MXPA00000136A - Method for making a composition for producing corks, composition and cork comprising same - Google Patents
Method for making a composition for producing corks, composition and cork comprising sameInfo
- Publication number
- MXPA00000136A MXPA00000136A MXPA/A/2000/000136A MXPA00000136A MXPA00000136A MX PA00000136 A MXPA00000136 A MX PA00000136A MX PA00000136 A MXPA00000136 A MX PA00000136A MX PA00000136 A MXPA00000136 A MX PA00000136A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- granules
- further characterized
- cork
- composition
- suberin
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000002381 Plasma Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001902 propagating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013334 alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 235000014171 carbonated beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- KCDXJAYRVLXPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Syringaldehyde Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC(OC)=C1O KCDXJAYRVLXPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000014961 Protein Precursors Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010078762 Protein Precursors Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 210000004027 cells Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- -1 ceroids Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N precursor Substances N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VSMOENVRRABVKN-MRVPVSSYSA-N 1-Octen-3-ol Natural products CCCCC[C@H](O)C=C VSMOENVRRABVKN-MRVPVSSYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCVOGSZTONGSQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-Trichloroanisole Chemical compound COC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C=C1Cl WCVOGSZTONGSQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guaiacol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1O LHGVFZTZFXWLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008289 Quercus suber Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016977 Quercus suber Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000020097 white wine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001075 (4R,4aR,8aS)-4,8a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalen-4a-ol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HOLHYSJJBXSLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dichlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl HOLHYSJJBXSLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFYXNXGVLGKVCJ-FBIMIBRVSA-N 2-methylisoborneol Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@](C)(O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C LFYXNXGVLGKVCJ-FBIMIBRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930007889 2-methylisoborneol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- JLPUXFOGCDVKGO-TUAOUCFPSA-N Geosmin Chemical compound C1CCC[C@]2(O)[C@@H](C)CCC[C@]21C JLPUXFOGCDVKGO-TUAOUCFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001867 Guaiacol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019987 cider Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004059 degradation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930001467 geosmin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002803 maceration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019520 non-alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention concerns a method for making a composition for producing corks, characterised in that it consists of the following steps:a) grinding cork sheets into small size granules;b) decomposing said granules into granules with high lignin content and granules with high suberin content;c) separating the granules rich in lignin from the granules rich in suberin so as to retain only the granules rich in suberin. The invention also concerns a composition containing cork granules rich in suberin and a cork comprising such a composition.
Description
PROCEDURE TO MANUFACTURE A COMPOSITION THAT CAN BE USED TO PRODUCE PLUGS, COMPOSITION AND PLUG THAT INCLUDE SUCH COMPOSITION
DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY
In a general manner, the present invention relates to the manufacture of cork-based stoppers, and more particularly, to a process for the manufacture of a composition that can be used for production
of plugs. Also, it refers to a composition and a stopper comprising that composition, the stopper is intended to seal bottles of alcoholic or non-alcoholic beverages, such as for example, wines, effervescent or non-foaming beverages, spirits, ciders and beverages
Carbonates containing fruit. The cork, from which the plugs are made, is a vegetal tissue produced by the cork oak felogen; It consists of dead cells that have an alveolar structure. These cells are filled with gas, a composition that is very close to the air. In essence, the cork is composed of approximately 45% of suberin, which is the main constituent of the alveolar cells, around 27% of fibrous structure lignin, which is found as inclusion in the channels or on the surface of the bark , around 12% cellulose and
** - ^^ ^ A ^^^ mK ~ i? ".- lvÉt -ü, á .- ^. ^ ^ ^ TfifFÉEFFE ^^^^ -j approximately 17% of other products, such as ceroids, tannins, inorganic substances and Cork is a good material to cover and keep effervescent or non-frothy drinks, especially wines or other bottled alcohols, since it is a compressible substance that has sufficient elasticity, impermeability and is hydrophobic, the cork contains around 5% of moisture, but it is slow to hydrate, has sufficient gas impermeability to allow wines or alcohols to age properly without rust, however, cork is a natural substance that has defects to a greater or lesser degree. They consist of channels that have lignified walls or lignin inclusions, have a deleterious effect on the elasticity and impermeability of the cap, and contain substances, or precursors thereof, that during aging can give to bottled and covered wines or spirits an undesirable flavor, called "cork flavor". It is possible to distinguish around 7 quality categories for cork-based stoppers, which are distributed on a scale ranging from 0 for the best cork quality, virtually flawless, to 6 for the lowest cork quality, which It has a large proportion of defects. To try to eliminate the disadvantages already mentioned, related to the effects of natural cork of medium or low quality, while at the same time maintaining a relatively low cost of manufacturing
In contrast to the solution consisting of the manufacture of stoppers from a high quality natural cork without any defects, the manufacturers of stoppers have produced agglomerated stoppers consisting of cork particles. of medium or low quality a binder or adhesive that provides cohesion to the plugs. Compound plugs are also known, an example of which is described in document FR 2,672,002. Said plug consists mainly of a powder of a woody plant substance, which comes especially from cork, expanded plastic microspheres and a food grade adhesive. However, agglomerated stoppers, although economic in their manufacture, have psychochemical and mechanical properties that are significantly inferior to those of natural cork stoppers, and therefore can not be used for the preservation of wines or alcohols intended to age in bottles. In addition, as with the above-mentioned composite plugs, the use of agglomerated stoppers does not prevent a cork flavor from forming in wines and bottled and capped alcohols using such plugs. To lessen the aforementioned disadvantages, the present invention provides a novel process for the manufacture of a composition that can be used to produce plugs, and that said
The composition makes possible, in particular, the elimination of risks of a cork flavor forming in bottled alcohols. More particularly, the process according to the invention includes the following steps: a) the cork sheets are ground into small granules, b) said cork granules are broken down into granules having a high content of lignin and in granules having a high suberin content, and c) the lignin-rich granules are separated from the suberin-rich granules to retain only the suberin-rich granules in said composition. Several studies have made it possible to identify certain substances, contained in the cork, from which the stoppers are produced, which has an adverse effect on the wine and give a cork flavor. The main substances identified are: 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (2,4-TCA) 2,5-dimethylpyrazine 2-methylthio-3-ethylpyrazine 4-ethylphenol • 2,6-dichlorophenol geosmin guaiacol 1 -octen-3-one • 1-octen-3-ol • 2-methylisoborneol. These mentioned substances, even at low concentrations, give the wines unacceptable flavors. These substances or their precursors are located in the woody parts of the cork; therefore, the content of trichloroanisole in the cork increases when it is directed towards the bark of the cork oak (lignified part). Guaiacol is produced by the action of bacteria in lignin. The other substances mentioned are, as precursors, the tannins, bacteria or molds that are preferably found in lignin or lignified channels. In this way, according to the invention, a composition is produced which can be used to make stoppers almost without lignin. As will be explained below with the help of test results, the stoppers produced from said composition and used to cover bottles of wines or alcohols, therefore will not transmit in any way an unpleasant taste, called cork flavor, to the aged wines and spirits. According to a characteristic of the process according to the invention, the cork granules obtained in step a) by grinding have a size between 3 and 8 mm. According to a preferred embodiment for carrying out the process according to the invention, the cork granules are decomposed in step b) by means of shock waves propagating in said granules, the speed of propulsion of these waves of shock is different in compounds of different density. This method of decomposition by shock waves can be contemplated in the present, since the suberin and the lignin have different densities. Conveniently, according to the invention, shock waves can be produced by a plasma created in an aqueous medium. To do this, one method consists of immersing the cork granules that will decompose in an aqueous medium that constitutes the means for the propagation of shock waves in said granules. The method is the following. The cork granules obtained by grinding are placed in a test chamber (the measurements of an experimental pilot of which are: height equal to about 40 mm and diameter equal to approximately 200 mm), and this test chamber is placed under compression in a tank full of water. An electric arc is created in the water contained in the tank by charging capacitors and then by releasing the stored capacitive energy in the form of pulsed discharges. The electric arc created between the two poles of an electrode immersed in the water results in the formation of a plasma that induces shock waves, which propagate at different speeds in the compounds of density other than the cork granules.
The mechanical stress generated by the passage of shock waves in the boundary between two different compounds, in this case suberin and lignin, allows them to separate. The means to propagate the shock waves in the cork granules that will decompose may also be air instead of water. In this case, the shock waves will be transmitted to the granules by means of a flexible membrane that separates them from the electrode, which is always placed in an aqueous medium with the purpose of forming the plasma that generates said waves. In accordance with other embodiments of the method according to the invention, shock waves can be produced by explosion or decompression. According to other characteristics of the process according to the invention, the granules rich in suberin can be separated from the lignin-rich granules in step c) by flotation or centrifugation or even by diffusion. The process according to the invention includes for convenience an additional step consisting in the mixture of isolated suberine-rich granules with a binder which can be, for example, a food-grade adhesive of the polyurethane or acrylic type. Also, the invention relates to a composition produced using the aforementioned process according to the invention, which can be used for the manufacture of plugs and includes granules rich in suberin. Various tests were performed on three different granule loads. The first load, A, includes initial cork granules obtained by grinding (normal cork). The second charge, S, includes suberin-rich granules obtained according to the aforementioned process for the composition according to the invention. The third charge, L, includes the waste of the process according to the invention, that is, the granules rich in lignin. A density measurement and a chemical analysis were carried out on the three different granule loads. The chemical analysis consists in the oxidation of the granules of the various charges with nitrobenzene, and in the measurement of the concentration of degradation products resulting from oxidation and more particularly the concentration of lignin expressed in syringaldehyde which, in all probability, comes exclusively from the degradation of lignin. In addition, the organoleptic analysis was carried out in the granules of the various loads by maceration in a neutral white wine. The results of the various measurements and analyzes are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1
Note: the percentages in the table are given with respect to load A. * The organoleptic analysis was carried out with respect to a load of normal agglomerated cork stoppers. It is apparent in Table 1 that the granules of the S charge (which are rich in suberine) have a density less than 90 k / m3 and a concentration of lignin expressed in syringaldehyde of about 0.46 g / l, which is about 15% less than that of the initial cork granules of the charge A. These two results clearly show that the granules of the charge S, which are those of the composition according to the invention, have a high content of suberin (a concentration of suberine close to 100%). In contrast, the granules of the L charge have a density of approximately 131 k / m3, which is greater than the density of the initial cork granules. The lignin concentration of these, expressed in syringaldehyde, is approximately 0.66 g / l, which is about 22% greater than that of the initial cork granules. This clearly shows that the granules of the charge L have a high content of lignin. It will be evident that the results of the chemical analysis, in particular the concentration of lignin expressed in syringaldehyde, of course depends on the concentration of lignin of the initial charge of normal cork granules. Therefore, the concentration values of syringaldehyde indicated for the charges S and L in Table 1 are not important in the absolute sense, but should be compared with the concentration value of syringaldehyde indicated for the initial load A. The same chemical analysis was carried out on other loads of granules rich in suberin obtained by using the process according to the invention from various loads of normal cork. The results of the analysis obtained make it possible to state that, in a load of granules enriched with suberin by the process according to the invention, the concentration of lignin (expressed in syringaldehyde) was reduced by an amount of between 15% and 50% with with respect to the lignin concentration of the initial normal cork granules, while the concentration of lignin (expressed in syringaldehyde) of the waste load increased by an amount of between 20% and 100% with respect to the syringaldehyde concentration of 20 the initial cork granules. With respect to the organoleptic test, the scales shown in Table 1 were provided to indicate the proximity of the test of the
granules in question with a control that has the value 0 (neutral white wine isolated). As the results in Table 1 show, the granules of the S charge are close to the control - a neutral taste. The granules of the L charge are very different from the control, with a terrestrial, humid and dust scale. The granules of the load A are in an intermediate position, with a scale of pulverized cork. Therefore, it is apparent that the suberin-rich granules obtained by the process according to the invention and forming part of the composition according to the invention have markedly superior organoleptic characteristics to those of the granules of the L-charge, which are granules. of waste rich in lignin. Furthermore, in the composition according to the invention, the suberine-rich granules are conveniently mixed with a binder which is preferably a food-grade adhesive of the polyurethane or acrylic type. In this way, the plugs manufactured from said composition have good mechanical and sealing properties. The cost of carrying out the process according to the invention to obtain said composition for producing plugs is reasonable.
Claims (17)
1. - A process for the manufacture of a composition that can be used for the production of plugs, which includes the following steps: a) the cork sheets are milled into small granules, b) said cork granules are decomposed into granules that have a high content of lignin and in granules having a high suberin content, and c) the lignin-rich granules are separated from the suberin-rich granules to retain only the suberin-rich granules in said composition.
2. The process according to claim 1, further characterized in that the cork granules obtained in step a) by grinding have a size between 3 and 8 mm.
3. The process according to claims 1 and 2, further characterized in that the cork granules are decomposed in step b) by shock waves that propagate in said granules, the propagation speed of the shock waves that is different in the compounds of different density.
4. The method according to claim 3, further characterized in that the shock waves are produced by a plasma created in an aqueous medium. * * ^ - .. ^ Mifc. -flmy. . ^^ I ^ É ^
5. - The method according to claim 4, further characterized in that the means for propagating the shock waves in the cork granules is the aqueous medium itself in which the granules are immersed.
6. The method according to claim 4, further characterized in that the means for propagating the shock waves in the cork granules is air, the shock waves that are transmitted to the granules by a flexible membrane that separates them from the cork granules. an electrode placed in the aqueous medium for the purpose of forming the plasma that generates said waves.
7. The method according to claim 3, further characterized in that the shock waves are produced by explosion.
8. The method according to claim 3, further characterized in that shock waves are produced by decompression.
9. The process according to one of claims 1 to 8, further characterized in that the separation step c) is performed by flotation.
10. The process according to one of claims 1 to 8, further characterized in that the separation step c) is performed by centrifugation. g ^ ^ j - »« ~ jutJri? isttteá n ^^ ^^ || ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡
11. - The method according to one of claims 1 to 8, further characterized in that the separation step c) is carried out by diffusion.
12. The process according to one of claims 1 to 11, further characterized in that it comprises an additional step consisting of the mixture of granules rich in suberin isolated with a binder that can be, for example, a food-grade adhesive of the polyurethane or acrylic type.
13. A composition produced by the process according to any of claims 1 to 12, further characterized in that it can be used for the manufacture of plugs, including granules rich in suberin.
14. The composition according to claim 13, further characterized in that the granules rich in suberin have a density less than 90 k / m3.
15. The composition according to any of claims 13 and 14, further characterized in that said granules rich in suberin are mixed with a binder.
16. The composition according to claim 15, further characterized in that the binder is a food grade adhesive of the polyurethane or acrylic type.
17. A cap intended for sealing bottles or effervescent or non-foaming alcoholic drinks or carbonated drinks, comprising the composition according to one of claims 13 to 16.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR97/08111 | 1997-06-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MXPA00000136A true MXPA00000136A (en) | 2001-11-21 |
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