MXPA00002790A - High pulse rate ignition source - Google Patents

High pulse rate ignition source

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Publication number
MXPA00002790A
MXPA00002790A MXPA/A/2000/002790A MXPA00002790A MXPA00002790A MX PA00002790 A MXPA00002790 A MX PA00002790A MX PA00002790 A MXPA00002790 A MX PA00002790A MX PA00002790 A MXPA00002790 A MX PA00002790A
Authority
MX
Mexico
Prior art keywords
core
winding
magnetic
assembly
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
MXPA/A/2000/002790A
Other languages
Spanish (es)
Inventor
William Ross Rapoport
Paul Alexander Papanestor
Original Assignee
Alliedsignal Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alliedsignal Inc filed Critical Alliedsignal Inc
Publication of MXPA00002790A publication Critical patent/MXPA00002790A/en

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Abstract

A high pulse rate ignition system operating at pulse rates in excess of 1 kHz ignites fuel mixtures inside of gas turbine engines. The system comprises drive electronics and a toroidally wound core-coil assembly utilizing ferromagnetic amorphous metal strip as the magnetic media. An inductive storage system is thereby produced which affords rapid voltage rise, high peak currents, rapid charge and discharge cycles that permit the pulse rates to be increased well above conventional ignition sources. With such properties the system can readily drive extremely fouled sparkplugs. The electronics and core-coil are manufactured at significantly lower costs than conventional ignition systems. Ignition is substantially instantaneous. The system represents a cost effective replacement for glo-plugs in diesel engines.

Description

SOURCE OF IGNITION OF HIGH CADENCE OF IMPULSES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention refers to ignition systems of sparks for gas turbine engines that operate with diesel, natural gas or alternatively fuels as well as for diesel engines that require an initial source of ignition. 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE Current gas turbine engines for energy production such as, for example, those employed for hybrid electric vehicles and electricity generation require very high energy spark ignition systems due to the use of low volatility fuels that are difficult to ignite. Typical high-energy ignition systems are the systems used in the aviation industry for auxiliary power units (APUs). Some of these systems have severe emission control requirements that can be met only by providing very high-energy ignition sources in order to start the engine before too much fuel is released without it. burn through the exhaust system. Diesel engines require conventional spark plugs to start combustion. In this case the tip of the conventional spark plug is heated to temperatures higher than 2000 ° F which typically requires large amounts of current (approximately 8 ps per spark plug) and long heating times. Engine ignition failures increase the production of hazardous emissions. Numerous cold starts without adequate heating of the spark plug insulation in the combustion chamber causes the deposit of the insulation, which can cause misfiring. Electrically conductive soot reduces the increase in voltage available for ignition. A spark ignition transformer that provides an extremely rapid rise in voltage can minimize ignition failures caused by soiling due to soot. To achieve the spark ignition performance required for ignition, and at the same time reduce the incidence of engine ignition failures caused by soot fouling of spark plugs, the core material of the spark ignition transformer must possess certain properties. Said core material should have a high magnetic permeability, should not be magnetically saturated during the operation, and should have low magnetic losses. The combination of these required properties severely limits the availability of suitable materials for core formation. Possible candidates for the core material include silicon steel, ferrite, as well as amorphous metals based on iron. The conventional silicon steel commonly used in the cores for utility transformers is economical, but its magnetic losses are too high. A silicon steel of smaller caliber with lower magnetic losses is too expensive. Ferrites are economical but their saturation inductions are usually less than 0.5 T and Curie, temperatures at which the magnetic induction of the core becomes close to zero are close to 200 ° C. This temperature is too low because the upper operating temperature of a spark ignition transformer is normally about 180 ° C. An amorphous metal based on iron has a low magnetic loss and a high saturation induction exceeding 1.5 T, however it has a relatively high permeability. An iron-based amorphous metal capable of achieving a level of magnetic permeability suitable for a spark ignition transformer is required. Using this material, it is possible to build a toroidal design winding that meets the required output specifications and physical dimension criteria. Current ignition systems for automobiles do not produce a sufficient supply of energy to the spark plugs. These systems have voltage rise times that are too slow and an output impedance that is too high such that a dirty spark plug will discharge the ignition system. The pulse rate in these systems is limited to the winding load and unload cycle. Typical charging times are 5.5 milliseconds and 4.5 milliseconds for discharge for a maximum pulse rate of approximately 110 Hz. The peak spark current from an automotive ignition system is approximately 100 milliamps, which may be sufficient for most automotive applications, but results in a low intensity spark for starter applications. Due to the high output impedance of the ignition windings for automotive purposes and the actual resistance of the wire, a large part of the energy originating in the battery is deposited in the winding and the spark plug instead of being in the real spark. . A very high secondary inductance of typical E or C solenoid type coil windings together with the high actual wire resistance reduces the peak power supply. Alternative technologies such as capacitive discharge (CD) systems are based on DC-DC voltage converters to charge a capacitor to a value of 400 or 600 volts. This capacitor is discharged through a winding type pulse transformer that supplies the spark energy. The cost of providing a DC-DC converter with sufficient power to operate a high pulse rate ignition system is substantial. Hybrid-type systems such as ignition systems in the aviation industry can deposit very high energies (500 ilijoules) in the spark, but typically operate at 10 Hz or less due to power consumption concerns and also contain DC converters -DC. COMPENDIUM OF THE INVENTION The present invention offers a magnetic core-winding assembly (and electronic devices) that generates a rapid voltage rise (200-500 nanoseconds), has a low output impedance (30-100 ohms), produces circuit voltages High open (more than 25 kV) supplies a high peak current provided through the spark (0.4-1.5 amps), a fast charge time (approximately 100 microseconds using a 12 volt source), a fast discharge time (approximately 150 microseconds), a typical energy in the spark of 6-12 millijoules per impulse. Operation from a 12 volt battery source is easily achieved by using simple electronic elements at cadences in the single shot within a range of 4 Khz. The core-wound assembly can in fact be operated using any voltage greater than 5 volts. The operation of the core-winding assembly in these alternative voltages produces an increase or decrease in the charging time according to the available voltage source. This type of electronic system supply provided through a surface-space spark plug (which is typically used in spark ignition systems in the aviation industry) or a conventional J-space spark plug or derivatives results in a source High power ignition with a localized heating capacity. The high pulse rate arc acts as a source of essentially instantaneous localized heating which represents an effective replacement from an economic perspective for conventional spark plugs in some applications. In general, the magnetic-winding core comprises a magnetic core composed of a ferromagnetic amorphous metal alloy. The core-wound assembly has a single primary winding for low voltage excitation and a secondary winding for high voltage output. The assembly also has a secondary winding comprising several core subassemblies that simultaneously receive energy through the common primary winding during a time in which a current flows in the primary winding, storing energy in a magnetic field within the core material. The winding subassemblies are adapted, when receiving power, to produce secondary voltages, that is, during the period in which the subassemblies receive energy, the primary current is interrupted rapidly, causing the collapse of the magnetic field within the cores. Secondary voltages are induced in this way through the secondary windings. These secondary voltages are additive and are fed to a spark plug. The magnetic-winding core assembly comprises a magnetic core composed of a ferromagnetic alloy of the amorphous metal having low magnetic losses together with fewer primary and secondary coils due to the magnetic permeability of the core material. Built in this way, the core-winding assembly has the ability to generate a high voltage in the secondary winding within a short period of time after the excitation thereof. More specifically, the core consists of an amorphous ferromagnetic material having a low core loss and a permeability which is within a range of about 100 to 500. said magnetic properties are especially suitable for a rapid discharge of the spark plug. Ignition failures caused by soot contamination are minimized. In addition, the transfer of energy from the winding to the spark plug is carried out very efficiently, with the result that very little energy remains inside the core after discharge. The low secondary resistance of the toroidal design (less than 100 ohms) allows the greater amount of energy to dissipate in the spark and not in the secondary wire. A multiple toroidal assembly is created, which allows the storage of energy in the subassemblies through a common primary part governed by the inductance of the subassembly and its magnetic properties. A rapid rise in secondary voltage is induced when the primary current decreases rapidly. The individual secondary voltages through the toroids of the subassembly increase rapidly and add subassembly to subassembly, based on the total change of magnetic flux in the system. This provides a versatile arrangement in which several subassembly units are combined. The subassembly units are wound up by using existing toroidal winding techniques in order to produce a unique assembly with superior performance in cases where the physical dimensions are critical. The preferred embodiment is the use of a single larger toroidal wound winding core that produces output characteristics similar to the output characteristics of the multiple pile array of smaller core-winding assemblies described above. The unit operates in the manner described above. The electric drive devices consist of a power source (typically a battery), an equivalent series low resistance capacitor (ESR) as a peak current provider, a switch such as a bipolar integrated composite transistor (IGBT) that can be activated (shortened condition) to allow the flow of current through the primary winding and then shut off subsequently (open condition) which rapidly decreases the flow of current through the primary winding causing the collapse of the magnetic field in the core inducing a voltage in the secondary winding producing an output. An impeller is required to turn the switch on and off at appropriate times and an oscillator is required to set the pulse rate. Timing circuits are required to determine when to open the switch after the establishment of the magnetic field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be understood more fully and additional advantages will be apparent with reference to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention and the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of a combustion in an engine representing the winding assembly placed on the top of the spark plug and the electronic controller boxes; Figure 2 is a circuit diagram for an electronic pulse suitable for use with the core-winding assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 is a drawing of the procedure procedure of assembly procedure showing the assembly method and the connections used to produce the core-wound assembly; Figure 4 is an assembly procedure outline drawing showing an alternative embodiment of the method of assembly and connections employed to produce the stack array, winding assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 is a graph showing the output voltage across the secondary winding for the amperage ignition in the primary winding of the assembly illustrated in Figure 4; Figure 6 is a typical voltage and current oscilloscope footprint of the core-winding assembly of Figure 4; and Figure 7 is a graph showing the voltage reduction of the open circuit voltage in accordance with that measured by placing a resistor in parallel with the probe to simulate dirty spark plug conditions. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS With reference to Figure 1 of the drawings, a power source battery 52 supplies power to the electronic ignition devices 51. Wires 51 carry the low voltage signal to the core-winding assembly 54. The pair of wires 43 can also be a coaxial wire assembly. The core-winding assembly 54 is the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 but could also be the embodiment shown in FIG. 3. The core-wound assembly 54 can be found, alternatively at an intermediate point as in the case of the electronic devices of FIG. on 51, in which case the wires 53 carry high voltage signals to the spark plug 55. Another alternative location for the core-winding assembly is between the electronic ignition devices 51 and the spark plug 55, at said location the wires 53 would be carriers low-voltage on the side of the ignition electronic devices 51 and high-voltage carriers on the spark plug side 55. The spark plug 55 is illustrated in Figure 1 as a space J, but could also be a surface-space spark plug or well a spark plug derived from space J. An ignition area, enclosed by the container 56, represents the diesel cylinder or a typical combustion chamber in the c of a gas turbine engine. Figure 1 has the purpose of illustrating the way how our invention can be used. With reference to Figure 3, the core-winding assembly 60 comprises a magnetic core 10 composed of a ferromagnetic amorphous metal alloy contained within an insulating cup 55. From 3 to 10 primary windings 36 are wound around the toroid, together with 100 to 400 turns of secondary wire 50. Adequate gap is left between the primary and secondary windings for high voltage production considerations. Typically, the secondary winding is arranged in such a way that the voltage supplied to the center electrode of the spark plug is negative. The primary winding 36 has a low voltage drive coming from a current that passes through the primary coil 36 when a switch is closed. This creates a magnetic field within the alloy 10 of amorphous ferromagnetic metal that stores the energy. Upon opening the switch, the magnetic field within the ferromagnetic amorphous metal alloy 10 collapses, thereby inducing a high voltage through the secondary coil 50. With reference to Figure 2, the energy storage capacitor is charged to a voltage Vcc typically by a 12 volt battery. An oscillator and timing circuit control (i) the amount of time during which the IGBT switch is closed (ii) when it is open and (iii) the pulse rate of the system. This timing signals the IGBT impeller to turn on, which closes the IGBT control, allowing current to flow from the capacitor through the core-winding assembly and through the IGBT. The current flowing through the core-winding assembly causes the induction of a magnetic field inside the ferromagnetic amorphous metal toroid, storing energy. The values of typical currents through the primary winding are within a range of 20 to 50 amps for times of 50 to 150 microseconds. The timing circuit then opens the IGBT through the IGBT driver, which causes the current to rapidly decrease (typically less than 1 ic seconds). This rapid reduction of the current causes the magnetic field inside the core-winding to collapse, inducing a high voltage in the secondary coiling of the core-winding. The rate of voltage rise is typically a few hundred nanoseconds in the secondary winding. The magnetic core 10 is based on an amorphous metal having a high magnetic induction, which includes iron-based alloys. Two basic forms of a core 10 are suitable for use. They are the shape with space and form without space and are known as core 10. A core with space, illustrated in Figure 4a, has a discontinuous magnetic section in a magnetically continuous path. An example of a core with space 10 is a toroidal shaped magnetic core that has a small groove commonly known as an air space. The configuration with space is preferred when the required permeability is considerably less than the inherent permeability of the core, in rolled-up form. The air gap portion of the magnetic path reduces the overall permeability. A core with no space illustrated in Figure 4b has a magnetic permeability similar to the permeability of a core with air space, but is physically continuous, having a structure similar to that typically found in a toroidal magnetic core. The apparent presence of an air space evenly distributed within the core with no space 10 is the reason for the term "core with distributed space". Both the spaceless design and the spaceless design work in the core-wound assembly design 34 of FIG. 4 and in the core-wound assembly of FIG. 3, and are interchangeable to the extent that effective permeability is found. within the required range. Nuclei without spaces 10 were chosen for illustrative purposes, however, the present invention in accordance with the incorporated in the modular design described herein is not limited to the use of a core material without space. An alternative embodiment for the core-winding assembly that is driven substantially by the same electronic drive devices as those described in Figure 2 is presented in copending US application No. 08 / 639,498, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. With reference to Figure 4, the magnetic-winding core assembly 34 comprises a magnetic core 10 formed of a ferromagnetic amorphous metal alloy. The core-winding assembly 34 has a single primary winding 36 for low voltage excitation and a secondary winding 20 consisting of the secondary windings of the core subassemblies 22, 18 and 16 connected in series for high voltage production. The core-winding sub-assemblies 22, 18 and 16 which are used for the formation of the core-winding assembly 34 receive energy simultaneously through a common primary winding 36. The core-winding subassemblies 32 are adapted, when they receive power, to produce secondary additive voltages, and are fed to a spark plug. As constructed in this way, the core-winding assembly 34 has the ability to generate a high voltage in the secondary winding 20 (consisting of the combined secondary windings 14 of several core-winding assemblies 32 connected in series) within a short period of time after the excitement of it. Typically, the secondary winding is arranged in such a way that the voltage supplied to the spark plug's central electrode is negative. The magnetic core 10 is based on an amorphous metal having a high magnetic induction that includes iron-based alloys. Two basic forms of a core 10 are suitable for use with our invention. It is the form with space and form without space and each of them is known here as core 10. A core with space, illustrated in figure 4a, has a discontinuous magnetic section in a magnetically continuous path. One effect of a core of this type 10 is the toroidal magnetic core having a small slit commonly known as an air space. The configuration with space is preferred when the required permeability is considerably lower than the inherent permeability of the core, depending on the winding. A portion of air space in the magnetic path reduces overall permeability. A core with no space, illustrated in Figure 4b, has a magnetic permeability similar to the permeability of a core with air space, but is physically continuous, having a structure similar to the structure typically found in a toroidal magnetic core. The apparent presence of an air space uniformly distributed within the core with no space 10 provides the term "distributed space kernel". Both the design with spaces and the design without spaces work in this core-winding assembly 34 of Figure 4 and in the core-winding assembly 60 of Figure 3 and are interchangeable insofar as the effective permeability is within of the required range. Nuclei without spaces 10 were chosen for illustrative purposes, however, the present invention, as embodied in the modular design described herein, is not limited to the use of a core material without spaces. The core without spaces (10) is made of an amorphous metal based on iron alloys and processed in such a way that the magnetic permeability of the core is between 100 and 800 as measured at a frequency of about 1 kHz. To improve the efficiency of no-gap cores by reducing losses from tumultuous currents, shorter cylinders are rolled and processed and stacked end-to-end in order to obtain the desired amount of magnetic core known as a segmented core. . The leakage flow from a core with distributed spaces is smaller than from a core with spaces, resulting in less unwanted radio frequency interference in the surrounding areas. In addition, due to the closed magnetic path associated with a core with no space, the ratio between signal and noise is greater than in the case of a core with spaces, making the core without spaces especially well suited in the case in which an emission Low electromagnetic interference (EMI) is of importance. An output voltage in the secondary coil 20 greater than 10 kV for spark ignition is achieved through a core with no space 10 with less than 60 ampere-turns of primary winding 36 and about 110 to 160 turns of secondary coiling. As used herein, the term "ampere-turns" refers to the value of the current in amperes multiplied by the number of turns comprising the primary winding. A value of 60 ampere-turns as used above means that with a primary winding of 4 turns 15 amps of current flow in the primary winding at the time of the interruption of the current in the primary winding. Typical switch-off times for interrupting the primary winding are of the order of 1 microsecond. Designs of the type shown in Fig. 3 have open circuit outputs above 25 kV obtained with less than 120 amp-turns. The previously demonstrated windings consisted of an amorphous metal ribbon wound on right-angle cylinders with an internal diameter of 0.54"and an extreme diameter of 1.06" and a height of 1.0"and a weight of approximately 55 grams. The successful practice of our invention that the specific dimensions used in this example is met directly There are large variations in terms of space in accordance with the input and output requirements., the right angle cylinder formed the core of a toroid. The insulation between the core and the wire was achieved through the use of a moldable plastic resistant to high temperatures that was also bent as a form of winding facilitating the winding of the toroid. A fine gauge wire (approximately 36 gauge) was used to wind the required 100-400 secondary turns. Since the output voltage of the winding could exceed 25 kV, which represents a winding to winding voltage within a range of 80 volts for a secondary winding of 300 turns, the wires could not be significantly spliced. The windings with the best performance had regular spaced wires in the approximately 300 degrees of the toroid. The remaining 60 degrees were used for the primary windings. An alternative construction illustrated in Figure 4, breaks the original construction, illustrated in Figure 3, into a structure at the level of smaller components where the components can be routinely wound using existing winding winding machines. In principle, the construction of Figure 4 takes core sections of the same amorphous metal core material of manageable size and joins them together. This is achieved by forming an insulating cup 12 which allows the core 10 to be inserted into the subassembly 30 and by treating this subassembly 30 as a core to be wound in the form of a toroid 32. The number of secondary turns 14 that is required is the same as in the case of the original design. The final assembly 34 comprises a stack having a sufficient number (1 or more) of these structures 32 to achieve the desired output characteristics. Each third toroid unit 32 must be coiled in opposite manner to facilitate electrical connections between the subassemblies. This allows adding the output voltages. A typical structure 34 of the embodiment of Figure 4 comprises the first toroidal unit 16 wound counterclockwise (ccw) with an output wire 24 acting as the output of the final winding assembly 34. The second toroidal unit 18 is wound clockwise (cw) and stacked on top of the first toroidal unit 16 with a spacer 28 to provide adequate insulation. The bottom conductor 42 of the second toroidal unit 18 is fixed on the upper conductor 40 (remaining conductor) of the first toroidal unit 16. The next toroidal unit 22 is wound in the counterclockwise direction and stacked on top of the 2 previous toroidal units 16, 18 with a spacer 28 for isolation purposes. The lower conductor 46 of the third toroidal unit is connected to the upper conductor 44 of the second toroidal unit. The total number of toroidal units 32 is determined through design criteria and physical size requirements. The upper end conductor 26 forms the other output of the core-winding assembly 34. Typically, the conductor 24 is connected to the center electrode of the spark plug and is at a negative potential while the connector 26 provides the current path of the spark plug. return of the structure 34. The end of the conductor 24 of the structure 34 is referred to herein as the bottom, since it typically rests on the upper part of the spark plug by connecting it to the center electrode of the spark plug. The conductor end 26 of the structure 34 is referred to herein as the upper part of the structure since it is the location in which the primary wires 36 are accessible. Secondary windings 14 of these toroidal units 32 are individually wound in such a way that approximately 300 of the total 360 degrees for the toroid are covered. The toroidal units 32 are stacked in such a way that the open 60 degrees of each toroidal unit 32 are aligned vertically. A common primary coil 36 is wound through this core-wound assembly 34. This construction is referred to herein as the stacker construction. The voltage distribution around the original winding design looks like a variac with the first turn settling at zero volts and the last turn with a full voltage. This distribution of voltages is found throughout the height of the winding structure. The primary winding is isolated from the secondary windings and is in the center of the 60 degree free area of the coiled torside. These lines are essentially at a low potential due to the low voltage impulse conditions employed in the primary winding. The highest voltage voltages occur at the nearest points of the high voltage output and the primary windings, secondary to secondary and secondary to core. The highest electric field voltage point exists along the internal part of the toroid and is increased by the field in the internal upper part and the internal lower part of the winding. The voltage distribution in the stacker construction is slightly different. Each individual core-winding toroidal unit 32 has the same variate distribution type, but the stacked distribution of each core-winding assembly 34 is divided by the number of individual toroidal units 32. If there are 3 toroidal units 32 in the assembly stack of core-winding 34, then the bottom toroidal unit 16 will be located within a range of conductor V 24 to conductor 2/3 V 40, with the voltage change being approximately linear in the secondary windings of V in conductor 24 a 2/3 V in conductor 40, the second toroidal unit 18 will be located within a conductor range 2/3 V 42 to conductor 1/3 V 44, with the voltage changing approximately linearly in the secondary windings of 2 / 3 V in conductor 42 to 1/3 V in conductor 44, and upper toroidal unit 22 will be located within a range of 1/3 V in conductor 46 to 0 V in conductor 26, with the voltage change being approximately linear in what s Secondary windings of 1/3 V in conductor 46 to 0 V in conductor 26, where conductor 26 is at zero voltage. This configuration decreases the area of high voltage voltage and this V is typically negative. It is known as a stepped distribution of voltages from one subassembly to the next. The output voltage waveform has a short pulse component (typically 1-3 microseconds in duration with a rise time of 100-500 ns) and a much longer low level output component (typically a duration of 100 to 150 microseconds). The voltage distribution in a stacker arrangement is different and allows the higher voltage section to be located in the upper or lower part of the core-winding assembly 34 according to the grounding configuration. The advantage of the stacker construction is that the high voltage section can be placed exactly in the depth of the spark plug in the spark plug well. The voltage at the top of the core-winding assembly 34 is optimized to only 1/3 V for a 3-cell unit. Magnetic cores composed of an iron-based amorphous metal having a saturation induction exceeding 1.5 T in the empty state were prepared. The cores had a cylindrical shape with a cylinder height of approximately 15.6 mm and external and internal diameters of approximately 17 and 12 mm, respectively. These cores were thermally treated without application of external fields. Figure 4 shows a procedure outline drawing of the construction of a three-core core-winding assembly unit 34. These cores 10 were inserted into cups of high temperature plastic insulator. Several of these units 30 were machine-wound clockwise on a toroid winding machine with 110 to 160 turns of copper wire forming a secondary winding 14 and several were wound in the counter-clockwise direction. clock. The first toroidal unit 16 (bottom) was wound counterclockwise with the lower conductor 24 acting as the output conductor of the system. The second toroidal unit 18 was wound in the clockwise direction and its lower conductor 42 was connected to the upper conductor 40 of the lower toroidal unit 16. The third toroidal unit 22 was wound in the counterclockwise direction and its lower conductor 46 was connected to the upper conductor 44 of the second toroidal unit 18. The upper conductor 26 of the third toroidal unit 22 acted as a grounding conductor. Plastic spacers 28 between toroidal units 16, 18, 22 acted as voltage separators. The non-wound area of the toroidal units 32 was aligned vertically. A common primary coil 36 was coiled through the core-wound assembly stack 34 in the non-coiled area. The core-winding assembly 34 was encased in a high temperature plastic frame with holes for the conductors. This assembly was then vacuum cast in an encapsulation compound acceptable for high voltage dielectric integrity. There are many alternative types of encapsulation materials. The basic requirements of the encapsulation compound are that it must possess a sufficient dielectric strength, it must present a good adherence with all other materials within the structure, and must be able to survive the strict environment requirements of subjecting to cycles, temperature, impacts and vibrations. It is also desirable that the encapsulation compound have a low dielectric constant and have a low loss tangent. The frame material must be economically injection moldable, possess a low dielectric constant and a low loss tangent, and survive the same experimental conditions as the encapsulation compound. A current was applied to the primary winding 36, rapidly increasing within about 20 to 100 μsec to a level of up to 60 amps, but not being limited to this level. Figure 5 shows the production obtained when the primary current was quickly cut at a given ampere-turn peak. The charging time was typically less than 120 microseconds with a voltage of 12 volts in the primary switching system, at which point the current flow through the primary winding 36 was interrupted, which resulted in a voltage that rose rapidly to through the subassembly combinations of secondary windings 32. The subassemblies were connected in series forming an effective secondary winding 20 through which the total voltage appeared. The output voltage had a typical short output pulse duration of approximately 1.5 microseconds F HM and a long low level queue that lasted approximately 100 microseconds. Thus, in the magnetic-winding core assembly 34, a high voltage that exceeded 10 kV was generated repeatedly at time intervals of less than 150 μsec. This feature was required to achieve the fast multiple pulse action mentioned above. In addition, the rapid rise of the voltage produced in the secondary winding reduced the ignition failures of the engine resulting from soot fouling. The following example is presented for the purpose of offering a more complete understanding of the invention. The specific technical conditions as well as materials, proportions and reported data are presented to illustrate the principles and practice of the invention and are only exemplary and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. EXAMPLES A strip based on amorphous iron having a width of approximately 1.0"and a thickness of approximately 20 μm was wound onto a machined stainless steel mandrel and welded by points on the internal diameter and the external diameter to maintain tolerance. selected an internal diameter of 0.54"and an external diameter of 1.06" .The finished cylindrical core presented a weight of approximately 55 grams.The core was tempered in a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature within a range of 430 to 450 ° C with immersion times from 2 to 16 hours The tempered core was placed in an insulator cup and wound on a toroidal winding machine with 300 turns of a thin gauge insulated copper wire as the secondary winding and 6 turns of a Thicker wire for the primary winding A design of the type shown in Figure 3 produced circuit voltages open greater than 25 kilovolts with more than 120 amp-turns. It is not a requirement to strictly comply with the dimensions used in this example. There are large variations of design space according to the input and output requirements. The right-angled end-built cylinder formed the core of an elongated toroid. The insulation between the core and the wire was achieved through the use of a moldable plastic resistant to high temperatures that was also bent as a winding mold facilitating the winding of the toroid. A tape based on amorphous iron with a width of approximately 15.6 mm and a thickness of approximately 20 μm was wound on a stainless steel mandrel machined and welded on points in the internal diameter and outer diameter in order to maintain tolerance. The internal diameter of 12 mm was adjusted through the mandrel and the external diameter was selected in 17 mm. The finished cylindrical core had a weight of approximately 10 grams. The cores were tempered in a nitrogen atmosphere within a temperature range of 430 to 450 ° C with immersion times of 2 to 16 hours. The hardened cores were placed in insulator cups and wound in a toroidal winding machine with 140 turns of a thin gauge insulated copper wire as a secondary winding. Both units were wound in the counterclockwise direction as units clockwise. A winding unit in the counterclockwise direction was used as the base and top units while a winding unit in the clockwise direction was the middle unit. Insulator spacers were added between the units. Four turns of a smaller gauge wire were wound, forming the primary winding in the toroid subassembly in the area where secondary windings were not present. The conductors of the middle and lower units were connected as well as the conductors of the middle and upper units. The assembly was placed in a high temperature plastic frame and was encapsulated. With this construction, the secondary voltage was measured as a function of the primary current and the number of primary turns, and is illustrated in Figure 5. The electrical device of the impeller is the same as the one shown in Figure 2 where the voltage source It is a 12-volt battery and the IGBT switch is closed for approximately 100 microseconds and then opens quickly. A design of the type illustrated in Figure 4 produced open circuit voltages greater than 25 kilovolts with less than 175 amps in these conditions. Figure 6 shows 2 photographs of oscilloscopes, the first photograph showing the typical changing waveform (lower trace) of the primary core-winding current at 20 amps / division on the vertical scale and 20 microseconds per division on the horizontal scale. When the current quickly decreased, the output voltage of the assembly rose rapidly. A probe was used to measure this signal and it is visualized as the upper trace of the first photo on a vertical scale of 5 kilovolts per division. The second photo is a time expansion of the initial voltage rise through a secondary winding on a horizontal time scale of 1 microsecond per division and a vertical scale of 5 kilovolts per division illustrating the rapid rise in voltage. The output voltage was negative in this case and was visualized accordingly. 7 shows a graph of the output voltage as a function of ampere-turns of the winding with a calibrated resistance placed through the core-wound secondary coil. This method loaded the secondary winding by simulating a dirty spark plug in a significantly greater degree of fouling. The output was graphically represented for the open circuit conditions (no load) and bypass resistance of an egohm, 100 kiloh and 20 kilohs. These shunt resistors simulated dirty spark plugs with a load of 100 kilohms representing an extremely dirty spark plug. The graphs indicate that a significant percentage of discharged voltage can be achieved through the secondary winding. Having thus described the invention in detail, it will be understood that said details do not have to be strictly adhered to, but that additional changes and modifications may be made to one skilled in the art, all being within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (1)

  1. CLAIMS l.A magnetic-winding core assembly and electronic drive device for generating and supplying high-voltage excitation pulses at a predetermined pulse rate to a space-space spark plug or space J or space-derived J, for the purpose to produce a spark that provides the ignition of gas and diesel turbine engines, comprising: a. a core-winding unit having a magnetic core composed of a ferromagnetic amorphous metal alloy, said core of said core-winding unit having a primary winding for low voltage excitation and a secondary winding for high voltage output; b. a core-wound assembly having a magnetic core composed of a ferromagnetic amorphous metal alloy, said core of said core-winding assembly having a primary winding for low voltage excitation and a secondary winding for a high voltage output; c. said core-winding assembly comprises a plurality of core-winding sub-assemblies that simultaneously receive energy through said primary winding of said core-winding assembly in order to produce in their cores a magnetic field wherein energy is stored; d. said core-winding unit receives energy through its primary coil to produce in its core a magnetic field in which energy is stored; and. said winding subassemblies are associated with devices for interrupting the flow of current through said primary winding of said core-winding assembly causing the magnetic field within its cores to collapse and consequently inducing voltages through a secondary sub-assemblies which they comprise their secondary windings, said secondary core-winding sub-assemblies are wound alternately in the counterclockwise and clockwise direction and are connected together in series such that upon the collapse of said magnetic field, said core-winding sub-assemblies produce secondary voltages which are additive and are fed to a spark plug; F. said core-winding unit is associated with devices for interrupting the flow of current through its primary winding causing the magnetic field within its core to collapse and consequently inducing through its secondary winding a voltage which is fed to a spark plug; g. each of said core-winding assembly and said core-winding unit has the ability to generate a high voltage in the secondary subassembly within a short period of time after the excitation thereof; and h. said core-winding assembly and said core-winding unit each provides a fast charge and discharge cycle that allows its operation at a pulse rate greater than 500 Hz. A magnetic-winding core assembly according to claim 1, wherein each of said core-winding assembly and said core-winding unit generates a voltage rise that is within a range of approximately 200 to 500 nanoseconds, has an output impedance that is within a range of about 30 to 100 ohms, produces an open circuit voltage greater than about 25 kV, supplies a peak current greater than 0.5 amperes through the spark, provides a charging time less than about 150 microseconds, it offers a discharge time of less than 200 microseconds, and provides a spark energy greater than 5 millijoules per pulse. A magnetic-winding core assembly according to claim 1, wherein said electronic pulse device receives energy through a voltage source of at least 5 volts, and supplies pulse rates of at least 500 Hz, said electronic device of The impulse is connected between an output of said core-winding unit or said core-winding assembly and a spark plug of the surface-space type.J space or space J derivative in order to produce a spark for a gas or diesel turbine engine. A magnetic-winding core assembly according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic core is manufactured by thermal treatment of said ferromagnetic amorphous metal alloy. A magnetic-winding core assembly according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic core comprises segmented cores. A magnetic-winding core assembly according to claim 1, wherein the output voltage in the secondary winding reaches more than 10 kV with a primary current of less than 70 amp-turns and more than 20 kV with a primary current of 75 at 200 amp-turns within 25 to 150 μsec. A magnetic-winding core assembly according to claim 3, wherein said ferromagnetic amorphous metal alloy is iron-based and further comprises metallic elements, including nickel and cobalt, glass forming elements including boron and carbon, as well as semi-metallic elements. , including silicon. 8. A magnetic-winding core assembly or magnetic-winding core unit according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic core has no spaces. 9. A magnetic-winding core assembly or a magnetic-winding core unit according to claim 3, wherein the magnetic core has spaces. 10. A magnetic-winding core assembly according to claim 7, wherein the magnetic core is heat treated at a temperature close to the crystallization temperature of the alloy and partially crystallized. 11. A magnetic-winding core assembly according to claim 8, wherein the magnetic core is thermally treated below the crystallization temperature of the alloy and, upon completion of the heat treatment, remains substantially in an amorphous state. . A magnetic-winding core assembly according to claim 1, consisting of several individual subassemblies, each consisting of a toroidally coiled section with a secondary winding, said subassemblies can be arranged in such a way that the resulting assembly voltage is the sum of voltages of the individual subassemblies when operated through said common primary coil. . A magnetic-winding core assembly according to claim 1, wherein said assembly has an internal voltage distribution that is segmented in a staggered manner from the bottom to the top, the number of segments is determined by the number of subassemblies.
MXPA/A/2000/002790A 1997-09-18 2000-03-20 High pulse rate ignition source MXPA00002790A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/933,483 1997-09-18

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MXPA00002790A true MXPA00002790A (en) 2001-07-09

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