MXPA00001154A - Ballast with automatic disconnection - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention refers to a ballast with automatic disconnection which by means of adjustment and modification of the circuits normally used in the fabrication of"ballasts"for switching high-pressure sodium vapor lamps, a ballast device with automatic disconnection was obtained with a self-disconnecting member of the feeding line, producing that an integrated fuse element blows all this occurring when the lamp is broken, unplugged, removed from its socket or is damaged in any other way, including failures due to the end of its useful life. Other advantages of this device, are a considerable decrease in its operation temperature and less consumption of electric energy.

Description

'BALASTER WITH AUTOMATIC DISCONNECTION' * D E S C R I P C L I N.

I.- DENOMINATION OR TITLE OF THE UTILITY MODEL. "BALASTER WITH AUTOMATIC DISCONNECTION" H.- TECHNICAL FIELD TO WHICH THE UTILITY MODEL REFERS. "ELECTRICITY - LIGHTING - BALASTERS - HIGH INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMPS - HIGH PRESSURE SODIUM STEAM LAMPS".

III.- BACKGROUND ON THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE TO WHICH THE UTILITY MODEL BELONGS.

"BALASTRO" IS AN ELEMENT THAT BY MEANS OF INDUCTANCES AND / OR CAPACITANCES, LIMITS THE CURRENT IN THE HIGH INTENSITY DISCHARGE LAMPS, TO THE VALUE REQUIRED FOR ITS CORRECT OPERATION PROVIDING ALSO THE STARTING TENSION OR IGNITION VOLTAGE REQUIRED BY THE LAMP. THERE ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BALASTERS FOR THE DISCHARGE LAMPS 'HIGH INTENSITY, DIFFERENT POWER VOLTAGES, DIFFERENT VOLTAGES OF OUTPUT TO THE LAMP, DIFFERENT CURRENTS AND POWERS, DEPENDING ALL THIS OF THE TYPE OF LAMP, SINCE EACH OF THEM HAS ITS OWN REQUE-RIMJENTOS REGARDING THE CHARACTERISTICS THAT THE BALLASTERS MUST HAVE. THE BALLASTERS FOR HIGH PRESSURE SODIUM STEAM LAMPS, HAVE SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS, DUE TO THE VERY PECULIAR ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LAMPS, BEING THE MAIN THOSE LISTED BELOW: Io.- REQUIRES A HIGH VOLTAGE OF IGNITION (OR OF STARTING), TO IONIZE THE AMMALOG OF MERCURY - SODIUM THAT IS LOCATED INSIDE THE ARC TUBE. THIS IGNITION VOLTAGE (2,500 TO 4,000 VOLTS) IS PROVIDED THROUGH A SOLID STATE ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT, THAT PRODUCES A PULSE EACH SUCCESSIVE CYCLE, UNTIL THE ARC IS SET ON THE LAMP AND IT STARTS ON. 2nd - THE VOLTAGE IN THE ARC TUBE OF THE LAMP, TENDS TO INCREASE AS A LAMP GOES AGAIN, WITH THE PURPOSE OF CONTROLLING THE POWER OF THE LAMP, THE BALANCE SHOULD DECRY THE CURRENT OF THE LAMP IN THE MEASURE IN WHICH THE VOLTAGE IT INCREASES. THE LAMP MANUFACTURERS SET SPECIFIC LAMP VOLTAGE AND POWER SPECIFIC LIMITS. THE EXISTING BALANCES IN THE MARKET FOR HIGH PRESSURE SODIUM STEAM LAMPS, ARE BASICALLY OF THREE TYPES, DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF CIRCUIT THAT IS USED IN ITS DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION, BEING THOSE THAT BELOW ARE INDICATED A.- REACTOR TYPE BALASTER OR SERBE REACTOR. i 2 YOUR DESIGN CONSISTS ONLY AN EMBROIDERY, WHICH REPRESENTS AN INDUCTIVE REACTANCE IN SERIES WITH THE LAMP, SUCH BREATHING IS THE ONE THAT CONTROLS THE CURRENT, ARE BUILT IN A LOW POWER FACTOR AND HIGH POWER FACTOR, IN THE LAST CORRECTION OF THE POWER FACTOR IS ACHIEVED THROUGH THE USE OF A CAPACITOR (CAPACITIVE BREAKDOWN) IN PARALLEL WITH THE POWER LINE. IT HAS A POOR REGULATION AND THE STARTING CURRENT IS GREATER THAN THE OPERATING CURRENT. THE CIRCUIT OF THE REACTOR TYPE BALASTER SERIES, IS SHOWN IN FIGURE N ° 1, BEING: 1.- POWER LINE. 2.- IGNJTOR. 3.- LAMP. 4.- BALASTRO.

B.- BALASTRO TD? 0 AUTOTRANSFORMADOR. fr YOUR DESIGN IS BASED ON TWO COILS (INDUCTIVE REACTANCES) THAT CONTROL THE CURRENT, ONE OF THEM IN SERIES WITH THE LAMP AND THE OTHER IN PARALLEL. THE CORRECTION OF THE POWER FACTOR IS ACHIEVED THROUGH THE USE OF A CAPACITOR CONNECTED IN PARALLEL WITH THE LINE. THE DIAGRAM OF THE CIRCUIT USED IN THIS TYPE OF BALANCE IS SHOWN IN THE FIGURE N ° 2 BEING: 1.- LINE OF FEEDING. . 2. - IGNITOR. 3.- LAMP. 4.- BALASTRO. C- BAJLASTRO TYPE SELF-REGULATED. YOUR DESIGN IS BASED ON TWO COILS (INDUCTIVE REACTANCES), ONE IN SERIES WITH THE LAMP AND THE OTHER IN PARALLEL, HOWEVER THE MAIN CONTROL ELEMENT OF CURRENT COMES TO BE A CAPACITOR (CAPACITIVE BREATHING), CONNECTED IN SERIES WITH THE LAMP. DUE TO THIS FEATURE, IT IS ALSO CALLED ALSO "BALANCED ADVANCE" OR "BALASTER TYPE IN ADEFR LANTO". THIS TYPE OF BALLASTOR HAS HIGH POWER FACTOR, A STARTING CURRENT LOWER TO THE OPERATING CURRENT AND CAN TOLERATE MAJOR VARIATIONS IN THE POWER SUPPLY VOLTAGE BEFORE THE LAMP IS EXTINGUISHED. THE DIAGRAM OF THE CIRCUIT USED IN THIS TYPE OF BALANCE IS THAT SHOWN IN FIGURE N ° 3, BEING: 1.- LINE OF POWER. fr 2.- IGNITOR. 3.- LAMP. 4.- BALASTRO. , IV.- SPECIFICATION OF THE UTILITY MODEL. a) .- TECHNICAL PROBLEM. THE PROBLEM DETECTED IN ALL BALANCES EXISTING IN THE MARKET, IS THAT WHEN THE OPEN CIRCUIT MODE IS GIVEN, THAT IS WHEN THE LAMP BREAKS, IT IS DISCONNECTED OR IT FAILS IN ANY OTHER WAY, INCLUDING THE FAILURE OF ITS LIFE, THE BALANCE IT CONTINUES TO BE CONNECTED TO THE POWER LINE, PROVIDING IT WITH AN UNNECESSARY ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND PROPECTING THE SELF-DESTRUCTION OF THE OWN BALASTRO, THIS LAST BECAUSE THE IGNITOR CONTINUES TO SEND HIGH VOLTAGE PULSES, 'TRYING TO LIGHT THE LAMP, UNTIL' DAMAGES THE IGNITER. b) .- SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM. THE CIRCUIT USED AND THE DISPOSITION OF ELEMENTS IN THE UTILITY MODEL, ALLOWS US TO OBTAIN AN OPERATING CURRENT IN THE POWER LINE ADEQUATE TO THE NORMAL CONDITIONS, BUT WHEN THE CONDITION OF OPEN CIRCUIT IS GIVEN, THIS CURRENT OF LINEARSE INCREASES IN FORM SO THAT IT MAKES THAT THE FUSIBLE ELEMENT THAT HAS BEEN INTEGRATED TO THE DEVICE IS FUNDED (MODEL OF UTU DAD). ADDITIONALLY, LOWER ELECTRIC POWER CONSUMPTION IS OBTAINED IN THE BALASTRO - LAMP SET, A POWER FACTOR GREATER THAN 0.90, A TEMPERATURE OF OPERATION LESS THAN THOSE THAT ARE OBTAINED IN THE SIMILAR EQUIPMENT EXISTING IN THE MARKET, MEETS THE REGULATION SPECIFIED BY THE MANUFACTURER OF LAMPS AND ITS STARTING CURRENT IS LOWER THAN THE CURRENT OF OPERATION c). - DISPOSITION OF ELEMENTS AND CLUSTER EMPLOYED. THE DISPOSITION OF ELEMENTS AND THE CIRCUIT USED IN THE UTILITY MODEL "BALASTER WITH AUTOMATIC DISCONNECTION", IS THAT SHOWN IN FIGURE N ° 4, BEING:. - 1. - FOOD LINE. • 2.- FUSING ELEMENT. 3.- IGNITOR. 4.- LAMP 5.-BAL ASTRO. CONSISTS OF 2 EMBOLLINES (INDUCTIVE REACTANCES) CONNECTED IN SERIES WITH THE LAMP, A CAPACITOR FOR THE CORRECTION OF THE POWER FACTOR CONNECTED IN PARALLEL, AN ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT BASED ON SOLID STATE ELEMENTS (IGNITOR) WHICH PROVIDES THE IGNITION VOLTAGE REQUIRED AND THE INTEGRATION OF A FUSED ELEMENT IN ONE OF THE POWER SUPPLY LINES. IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THE BASIC DIFFERENCES OF THE INVENTION (MODEL OF UTILITY ON THE SIMILAR AND KNOWN INVENTIONS ARE: Io.- THE TYPE OF CURCUIT USED.- TWO EMBOBINATES (INDUCTIVE REACTANCES) CONNECTED IN SEfr RIE WITH THE LAMP EXISTING SIMILAR EQUIPMENTS , THE ELEMENTS ARE NOT USED, THE SERIAL REACTOR TYPE (FIG.1) ONLY HAS AN EMBROIDERED CONNECTION IN SERIES WITH THE LAMP AND SELF-CONTROLLED AND SELF-REGULATED TYPES (FIGURE 2 AND FIGURE 3 RESPECTIVELY) AUNQ E USE TWO EMBOLINED, ONE OF THEM IS CONNECTED IN SERIES WITH THE LAMP AND THE OTHER IS CONNECTED IN PARALLEL WITH THE LAMP. . . 2nd.- THE INTEGRATION OF A FUSD3LE ELEMENT.- THE INTEGRATION OF A FUSED ELEMENT IN ONE OF THE POWER SUPPLY LINES, WHICH CAUSES ITS DISCONNECTION UNDER THE CONDITION OF OPEN CIRCUIT (LAMP LOOSE, DISCONNECTED, BROKEN OR FINISHED ITS USEFUL LIFE). NONE OF THE EXISTING SIMILAR EQUIPMENT COULD INCLUDE THE INTEGRATION OF A FUSED ELEMENT, SINCE ITS OPOERATION CURRENT IS GREATER THAN ITS CURRENT TO OPEN CIRCUIT. fr

Claims (1)

1. "BALASTER WITH AUTOMATIC DISCONNECTION" * INVENTOR: ING. HUGO ELIAS RAMÍREZ MORENO. MEXICAN NATIONALITY. ADDRESS: ISLOTE N ° 2543. COL. FORESTS OF VICTORY. CITY: GUADALAJARA, JALISCO. C.P. 44570. CLAIMING THE UTILITY MODEL.- PREAMBLE.-f * THE MODIFICATION THAT IS MADE IN THIS UTILITY MODEL, WITH WITH RESPECT TO THE EXISTING EQUIPMENT, PRESENTS THE FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES: BY AUTOMATICALLY DISCONNECTING, IN THE CONDITION OF OPEN CIRCUIT (LAMP LOOSE, DISCONNECTED, BROKEN OR FINISHED YOUR LIFE) AVOID UNNECESSARY ELECTRICITY ENERGY CONSUMPTION, SINCE THIS SAME EQUIPMENT AS IT CURRENTLY EXISTS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC DISCONNECTION, CONSUMERS BETWEEN A 10 AND A 20% OF THE NOMINAL POWER OF THE LAMP THAT FEEDS, WITHOUT HAVING THE BENEFIT OF PRODUCING ILLUMINATION AND PROVOKING IN CHANGE THE ONE THAT HAS TO BE PAID FOR ELECTRICAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION. CHARACTERIZED IN OUE: WITH THIS UTILITY MODEL THE PREVIOUS IS AVOIDED, WITHOUT INCREASING THE COST OF THE PRODUCT IN RELATION TO THE OTHER SIMILAR EQUIPMENT THAT EXIST CURRENTLY. THE DISCONNECTION IS ACHIEVED THANKS TO THE MODIFICATION PERFORMED TO THE CIRCUIT, WITHOUT CURRENTLY EXISTING ANOTHER EQUIPMENT OPERATING IN A SIMILAR MANNER AND GRANTING THE BENEFITS ABOVE MENTIONED, SO THE MODIFICATION MADE TO THE CIRCUIT AND THE INTEGRATION OF A FUSABLE ELEMENT AS A MEANS OF DISCONNECT, IT IS WHAT MUST BE PROTECTED. ADDITIONALLY WITH AUTOMATIC DISCONNECTION, BALLASTERS ARE PREVENTED DAMAGED PREMATURELY, AS THEY HAPPEN WHEN CONNECTED TO THE POWER SUPPLY LINE WITH A BROKEN, DISCONNECTED, OR LOOSE LAMP.