MXPA00000467A - Rotary bristle tool with preferentially oriented bristles - Google Patents

Abstract

A rotary bristle tool having a backing with a plurality of bristles extending therefrom. The bristles have a cross section and preferential orientation to control deflection during rotation of the tool. One embodiment is well suited for refining the inside surface of two-way and three-way corners. The backing and bristles are preferably integrally molded. The rotary bristle tool is molded from a moldable polymer such as a thermoset polymer, thermoplastic polymer, or thermoplastic elastomer. The rotary bristle tool can include an attachment member molded integrally with the backing. Also disclosed is a method of making a rotary bristle tool and a method of refining a workpiece surface with a rotary bristle tool.

Description

ROTATING PITCH TOOL WITH PREFERENTIALLY ORIENTED PIGS TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates generally to a rotating, bristle tool having a plurality of preferentially oriented bristles extending from the support, and more particularly to a rotating, molded bristle tool. integral manner, in which the cross section and orientation of the bristles provide the desired deflection during the operation of the rotating bristle tool.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Brushes have been used for many years to polish, clean and burnish a wide variety of substrates. These brush products typically have a plurality of bristles that come in contact with the substrate. Abrasive particles can be added to the bristles to increase their abrasion capacity. U.S. Patent No. 3,233,272, "Swivel Brush" (Pambello), discloses brushes, particularly rotary brushes of the brush type of arranged lengthwise or spirally, which are ref. 32501 • ^^ - ^^^ A mainly for heavy work such as brushing paved streets, sidewalks, concrete floors and the like. In one embodiment, the Pambello rotating brush comprises a rotating structure, a brushing element formed of a unitary band of deformable plastic material arranged annularly on the structure, the band has a longitudinally extending base and has extending alabe means outwards from the base and formed with a point at the upper end thereof. The Pambello brushing band can be formed from plastic materials by molding or extrusion and cutting operations. U.S. Patent No. 5,233,794, "Rotary Tool Made of Inorganic Fiber Reinforced Plastic", (Kikutani et al.), Discloses a rotating tool 5 having a rotating tip integrally formed with an axis 3. The rotating tool is formed of a thermosetting resin containing long inorganic fibers with a high degree of hardness as abrasive media in an amount of 50% to 81% by volume. The long inorganic fibers can have a diameter in the range of 3 μm to 30 μm. In one of the embodiments of Kikutani et al., The rotating tip is formed as a column or cylinder with elements corresponding to the bristles of a brush extending from the tip.

It is known how to form various types of abrasive filaments of thermoplastic elastomers. U.S. Patent No. 5,427,595 (Pihl) discloses an extruded abrasive filament that includes a first elongated filament component having a continuous surface along its entire length and including a first hardened organic polymer and second organic elongated filament component and terminating together with the first elongated filament component, including a second organic polymeric material hardened in adhesive contact by melting with. the first elongated filament component along the continuous surface. The second hardened organic polymeric material may be the same or different as the first hardened organic polymeric material. At least one of the first and second hardened organic polymeric materials includes a thermoplastic elastomer having abrasive particles adhered thereto. Also described is an abrasive article comprised of at least one abrasive filament mounted to a substrate such as a bushing adapted to rotate at high revolution speeds. U.S. Patent No. 5,460,883 (Barber) discloses a composite abrasive filament that includes at least one preformed core at least partially coated with a thermoplastic elastomer having dispersed abrasive particles adhered thereto, the thermoplastic elastomer and the abrasive particles together comprising a composition hardened. The composite abrasive filament has a hardened compositions on at least a portion, preferably over the entire surface of at least one preformed core. The preformed core is formed in a separate passage from and before one or more coating steps, one of which coats the preformed core with thermoplastic elastomer filled with abrasive. U.S. Patent Nos. 5,174,795 and 5,232,470 (Wiand) teach a flat abrasive article comprising a sheet portion with a plurality of projections extending therefrom. The abrasive particles are dispersed homogeneously throughout the length of the mouldable material comprising the article. Wiand teaches a modality that has small projections that extend 1.6 mm (.063 inches) from the support and that have a diameter of 3.2 mm (0.125 inches), and another modality that has short projections that extend 1.3 - 1.5 mm (0.05) - 0.06 inches) from the bracket and having a diameter of 1.3 mm (0.05 inches). British Patent Application No. 2,043,501 (Da kins) describes an abrasive article for polishing ophthalmic workpieces. The abrasive article is made by an injection molding and a mixture of abrasive grains and a thermoplastic binder to form an abrasive article comprising a flexible support having a plurality of abrasives. vertical projections, the ends of which act as operational abrasive surfaces. It is known how to integrally mold bristles with the support of a brush. U.S. Patent No. 5,679,067, issued October 21, 1997, discloses a molded abrasive brush having a support with a plurality of bristles extending therefrom. The support and the bristles are preferably integrally molded. The brush is molded from a moldable polymer such as a thermosetting polymer, thermoplastic polymer or thermoplastic elastomer. The moldable polymer includes a plurality of interdispersed organic or inorganic abrasive particles through at least the bristles, and can be interdispersed through the brush. The moldable brush may include attachment means molded integrally with the support. Johnson et al, describes that the bristles can have any cross-sectional area, including but not limited to, circular, star, crescent, quarter moon, oval, rectangular, square, triangular, diamond or polygonal. In a preferred embodiment, the Johnson et al. Bristles comprise a constant circular cross-section throughout the length of the sow. In other preferred embodiments of Johnson et al, the bristles have a non-constant or variable cross section over the entire length or a portion of the length of the bristle. Similar brushes are also described in the publication of the International Patent Application of WIPO No. 96/33638. US Patent Application Serial No. 08 / 782,782, Holmes et al., Filed on January 13, 1997, discloses similar brushes which additionally include heads configured to engage with holes in a retaining nut. ROLOCMR Bristle Brushes are commercially available from the Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul, Minnesota. Such brushes are molded abrasive brushes having a support with a plurality of bristles extending therefrom. The support and the bristles are integrally molded. The brush is molded from a thermoplastic elastomer and includes a plurality of interdispersible abrasive particles through the brush. The bristles have a circular cross section along the length of the bristles, and are tapered to be wider at the base than at the tip.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Although the commercial success of Bristle Bristles ROLOCMR available has been impressive, it is desirable to pray even more the operation of such rotary tools.

For example, it is desirable to control the amount of radial displacement of the bristles during the operation, and to control the amount of permanent movement of the bristles at rest after use. It is also desirable to provide a tool configuration that is convenient and effective for refining the interior surface of a two-way or three-way corner. In one aspect, the present invention provides a first embodiment of a rotating bristle tool. The rotating bristle tool comprises a base including a first side, a second side, and a center of rotation; and an arrangement of bristles that extend from the first side of the base. Each of the bristles includes a root adjacent to the base and a tip opposite the root, and the bristles comprise an elastomeric polymer. The arrangement of bristles defines an external diameter of the root of the arrangement in the roots of the bristles and an outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement in the tips of the bristles, and the ratio of the outer diameter of the root of the arrangement to the external diameter of the bristles. the tip of the arrangement is at least 2: 1. In a preferred version of the rotating, anterior bristle tool, the arrangement is circular, and the outer diameters of the root and the tip of the array are concentric with the center of rotation of the base. Optionally, the bristles may include a plurality of abrasive particles therein. Preferably, the bristles comprise a thermoplastic elastomer.

In another preferred embodiment of the bristle, rotating tool, above, the bristles include a cross section and a cross section of the tip. The cross section of the root includes a greater thickness of the root and 5 a smaller thickness of the root, and the ratio of the greater thickness of the root to the smaller thickness of the root is at least 2: 1. The greater thickness of the root is oriented at an angle of -20 ° to + 20 ° in relation to a line that extends from the center of rotation of the base to the root. In a preferred embodiment, the greater thickness of the r.aiz is oriented along a line extending from the center of rotation of the base toward the root. In another preferred embodiment, the bristles have a bristle length from root to tip, and the ratio of the length of the bristle to the smallest thickness of the root is at least 5: 1. In another preferred embodiment, the bristles are configured so that rotation of the bristle tool, rotating around the center of rotation of the base at 1000 RPM causes the bristles to bend, so that the ratio of the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement to the outside diameter of the root of the arrangement is at least 1: 1. Even more preferably, the bristles are configured so that rotation of the rotating bristle tool around the center of rotation of the base at 3000 RPM makes that the bristles are bent, so that the ratio of the external diameter of the tip of the arrangement to the external diameter of the root of the arrangement is at least 1.5: 1. In another preferred embodiment, the bristles are configured so that the rotating bristle tool rotation around the center of rotation of the base at 2000 RPM of the bristles is bent so that the ratio of the outer diameter of the tip of the array during rotation to the diameter of the tip of the arrangement at rest is at least 1.5: 1. In another preferred embodiment, the bristles are configured so that with the rotation of the bristle tool, rotating around the center of rotation of the base at a sufficiently high rotational speed to cause the bristles to bend, so that the outer diameter from the tip of the arrangement under the rotation is at least sometimes the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement at rest, the tangential component of the deflection at the tips is greater than the radial component of the deflection of the tips. Even more preferably, the ratio of the tangential component of the deflection at the tips to the radial component of the deflection at the tips is at least 3: 1. In another preferred embodiment of the rotating, anterior bristle tool, the bristles are integrally molded with the base. Preferably, the bristles and the base comprise a thermoplastic elastomer. Another aspect of the present invention presents a second embodiment of a rotating bristle tool. The rotating bristle tool comprises a base including a first side, a second side and a center of rotation. A plurality of bristles extend from the first side of the base, and the bristles comprise a moldable polymer. Each of the bristles includes a root attached to the base, a tip opposite the root ,. and a length from the root of the tip. The bristles include a cross section of the root and a cross section of the tip. The cross section of the root includes a greater thickness of the root and a smaller thickness of the root, and the ratio of the greater thickness of the root to the smaller thickness of the root is at least 1.5: 1. The greater thickness of the root is oriented at an angle of -20 ° to + 20 ° in relation to a line that extends from the center of rotation of the base to the root. The ratio of the length of the sow to the greater thickness of the root is at least 5: 1. In a preferred embodiment of a rotating anterior bristle tool, the bristles include an inner side facing the center of rotation of the base, an outer side oriented below the center of rotation of the base, and the first and second opposite sides. to others and that yg ^ gjjí i ^ extend from the inner side to the outer side. At least at the root of the bristle, the inner side has a first radius of curvature and the outer side has a second radius of curvature, and the ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is at least 2: 1. Preferably, there is a uniform transition from the inner side to the first and second side and from the outer side to the first and second sides. Optionally, the bristles include a plurality of abrasive particles therein. In another aspect of the present invention a third preferred embodiment of a rotating bristle tool is presented. The rotating bristle tool comprises a base including a first side, a second side, and a center of rotation. An array of bristles extends from the first side of the base. The bristles comprise a moldable elastomeric polymer. Each of the sows includes a root adjacent to the base, a tip opposite the root, and a length from the root to the tip. The root includes a root cross section that includes a greater thickness of the root and a smaller thickness of the root. The ratio of the length of the bristle to the smallest thickness of the root is at least 4: 1. The arrangement defines an outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement to the tips of the bristles. The bristles are configured such that after rotation of the rotating bristle tool around the center of rotation of the base at a sufficiently high rotational speed causes the bristles to bend to an outside diameter of the tip of the array under the rotation which is At least twice the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement at rest, the ratio of the tangential component of the deflection to the radial component of the deflection is at least 3: 1. The material, manufacturing process and configuration of the bristle tool, rotating, will depend on the application of the desired coating. As used herein, the term "refined" includes at least one of the following: removing a portion of the surface of a workpiece; impart a surface finish to a work piece; clean the surface of a work piece, including the removal of paint or other coatings, sealing materials, corrosion or other foreign material; or some combination of the above. In some applications, it may be preferred to provide aggressive abrasive characteristics, in which case the rotating bristle tool may comprise the larger sized abrasive particles, harder abrasive particles, an abrasive particle ratio with a larger binder, or some combination of the previous ones. In other applications, it may be preferred to provide a polished type finish to the surface being refined, or to clean a surface without removing surface material itself, in which case the rotating bristle tool may employ non-abrasive particles, abrasive particles smaller, softer abrasive particles, a smaller particle-to-binder ratio, or some combination of the above. It is possible to use abrasive particles of varying composition and hardness to obtain the desired abrasive characteristics.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying Figures, where similar structures are referred to by similar numbers throughout the different views, and where: Figure 1 is an elevation view of a first embodiment of a bristle tool, rotating according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a plan view of the rotating bristle tool plant of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a cross section of a rotating bristle tool taken along line 3-3 of Figure 2; Figure 4 is a cross section of a rotating bristle tool taken along line 4-4 of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a cross section of a rotating bristle tool, taken along line 5-5 of Figure 1; Figure 6 is a bottom plan view of the rotating bristle tool of Figure 1 showing deflection of the bristle during tool rotation; Figure 7 is an elevational view of the rotating bristle tool of Figure 1, showing the deflection of the bristles during tool rotation; Figure 8 is a cross section of an alternative bristle embodiment, taken at the root of the sow; Figure 9 is a cross-section of the alternative sow of Figure 8 taken approximately in the middle of the root and tip of the sow; Figure 10 is a cross section of an alternative alternative sow modality, taken at the root of the sow; Figure 11 is a cross section of the alternative sow of Figure 10 taken approximately midway between the root and tip of the sow; Figure 12 is a top plan view of an alternative embodiment of the rotating bristle tool 25 according to the present invention; Figure 13 is a cross section of the rotating bristle tool of Figure 12 taken along line 13-13. Figure 14 is a bottom plan view of the rotating bristle tool of Figure 12; Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of an alternative bristle configuration according to the present invention; Figure 16 is a schematic illustration of an apparatus and method for carrying out the present invention; and Figure 17 is a partial cross-sectional view of a mold and an injector according to the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Referring to Figures 1-7, a first preferred embodiment of a rotating bristle tool 10 is illustrated. Although this embodiment is useful for many applications, it is particularly well suited for refining the internal surface of corners of two ways and three ways. The rotating bristle tool 10 comprises a generally flat base 12 having a first side 14, a second side 16, and an outer periphery 18. A plurality of bristles 20 project outward from the first side 14 of the base 12 Between the bristles 20 there are spaces in which the first side 14 of the base 12 is exposed. In one embodiment, the rotating bristle tool 10 comprises a moldable polymer 13 substantially free of abrasive particles. In another embodiment, the rotating bristle tool 10 comprises abrasive particles 11 in the moldable polymer 13. The abrasive particles, when present, are preferably at least at the tips of the bristles, and more preferably through the bristles. sows The abrasive particles may also be present through the rotating bristle tool 10. Preferably, the base 12 is integrally molded with the bristles 20 to provide a rotating, unitary bristle tool. Thus, no adhesive or mechanical means are required to adhere the bristles 20 to the base 12. It is preferred that the base 12 and the bristles 20 are molded simultaneously. In a preferred embodiment, the base 12 is generally planar. However, it is within the scope of the invention to have a contoured or curved base. For example, the base 12 may be convex, concave or conical in shape. In such an arrangement, the bristles 20 may be of uniform length, in which case the tips 24 of the bristles will not be coplanar, or the bristles may be of variable length, case in which the tips can be coplanar. The base 12 may optionally contain a tip around its periphery 18 where a portion of the base extends radially beyond the bristles 20. The size of the lip is preferably minimized, so as not to interfere with the maneuvers of the bristle tool, rotating 10, against the union of the surfaces and have a relation to the surface of the work piece. The base 12 is preferably circular as illustrated in Figure 2. Base forms other than. Circular shapes are within the scope of the invention, including, but not limited to, oval, rectangular, square, triangular, diamond, and other polygonal shapes. As will be discussed in detail below, the rotation of the rotating bristle tool 10 will impart centrifugal forces on the bristles 20. This would then tend to bend the base 12 so that the first surface 14 would be convex. Therefore, the base 12 is preferably of a material and thickness suitable for providing a base 12, which substantially resists bending during the operation. It should be understood, however, that a small amount of bending is acceptable during the operation, and in some applications it may be preferred. Alternatively, J ... ....... it may be advantageous during some applications to allow the base 12 to significantly bend during use. The bristles 20 extend from the first side 12 of the base 12, with the root 22 adjacent to the base 12 and the tip 24 away from the base 12. The bristles 20 have a cross section that provides preferential bending characteristics depending on the direction of flexion. The configuration of the bristles controls the movement of the bristles during the use of the rotary tool 10. Preferably, the cross section of the bristles allows the bristles to bend more in one direction than in another direction. In a preferred embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, the cross section of the bristles is oriented so that the "or" is more flexible in the tangential direction "T" than in the radial direction "R." In the illustrated embodiment, the bristle 20 includes a first side 26 and second side 28 generally opposite each other The bristle 20 also includes an inner side 20 and an outer side 32 generally opposite each other The inner side 30 extends between the first and second side 26, 28 and their ends The outer side 32 extends between the first and second sides 26, 28 at its outer radial ends.The sides of the bristles are generally shown as flat, but some or all of them may be curved. preferable, there is a radius of curvature at the junction of each of the sides. As illustrated, the first and second sides 26, 28 and the inner and outer sides 30, 32 are discrete adjacent portions. It is also within the scope of the invention for the sides to have a more uniform transition from one to the next, without there being a discrete distinction between them. In the illustrated embodiment, the cross section of the bristle 20 is significantly greater in the radial direction than in the tangential direction. This provides a preferential flexibility to the sow. 20, so that it is more flexible in the tangential direction T than in the radial direction R. In order to achieve the desired deflection of the bristles in one direction in relation to the other, it is preferred that at the root, the ratio of the greater thickness of the root at the lower thickness of the root is preferably at least 1.5: 1, more preferably at least 2: 1, and most preferably at about 3: 1. As used herein, including the claims, the term "greater thickness" means the longer dimension of the cross section in the direction of the greater stiffness of the sow, and the term "Thinner thickness" means the longest dimension of the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the direction of greatest stiffness. In this illustrated embodiment, the greater thickness extends in a radial direction relative to the base 12 and the smaller thickness extends in the tangential direction. It is also within the scope of the invention to orient the greater thickness in the tangential direction, or in any orientation between radial and tangential, depending on the deflection desired during the operation of the rotating, bristle tool 12. In the illustrated embodiment , the bristle 20 is tapered, so that the cross-sectional area of the bristle 20 decreases from the root 22 to the tip 24. This is observes better by comparing the cross section of the root shown in Figure 4, the cross section of the middle part of the root between the root 22 and the tip 24 shown in Figure 5, and the shape of the cross section of the root tip of the bristle 24 shown in Figure 2. The tapered bristles 20 tend to be easier to remove from the mold during the manufacture of the bristle tool, rotating, than the bristles of constant cross-sectional area 20. In addition, the bristles 20 are subjected to bending stresses when the bristle tool, rotating, 10, is rotated against a piece of work. Those bending stresses are greater at the root 22 of the bristles 20. The tapered bristles are better able to resist such bending stresses. The tapered bristles are also more flexible near the tip 24 than near the root 22, which is desirable for many applications of the bristle tool, rotating, 10.

^^^ The taper of the bristles can be specified with respect to the outer diameter 42 and the inner diameter 44 defined by the array 40 of the bristles 20. As illustrated in Figure 1, the outer diameter 42 at the root 22 of the bristle is greater than at tip 24 of the bristles. This can also be observed by comparing Figure 4, which shows the cross section of the sow at the root; Figure 5, which shows the cross section of the root approximately half the root and tip; and Figure 2, in which the tips of the bristles can be observed. Such a tapered configuration is particularly well suited for using the rotating, bristle tool 10 of Figures 1-5 to refine the inner corner of two-way and three-way corners. The small outside diameter 42 at the tips allows a. the tool 10 reaches the corner, while the taper towards the larger diameter in the roots provides resistance to the bristles during a high speed operation, and high effort. In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the outer diameter 42 of the array 40 at the root to that of the tip is at least 1: 5: 1, more preferably at least 2: 1, more preferably about 5: 1. For embodiments of tools 10 useful for refining interior corners, it is preferable to maintain the internal diameter 44 of the bristle arrangement 40 as small as possible. fÍ1? ÍMÉÉ ^ ^ - "• - - -" ^ possible. This can be limited by the geometry of the tool and the mold to make the tool 10. It is also preferable that the inside diameter of the array 44 be constant from the root to the tip of the bristles 20, although this is not essential. An inside diameter of the tip of the array of up to 1.0 cm is preferred, although the inside diameters of larger array tips are within the scope of the invention. It is also possible to use bristles that have a constant cross section from root to tip, which do not have tapers. For the embodiment of Figure 1 which is very suitable for refining interior corners, the diameter of the base 12 is preferably from about 1.0 to 8.0 cm, although smaller and larger bases were also contemplated. The base 12 may preferably have a thickness of about 1.0 to 8.0 mm, depending on the intended application, although also, thinner and thicker bases may be used. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the base 12 of the tool 10 has a diameter of approximately 2.5 cm and a thickness of approximately 2.0 mm, with twelve bristles extending on the side of the base. The bristles each have a length of about 4.2 cm from root to tip, are approximately 5.0 mm in length in the radial direction, 1.75 mm in thickness in the tangential direction, and a circular cross-section of 1. 25 mm in diameter. The outer diameter of the root of the arrangement is approximately 2.5 cm, and the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement is approximately 0.9 cm. Those dimensions are only exemplary of a preferred embodiment, and therefore do not limit the claimed invention. Figures 6 and 7 illustrate the deflection of the bristles 20 of the rotating bristle tool of Figures 1-5. It is noted that the tips 24 are bent so that the outside diameter of the array 42 at the tip is greater during the operation than at rest. It is also observed that the bristles 20 deflect by bending mainly in the tangential direction. Consequently, for each respective sow, the tangential component, Dt of the deflection of the tip is greater than the radial component, DR, of the deflection. This is because the bristles are oriented with the greater thickness of the root in a radial direction and the smaller thickness of the root in the tangential direction. Such deflection results in the tip 24 of the bristles being located at a radius significantly greater than would be expected for the magnitude of the radial component of the deflection, DR itself without the tangential component Dt. Such orientation reduces the radial component of the bending of the sow in comparison with a cylindrical sow of similar cross-sectional area. This helps reduce the amount of permanent radial deflection in sows that can rffnií-iT ^ fft fti fi ^ mf ^ 'result of the high-speed operation. In a preferred embodiment, the greater thickness of the root is oriented at an angle of -20 ° to + 20 ° relative to a line extending from the center of rotation of the base 12 towards the root of the sow. More preferably, the greater thickness of the root is oriented along the radial line. In order to achieve the desired flexibility, the ratio of the length of the bristle to the smaller thickness of the root is preferably at least 2: 1, more preferably at least 4: 1, and even more preferably at least 10: 1, depending on the configuration and material of the bristle and the intended application. In a preferred embodiment, rotating the rotating bristle tool 10 at a speed Rotationally high enough causes the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement under rotation to be at least twice the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement at rest, will cause the bristle to be deflected so that the tangential component of the deflection be greater than radial component of the deflection. It is even more preferred that such rotation speed, the ratio of the tangential component of the deflection at the tip of the radial component is at least 3: 1. Preferably, such deflection (caused only by the rotation, not by contact with the surface of a work piece) is mainly, if not is that completely, elastic. However, after using the tool to actually refine a surface, it has been observed that the bristles can take a certain amount of plastic deformation, mainly in the tangential direction. For modalities of the tool 10, useful for refining inner corners, it is desirable to keep the outer diameter of the tip small enough to reach the corners, while making the bristles deflect enough under rotation, so that the tips impart a high pressure against the surface that is being refined. In a preferred embodiment, rotation of the rotating bristle tool 10 to 2000 RPM causes the bristles to deflect so that the ratio of the outer diameter of the tip during rotation to the outer diameter of the tip at rest is at least 1.5: 1. In a more preferred embodiment, in which the ratio of the outer diameter of the root arrangement to the outer diameter of the arrangement at the tip is at least 2: 1, although the tool is at rest, the rotation of the tool 10 at about 1000 RPM causes the bristle to bend so that the ratio of the outer diameter of the tip of the array to the outside diameter of the root of the array is at least 1: 1. For such mode, it is also preferred that the rotation of the tool 10 to 3000 RPM make the bristles bend or bend so that the ratio of the outside diameter of the tip of the array to the outside diameter of the root of the array is at least 1.5: 1. Preferably, the bends just described are mainly, if not completely, elastic. The bristle 20 preferably includes a radius of curvature at the transition between the root 22 of the bristle 20 and the first surface 14 of the base. The curvature 24 can have a radius of about 0.25 to 2.5 mm (0.010 to 0.100 inches), more preferably about 0.5 to 1.3 mm (0.020 to 0.050 inches). Figures 8-9 illustrate an alternative embodiment of the cross section of the sow useful with the present invention. Figure 8 illustrates a cross section of the root, while Figure 9 illustrates the middle part of the cross section between the root and the tip. The first side 26 of the bristle 20 is generally linear, while the second side 28 opposite the first side is convex. The inner side 30 is curved, and transits uniformly through the innermost portions of the first and second sides 26, 28. The outer side 32 is also curved, and transits uniformly through the outermost portions of the first and second sides 26, 28. Such cross section provides a bristle that is less flexible in the radial direction than the bristle illustrated in Figures 2 , 4 and 5. The cross section of the root of the sow of Figure 8 has a greater thickness of the root oriented in a generally radial direction, with the smaller thickness of the root generally in the tangential direction. Due to the increase of the smaller thickness of the root in relation to the modality of Figure 4, the cross section of the root of Figure 8 has a lower ratio of greater thickness of the root to the smaller thickness of the root than the cross section of the root. the root of Figure 4. This will reduce the tangential deflection component in relation to the cross section of the Figure. 4, assuming that all other relevant factors are the same. The bristles of the present invention can taper towards a circular cross-section at the tip 24, as illustrated in Figure 2. For such an embodiment, the cross-section of the tip has a greater thickness and a smaller thickness, both equal to the diameter of the tip. the tip, without a preferential orientation. It is also possible that the tip of the bristles tapers towards a cross section of the tip having a greater thickness of the discrete tip and a smaller thickness of the tip having a preferential orientation. Depending on the geometry of the bristle and the flexibility and deflection desired, the greater thickness of the tip may or may not be parallel to the greater thickness of the root. Yet another embodiment is illustrated in Figures 10-11. Figure 10 is a cross-section in the root of the sow, while Figure 11 is a cross-section approximately half between the root and tip of the sow. The greater thickness of the root of this mode extends in a generally radial direction, while the smaller root thickness extends in a generally tangential direction. The minor thickness of the root of this embodiment is somewhat smaller than the minor root thickness of the embodiment of Figure 8. Another preferred embodiment of the rotating bristle tool 10 is illustrated in. Figures 12-14. As shown in Figure 14, the bristles 20 are configured in a plurality of helical or curved arches of bristles and extend from the first side 14 of the base 12. The curves of the bristle each extend close to the inner edge 17 up near the outer edge 18 of the base 12. Each bristle 20 in the curve of the bristle is likewise separated from the adjacent bristles 20 in the curve of the bristle. In a preferred arrangement, fifteen bristles 20 may be included in each bristle curve, and thirty-six bristle curves may be separated uniformly around the second surface 14 of the base 12. The bristles in each bristle curve are radially spaced to provide a generally continuous and uniform sweep along the curve of bristles. In a preferred embodiment, the bristles 20 have a circular cross-section at the tip of approximately 0.05 inches (0.1 cm) in diameter. As best seen in Figures 12 and 13, this embodiment of the rotating bristle tool includes reinforcing members 52 coupled to the second side 16 of the support 12. The reinforcing member extends outwardly to approximately the outer end 18 of the base 12. The reinforcing member includes a plurality of openings 55 that extend through the member. These openings have tapered walls so that the openings 55 are wider in a second side 54 of the reinforcing member 54 away from the base 12. And they are narrower on the first side 53 of the reinforcing member attached to the base. In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcing member is injection molded and allowed to harden. The reinforcing member is then placed in the mold to make the base 12, and the moldable polymer 13 is injected into the mold, filling the openings 55. After curing of the mouldable polymer 13 of the base 12, there is a secure mechanical hand between the ducts 15 of the base 12 which extend towards the tapered openings. of the reinforcement member 52. In a preferred embodiment, the rotating bristle tool 10 of Figures 12-14 includes bristles 20 having a laminate cross-section as shown in Figures 15. The bristle 20 includes an inner side 30 which is in the form of a portion of a circular arc. The opposite inner side 30 is the outer side 32 which is also in the form of a circular arc. Preferably, the ratio of the radius of curvature of the inner side 30 to the radius of curvature of the inner side 32 is at least 2: 1, and more preferably at least 4: 1. The first side 26 and the second side 28 extend between the outer and inner sites 30, 32. Preferably, there is a uniform transition of the inner side of the first and second side and of the outer side to the first and second sides. As illustrated, the greater thickness of the bristles in this embodiment extends in a radial direction, with the smaller thickness extending in a tangential direction relative to the base 12. This configuration provides additional resistance to the radial deflection component. In this way a bristle is less tight to the plastic deformation in the radial deflection caused by the high speed rotation of the rotating bristle tool 10. However, as with the bristle modalities described above, the greater thickness can be oriented at any desired angle relative to the base 12, depending on the desired deflection and application pretension of the rotating bristle tool 10. The rotating bristle tool of Figures 12-14 preferably has a base diameter of 1.0 to 20 cm, although smaller and larger bases are also within the scope of the invention. In the illustrated embodiment, the preferred diameter is approximately 11 cm. The thickness of the base is preferably 1.0 mm to 1.0 cm. For a preferred embodiment of the sow of Figure 15, the inner side 30 at the root 22 is defined by a circle of 2.0 mm, with the greater thickness of the root being approximately 3.3 mm, and the smaller thickness of the root being of approximately 2.0 mm. The bristle is approximately 19 mm in length from root to tip, and tapers to a circular cross section of approximately 1.3 mm in diameter. It should be understood that the sows described herein can be used with any basis described herein, and that any rotating, bristle tools given can include more than one type of bristle therein. In addition, the bristles 20 may have any cross-sectional area, which provides preferential stiffness in different directions, including but not limited to star, half moon, quarter moon, oval, rectangular, square, triangular, diamond or polygonal. .

Union Member The rotating bristle tool 10 preferably comprises a union member for r ^ z. providing means for securing the rotating bristle tool 10 to a rotary tool and / or a support pad or backing pad during use. It is preferred that the connecting member 50 be integrally molded with the base and the bristles. Preferred binding members are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,562,968; 3,667,170; and 3,270,467. The most preferred is the threaded stud molded integrally adapted for a screw-type coupling with a rotating bristle tool as taught in U.S. Patent No. 3,562,968, and as illustrated with respect to the embodiment in Figure 1. -7. This type of joining member is preferred for the rotating, rotating, circular or hard-disk bristle tool. It is preferred that the connecting member 50 be centered in relation to the base 12 for proper rotation, and is adapted to connect the rotating bristle tool 10 to a high speed rotating tool, such as a right angle grinder. , for example. Such an arrangement allows the rotating bristle tool 10 to rotate at high speeds about an axis of rotation centered by the connecting member, and generally perpendicular to the base 12 (for flat bases). In such an embodiment, each of the bristles 20 is translated to a circular path around the axis of rotation, while it is oriented generally parallel to the axis of rotation. Preferably, the rotating bristle tool 10 and the fastening means 50 are configured to be capable of rotating at least 100 RPM, depending on the size and configuration, preferably at least 5000 RPM, and some power tools. bristles, rotating, smaller, are able to rotate up to 30,000 RPM The joint member 50 can be made of the same material as the rest of the bristle tool, rotating , and may contain optional abrasive particles 11. Alternatively, the joining member 50 may be made from the separate injection of a moldable polymer 13 without abrasive particles 11. Alternatively, the joining members 50 may comprise one or more holes or openings straight or scraped through the base of the bristle tool, rotating, so that the rotating bristle tool can be mechanically secured (such as with a bolt and a nut) to the supporting armature. Such an orifice may optionally be equipped with an insert of a material different from that of the base. Figures 12-14 illustrate a preferred embodiment in which the attachment means is a threaded hole 51 adapted to be mounted on a threaded shaft. It is also within the scope of this invention to use a hook-and-ring type union as ita »i-ij = -iÉ ^^ B ^ W ^ B ^ BwÍt-fe .., - teaches in U.S. Patent No. 5,077,870," Flange Band of the Fungus Type for a Mechanical Fastener ", ( Melbye et al.) Or of the type commercially available as SCOTCHMATEMR from Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul, Minnesota. It is also possible to use a hermaphroditic fastener such as the DUAL LOCKMR fastener available from Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, to secure the rotating bristle tool to the support frame. It is also possible to employ interlocking structured surfaces as taught in U.S. Patent No. 4,875,259, "Interlacing Articles" (Appeldom). Other useful binding arrangements include those described in the International Patent Application of WIPO No. US97 / 22893, Holmes et al. Any of the joining means described herein can be used with any of the bristle tool modalities described herein.

Reinforcing Media The portion of the base may further comprise reinforcing means. A preferred embodiment of a reinforcing means is the reinforcing member 52 discussed with respect to the rotary bristle tooling mode illustrated in Figures 12-14.

Alternatively or additionally, the reinforcing means may comprise, for example, fiber reinforcing means such as a cloth, non-woven sheet, mesh, fabric, and the like, or may comprise individual fibers composed of the moldable polymer and dispersed therein. through the bristle, rotating tool. The purpose of the reinforcement means is to increase resistance to friction and the tensile strength of the support. Examples of fibers suitable for use in the present invention include glass fibers, metal fibers, carbon fibers, wire mesh, mineral fibers, fibers formed of organic heat resistant materials, fibers made of ceramic materials. Other organic fibers include polyvinyl alcohol fibers, nylon fibers, polyester fibers, phenolic fibers. The glass fibers may preferably contain a coupling agent, such as a se coupling agent, to improve adhesion to the thermoplastic material. The length of the fiber will fluctuate from about 0.5 mm to about 50 mm, preferably from about 1 mm to about 25 mm, more preferably from about 1.5 mm to about 10 mm. The denier of the fiber will be between about 25 to 300, preferably between 50 to 200.

The reinforcing means may comprise a reinforcing layer or substrate to increase the strength of the base. It is not necessary to include abrasive particles in the reinforcing substrate, particularly if it does not come into contact with the workpiece. The reinforcing substrate may comprise a moldable polymer. In this case, the reinforcing substrate may be moldable at the same time as the rotating, bristle tool 10. Alternatively, the reinforcing substrate may be of a support-type material such as a polymeric film, impregnated polymer film, fabric, paper, vulcanized fiber, protected layer and versions treated with them. In this case, the reinforcement substrate can be inserted into the mold and the moldable polymer forming the rotating bristle tool can be attached to the reinforcement substrate. Alternatively, the reinforcement substrate can be adhesively bonded to a rotating bristle tool after the rotating bristle tool is molded. In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcing substrate is co-extended with the base 12, although it may be smaller or larger as desired.

Moldable Polymer The moldable polymer 13 is preferable an organic binder material that is capable of being molded, that is, capable of being deformed under heat to form a desired shape. The moldable polymer can be a thermoplastic polymer, a thermosetting polymer, or a thermoplastic elastomer. The elastomeric polymers are preferred. As used herein, including the claims, the term "elastomeric polymer" is used to describe those materials whose mechanical properties simulate natural rubber as long as they stretch under tension, have high tensile strength, react rapidly, and substantially recover their original dimensions. As . used herein, elastomeric polymers include thermoplastic elastomers and thermosetting elastomers. Thermoplastic elastomers are particularly preferred. In the case of a thermoplastic polymer, the organic binder is heated above its melting point which causes the polymer to flow. This results in the thermoplastic polymer flowing into the mold cavities to form the rotating bristle tool 10. The rotating bristle tool is then cooled to solidify the thermoplastic binder. In the case of a thermosetting polymer, during molding the organic binder is in a thermoplastic state, ie, after being heated above its melting point it will flow into the mold cavities to form the rotating bristle tool. Next, the rotating bristle tool is further heated, in some cases at a higher temperature, to cause this organic binder to crosslink and form a thermosetting polymer. Examples of suitable thermosetting polymers include styrene-butadiene rubber, polyurethane, urea-formaldehyde, epoxy and phenolics.

Thermoplastic Polymers The rotating bristle tool according to the present invention may comprise a thermoplastic polymer. Examples of suitable thermoplastic polymers include polycarbonate, polyetherimide, polyester, polyethylene, polysulfone, polystyrene, polybutylene ,. copolymer of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene blocks, polypropylene, acetal polymers, polyurethanes, polyamides, and combinations thereof. In general, preferred thermoplastic polymers of the invention are those having a high melting temperature and good heat resistance properties. The thermoplastic polymers can be preferably used for low speed applications of the rotating bristle tool 10, in which the stress during the operation is relatively low. Examples of commercially available thermoplastic polymers suitable for use with the present invention include Nylon 6, 12 Grilon ™ CR9 copolymer «J ^ jj ^^ íg- available from EMS-American Grilon, Inc., Sumter South Carolina; polypropylene-based thermoplastic ProfaxMR and KS075 available from Himont USA, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware; and Duraflex ™ polybutylene-based thermoplastic available from Shell Chemical Co., Houston, Texas.

Thermoplastic Elastomers For many applications, such as high stress and high speed applications, it is preferred that the moldable polymer be a thermoplastic elastomer or include a thermoplastic elastomer. Thermoplastic elastomers (or "TPE") are defined and reviewed in Thermoplastics Elastomers, A Comprehensive Review, edited by N.R. Legge, G. Holden and H.E. Schroeder, Hanser Publishers, New York, 1987 (referred to hereinafter as "Legge et al."). Thermoplastic elastomers (as used herein) are generally the product of the reaction of a polyfunctional monomer and its low equivalent and a polyfunctional monomer of high equivalent weight, where the polyfunctional monomer of low equivalent weight has a functionality of at most about 2. and a weight equivalent to more than about 300 and is capable of polymerizing to form a hard segment (and, in conjunction with other hard segments, hard, crystalline regions or domains) and the polyfunctional monomer of high equivalent weight has at least one functionality 2 and an equivalent weight of at least about 350 and is capable of polymerizing producing flexible, soft chains, which connect to hard regions or domains. The "thermoplastic elastomers" differ from the "thermoplastics" and "elastomers" (a generic term for substances that mimic natural rubber and stretch under tension, and have a high tensile strength, rapid retraction, and substantially recover their original dimensions) in which thermoplastic elastomers , after being heated above the melting temperature of the hard regions, they form a homogeneous melt, which can be processed by thermoplastic techniques (unlike elastomers), such as injection molding, extrusion, molding blown and the like. Subsequent cooling again leads to the segregation of the hard and soft regions resulting in a material having elastomeric properties, however, which is not the case with thermoplastics. Thermoplastic elastomers combine the processability (when melted) of the thermoplastic materials with the performance and functional properties of conventional thermosetting rubbers (when in their unmelted state), and when they are described in the art as ionomeric, segmented thermoplastic elastomers or segmented ionomerics *,? segmented versions comprise "hard segments" which are associated to form hard crystalline domains connected by flexible, long "soft" polymer chains. The hard domain has a melting or dissociation temperature higher than the melting temperature of the soft polymer chains. Commercially available thermoplastic elastomers include thermoplastic polyester elastomers, segmented polyurethane thermoplastic elastomers, segmented polyamide thermoplastic elastomers, mixtures of thermoplastic elastomers and thermoplastic polymers and ionomer thermoplastic elastomers. "Segmented thermoplastic elastomer", as used herein, refers to the subclass of thermoplastic elastomers that is based on polymers which are the product of the tion of a polyfunctional monomer of high equivalent weight and a polyfunctional monomer of low equivalent weight. The segmented thermoplastic elastomers are preferably the product of the condensation tion of a polyfunctional monomer of high equivalent weight having an average functionality of at least 2 and an equivalent weight of at least about 350, and a polyfunctional monomer of low equivalent weight having an average functionality of at least about 2 and an equivalent weight of less than about 300. The jum HUlÉÉttMIÉIÉM polyfunctional monomer of high equivalent weight is able to polymerize to form a soft segment, and the polyfunctional monomer of low equivalent weight is able to polymerize forming a hard segment. The segmented thermoplastic elastomers useful in the present invention include polyester TPE, polyurethane TPE and polyamide TPE and silicone elastomer TPE / polyimide block copolymer, with polyfunctional monomers of low and high equivalent weight appropriately selected to produce the TPE respective. Preferred segmented TPEs include "chain extenders", low molecular weight compounds (typically having an equivalent weight of less than 300) having from about 2 to 8 active hydrogen functionalities, and which are known in the art as TPE. Particularly preferred examples include ethylene diamine and 1, -butanediol. "Ionomeric thermoplastic elastomers" refers to a subclass of thermoplastic elastomers based on ionic polymers (ionomers). The ionomeric thermoplastic elastomers are composed of two or more flexible polymer chains linked to a plurality of positions by ionic groups or associations. Ionomers are typically prepared by the copolymerization of a monomer functionalized with an unsaturated olefinic monomer, or by the direct function of a preformed polymer. The carboxy functionalized ionomers * 'are obtained by the direct copolymerization of acrylic or methacrylic acid with ethylene, styrene and similar comonomers by free radical copolymerization. The resulting copolymer is generally available as the free acid, which can be neutralized to the desired degree with metal oxides, metal acetates, and similar salts. A review of the history of ionomers and patents related thereto is provided in Legge et al., Pp. 231-243. "Thermoplastic polymer", or "TP" as used herein, has a more limiting definition than the general definition, which is a "material which softens and flows after the application of pressure and heat". Of course it should be understood that the TPs satisfy the general definition of TPE, since the TPE will also flow after the application of pressure and heat. Thus, it is necessary to be more specific in the definition of a "thermoplastic" for the purposes of this invention. "Thermoplastic", as used herein, means a material which flows after the application of pressure and heat, but does not possess the elastic properties of an elastomer when it is below its melting temperature. : fc »fiß ^. rt? t. The mixtures of materials TPE and TP are also within the invention, allowing even greater flexibility in the design of the mechanical properties of the bristle, rotating tools of the invention. Preferred and commercially available segmented polyesters include those known under the trade designation "Hytrel ™" such as "Hytrel ™ 4056," "Hytrel ™ 5526," "Hytrel ™ 5556," "Hytrel ™ 6356," "Hytrel ™ 7426," and "Hytrel ™". 8238"available from El Du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc. Wilmington, Delaware, with the most preferred including Hytrel ™ 5526, Hytrel ™ 5556 and Hytrel ™ 6356. A similar family of thermoplastic polyesters is available under the trademark "Riteflex" (Hoechst Celanese Corporation). The polyester TPEs are even more useful with those known from the "Ecdel" trade designations, from Eastman Chemical Products, Inc., Kingsport, Tennessee; "Lomad", from General Electric Company, Pittsfield, Massachusetts; "Arnitel" by DSM Engineered Plastics and "Bexloy" by Du Pont. The most useful polyester TPEs include those available as "Lubricomp" from LNP Engineering Plastics, Exton, Pennsylvania, and are commercially available incorporating lubricant, and fiberglass reinforcement and carbon fiber reinforcement.

Commercially available segmented polyesters and preferred include those known under the trade designation "Pebax" and "Rilsan," both available from Atochem Inc., Glen Rock, New Jersey. Commercially available and preferred segmented polyurethanes include those known under the trade designation "Tin", available from B.F. Goodrich, Cleveland, Ohio. Other preferred segmented polyurethanes include those known under the trade designations of "Pellethane" and "Isoplast" from Dow Corning Company, Midland, Michigan, and those known under the trade designation "Morthane", from Morton Chemical Division, Morton Thiokol, Inc.; and those known under the trade designation "Elastollan", from BASF Corporation, Wyandotte, Michigan. Thermoplastic elastomers are further described in U.S. Patent No. 5,443,906, "Abrasive Filled Thermoplastic Elastomers Comprising Abrasive Filaments, Manufacturing Methods Thereof, Articles Incorporating Themselves, and Methods of Using Such Articles".

Abrasive particles In modalities which include the optional abrasive particles, the abrasive particles 11 typically They have a particle size ranging from about 0.1 to 1500 micrometers, usually between about 1 to 1000 micrometers, preferably between 50 and 500 micrometers, preferably from about 1 to 1000 micrometers, preferably between 50 and 500 micrometers. micrometers The optional abrasive particles can be organic or inorganic. Examples of abrasive particles include molten aluminum oxide, ceramic aluminum oxide, chemically treated aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, titanium diboride, alumina, zirconia, diamond, boron carbide, ceria, aluminum silicates, nitride cubic boron, garnet, and silica. Preferred molten aluminum oxides include those commercially available pretreated by Exolon ESK Company, Tonawanda, New York, or Washington Millls Electro Minerals Corp., North Grafton, Massachusetts. Still other examples of abrasive particles include solid glass spheres, hollow glass spheres, calcium carbonate, polymer bubbles, silicates, aluminum trihydrate and mulite. Preferred aluminum oxide and ceramic oxide abrasive particles include those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,314,827; 4,623,364; 4,744,802; 4,770,671; 4,881,951; 4,964,883; 5011.708; and 5,164,348. Preferred alpha alumina-based ceramic abrasive particles comprise alpha alumina and rare earth oxide and include those commercially available under the designation Cubitron ™ from Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul, Minnesota. Also suitable for use with the present invention are formed abrasive grains such as those taught in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,009,676; 5,185,012; 5,244,447; and 5,372,620. The optional abrasive particles can be any particulate material (inorganic or organic) which when combined with the binder results in a rotating, bristle tool 10, which can refine the surface of a workpiece. The selection of the abrasive material will depend on. part of the intended application. For example, to remove paints from a vehicle, it is sometimes preferred to omit the abrasive particles from the rotating bristle tool 10. Sometimes it is preferred to use a relatively smooth abrasive particle when peeling off paints so as not to damage the surface below the surface. painting. Alternatively, to remove burrs from metal workpieces, it is preferred to use a harder abrasive particle such as alumina. The rotating bristle tool of the present invention may include two or more types and / or sizes of abrasive particles in those embodiments incorporating optional abrasive particles. As used herein, the term "abrasive particles" also encompasses unique abrasive particles which are bonded to form an abrasive agglomerate. Abrasive agglomerates are further described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,311,489; 4,652,275; and 4,799,939. The abrasive particles of this invention may also contain a surface coating. It is known that the surface coatings improve the adhesion of the abrasive particles and the binder in the abrasive article. Such surface coatings are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,011,508; 1,910,444; 3,041,156; 5,009,675; 4,997,461; 5,213,461; and 5,042,991. In 0 some cases, the addition of coating improves the abrasion characteristics and / or processing of the abrasive particle. Organic abrasive particles suitable for use with the rotating bristle tool of the present invention are preferably formed from a thermoplastic polymer and / or a thermosetting polymer. The organic particles can also be made from natural organic materials such as walnut shells, wheat starches and the like. The abrasive organic particles useful in the present invention can be individual or agglomerated particles of individual particles. The agglomerates may comprise a plurality of organic abrasive particles bonded by means of a binder to form a formed dough. * &, - * "» • "r **. * "* ^ -," * * J * • 'When organic abrasive particles are used in the rotating bristle tool of the present invention, the particles are preferably present in the moldable polymer at one percent by weight (per total weight 5 of moldable polymer and organic abrasive particles) ranging from about 0.1 to about 80 weight percent, more preferably from about 3 to about 60 weight percent. The percentage by weight depends in part on the particular abrasion or the applications of the bristle tool, rotating. The size of the organic abrasive particles incorporated in the moldable polymer depends on the intended use of the rotating bristle tool. For applications that require rough cutting or finishing, prefer larger organic abrasive particles, although particles that have a smaller size are preferred for finishing applications. Preferably, the average diameter of the particles is not greater than about 1/2 the diameter of the bristles, More preferably no greater than about 1/3 the diameter of the bristle. The organic abrasive particles preferably have an average particle size of from about 0.01 to about 500 microns, typically between About 0.1 to about 250 microns, of , Preferably from about 1 to about 150 microns, more preferably from about 5 to about 100 microns, and most preferably from about 5 to about 75 microns. The average particle size is typically measured by the longest dimension. The organic abrasive particles may have any precise shape or they may be irregular or random in shape. Examples of such three-dimensional shapes include: pyramids, cylinders, cones, spheres, blocks, cubes, polygons and the like. Alternatively, the organic abrasive particles can be relatively flat and have a cross-sectional shape such as that of a diamond, cross, circle, triangle, rectangle, square, oval, octagon, pentagon, hexagon, polygon and the like. The surface of the organic abrasive particles (a portion of their surface, or the entire surface) can be treated as coupling agents to increase adhesion to and / or dispersibility in a molten moldable polymer. The organic abrasive particles do not need to be uniformly dispersed in the hardened composition, although a uniform dispersion can provide more consistent abrasion characteristics.

The organic abrasive particles can be formed from a thermoplastic material such as polycarbonate, polyetherimide, polyester, polyvinyl chloride, methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, polyethylene, polysulfone, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, polypropylene, polymers of ecetal, polyurethanes, polyamide, and combinations thereof. In general, preferred thermoplastic polymers of the invention are those having a high melting temperature, ie, greater than 200 ° C, more preferably 300 ° C; or good heat resistance properties. The organic abrasive particles should have a melting or softening point higher than that of the moldable polymer, so that the organic particles are not substantially affected by the manufacturing process. The organic particle should be able to maintain a generally particulate state during the processing of the rotating bristle tool, and therefore should be selected so as not to melt or soften substantially during the manufacturing process. In one embodiment, the organic particles are selected to provide greater abrasive properties than the moldable polymer, and both a liner and a core, if present. In this way, the organic abrasive particles will perform in desired surface refinement, such as removing foreign material from a . ^ ^!? ^^ ^^ UjiU GLF ^ ^ u ^ SH ^ í tit ^^ * "mk" &. * £ workpiece or providing a fine surface finish, while the moldable polymer wears during operation To present ? continuously new organic abrasive particles are on the surface of the workpiece. There are several ways to form a thermoplastic abrasive particle. One such method is to extrude the thermoplastic polymer and elongated segments and then cut those segments to the desired length. Alternatively, the thermoplastic polymer can be molded into the desired shape and particle size. This molding process can be compression molding and injection molding. The organic abrasive particles can be formed from the thermosetting polymer. Thermosetting polymers can be formed from: organic resins, aminoplast resins, urethane resins, epoxy resins, acrylate resins, acrylated isocyanurate resins, urethane formaldehyde resins, isocyanurate resins, acrylated urethane resins, melamine formaldehyde resins, resins of acrylated epoxy and mixtures thereof. Phenolic-based abrasive particles are one of the preferred abrasive particles. There are two types of phenolic resins, resole and novolac. Resole phenolic resins have a molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenol, greater than or equal to one to one, typically between 1.5: 1. or to 3.0: 1.0. The novolac rebars have a molar ratio of formaldehyde to phenol, from less than one to one. Examples of commercially available phenolic resins include those known by the trademarks "Durez" and "Varcum" from Occidental Chemicals Co., Burlington, NJ; "Resinox" of Monsanto; "Aerofene" and "Arotap" of Ashland Chemical Co. , Columbus OH. These phenolic resins are cured to thermosetting polymer. The resulting thermosetting polymers are then ground to the desired particle size and particle size distribution. In an alternative method, the thermosetting organic abrasive particles can be made in accordance with the teachings of U.S. Patent No. 5,500,273, "Precisely Formed Particles and Method for Manufacturing the Same" (Holmes et al.). The organic abrasive particle can be a mixture of a thermoplastic polymer and a thermosetting polymer. An organic abrasive particle is a metal and a means for blowing plastic for commercially available molds as "MC" blowing medium from Maxi Blast Inc., South Bend, Indiana, available with an unsightly, but preferably untreated, coating. The "MC" medium is 99% melamine formaldehyde celusolate, an amino thermosetting plastic.

The average knob hardness of the organic abrasive particle is generally less than about 80 KNH, and preferably less than about 65 KNH. It is also within the scope of this invention to incorporate abrasive particles based on inorganic compounds together with the organic abrasive particles. Inorganic abrasive particles typically have a particle size ranging from about 0.01 to 500 microns, usually between about 1 to 150 microns. In certain cases, it is usually preferred that the inorganic abrasive particles be the same size or smaller than the organic abrasive particles. It is preferred that the abrasive particles have a Mohs hardness of at least about 7, preferably about 9. For example, the tool bristles, rotating, may comprise between 10 to 90% by weight of moldable polymer, between 10 to 90% by weight of the organic abrasive particles and between 0 to 49% by weight of inorganic abrasive particles. When the optional abrasive particles 11 are present, they are, preferably, of about 5 to 60 weight percent of the mixture of particles and moldable polymer, and more preferably about fashion 30 to 40 percent, although they can be used more or less as desired.

* - «* Additives The moldable polymer 13 may also include optional additives, such as, for example, fillers (including polishing or grinding aids), fibers, antistatic agents, antioxidants, process aids, UV stabilizers, flame retardants, lubricants, wetting agents, surfactants, pigments, dyes, coupling agents, plasticizers and suspending agents. The amounts of those materials are selected to provide the desired properties.

Lubricants For some refining applications, it is preferred that the moldable polymer 13 includes a lubricant. The presence of a lubricant in the moldable polymer 13 reduces the friction of the bristles in contact with the surface of the workpiece. This reduces the heat generated when the workpiece is refined. Excessive heating can cause the rotating bristle tool to leave residue on the workpiece or otherwise endanger the workpiece. Suitable lubricants include lithium stearate, zinc stearate, calcium stearate, aluminum stearate, ethylene bis steramide, graphite, molybdenum disulfite, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and silicon compounds, for example, useful with thermoplastics and thermoplastic elastomers. An example of a preferred silicon material, which is described in the International Patent Application Publication of WIPO No. W096 / 33841, entitled "Abrasive Article Having a Union System Comprising Polysiloxane" (Barber), is a high molecular weight polysiloxane of formula (A): (A) where R, R ', R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 can be the same or different and can be an alkyl, vinyl, chloroalkyl, aminoalkyl, epoxy, fluoroalkyl, chloro, fluoro, hydroxy, and n is 500 or greater, preferably 1,000 or greater, more preferably 1,000 to 20,000, and more preferably 1,000 to 15,000. Another preferred polysiloxane is a polydimethylsiloxane of formula (B): (B) where they are the same or different and may be a chloroalkyl, aminoalkyl, epoxy, fluoroalkyl, chloro, fluoro or hydroxy, and n is 500 or greater, preferably 1,000 or greater, more preferably from 1,000 to 20,000, more preferably from 1,000 to 15,000. Polysiloxanes are available in many different forms, for example, as the compound itself or as a concentrate. Examples of the polymers in the Which polysiloxane can be. compound include polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyamides, polyacetal, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), and polyester elastomer, all of which are commercially available. The HytreMR modified with silicone is commercially available as BY27-010 (or MB50- 010), and silicone modified Nylon 6,6 is available as MY27-005 (or MB50-005), both from Dow Corning Company, Midland, Michigan. Typically, commercially available concentrates may contain a polysiloxane a one percent by weight that ranges from 40 to 50; however, any percent by weight is acceptable for the purposes of the invention as long as the desired weight percent in the final product can be achieved. Preferred lubricants may be present in the moldable polymer 13 in quantities of up to about 20 percent in .. ^^, ^^^ ¿^: ^^^^ & ^^ ^^ B ifa weight (exclusive of abrasive particle content), and preferably in an amount of about 1 to 10 percent, but may used more or less as desired.

Coupling Agents The moldable polymer 13 can include a coupling agent to improve the bond between the binder and the optional abrasive particles as is known in the art. Examples of such coupling agents suitable for this invention include organosilanes, circoaluminates and titanates. The abrasive particles 11 can be pretreated with a coupling agent before being with the moldable polymer. Alternatively, the coupling agent can be added directly to the moldable polymer 13.

Fillers The moldable polymer 13 can be a filler as is known in the art. Examples of fillers useful for this invention include: metal carbonate (such as calcium carbonate (limestone, calcite, marble, travertine, marble and lime), calcium and magnesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, magnesium carbonate), silica (such as quartz, glass beads, glass bubbles and glass fibers), silicates (such as talc, clays, (montmorillonite), feldspar, mica, calcium silicate, calcium metasilicate, sodium aluminosilicate, sodium silicate ), metal sulfates (such as calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, sodium sulfate, aluminum-sodium sulfate, aluminum sulfate), gypsum, verniculite, sawdust, aluminum trihydrate, carbon black, metal oxides ( such as calcium oxide (lime), aluminum oxide, titanium oxide) and metal sulfites (such as calcium sulfite). The fillers can be used with or without abrasive particles.

Rectification or Polishing Aids Moldable polymer can include aids for grinding or polishing. An aid for grinding or polishing is defined here as a particulate material the addition of which has a significant effect on the chemical and physical process of abrasion which results in better performance. In particular, it is believed in the art that the grinding or polishing aid 1) decreases the friction between the abrasive particles and the work piece that is being abraded, 2) prevents the abrasive particle from being "covered", i.e. prevents the metal particles from being welded to the upper parts of the abrasive particles or reformed on the piece of -.- < ..% MÍ ^^^ - AU work, 3) decreases Xa interfacial temperature between the abrasive particles and the work piece, or 4) decreases the abrasion forces. Examples of chemical groups of the aids for grinding or polishing include waxes, organic halide compounds, halide salts and metals and their alloys. Organic halide compounds will typically break during abrasion and release halogen acid or a gaseous halide compound. Examples of such materials include chlorinated waxes such as tetrachloronaphthalene, pentachloronaphthalene; and polyvinyl chloride. Examples of halide salts include sodium fluoride, potassium cryolite, sodium cryolite, ammonium cryolite, potassium tetrafluoroborate, sodium tetrafluoroborate, silicon chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride. Examples of matal include tin, lead, bismuth, cobalt, antimony, cadmium, iron, and titanium. Other miscellaneous grinding or polishing aids include sulfur, organic sulfur compounds, graphite and metal sulphides.

Injection molding The rotating bristle tool of the present invention is preferably injection molded. The mold will contain cavities which are the inverse of the configuration of the bristle tool, rotating, desired. Thus, the design of the mold must take into account the configuration of the rotating bristle tool, including the size and configuration of the base 12, the bristles 20, and an optional member 50. Preferred methods for manufacturing the mold include the machining by discharge of electrons by means of a wire ("EDM") and EDM per connection. The techniques by injection molding are known in the art. The injection molding apparatus 60 for manufacturing the rotating bristle tool 10 according to the method of the present invention is illustrated in Figure 16. After being preferably heat dried, a mixture of granules comprising moldable polymer is placed. 13 and, if desired, optional abrasive particles 11, in a hopper 62. The hopper feeds the moldable polymer or moldable / abrasive polymer mixture into a first or rear side 70 of the screw injector 64 generally comprises a screw 66 with a barrel or drum 68. The opposite side of the front side 72 of the screw injector 64 comprises a nozzle 74 for passing the softened material to a mold 76a, 76b. The barrel 68 of the injector 64 is heated to melt the material, and the rotating screw 66 drives the material in the direction of the nozzle 74. The screw 66 then moves linearly forward in the direction B to impart the "loading" of the material softened in mold 76a, 76b at the desired pressure. Generally a space is maintained between the front end of the screw and the nozzle to provide a 5"cushioning" area of the softened material that is not injected into the mold. The aforementioned granules can be prepared preferably as follows. The moldable polymer 13 can be heated above its melting point and the abrasive particles 11, if desired, can then be mixed. The resulting mixture is then formed into continuous strands and the strands are cooled to solidify the moldable polymer to granulate it in a suitable equipment as is known in the art. Similarly, they can be included lubricants and / or other additives to the moldable polymer 13 in the formation of the granules. The granules comprising the moldable polymer 13, abrasive particles 11 if desired, and any desired lubricant or other additive are then placed in the hopper 62 to be fed to the extruder of screw 64 as described above. Alternatively, it is possible to mix the optional abrasive particles 11, if desired, with the granule shapes of the moldable polymer 13 and load them into the hopper. Such an alternative method helps to minimize wear and tear that could be caused to the equipment used to form the granules of llí ^^ polymeric material if 1É & They incorporate abrasive particles to the granules. This alternative method can result in a stronger, rotating bristle tool 10 if the moldable polymer 13 is subjected to fewer heat cycles. Likewise, the lubricants and / or other additives of the moldable polymer 13 can be mixed before being loaded into the hopper. The conditions under which the rotating bristle tool is injection molded are determined by the injection molder employed, the rotating bristle tool configuration, 10, and the composition of the moldable polymer 13 and the optional abrasive particles 11. In a preferred method, the moldable polymer 13 is first heated to between 80 to 120 ° C, preferably 90 to 110 ° C to dry it, and is placed in the hopper 62 to be fed by gravity to the feed zone of the screw. The barrel temperature of the screw injector is preferably from about 200 to 250 ° C, more preferably from about 220 to 245 ° C. The temperature of the mold is preferably about 50 to 150 ° C, more preferably about 100 to 140 ° C. The cycle time (the time of the introduction of the mixture in the screw extruder to the mold opening to remove the rotating, molded bristle tool) will preferably fluctuate between 0.5 to W & § ^ to £ 180 seconds, 60 seconds. The injection pressure will preferably range from about 690 to 6,900 kPa (100 to 1000 psi), more preferably from about 2070 to 4830 kPa (300 to 700 psi). The injection molding cycle will depend on the composition of the material and the configuration of the rotating bristle tool. In one embodiment, the moldable polymer and the abrasive particles are generally homogeneous through the rotating bristle tool 10. Such a mode, there will be a single insert or filler load of moldable polymer 13 and abrasive particle 11 for molding the bristle tool , rotating, 10, including base 12, bristles 20, and joining member 50 if present. Alternatively, the bristles 20 may contain abrasive particles 11, but the base 12 does not. In such modality, there will be two inserts or loads of the material. The first insert will obtain a mixture of moldable polymer 13 and abrasive particles 11 to first fill the portion of the bristles of the mold. The second insert will contain moldable polymers (which may be the same or different as the moldable polymer of the first insert), without abrasive particles to first fill the base portions of the mold binding member. Similarly, the base 12 and the bristles 20 may contain abrasive particles, but the member no. In this construction there will be two nserc tions or material loads. The first insert will contain a mixture of moldable polymer 13 and abrasive particles 11 to fill the bristle and base portions of the mold. The second insert will contain only a moldable polymer (which may be the same or different from the moldable polymer of the first insert) to fill primarily the portion of the mold binding member. It is also possible to use more than one load to vary the color of the different portions of the bristle tool, rotating, if desired. It is also possible to use three or more loads, for example one for each of the bristles, base, and joining member. After injection molding, the mold is rapidly cooled to solidify the moldable polymer. The mold halves 76a and 76b are then separated to allow the removal of the rotating, molded bristle tool 10. Preferably, an ejector assembly 80 is provided on the opposite side of the injection door mold 76a, 76b. to eject or eject the rotating, solidified bristle tool 10 from the mold. As seen in Figure 17, ejector pins 82 are preferably located in each mold cavity 78 corresponding to a bristle 20. After the rotating bristle tool 10 is sufficiently cooled and the portion of The mold 76a has been removed, the tips 84 of the ejector pins 82 are forced to move against the tip 24 of the bristle in the direction C towards the base 12, so as to eject the give 20 of their respective cavities. In a preferred embodiment, the location of the tips 84 of the ejector pins 82 within the cavity is variable, thereby varying the depth of the mold cavity 78, allowing longer or shorter bristles 20 to be molded. This can be done by varying the position 10 of the ejector 80 relative to the portion of the mold 76b, or by varying the length of the ejector pins 82 on the ejector 80.

Refining Method in a Surface 15 As discussed above, the rotating bristle tool 10 according to the present invention is used to refine a surface: removing a portion of the surface of a workpiece; imparting a surface finish for a piece of work; cleaning the surface of a workpiece, including the removal of paint or other coatings, sealing gasket materials, corrosion or other foreign material; or some combination of the above. The rotating bristle tool 10 is held by the connecting or connecting member to a rotating tool of adequate power, and this s. It can be used with straight angle power tools as is known in the art. A suitable power tool for using the rotating bristle tool according to the present invention is a right angle rectifier of the Ingersoll-Rand cyclone series model TA 180 RG4, calibrated at 18,000 rpm and 0.70 hp. The rotating bristle tool 10 can be assembled by itself on the rotating power, or it can employ a support pad behind the rotating bristle tool 10 as is known in the art. An arrangement of the suitable support pad is that described in U.S. Patent No. 3,562,968 (Johnson et al.). The workpiece can be any type of material such as meta, metal alloys, exotic metal alloys, ceramics, glass, wood, material and similar to wood, compositions, painted surfaces, plastics, reinforced plastic, stones and combinations of them. The work piece can be flat or it can have a shape or contour. Examples of workpieces include 0 lenses for glass or plastic glasses, other types of plastic glass lenses, television tubes, automotive metal or other components, particle boards, cam shafts, crankshafts, furniture, poplars of turbine, painted items including airplanes and 5 automobiles and the like.

". * - H? SL && amp; & amp; & & Depending on the application, the force applied with the turner, rotating tool may fluctuate from approximately 0.1 kg to 100 kg., Typically, the force is approximately 0.5 to 50 kg. Depending on the application, there may be a liquid present during the use of the rotating bristle tool, which may be water and / or an organic compound, including lubricants, oils, emulsified organic compounds, cutting fluids, soaps or the like. Those liquids may include additives such as defoamers, degreasers, corrosion inhibitors, or the like. The rotating bristle tool can be moved relative to the workpiece in any desired movement, such as a rotary or oscillatory movement. Some applications, the oscillation can provide a thinner surface finish than the rotary movement. The embodiment of Figures 1-11 is particularly well suited for refining the interior surface of two-way and three-way corners. For example, it may be desirable use the rotating bristle tool 10 to refine a weld rib joining two or three plates in an inner corner. Any power tool capable of driving the rotating bristle tool 10 at sufficient speeds and powers for this purpose can be used. application. A non-limiting example is the Dynabrade Model 50999 Straight Die Grinder with a 1/4 inch (0.6 cm) ponytail, rpm. Additional details about the materials, methods of manufacture, methods of use, and configurations of the bristle, swivel, molded tools are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,679,067 to Johnson et al, and in the Patent Application Publication. WIPO International No. WO 96/33638. All the compositions are reported totally as weight or percent weight ratios, as the case may be, unless otherwise indicated. The composition in percent for the components of the moldable polymer was reported on a 100% basis for the combination of the components of the exclusive moldable polymer of the abrasive particles. He The abrasive content was reported as the composition in percent of the abrasive particles based on 100% for the combination of the components of the moldable polymer with the abrasive particles. The present invention has now been described with reference to various modalities thereof. The detailed description and the previous examples have been given for a greater clarity of understanding only. They should not be understood from the same unnecessary limitations. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes can be made to the described modalities without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the rotating bristle tool according to the present invention can be provided with means for introducing fluid such as cooling fluids, lubricants, and cleaning fluids to the workpiece 5 during operation as is known in the art. , such as openings through a support or bristles. Thus, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the exact details and structures described herein, but to the structures described by the language of the claims, and the equivalents of those structures.

It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known by the applicant to carry out the aforementioned invention, is the conventional one for the manufacture of the objects to which it refers. twenty

Claims (22)

$ FIVINDfCATIONS Having described the invention as above, the content of the following claims is claimed as property:

1. A rotating bristle tool, characterized in that it comprises: a base including a first side, a second side, and a center of rotation; an array of bristles extending from the first side of the base, where each of the bristles includes a root adjacent the base and a point opposite the root, and where the bristles comprise an elastomeric polymer; where the arrangement of bristles defines an external diameter of the root of the arrangement in the roots of the bristles and an outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement in the tips of the bristles, and where the ratio of the external diameter of the root of the arrangement to the diameter outer or the tip of the arrangement is at least 2: 1, where the bristles include a cross section of the root and a cross section of the tip; where the cross section of the root includes a greater thickness of the root and a smaller thickness of the root, and where the ratio of the greatest thickness of the root to the smallest thickness of the root is less - of 2: 1; and where the greater thickness of the root is oriented at an angle of -20 ° to + 20 ° in relation to the line extending from the center of rotation of the base to the root.

The rotating bristle tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement is circular, and where the outer diameters of the root and the tip of the arrangement are concentric with the center of rotation of the base.

3. The bristle tool, rotary, according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bristles have a bristle length from root to tip, and where the ratio of the length of the bristle to the smallest thickness of the root It is at least 5: 1.

4. The bristle tool, rotary, according to claim 3, characterized in that the bristles are configured so that the rotation of the bristle tool, rotating around the center of the rotation of the base at 1000 RPM makes the bristles bend, so that the ratio of the outside diameter of the tip of the array to the outside diameter of the root of the array is at least 1: 1.

5. The rotating bristle tool according to claim 3, characterized in that the bristles are configured so that after rotating the rotating bristle tool around the center of the rotation of the base at a sufficiently high rotational speed causes the bristles to bend or flex so that the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement under rotation is at least twice the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement at rest, the tangential component of the deflection at the tips is greater than the radial component of the deflection at the tips.

6. A rotating bristle tool, characterized in that it comprises: a base including a first side, a second side, and a center of rotation; and a plurality of bristles extending from the first side of the base, where the bristles comprise a moldable polymer; where each of the bristles includes a root adjacent to the base, a tip opposite the root, and a length from root to tip, and where the bristles include a cross section of the root and a cross section of the tip; where the cross section of the root includes a greater thickness of the root and a smaller thickness of the root, where the ratio of the greater thickness of the root to the smaller thickness of the root is at least 1.5: 1, and where the greater thickness of the root is oriented at an angle of -20 ° to + 20 ° in relation to the line extending from the center of rotation of the base to the root; and where the ratio of the length of the bristle to the greater thickness of the root is at least 5: 1.

The rotating bristle tool according to claim 6, characterized in that the bristles include an inner side facing the center of rotation of the base, an outer side oriented away from the center of rotation of the base, and first and second sides opposite each other that extend from the inner side to the outer side; and where, at least at the root of the sow, the inner side has a first radius of curvature and the outer side has a second radius of curvature, where the ratio of the first radius of curvature to the second radius of curvature is at least 2. :1.

The rotating bristle tool according to claim 7, characterized in that it is a uniform transition from the inner side to the first and second sides and from the outer side to the first and second sides.

9. A rotating bristle tool, characterized in that it comprises: &g; ggágj a base that includes a first side, a second side, and a center rotated; and an array of bristles extending from the first side of the base, where the bristles comprise a moldable elastomeric polymer; where each of the bristles includes a root adjacent to the base, a tip opposite the root, and a length from root to tip, where the root includes a cross section of the root that includes a greater thickness of the root and a smaller thickness of the root, and where the rotation of the length of the bristle to the smallest thickness of the root is at least 4: 1; where the arrangement defines an outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement at the tips of the sow; and wherein the bristles are configured so that rotation of the rotating bristle tool around the center of rotation of the base at a sufficiently high rotational speed causes the bristles to bend or deflect to an outer diameter of the tip of the array under rotation that is at least twice the arrangement of the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement at rest, the ratio of the tangential component of the deflection to the radial component of the deflection is at least 3: 1.

10. The rotating bristle tool according to claim 9, characterized in that the The arrangement of bristles also defines an outer diameter of the root of the arrangement at the edges of the bristles and where the ratio of the outside diameter of the root of the arrangement to the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement is at least 2: 1

11. The rotating bristle tool according to claim 10, characterized in that the arrangement is circular and the outer diameters of the root and tip are concentric with the center of rotation of the base.

12. The rotating bristle tool according to claim 9, characterized in that the ratio of the largest thickness of the root to the smallest thickness of the root is at least 2: 1; and where the greater thickness of the root is oriented at an angle of -20 ° to + 20 ° in relation to the line extending from the center of rotation of the base to the root.

The rotating bristle tool according to claim 9, characterized in that the bristles are configured so that rotation of the rotating bristle tool around the center of rotation of the base at 1000 RPM makes the bristles bend or deflect, so that the ratio of the outer diameter of the tip of the arrangement under rotation to the outside diameter of the tip of the arrangement at rest is at least 1.5: 1.

14. The rotating bristle tool according to any of claims 1-13, characterized in that the bristles include a plurality of abrasive particles therein.

15. The bristle tool, rotary, according to any of claims 1-13, characterized in that it also comprises means of connection or connection, centered on the center-rotation of the base, to join or connect the tool to a member drive .

The rotating bristle tool according to claim 15, characterized in that the connection means comprise a mounting hole extending through the base.

17. The rotary bristle tool according to claim 15, characterized in that the connecting or connecting means comprise a connecting member extending from the second side of the base.

18. The bristle tool, rotary, according to claim 17, characterized in that the connecting or connecting member comprises a threaded stud.

19. The rotating bristle tool, according to which one of claims 1-13, characterized in that the bristles comprise a thermoplastic elastomer.

20. The rotating bristle tool according to any of claims 1-13, characterized in that the bristles are molded integrally with the base.

21. The rotating bristle tool according to any of claims 1-13, characterized in that the bristle arrangement further defines an inside diameter of the array of up to 1.0 cm.

22. The rotating bristle tool according to any of claims 1-13, 15 characterized in that the array further defines an inside diameter of the array, and where the inside diameter of the array is substantially constant along the length of the bristles.