevents the possible electromagnetic induction.
7. 7. The multipurpose cable for external telecommunication of clause 1, characterized in that said cable improves the levels of near-frequency in an electromagnetic induction of 9 db and is capable of operating in frequencies of 0-100 MHz of a greater amplitude of band.
8. 8. A multiple-use cable manufacturing method for external plant telecommunications of clauses 1 to 7, characterized by the steps of: a) drawing-insulation, wherein the copper wire passes through a series of drawing dies, wherein it is subjected to successive reductions of transversal area up to a diameter of 19, 22, 24, 26 AWG; in this same step the centralized conductor is annealed to change its temper from hard to soft, at elongations of 15% minimum; b) the annealed material is guided to an extruder machine in which the wire passes through an extrusion head, where the guide and the extrusion die are housed, which determines the final diameter of the insulation and which occurs at the moment that the solid or foamed insulation material with solid layer protection is extruded from the extruder machine existing in the process line to the extrusion die; c) Rectification of the eccentricity level between the metallic conductor and the applied insulation is a maximum of 10%. A multiple-use telecommunications cable manufacturing method of external plant of clause 8, characterized in that the pairing step of VVDD cables with less than 10 pairs is performed separately and subsequently the pairs are wired to obtain the DINA configuration, the pairing steps being almost closed, and wiring, selected in such a way as to minimize the electromagnetic induction (paradiphony) between group pairs or between different groups or sectors to produce superior electrical performance especially in near-zero frequency. A method of manufacturing the cable for multiple use for external telecommunication of clause 8, characterized in that the pairing-wiring step of the cables with number of pairs greater than or equal to 10, the isolated conductors are assembled in pairs with steps of paired practically v closed to guarantee a high electrical performance of the cable especially in the parameter of near-endlessness between pairs of the same group or between pairs of different groups or sectors, and after being formed the pairs, these are grouped in sectors of 10 pairs , for the case of cables with up to 100 pairs or in groups (sectors of 10 pairs) of 50 pairs for the case of cables with pairs of 150 to 600 pairs; and subsequently the sectors or groups are guided through gathering devices to be wired and form the final assembly of the core. A method of manufacturing the multipurpose cable for outdoor telecommunication of clause 8, characterized in that the cables when filled, the core of the cable is impregnated with a gel filling material by means of immersion, and the application of The outer cover based on low and medium density polyolefins is made in an extruder machine by means of guides and extension dies according to the final dimensions required in the cable; also if it is required prior to the operation of the external cover, the armored core is impregnated with flooded petrolatum, to avoid moisture to the cable and reduce the corrosion of the metallic shield.