MXPA00004408A - Circuit with condenser and evaporator. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invent discloses a refrigeration circuit with a condenser and evaporator, and in whose component elements which are conductors of liquid refrigerant there are disposed conformed bodies constituted of dehydrating materials adapted to the interior geometrical configuration of the respective component elements.

Description

CIRCUIT WITH CONDENSER AND EVAPORATOR The present invention relates to a refrigeration circuit equipped with condenser and evaporator, in which a section of conduit for the drying of the refrigerant has been interposed. The section of duct for the drying of the refrigerant, included in the closed circuit, usually desi at the same time as a filter and which is traversed by the liquid refrigerant, has the mission of extracting from the liquid refrigerant possible traces of residual humidity and possible particles very fine dirt or also any abrasion particles from the dehydrating material, in order to ensure the dryness and functional stability of the inner part of the cooling circuit. In known refrigeration circuits, the section of the duct for the drying of the refrigerant is formed by a dryer, or independent filter drier, which must be joined by soldering or by means of a liquid-tight connection, in the closed cooling circuit in the direction of the flow of the liquid refrigerant, before the choke place, which preferably is a capillary or an expansion valve. Said dryer, or also filter drier, consists essentially of a casing in which dehydrating material is installed and a screen disposed in the direction of the refrigerant stream after the dehydrating material, one of its ends being adapted to the diameter of the pipe of the dehydrating material. capacitor and its other end being able to be adapted to the diameter of the capillary to be connected or of an expansion valve. This embodiment of the dryer, which finds a preferential application in a refrigeration circuit intended for refrigeration and freezing apparatuses, and which is equipped with a condenser to be placed in the back or of the backpack type, is of a very laborious manufacture and expensive due to the design of the casing, which for technological reasons requires an enlarged diameter, which forces narrowing the input and output sides adapting them to the diameter of the pipe of the rear condenser or to the diameter of the capillary. In addition, the connection of the dryer to the pipe of the rear condenser and with the capillary is a technologically laborious step, which must be carried out with special care, so as not to affect dramatically the operation of the cooling circuit. For this type of dryers it is necessary to keep sealed or sealed after its manufacture, both the entrance side and the exit side, until the assembly, in order to avoid the penetration of environmental humidity or very fine particles of dirt, , in order to ensure the full effectiveness of the dryer after its incorporation into the refrigeration circuit. The penetration of very fine particles of dirt as well as moisture into the dryer, prior to its assembly in the cooling circuit, would have a considerable unfavorable influence on the degree of dryness and functional stability inside the refrigeration circuit. DE 297 14 545 Ul discloses a cooling circuit in which the dehydrating material is applied in the form of an uncompressed bulk material in a widening of the liquid refrigerant conductive line, located in the rear condenser, the dehydrating material separated by a screen in the form of a screen with respect to the adjacent capillary or which is installed in the form of a filter cartridge, to be filled with the dehydrating material and provided with a filter screen. Although in a refrigeration circuit of this type, a dryer to be additionally installed can be dispensed with, so that the concomitant disadvantages disappear to a greater or lesser extent, the fact is that the widening of the pipe of the rear condenser is cumbersome from the point of technological view, the preliminaries of the adaptation are laborious, requiring extra care during assembly, for example during the fixation of the capillary by tinning, so that it is not possible to substantially improve the economic utility by using this type of cooling circuit . In the known refrigeration circuits of large stationary refrigeration systems, the filter drier, incorporated in the refrigeration circuit, additionally consists of a casing containing a filtering dehydrating material in the form of solids produced in the form of sintered bodies of filtering dehydrating material . Said solid bodies, also known as "filter drying candles", are joined to each other by means of fixation devices separated from each other, such that, once they are located inside the body of the filter drier, they are run in series by the refrigerant. The fixing devices, by which the filter drying candles have to be mounted together and inside the housing, are relatively expensive. The length of these fixing devices must be adapted to the amount of filter drying candles to be used in each case. The consequence of this is that for each filter dryer of a certain capacity, a corresponding fixing device must be available. However, even for these dryers, it must be ensured until the assembly in the cooling circuit, that the dryer is protected by a plugging or sealing of its inlet and outlet openings against the penetration of moisture and dirt particles. DE 198 00 739 discloses a cooling circuit for an air conditioning installation, with a condenser, in which a device with a dehydrating material in the form of a filter cartridge in the refrigerant circulation, integrated within of the capacitor. This filter cartridge also consists of a filter dehydrating material, which, similarly to a dryer, is applied to a cylindrical insert of a casing that can be applied by screwing. The coolant drying device thus configured is placed in the liquid stream of a condenser collecting tube. Due to the coolant dehydrating material device further applicable, this cooling circuit presents approximately the same disadvantages as have been exposed for the aforementioned cooling circuits. Worse still, because of the configuration of the condenser with steps of change of direction, the length of the device of the dehydrating material of refrigerant is limited and with it the surface of the dehydrating material irrigated by the liquid refrigerant, which can affect the degree of dryness and the (functional) stability of the inner part of the cooling circuit. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to improve the aforementioned cooling circuit, in such a way that thanks to a better configuration the conductive component elements of the liquid refrigerant improve the effectiveness of the refrigeration circuit, prescribing the assembly of a component with a drying and / or filtering function to be incorporated in the refrigeration circuit, and decreasing the costs of manufacturing and assembling e. Said object is achieved according to the present invention by arranging shaped bodies of dehydrating material inside the liquid refrigerant conductive component elements, the shaped bodies having a geometric shape adapted to that of the corresponding component element. Thanks to this configuration of the cooling circuit it is ensured that a drying of the liquid refrigerant takes place while it is running through the component elements. Therefore, it is possible to do without a dryer to be inserted additionally into the circuit, without affecting in any way the degree of dryness and functional stability of the interior circuit, representative of the functional stability and. Cooling system performance. In this way, thanks to the elimination of an independent dryer it is possible to reduce the costs of the configuration of the cooling circuit, and on the other hand it is possible to operate in a more cost-effective manner the refrigeration circuits according to the present invention. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a screen is provided in the liquid refrigerant conductive component element, downstream of the shaped body consisting of a dehydrating material, in the direction of the liquid refrigerant stream. This screen can be a sintered body, which would be advantageous. Thanks to this screen, it is ensured on the one hand that the shaped bodies are fixed in their position in the direction of the refrigerant flow and on the other hand that any solid particles dragged along with the refrigerant stream are retained and removed from the liquid refrigerant. , in order to prevent a clogging of the place of the strangulation, which may consist of in a capillary or expansion valve. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the shaped elements are placed in a straight area of a curved component element in the form of a meander or coil. In the case of a component element that is configured as a rear condenser, it is preferably proposed that said zone be that section of conduit of the component element, considered downstream in the direction of the refrigerant stream, to which the capillary is connected or connected. the expansion valve. In this way, it is possible to introduce the shaped rods one after the other into the rear condenser tube, thereby considerably simplifying the assembly of the cooling circuit. In addition, this embodiment of the cooling circuit leads to a compact construction design, which is very advantageous for transport. According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the shaped body consists of an oblong molded part whose diameter is greater than half the internal diameter of the component element. The outer contour of the shaped body can be chosen freely, also in the case, which is advantageous, in which several shaped bodies are inserted one after the other into the cooling circuit of the component element which conducts the liquid refrigerant. In this way it is possible to ensure that the largest possible area of the formed piece consisting of dehydrating material is bathed or irrigated by the circulating refrigerant, without the danger that the inserted shaped parts will overlap their longitudinal sides dragged by the coolant , the latter could cause disturbances in the stability of the operation of the cooling circuit. In the case of larger cooling circuits, it is advantageous if the shaped bodies consist of a tubular shaped part, the walls of which have a thickness that is less than half the internal diameter of the component element and whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the conductive component of liquid refrigerant. In this way, in the case of cooling installations in which there is a greater volume of liquid refrigerant circulating in the cooling circuit, it is possible to increase the irrigable area of the shaped bodies consisting of dehydrating material. Thanks to the proposed dependence on the thickness of the wall of the shaped part having the shape of a hollow cylinder, with respect to the internal diameter of the component element, it can be ensured that even in this configuration of the shaped bodies it can be used completely from the point of view of the drying dynamics, the dehydrating material introduced for the configuration of the shaped bodies, as well as to maintain the dry state and the functional stability of the inner part of the cooling circuit. It is also advantageous, especially in larger cooling installations, that the connection or connection between the expansion valve and the component element be uncoupled or disconnectable, so as to be able to replace the shaped bodies. For this purpose it is recommended to provide the bodies formed with a thin wire so as to be able to easily extract the shaped bodies from the cooling circuit, with a view to their renewal or replacement. In this way, it is also possible to operate large refrigeration systems by means of the proposed refrigeration circuit, of which an operating lifetime is widely superior to the service life of the shaped bodies made of dehydrating material. Other details of the invention can be examifrom the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings, based for example on a cooling circuit provided with a rear condenser for refrigerators and freezers. In the drawings: Figure 1 schematically represents a cooling system with a condenser located in the rear wall; Figure 2 illustrates a longitudinal section through a liquid refrigerant conductive component element, with shaped bodies; Figure 3 illustrates a cut through a liquid refrigerant conductive component element, with a shaped body, and Figure 4 is a section through a liquid refrigerant conductive component element, with a tubular shaped body. The cooling circuit of a refrigerator and / or freezer consists essentially of a throttling element which is constituted, for example, of a capillary 3, of an evaporator 2, of a compressor 4 and of a condenser 1 which has been configured as condenser located vertically at the rear. As shown in Figure 1, the condenser 1 and the evaporator 2 each consist of a tube bent in the shape of a meander or serpentine, which in the following are named component elements 5 and 6, being each of the tubes firmly connected at one of its ends to the compressor 4 and at its other end to the capillary 3, hermetically to the passage of the liquid and air, for example by means of a tinned connection. Within the component element 5, conductor of the liquid refrigerant, there is, as shown in Figure 2, one or more loose shaped bodies 9, 9 a - 9 x; 11 -llx, made of a dehydrating material, which during the passage of the liquid refrigerant through the component 6 are irrigated on the outside and inside by the liquid refrigerant in the state of flotation. In this way, any traces of residual moisture are removed from the liquid refrigerant. This ensures the dryness and functional stability of the inner part of the cooling circuit and a very dynamic drying is achieved. After the formed bodies 9, 9 a - 9 x, 11 - 11 x, and downstream in the direction of the stream 14a of the liquid refrigerant, a fine mesh screen 15, which pulls in the direction of the liquid refrigerant to the shaped bodies 9, 9 a - 9x, 11 - 11 x, introduced loosely into the component element 6. In this way the sieve 15 filters retains the possible dirt that can also be due to the abrasion of the bodies formed consisting of dehydrating material 9, 9 a - 9 x; 11 - 11 x. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the screen 15 is constituted by a body of sintered material, which, as is known, can be manufactured with extremely small pores and that is therefore able to filter and retain even the smallest soils of the liquid refrigerant of way to exclude with great security a plugging of the capillary 3. The shaped bodies 9, 9 a - 9x, 11 - 11 x, consisting of dehydrating material, are oblong cylindrical molded parts whose outer diameter 10 is greater than half the inside diameter 8 of the component element 6 but smaller than the inner diameter 8 of the component element 6. It is advantageous that the outer diameter 10 is smaller than 85% of the inner diameter 8 of the component element 6. In this way it can be avoided that the shaped bodies 9, 9 a - 9 x, 11 - llx, inserted and threaded one after the other come to be placed by sliding side by side making contact by their later longitudinal ales. In this way, a reduction of the contact areas between the liquid refrigerant and the shaped bodies 9, 9 a-9x, 11-11 x, or a narrowing of the cross section in the area of the fluid passage is avoided. Simultaneously, a sufficient free clearance is configured for the circulating liquid refrigerant, between the inner diameter 8 of the component element 6 and the outer diameter of the shaped parts 9, 9 a-9x, 11-llx, so that the full effectiveness of the the drying function of the shaped bodies 9, 9-9x, 11-1x constituted of dehydrating material. In order to increase the contact area between the circulating liquid refrigerant and the dehydrating material, it is advantageous to apply shaped bodies 11-111 with the shape of hollow cylinders, as shown in Figure 4, especially and in the case of large-capacity cooling circuits whose component element 6 is designed with an inner diameter 8 greater . So that also in this case the applied quantity of dehydrating material of the shaped bodies 11-11 x can completely intervene in the drying of the liquid refrigerant, it is advantageous that the thickness of the walls, 12, of the tubular shaped part 11 -11 It is preferable that the thickness of the walls, 12, is not greater than 40% of the internal diameter 8 of the component element 6. The configuration of the outer contour of the shaped bodies 9, 9 a - 9 x, 11 - llx, can be chosen in an aroitrary manner and is not limited to the contours shown in Figures 3 and 4, with the premise that for the maximum dimension of the contour the dependence exposed between the diameter of the component element 6 and the diameters of the shaped bodies 9, 9 a - 9 x, 11. - 11 x. The same also applies to the configuration of the inner contour of a shaped body 11 - 11x. It is advantageous that the dehydrating material with which the shaped bodies 9, 9 a-9x, 11-llx are manufactured, has as a main component a sieve by molecular action. So that the refrigeration circuit is available during a prolonged operating period, and especially in the case of large refrigeration installations, which usually has to be longer than the time it takes to saturate the dehydrating material of the shaped bodies 9, 9 a-9x, 11-llx, it is possible for example to design the splice in a detachable manner between the component element 6 and the throttle element which can also be an expansion valve, so that the shaped bodies can be formed in a manner that , 9 a - 9x, 11 - llx are accessible, with a view to their replacement. For this purpose it is recommended to make the shaped bodies 9, 9 a - 9 x, 11 llx provided with a tightly fixed wire by means of which the shaped bodies 9, 9 a - 9x, 11 - 11 x, exhausted, can be removed without problem after the removal of the screen 15 of the component 6. It is, of course, possible to provide suitable corresponding fittings or connectors within the component element 6, when the shaped bodies 9, 9 to 9x, 11-11 x have to be placed in a certain area within the cooling circuit that does not correspond to the section of duct 7 of the component element 6, to which the throttle element is directly impaled. The premise is that a type of union is chosen that guarantees the dryness and stability of the lower part of the cooling circuit. There is also the possibility of arranging the shaped parts 9, 9 a - 9x, 11 - 11 x, in different sections of a liquid refrigerant conductive component element, which may contribute, among others, to a further improvement of the degree of dryness and stability of the inner part of the cooling circuit and thus to the improvement of the dynamic behavior of the drying of the cooling system. For the sole purpose of completing the inner part of the cooling circuit of the refrigeration system shown, the sense of the stream 14 of the gaseous refrigerant in the component 5 of the evaporator 2 is indicated in FIG. 1.

References of Figures 1. - Condenser 2. Evaporator 3. Capillary 4. Compressor 5. Component element for gaseous refrigerant 6. Component element for liquid refrigerant 7. Duct section 8. Interior diameter 9. - Shaped body 9a.- Shaped body 9b.- Shaped body 10. - External diameter 11.- Shaped body of hollow cylinder 12. - Thickness of the wall 13.- Semi-internal diameter 14. - Direction of the gaseous refrigerant stream 14 to . -Direction of the liquid refrigerant stream 15. - Strainer

Claims (14)

1. - Refrigeration circuit with condenser and evaporator, characterized in that within the conductive component elements of the liquid refrigerant have been formed bodies formed by dehydrating material and adapted to the internal geometric configuration of the respective component elements.

2. Cooling circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that a downstream sieve is disposed in the direction of the refrigerant stream in the conductive component of the liquid refrigerant, following the bodies made of dehydrating material.

3. - Cooling circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that the screen is constituted by a sintered body.

4. Cooling circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the shaped bodies carry as an essential component a sieve by molecular action.

5. Cooling circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, in the case of a curved component element in the form of a meander or serpentine, the shaped bodies are installed in a straight section of the component element.

6. - Cooling circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the section corresponds to that area of the component element, considered downstream in the direction of the refrigerant stream, to which is connected or spliced the choke element which is preferably a capillary or an expansion valve.

7. - Cooling circuit according to any one of claims 1 and 6, characterized in that a shaped body consists of an oblong shaped part whose outer diameter is greater than half the internal diameter of the component element, but smaller than the inner diameter of the component element.

8. - Cooling circuit according to any one of claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the shaped body consists of a hollow cylinder-shaped part whose wall thickness is less than half the internal diameter of the component element and whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the component element.

9. - Cooling circuit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the geometric shape of the outer contour of the shaped body can be chosen arbitrarily.

10. Cooling circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that the internal contour of the hollow cylinder-shaped body can be chosen arbitrarily.

11. Cooling circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that several loose shaped bodies are consecutively inserted into the component element.

12. - Cooling circuit according to claim 11, characterized in that the shaped bodies are inserted loosely with a geometric contour of different configuration, in the component element.

13. - Cooling circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the section of the component element is adapted, in the adjacent area of the capillary or of an expansion valve to the diameter of the capillary or of the expansion valve .

14. - Cooling circuit according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the connection between an expansion valve and the component element is of the uncoupling type and the shaped bodies are replaceable.