MXPA00001067A - Device for separating the rod and cap of a connecting rod by breaking - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for separating the rod (10) and cap (26) of a connecting rod (12) by breaking, comprising a fixed expansion mandrel half (22) on a fixed device part (4), a mobile expansion mandrel half (20) on a device part (2) which moves in the direction of expansion, and support elements (16, 24) for the rod (10) and the cap (26). The aim of the invention is to create a device which will have a long service life without operational problems and which can separate the rod and cap of a connecting rod from each other with a high degree of precision. To this end, the adjustable support elements (24) are arranged on the fixed device part (4) and the fixed support elements (16) are arranged on the mobile device part (2).

Description

APPARATUS TO SEPARATE BY THE ROD AND THE CAP OF A COUPLING ROD BY INVOICE The present invention relates to an apparatus for fracturing the cap of a larger end and a rod, of a coupling rod; as set forth in the preamble of claim 1.

It is known from document EO 0 396 797 an apparatus for fracture separation of a rod and a cap, comprising support elements that can be advanced on both sides, the fixed part and the movable part of the apparatus. In this known case of the prior art, the advancing support elements are formed by fixing screws (illustrated symbolically as captive screws).

Turning or rotating the set of screws allows the advancement of the support elements for tensioning the coupling rod to be separated, in relation to the moving mandrel half movable and fixed in the apparatus. Experience has shown that holding the coupling rod in place to be separated is necessary to obtain a fracture efinida without negative curvature effects. REF .: 32703 With the support elements that can be "advanced", it is also possible to place the device for fracture separation of a cap and a rod of a coupling rod that differs in size. In addition, with the support elements that can advance, the differences due to manufacturing tolerances can also be compensated.

In the prior art, support elements that can be advanced energized or driven are known to perform a rapid adaptation thereof.

In both cases, in the placement of screws manually and the support elements that can be advanced by means of a drive; there is a problem that the support elements that can be advanced provided in the movable part of the apparatus, are exposed to shock and vibration automatically involved in fracture separation. Thus, in the separation, the two expansion mandrel halves are usually impelled or driven with the help of a separation wedge. This movement and separation of cap of the rod is performed abruptly. ¡^^^ jg ^^^^^^^^ M ^^ tejajs ^^^^^^^^^ jSé! ^^^ In addition, the movable part of the device is hit with a stoppage in which the movement is interrupted ^ Bffisto is especially due to the fact that the supporting elements that advance by means of energy are heavily loaded by this action, which results in problems with the operation itself and long life in the long run.

From DE-A 43 16 354 it is knows an apparatus for fracture separation of a rod and a cap of the larger end of a coupling rod; which includes an expansion mandrel half fixed to a fixed part of the apparatus; with a part of the movable expansion mandrel in a part of the movable apparatus in the direction of expansion; with a separation wedge arranged so that energy is provided for it to move towards a direction between the halves of the expansion mandrel, this for the separation of the halves of the expansion mandrel from one another in the expansion direction; and includes a support member fixed for the rod arranged in the movable part of the apparatus as well as with a supporting element that can advance for the cap arranged in the fixed part of the body. appliance.

Document D2 (US-A-5105538) discloses an apparatus for fracture separation of the rod and the annular cap of a coupling rod; 5 itself including an expansion mandrel half fixed to a fixed part of the apparatus; with an expandable mandrel half movable in a movable part of the apparatus in the expansion direction, and with the support elements for the rod and the cap. The appliance insert is designed to accommodate the cap and the fixed part of the appliance that are accommodated on the rod. The support element for the rod, is formed by a slide that has a notch to have contact with the external circumference of the lower end of the rod. The support element for the cap, is a flexible support element that can advance arranged in the movable part of the apparatus, this support element acts centered on the outer circumference of the cap. The device also is provided with two lateral support elements arranged on the opposite side of the cap support element, that is, on the fixed part of the apparatus. Of these lateral support elements, one is fixed and the other can advance laterally towards an area superficial arrest or lateral stoppage of the cap, so that a flexible contact is obtained there. In the region of the sopojp element :? fixed, the fixed part of the apparatus is bevelled in such a way that it extends partially beyond the annular contour of the cap, however; there is no contact. The apparatus is further provided with opposing lateral torches or defining elements, fixedly arranged in the movable part of the apparatus, on both sides of the flexible cap support element. These stops are not in contact with the part to be separated by fracture, these instead are first placed slightly separated from the cap, so that these do not work as a stop for the protruding portions of the part separated from the cover, until it continues directly the fracture and an additional continuous movement of the part of the separate cap is defined. The • side stops can only advance in common. However, its progress can be made without considering the progress of the flexible stop. The ends of the side stops that face the cap, are beveled such that they hardly have contact between them accommodated a rounded portion of the cap and go partially beyond there. Thus, in this apparatus, the present support or fastening of the coupling rod is given precisely via the notch for the smaller end (end of the rod), in the supporting element of the flexible single cap. The lateral support elements specifically serve to provide some lateral stabilization. The side stops function specifically as elements that define or stop the separate part of the cap.

The present invention aims to provide an apparatus for the separation by fracture of a cap of the major end and the rod, with a long service life with almost no problems, and with which the cap of the greater end can be separated of the rod with high precision.

This object is achieved in accordance with the present invention, by means of an apparatus having the features of claim 1. Additional advantageous aspects of the apparatus according to the present invention are subject of the dependent claims.

The essence of the invention is to provide the elements of supports that can advance, exposed automatically to a greater tension, in the part 1 - . 1 - »~ * x - fiíir * •• yj-Éifix fixed device to reduce the problems related to reliable operation and a long service life. This is particularly important where the 5 support elements are used, which advance in an energized or powered manner. These are usually energized or driven by hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders or by electric motor actuators, which are not only sensitive to shock and vibration, but also added to the thin, flexible (tubing), inlet and outlet pipe for supply and control. The thin, flexible pipe for inlet and outlet in electric motor, hydraulic or pneumatic actuators is particularly sensitive to the shock and the cyclical tensions of reciprocating operation. By arranging or adapting these sensitive parts to the fixed part of the apparatus, in accordance with the invention, the resulting loads and at least the influence of direct shock and vibration are avoided. which is particularly damaging to flexible tubing as well as to electrical wiring.

Since the end caps of the coupling rods always need 2 comprise surface areas of external contact ^ UtiO ?? M? T ^^. . ^ ^? ^^ &g * ^ - ijjf ^ Éj for the screws for the connection of the rod and the cap, the cap can be particularly effectively supported in these contact surface areas. Thus, it is proposed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, that the fixed part of the apparatus be equipped to mount the cap, and the movable part of the apparatus for mounting the rod.

In this arrangement, the rod is fastened particularly in a simple and effective manner in the apparatus when at least one fixed support element is formed by a locating hook for mounting the inner diameter of the lower end of the rod. As an alternative, the fixed support member can also be formed by appropriate recessed contact portions, from the outer surface area of the end of the rod (minor end) to the less in part.

A particularly effective drive of the advancing support elements is to allow them to contact at least one wedge element. changeable, substantially transversely, towards the movement of advance. Such an arrangement allows a particular rigid arrangement to be obtained by the load.

Advantageously in this arrangement two support elements are provided, and a wedge element is assigned for each support element. Thus, the benefit of the advantages of the action of the wedge is possible, while simultaneously holding or securing the coupling rod in place in a reliable manner in two opposite locations.

Adapting the forward movement of each support element, to uniformly hold the coupling rod in place in order to separate it; both wedge elements comprise wedge surface areas that have an identical angle of attack or service. This is how an identical advance movement is obtained for both support elements in such a configuration, when both wedge elements are changed in the same amount or proportion.

The inaccuracies of tolerance in the production of the part of the coupling rod to be supported can now be compensated by virtue of the fact that two advancing elements are provided, each one ggteiMi 1 «y¡¡ ^ gglg ^^ a¿ ^« of which can advance independently to the other. Because in relation to the two support elements, each one advances independently of the other, each part of the coupling rod to be fixedly secured can be placed independently.

Automatic centering by the action of the wedge elements is easily obtained by virtue of the fact that the wedge surface areas of the wedge elements are arranged at opposite angles of attack, and because a hydraulic or pneumatic cylindrical is provided. whose face cooperates with a wedge element, and whose piston cooperates with the other wedge element.

However, by direct-acting hydraulic cylinders, a particularly effective drive of the advancing support elements can also be obtained. This allows each support element in such a case to be connected to the piston rod of a support piston. This connection is configured as an advantage so that each of the support elements can be fixed directly on the front end of the piston rod of the pistons.

There are numerous proposals in the prior art 5, for the loading or placement of the piston rods in the fracture separation apparatus. Another development in the sense of the object of the present invention is, however, achieved with such a loading device with which the apparatus for separation by The fracture is located substantially, in a stationary manner as long as the coupling rods are inserted there. In such a configuration, the hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders, or the electric motor actuators, which include the lines of supply and discharge for supply and control, can be stationary while the load is obtained or is made exclusively by the movement of the coupling rod.

These are basically two possibilities available for the load arrangement. In one of the possibilities, a means of transport can be arranged above the stationary apparatus for the upper insertion / removal of the rod. 2S coupling to / from the device. ^^^ & | jgsfcj- In the other possibility, a timed means of transport is provided under the stationary apparatus from which the coupling rod is taken for insertion into the apparatus, held in the apparatus during separation by fracture, and then it goes back down in the means of transport.

For protection of the sensitive drive system including the supply and discharge lines, also from the indirect shock and vibration it is further convenient to provide a base structure on which the apparatus is mounted via the shock absorbers.

The embodiments of the invention will now be described in greater detail, for a further explanation and a better understanding of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a plan view, schematic, partially sectioned, of a first example embodiment of the apparatus in accordance with the present invention, ^^^, ..fjfp ^ M »Figure 2 is a schematic, detailed, partially sectioned view of a second example embodiment of the apparatus in accordance with the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic, partially sectioned, plan view of a third exemplary embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.

Referring now to Figure 1, there is illustrated the first example embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention, which comprises a movable part 2 and a fixed part 4 of the apparatus. The movable part 2 of the apparatus is guided longitudinally in a structure 8 via the guides 6, shown schematically, in such a way that the movable part 2 of the reciprocating device in the structure 8 equals a slide. The structure 8 as well as the fixed part 4 of the apparatus are securely held in place in a common base structure (not shown).

Retained in the movable part 2 of the apparatus, there is a rod 10 of the coupling rod 12 to be separated. For this purpose, the movable part 2 of the apparatus comprises a substantially flat surface retention area 14 on which the coupling rod 12 rests. Furthermore, the movable part of the apparatus comprises an element which in this case is configured as a shaped block. of V (prism fastener), with reference number 16, whose surface areas of retention are at least partially in contact with the external surface area of the lower end of the rod coupling rod 10. As an alternative, the rod 10 it can be secured to prevent it from rotating or moving from its place by means of a fixed pin projecting inside the inner diameter of the lower end of the coupling rod.

Encased in an inner diameter 18 of the coupling rod 12, there are two expansion mandrel halves 20,22. The half of the expansion mandrel 20 is secured to the movable part 2 of the apparatus and is exited beyond the retaining surface area 14. Accordingly, the coupling rod 12 to be separated, is retained in the region of the rod, by one part, by means of the V-shaped block, 16, which extends beyond the retaining surface area 14 and, on the other hand, by means of the half 20 of the expansion mandrel.

In the fixed part 4 of the apparatus the coupling rod 12 to be separated, is held in place between the half 22 of the expansion mandrel, and the two supporting elements that can advance positioned separately from each other, which in the present example they are formed by two pins 24 guided in the longitudinal direction of the coupling rod 12 to be separated. As is evident from FIG. 1, the two pins 24 engage with the contact surface areas of the cap 26 of the larger end of a coupling rod 12. These areas Surface contact surfaces are needed in a later assembly of the coupling rod 12, to join the rod with the larger end cap together so that the heads of the fixing screws come into contact. It is evident from FIG. 1 that the cap 26 of the larger end of the coupling rod 12 is held or secured in place mainly between the mandrel half 22 expansion and the two pins 24. The fixed part 4 of the U., ..- - ^ * * 2k ~ «^ c ^^. ^ A ^ jjj apparatus further comprises the region of the cap, a cavity 28 into which the cap of the major end can be inserted without problems. of the coupling rod, when the pins 24 are retracted.

While the front face of the pins 24 that can advance, the rear ends of the pins 24 are in contact with the cap 26. are flared in a contact piece 30; at each contact a wedge element 32 via its surface area 33 of the wedge. Each wedge element 32 is secured so that it can be changed, in a cavity 34 oriented substantially perpendicular to the axis of the coupling rod 12, and is supported on the surface of the cavity 34 in relation to the fixed part 4 of the apparatus. Each wedge element 32 cooperates via a piston rod 36 with a double ended hydraulic cylinder 38. To separate the major end cap 26 from the rod 10 of a coupling rod 12, the latter is mounted to the adjacent expansion mandrel halves 20, 22 by its inner diameter 18. In this arrangement, the coupling rod 12 is oriented in such a way that the external surface area of the greater end, is ing < % fta in the V-shaped block, with reference number 16.

After this, it is held in place to the coupling rod 12. For this purpose the hydraulic cylinders 38 are energized or actuated by means of which the two wedge elements 32 move towards each other. The contact pieces 30 run in the surface area of the inclined wedge 33. This results in the guided pins 24 advancing in the direction of the coupling rod 12. Because the coupling rod is defined between the block in V-shaped, 16, and halves 20, 22 of the expansion mandrel, the coupling rod is arranged in such a way that the front faces of the pins 24 are propelled together against the contact surfaces of the larger end cap 26 In order to hold the coupling rod uniformly in place, this between the middle 22 of the expansion mandrel and the pins 24, the hydraulic cylinder 38 can be energized or actuated individually. By sensing the internal pressure in each hydraulic cylinder 38, the force with which each pin 24 is urged against the cap 26 can be controlled. This makes it possible to hold the coupling rod in a suitable place.

Once the coupling rod 12 has been inserted into the apparatus and the same is held in its corresponding place via the pins 24, the current separation continues as in the prior art. For this purpose, a separation wedge 40 is placed between the halves 20,22 of the expansion mandrel which is energized to divide the two halves 20,22 of the expansion mandrel one from the other. In the breaking of the connection between the rod 10 and the cap 26, the movable part 2 of the apparatus distances itself from the fixed part 4 of the apparatus in an abrupt manner. This sudden movement is damped by the stops of springs secured to the structure 8.

The coupling rod now separated can then be removed from the apparatus. This first requires that the wedge elements 32 be retracted via the hydraulic cylinders 38, to release the tension in the cap 26. After this, the rod 10 and the cap 26 can be removed from the apparatus either manually or automatically.

Referring now to Figure 2, there is illustrated a detail of a second example embodiment of the present invention on an enlarged scale. This is so that it is noted that the components equal to Figure 1, in Figure 2, are identified by the same reference numbers.

The embodiment example as shown in Figure 2, differs substantially from the example embodiment as shown in Figure 1, because the two wedge elements 32 are energized or actuated by a common hydraulic cylinder 44. In the example embodiment as shown in Figure 2, the hydraulic cylinder 44 is fixedly connected to a wedge element 32, in view that the other wedge element 32 cooperates with the hydraulic cylinder 44 by means of a piston 46 which penetrates the first wedge element, and is connected to a piston 48 sealed in the cylinder 44.

The two wedge surface areas 33 in the exemplary embodiment show an identical angle of attack, this in relation to the sliding plane of the wedge elements 32. In addition the wedge elements are placed oppositely inclined in relation to each other. The fact of advancing the pins 24 to hold the cap 26 of the larger end in place, results in the two wedge elements 32 moving towards each other, this action of The forward movement is made possible only with the aid of a single hydraulic cylinder 44. By virtue of the geometry of the hydraulic cylinder 44; a substantially identical advancing force acts on the two wedge elements 32. Thus, with this arrangement, this The simple design feature makes it possible for each of the pins 24 to be in contact with the cap 26 with an identical force.

To release the tension in the cap 26 once it has been separated from the rod 10, for the separation of the two wedge elements 32, a force is applied to these by means of the action of the cylinder 44. Stops or means of detention (not shown), which define this movement of the two wedge elements 32, prevent mainly that an element of wedge change, while the other wedge element remains in place. This is how it is ensured that both pins 24 are separated from the half 22 of the expansion mandrel, in order to make room for the insertion of a new coupling rod.

Referring now to Figure 3, there is illustrated a third example embodiment comprising the 10 support elements 24 in the form of pins, each arranged directly on the front end of the piston rods 50 of the hydraulic support pistons 51.

The placement of the pistons is considered by means for this purpose 52, indicated only schematically in Figure 3.

The rods of the pistons 50 and the 20 pistons 51 are mounted in a cylindrical housing 53 arranged in the fixed part 4 of the apparatus.

During fracture separation, the support elements 24 are kept in contact with the cap 26 of the greater end of the rod * '* fa * IÍ > afc '- ^ £ ^ A * ^ > .- "* - coupling 12 by controlled hydraulic pressure The retraction of each support element 24 during a fracture separation is ensured by a check valve 54 arranged in a sealed manner in the cylindrical housing 53.

It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known by the applicant, to implement the said invention is that 0 is clear from the manufacture of the objects to which it refers.

Having described the invention as above, the content of the following 5 is claimed as property: 0

Claims (15)

RESIGNATIONS

1. An apparatus for the separation by fracture of the rod and the upper end cap, of a coupling rod, which includes: an expansion mandrel half fixed in a fixed part of the apparatus, a movable expansion mandrel half in the part movable of the apparatus, in the direction of the expansion, a separation wedge placed between the halves of the expansion mandrel, which is driven by means of energy propelling towards the part of the two mandrel halves of expansion one of another, and a fixed support element arranged in the movable part of the apparatus for the rod, and a support element that can advance, arranged in the fixed part of the apparatus for the upper end cap, characterized in that: they are provided for the larger end cap, the two support elements that can advance and act independently of one another, each of which has contact with at least one of the two wedge elements to opposites, changeable to / from one another substantially transversely, towards the forward movement of the support elements.

2. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the fixed part 10 of the apparatus is equipped for reception of the upper end cap, and the movable part of the apparatus is equipped for the reception of the rod.

3. The apparatus as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that the fixed support element is formed by a hook in which the inner diameter of the lower end of the rod, and this is capable of being mounted.

4. The apparatus as set forth in claim 2, characterized in that the fixed support element comprises a cavity having contact with at least one of the portions of the outer surface area of the end of the rod. 25 ^^ á - ^^^^ j ^^ ¡gjg ^^^^^ jj ^

5. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the two wedge elements comprise surface areas of the wedge having an identical angle of attack or service.

6. The apparatus as set out in claim 5, characterized in that the wedge surface areas of the wedge elements are arranged in an opposite inclined manner and that a hydraulic cylinder is provided which on one of its sides cooperates with the wedge element. and whose piston cooperates with the other wedge element.

7. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1 or 6, characterized in that each of the support elements is connected to the piston rod of a support piston.

8. The apparatus as set forth in claim 7, characterized in that each of the support elements is arranged directly on the front end of the piston rod.

9. The apparatus as set forth in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a base structure is provided on which the apparatus is fixed, via shock absorbers.

10. The apparatus as set forth in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that arranged above the stationary apparatus, there is a means of transport for the insertion of the coupling rods into the apparatus, from above, and for the removal thereof in the apparatus. same way.

11. The apparatus as set forth in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a means of timed transport is provided under the stationary apparatus, from which the coupling rods are raised for insertion into the apparatus, these are held in the apparatus during separation by fracture, and then return down in the means of transport.

12. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the two opposite wedge elements are clamped in a manner S ^^ att-itf i ^ fe-ia ^ iafji a. üj ü¿ jgmg "changeable, this in a cavity oriented substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the coupling rod, and are supported on the surface of the cavity in relation to the fixed part of the apparatus.

13. The apparatus as set forth in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a rear end of each support element, 10 which can advance, is facing from the cap of the major end, it moves away in a contact piece, which has contact with a wedge element assigned via the wedge surface area thereof.

14. The apparatus as set forth in claim 13, characterized in that the contact piece is in sliding contact with the surface area of the wedge.

15. The apparatus as set forth in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two opposite wedge elements are energized or actuated by a common hydraulic cylinder. 2 ^ ffi- ^ T go ^