MXPA00000800A - Stable liquid composition comprising high levels of emollients - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides high foaming aqueous liquid compositions with levels of oil/emollient equal to or in excess of level of surfactant. It is surprising that good levels of foam can be maintained at such high levels of emollient. In addition to surfactant and emollient, compositions also preferably comprise C12-C24 fatty acid and/or cationic polymer.

Description

STABLE LIQUID COMPOSITION THAT COMPRISES HIGH LEVELS OF EMOLLIENTS DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to liquid cleaning compositions of the type typically used in skin cleansing or a shower gel composition. In particular, the invention relates to liquid compositions comprising high levels of emollients, especially when emollient levels are equal to or exceed the level of the total surfactant. Liquid cleaners and shower gels are well known in the art. The use of such aqueous liquid cleaners with humectants is also known (see U.S. Patent No. 5,308,526 to Dias et al., Or U.S. Patent No. 5,234,619 to Greene et al., For example). In U.S. Patent No. 5,234,619 to Greene et al., It is disclosed that humectants can be included at levels up to about 20%, and among the described humectants include petrolatum, mineral oil, silicones and various animal or vegetable oils (see claim 3, lines 8-28).

However, in these references, the level of oil / emollient used is always below the level of the surfactant used. The document J.P. 07/025726 relates to a skin cleansing agent comprising 15 to 30% by weight of an anionic surfactant and an amphoteric surfactant, and 30 to 60% by weight of oil and water. The W.O. 93/19149 relates to an aqueous foam producing cleaning product, comprising 5 to about 50% by weight of a mixed surfactant system and 3 to 40% by weight of an insoluble nonionic oil or wax, wherein the proportion in Total surfactant weight: nonionic oil or wax is in the range of about 10: 1 to about 1: 3. The composition is in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion having a viscosity in the range of 10,000 to 40,000 cps. The document E.P. 0,111,895 relates to an aqueous emulsion for skin care, for application to moist skin, comprising a component of liquid oil, an alkaline soap and an alkyl sulfate and / or alkyl sulfate polyglycol ether in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of the emulsion. Specifically, the invention relates to aqueous liquid compositions comprising: (1) 3 to 30%, preferably 10 to 25% by weight of surfactant, particularly surfactant systems comprising a mixture of anionic and amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants; and (2) 10 to 35%, preferably 10 to 30% oil or emollient, wherein the oil / emollient level is equal to, or in excess of the total level of surfactant. Preferably, the compositions have a viscosity of 50,000-300,000 cps measured using a Brookflied viscometer with a helical path fitting and a T-bar rod A, at 0.5 rpm (measured at room temperature). In preferred embodiments, the composition further comprises 0 to 10%, preferably 0.1 to 8%, more preferably 0.1 to 4% by weight of a C 12 -C 24 fatty acid and / or 0.01 to 5%, preferably 0.01 to 3 % cationic polymeric conditioner. The present invention relates to aqueous or shower gel cleaning compositions, which comprise surfactant and emollient / oil systems wherein the oil / emollient level equals or exceeds the level of surfactant. By using the compositions of the invention, it is possible to obtain an ultra-smooth body wash, with a high level of foam formation that is stable and does not phase separate into an oil-rich and a surfactant-rich phase. Large amounts of foam are generated even at high oil levels, while the oil simultaneously counteracts skin irritation and dryness. The compositions are set forth in greater detail in the following. The surfactant system of the present invention comprises 3% to 30%, preferably about 10 to 25% surfactant, when at least one surfactant is an anionic surfactant. The anionic surfactant may be, for example, an aliphatic sulfonate, such as a primary alkane sulfonate (for example of C8-C22), a primary alkane disulfonate (for example of C8-C22), a C8-C22 alkene sulfonate, a C8-C22 hydroxyalkane sulphonate or an alkylglyceryl ether sulfonate (AGS); or an aromatic sulfonate such as alkylbenzene sulfonate. The anionic part can also be an alkyl sulfate (for example C12-C18 alkyl sulfate), or alkyl ether sulfate (which includes alkyl ether sulfate and glyceryl).

Among the alkyl ether sulphates are those having the formula: RO (CH2CH20) nS03M wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl having 8 to 18 carbons, preferably 12 to 18 carbons, n has an average value greater than 1.0, preferably between 2 and 3; and M is a solubilizing cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium. Lauryl ammonium and sodium ether sulfates are preferred. The anionic substance may also be alkyl sulfosuccinates (including monoalkyl and dialkyl, for example C3-C22 sulfosuccinates); alkyl and acyl taurates, alkyl and acyl sarcosinates, sulfoacetates, C8-C22 alkyl phosphates and phosphates, alkyl phosphate esters and alkoxylalkyl phosphate esters, acyl lactates, succinates and C8-C22 monoalkyl maleates, sulfoacetates and acyl isothionates. The sulfosuccinates can be or include; monoalkyl sulfosuccinates having the formula: R02CCH2CH (S03M) C02M; Amido-MEA sulfosuccinates of the formula R4CONHCH7CH202CCH, CH (SO, M) C02M wherein R 4 varies from C 8 -C 22 alkyl and M is a solubilizing cation; and - amido-MIPA sulfosuccinates of the formula RCONH (CH2) CH (CH3) (S03M) C02M where M is as defined above. Also included as suitable are alkoxylated citrate sulfosuccinates, and alkoxylated sulfosuccinates such as the following: O R_0 (CH2CH20) nCCH2CH (S03M) C02M where n = 1 to 20; and M is as defined above. Sarcosinates are generally indicated by the formula RC0N (CH3) CH2C02M, wherein R varies from C8 to C20 alkyl and M is a solubilizing cation. Tauratos are usually identified by the formula R2C0NR3CH2CH2S03M wherein R 2 varies from C 8 -C 20 alkyl, R 3 varies from C 1 -C 4 alkyl, and M is a solubilizing cation. Another suitable class of anionic substances are carboxylates such as the following: R- (CH7CH20) nC02M wherein R is C8 to C20 alkyl; n is 0 to 20; and M is as defined above. Another carboxylate which can be used is amidoalkyl polypeptide carboxylates such as, for example, Monteine LCQ "by Seppic Another surfactant which can be used are C8-C18 acyl isethionates.These esters are prepared by reaction between isethionate alkali metal with mixed aliphatic fatty acids having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and an iodine value less than 20. At least 75% of the mixed fatty acids have from 12 to 18 carbon atoms and up to 25% have 6 to 10 carbon atoms The acyl isethionate, if used, can be an alkoxylated isethionate such as that described in Ilardi et al., U.S. Patent Number 5,393,466. This compound has the general formula: O X R C-O-CH-CH 2 - (OCH-CH 2) I-1-SO J, M wherein R is an alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbons, m is an integer from 1 to 4, X and Y are hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbons and M + is a monovalent cation such as, for example , sodium, potassium or ammonium. In general, the anionic component will comprise from about 1 to 20% by weight of the composition, preferably 2 to 15%, and more preferably 5 to 12% by weight of the composition. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, there is at least one anionic surfactant which could be used in combination with a zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactant. Zwitterionic surfactants are exemplified by those which can be broadly described as derivatives of quaternary ammonium, aliphatic, phosphonium and sulfonium compounds, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched chains, and in which one of the substituents aliphatic contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic group, for example carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate. A general formula for these compounds is: wherein R2 contains an alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl radical of from about 8 to about 18 18 carbon atoms, from 0 to about 10 portions of ethylene oxide and from 0 to about a glyceryl portion; And it is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur atoms; R3 is an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl group containing from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; X is 1 when Y is a sulfur atom and 2 when Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus atom; R 4 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene of from about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms and Z is a radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphonate and phosphate groups. Examples of such surfactants include: 4- [N, N-di (2-hydroxyethyl) -N-octadecylammonium] -butan-1-carboxylate; 5- [S-3-hydroxypropyl-S-exadec i 1 sulphonium] -3-hydroxypentan-1-sulfate; 3- [P, P-diethyl-P-3, 6, 9-trioxatetradexocylphosphonium] -2-hydroxypropan-1-phosphate; 3 - [N, N - dip rop i l - N - 3 - dode c ox i - 2 -hydroxypropylammonium] propan-1-phosphonate; 3- (N, N-dimethyl-1-N-hexadecylammonium) propan-1-sulfonate; 3- (N, N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylammonium) -2-hydroxypropan-1-sulfonate; 4- [N, N-di (2-hydroxyethyl) -N- (2-hydroxydedecyl) ammonium] -butane-1-carboxylate; 3- [S-ethyl-S- (3-dodecoxy-2-hydroxypropyl) sulfonium] -propan-1-phosphate; 3- [P, P-dimethyl-P-dodecylphosphonium] -propan-1-phosphonate; Y - [N, N-di (3-hydroxypropyl) -N-hexadecylammonium] -2- hydroxy-pentan-1-sulfate. Amphoteric detergents which can be used in this invention include at least one acid group. This can be a carboxylic or sulfonic acid group. They include quaternary nitrogen and therefore are amido quaternary acids. They can generally include an alkyl or alkenyl group of 7 to 18 carbon atoms. They usually comply with a general structural formula: R - [-C-NH (CH-) -1 -N -X-Y wherein R1 is alkyl or alkenyl of 7 to 18 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are each independently alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; n is 2 to 4; m is O to 1; X is alkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms optionally substituted with hydroxyl, and And it's -C02- or -SO, Suitable amphoteric detergents within the above general formula include simple betaines of the formula: and amidobetaines of formula: where m is 2 or 3 In both formulas, R1, R2 and R3 are as previously defined. In particular, R1 can be a mixture of C12 and C14 alkyl groups derived from coconut so that at least half, preferably at least three quarters of the groups R1 have 10 to 14 carbon atoms. R2 and R3 are preferably methyl. An additional possibility is that the amphoteric detergent is a sulfobetaine of formula R R-CONH (CH) N (CH2) 3S03 m ^ where m is 2 or 3, or variants of these, in which - (CH2) 3SO "3 is substituted by In these formulas R1, R2 and R3 are as previously discussed. The amphoacetates and dianfoacetates are also intended to be covered in the possible zwitterionic and / or amphoteric compounds which may be used. The amphoteric can generally comprise from about 0.1 to 20%, preferably from 5 to 15% of the composition. As indicated, the total surfactant should not exceed about 30% of the composition. A particularly preferred system comprises about 5 to 15% of anionic, particularly 5 to 15% of alkali metal C8-C16 ether sulfate (for example sodium lauryl ether sulfate) and about 5 to 15% amphoteric, which is selected of amphoacetates (for example sodium lauroamfoacetate) or amidoalkylbetaine (for example cocoamido propylbetaine), or mixtures thereof. The surfactant system may also optionally comprise a nonionic surfactant. The nonionic compound which can be used includes in particular the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide. The specific non-ionic detergent compounds are condensates of alkylphenols (C6-C22) -ethylene oxide, the condensation products of aliphatic (C8-C18) primary or secondary alcohols, linear or branched, with ethylene oxide and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. Other so-called nonionic detergent compounds include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulfoxides. The nonionic compound can also be a sugar amide, such as polysaccharide amide. Specifically, the surfactant may be one of the lactobionides described in U.S. Patent No. 5,389,279 to Au et al., Or it may be one of the sugar amides described in U.S. Patent No. 5,009,814 to Kelkenberg. Other surfactants which may be used are described in U.S. Patent No. 3,723,325 to Parran Jr., and non-ionic alkyl polysaccharide surfactants as described in U.S. Patent No. 4,565,645 for filling.

Preferred alkyl polysaccharides are alkyl polyglycosides of the formula R20 (CnH2nO) t (glycosyl) x wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof in which the alkyl groups contain from about 10 to about 18, preferably from about 12 to about 14, carbon atoms; n is 0 to 3, preferably 2; t is from 0 to about 10, preferably 0; and x is from 1.3 to about 10, preferably from 1.3 to about 2.7. The glycosyl is preferably derived from glucose. To prepare these compounds, the alcohol or alkylpolyethoxy alcohol is first formed and then reacted with glucose, or a source of glucose, to form the glucoside (linkage at position 1). The additional glycosyl units can then be linked between their position 1 and the preceding glycosyl units in positions 2, 3, 4 and / or 6, predominantly in position 2. The nonionic surfactant can typically comprise 0 to 10% by weight of the composition.

The present invention also comprises an amount of oil / emollient required to be equal to or be an excess of the amount of the total surfactant. Various suitable classes of oils are set forth below. These include: Vegetable oils: Peanut oil, castor oil, cocoa butter, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, almond seed oil, rapeseed oil, seed oil Saffron, sesame seed oil and soybean oil, and sunflower seed oil: Esters: Butyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, decyl oleate, glyceryl laurate, glyceryl oleate castor, glyceryl stearate, isostearate glyceryl, hexyl laurate, isobutyl palmitate, isocetyl stearate, isopropyl isostearate, isopropyl laurate, isopropyl linoleate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl stearate, propylene glycol monolaurate, propylene glycol oleate castor, propylene glycol stearate and prolilenglicol isostearate. Animal fats: lanolin alcohols, acylated lanolin alcohols, lanolin, tallow, mink oil and tallow oil.

Fatty acids and alcohols: Behenic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, eicosanilic alcohol and isocetyl alcohol. Other examples of oil / emollients include mineral oil, petrolatum, silicone oil such as dimethylpolysiloxane, lauryl lactate and myristyl. Particularly preferred emollients include vegetable oils, particularly sunflower seeds. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sunflower seed oil comprises at least about 20% by weight of the composition. The emollients will generally comprise 10% to 35%, preferably 10% to 30% of the composition. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the composition will comprise a "structuring" fatty acid which helps form a lamellar phase (lamellar phase compositions are particularly preferred). The structurant helps to suspend the emollient and at the same time maintains good cutting thinning properties. The fatty acid is usually a C12-C24 fatty acid.

A paricularly preferred fatty acid is lauric acid. Other preferred fatty acids include, but are not limited to, palm kernel acid, palm fatty acid, and isostearic acid. The acid will typically comprise 0% to 10%, preferably 0.1% to 8%, more preferably 0.1 to 4% of the composition.

In another preferred embodiment, the composition will comprise cationic conditioners. Examples of such polymers include Quatrisoft LM-200, Polyquaternium-24, Polyquaternium 30 from Calgon and cationic polymers of the Jaguar1 * type from Rhone Poulenc. Generally, the cationic conditioner will comprise 0.01% to 3% of the composition. Finally, the water will comprise the rest of the composition. The water generally comprises more than about 30%, preferably more than about 40% by weight of the composition. In addition, the compositions of the invention may include optional ingredients as follows: Organic solvents such as ethanol; auxiliary keners such as carboxymethylcellulose, magnesium aluminum silicate, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose, carbopols, glucamides or Antil "by Rhone Poulenc; perfumes; sequestering agents such as tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate; (EDTA), EHDP or mixtures in an amount from 0.01 to 1%, preferably from 0.01 to 0.05%; and coloring, opacifying and opalescent agents such as zinc stearate, magnesium stearate, Ti02, EGMS (ethylene glycol monostearate) or Lytron 621 (styrene / acrylate copolymer); All of which are useful to improve the appearance or cosmetic properties of the product.

The compositions may further comprise antimicrobials such as 2-hydroxy-4,2 ', 4'-trichlorodiphenylether (DP300); preservatives such as dimethyloldimethylhydantoin (Glydant XL1000), parabens, sorbic acid, etc. The compositions may also comprise acyl mono, or coconut diethanolamides as suds reinforcements, and strongly ionizing salts such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate may also be used to advantage. Antioxidants such as, for example, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in amounts of about 0.01% or higher, if appropriate, may be advantageously used. Thickeners which can be used Amerchol Polymer HM 1500 (nonoxynil hydroxyethyl cellulose); Glucam DOE 120 (PEG 120 methyl glucose dioleate); Rewoderm ^ (PEG-modified glyceryl cocoate, palmate or seboate) from Rewo Chemicals; Antil "141 (from Goldschmidt) Another optional ingredient which can be added are deflocculating polymers, such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 5,147,576 to Montague Another ingredient which may be included are exfoliants such as polyoxyethylene spheres. , walnut shells and apricot seeds The compositions of the invention will generally have a viscosity of about 50,000 to 300,000 centipoises (cps) measured using a Brookfield viscometer with a helical path attachment and a T-bar rod at 0.5 rpm ( measured at room temperature.) It is intended that all percentages in the specification and examples are by weight, unless stated otherwise.

EXAMPLES The following examples of composition of the invention are set forth below: The compositions I-V are prepared as follows. The surfactants are mixed at 65.6-82.2 ° C (150-180 ° F) with deionized water followed by the addition of citric acid and / or magnesium sulfate, emollient oils, fatty acids, preservatives and antioxidants. In Examples I, IV-V, the fatty acid is dissolved in the sunflower seed oil and the oil premix is added. Perfumes are added at approximately 37.8-48.8 ° C (100-120 ° F) as the batch cools. As you can see in each example, the oil or emollient is equal to or exceeds the level of surfactant.

Claims (8)

1. An aqueous liquid composition, comprising: (a) 3 to 30% by weight of surfactant system comprising a surfactant which is selected from an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a cationic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant and mixtures thereof, wherein at least one anionic surfactant must be present; and (b) 10 to 35% by weight of an oil / emollient that is selected from vegetable oils, esters, animal fats, mineral oils, petrolatum, silicone oil and mixtures thereof, wherein the oil / emollient level is equal to or exceeds the level of surfactant, (c) 0.1 to 8% by weight of a C 12 224 fatty acid, (d) 0.01 to 3% by weight of a cationic polymer; and (e) more than 30% by weight of water; wherein the composition is in a lamellar phase; and wherein the composition has a viscosity, at room temperature of 50,000 to 300,000 cps.

2. The composition as described in claim 1, wherein the surfactant system comprises a mixture of anionic and amphoteric surfactants.

3. The composition as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the anionic surfactant is an alkali metal C8-C15 ether sulfate.

4. The composition as described in any of the preceding claims, wherein the amphoteric surfactant is selected from the group consisting of amphoacetates and amidoalkylbetaines.

5. The composition as described in any of the preceding claims, wherein the anionic surfactant is an alkali metal C8-C16 ether sulfate and the amphoteric surfactant is selected from the group consisting of amphoacetates and amidoalkylbetaines.

6. The composition as described in any of the preceding claims, wherein the vegetable oil is sunflower seed oil.

7. The composition as described in any of the preceding claims, wherein the fatty acid is lauric acid, palm kernel acid, palm fatty acid or isostearic acid.

8. The composition as described in any of the preceding claims, comprising 10 to 25% surfactant.