MXPA00003928A - Flexible dimension temporary and long-term provisional crowns - Google Patents

Abstract

A set of fiber polycarbonate shells (20) for making bicuspid and molar crowns have lingual sidewalls (26) shorter than the buccal sidewalls for easy fit gingivally and occlusally and are sized to fit loosely between adjacent, and opposed teeth. The shells have windows (32, 34) in the mesio-distal sidewalls, and a window (353) in the occlusal wall. Using such shells provides crowns for a good fit to a prepared tooth and relative to adjacent and opposed teeth by filling the shell with glass filled acrylic resin filler, biting down on the filled shell to position the shell gingivally and occlusally. Resin filler (36A, 38A) extrudes through the windows to form good proximal contacts, with the shell rocking about the facial gingival margin to a comfortable occlusion with an opposed tooth. The excess resin filler, and shell are easily shaped to form the final crown. The crown, formed by polycarbonate reinforced resin, is durable enough for long-term wear.

Description

TEMPORARY AND LONG-TERM PROVISIONAL CROWNS OF FLEXIBLE DIMENSION DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to temporary and temporary dental crowns, and more particularly to flexible-dimensioned crown jaws and temporary and provisional dental crown manufacturing methods using such cuirasses Currently, there are three primary methods for the manufacture of temporary and temporary crowns. In the first technique, conventional prefabricated crown shapes, or jackets, made of a metal such as aluminum or stainless steel, or of polycarbonate such as ion crown shapes sold by 3M Corporation, cut out and shape to fit a prepared tooth . Other examples of temporary crowns of this type are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,015,332 (Manne); 4,678,435 (Long); 4,778,386 (Spiry) and 5,458,489 (Tennyson). The second technique relates to the manufacture of a print on the tooth before the tooth is prepared for a crown. The impression is then filled with a glass-acrylic material and placed on the prepared tooth. The material is fixed and then removed from the dental impression, trimmed, polished and seated in the mouth. ~ _ The third primary technique, used and recommended by Gordon Christenson, is also popular. A ball similar to a polymethyl methacrylate putty is applied to a prepared tooth, the patient bites it, and the material begins to set. Before the fixation is completed, the material similar to a putty is removed from the tooth, cut out and placed back on the tooth; the fixation material is then trimmed and adjusted to the bite, and the temporary crown is fixed on the tooth. A variation of this technique, described in U.S. Patent No. 5,385,469, uses a tubular dental shape to form a universal crown in situ. Each of these techniques has several advantages and disadvantages. The first technique, which uses prefabricated forms, is quick and simple, but the adjustment of the "conventional shell is not very good, the margins are not fixed well enough, it is difficult to obtain close contact with the adjacent teeth. , and the contours and occlusion are not always good Some manufacturers try to overcome the disadvantages of the sizes and shapes of the breastplates proliferating.The approach is expensive, and takes too long for the dentist to select the right size and shape of a selection of as many as eighty different sizes and shapes of molars and bicuspids.The reinforcing material adds a degree of freedom by providing an incision shell that has grooves in the meso-distal sides to allow the shell to flex in the lip-lingual direction around a hinge axis on the occlusal surface7 The length provides a degree of freedom in a temporary molar crown by having the sides meso-di Open layers to allow the acrylic resin filler material to protrude proximally towards the adjacent contact teeth. The cuffs, like the others used in this technique, require the insertion of the free edges of the buccal and lingual side walls to ensure a good coupling in the gingival margins thus "as a good occlusion." Long cuiras, with meso sides -Distens open, it also seems to require substantial cutting of the filler material.This cut and adjustment takes time for the dentist and the patient.The second technique gives good contours and bite accuracy but this consumes time and the strength and durability of the crowns The manufacture of impressions is also time-consuming, and it can not be done if the patient's tooth is already broken when it is initially treated.The third technique of free formation of a temporary material similar to a mask is adequate. and relatively fast if it is carried out by an expert or technical dentist.The main problem with this, approach is that it is a very sensitive technique. A dental technician must be capable enough to accurately engineer the anatomy of the tooth. Another problem is that special care must be taken to ensure that the patient's mouth is not injured by the exothermic reaction that is involved in curing the material similar to a putty. All of the above techniques take half an hour or more of work for the dentist to attach a temporary or temporary crown to a patient. The resulting temporary or temporary crown is typically not very durable and therefore. So much is not suitable for long-term use. With the exception of the stainless steel breastplates that are very durable but are more difficult to attach and crush the occluded surfaces to obtain a comfortable bite. Consequently, there is still a need to find a way to manufacture temporary and temporary crowns that is fast and accurate, that provides a good coupling without much cutting, that is enough. Durable for long-term use, and that is economical. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to simplify the fabrication, coupling and installation of temporary and temporary crowns. Another object of the invention is to manufacture temporary and temporary crowns that fit well and are durable enough for long-term use. Still another object is to make crowns that fit well but that are economical in terms of materials and time consuming to fit the crowns. In general, the invention combines the advantages of two of the conventional techniques currently used, using both free-form techniques and specially designed cuffs, in a manner that avoids the major disadvantages of the techniques when used individually. The cuirasses have windows in the meso-distal side walls. A material or resin similar to a putty is used, similar to that used in the technique of free form but with form controlled by the shell and the partial windows provided in it, which saves time to the dentist in the formation of the crown temporary or temporary long-term The meso-distal side walls each include recessed indentations which are attached to the windows to receive and retain the projected resin in close contact with the adjacent teeth. The cuirasses are designed with interproximal and lingual short side walls in such a way that no cut of the cuirasses is required. This, in the same way, saves a lot of time for the dentist. The cuffs give the dentist several degrees of freedom, in such a way. that most molars and bicuspids can be coupled with only the limited range of symmetrical sizes and shapes of armor. The present invention facilitates temporary or temporary crowns to be coupled to a patient quickly, at half the time or less than the time required by the prior art, to provide good proximal, gingival and occlusive coupling, and to provide long-term durability. . These and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become more readily apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of a polycarbonate shell to make a temporary crown according to the first embodiment of the invention. FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of a temporary crown made with the shell of FIGURE 1 and placed on the prepared tooth after being filled with Super T acrylic resin that is extruded through the partial windows on the meso-distal sides of the tooth. the temporary crown. FIGURE 3 is a perspective view of the temporary crown of FIGURE 2 removed from the patient's tooth for the formation of the extruded resin using an acrylic washer. FIGURE 4 is a perspective view similar to FIGURE 2 showing the configured temporary crown replaced in the patient's prepared tooth., which falls along the edge of the occluded surface indicating an area - to be crushed for bite adjustment. FIGURE 5 is a view similar to FIGURE 4 showing the temporal crown after its formation for bite adjustment, an interrupted line indicates the portion of the temporary crown formed by the extruded and shaped resin, which is projected towards the windows on the middle side of the crown. FIGURES 6 and 7 are side and plan views of a portion of the patient's denture showing the spacings used to select a meso-distal-sized breastplate suitable for coupling with a tooth prepared in accordance with the invention. FIGURE 8 is a side view similar to the _ FIGURE 6 showing the dimension in the occlusal-gingival direction. FIGURES 9 and 10 are top and bottom perspective views of a second embodiment of a shell for a bicuspid according to the invention. FIGURES 11 and 12 are views in elevation in plan and lateral (meso-distal) of the shell of FIGURES 9 and 10. FIGURE 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 13-13 in FIGURE 12 FIGS. 14-16 are plan views, side elevation and cross section similar to FIGS. 11-13 showing a shell for a molar according to the invention. FIGURES 17-20 are plan views, in lateral elevation, buccal end and cross section of the shell for a bicuspid according to a third embodiment of the invention. FIGURES 21-24 are plan views, in lateral elevation, buccal end and cross section of a shell for a molar according to the third embodiment of the invention. FIGURES 1-5 show the basic concept of the present invention in a first embodiment. FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of a shell 20 for making a provisional or temporary long-term bicuspid. This description applies equally to a shell for a molar, which is described in more detail in connection with the FIGURES of the subsequent drawings. The shell 20 is preferably molded integrally of polycarbonate but can be made of other polymeric materials and can be made by machining. This has an upper wall 22 defining an occlusal surface; a buccal side wall 24; and a lingual side wall 26 spaced from the buccal sidewall. The lingual side wall 26 is shorter than the buccal side wall 24, for ease of engagement of the gingival margins 25, 27, as described below. The opposite distal middle side walls 28, 30, are connected to the upper wall and the buccal and lingual side walls and are separated to define a central cavity for engaging a prepared tooth Meso-distal side walls 28, 30 have windows 32, 34, each forming a partial opening in the respective side wall for acrylic resin (see 36A, 38A in FIGURE 2) to project from the proximal cavity to an adjacent tooth when the shell engages a prepared tooth. The shell 20 can be born and used with a window only in a side wall, but it is preferred that it has the windows in both side walls, each window having a size sufficient for the resin to project proximately in an amount sufficient to form a contact close to the adjacent tooth but sufficiently smaller than a surface area of the meso-distal side wall of the crown to control a flow of the resin sde the cavity. The window., Shown in the modality of FIGURE 1, has an area about half the general area of the meso-distal lateral wall of the shell. - " FIGURES 2-5 show the current method of fabricating temporary or long-term provisional crowns for molars and bicuspids using breastplates similar to shell 20. FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of a portion of the patient's mouth that shows a temporary crown 40A made with the polycarbonate shell 20 by filling the central cavity with a quantity of Super T acrylic resin and placing the shell and the resin filler on the prepared tooth. The closure of the patient's mouth holds the shell 40A filled with resin against an opposing tooth, thereby configuring the resin filler within the cavity toward the prepared tooth. This step also establishes an occlusal contact of the occlusal surface of the shell with the opposite tooth, and extrudes a portion of the resin filler from the cavity through the windows in the meso-distal side walls. The resin extruded through the windows when the patient bites the shell 20 forms extrusions 36A, 38A on the proximal sides of the temporal crown that comes in contact with the adjacent teeth. A portion of the meso-distal side walls 28, 30 along the buccal and lingual margins of each window 32, 34 ~ is directed to the extrusion of the resin proximally towards the adjacent teeth. FIGURE 3 shows the temporary crown 40A of FIGURE 2 removed from the patient's tooth and held in the dentist's fingers to be configured from the extruded resin using an acrylic washer 42 to contour its outer surface to be coupled occlusally and proximally in the patient's denture . The step includes cutting and forming the acrylic resin extrusions 36A, 38A. The cutting of the gingival margins of the shell 20 is generally unnecessary. The shells can be made in two lengths to fit a wide range of exposed tooth lengths. The cuffs are preferably formed with the lingual side wall 26 sufficiently shorter than the buccal side wall 24 to allow a degree of freedom in the placement of the occlusal wall or higher as the patient bites the gingival margin 27 of the lingual wall. 26_ engaging the patient's gum This feature is further explained in the following: FIGURE 4 shows the temporary crown 40B with configured extrusions 36B, 38B, placed back on the patient's prepared tooth. edge of the surface 22 occlusal indicates a buccal apex of the temporal crown that is crushed by the bite adjustment FIGURE 5 shows the temporal crown 40C, after the formation for bite adjustment. selection of the appropriate size of the shell for the prepared tooth (described further in the following) by filling, setting and cementing the crown in the tooth e prepared, it takes about half an hour and is required to complete the temporary crowns using the previous techniques, typically less than 15 minutes. A dotted line in FIGURES 4 and 5 indicates the portion of the temporary crown formed by the extruded and formed resin, to which it projects through the partial windows on the proximal sides of the crown 40C. Once the crown is finished, the edge between the shell and the filler material is substantially smooth and almost invisible except for close inspection. The close fit for the adjacent teeth will resemble that of a natural tooth, as will the occlusion with opposing teeth. The 40C crown will also be hermetically sealed to the patient's tooth along the gingival margins. The resulting crown is composed of acrylic resin reinforced with polycarbonate which is very durable, suitable for use as a long-term provisional crown. FIGS. 6-8 show several views of a portion of the patient's denture to illustrate preferred spacings used to select a meso-distal and adequate gingival occlusion shell to engage a prepared tooth 60 freely between adjacent teeth 62, 64 with the patient's bite in a closed position. FIGURES 6 and 7 show the dimension of the shell 20 (shown in dotted lines in FIGS. 7 and 8) meso-distally toward the position of the meso-distal side walls approximately midway between the meso-distal surfaces such as teeth 62, 64 of those of the prepared teeth, that is, the half between the amplitude A and the amplitude B in FIGURES 6. The resulting position is shown by the shell 20 in dotted lines in FIGURES 7 and 8. It is preferred form a series of breastplates that include bicuspid and molar cuirasses of at least two meso-distal amplitudes within the usual scale of separations for teeth in permanent dentition. The dimension allows the dentist to select one of the breastplates for a prepared tooth since it has a meso-distal amplitude such that the breastplate is passively engaged between the adjacent teeth with a clarity on the scale of half a millimeter. The remaining remaining gap is filled by the resin filling projections 36A, 38A. The arrangement makes possible the coupling of the crown proximally very easy in comparison with the armrests of the prior art. In reference to FIGURE 8, the shell 20 is also dimensioned to a length in an occlusal-gingival direction to passively engage against an opposing tooth 66 with the patient's bite in a closed position on the unfilled shell. the above, a series of cuirasses can include the different occlusal-gingival lengths of a given bicuspid or molar, to accommodate the usual scale of variation in tooth length that occurs among humans.For a given prepared tooth length, the cuirass it is dimensioned occlusally-gingivally to provide a space C about half the amplitude D of the space between the occlusal wall of the shell 20 and the opposite tooth 66. In the selection of one of the cuffs to be passively engaged, the dentist preferably select the shell for a given tooth having an occlusal-gingival length such that a gingival margin 25 of the shell approximately engages a margin g ingival of the prepared tooth and the occlusal surface of the shell that has an opposite tooth space 66 of the half___ of a millimeter. FIGURES 9-13 shows several views of a second embodiment of a shell 120 for a bicuspid according to the invention. The general arrangement and procedure for making the temporary and provisional crowns using the shell 120 are largely the same as those described above for the shell 12Q. The parts of the shell 120 having corresponding parts in the shell 20 are denoted by the same reference numerals, increased by 100. In consequence, the shell 120 has an occlusal wall 122 or greater, side walls 124, 126 buccal, with margins 125, 127 gingival, respectively, and lateral walls 128, 130 proximal. The windows 132, 134 of the shell 120 are U-shaped and are folded along the gingival margins of the adjacent side walls, while the windows 32, 34 of the window 20 are folded along the corresponding margins. . Each of the windows 132, 134 is narrower than the windows 32, 34 and preferably occupies an area that is about one third of the general area of the next side wall in which a window is formed. The shell 120, the occlusal wall 122 or higher also includes a window, preferably in this embodiment, a pair of windows 150, 152 in the form of elongated ovals spaced around a central bridge 154. The window or windows facilitate the extrusion of a portion of the filling resin from inside the central cavity, from the shell to the upper side of the upper wall 122 when the patient holds the filled shell in the manufacturing step shown in FIGURE. 2. The upper wall 122 of the shell 120 has a first surface 122A occluded and further includes a second surface 122B recessed between the first surface and the window. The recessed surface forms a recessed margin around the window for receiving the extruded resin filler through the windows 150, 152 and retains the resin around the windows in such a way that it is formed by contact with the occlusal surface of a tooth opposite 66 (FIGURE 8). Similarly, the proximal surfaces of the shell 120 preferably include areas 128B, 130B recessed between the vertical sides of the windows 132, 134 and the outermost proximal surfaces 128A, 130A of the shell. The recessed areas 128B, 130B form a recessed margin around the windows 132, 134 to receive the extruded resin filler through the windows and retain them in close contact with the adjacent teeth 62, 64 (FIG.

In this embodiment, the gingival margins 125, 127 of the shell are also formed with a stepped section cross section profile, which aids in the reception and retention of the resin around the margins to form an upper seal with the prepared tooth. Another feature of this embodiment is that the lateral lingual wall 126 is shorter than the buccal side wall by a ratio of approximately 3: 4. FIGURES 14-16 show a shell for a molar of essentially the same design of the second bicuspid embodiment described in the foregoing. - The corresponding structural elements and characteristics are indicated by the same reference numbers, increased by 100, and do not require further description. The main difference of the bicuspid, in addition to the difference in shape for its molars, is that the lingual side wall 226 is proportionally shorter than the buccal side wall 224, this time by a ratio of approximately 2: 3. FIGURES 17-24 show breastplates for a bicuspid 320 and a molar 420 according to a third embodiment of the invention. The elements and structural characteristics in common with the modalities previously described are indicated by similar reference numbers increased by 100. There are several differences in this modality. First, the upper side wall 322, 422 has a single window 353, 453, which is of transverse configuration, as best seen in FIGS. 17 and 21. This arrangement somehow provides more area for extrusion of filler. resin in wall 322., 422 upper, but still provides a narrow gap to support the filler in the finished crown. Second, the gingival margins of the shell taper internally, as shown by the margins ~ 325, 327 and 425, 427 in FIGURES 20 and 24, respectively. A third difference is that the side walls 326, 426 are proportionally shorter even than the side walls 324, 424 buccal, this time by a ratio of about 1: 2. The relationship gives the greatest freedom of the gingival margin of the lateral lingual wall to be placed vertically along the lingual side of the prepared tooth in such a way that the buccal apex of the shell can move buccally-lingually around a gingival margin of the lateral wall buccal. An even shorter lingual side wall can be used but without much more advantage in the freedom of lingual margin or buccal apex placement, and with less flow control of the lingual filler resin when the patient bites the filled breastplate in the mouth. step shown in FIGURES 2. The preferred material for this embodiment is 20% polycarbonate filled with fine glass fiber. The resin is preferably an acrylic resin filled with Super T glass. A further feature and advantage of the invention is best observed in the third embodiment. This modality incorporates a generic design suitable for easy coupling in "the four quadrants of" the denture of the patient. A kit consisting of eight sides and forms of breastplates, four molars and four bicuspids, sized as shown in FIGURES 7 and 8, exceeds the 95% coupling of the permanent posterior denture without cutting. The equipment does not require the right or left mirror image cuirasses for the right or left teeth, nor does it require specific maxillary and specific mandibular cuffs. The cuffs 320, 420 are symmetrical about a buccal-lingual axis all other side walls of the cuffs 320, 420 are short enough "to" passively engage (ie, without interference with the prepared tooth, adjacent teeth and opposing teeth) ) when the patient's bite is in the closed position. The acrylic resin filler is extruded from the meso-distal side wall in a controlled manner to form good close contacts. The resin is also extruded along the gingival margins of the shell to form an adequate marginal seal on all sides of the prepared tooth. Because the side wall 326426 lingual is substantially shorter than the buccal side wall 324, 424, the shell 320, 420, is free to rotate approximately from the facial gingival margin 325, 425 of the buccal sidewall as the patient bites the shell filled with resin. This arrangement eliminates the need to cut the margins of the shell. Facilitates the proper placement; the apex of the mouth of the breastplate in relation to the opposite teeth; and reduces the need to cut excess resin in shell material from the facial (buccal) and crown occlusal surfaces. Having described and illustrated the principles of the invention in a preferred embodiment thereof, it should be apparent that the invention can be modified in the arrangement and in detail without departing from such principles.

Several novel features described herein can be used in different combinations and modified in form and dimension. For example, a single oval window can be used on the occlusal surface; or the "gingival step margins of the second modality can be used in the first or third modalities, or the recessed areas that join the windows in the second modality can be used in other modalities." All modifications and variations are claimed. that are within the spirit and scope of the following claims.

Claims (31)

1. . CLAIMS 1. A shell (20) for making a temporary or long-term provisional crown (40C) characterized in that it comprises: an upper wall (22) defining an occlusal surface; a buccal side wall (24); a lingual side wall (26) separated from the buccal side wall (24); and opposed meso-distal side walls (28, 30) connected to the upper wall (22) and the buccal and lingual side walls (24, 26) and spaced apart to define a central cavity for engaging a prepared tooth (60); at least one of the side walls (28.30) has a window (32, 34) that forms a partial opening in the side wall (28, 30) so that the resin projects from the meso-distal cavity to an adjacent tooth (60), the meso-distal side wall (28, 30) includes a recessed area that attaches to the window (32, 34) to receive and retain the projected resin (36A, 38A) in proximal contact with the tooth adjacent (62, 64). The shell (20) according to claim 1, 12 or 31, characterized in that the window (32, "34) is of sufficient size for the resin to project from the meso-distal cavity in an amount sufficient" for forming a contact close to the tooth (62, 64) adjacent but sufficiently smaller than "a surface area of the meso-distal side wall (28, 30) of the crown (40C) to control a flow of the resin (36A, 38A, of the cavity 3. The shell "(20) according to claim 1, 12 or 31, characterized in that the window (32, 34) has a size of approximately one-third of one half of an area of the meso-distal lateral wall (28, 30) of the temporal Torona (40C). 4- The shell (120) according to claim 1, characterized in that the meso-distal wall (128, 130) has a first meso-distal surface (128A, 130A) and a second recessed surface (128B, 130B) between the first surface (128A, 130A) and window (132, 134) forming a recessed margin around the window (132, 134) to receive and retain the projected resin (36A, 38A). 5. The shell (20) of claim 1, characterized in that both side walls (28, 30) of the shell (20) have "windows" (32, 34) 6. The shell (120) in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the upper wall (122) of the shell (120) includes a window (132, 134) for the resin to project in an occlusal manner from the cavity 7. The shell (120) in compliance with claim 6, characterized in that the upper wall (122) of the shell (120) includes two of the windows (150, 152) spaced meso-distally by a bridge (154) extending in a buccal-lingual direction. The shell (120) according to claim 6, characterized in that the upper wall (122) of the shell (120) has a first occlusal surface (122A) and a second recessed surface (122B) between the first surface (122A) ) and the window (150, 152), forming a recessed margin around the window (1507 152) to receive and retain the resin around the window (150, 152). The shell (20) according to claim 1, 12 or 31, characterized in that the buccal side wall (24) and the top wall (22) form a buccal apex, the buccal side wall (24) that includes the buccal apex it is dimensioned in an occlusal-gingival direction to a first length less than a length of the patient's tooth; and the lingual side wall (26) is dimensioned in an occlusal-gingival direction to a second length less than the first length of the oral buccal wall (24) such that the buccal apex of the shell is free to move buccally-lingually around a gingival margin (25) of the buccal side wall (24). 10. The shell (20) according to claim 1 or 12 characterized in that the upper wall (22) and the side walls (24, 26, 28, 30T are integrally formed of a polymeric material and each meso-distal sidewall (28, 30) includes a recessed area that attaches to the window (30, 34) to receive and retain the projected resin (36A, 38A) securely in contact with the polymeric material. 11. The shell (120) according to claim 1, 12 or 31, characterized in that the window (132, 134) in the meso-distal side wall (128, 130) is generally U-shaped which does not flex to along a gingival periphery of the meso-distal side wall (128, 130) 12. The shell (120) to make a temporary or temporary long-term crown (40C) characterized in that it comprises: an upper wall (122) that define a surface (122) occlusal; a side wall (124) buccal; a lateral lingual wall (126) separated from the oral side wall (124); and opposite meso-distal side walls (128, 130) connected to the upper wall (122) and buccal and lingual side walls (124, 126) and spaced apart to define a central cavity for engaging a prepared tooth (60); the buccal side wall (124) has a first length in an occlusal-gingival direction and the lingual side wall (126") has a second length in the occlusal-gingival direction that is less than the first length and each meso-distal side wall (128, 130) includes a window (132, 134) forming a partial U-shaped opening in the side wall (128, 130) for the resin to project from the. cavity proximally to the tooth (62, 64) adjacently and lingually to form a seal along a gingival margin of the shell (120). The shell (120) according to claim 12, characterized in that the meso-distal side walls (128, 130) include recessed areas (128B, 130B) which are attached to the windows to receive and retain the resin (36A). , 38A) projected in close contact with the adjacent teeth (62, 64). 14. The shell (120) according to claim 12, characterized in that the upper wall 1 (122) includes a window (150, 152) that forms a partial opening for resin to project occlusally from the. cavity to an opposite tooth (66). The shell (120) according to claim 14, characterized in that the top wall (122) includes a recessed area (122B) that attaches to the window (150, 152) for receiving and retaining the projected resin in position to form for contact with the opposite tooth (66). 16. The shell (120) according to claim 12, characterized in that the side walls (128, 130) include recessed areas along a gingival periphery thereof for receiving and retaining the projected resin in sealed contact along a gingival margin (125, 127) of a prepared tooth. 17. The shell (120) according to claim 12, characterized in that the side wall (124) includes a removable tongue to handle the shell (120) during the manufacture of the crown (40C). cuffs (120, 2201 according to claim 12, characterized in that it includes multiple cuffs (120, 220) sized and shaped to attach to the permanent human bicuspids and molars, each of the cuirasses (120, 220) is symmetrically formed around the axis buccal-lingual in such a way that the shell (120, 220) of a selected size can be interchangeably coupled with a tooth on the right or left side of the patient and a mandibular or maxillary tooth 19. The set of breastplates (120, 220 ) according to claim 18, characterized in that it includes at least one shell (220) for one molar and one shell (120) for a bicuspid, in which each of the shells (120, 220) is dimensioned meso-distally to the position of the meso-distal lateral walls (128, 130, 228, 230) approximately midway between the meso-distal side and a prepared tooth (60) and a meso-distal tooth of a tooth (62, 64) adjacent. 20. The set of cuirasses (120, 220) according to claim 1 or 12, characterized in that it includes two shells (220) for molars and two shells (120) for bicuspids, in which the walls (128, 130, 228 , 230) meso-distal laterals of the first and second shell (220) for a coupling of a selected molar and first and second shell (120) for bicuspids include the first and second amplitudes, at least one of which can be coupled freely on a tooth (60) prepared between two adjacent teeth (62, 64) without cutting, such that the resin can leave the windows (132, 134, 232, 234) on the walls (128, 130, 228). , 230) lateral meso-distal to form a contact close to the adjacent teeth (62, 64) 21. A method of manufacturing temporary or temporary long-term crowns (40C) for molars and bicuspids, the method is characterized in that it comprises : the formation of a shell (20) comprising a top wall or (22) defining an occlusal surface, buccal (24) and lingual side walls, (26) and side walls (28,30) spaced apart to define a central cavity for engaging a tooth (60) prepared in the patient's mouth , with a window (32, 34) forming a partial opening7 in each meso-distal side wall (28, 30); the formation of side walls (28, 30) meso- "distal with a recessed area that joins the windows (32, 34) to receive and retain the projected resin in close contact with the adjacent teeth (62, 64); fill the central cavity with a quantity of "resin filler; place the shell (20) and the resin filler on the prepared tooth (60); close the patient's mouth to hold the tooth (60) prepared in the shell filled with resin (20) against an opposite tiger (66), thus forming the resin filler within the cavity for the prepared tooth (60), establishing an occlusal contact of the occlusal surface of the -corage (20) with the opposite tooth (66), and obstructing a portion of the resin filler (36A, 38A) of the cavity through the windows (132, 134) in the side walls. (28.30) to form a contact close to the adjacent teeth (62, 64); removing the shell (20) with extruded resin filler (36A, 38A) from the prepared tooth (60); and configuration of the shell (20) of extruded resin filler (36A, 38A) to contour an external surface thereof to engage occlusally and proximally in the patient's denture. = ~ 22. The method in accordance with the claim 21, characterized in that the forming step includes the dimension of the shell (20) for freely engaging it between the adjacent teeth (62, 64) with the patient's bite in a closed position. 23. The method according to the claim 22, characterized in that the shell (20) is dimensioned meso-distally with the position of the lateral (28, 30) ~ meso-distal walls approximately half the distance between the prepared tooth (60) and the meso-distal surfaces of the teeth (62, 64) adjacent to the prepared tooth (60). The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the forming step includes forming a series of shells (20) including shells (20) of at least two meso-distal amplitudes in the selection of one of the shells (20) having a meso-distal amplitude such that the shell is passively engaged between adjacent teeth (62, 64) with a clarity on the scale of half a millimeter. 25. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the shell (20) is dimensioned to a length in an occlusal-gingival direction to passively engage against an opposite tooth (66) with the bite of the patient in a closed position. 26. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that the shell (20) is dimensioned occlusally-gingivally to the position of the upper wall (22) approximately halfway between the prepared tooth (60) and the tooth (66) opposite. 27. The method according to claim 25, characterized in that the forming step includes forming a series of shells (20) including shells (20) of at least two occlusal-gingival lengths and _ selecting one of the shells ( 20) having a gingival-occlusal length such that a gingival margin of the shell approximately conforms to a gingival margin (25,27) of the prepared tooth (60) and the occlusal surface of the breastplate (22) has the opposite tooth's clearness of half a millimeter. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the closing passage in the patient's mouth extrudes a portion of the shell resin (20) along the gingival margin (27) at least the side wall (26). ") lingual of the shell (20) to form a sealing contact for the prepared tooth (60) 29. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the forming step includes the formation of a series of shells (20). ), the series includes the first and second shells (20) to fit one of the selected bicuspids and molars in which the side walls (24) buccal have the first lengths and the side walls (26) have lingual to the second lengths , smaller than the first respective lengths, to adjust the teeth of different lengths without cutting .-- The shell according to claim 1 or 12, characterized or a method according to claim 31, wherein side walls (28.30) fill a shorter length than the length of the buccal and lingual sidewalls (24, 26). 31. The shell (20) according to claim 1 or a method according to claim 21, characterized in that the side walls (24, 26, 28, 30) of the shell (20) are dimensioned to a relative length of the shell. tooth (60) prepared in such a way that a portion of the resin projects to form a seal along a gingival margin (25, 27) of the shell (20).