MXPA00002844A - Apparatus and method for cleanly breaking a continuously advancing cellulose web - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus and method for cleanly breaking a continuously advancing cellulose web includes a transfer fabric which supports and advances the cellulose web to a wind up zone. The transfer fabric forms a closed loop and is driven at a desired speed by a drive roll. At least two spray nozzles are arranged transversely across the advancing cellulose web as it is carried on the transfer fabric. The spray nozzles are capable of emitting a liquid under high pressure against the advancing cellulose web to form perforations across the width thereof. A plurality of hollow cores are independently and sequentially moved into position at the wind up zone to receive the advancing cellulose web. The hollow cores are located downstream of the spray nozzles and each hollow core is capable of accumulating a predetermined amount of the cellulose web. The apparatus further includes controls for activating the spray nozzles in timed sequence to the speed of the transfer fabric such that a predetermined amount of cellulose web can be accumulated on each hollow core to form a finished roll having a predetermined diameter. An assembly is also present for moving each of the finished rolls away from the advancing cellulose web while simultaneously moving a second hollow core into contact with the advancing cellulose web upstream of the finished roll. The contact by the second hollow core and the employment of vacuum increases the tension on the advancing cellulose web and causes the advancing cellulose web to cleanly break at the perforations and form a leading edge. A vacuum is then applied to the second hollow core which causes the leading edge of the advancing cellulose web to wrap onto it. The method encompasses the sequential steps required to break the advancing cellulose web using the above-identified apparatus.

Description

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CLEARLY BREAKING A CELLULOSE TISSUE CONTINUOUSLY FORWARD Field of the Invention This invention relates to an apparatus and method for cleanly breaking a cellulose tissue that is continuously advancing. More specifically, this invention relates to an apparatus and a method for cleanly breaking a cellulose fabric that continuously advances with a high-pressure liquid.

Background of the Invention In the production of a cellulose fabric, such as in a tissue paper machine, it is common practice to transfer the newly formed cellulose fabric to a transfer fabric and direct the cellulose fabric to a winding zone. In the winding zone, the cellulose fabric is wound onto a hollow core in a finished roll having a predetermined outside diameter. The hollow core is usually formed as an elongated cylinder which is made of thick cardboard and held in place by a winding reel. Once the cellulose fabric has been wound onto the first hollow core to a desired outside diameter, the cellulose fabric leaving the machine is cut into the ^ -w ^? "^ *" - * - transverse direction and the leading edge is directed to a second hollow core so that another finished roll can be formed. In the past, it was common to cut a tail for the "SUS" * threading, the finished roll was then removed and a second hollow core was properly placed to receive the incoming cellulose tissue. The leading edge of the cellulose fabric was wrapped around the periphery of the second hollow core to form another finished roll. This intermittent procedure was repeated until the newly formed cellulose fabric had been wound into a multitude of finished rolls.

As technology advanced and production speeds increased, it was no longer acceptable to stop the cellulose tissue that was advancing so that it could be cut and separated from the incoming tissue. One way in which this was achieved was to physically remove the finished roll from the advancing cellulose fabric and create a differential tension through the fabric which caused it to break or tear. A second hollow core was then placed in place to receive the incoming tissue. However, the torn fabric would then exhibit a torn or unevenly cut edge which could extend in the machine direction by between about 1 foot and about 50 feet due to the high operating speeds of the tissue paper machine. This was disadvantageous for several reasons. First, pieces of tissue Millions of cellulose, known as "trash," commonly broke from cellulose tissue that advances during the tearing process and could fly around the machine and accumulate on the floor. This required additional maintenance and presented a safety risk 5. Second, the broken edge tended to complicate the grip of the front edge on the second hollow core. If the tear extended by several feet, it also tended to cause the cellulose fabric to become entangled in the hollow core in a non-uniform manner and under a variable tension such that problems could arise in the conversion area when the fabric was being unrolled.

Therefore, there is a recognized need for an apparatus and a method to cleanly break a tissue of cellulose that continuously advances in the transverse direction so that it can be wrapped evenly over another hollow core.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Briefly, this invention relates to an apparatus and a method for cleanly breaking a progressing cellulose fabric is described. The apparatus includes a transfer fabric which supports and advances the cellulose fabric to a winding zone. The transfer fabric forms a closed circuit and is driven at a desired speed by a impeller roller. At least two spray nozzles are placed transversely through the advancing cellulose fabric as it is carried on the transfer fabric. The spray nozzles are capable of emitting a liquid under high pressure against the cellulose tissue that advances to form perforations through the width thereof. A plurality of hollow cores are independently and sequentially moved to a position in the winding zone to receive the advancing cellulose fabric. The hollow cores are located downstream of the spray nozzles and each hollow core is capable of accumulating a predetermined amount of the cellulose fabric. The apparatus further includes controls for activating the spray nozzles in a time sequence at the speed of the transfer fabric such that a predetermined amount of cellulose fabric can be accumulated in each hollow core to form a finished roll having a predetermined diameter . An arrangement is also present for moving each of the finished rolls away from the advancing cellulose fabric while simultaneously moving a second hollow core in contact with the cellulose tissue advancing upwardly of the finished roll. The contact with the cellulose fabric that advances through the second hollow core increases the tension between the first hollow core, while holding the finished roll, and causes the advancing cellulose tissue to break cleanly in the perforations and form a front edge . A vacuum is then applied to the second hollow core which causes the leading edge of the advancing cellulose fabric to wrap around it.

The method encompasses the steps in sequence required to break the advancing cellulose weave using the apparatus identified above.

The general object of this invention is to provide an apparatus and a method for cleanly breaking a cellulose fabric that advances continuously. A more specific object of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for cleanly breaking a cellulose fabric that continuously advances with a high pressure liquid.

Another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for rapidly and cleanly breaking a cellulose fabric continuously advancing in the transverse direction in a fabric forming machine.

Still another object of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for reducing cellulose waste associated with tearing or breaking of advancing cellulose tissue coming out of a tissue machine.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method to cleanly break a && amp; ^^ jgggg cellulose tissue that is continuously advancing in such a way that the probability that the front edge can be efficiently threaded on a new hollow core is improved.

Still further, an object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and method for cleanly breaking a cellulose fabric that progresses continuously while being transported on a fabric without ruining the fabric.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method to cleanly break a cellulose fabric in such a way that it improves the structure of the cellulose tissue roll which is accumulated in a hollow core and avoids problems to be after unrolling the cellulose fabric in a converting department.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be more for those skilled in the art in view of the following description and the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a diagram showing a cellulose tissue advancing carried by a transfer fabric to a winding zone and showing spray nozzles placed upwards of the hollow core which intermittently sprayed ^^ ^^ j ^ ^^^^ - liquid at high pressure on cellulose tissue and forms perforations in it.

Figure 2 is a side view of a plurality of spray nozzles positioned across the width of an advancing cellulose fabric.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a transfer fabric supporting a cellulose fabric having perforations formed therethrough.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a cellulose fabric that has been broken in the line of the perforations. Figure 5 is a diagram showing a second hollow core that makes contact with the cellulose tissue while the first filled core is being removed thereby creating an increased stress such that the cellulose fabric 20 breaks in the perforations formed by the liquid at high pressure.

Figure 6 is a flow diagram showing the steps of the method involved in cleanly breaking a cellulose tissue that is continuously advancing.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED INCORPORATION Referring to Figure 1, there is shown an apparatus 10 for cleanly breaking a cellulose fabric 12 that is continuously advancing. The apparatus 10 includes a transfer fabric 14 having an outer surface 16. The transfer fabric 14 may be constructed of natural or synthetic fibers and shall exhibit good dimensional stability, usage characteristics and drainage rate. The materials typically used today to build transfer fabrics 14 include polyethylene fibers, polypropylene fibers and mixtures thereof. The transfer fabric 14 is formed as a continuous closed circuit structure which functions to bring the cellulose fabric 12 from an upward location 18 to a winding zone 20. The transfer fabric 14 is driven by the drive roller 22 and follows a predetermined path around the winding drum 24 and one or more guide rolls. The two guide rollers, 26 and 28 respectively, are shown for illustration purposes only.

The transfer fabric 14 can be driven at a constant speed or it can be driven at a variable speed. The speed of the transfer cloth 14 will be determined by the type of equipment used, the type of cellulose fabric 12 being formed and by the production of the > - jW? Wj! machine located upwards of it. The cellulose fabric 12 can vary in structure and texture depending on its final use. The cellulose fabric 12 can be used to produce sanitary tissue, facial tissue, towels, writing paper, packaging paper, etc. In the production of the sanitary paper, the transfer fabric 14 can be operated at a speed of between about 1,000 feet per minute to about 6,000 feet per minute, preferably, from between about 2,000 feet per minute to about 5,000 feet per minute. minutes, and more preferably, from between about 3,000 feet per minute to about 5,000 feet per minute. When the transfer cloth 14 is used to support the cellulose fabric 12 which will be used to make the sanitary paper, the speed of the transfer cloth 14 should be at less than about 3,500 feet per minute.

When the cellulose fabric 12 is going to be used for sanitary paper, it will have a "t" thickness of between about .02 inches to about .07 inches (about of .25 millimeters to about 1.8 millimeters), preferably, a thickness "t" of from between about .02 inches to about .05 inches (about .5 millimeters to about 1.3 millimeters), and more preferably, a thickness "t" of between about .03 inches to about .04 inches (around .76 millimeters to around 1 millimeter).

It should be noted that the cello fabric 12 can be advanced by the transfer cloth 14 while it is being held at an elevated temperature. Especially in the formation of sanitary paper, the cellulose fabric 12 coming out of a Yankee dryer or a continuous dryer can be at a temperature of at least 100 ° F, preferably at a temperature of at least of 125 ° F, and more preferably, at a temperature above 150 ° F.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the apparatus 10 also includes at least two and more preferably a plurality of spray nozzles 30 positioned transversely across the width "w" of the cellulose fabric 12. The spray nozzles 30 are designed to issue a liquid 32 under high pressure against the advancing cellulose fabric 12 and form the perforations 34 through the thickness "t" of the cellulose fabric 12. The spray nozzles 30 can be arranged in a straight line which is aligned in the transverse direction (CD) of the cellulose fabric 12. The address The transverse web (CD) is aligned perpendicularly in the machine direction (MD) which represents the direction of travel of the cellulose fabric 12 as it is carried on the transfer fabric 14.

The spray nozzles 30 are connected to a source 36 of high pressure liquid 32 through one or more * «> ~~? »» »*? M ??? * ^ ^ a ^^^ Ste '? S «- ^. * ^ * ^ conduits. Two conduits, 38 and 40 respectively, are shown for illustration purposes only. The liquid 32 may be water, an aqueous solution containing certain additives, or a chemical solution designed to facilitate the formation of the perforations 34 in the cellulose fabric 12 which is continuously advanced. Water is the preferred liquid because it is cheap, it can be easily recycled or reused and is easily available. The water temperature can be controlled to provide optimum performance for the type of cellulose fabric 12 that is breaking. For some types of cellulose fabrics 12, the heated liquid can be beneficial but for many applications, the liquid at room temperature works well.

The liquid 32 is expelled or emitted out of the spray nozzles 30 at a high pressure. By "high pressure" is meant a pressure above 500 pounds per square inch (psi), preferably, a pressure of between about 500 pounds per square inch to about 3,000 psi, more preferably, a pressure of between about 1,000. psi at about 2,000 psi, and even more preferably, a pressure of about 1,200 psi. It should be noted that the pressure of the liquid may vary depending on the thickness "t" of the cellulose fabric 12, the speed of the cellulose fabric 12, the type of the liquid 32 used, the distance of the spray nozzles 30 are spaced far from the tissue of the cellulose. cellulose 12, the type of equipment used and the spray pattern of the liquid 32 exiting from the spray nozzles 30.

Each of the spray nozzles 30 contains a hole 42 through which the high pressure liquid exits. The size and shape of the orifice 42 will dictate the spray pattern of the liquid emanating from the spray nozzle 30. It should be noted that a variety of sizes and shapes can be used to pierce the advancing cellulose fabric 12. The actual tests have shown that when a cellulose fabric 12 is drilled which can be used to make toilet paper, an orifice 42 having a diameter of between about .01 inches to about 0.1 inches (about .25 millimeters to about 2.5 mm). A hole 42 having a diameter of at least .04 inches (about 1 millimeter) works even better and a diameter of at least about .05 inches (about 1.3 millimeters) works even better.

Still referring to figure 2, is the angle theta too important? to which the liquid 32 comes out of the orifice 42. This angle? should be at least about 90 degrees, preferably, the angle? should it be at least 100 degrees, and more preferably, the angle? it must be at least 110 degrees. The spray pattern of the liquid 32 can also be controlled and it has been found that a flat jet works better. The spray nozzles 30 can be purchased from various vendors who can also give technical information about the size of the orifice, the spray patterns and the liquids which can be used with the equipment. One such spraying nozzle distributor 30 is Spraymation, Inc. having an office at 5320 NW 35 Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33309-6314.

Also important is the distance at which the spray nozzles 30 are separated from each other by the advancing cellulose fabric 12. For good results, the spray nozzles 30 should be spaced between about 1 inch to about 5 inches. (about 25.4 millimeters to about 127 millimeters) of the upper surface of the cellulose fabric 12. Preferably, the spray nozzles 30 should be spaced at least about 2 inches (about 51 millimeters), and more preferably , at least about 3 inches (about 76 millimeters) from the upper surface of the cellulose fabric 12. The spray nozzles 30 should be arranged in such a way that it sprays high pressure liquid into the cellulose fabric which advances 12 to a 90 degree angle. Another way of describing this is to say that the spraying of the liquid at high pressure makes perpendicular contact with the advancing cellulose tissue 12. The individual spray nozzles 30 may be spaced apart from each other by a fixed distance which may partially depend on the spray pattern emanating from the orifice 42. The spray nozzles 30 may be spaced apart from each other by a distance from each other. about 3 inches (about 76 millimeters) to about 12 inches (about 305 millimeters). Preferably, the spray nozzles 30 will be spaced apart from one another by a distance of between about 5 inches (about 127 millimeters) to about 10 inches (about 254 millimeters).

Referring to Figures 2 and 4, the cellulose fabric 12 having a line of perforations 34 formed through the width "w" thereof in the transverse direction is shown. Each perforation 34 is separated by a plain area 46 which is much smaller in length than the length of the adjacent perforations 34. For example, if the perforations 34 have a length of between about 3 inches to about 12 inches (about 76 millimeters to about 305 millimeters), then the plain areas 46 should have a length of between about 1. inch to around 8 inches (around 25 millimeters to around 203 millimeters). Preferably, the planar areas 46 have a length which is at least 30 percent less than the length of the perforations 34. More preferably, the planar areas 46 may have a length which is at least 50 times less than the length of the perforations 34. The reason for making the plain areas 46 of a shorter length is that these areas may be broken by the tension below the spray nozzles 30. The less material is retaining the fabric cellulose 12 together will mean that a smaller force is required to separate the tissue 12. Another advantage of making the plain areas 46 small in size is that a cleaner break can be achieved.

As clearly seen in Figure 2, the planar areas 46 tend to be V-shaped in configuration because the high-pressure liquid 32 is flashing outwardly as it leaves the orifice 42 of the spray nozzles 30. This V-shaped profile is beneficial in that it reduces the amount of material in the plain areas 46 which need to be broken down. A smaller material equals a smaller tension force needed to achieve the break.

Turning our attention to Figure 3, one will note that the width "of each of the perforations 34 in the machine direction may vary depending on the speed of the advancing cellulose fabric 12, the pressure and the direction of the impact. of the high pressure liquid 32, and of the distance at which the spray nozzles 30 are spaced away from the upper surface of the cellulose fabric 12, together with other factors.When the cellulose fabric 12 is being It is carried by the transfer fabric 14 at a speed of about 3,500 feet per minute in the machine direction, the width "W" of the perforations 34 in the machine direction. they may vary from about 1 inch to about 10 inches (about 25 millimeters to about 254 millimeters) Preferably, the width "W" of the perforations 34 in the machine direction will be less than about 5 inches ( around 127 millimeters). It is a great advantage to keep the width "W" of the perforations 34 to a minimum because the probability of having long strands of fibers decreases out of the location of the break 48, see Figure 4.

The width "W" of the perforations 34 must also be controlled by the amount of time that the spray nozzles 30 are currently operating It is contemplated that the spray nozzles 30 will be fired for a short period of time. Spray nozzles 30 can operate for a period of between about 0.001 seconds to about 0.1 seconds Preferably, the spray nozzles 30 can operate for a period of between about 0.01 seconds to about 0.05 seconds. , the spray nozzles 30 can operate at about .01 seconds.The shorter the period of time where a high pressure liquid 32 leaves the orifices 42 of the spray nozzles 30, the smaller the width " W 'of the perforations 34. g ^^ gM | | Returning to Figure 1, the apparatus 10 also includes a plurality of hollow cores 50 which can move independently and sequentially in position in the winding zone 20 to receive the advancing cellulose fabric 12. The hollow cores 50 are reusable elongate cylinders generally constructed of coarse paperboard and having a length approximately equal to or greater than the width "W" of the cellulose fabric 12. The hollow cores 50 are retained on a winding reel (not shown) which passes through the center of the hollow core 50 and which is tightly held there by means of an inflatable bladder. The winding reel is designed to drive and rotate the hollow core 50 in a predetermined direction so as to accumulate the advancing cellulose fabric 12. The hollow cores 50 are located towards below the spray nozzles 30 and preferably are aligned adjacent the drum reel 24. Each hollow core 50 is designed to accumulate a predetermined amount of cellulose fabric 12. When the outer diameter of the cellulose fabric 12 is wrapped around the hollow core 50 reaches At a predetermined value, the cellulose fabric 12 can be broken or cut through its "W" width and the full spool will be removed. As a second hollow core 52 moves to contact the advancing cellulose fabric 12, a vacuum is applied which causes the front edge of the fabric to be applied. of cellulose 12 is wound onto the second hollow core 52. Then a second roll will start to form on second hollow core 52. This procedure is repeated while the cellulose fabric 12 is advancing on the transfer fabric 14.

In order to form a clean cut in the line of perforations 34, it is necessary to have a controller 54 which activates the spray nozzles 30 in a time sequence at the speed of the transfer cloth 14. The spray nozzles 30 will be operated based on a predetermined outside diameter of the filled or finished cellulose fabric roll 12 which one wishes to have accumulated in the hollow core 50. This outer diameter of the cellulose fabric roll 12 can be introduced into the controller 54 on an intermittent basis or continue, if desired. For example, the outer diameter of the cellulose tissue roll 12 can be monitored by optical sensors or other commercially available mechanisms known to those skilled in the art. When the cellulose roll 12 is almost full to its capacity, a signal is sent to the controller 54 which activates the spray nozzles 30 so that a line of perforations 34 is formed through the cellulose fabric 12 advancing to a place which will represent the end or tail of the cellulose fabric 12 accumulated in the hollow core 50.

In a time relationship with the formation of the perforations 34, the controller will send a signal to the assembly S? S ^^ ggiim 56. The assembly 56 may include a carriage and hydraulic components which are designed to hold the filled roll 50 and a second hollow core 52. The assembly 56 will begin to remove the first filled roll 50 out of the cellulose fabric 12 advancing while simultaneously moving the second hollow core 52 in contact with the advancing cellulose fabric 12. The second hollow core 52 may be placed upwardly of the filled roll 50. By contacting the second hollow core 52 with the advancing cellulose fabric 12, the tension in the cellulose fabric 12 will be increased between the filled roll 50 and the second hollow core 52. This increased tension causes the cellulose fabric 12 to Advances is broken cleanly in the line of perforations 34 formed in the transverse direction.

Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the break creates a tail edge 58 and a leading edge 60. The tail edge 58 will continue on the filled roll 50 while the leading edge 60 is brought into contact with the second hollow core 52. One way to press the leading edge 60 towards the second hollow core 52 is by using vacuum. A plurality of small holes or openings may be formed in the periphery of the hollow core and a vacuum is created and directed through the winding reel. This vacuum causes the front edge 60 to move over the second hollow core 52 and, as the second hollow core 52 is rotated by the winding reel, the fabric will wrap around this core 52. The assembly 56 can then adjust the the exact position of the second hollow core 52 so that it occupies the position that the first hollow number 50 left vacant.

The apparatus 10 also has a funnel 62 located under the transferred fabric 14 for directing broken pieces or short pieces of cellulose fabric 12 which are not to be used. The funnel 62 directs this pedacer into a hopper 64 so that it can be collected and eventually recycled.

METHOD The method for cleanly breaking a continuously advancing cellulose fabric 12 will be explained with reference to the flow chart shown in Figure 6. Using apparatus 10 discussed above, a continuous web or sheet of cellulose fabric 12 is advanced over a web of fabric. transfer 14 from a place 18 upwards to a winding zone 20. The location 18 upwards can be a Yankee dryer, a continuous dryer or some other type of equipment. The cellulose fabric 12 is carried by a transfer fabric 14 at a desired speed which is preferably constant. The transfer fabric 14 is driven by a drive roller 22. The advancing cellulose fabric 12 is directed beyond two or more, preferably a plurality, of sprayed nozzles 30. The spray nozzles 30 are arranged in a line that it extends through a cellulose fabric 12 in a transverse direction. The spray nozzles 30 intermittently spray a high pressure liquid 32, such as water, onto the advancing cellulose fabric 12 and form a series of perforations 34 therethrough. The high pressure liquid 32 can penetrate through the cellulose fabric 12 but will not damage or destroy the transfer fabric 14. The cellulose fabric 12 is directed by the transfer fabric 14 onto a first hollow core 50 which rotates and accumulates the cellulose fabric 12 which advances to form a filled or finished roll having a predetermined diameter.

When the first hollow core 50 is almost filled, a signal is sent to a controller 54 which activates the spray nozzles 30 for a short period of time, preferably of about .01 seconds. All spray nozzles 30 are activated simultaneously. High pressure liquid 32 pierces the tissue of cellulose 12 in a certain pattern which extends across the width "w" of the cellulose fabric 12. While this is occurring, the controller 54 will send a signal to the actuator 56 which will move a second hollow core 52 to make contact with the cellulose tissue that advances 12. The second hollow core 52 will be placed above the first filled roll 50. At the same time, the assembly 56 will begin to remove the first filled roll 50. Removing the first filled roll 50 and adhering the vacuum of the second hollow core 52 creates an increased tension in the cellulose fabric 12 and this will break along the line of perforations 34. It should be noted that the line of perforations 34 it will be located between the first and second hollow cores, 50 and 52 respectively, when the break occurs if the system is functioning properly.

The breaking of the cellulose fabric 12 creates a tail edge 58 and a leading edge 60. The tail edge completes the winding of the cellulose fabric 12 over the first filled roll 50 while the leading edge 60 is pressed towards the second hollow core 52 by a vacuum which creates a subatmospheric pressure. The vacuum can pass through the winding reel which will firmly hold the second hollow core in position. A plurality of small openings formed in the hollow core 52 provide conduits for vacuum. While the front edge 60 is sucked against the second hollow core 52, the winding spool will rotate the hollow core and the cellulose fabric 12 will begin to wind around it. The assembly 56 can replace the second hollow core 52 in such a way that it will occupy the identical position as the first hollow core 50 did when it was being filled.

Even though the invention has been described in conjunction with a specific embodiment, it should be understood that many alternatives, modifications and variations may be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of the description described above. Accordingly, this invention is intended to encompass all those alternatives, modifications and variations which will fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (20)

CLAIMS;

1. An apparatus for cleanly breaking a continuously advancing cellulose fabric comprising: a) a transfer fabric which supports and advances said cellulose fabric to a winding zone, said transfer fabric forms a closed circuit and is driven to a desired speed by a roller 10 Impulsor; b) at least two spray nozzles arranged transversely through said advancing cellulose fabric carried on transfer fabric, said nozzles 15 of spraying are able to expel a liquid under high pressure against said cellulose tissue that advances to form perforations through the width thereof; c) a plurality of hollow cores that can independently and sequentially move position in said winding zone to receive said advancing cellulose fabrics, said hollow cores being located downstream of said spray nozzles, each of said hollow cores being capable of of accumulating a predetermined amount of said cellulose fabric 25; d) control means for activating said nozzles in a sequence of time at the speed of said transfer fabric such that a predetermined amount of cellulose tissue can be accumulated in each of said hollow cores to form filled rolls, having a diameter default; e) assembly means for moving each of said rolls filled with said advancing cellulose fabric while simultaneously moving a second hollow core in contact with said cellulose fabric advancing up said filled roll, said contact increasing the tension in said cellulose fabric that advances and causes said cellulose fabric to break cleanly in said perforations and form a front edge; Y f) vacuum means for causing said front edge of said advancing cellulose fabric to be wound on the second hollow core, said vacuum means being applied to said second hollow core.

2. The apparatus as claimed in clause 1 characterized in that it has a plurality of spray nozzles arranged in line and aligned transversely through said advancing cellulose fabric.

3. S !? l $$ pgfc'ato as claimed in clause 1 characterized in that each of said spray nozzles has a hole of at least .04 inches in diameter. , r? M '

4. The apparatus as claimed in clause 3 characterized in that each of said spray nozzles has an orifice of at least .05 inches in diameter.

5. The apparatus as claimed in clause 1 characterized in that each of said spray nozzles has a spray angle of at least 90 degrees.

6. The apparatus as claimed in clause 1 characterized in that each of said spray nozzles has a spray angle of at least 110 degrees.

7. An apparatus for cleanly breaking a moving cellulose fabric comprising: a) a transfer fabric having an outer surface which supports and advances said cellulose fabric from a forming zone to a winding zone, said transfer fabric forms a closed circuit and is carried at a desired speed by a roller impeller, said transfer web follows predetermined circumference around said drive roller, a reel drum and one or more guide rollers; b) a plurality of spray nozzles arranged transversely through said advancing cellulose fabric, said spray nozzles being capable of ejecting a liquid under high pressure against said cellulose fabric advancing to form perforations across the width of the cellulose. same; c) a plurality of hollow cores that can move independently and sequentially to a position in said winding zone to receive said advancing cellulose fabric, said hollow core being located downstream of said spray nozzles and adjacent to said spool drum, each hollow core is capable of accumulating a predetermined amount of said cellulose fabric; d) control means for activating said spray nozzles in a sequence of time at the speed of said transfer fabric that a predetermined amount of cellulose fabric can be accumulated in each hollow core to form filled rolls having a predetermined diameter; e) assembly means for moving each of said filled rolls away from said advancing cellulose tissue while moving a second hollow core in contact with said cellulose tissue advancing up said filled roll, this contact increases the tension in said cellulose fabric that advances and causes said advancing cellulose fabric to break cleanly in said perforations and form a front edge; Y f) Vacuum means for causing said leading edge of the advancing cellulose fabric to be wound on said second hollow core, said vacuum means being applied to said second hollow core.

8. The apparatus as claimed in clause 7 characterized in that said spray nozzles are spaced apart from one another at a distance of between about 3 inches to about 12 inches.

9. The apparatus as claimed in clause 7 characterized in that each of said spray nozzles is separated at least 2 inches away from said advancing cellulose fabric.

10. The apparatus as claimed in clause 7 characterized in that each of said spray nozzles is separated at least 3 inches away from said advancing cellulose fabric.

11. U? SiJ method to cleanly break an advancing cellulose fabric comprising the steps of: a) advancing said cellulose fabric to a winding zone on a transfer fabric which is driven at a desired speed; b) moving said cellulose fabric in contact with a high pressure liquid intermittently emanating from at least two spray nozzles aligned transversely through said cellulose fabric, said liquid piercing said advancing cellulose fabric; c) directing said cellulose fabric on a first hollow core and accumulating said cellulose fabric to form a full roll; d) activating said spray nozzles in a sequence of time at a speed of said transfer fabric such that said perforations occur in a location such that said filled roll has said predetermined diameter; e) moving a second hollow core in contact with said cellulose fabric advancing to an upward location of said filled roll while simultaneously said full being removed, said contact increases the tension in said advancing cellulose fabric and causes said advancing cellulose fabric to break cleanly in said perforations and form a forward cellulose; and 5 f) applying a vacuum in said hollow core which causes said front edge of said cellulose fabric to be wound on said hollow core.

12. The method as claimed in clause 11, characterized in that said spray nozzles emit water at high pressure.

13. The method as claimed in clause 12 characterized in that said spray nozzles deliver water at a pressure of up to 500 pounds per square inch.

14. The method as claimed in clause 13 characterized in that said spray nozzles emit pressurized water of about 1,200 pounds per square inch.

15. The method as claimed in clause 11 characterized in that said spray nozzles are activated simultaneously.

16. A method for cleanly breaking a progressing cellulose fabric comprising the steps of: a) advancing said cellulose fabric to a winding zone on a closed loop transfer fabric which is driven at a desired speed. b) moving said cellulose fabric in contact with a high pressure liquid that emanates from a plurality of nozzles aligned transversely through said cellulose fabric; c) directing said cellulose fabric on a first hollow core and accumulating said cellulose fabric to form a full roll; d) activating said spray nozzles in a sequence of time at the speed of said transfer fabric such that said events occur in a location such that said filled roll has said predetermined diameter; e) by moving a second hollow core in contact with said cellulose tissue advancing to an upward location of said filled roll while simultaneously removing said filled roll, said contact increasing the tension on said cellulose breaking in said per oracles and edges; a front one; Y * f) applying a vacuum in said second hollow core which causes said front edge of said cellulose fabric to be wound on said second hollow core.

17. The method as claimed in clause 16 characterized in that said cellulose fabric is advanced on said transfer fabric at a rate of between about 3,000 feet per minute to about 5,000 feet per minute.

18. The method as claimed in clause 17 characterized in that said cellulose fabric is advanced on said transfer fabric at a speed of at least 3,500 feet per minute.

19. The method as claimed in clause 16 characterized in that said cellulose fabric is advanced by said transfer fabric while being retained at an elevated temperature.

20. The method as claimed in clause 19 characterized in that said cellulose fabric is advanced by said transfer t-ela while it is retained at a temperature of at least 100 ° F. ^ ^^ & == tA ^^^^ á = á? ^ & ^ ^ ^ ^, ^ ^ ^ ^^^ J An apparatus and method for cleanly breaking a continuously advancing tissue of cejgliasis is disclosed. The apparatus includes a transfer fabric which supports and advances the cellulose fabric to a winding zone. The transfer fabric forms a closed circuit and is driven at a desired speed by a drive roller. At least two spray nozzles are arranged crosswise through 10 of the cellulose tissue that advances as it is carried on the transfer fabric. The spray nozzles are capable of issuing a liquid under high pressure against the cellulose tissue that advances to form perforations across the width thereof. A plurality of hollow cores are independent and 15 sequentially moved to a position in the winding zone to receive the cellulose fabric. The hollow cores are located downstream of the spray nozzles and each hollow core is capable of accumulating a predetermined amount of the cellulose fabric. The device also includes controls for To activate the spray nozzles in sequential time the speed of the transfer fabric in such a way that a predetermined amount of cellulose fabric can be accumulated in each hollow core to form a finished roll having a determined diameter. A set is also present for 25 move each of the finished rolls outward from the advancing cellulose tissue while simultaneously moving a ** ^ matífs? *? ~ Jam second hollow core to make contact with the cellulose tissue that advances up the finished roll. The contact by the second hollow core and the use of a vacuum increases the tension of the advancing cellulose tissue and causes the advancing cellulose fabric to break cleanly in the perforations and form a leading edge. A vacuum is then applied to a second hollow core which causes the leading edge of the advancing cellulose fabric to wrap around it. The method encompasses the sequential steps required to break the cellulose tissue that is advanced using the apparatus identified above.