MXPA00000228A - Improvements to disposable garments to be use as bibs and also for surgical uses - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invent refers to the elaboration of garments that in their exterior part are highly absorbent to fluid substances and moderately viscous ones, while in their interior part they are made of a permeable surface to water, vapor and air as well as blood, avoiding with this the transmission of said liquids to the user's body, being also disposable and of low cost. These improvements are achieved developing the garments with a light and resistant material to the forces of tearing and traction consisting on non-woven fabrics whose fibrous constitution is polyester and rayon or a mixture between them (ideally 50%-50%), plastifying the inner surface with a thin layer of polyethylene or polypropylene, melted and adhered to the fabric by cooling means. Said garments are useful to be elaborated as bibs for breast-fed babies, as well as children or adults that are submitted into dental treatments and for those patients submitted under surgical operations. And they can be advantageously even for the medical personnel that perform this operations in garments such as white coats or overalls.

Description

IMPROVEMENTS TO DISPOSABLE GARMENTS TO BE USED AS BRAIDS AND SURGICAL USES " BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Regardless of the multiple uses as mentioned in the Excerpt of the invention, today three types of garments have been developed mainly to meet these objectives, and which are the following: 1 .- Fabric with terrycloth surfaces based on curls or loops, such as towels to dry from water, in order to absorb liquids or medium viscosity substances. 2. - Of thin rubber, approximately 0.40 to 0.90 mm. of thickness, being that this way drains the liquids or other substances, not allowing its transmination to the user, and 3. - Mixed, that is to say, they are made with a terry cloth type towel and covered one or both surfaces with thin rubber.

The first type of garment, as is known, has been the basis of the later ones, with the advantage that when they are made of a hygroscopic fiber such as cotton and its mixtures with other homologous synthetic fibers, such as polyester, they allow a absorption of very fluid or moderately viscous liquids. In addition, the average twist of the yarns used in the manufacture of these fabrics and the inherent constitution of curls and loops in the fabric, facilitates said absorption while at the same time providing softness and user comfort.

However, one of the main disadvantages of these garments is that, given their physical constitution, the elimination of residues or stains present in eBa, it is difficult and therefore increases in a cost to keep them clean at the same time as the time and the times it is washed, its structure deteriorates.

AND! second type of garments allows an easy elimination of waste, since these tend to drain and do not impregnate on its surface, but since they consist of fairly thick rubber, they constantly produce a permanent sweat on the body of the user with their respective drawbacks and also they should not be manipulated abruptly to avoid tears, for example, not allowing in many cases their long duration. It can also be found that they are easily combusted by fire.

In the case of the third type of garments, a highly draining surface with its respective advantages is obtained by the rubber cover, as well as a stable body by the terry cloth based on a towel, however, it has the disadvantage that when using two types of material, such as rubber and cloth, the cost of these increases.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION With the type of garments developed in the present invention based on non-woven fabrics, in which one of its surfaces is plasticized by a layer of polyethylene or polypropylene, melted, capable of adhering by contact with pressure cylinders at low temperature, The following improvements and advantages are obtained: 1. - Garments can be easily made such as: bibs for the asymmetry of nursing infants at the moment of feeding them; bibs for children and adults who are operated odontologically or surgically; protective gowns for doctors; aprons for housewives and all those garments that help avoid getting stained with liquids such as water, blood, or moderately viscous substances. 2. - Because the fabrics are non-woven from a hygroscopic material and resistant to traction and tearing, as is the polyester and rayon used, these allow to absorb all those substances that are flowable or moderately viscous; while they retain and do not allow the trapsmination of said substances to the body of the user, since the inner surface plasticized with polyethylene or polypropylene is impermeable to water, steam, and air. 3. - The non-woven fabrics used to make this type of garment are generally very thin (approximately 0.20 mm), which brings a fairly light weight per square meter (54 to 66 grams). This has as an advantage the easy preparation of the garments and the comfort of the user. 4. - Since they are disposable, the constant work of washing is avoided.

. - The garments are accessible to the user because of their low cost. 6. - They are totally hygienic and reliable, since they can also be completely sterilized by any convenient and known method.

In order to develop garments to avoid staining clothes or body of the user of different substances, an alternative product has been developed to the existing ones and has as main advantages e! be deeechable, and inexpensive.

The process begins with the specialized treatment of a non-woven fabric (non-oven), whose fibrological base composition is polyester, rayon, or their mixtures between them.

These types of fibers have been selected, given that their physical, chemical and mechanical properties, well known to a person skilled in the art, allow obtaining a highly hygroscopic nonwoven fabric at the same time as its resistance to tearing and traction. , allow you to comply with the caEdad specifications that fully satisfy the requirements of the garments that are made.

To cite some of these properties of fibers, we find that the pofester, a synthetic fiber has a percentage of "Regain" (absorption to water) of 3.0% and a Tenacity "(resistance to traction) whose value is 8.4 grsytex; while the rayon, an artificial fiber has the values of 13% regain and 3.2 grs./tex of tenacity respectively, as well as the melting point of both fibers.

\ The fibrological composition of the non-woven fabrics can be from 100% polyester, 100% rayon, or mixtures between both fibers such as 65% polyester - 35% rayon; 80% polyester - 20% rayon; etc ... being an optimum value of mixture the average term, that is to say, 50% polyester - 50% rayon.

It should be noted that it is necessary and advisable to know in advance, the application or use that the non-woven fabric will have on the garment to be made, for example, whether it will be for a bib for a baby or for a surgical garment, and that of this In this way, the fibrological base composition of the non-woven fabric can be selected better and more adequately, as well as completely sterilizing the garment after it has been made.

The advantage of using fibers made by man, is that they are of lower cost and with properties similar or slightly better than other natural fibers of the plant kingdom, for example, cotton.

As for the thickness of the non-woven fabric, it is handled in recommended values from 0.20 mm to 0.50 mm, giving this a weight per square meter, according to 1_v4X-CC-A-72-1999-INNTEX "of 54 grs. up to 66 grs.

Next, the plasticizing process of the non-woven fabric is started with polyethylene or polypropylene, and adhered by cooling as indicated below.

In fig.1 the roll of the non-woven fabric (1) is placed in the support or "easel" (2), the roll has a turn caused from the folder (8) in order to move the fabric over the table (3) and below the electric tank (5) containing the polyethylene or polypropylene, melted, having to keep it at 400 ° C, and which spills this substance on the fabric that runs at a speed of 15 meters per minute approximately. Next, the fabric is subjected to the pressure of a pair of rollers with rubber coated surfaces (8) in order to guarantee the impregnation of the melted polyethylene or polypropylene on the upper part of the fabric; this pressure is normally 210 kg.fea / cm2. Likewise, with said impregnation pressure, a squeezing of the fabric is ensured which avoids the unnecessary accumulation of polyethylene or polypropylene, as the case may be.

Immediately, the fabric comes into contact with a pair of hollow metal cylinders (7), in which the surfaces are at a freezing temperature, lower than 4 ° C below zero, and whose drastic temperature change, from the 400 ° C to -4 ° C, causes fa plasticization and adhesion of polyethylene or polypropylene on the nonwoven fabric.

Subsequently and to finish the treatment of the non-woven fabric, it is rolled up by a folder (8), which is accumulated by the cloth and plasticized.

It is necessary to note that the control of the speed of displacement of the fabric must be maintained with care, since an excess would cause a high tension with the consequent risk of tearing the fabric, at the same time that the amount of polyethylene would not be spilled. or polypropylene necessary and convenient across the width and length of it. Otherwise, there would be an excess of piastifying matter on its surface.

If necessary, once a surface of the fabric is plasticized, it is left to a check or roller press, in order to print the necessary figures on the other surface, such as children's figures for making bibs. children; with the aitemativa that said impression is before the plasticized.

With the accumulation of plasticized polyethylene or polypropylene, the fabric has an increase in weight per square meter of approximately 1.5 to 2.0 grs / m2. and a layer thickness of 0.02 mm.

The production of this nonwoven fabric and plasticized, favors the preparation of any type of clothing mentioned above. In the case of bibs, the fabrics are softened in the appropriate shape and dimensions, according to the age of the user, being able to form in the lower part a container bag for food waste.

With the inclusion of self-adhesive and removable boots on the shoulders, the bib can be fastened to the user's shoulders. Labels with double-layer glue are also placed on the central part of the bib so that it can more easily adhere to the baby's chest and thus avoid its constant movement.

In the case of garments for any surgical use, these must be completely sterilized by any convenient and known method, in order to guarantee the hygiene of the user.

In fig.2 the position of the self-adhesive labels (2) can be shown in more detail with the bib (1).

Claims (14)

CLAIMS Having sufficiently described my invention, I consider as a novelty and therefore claim as my exclusive property, what is contained in the following clauses:

1. - A method to plasticize one or both surfaces of non-woven fabric with polyethylene or polypropylene, melted, and adhered by cooling, making them completely impermeable to water, steam, and air.

2. - The method according to claim 1, in which the melted polyethylene or poty-propylene must have a temperature of 400 ° C.

3. - The method according to claim 1, wherein the cooling temperature must be -4 ° C.

4. - The method according to claim 1, wherein the speed of displacement of the fabric should be 15 m / min.

5. - The method according to claim 1, wherein the pressure of adhesion and impregnation should be 210 kg.fza / cm2.

6, - Non-woven fabrics with one of their surfaces plasticized with polyethylene or polypropylene, melted, and adhered by cooling, which is totally impermeable to water, steam, and air.

7. - The non-woven fabrics according to claim 6, wherein the other surface is stamped with various figures, or not stamped. And it is also an absorbent surface of liquids and mildly viscous substances.

8. - Garments made with non-woven fabrics with the lower surface plasticized with polyethylene or polypropylene, melted, and adhered by cooling, which is totally impermeable to water, steam, and air, and the upper surface is absorbing liquids and substances moderately viscose to avoid staining the clothes or body of the user, previously sterilized by any convenient and known method.

9. - The garments made according to claim 8, which are bibs with a lower bag of food waste for the augmentation of nursing infants.

10. - The garments made according to claim 8, which are bibs for children or adults of all sizes and models, which are subjected to dental treatments and surgical interventions.

11. - The garments made according to claim 8, which are sheets to cover the user during surgical interventions preventing staining of blood by the transmination of it.

12. - Garments made in accordance with claim 8, which are sheets for users during delivery.

13. - The garments made according to claim 8, which are gowns, pants, shirts, camisoles, skirts and coveralls for medical personnel involved in dental treatments and surgeries.

14. - Garments made according to claim 8, which are aprons for housewives.