MXPA00005137A - Fiber distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

A forming box (1) is disclosed to an apparatus for dry forming of a fibrous tissue to e.g. preparation of paper. The forming box (1) is provided with a cloud of airborne fibres via transference pipes (6). Under the forming box (1) a forming wire (3) and a vacuum box (5) is placed. In order to achieve a very high capacity as a possibility for the handling of very long fibres, the forming box is prepared without a net or a bottom plate. In place hereof the forming box (1) has an open bottom for release of the fibre material onto the forming wire (3). In the forming box rotating spike rollers (7) are established in such a way that they substantially cover the whole cross sectional area of the forming box. The rotating spike rollers have appeared to make it possible to achieve a very big capacity of formed uniform fibrous tissue on the forming wire and at the time make it possible to handle very long fibres.

Description

FIBER DISTRIBUTOR BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a formation box that is to be used for the dry formation of a fibrous tissue and which comprises an entrance for the introduction of a fibrous material that has been divided and chosen from among synthetic fibers. and natural fibers and that is mixed in a stream of air, and forming box containing several rotating rollers, which are provided with spikes positioned radially. Several instruments of this type are known, for example from European Patent Application No. 0 159 618. The formation box in a known plant will frequently be a part of the instrument, which constitutes an essential limitation for the capacity of the entire instrument. With respect to the placement of the fibers in the underlying forming wire, the forming box is provided with a bottom in the form of a net or a screen in the form of a bottom with several openings. In order to promote the passage of the fibers towards the bottom of the formation box with the intention of achieving an increase in capacity, the application of various mechanical elements in the form of fins and rollers or other scraping devices has been proposed. brushed, which in an active way lead the fibers to the bottom of the formation box. Although these mechanical devices give an increase in capacity, attempts have been made over the years to further increase capacity. The elaboration of meshes or openings in the bottom of the formation box has been decided on the fibers, which are used for the preparation of the fibrous tissue. Primarily there is some reference to the use of cellulose fibers in the manufacture of paper products or diaper products. In this way, there has been a limitation of the length of the applied fibers. In practice, in this way it has not been possible to use fibers of lengths of more than 18 mm. This has implied simultaneously that there has been a limitation in the type of products that can be manufactured with this ins t rument. It is the purpose of the present invention to show an instrument of the type mentioned at the beginning, which solves the disadvantages by the known technique, because a substantially greater capacity and the possibility of application of long fibers for the formation of fibrous fabrics is achieved. According to the present invention, this is achieved by a forming box, which is unique in having an open bottom for releasing the fibrous material in the forming wire, because the pins are arranged to partially retain the fibers against the effect of the suction of the vacuum box. Surprisingly, it has been shown that it is possible to manufacture the formation box with an open bottom. The fiber cloud, which has formed within the formation box of the individual fibers, which are divided and mixed in the air stream, is transferred down onto the underlying wire by the application of the rotating spiked rollers. In practice, it has been revealed that with an instrument according to the invention, capacities that are 5 times greater than the capacity can be achieved with the known, corresponding instruments. By running the instrument, the natural fibers are divided. This can take place in hammer mills or similar. Subsequently, the divided fibers, which may still contain a few agglomerates, are transferred by means of an air current downwards on the system. The air currents are created by means of transport blowers, which are connected to tubes leading to the formation box. In the forming box, the fibers are conducted mainly from each side of the forming box and possibly by means of more inlet tubes on each side of the forming box. In this way, it is possible to vary the capacity when opening and closing supply pipes and supply blowers. Inside the training box, an ana cloud of fibers is formed, where fibers can circulate due to transport air. Subsequently, the fibers will be transferred from the bottom of the formation box and will take their place in the forming wire, which is moving below the forming box. The fiber layer, which is formed in the forming wire, is fixed by means of a vacuum, which is established in the vacuum box, which is under the forming wire in a position opposite to the forming box.

The present invention operates a formation box with an open bottom, where the partial retention and distribution of the fibers is taking place, against that suction that is carried out from the vacuum box. This retention and distribution is established by the rotating rollers with pins, because the pins are having influence on the fibers. In this way, it has surprisingly been shown that a tissue with a very homogeneous thickness is formed in the underlying forming wire. Therefore, it can be said that the rotating pins form a mobile bottom or active bottom that differs from the passive, traditional bottoms that consist of a piece of a mesh or screen. The spiked rollers will mainly have an extension as seen horizontally, so that for practical purposes they cover the section area of the forming box. However, it has been shown that it is possible to manufacture molding boxes that function satisfactorily, although the spiked rollers do not cover the entire area of the section of the forming box.

It is possible to place the rollers or shafts in which the pins are formed with an almost horizontal orientation or with an almost vertical orientation. It is assumed that an orientation with an angle between the horizontal and the vertical is also possible to give satisfactory results. When orienting the rollers or axes horizontally or vertically, the pins will rotate in a vertical plane and a horizontal plane, respectively. This is preferred due to the symmetrical placement of the fibers, so that a fabric with a homogeneous thickness is formed over the width of the forming box. In the present application, the term "spikes" will cover a mode with spikes with a largely screwed shape. However, the issue will also cover plate-shaped elements, which can also be designated as fins. These fins in the form of a plate will be formed mainly with the space placed in a plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the axis. Alternatively, the plates may be formed with a slope or they may be formed as propellants to cause an up or down directed action of the fiber cloud. To facilitate the passage of air to the forming head when the fin-shaped pins are applied, the fins can be provided with holes. These holes can facilitate the passage of air. By choosing the proper speed of rotation and the shape of the holes in the rollers, the passage of fibers to these holes can be prevented or limited. Rotating pin rollers can be positioned so that the outer ends of the pins describe circles that overlap each other or just touch each other. Additionally, it is possible to vary the intensity of the positioning of the pins in the wrapping direction as well as in the longitudinal direction. By means of these parameters and the number of revolutions for the rollers with pins and the air stream, it is possible to adjust the capacity of the instrument. According to the invention, the training box is capable of handling very long fibers. The length of the fibers will not be limited by the sizes of the meshes, the sizes of the openings or their similar in the bottom of the formation box. In practice, therefore, it has been shown that it is possible to handle fibers with lengths of up to 60 mm, and correspondingly, it has been shown that it is possible to handle different types of fibers. It is assumed that further optimization of the training box according to the invention is possible to handle fibers that are even longer. In this way, it is possible to use the instrument for the manufacture of products that until now has not been possible with a similar type of instrument. Due to the capacity of the instrument and the possibility of handling very long fibers, it is possible to advantageously use the instrument to manufacture fibrous layers with a substantial thickness, which for example can be of a size of the order of up to 200-300 mm. In this way, it will be advantageous to use the instrument to manufacture fibrous tissue in the form of insulation pads as a new area for non-woven products, deposited with air. By manufacturing these pads, very long fibers can be used, which can be synthetic fibers or natural fibers or mixtures thereof. Since these fibers can have a substantial length, it will be possible to create a stable fabric in its shape, even if it is manufactured with a large thickness. The long fibers can form fibrous bonds on a relatively large layer of material. The joints can be hydrogen bonds, crimps or elastic bonds that are established by the joining material or a combination thereof. Surprisingly, it has been shown that it is possible to manufacture products with improved quality relative to known products. In the products, which are manufactured with an instrument according to the invention, it has been shown that in this way it is possible to avoid the so-called indicia and agglomerates, which consist of pieces of fiber assembled, in the product. In this way, it is surprising that by means of the instrument it has been possible to retain the fibers separated from each other. It is anticipated that this disintegration of the agglomerates of fibrous material is due to the influences of the spikes to which the fibers are exposed when by means of the pins of the rollers they are being struck upwards in the formation box or downwards against the forming wire, underlying. In this way, it has been shown that it is possible to form a fibrous product, where the problems with the variation of the thickness over the width of the product, which is formed in the forming wire, are avoided. It is anticipated that this surprising homogeneity of the thickness of the product created on the H of the product is due to the fact that the rotation of the spiked rollers leads the fibers directly downwards against the forming wire in the direction orthogonal to the wire surface. training. This homogeneity is achieved, although forming wires with widths of 200 mm are applied to several meters. As mentioned above, the instrument is advantageous because the capacity of the training box can be adjusted. In this way, it is possible to adjust the instrument capacity dependent on the product to be formed, and dependent on the transfer speed, which can be applied to the forming wire without a risk that the formed tissue is blown away. The adjustment can be effected mainly, in a formation box with horizontally oriented rollers, by mounting the mutually displaceable rollers in a substantially horizontal plane and can be placed with a mutual distance, corresponding approximately to the diameter of the circle, which defines the outer ends of the spikes or is smaller. In this way, it is possible to establish slits, which allow a greater amount of fiber material to pass within a given unit of time. When the horizontally oriented rollers are changing horizontally, so that the outer ends of the pins are transferred together, it becomes possible to manufacture a fibrous fabric of very short fibers, for example with lengths of less than 3 mm. In this way, it becomes possible to achieve a homogeneous product with a very homogeneous profile in the section direction as well as the longitudinal direction. It is also possible to handle the short fibers, even if only a single layer of rollers is applied in the formation box. As mentioned later, it will also be possible to use more layers of rollers placed one on top of the other in the forming box. If the formation box is for handling long fibers, for example, with a length of 60 mm or more, it will be advantageous to change the rollers so that the circles that define the outer ends of the pins will touch substantially directly to each other or change a little between them.

When the pins of the rollers are arranged to describe overlapping curves, the instrument is unique in having the pins in the longitudinal direction of the rollers with a mutual distance that allows the passage for the corresponding pins in an adjacent roller. With respect to the little change in capacity for an instrument, it is also preferred that the pins be placed on changeable rails that are mounted on axial tracks on the roller. The ears on each roller will be placed mainly orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the roller, and a set of pins is placed on the length of the roller. Each of these sets will substantially hold 2-12 pins and especially 4-8 pins, which are distributed evenly along the circumference of the roll. It is possible to use very variable dimensions and speeds of rotation. However, it is preferred that the axial distance of the pins be between 5 and 20 mm and that the thickness of the pins be between 0.5 and 10 m. The length of the pins will be between 5 and 200 mm, preferably about 100 mm. The rollers are arranged with a variable number of rotations, which can be adjusted, so that they will be within a range of between 200 and 5000 r.p.m., preferably approximately 2300-2500 r.p.m. It is also possible to use numbers of revolutions, spigot lengths and spigot thicknesses that are outside these ranges. By varying the length and thickness of the roller and the spikes, it is also possible to handle long fibers at the risk of being woven together. That is, it will be possible to handle the long fibers and lower them in the forming wire as individual fibers, without being wound together. In order to arrange the forming box with horizontally oriented rollers for the handling of the fibers with various capacities, it is possible to provide more layers of rollers. The rollers in each layer can be placed in the row with their longitudinal axis oriented parallel or orthogonal in the moving direction of the forming wire.

The longitudinal axis of the rollers can also be oriented, however, in the direction parallel with the moving direction of the forming wire.

In order to have more layers of rollers in the upper layer of each other, it is possible to achieve a fiber opening that would otherwise be difficult to open, and it is also possible to place the rollers in the various layers with different orientation in relation When applying more layers of rollers, it is possible to handle relatively short fibers and at the same time maintain a large capacity.When the rollers are placed horizontally, they can be arranged so that they are formed A substantially hollow cylinder within the forming head This cylinder is formed because the rollers are operated within a cylindrical space so that a hollow cylinder is formed where the input for the fibers is provided in a space or determination. fibers are thus transferred to the second recess, which is formed by the rollers with the pins placed on the same, mainly at least one additional roller is p It will be provided, which is similarly provided with pins and which is arranged in and adjacent to the wall of the formed cylinder. In this way, the fibers that are blown in the hollow cylinder, and which can form a flange or sausage under the influence of the rotating pins in the fibers, can, in a safe way, be distributed along the length of the cylinder . Because the cylinder will mainly be arranged with the extension orthogonal to the transfer direction for the forming wire, it will thus be possible to form a fibrous tissue with a very homogeneous thickness across the width of the forming wire. The pins on the rollers in the cylinder space or on the additional roller inside the cylinder can be established with a length such that the circumscribed circles that are defined by the outer end of the pins, will touch substantially each other or will be slightly behind the lap. Preferably, there will be more cylinders provided. The cylinders will be established, in particularly advantageous embodiments, in pairs, so that the inlets to a pair of cylinders are established on the sides opposite the side wall of the forming box. In addition, the ends of the cylinder can be linked with link channels, which go through the side wall, of the forming box that allows the fibers to pass from the inside of a cylinder into an adjacent cylinder. In this way, a rotation of the fibers of a curve in a substantially circular shape can be achieved through two adjacent cylinders and the linking channels linked. This gives a good mix and an even distribution of the fibers. In a training box, more cylinders can be preferentially established in pairs or individual cylinders that are linked to separate fiber supply sources. In this way, it becomes possible to form a fabric with varying fiber capacities with respect to thickness. In a formation box, three cylinder pairs will be preferably placed where the first and the pair end of cylinders are provided with fibers, which will be outside the layers in the formed fibrous tissue, and where the central pair of cylinders it is proposed to form a layer interspersed within the formed tissue. This construction is suitable for manufacturing the fabric that is used for the manufacture of diapers, towels and the like where a core of hydrophilic material is formed surrounded by an outer layer of hydrophobic material.

By placing more cylinders in pairs or individual within a formation box, it is also possible to increase the thickness of the formed fabric, because identical fibers can be used in all cylinder pairs or in individual cylinders. If the rollers are oriented in a substantially vertical manner, the pins will preferably be established with a shape of fins substantially in the form of a space, which in a plane will be approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rollers. The fins / pegs will be preferentially established within a single layer, but two or more layers may also be set on top of one another. The fins / pins will be preferentially established at several levels, so that an overlap is established, where the ears / fins of one roller will be set at another level than the ears / fins of one or more adjacent rollers. In this way, the risk of collision is avoided, if the rollers are not driven synchronously. By means of the synchronous operation of the rollers, it will be possible to establish the pins / fins in identical planes. This takes place independently of the rollers that are oriented horizontally or vertically. In a formation box with vertically oriented rollers, the fins / pins can be positioned at an angle relative to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the roller.

In this situation, an overlap of the described curves can also be established by the rollers in an alternative way to what is provided with the dowels directed downwards and the pegs directed upwards, which form approximately the same inclined angle. It is possible to place more molding boxes one after the other in order to increase the thickness of the formed fabric and / or to create a fabric with different types of fibers in several layers. It has been shown that it is possible for the rollers to rotate about their longitudinal axis with different or identical speeds. It has also been shown that it is possible for the rollers to rotate in the same direction or the opposite direction.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The explanation will be explained in the following more closely with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 shows a schematic image with certain cut parts, of a training box according to the invention, the Figure 2 shows a lateral, partly sectional, schematic image, has a formation box, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 shows a side, partial image of the details of the formation box shown in Figure 1, Figure 4 shows a planar image with certain cut portions of the training box shown in Figure 1, seen from the top, Figure 5 shows a side, partial image for illustration of a further embodiment of a training box in accordance with the Figure 6 shows an image, partially sectional, seen according to line VI-VI in Figure 7 for the illustration of an additional embodiment of a training head according to the invention, Figure 7 shows a flat image, seen from the top, of the training box shown in Figure 6-, Figure 8 shows a side image of the training box shown in the drawings. Figures 6 and 7, Figures 9-10 show an image corresponding to Figures 7 and 8 of the illustration of a further embodiment of a training box according to the invention, Figure 11 shows an image corresponding to the Figure 6 for the illustration of a further embodiment of a training box according to the invention, Figure 12 shows a side image for illustration of a further embodiment of a training box according to the invention with vertically oriented rollers, the Figure 13 shows an image corresponding to Figure 12 for the illustration of an additional embodiment for a vertical roll forming box, Figure 14 shows an image corresponding to Figures 12 and 13 for the illustration of a further embodiment of a vertical roll forming box, Figure 15 shows a flat image with certain parts removed for illustration of a forming box with vertical shafts and spikes in the form of fins in the form of space and Figure 16 shows an image for illustration of the fins in the form of a plate to be used in a shaping box, as illustrated in Figures 12-14 and FIG. illustrates with several modalities for the holes established in the fins. In the various figures, identical or corresponding elements are designated with the same reference designation and therefore will not be explained in detail in conjunction with each figure. In Figure 1, a training box according to the invention can be seen, which is designated in general with the reference designation 1. The training box 1 is placed on a forming wire 2. On the surface 3 of the wire In this way a fibrous tissue 4 is formed. Below the forming wire 3, a vacuum box 5 is placed in a position opposite to the formation box. 1. The vacuum box 5 is linked to a vacuum source (not shown). The forming box 1 is connected to an inlet pipe 6. In the inlet pipes 6 a stream of air containing fibers in the forming box 1 is blown in a position on the upper part of the rollers 7 with pins. The inlet pipes 6 are connected to garnett opener devices in the form of hammer mills or other equipment, which open a fiber material, so that individual fibers containing very few agglomerates are formed. In the embodiment shown, an inlet pipe 6 is shown in each side wall 8 of the forming box 1. As indicated in the side walls 8, however, two inlet openings 9 are placed in each side wall. Optionally, it will be possible to apply 2 or more inlet tubes 6 in each of the side walls, depending on the capacity needed in the dry forming instrument, of which the forming box is part 1. The fibers that are transferred to the tubes of Inlet 6 can be any kind of split fibers, transported by air that can be chosen from synthetic fibers or natural fibers or be a mixture of these fibers.

Training box 1 is not provided with a bottom plate. In the embodiment shown, the training box 1 does not have a top plate. The forming box has end walls 10, which are arranged in a changeable manner with respect to the heights in the direction away from and down against the forming wire 3. At least the side wall 10, which is directed against the right side is it can change with respect to the heights, since the fibrous tissue 4 is formed in the forming wire, when this is transferred in its normal transfer direction according to the arrow 11. The rollers 7 with pins that are placed inside the training box, it can be said that they constitute the background of the training box. In the embodiment shown, 7 rollers with pins are placed together in the upper part since 3 rollers with pins are placed by a side wall and two rollers with pins on the opposite side. Alternatively, it will be possible to mount all the rollers with shank from the same side. However, an alternative mounting of the spiked rollers as shown allows a larger space between the machines 12, which makes the spiked rollers run. The machines 12 are arranged with the possibility of a variable revolution speed. In this way, it is possible to adjust the speed of revolution of the machines depending on the choice of the rollers with pins, and of the product to be formed. In Figure 1, a lower roll of spindles is also shown, which is also placed in a substantially horizontal plane, parallel to the forming wire 3. Each of the spindles 7 has an axis 13, in which the pins 14 are mounted in the form of threaded elements. The pins are shown in Figure 1 mounted in rows axially to the shaft 13 and a number of 4 on the circumference of the roller 7 with pins. The pins 14 are established with a mutual size and distance, which makes it possible to allow a passage for the corresponding pins 14 on an adjacent roller with pins. When the pin rollers are changed in their planes, it is possible in this way that the pins penetrate each other, so that the rollers 7 with pins can be placed at a mutual distance, where the diameter for the circle, which defines the outer end 15 of the pins 14, the diameter is overlapped for an adjacent roller 7 with spigot. The mutual change of the pin rollers takes place by the change of the shaft house 16 on the mounting rails 17 on each side of the forming box 1. In Figure 2, the machines 12 on the left side of the image they are illustrated schematically. On the right side of the image a partial section is shown to illustrate schematically the rollers 7 with pins. As can be seen, the spiked rollers in this mode are placed so that they are in the changed position relative to each other in the two layers. Further, the pin rollers are positioned, so that the outer ends 15 of the pins 14 do not overlap the circle, which is described by the outer ends 15 for the pins on an adjacent roller 7 with pins. Figure 3 is a side, partial image of the forming box 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2. It is seen here that the two inlet pipes 6 have been applied on each side of the forming box. It is also seen that the entry openings 9 within the formation box need not be in the same vertical plane. As illustrated on the left side, the inlet openings 9 of the inlet tubes can be placed in different positions within the forming box to achieve a better distribution of the fibers, which forms a cloud of fibers on the upper part of the box. rollers 7 with tang. In addition, it will be seen that the inlet openings 9 are created in the form of inclined cuts of the tubes that give an air stream of the fibers, partially directed towards. In Figure 3 you seemoreover, that the machines are placed alternatively one with respect to the other, and that the length of the rollers 7 with pins in the two layers does not need to have the same length. It is also possible to vary the running direction for the spiked rollers. The pin rollers can be driven in this way with the same direction of revolution or with different directions of revolution in the same layer as well as in the different layers. Figure 4 shows a planar image of the training box seen from the top. Only some of the machines 12 are shown. It can be seen here that the rollers 7 with pins in the different layers are exchanged relative to each other, so that the axes 13, as seen from the top, are distributed substantially same large distance over the length of the forming box 1. In the embodiments shown, the rollers 7 with pins are shown with an orientation perpendicular to the transfer direction 11 of the forming wire 3. However, it will also be possible to place the rollers 7 with pins with an orientation parallel to the transfer direction 11 with an angle relative to the transfer direction 11. However, it is preferred that the pin rollers 7 are positioned as shown in the figures. In practice it has been shown that this orientation of the spiked rollers gives a more uniform distribution of the thickness of the layer over the width of the forming wire 3. Figure 5 illustrates a side image of a forming box 1 with rollers 7 with spikes, horizontally oriented. In this training box, an inlet tube 6 is illustrated in the terminal wall 10 of the forming box, since it is the side that is directed against the transfer direction 11 of the forming wire. The inlet tube 6 can be established in the opposite terminal wall. Opposed to the inlet opening 9 of the inlet tube is a rebound plate 18. The rebound plate is mounted on adjustable seats 19, 20. By which, the angle of the rebound plate can be adjusted so that can direct an incoming cloud of fibers 21 substantially upwards according to the arrow 22 or substantially downwards according to the arrow 23. The rebound plate can be adjusted by means of threaded connections 24, 25. The rebound plate 18 of this way it can be given an angled position and can be set simultaneously at a shorter or longer distance from the inlet opening 9. As an alternative to the inlet tube 6, the fibers can be introduced from the top of a open fiber box, upwards from the top, as indicated by the arrow 26. In the modes shown, the transfer opening 9 is indicated as circular openings. However, the transfer aperture may be an elongated slit, and the terminal part of the transfer tube 6 may, in each case, have a fish tail. Therefore, an introduction of a small cloud 21 of fibers with a width that corresponds substantially to the width of the formation box 1 is achieved. Figures 6-8 illustrate an alternative modality of a training box 1. In this modality, the Rollers 7 with pins, oriented in a substantially horizontal manner are established along two cylindrical spaces 27, so that the pinned rollers for each cylindrical space 27 together form a cylinder 28 with a movable wall. In the new inner part 29 of the cylinder, an additional roller 30 with pins is established. The wall of the cylinders 28 is set relatively close. Thus, the fibers are influenced so that they are evenly distributed over the length of the cylinders 29. The fibers 9 are blown inward via the inlet pipes 6 through the the transfer openings 9, which end in the inner part 29 of the cylinder. In the modality shown, the inlet pipes 6 are established in the opposite side walls of the forming box 1. Alternatively, both inlet pipes can be established along the same side wall.

Each of the rollers 7 with pins can be rotated with the same direction of rotation within a cylinder. Alternatively, the pin rollers can be rotated in different directions of rotation. By means of a different rotation or a uniform rotation of the rollers with pins it is possible to achieve an orientation of the fibers and in this way there is the possibility of achieving specific properties determined by the direction in the formed fabric. In the embodiment shown, two cylinders 28 are set. Alternatively, however, it is possible to have only one individual cylinder in the formation box 1. Similarly, it is illustrated that the cylinder 28 covers its entire section in its entirety. of the training box, as seen in a horizontal plane. However, it has appeared that the cylinders 28 only need to cover a part of the sectional area of the formation box in order to achieve a uniform layer thickness in the formed fabric. In Figures 9 and 10, an alternative embodiment corresponding to Figures 7 and 8 is illustrated. In this embodiment, openings are established by the ends of the cylinders 28 in the side walls 8 of the formation box, whereby the inner hollow part 29 is between the two adjacent cylinders connected to each other by means of link channels 31. Link channels 31 allow a cloud of fibers to be conducted in a circular motion according to arrows 32 from the inside of the cylinder 28 to the inner part of the adjacent cylinder 28. This gives the possibility of achieving a more uniform distribution of the fibers over the length of the cylinders 28 and thus a uniform distribution of the fibers in the underlying forming wire. It is to be noted that the rollers 7 with pins and cylinders 28 are set with an orientation substantially perpendicular to the transfer direction 11 of the forming wire. In Figure 11, an image corresponding substantially to Figure 6 is illustrated. In this embodiment, six cylinders 28 are established. The cylinders are oriented in pairs, as explained with reference to Figures 6-10. Cylinders can be established with or without link channels 31. Cylinders are connected in pairs with separate supply sources for fibers with different capacities. The first pair of cylinders 33 is connected to a hydrophobic fiber supply source, the next pair between cylinders 34 is connected to a supply source of hydrophilic fibers, and the third pair 35 of cylinders is connected to a supply source for hydrophobic fibers. In this way an integral fabric is formed, which is suitable for the manufacture of diapers, towels and the like, in which a liquid absorbing core is to be established between the inner layer of the hydrophobic material. Figures 12-15 illustrate a further embodiment of a training box 1, in which the rollers 7 are oriented in a vertical manner. In this way, the pins 14 are rotated in planes that are substantially horizontal and mainly parallel to the plane of the side of the information branch 3. In Figure 3, alternative orientations are illustrated for the input 6 spaces. However, it is It will be understood that the formation box 1 can be provided with this type of inlet tubes both tubes of inlet tubes, which can be used alternatively depending on the fibers to be introduced in the formation layer 1.

In the embodiment shown, each of the vertical rollers 7 with pins has between 3 and 12 layers of pins. These pins will possibly have a shape and size as explained above in connection with the pins on the horizontal rollers 7 with pins. As an alternative, the pin rollers 7 can be established with pins of a smaller number of layers and possibly only a single layer. In an embodiment with fewer layers of pins set along the length of an axis 11, the pins will preferably be formed as plate-like fins of the type illustrated in Figures 15 and 16. In Figure 12, the pins are formed with a length, so as to exert a substantial overlap between the rollers 7 adjacent to each other. the spikes. In order to ensure problem-free rotation, the pins of the adjacent rollers 7 are changed relative to each other, so that they rotate in different planes. In Figure 13, a situation is illustrated, where the pins have lengths such that the circumscribed circles touch approximately the circumscribed circles that are formed from the pins 14 of an adjacent roller 7. In Figure 14, an embodiment is illustrated in FIG. which rollers 7 are provided with pins that are placed at an inclined angle relative to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rollers 7. The pins on the adjacent rollers 7 are alternately oriented at an inclined angle upwards and downwards . In this way it is possible for the pins to rotate without hitting each other. The angle of orientation of the pins may be between 0 and 80 °, but will preferably be between 30 and 60 °. In FIGS. 15 and 16, an embodiment is illustrated in which the spikes in the form of fins 36 are set in the form of a space, which are mounted on an axis 13. It is preferred that the fins 36 be placed symmetrically about the axis 13. You can set between 2 and 10 fins in each layer on an axis. In the embodiment shown, 8 fins 36 are illustrated in the form of space in each layer. Throughout an e e you can set from 1 to 13 of these fins. As seen in Figure 15, the fins 36 are established with a radial length such that they overlap between the flanges of the adjacent rollers 7. Each flap layer will therefore be set to be changed relative to one another, for example, as illustrated in Figures 12 or 14. In Figure 16, different types of holes 37 are illustrated in the flaps 36. illustrates an individual fin that is not provided with holes. The objection of the holes 37 is to facilitate the passage of air through the forming head. The holes 37 can be formed at the same time so that they can be used to direct the passage of the fibers through the forming head. This can take place by forming the size of the holes in combination with the direction of rotation. In this way, small holes 37 and a high rotation speed for the fins 36 will make it impossible for the fibers to pass through the holes 37. Thus, the fibers will be able to pass only downwards through the head of the fibers. formation by the influence of the suction box when passing between the fins 36. In Figures 15-16, the fins 36 are illustrated as fins their substantially flat planes established in the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the roller 7. However, they can be tilted to contribute to the air flow in the formation box. In this way they can be tilted to give a downward or upward current of air. Alternatively, the fins can be set with different slopes to establish turbulent air currents up and down in the section of the formation head, where the fins are established 36.

Claims (20)

1. CLAIMS 1. A training box for use in the dry formation of a fibrous tissue and comprising an entry for the introduction of a split fibrous material, which is chosen from synthetic fibers and natural fibers, and which is mixed in a air stream, the formation layer which is placed above a forming wire opposite to a vacuum box and the formation layer containing several rotating rollers, which are provided with radially extending spikes, characterized in that it has an open bottom for the distribution of the fiber material on the forming wire, the ears which adapt to partially retain the fibers against the influence of the suction of the vacuum pipe.
2. 2. A training box according to claim 1, characterized in that the ears cover their sectional area, complete with the formation box as seen in a horizontal plane.
3. 3. A training box according to the indications 1 and 2, characterized in that the rollers are oriented in a horizontally horizontal manner.
4. 4. A training box according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the rollers are oriented in a substantially vertical manner.
5. 5. A training box according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the rollers are mounted mutually displaceable in a substantially horizontal plane and can be placed with a mutual distance, corresponding approximately to, or less than, the diameter of the circles that define the upper ends of the pins.
6. 6. A formation layer according to any of claims 1-3 or 5, characterized in that the layer of rollers establishes that, it is placed in a row with its longitudinal lengths oriented in parallel and perpendicular to the direction of movement of the wire deformation.
7. A training box according to any of claims 1-3 or 5, characterized in that more layers of rollers placed one above the other are established, where the rollers in each layer are established with longitudinal axes in the same or different orientation in relation to the rollers in one of the other layers.
8. 8. A formation layer according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the rollers provided with pins form at least one hollow cylinder, the rollers that are established in a cylindrical space, and the entrance that is established for the introduction of fibers in the hollow cylinder.
9. A training box according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one additional roller, which is provided with pins, and arranged adjacent to the cylinder so that the diameter of the circle which is defined by the ears, is established within the cylinder. on the rollers, they touch their tance with each other or have a slight overlap.
10. A training box according to claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the cylinders are set in pairs at established inputs on the opposite sides, and that the ends of the cylinders are connected to the link channels, which allow the fibers pass from the inside of a cylinder to the outside of an adjacent cylinder.
11. A training box according to any of claims 8-10, characterized in that the inlets of each cylinder or a pair of cylinders are connected to separate supply sources for the fibers to form a fabric with variable fiber properties over the thickness .
12. 12. A forming box according to claim 1-2 or 4, characterized in that the pins are finned in a substantially plate-like manner in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rollers.
13. A training box according to claim 12, characterized in that the plate-shaped fins are placed at an angle relative to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the roller.
14. A training box according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the fins are provided with holes in order to facilitate passage through the forming box.
15. A training box according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rollers are adapted to be rotated about their longitudinal axes with identical or different speeds and in the same or opposite direction.
16. 16. A formation box according to any of the previous claims, characterized in that the pins, in the longitudinal direction of the roller, are placed at a mutual distance allowing the passage for the corresponding pins in an adjacent roller, of which the pins are preferably placed in a replacement rail that is mounted on an axial track on the roller.
17. 17. A training box according to any of the preceding indications, characterized in that the pins in each roller are placed in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the roller, that a number of sets of pins are established above the length of the roller. roller, and that each set contains preferably 2-12 pins, and preferably 4-8 pins, which are distributed uniformly along the circumference of the roller.
18. 18. A training box according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the end wall of the formation box, which is through the forming wire, and which is opposite on the exit side of the formation box. formation, it is adapted to be movable in the height direction perpendicular to the underlying forming wire for the manufacture of products with different heights.
19. 19. A formation box according to any of claims 1-11 and 15-18, characterized in that the axial distance between the pins is between 5 and 20 mm and that the thickness of the pins is between 0.5 and 10 mm and that the length of the pins is between 5 and 200 mm, and that the rollers adapt for the variable placement of the number of revolutions in an area between 200 and 5000 rpm
20. 20. A training box according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entrance can be placed in the side walls, in the terminal walls and / or the upper part in the training box.