MXNL06000059A - 3 in 1 additive for combustoleum and coke. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is related to an additive for combustoleum, residual oil, coke and particularly fuel with high contents of sulfur and vanadium. The additive includes micronized magnesium oxide with a high reactivity, a combustion catalyst, a surfactant, a dispersing agent, an anti-sedimenting agent and various hydrocarbons as diluting media. The formula also includes surfactant, fluidizing, dispersing and solvent materials combined together in a balanced manner, which synergistic effect provides a global treatment regarding problems related to the combustoleum combustion, handle and storage.

Description

"Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 in 1" DESCRIPTION OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The electric power generated worldwide, is produced in approximately 70% using heavy fuel oils as the main energy source; to the extent that natural gas is more scarce as a result of the decrease and exploitation of new oil wells, the consumption of the Combustoleo will be greater. Being the Combustoleo many more abundant and cheaper than natural gas, it has however the disadvantage of being a fuel very contaminated with harmful and corrosive materials, highlighting among them: the asphaltenes, which cause the difficulties to handle and burn the Combustoleo since they form sludge that settle in storage tanks, clog pipes and nozzles, increase viscosity, cause erratic flows and consequently poor atomization; sulfur, which produces pollutant and corrosive gases with the excess of air, such as the sulfuric acid S03 that corrodes the low temperature zones in the boilers and forms the acid mist in the environment; vanadium, which forms salts of low melting point that are embedded and corrode high temperature zones in boilers. • To combat the disadvantages of the Combustoleo, a 3-in-1 additive was developed, acting at the pre-flame, flame and post-fire levels in a single product.

BACKGROUND At present, the conventional additives used for products such as fuel oil, exert a post-flame action on the equipment in which they are applied, in addition to requiring pumps and other tools for their application in the. furnaces, boilers and other equipment that are applied. Generally, this leads to the. need to apply more than one additive at the time of use, so, obviously, the costs of the final product are affected, likewise, its application requires staff to be dosing said additives. In order to eliminate these problems and attack other problems arising from the handling of hydrocarbons with high content of sulfur and vanadium, as well as the undesirable gums / polymers that produce these fuels, the development of the present product was intended, which is intended to protect means of the present application, since it is an additive that acts in the three phases of a process of combustion, pre-flame, flame and post-flame, working in a more efficient even that applying the known additives that only act in the period after the flame and those that act at the time of the flame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 in 1 is a suspension of magnesium oxide with a large specific surface that provides a high reactivity, to which organometallic compounds have been incorporated, which enhance the rectification of the magnesium oxide. The formulation also has surfactant, fluidifying, dispersing and solvent materials, all of them combined in a balanced way, whose synergic effect ensures an overall treatment of the problems of combustion, handling and storage of the Combustoleo. Its physical and chemical properties are: viscosity at 37.8 ° C (100 ° F) 148-152 SUS, Density at 25 ° C from 1.44 to 1.52 Kg / liter, Magnesium Oxide 50% by weight, Inflammation Temperature of 63-66 ° C, Ashes of 53.0-55.0% by weight. 1 - The pre-flame characteristics. they refer to the properties of the additive to combat the negative effects of the Combustoleo during its storage and handling through pumps, filters and heaters before reaching the burner nozzles. 2. In the properties for flames, there are combustion catalysts that help to improve the efficiency of the Combustoleo to take advantage of the calorific value of the fuel to the maximum; a tense-active material that decreases the surface tension of the Combustoleo in order to produce a smaller droplet size favoring combustion without resorting to prohibitive air excesses; It also helps to avoid the formation of soot and the production of hydrocarbons in the gases in the chimney. 3. As a post-flame additive, it is counted in the formula with materials that inhibit the formation of acid and / or fouling materials. Sulfur and vanadium in the Combustoleo are oxidized during combustion, providing oxides that cause acid rain (S03) and fouling fouling (V205). To avoid this, the additive has micronized magnesium oxide (MgO) dispersed with the rest of the components of the additive. Magnesium oxide combines with vanadium pentoxide, inhibiting its catalytic action, avoiding the oxidation of sulfur to sulfur trioxide (S03); in this way the sulfur remains as S02 leaving the atmosphere with the rest of the gases without forming acid rain and without depositing in the cold parts of the equipment. The name is derived from its properties as a pre-flame additive. additive for flame and post-flame additive. In the formulation of the additive, antipolymerizers are included, which prevent the formation of rubbery materials; solvents that allow better fluidization of the fuel; dispersants that allow a good homogenization of the active components of the additive.

For its manufacture it is required to incorporate all the ingredients except the magnesium oxide in a mixer of high revolutions and with blades cut at 45 degrees to break with the viscous resistances of some components. Subsequently, the magnesium oxide is incorporated and the mixture is passed through a colloidal mill to maintain the particle size of the solid components and break any tendency of agglutination. This product can be added directly to the Combustoleo through a homogenization process and it remains dispersed with an extraordinary stability thanks to its chemical formulation. The invention consists of a variety of combustion catalysts of sulfur and vanadium inhibiting surfactants, all of them in the form of a stable suspension. To improve the flow properties, the invention incorporates a surfactant material and various suitable solvents into its formulation. They are petroleum derivatives so they are miscible and fully compatible with the hydrocarbons that form the fuel oil and the catalytic residual oils. This addition to combustoleo and catalytic residual oil makes it easier to store and handle fuels while preventing the sedimentation, accumulation and clogging of viscous residues typical of heavy petroleum distillates. To modify the atomization characteristics in the burner nozzles, the invention includes a detergent surfactant material of the alkyl sulfonate type also derived from petroleum generally obtained from the process for obtaining the benzenesulphonic acids. The surfactant is treated before being incorporated into the invention (additive) to guarantee its neutral or slightly alkaline nature, since any traces of acidity destroy some of the components of the invention (it reacts with the alkaline components of the additive). The surfactant material modifies the surface tension of the fuel, allowing a better atomization to achieve a much smaller drop size which in turn increases the efficiency of combustion. For the same reason, the formation of unburned hydrocarbons in the flue gas as well as the formation of soot is eliminated. Additionally, by achieving a better atomization it is possible to reduce excess air. The invention includes a combustion catalyst that is an organic salt with an alkaline earth also derived from petroleum and that allows to accelerate the combustion speed contributing to increase the thermal efficiency of the fuel and eliminate that part of the Nox that is formed with small speeds of combustion. Finally, the invention (additive) contains a highly reactive micronized magnesium oxide obtained from a part of the calcination process of the ceramic magnesium oxide industry.

The oxide forming part of the invention is removed from the calcination process before it is vitrified to retain its reactivity. Subsequently, this industry micronized it, achieving a high surface area in its particles. Magnesium oxide can be replaced by a metal organism if the cost allows it. This component inhibits the reactivity of vanadium, which, by eliminating its catalytic effect on sulfur, prevents the formation of sulfur trioxide, which causes acid corrosion on equipment metals and acid rain in the chimney smokes. On the other hand, by inhibiting the catalytic action of vanadium, the formation of corrosive crusts characteristic of vanadium is avoided. This last characteristic of the invention (additive) applies to the case of coke.

FIELD TESTING The measurement of the pH of the ash is a good parameter to observe the effectiveness of the product. pH No additive 2.5 Limit for corrosion > 3.5 With additive 4.5 These tests have been done in Papelera Maldonado since March 2003 to date. The measurement of the level of corrosion is another parameter, where it has been found in the cold part of the boiler, where without additive excessive corrosion is present and with the additive there is no corrosion. On the other hand, the incrustations in the hot part of the boiler where, without additive there is the formation of corrosive and tenacious layers that require the use of brushes, with the additive there is no formation. The aforementioned characteristics are possible thanks to the formulation consisting of: a) a catalyst in a proportion of 5 to 10% by weight, preferably composed of an organic calcium salt b) a surfactant in a proportion of 10 to 20% in weight, preferably composed of a detergent of the sodium alkyl sulfonate type c) a dispersant of 2 to 5% by weight, preferably a triglyceride d) a stabilizer in a proportion of 1 to 5% by weight, preferably composed of a mixture of acids fatty acids e) an inhibitor of sulfur and vanadium in a proportion of at least 50%, preferably composed of micronized magnesium oxide of high reactivity f) a medium hydrocarbon solvent to complete 100%, preferably selected from diesel, kerosene and naphtha light It is worth mentioning that its use is mainly as anti-fouling, anticorrosive, anti-settling, antipolymerizing, fluidizing and combustion catalyst.

Claims (11)

1. CLAIMS Having described my invention enough, I consider it as a novelty and therefore claim as my exclusive property, what is contained in the following clauses: 1. - "Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 en 1" characterized in that it comprises: a) a catalyst in a proportion of 5 to 10% by weight b) a surfactant in a proportion of 10 to 20% by weight c) a dispersant of 2 to 5% by weight d) a stabilizer in a proportion of 1 to 5% by weight e) an inhibitor of sulfur and vanadium in a proportion of at least 50% f) a medium hydrocarbon solvent to complete 100%, preferably selected of diesel, kerosene and light naphtha. 2. Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 in 1 according to claim 1"characterized in that it has a viscosity of 148 to 152 SUS at a temperature of 37.8 ° C (100 ° F), a density at 25 ° C of 1.44 a 1.52 Kg / liter, an Inflammation temperature of 63-66 ° C and Ashes of 53.0-55.0% by weight 3.- Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 in 1 according to claim 1"characterized because it is completely miscible in combustoleo , coke, hydrocarbons and catalytic residual oils 4.- Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 in 1 according to claim 1"characterized in that the catalyst is preferably composed of an organic calcium salt 5.- Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 en 1 according to claim 1, characterized in that the surfactant is preferably composed of a detergent of the sodium alkyl sulfonate type 6.- Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 in 1 according to claim 1, characterized in that the dispersant is preferred. 7. A triglyceride 7. Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 in 1 according to claim 1, characterized in that the stabilizer is preferably composed of a mixture of fatty acids. 8. Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 in 1 according to claim 1, characterized in that the sulfur and vanadium inhibitor is preferably composed of micronized magnesium oxide of high reactivity 9. - Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 in 1 according to claim 1 characterized in that the medium hydrocarbon solvent is preferably selected from diesel, kerosene and light naphtha. 10. A process for the manufacture of an Additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 according to claim 1, characterized in that the following steps: a) incorporate all the ingredients except the magnesium oxide in a high-speed mixer and cut blades at 45 degrees to break with the viscous resistances of some components b) incorporate the magnesium oxide and pass the mixture through a colloid mill to maintain the particle size of the solid components and break any tendency of agglutination. 11. The use of the additive for Combustoleo and Coke 3 in 1 according to claim 1, for the manufacture of an anti-fouling, anticorrosive, anti-settling, anti-polymerizing, fluidizing and combustion catalyst agent.