MXPA00000365A - Method of detecting seismic events and for detecting and correcting geometryand statics error in seismic data - Google Patents

Abstract

Methods are provided for automatic detection of linear seismic events and the detected events are used in correction of statics and geometry error. According to an example embodiment, a method is provided for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, and for correcting geometry and statics errors, wherein at least one element of the data comprises a shot and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a common element gather of traces, the method comprising:band pass filtering the traces;applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data;computing the complex trace envelope of traces of the gather;filtering out a DC component of the traces;sorting the gather by a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element, and an offset bin, wherein a sorted gather of traces is defined;wherein said computing and said sorting define a sorted gather of complex trace envelopes;transforming the sorted gather of complex trace envelopes into a set of velocity stack trace envelopes;wherein said traces are divergence corrected before said transforming and wherein said traces are positive bulk time shifted before said transforming;picking events from the velocity stack trace envelopes;determining statics error based on said picking;correcting said statics error;determining geometry error based on said picking;and correcting said geometry error.

Description

METHOD OF DETECTION OF SEISMIC EVENTS AND TO DETECT AND CORRECT THE ERRORS OF GEOMETRY AND STATICS IN THE SEISMIC DATA BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the field of seismic data processing and specifically to methods for detecting arrival events, such as direct arrivals and reflections and for detecting geometry and static errors in the seismic data. In the seismic survey, the signals are generated in locations of signal sources by sources (for example air pistols, dynamite and vibrators), which travel through the medium, sometimes being refracted and reflected and received at the receivers ( for example hydrophones and geophones, aka pressure detectors and particle speed detectors, respectively). The reflections and refractions include information from which the geology of the subsoil is determined. However, the data acquisition process is susceptible to error. For example, the amplitude of a particular shot from a particular source may not be as designed. A receiver may not be properly coupled (either to the recorder or to ground). In addition, problems in sources and receivers may be intermittent. As the number of sources and receivers increases, and as the volume of data increases, with more and more tense 3D seismic activities, the detection of such errors becomes more and more difficult. In addition, it is important to know the precise location of the sources and receivers, one in relation to the other. Again, because the volume of data has increased, this has become a particularly difficult problem, especially in marine environments, including ocean floor and towed shunt applications. In addition, tolerance should be left for the variation in the elevation of the receivers and the sources, as well as the variability in the depth to the submetered layer, since the depth of a particular event perceived in a record is related to the time difference from the moment of the shot to the reception of the response to the shot. This is typically referred to as "static" correction. To determine the normal location of the source or the receiver, and to perform the static corrections, the first energy received by the receiver (a.k.a. the first pulse) is typically used. For example, in some cases, the first impulse is "direct arrival" (a signal received from the source that has not been reflected or refracted). In other cases, the first impulse is a refracted signal (for example in some oceanic background cable situations). The triangulation or least squares techniques use the first impulse to determine the relative position of the shots and receivers. In the case of static corrections, a decomposition algorithm is used, which has the following general formula: ? t =? xy + static error of the trip + static error of the receiver 5 where? xy is the error in the position of the trip and the receiver, and where? t is derived from the refractors found in the data. See, Yilmaz, Seismic Data Processing, V.2. Chap. 3, pp. 155-240, Society of Exploration Geophysicists (Tulsa, 1987). 10 However, to determine the correct function? T, the first impulse must be determined. This is not a trivial task. In fact, it has proven to be very difficult. Currently, although attempts have been made regarding the automatic selection of the first impulse, the selection still requires manual work for most tasks. This manual work includes the visual inspection of the data, which consumes time, since the automated procedures are highly sensitive to noise. In addition, manual work may require an a priori knowledge of speed, which is not always available. Visual inspection for good control of quality eliminates the very purpose of an automated system. Therefore, a reliable automated system is needed to detect seismic events, such as the first impulse. Í & LT.AA. " In addition, the techniques that use the first impulses can only work with an individual event per time axis. And, since the first impulse is direct arrival, for deepwater cases only, traditional methods use only a few direct arrival records for shallow water, without taking into account all the other registration lines where the Direct arrival occurs at a time after the first impulse. A technique is needed in which multiple events, especially one that could distinguish between direct arrival and different reflections, to provide greater flexibility and accuracy in the areas of geometry and static correction. Even current geometry and static correction procedures use only the first impulse information, which makes it more difficult to identify the type of error that occurs. Therefore, a method is needed to detect and correct the geometry error and a method of detecting and correcting the static error in which the type of error is identifiable. In addition, current selection algorithms that use correlation and block / correlation techniques are subject to cyclic jumps, which is common, but not desirable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It is an objective of the present invention to solve the needs identified above.

Therefore, in accordance with one aspect of the invention, a method is provided for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data, and for correcting geometry and static errors, in which at least one element of the data comprises a shot and at least some other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element registration lines, the method comprising: filtering the registration lines with bandpass filter; calculate the complex record line envelope of the record lines of the cluster; filter a CD component of the registration lines; classifying the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element and a displacement deposit, whereby a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said calculation and said classification define a classified grouping of complex register line envelopes; transforming the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per velocity block; wherein the divergence of said registration lines is corrected before said transformation and wherein said registration lines are subjected to positive displacement in total time before said transformation; choose events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block; determine the static error based on said selection; correct said static error; determine the geometry error based on said selection; and correct said geometry error. In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a dispersion filter is applied to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex envelopes of the registration line array. In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, wherein at least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least some other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element registration lines, the method comprising: calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping; classify the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, and a second element, where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said calculation and said classification define a classified grouping of complex register line envelopes; transforming the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per velocity block; and select events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block. In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, another method is provided for correcting static errors in a seismic data set comprising: assembling a set of record line envelopes per velocity block; wherein the speed block register line envelopes have a particular trigger and receiver location associated with each register line; wherein the speed block record line envelopes include representations of multiple event arrivals; where some of the arrivals of events represent the direct arrival and some represent different events to the direct arrival; wherein the speed block record line envelopes include event attributes comprising: information about time, amplitude and speed for each event; comparing at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals with at least one event attribute of at least some other multi-event arrival; and assign a static correction to a source-receiver, depending on the comparison. In accordance with even another aspect of the invention, a dispersion filter is applied to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex envelope of the registration line array. In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for discriminating between the problems of static, geometry, source and problems received, the method comprising: assembling a set of record line envelopes per velocity block; wherein the speed block register line envelopes have a particular trigger and receiver location associated with each register line; wherein the speed block record line envelopes include the representation of multiple event arrivals; where some of the arrivals of events represent the direct arrival and some represent different events to the direct arrival; wherein the speed block record line envelopes include event attributes comprising: • írf. information about time, amplitude and speed for each event; comparing at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals with a threshold value for at least one event attribute; discriminate between the type of error, depending on the comparison. According to a still further aspect of the present invention, a method for correcting geometry errors in a set of seismic data recording lines is provided, the registration lines being related to a first element location and a second element location , one of the element locations being a trigger location and the other of the element locations being a receiver location, the method comprising: assembling a set of record line envelopes per speed block; select a seismic event from the set of record line envelopes per velocity block; comparing a delay in time between the location of the first element and the location of the second element with a threshold value of delay in time; and assign a geometry correction to at least one of the element locations; depending on the comparison.

Other aspects and modalities will be apparent to the expert in the art, after reviewing the following detailed description of the figures and the detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The present invention is best understood by reading the following description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the appended figures, which are briefly described as follows: Figure 1 demonstrates a method and system for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events and for correcting errors of geometry and static in data of multiple elements. Figure 2 demonstrates a method and system for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data. Figure 3 demonstrates a method and system for correcting static errors in a set of seismic data. Figure 4 demonstrates a method and system for discriminating between the problems of static, geometry, source and problems received. Figure 5 demonstrates a method and system for correcting geometry errors in a set of seismic data.

Figure 6 demonstrates a method and system for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data. Figure 7 demonstrates a method and system for assembling. Figure 8 demonstrates a method and system for correcting geometry errors in seismic data including substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data. Figure 9 demonstrates a method and system for automatically correcting static errors in seismic data including substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data. It should be noted, however, that the appended figures illustrate only typical embodiments of the invention, and therefore should not be considered as a limitation of the scope of the invention, which includes other equally effective modalities.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXAMPLE MODALITIES OF THE INVENTION In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a method is provided for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data. At least one element of the data comprises a trigger location and at least some other element of the data comprises a receiver location. The data is grouped in a common element grouping (eg common trigger or common receiver), and the complex log line envelope of the record lines of the pool is calculated (Figure 1C) (Figure 2A). In addition, the grouping is classified by means of a first element line location (e.g. location of the receiver line, a first element location (e.g., receiver location), a second element line (e.g. line of the shot), and a second element (for example location of the shot), where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined (figure 1E) (figure 2C) In this example, the receiver is identified as the first element and the trigger as the second element, but it will be understood that these are inverted in alternative embodiments of the invention.After classifying the registration lines and calculating the complex record line envelopes, the result is a classified grouping of registration line envelopes. (Figure 1 E) The method then transforms the classified grouping of record line envelopes into a set of envelopes of registration line by speed block (figure 1G) (figure 2C), and the events are selected from the registration line envelopes by speed block (figure 1 H). As used herein, speed block record line envelopes are the result of performing a tau-p transformation process (aka "slanted block") in the rated envelopes, or of performing linear migration with a individual speed (for example the speed of the water in the case of the background cable). The selection of the events from the record line envelopes by speed block is then made by a number of processes, such as the detection of maximums (figure 1 H) (figure 2D). The previous method provides as many events ("events" means direct arrival, first refraction, second refraction, etc.) as are chosen from the registration lines per speed block. And, it should be indicated that the chosen events will have the following information associated with them if the tau-p transformation process is used: time, amplitude and speed. In accordance with various embodiments of the invention, several additional steps are provided. For example, in one embodiment, the transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block (FIG. 1G) comprises changing the direct arrival data and the data in the registration lines afterwards. of direct arrival and apply a tau-p transformation. While, in accordance with the alternative modality, the transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block, comprises the detection of group maxima to detect events other than direct arrival . Additional steps include: correcting the divergence of the registration lines before the transformation (Figure 1 F), filter with bandpass filter registration lines (using a bandpass filter dependent on the source array to detect direct arrival, and a bandpass filter for all other events, as described in more detail later) (figure 1A), filter a CD component of the registration lines (figure 1 D), apply a filter of dispersion to the data of direct arrival (figure 1 B) and subject to positive displacement in total time the registration lines before the transformation (figure 1F). Regarding filtration with band pass filter, it has been found that the use of a specific type of filter for direct arrival is particularly useful. As used herein, that filter is referred to as "a bandpass filter dependent on the source array", which is a high-pass filter in which the cutoff frequencies are derived from the filter k of the array of the source for a given apparent event rate. Regarding the dispersion filter, it has been discovered that when recording lines are used with large distances from firing to receiver (displacement) the dispersing nature of the energy propagated in water becomes evident. The wave train containing the direct arrival is more elongated in time due to the fact that each frequency travels at a different speed. A dispersion filter is applied to collapse the direct arrival energy to a shorter and more resolvent wave train. According to a further embodiment of the present invention the dispersion filter used is of the type: Phase (frequency) = frequency * displacement / speed (frequency) Of course, the use of other types of dispersion filters is also contemplated. According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the speed block registration lines are taken from a three-dimensional recognition, in which the information of the shift deposit is conserved and used to construct a cube of registration lines , hereinafter referred to as a cube per 3D speed block, plotted, for example, trigger line, trigger, receiver line, receiver, displacement tank and time. Depending on which events are chosen, a cube as such represents the refractory structure and also the direct arrival horizon that shows the geometric positions. If there are no geometry errors, the horizon will be flat. In the case of geometric errors, the error will be seen in the cube (figure 1K). In addition, the aspects of quality control will be detectable from the cube in the sense that the anomalies in the horizons will show various types of errors (for example shot failure or mechazos, in which all the peaks will be displaced in the same amount). , or direct arrival behavior which is different from the arrival of a refraction). Therefore, the speed block registration lines are used in accordance with a further aspect of the invention to determine the geometry errors (Figure 1K). While, in accordance with another additional aspect of the invention, the speed block registration lines are used to determine static errors (Figure 11). In accordance with even a further embodiment of the invention, a dispersion filter is applied to the direct arrival data (FIG. 2A), a complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the array is calculated (FIG. 2B), the grouping is classified by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line and a second element, defining a classified grouping of registration lines and a classified grouping of complex registration line envelopes (figure 2C) and the classified array of complex register line envelopes is transformed into a set of record line envelopes per rate block (Figure 2D). Then the events are chosen from the registration line envelopes per speed block (Figure 2E). In accordance with even a further embodiment of the invention, a complex record line envelope of the record lines of the array is calculated (FIG. 6A), the pool is classified by means of a first element line, a first element, a line of second element and a second element, defining a classified grouping of registration lines and a classified grouping of complex registration line envelopes (figure 6B) and the classified grouping of complex registration line envelopes is transformed into a set of envelopes of registration line per speed block (figure 6C). Then, events are chosen from the registration line envelopes per velocity block (Figure 6D). In accordance with even an additional embodiment of the invention, as explained in more detail below, the events are associated with specific trigger-receiver pairs, and various components of the events are analyzed (for example, by comparison with threshold values or others). events) to determine geometry errors, static errors and / or quality control (CC) (ie, strength of the source, bad calibration of the receivers, etc.). In a specific example, guided correlation is used, just as in the traditional static analysis. In accordance with more specific examples of embodiments of the present invention, reformatted ground head register lines are introduced, represented by Sij (xys), Rkl (xys), A (X, t), where: i = an index of source line, j = a source index, k = a receiver line index, l = a receiver index, xys = coordinates x, y + water depth, and A (X, t) = amplitude of the record line as a function of displacement (X) and time (t). In a source procedure, the following steps are followed: Event detection procedure: 1) It is classified by means of Sij, the receiver line to build a matrix that has. { Sij, Rkl, A (Xt)} , k = constant. 2) The approximate critical distance of water Xc in Sij is calculated in accordance with any of the procedures known to those skilled in the art. 3) The number of deposits (m) and the maximum and minimum displacements of the deposits (Xmin / max) are calculated in accordance with procedures known to those skilled in the art. 4) The average displacement within the displacement deposits m is calculated to define Xm. 5) A time window TX is extracted for each Sij, A (X, t), where TX = Tmax (Vw, X), where Vw = water velocity and X is the displacement. 6) It is classified by means of m to build the matrix. { Sij, Rkl, m, A (X, t)} . 7) Calculate Rm (x, y, s) = average of Rl (x, y, s) for all the registration lines in the displacement deposit m. 8) Registration line data is duplicated, the high pass filter dependent on the source arrangement is applied for the arrival detection in water (one set of data), the regular bandpass filter is applied to the others data sets. 9) The dispersion filter is applied to the direct arrival data.

) The complex record line envelope is calculated in both data sets. 11) Linear migration is applied to data set 1, to V = Vw and block the record lines of the displacement deposit m, A (X, t) to build. { Sij, Rmk, As (Vw, t)} , where VW = water velocity = Vd = direct arrival time. Note that l = receiver index is replaced by m = displacement deposit index. 12) the direct arrival data and all subsequent data are changed to the direct arrival to the data set 2. 13) It becomes the inclined block (tau-p transformation) the data set two, A (X, t) for build . { Sij, m, As (Vs, t)} , where As (Vs, t) is the slanted block amplitude for each velocity and time index, or, if the log lines have noise, use the slanted diversity block. 14) There is the record line tau-p (AS (Vs, t)) that has the maximum amplitude (Asmax (t)) within the transform, that is, Asmax (t) = MAX. { As (vs, t)} , and Vsmax = velocity associated with Asmax (t). An alternative method is by detecting the maximum of the center of the group. 15) Write. { Sij, RXmk, Xm, Asmax (t), Vr} including the data Vw. Note that Vr = Vsmax = velocity of the refractor and Asmax = amplitude of the registration line per velocity block = amplitude of the refracted velocity = Ar. 16) Return over m (displacement tanks).

: «A_S 17) Write. { Sij, Rmk, Asmax (Xm, t), Vr} . 18) Return over Rk (receiver line). 19) Write. { Sij, Rmk, Asmax (Xm, t), Vr} 20) Build the cubes. { (Rmk (x, y), Asmax (t).}. &{ Rml (x, y), Vr.}.. 21) Choose cubes tr (Sij, Rmk, Asmax, Vr) by correlation and td (Sij, Rmk, Assd. Vw) by uncovered maximums. Where tr = refractor time, td = time of direct arrival. Those skilled in the art will understand that the method described above is used in alternative embodiments such as a receiver method, wherein R and S are mutually changed.

Procedure of discrimination of events (figure 4) From this type of data, different information is deduced. For example, many of the previously written parameters are compared to threshold values, and / or to 0, to determine if there is an error in the data (Figure 4B). In a specific embodiment, a TTHRSH value is determined as a function of Rxkl and s. The TTHRSH value is compared against td and / or tr, (arrival times for the direct arrival and a refraction, respectively). In accordance with an additional modality, for the purposes of quality control, the following matrix is calculated. TTHRSH ATHRSH VTHRSH td trAd Ar Vd Vr Sij R11 R21 Calculating a matrix as such for all Rkl, a cube is constructed. Errors are detected by data in the cube that fall above or below a threshold value or that are zero. For example, if there is a geometry error, most of the data points in a given array will be bad. If there is a static error, on the other hand, the tr value will be bad, even if the other values are good. Also, if there is an error in the receiver line, a constant error will appear for all points on that given receiver line (for example amplitude = 0). Therefore, in accordance with another aspect of the invention, in a quality control procedure, the useful event attributes (as used herein, "event attributes" comprise: eg, td, tr, Ad, Ar, Vd and Vr) are compared with threshold values and the quality control problems are marked based on that comparison (Figure 4C). The type of quality control error is determined from the pattern of non-conformance with the particular event attribute. In some modalities, the error is plotted in the velocity block cube (for example with a specific color indicating a specific type of error) and the errors are plotted along the xy contour. Next, all the marked Sij and Rkl register line groupings are plotted. In accordance with an additional modality, a method is provided to discriminate between problems of static, geometry, source and problem received. This method is represented in FIG. 4. A set of record line envelopes per velocity block is assembled, in which the registration line envelopes per velocity block have a particular trip and receiver location associated with each line of registration. registration and includes arrival representations of multiple events (Figure 4A). Some of the event arrivals represent direct arrival and some represent different events upon direct arrival. The speed block record line envelopes include event attributes that comprise: information about time, amplitude and speed for each event. At least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals at a threshold value for at least one event attribute (Figure 4B); discriminating between the type of error depending on the comparison (figure 4C). In accordance with an alternative embodiment, instead of comparing the event attributes with threshold values, the event attributes of at least one record line are compared with the event attributes of at least one different record line. Errors are assigned to variations outside of a predetermined level.

Geometry and static corrections (figure 5) (figure 3) In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, after assembling a set of envelopes per velocity block (figure 5 A) and choosing a seismic event from that set of envelopes of registration line per speed block (Figure 5B), the delay in time between the location of the first element and the location of the second element with a threshold value of delay in time is compared (Figure 5C). A geometry correction dependent on the comparison is then assigned (Figure 5D). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a set of envelopes is assembled by speed blocks (Figure 3A); some event arrivals represent direct arrival and some represent events other than direct arrival. At least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals is compared with at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals (Figure 3B). Then a static correction is assigned to a source receiver (Figure 3C). In accordance with even a further aspect of the invention, geometry corrections are provided by running triangulation or least squares localization algorithms using the direct arrival attributes td tr (Sij (xy), Rmk (xy), Ad, Vd) . Then a recalculated receiver location Sij (x'y ') is applied. In accordance with an even further aspect of the invention, static corrections are provided by running conventional residual static algorithms using the refractor arrival attributes td tr (Sij (x'y '), Rmk (xy), Ar, Vr).

In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, an assembly method is provided, shown schematically in Figure 7. The complex record line envelope of the registration lines of a cluster is calculated (Figure 7A), and is classified grouping by means of a line of first element, a first element, a line of second element and a second element (figure 7B). A classified grouping of registration lines is defined. The calculation and classification define a classified grouping of complex record line envelopes. The classified grouping of complex register line envelopes is transformed into a set of record line envelopes per rate block (Figure 7C), and events are chosen from those record line envelopes per rate block (Figure 7D) ). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a method is provided for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, and for correcting geometry and static errors. At least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element registration lines. First, the registration lines are filtered with bandpass filter (figure 1A), the complex record line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping is calculated (figure 1C), the grouping is classified by means of a line of first element, a first element, a line of second element, a second element and a displacement tank (figure 1E). A classified grouping is defined. The calculation and classification define a classified grouping of complex record line envelopes. Then, the classified grouping of complex register line envelopes is transformed into a set of record line envelopes per rate block (Figure 1G). Divergence correction and positive displacement in total time are made to the registration lines before the transformation (Figure 1F). Events are selected from the registration line envelopes per velocity block (figure 1 H), the static error is determined based on the selection (figure 11), the static error is corrected (figure 1J), the geometry error is determined based on the selection (figure 1K) and the geometry error is corrected (figure 1L). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention a system is provided for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data. This is represented schematically in Figure 1. Each block in Figure 1 represents a hardware / software module as it might be known to one skilled in the art. For a grouping of common element registration lines, at least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver. Means are provided for calculating the complex record line envelopes of the record lines of the cluster (Figure 1C). Means are also provided for classifying the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, and a second element; defining a classified grouping of registration lines (figure 1E). The means for calculating and the means for classifying define a classified grouping of complex record line envelopes (Figure 1 E). Means are also provided for transforming the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block (FIG. 1G) and for selecting events from those record line envelopes per rate block. (figure 1 H). According to a further aspect of the invention means are provided to transform the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block, which provide the inclined block transformation of the registration line array and the detection of maximums (figure 1G). Means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block are also modalized in the present invention, which provide for the change of the direct arrival and data data in the line of registration. record after direct arrival and apply a tau-p transformation (figure 1 G). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, means for selection are provided which comprise detection of the group maxima (Fig. 1 H). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, means are provided for classification to classify the cluster by means of the displacement deposit (Figure 1 E).

Accordingly, with a further aspect of the invention, means are provided for correction of divergence of the registration lines before transformation (FIG. 1 F). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, means are provided for filtering the registration lines with a bandpass filter (FIG. 1A). Another non-limiting aspect of the invention includes filtering with bandpass filter dependent on the source arrangement (Figure 1A). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, means are provided for filtering a CD component of the registration lines (Figure 1D). In accordance with even a further aspect of the invention, means are provided for positive displacement in full time of the registration lines before transformation (Figure 1 F). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, means are provided for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the cluster (Figure 1 B). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a system is provided for correcting static errors in a set of seismic data. This is represented schematically in Figure 3. Each block in Figure 3 schematically represents a hardware / software module as it might be known to one skilled in the art. Means are provided for assembling a set of record line envelopes per velocity block (Figure 3A). Means are also provided for comparing at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals with at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals (Figure B). In addition, means are provided to assign a static correction to a source-receiver (Figure 3C). The static correction is dependent on the comparison. The speed block register line envelopes have a particular trigger and receiver location associated with each register line and the register line envelopes per speed block include representations of multiple event arrivals. The speed block record line envelopes also include event attributes comprising: information about time, amplitude and speed for each event. Some of the arrivals of events represent the direct arrival and some represent different events to the direct arrival. In accordance with even a further aspect of the invention, assembly means are provided. This is represented schematically by each block in Figure 7. Each block in Figure 7 represents a hardware / software module as it might be known to one skilled in the art. Means are provided for calculating the complex record line envelope of the registration lines of a cluster (Figure 7A), and to classify the grouping by means of a line of first element, a first element, a line of second element and a second element (figure 7B). A classified grouping of record lines is defined. The calculation and classification define a classified grouping of complex record line envelopes. Means are provided for transforming the classified array of complex register line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block (FIG. 7C), and for selecting events from record line envelopes per rate block. (figure 7D). In accordance with an even further aspect of the invention, a system is provided for discriminating between the problems of static, geometry, source and problem received. This is represented schematically in Figure 4. Each block in Figure 4 represents a hardware / software module as it might be known to one skilled in the art. Means are also provided for assembling a set of record line envelopes per velocity block (Figure 4A). Means are also provided for comparing at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals with a threshold value for at least one event attribute (Figure 4B). Also provided are means for discriminating between the type of error, dependent on the comparison and means for assembling a set of record line envelopes per speed block (Figure 4C). The speed block register line envelopes have a particular trigger location and receiver associated with each of the registration lines and the speed block record line envelopes include representations of multiple event arrivals. The speed block record line envelopes include event attributes comprising time, amplitude and velocity information for each event. Some of the event arrivals represent direct arrival and some represent different events upon direct arrival. In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a system for correcting geometry errors in a set of seismic data recording lines is provided. This is represented schematically in Figure 5. Each block in Figure 5 represents a Hardware / software module as would be known to one skilled in the art. The registration lines are related to a first element location and a second element location, one of the element locations being a trigger location and the other location being a receiver location. In addition, means are provided for assembling a set of record line envelopes per velocity block including information from the shift repository (Figure 5A). Means are also provided for selecting a seismic event from the set of record line envelopes per speed block (Figures 5B), means for comparing a time delay between the location of the first element and the location of the second element with a value threshold of delay in time (Figures 5C), and means to signify a geometry correction to at least one of the element locations; dependent on the comparison (figure 5D).

In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, assembly means are provided, comprising the assignment of the registration lines to the displacement tanks and the application of migration corrections to the registration lines (figure JPQ). Further to the invention, a system for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data is provided.This is represented schematically in Figure 2. Each block in Figure 2 represents a hardware / software module as it could be known. by a person skilled in the art For a common grouping of recording lines, at least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver. bandpass registration lines, to calculate the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines or of the grouping (figure 2A), to filter a CD component of the registration lines and to classify the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element and a deposit of displacement. A classified grouping of record lines is defined and the calculation and classification define a classified grouping of complex record line envelopes (Figure 2B). Means are also provided for transforming the classified array of complex register line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block (Figure 12). The registration lines are ^^^ i ^ áim ^ correct in terms of divergence and undergo positive displacement in full time before the transformation. Means are also provided to select events from the registration line envelopes per speed block (figure 2D). According to even a further aspect of the invention, means are provided for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the cluster (Figure 1 B) . In accordance with a still further aspect of the invention, a system is provided for automatically correcting geometry errors in seismic data including substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data. This is represented schematically in Figure 8. Each block in Figure 8 represents a hardware / software module as it might be known to one skilled in the art. At least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element registration lines. There is further provided means for filtering with a bandpass filter the registration line (FIG. 8A), for calculating the complex record line envelope of the registration lines of the array (8B), for filtering a CD component of the registration lines (Figure 8C), to classify the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element and a displacement deposit (Figure 8D). A -9 classified grouping of registration lines is defined. The calculation and classification define a classified grouping of complex record line envelopes. Means are also provided for transforming the classified array of complex register line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block (Figure 8F). The registration lines are corrected for divergence and subjected to positive displacement in full time before transformation (Figure 8E). Means are also provided to select events from the record line envelopes per velocity block (figure 7G), to determine the geometry error based on the selection (figure 8H) and to correct the geometry error (figure 81). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention a system is provided for automatically correcting static errors in seismic data including substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data. This is represented schematically in Figure 9. Each block in Figure 9 represents a hardware / software module as it might be known to one skilled in the art. At least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element lines. In addition, means are provided for filtering the registration lines with a bandpass filter (FIG. 9A) to calculate the complex register line envelope of the registration lines of the array (FIG. 9B), to filter a CD component of the band. the registration lines (Figure 9C), to classify the grouping by means of a line of first element, a first element, a line of second element, a second element (Figure 9D). A classified grouping of registration lines is defined. The calculation and classification define a classified grouping of complex record line envelopes. Means are also provided for transforming the classified array of complex register line envelopes into a set of register line envelopes per rate block (Figure 9F). The registration lines are corrected for divergence and subjected to positive displacement in full time before transformation (Figure 9E). Means are also provided to select events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block (figure 9G), to determine the static error based on the selection (figure 1 H) and to correct the static error (figure 91). In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, a system is provided for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data, and for correcting geometry and static errors. This is represented schematically in Figure 1. Each block in Figure 1 represents a hardware / software module as it might be known to one skilled in the art. At least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one of the elements comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element register lines. Means are also provided for filtering the registration lines with a bandpass filter (FIG. 1A) to calculate the envelope of complex registration line of the registration lines of the grouping (figure 1C), to classify the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element and a displacement deposit (figure 1 E). A classified grouping of registration lines is defined. The calculation and classification define a classified grouping of complex record line envelopes. Means are also provided for transforming the classified array of complex register line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block (Figure 1G). These record lines are corrected for divergence and subjected to positive displacement in full time before transformation (Figure 1 F). Means are also provided to select events from the registration line envelopes per speed block (figure 1 H), to determine the static error based on the selection (figure 11), to correct the static error (figure 1 J), to determine the geometry error based on the selection (figure 1 K) and to correct the geometry error (figure 1 L). In accordance with even a further aspect of the invention means are provided for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before the calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the cluster (Figure 1 B). The embodiments and additional aspects of the invention will be presented to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS 1. - A method for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data, characterized in that at least one element of the data comprises a tripping and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of registration lines of common element, the method comprising: calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping; classify the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line and a second element, where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said calculation and said classification define a classified grouping of complex register line envelopes; transform the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; and choose events from the registration line envelopes per speed block.
2. 2. A method according to claim 1, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of block line envelopes inclined the grouping of registration lines and dictating the maxima.
3. 3. A method according to claim 1, further characterized in that said of the classified grouping of registration lines in a set of record line envelopes per speed block comprises changing the direct arrival data and the data in the lines register after direct arrival and apply a tau-p transformation.
4. 4. A method according to claim 1, further characterized in that said selection comprises the detection of the maxima of the group.
5. 5. A method according to claim 1, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per velocity block comprises applying a tau-p transformation.
6. 6. A method according to claim 1, further characterized in that said classification further comprises classifying the grouping by means of the shift deposit. 7 '.- A method according to claim 1, further comprising the correction of divergence of the registration lines before said transformation. 8. - A method according to claim 1, further characterized in that it comprises filtering the registration lines with band pass filter. 9. A method according to claim 8, further characterized in that said filtering with bandpass filter comprises filtering with band pass filter dependent on the arrangement of the source. 10. A method according to claim 1, further characterized in that it comprises filtering a CD component of the registration lines. 11. A method according to claim 1, further characterized by comprising subjecting registration lines to positive displacement in full time before said transformation. 12. A method according to claim 1, further characterized in that it comprises applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping. 13. A method for correcting static errors in a set of seismic data comprising assembling a set of record line envelopes per velocity block, characterized in that the registration line envelopes per velocity block have a particular location of trigger and receiver associated with each record line, where the speed block record envelopes include representations of event event arrivals, where some of the event arrivals represent the direct arrival and some represent events other than the direct arrival, where the speed block record line envelopes include event attributes that include: information about time, amplitude and speed for each event; comparing at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals with at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals; and assign a static correction to a source-receiver, dependent on the comparison. 14. A method according to claim 13, further characterized in that said assembly comprises computing the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of a cluster; classify the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line and a second element, where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said calculation and said classification define a classified grouping of complex register line envelopes; transform the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; and select events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block. 15. A method according to claim 14, further comprising applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the cluster. 16. A method according to claim 13, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per speed block comprises: transforming the registration line array into an inclined block and detect the maximums. 17. A method according to claim 14, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block comprises changing the direct arrival data and the data in record lines after direct arrival and apply a tau-p transformation. 18. A method according to claim 14, further characterized in that said selection comprises the detection of the maxima of the group. 19. A method according to claim 14, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of registration line envelopes per velocity block comprises applying a tau-p transformation. 20. A method according to claim 14, further characterized in that it comprises the correction of divergence of the registration lines before said transformation.21. - A method according to claim 14, further characterized in that it comprises filtering the registration lines with band pass filter. 22. A method according to claim 21, further characterized in that said filtering with band pass filter comprises filtering with band pass filter dependent on the arrangement of the source. 23. A method according to claim 14, further characterized in that it comprises filtering a CD component of the registration lines. 24. A method according to claim 14, further characterized by comprising subjecting registration lines to positive displacement in full time before said transformation. 25.- A method to discriminate between the problems of static, geometry, source and problem received, the method comprising: assembling a set of record line envelopes per speed block, where the record line envelopes per speed block have a particular trigger and receiver location associated with each registration line, where the speed block registration envelopes include representations of multiple event arrivals where some of the event arrivals represent direct arrival and some represent events different from direct arrival, where the speed block record line envelopes include event attributes that include: information about time, amplitude and speed for each event; comparing at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals with a threshold value for at least one event attribute; discriminate between the type of error, dependent on the comparison; and assembling a set of record line envelopes per velocity block. 26. A method according to claim 25, further characterized in that said assembly comprises computing the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of a cluster; classify the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line and a second element, where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said calculation and said classification define a classified grouping of complex registration line envelopes, transforming the classified grouping of complex registration line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; and select events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block. 27.- A method according to claim 26, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block comprises: transforming the register line array into an inclined block and detect the maximums. 28. - A method according to claim 1, further characterized in that it comprises applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping. 29. A method according to claim 25, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block comprises changing the direct arrival data and the data in the record lines after direct arrival and apply a tau-p transformation. 30. A method according to claim 25, further characterized in that said selection comprises the detection of the maximums of the group. 31.- A method according to claim 25, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per velocity block comprises applying a tau-p transformation. 32. A method according to claim 25, further characterized in that it comprises the correction of divergence of the registration lines before said transformation. 33.- A method according to claim 25, further characterized in that it comprises filtering the registration lines with a bandpass filter. 34. - A method according to claim 33, further characterized in that said filtering with bandpass filter comprises filtering with band pass filter dependent on the arrangement of the source. 35.- A method according to claim 25, further characterized in that it comprises filtering a CD component of the registration lines. 36. A method according to claim 25, further characterized by comprising subjecting registration lines to positive displacement in full time before said transformation. 37.- A method for correcting geometry errors in a set of seismic data recording lines, the registration lines being related to a first element location and a second element location, one of the element locations being a location of trigger and the other of the element locations being a receiver location, the method comprising: assembling a set of record line envelopes per rate block including information from the shift deposit; choose a seismic event from the set of record line envelopes per velocity block; comparing a delay in time between the location of the first element and the location of the second element with a threshold value of delay in time; and assign a geometry correction to at least one of the element locations; dependent on the comparison. 38. - A method according to claim 37, further characterized in that said assembly comprises: assigning the registration lines to displacement deposits and applying migration correction to the registration lines. 39.- A method according to claim 37, further characterized in that said assembly comprises calculating the complex register line envelope of the registration lines of a cluster; classify the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line and a second element, where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said calculation and said classification define a classified grouping of complex register line envelopes; transform the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; and select events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block. 40. A method according to claim 39, further characterized in that it comprises applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping. 41.- A method according to claim 37, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per speed block comprises: transforming the registration line array into an inclined block and detect the maximums. 42. A method according to claim 37, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block comprises changing the direct arrival data and the data in the record lines after direct arrival and apply a tau-p transformation. 43. A method according to claim 37, further characterized in that said selection comprises the detection of the group maxima. 44. A method according to claim 37, further characterized in that said transformation of the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block comprises applying a tau-p transformation. 45. A method according to claim 37, further characterized by comprising the correction of divergence of the registration lines before said transformation. 46.- A method according to claim 37, further characterized in that it comprises filtering the registration lines with a bandpass filter. 47. A method according to claim 47, further characterized in that said filtering with band pass filter comprises filtering with band pass filter dependent on the arrangement of the source. 48. A method according to claim 37, further characterized in that it comprises filtering a CD component of the 5 registration lines. 49. A method according to claim 37, further characterized by comprising subjecting registration lines to positive displacement in full time before said transformation. 50.- A method to automatically detect seismic events Substantially linear in multi-element data, further characterized in that at least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element register lines, the method comprising : filter with bandpass filter the registration lines; calculate the 15 Complex record line envelope of grouping record lines; filter a CD component of the registration lines; Classify the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element and a displacement repository, where a classified grouping of lines is defined. 20 registration; wherein said calculation and said classification define a classified grouping of complex register line envelopes; transform the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; in * £ Elbu? &Ji! . wherein said registration lines are corrected for divergence before said transformation and wherein said registration lines are subjected to positive displacement in full time before said transformation; and selecting events from the registration line envelopes per 5 speed block. 51.- A method according to claim 50, further characterized in that it comprises applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping. 10 52. A method for automatically correcting geometry errors in seismic data including seismic events substantially lines in multiple element data, characterized in that at least one element of the data comprises a trip and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of registration lines 15 of common element, the method comprising: filtering the registration lines with bandpass filter; calculate the complex record line envelope of the record lines of the cluster; filter a CD component of the registration lines; classify the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a 20 second element and a displacement deposit, where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said calculation and said classification define a classified grouping of complex register line envelopes; transform the classified grouping of envelopes of ^ -y / &¿¿complex record line in a set of record line envelopes per speed block; wherein said registration lines are corrected in divergence before said transformation and wherein said registration lines are subjected to positive displacement in total time before said transformation; select events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block; determine the geometry error based on said selection; and correct said geometry error. 53. A method according to claim 52, further characterized in that it comprises applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping. 54.- A method for automatically correcting static errors in seismic data including substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, characterized in that at least one element of the data comprises a trip and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element registration lines comprising the method: filtering the registration lines with bandpass filter; calculate the complex record line envelope of the grouping record lines; filter a CD component of the registration lines; classifying the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element and a displacement deposit where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said calculation and said classification define a classified grouping of complex register line envelopes; transform the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; wherein said registration lines are corrected for divergence prior to said transformation and wherein said registration lines are subjected to positive displacement in total time before said transformation; select events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block; determine static errors based on said selection; and correct that error by static. 55.- A method according to claim 54, further characterized in that it comprises applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping. 56.- A method for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, and for correcting geometry and static errors, characterized in that at least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element registration lines, the method comprising: filtering the registration line with bandpass filter; calculate the complex record line envelope of the record lines of the cluster; filter a CD component of the registration lines; classify the grouping by means of a line of first element; a first element, a second element line, a second element and a displacement repository, wherein a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said calculation and said classification define a classified grouping of complex register line envelopes; transform the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; wherein said registration lines are corrected for divergence before said transformation and wherein said registration lines are subjected to positive displacement in total time before said transformation; and selecting events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block; determine the error by statics based on said selection; correct said static error; determine the geometry error based on said selection; and correct said geometry error. 57.- A method according to claim 56, further characterized in that it comprises applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the group 58.- A system for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data, characterized in that at least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of element registration lines common, said system comprising: means for calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping; means for classifying the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a line of second element and a second element, wherein a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said means for calculating and said means for classifying define a classified array of complex record line envelopes; means for transforming the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; and means for selecting events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block. 59. A method according to claim 58, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of registration line envelopes per velocity block comprise: means for transforming the grouping of inclined blocks registration lines and means to detect maximums. 60.- A system according to claim 58, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block comprises means for changing the direct arrival data and the data of the registration lines after direct arrival and apply a tau-p transformation. 61. - A conra mi ad system with claim 58, further characterized in that said means for selecting comprise detection of the group maxima. 62. A system of coherence with claim 58, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of the registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block comprises means for applying a tau-p transformation. 63.- A system according to claim 58, further characterized in that said means for classifying further comprise means for classifying the grouping by means of the displacement deposit. 64.- A system according to claim 58, further characterized in that it comprises means for correcting as far as divergence the registration lines before said means for transforming. 65.- A system according to claim 58, further characterized in that it comprises means for filtering the registration lines with a bandpass filter. 66.- A system according to claim 65, further characterized in that said means for filtering with band pass filter comprise filtering with band pass filter dependent on the arrangement of the source. 67. - A system according to claim 58, further characterized in that it comprises means for filtering a CD component of the registration lines. 68.- A system according to claim 58, further characterized in that it comprises means for subjecting registration lines before said means for transformation to positive displacement in total time. 69.- A system according to claim 58, further characterized in that it comprises means for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said means for calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping . 70. A system for correcting static errors in a set of seismic data comprising: means for assembling a set of record line envelopes per speed block, characterized in that the record line envelopes per speed block have a particular location of trigger and receiver associated with each registration line, where the registration line envelopes per block of speed include representations of multiple event arrivals, where some of the event arrivals represent direct arrival and some represent different events at direct arrival, where the speed block record line envelopes include event attributes that include: information about time, amplitude and speed for each event; means for comparing at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals with at least one event attribute of at least one of the other multiple event arrivals; and means for assigning a static correction to a source-receiver, dependent on the comparison. 71.- A system according to claim 70, further characterized in that said means for assembling comprise: means for calculating the complex register line envelope of the registration lines of a cluster; means for classifying the grouping by means of a line of first element, a first element, a line of second element, and a second element, wherein a classified grouping of registration lines is defined, wherein said means for calculating and said means to classify they define a classified grouping of complex record line envelopes; means for transforming the classified array of complex register line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block, and means for selecting events from the record line envelopes per rate block. 72.- A system according to claim 71, further characterized in that it comprises means for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said means to calculate the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping . 73. - A system according to claim 70, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per speed block comprises: means for transforming the registration line array into an inclined block and means to detect maximums. 74.- A system according to claim 71, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block comprise means for changing the direct arrival data and the data in the registration lines after direct arrival and apply a tau-p transformation. 75.- A system according to claim 71, further characterized in that said means for selecting comprise detection of the group maxima. 76.- A system according to claim 71, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per velocity block comprises applying a tau-p transformation. 77.- A system according to claim 71, further characterized in that it comprises means for correcting the registration lines before said means for transformation with respect to divergence. 78. - A system according to claim 71, further characterized in that it comprises means for filtering the registration lines with a bandpass filter. 79. A system according to claim 78, further characterized in that said means for filtering with band pass filter comprises filtering with band pass filter dependent on the arrangement of the source. 80.- A system according to claim 71, further characterized in that it comprises means for filtering a CD component of the registration lines. 81.- A system according to claim 71, further characterized in that it comprises means for subjecting registration lines before said means for transformation to positive displacement in full time. 82.- A system for discriminating between problems of static, geometry, source and problems received, said system comprising: means for assembling a set of record line envelopes per speed block, characterized in that the registration line envelopes speed block have a particular trigger and receiver location associated with each register line, where the speed block record line envelopes include representations of multiple event arrivals where some of the multiple event arrivals represent the arrival direct and some represent events other than direct arrival, where the speed block record line envelopes include event attributes that include: information about time, amplitude and speed for each event; means for comparing at least one event attribute of at least one of the multiple event arrivals with a threshold value for at least one event attribute; means to discriminate between the type of error, dependent on the comparison; and means for assembling a set of record line envelopes per velocity block. 83. A system according to claim 82, further characterized in that said assembly comprises: means for calculating the complex register line envelope of the registration lines of a cluster; means for classifying the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line and a second element, wherein a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said means for calculating and said means for classifying define a classified array of complex record line envelopes; means for transforming the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; and means for selecting events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block. 84.- A system according to claim 83, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of registration line envelopes per velocity block comprise: means for transforming the grouping of inclined blocks registration lines and means to detect maximums. 85.- A system according to claim 84, further characterized in that it comprises means for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said means for calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping . 86.- A system according to claim 82, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block comprises means for changing the direct arrival data and the data in the registration lines after direct arrival and apply a tau-p transformation. 87.- A system according to claim 82, further characterized in that said means for selecting comprise the detection of the group maxima. 88.- A system according to claim 82, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of registration line envelopes per velocity block comprises applying a tau-p transformation. 89. - A system according to claim 82, further characterized in that it comprises means for correcting as far as divergence the registration lines before said means for transformation. 90.- A system according to claim 82, further characterized in that it comprises means for filtering the registration lines with a bandpass filter. 91.- A system according to claim 90, further characterized in that said filtering with band pass filter comprises filtering with band pass filter dependent on the arrangement of the source. 92.- A system according to claim 82, further characterized in that it comprises means for filtering a CD component of the registration lines. 93.- A system according to claim 82, further characterized in that it comprises means for subjecting registration lines before said means for transformation to positive displacement in full time. 94.- A system for correcting geometry errors in a set of seismic data recording lines, the registration lines being related to a location of the first element and a location of the second element, one of the element locations being a location of trigger and the other of the element locations being a receiver location, said system comprising: means for assembling a set of record line envelopes per speed block including the information of the shift deposit; means for selecting a seismic event from the set of record line envelopes per velocity block; means for comparing a delay in time between the location of the first element and the location of the second element with a threshold value of delay in time; and means for assigning a geometry correction to at least one of the element locations; dependent on the comparison. 95.- A system according to claim 94, 10 further characterized in that said means for assembling comprise: means for assigning the registration lines to shift deposits and means for applying correction for migration to the registration lines. 96.- A system according to claim 94, further characterized in that said means for assembling comprise: Means for calculating the complex record line envelope of the registration lines of a cluster; means for classifying the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line and a second element, wherein a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said means for calculating and Said means for classifying define a classified array of complex register line envelopes; means for transforming the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; Y '.E £ -, .. means for selecting events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block. 97.- A system according to claim 96, further characterized in that it comprises means for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said means to calculate the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping . 98.- A system according to claim 94, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of registration line envelopes per velocity block comprises: means for transforming the grouping of inclined blocks registration lines and means for detecting maxima. 99.- A system according to claim 94, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per rate block comprise means for changing the direct arrival data and the data in the registration lines after direct arrival and apply a tau-p transformation. 100. A system according to claim 94, further characterized in that said selection comprises means for detecting group maxima. 101. A system according to claim 94, further characterized in that said means for transforming the classified grouping of registration lines into a set of record line envelopes per velocity block comprises applying a tau-p transformation. 102. A system according to claim 94, further characterized in that it comprises means for correcting with respect to divergence the registration lines before said means for transformation. 103. A system according to claim 94, further characterized in that it comprises means for filtering the registration lines with a bandpass filter. 104.- A system according to claim 103, further characterized in that said means for filtering with band pass filter comprise filtering with band pass filter dependent on the arrangement of the source. 105. A system according to claim 94, further characterized in that they comprise means for filtering a CD component of the registration lines. 106. A system according to claim 94, further characterized in that it comprises means for subjecting registration lines before said means for transformation to positive displacement in full time. 107.- A system for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, characterized in that at least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of lines of data. common element registration, said system comprising: means for filtering the registration lines with bandpass filters; means for calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping; means for filtering a CD component of the registration lines; means for classifying the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element and a displacement repository, wherein a classified grouping of registration lines is defined, wherein said means for calculating and said means for classifying define a classified array of complex record line envelopes; means for transforming the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; wherein said registration lines are corrected for divergence before said means for transformation and wherein said registration lines are subjected to positive displacement in total time before said means for transforming; and means for selecting events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block. 108. A system according to claim 107, further characterized in that it comprises means for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping. 109.- A system for automatically correcting geometry errors in seismic data including substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, characterized in that at least one element of the data comprises a trip and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element registration lines, said system comprising: means for filtering with bandpass filter the registration lines, means for calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping, means for filtering a CD component of the registration lines; means for classifying the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element, a displacement deposit, where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said means for calculating and said means for classifying define a classified array of complex record line envelopes; means for transforming the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; wherein said registration lines are corrected for divergence before said means for transformation and wherein said registration lines are subjected to positive displacement in total time before said means for transformation; means for selecting events from the registration line envelopes per velocity block; means for determining the geometry error based on said selection; and means to correct said geometry error. 110.- A system according to claim 109, further characterized in that it comprises means for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping. 111. A system for automatically correcting static errors in seismic data including substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, characterized in that at least one element of the data comprises a trip and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver for a grouping of common element registration lines, said system comprising: means for filtering the registration lines with a bandpass filter; means for calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping; means for filtering a CD component of the registration lines; means for classifying the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element and a displacement deposit where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said means for calculating and said means for classifying define a classified array of complex record line envelopes; means for transforming the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; wherein said registration lines are corrected for divergence before said means for transformation and wherein said registration lines are subjected to positive displacement in total time before said means for transformation, means for selecting events from the envelopes of record line per speed block; means to determine the static error based on said selection; and means to correct said static error. 112. A system according to claim 111, further characterized in that it comprises means for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said calculation of the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the grouping. 113.- A system for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multiple element data, and for correcting geometry and static errors, characterized in that at least one element of the data comprises a trigger and at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element registration lines, said system comprising: means for filtering with bandpass filter registration lines, means for calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the group; means for filtering a CD component of the registration lines; means for classifying the grouping by means of a first element line, a first element, a second element line, a second element and a displacement deposit, where a classified grouping of registration lines is defined; wherein said means for calculating and said means for classifying define a classified array of complex record line envelopes; means for transforming the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; wherein said registration lines are corrected for divergence before said means for transformation and wherein said registration lines are subjected to positive displacement in total time before said means for transformation; and means for selecting events from the registration line envelopes per rate block; means to determine the static error based on said selection; means to correct said static error; means for determining the geometry error based on said selection; and means to correct said geometry error. 114. A system according to claim 113, further characterized in that it comprises means for applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data before said means for calculating the complex registration line envelope of the registration lines of the cluster. . SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Methods for the automatic detection of linear seismic events are provided and the detected events are used for the correction of static and geometry errors; in accordance with an example embodiment, a method is provided for automatically detecting substantially linear seismic events in multi-element data, and for correcting geometry and static errors, wherein at least one element of the data comprises a trigger and for at least one other element of the data comprises a receiver, for a grouping of common element registration lines, the method comprising: filtering with bandpass filter the registration lines, applying a dispersion filter to the direct arrival data; calculate the complex record line envelope of the record lines of the cluster; filter a CD component of the registration lines; classifying the grouping by means of a line of first element, a first element, a first element, a line of second element, a second element and a displacement deposit, wherein a classified grouping of registration lines is defined, wherein said calculation and such classification define a classified grouping of complex record line envelopes; transform the classified grouping of complex record line envelopes into a set of record line envelopes per rate block; wherein said registration lines are corrected for divergence before said transformation and wherein said registration lines are subjected to positive displacement in full time before said transformation, choosing events from the registration line envelopes per block of speed; determine the static error based on said selection; correct said static error; determine the geometry error based on said selection; and correct said geometry error. P99 / 1594F JT / mmr * mvh * jtc * sll * ald * lrb * fpm.