MX2015006664A - Floors and platforms for airports. - Google Patents

Abstract

Described is a remain overnight runway for aircrafts, which comprises: (a) a runway structure 10 placed over (b) a ground 30 reinforced with inclusions, where the runway structure 10 comprises: (i) a concrete slab 11, with biaxial pre-stress strength, (ii) a waterproof system 12, which comprises a plurality of materials, (iii) a simple concrete template 13; (iv) a geotextile layer 14; (v) a sub-base layer 15 of a compacted material, (vi) a subgrade layer 16 made of a compacted lime-clayish-sandy material, (viii) an embankment layer 17 made of a lime-sandy-tezontle (volcanic rock) material; (viii) a mesh 18 for stabilizing the ground; and (ix) a geotextile layer 19 located over the reinforced ground with a plurality of concrete inclusions.

Description

FLOORS AND PLATFORMS FOR INSTALLATIONS AIRPORTS BACKGROUND. 1. Field of the invention.

The present invention relates to a runway for aircraft and platform for airport facilities, of cellular concrete and post-tensioned. Particularly tracks and platforms different from runways / takeoffs of airports built on marshy land. 2. General background of the invention.

For the construction of airports, many hectares that can house runways and buildings are required. However, these lands are scarce due to the growth needs of the cities. Therefore, modern airports are being built away from cities, particularly on swampy land. In some, cases even at sea. These lands have a significantly lower cost compared to land that is used for farming and livestock.

However, the construction in swamp lands implies high technical complications and challenges. The main one concerns the sinking of the tracks. The soils of the marshes are highly clayey and have a high water content. These lands have a high compressibility and very low density. In contrast, tracks and aircraft have a higher density than the density of the terrain. As a result, the terrain inevitably sinks.

On the other hand, runways and airport platforms require certain Features to operate properly. It is desirable that the surface of said tracks and platforms remain substantially planar, that is to say that they preserve a suitable surface throughout their length and width. However, the greater density of the runway and airships with respect to the terrain causes sinking, as a result, valleys and craters form or the runways are acucharan in the surface of greater contact of the same. In the rainy season the problem increases. The water that stagnates in the sunken areas of the tracks forms puddles. Such waterlogging makes aircraft maneuvers risky, which is why they are considered unacceptable. In addition, the water penetrates the subsoil, filters under the track and produces sinkholes that also damage the track.

To solve the aforementioned problems, several solutions have been proposed. A first solution is to use materials that contain soil stabilization and stabilization agents. Thus, for example, U.S. Patent No. 4,334,798 describes a method for filling craters employing said agents.

Patent application MX / a / 2014/014705, from the same applicant, describes a runway for landing and takeoff of aircraft. Said invention is a remarkable development with respect to the state of the technique because it provides a light and extremely resistant track. However, this track is overdimensioned and over-specified for overnight trails. Overnight runways are intended to support aircraft for periods of time that may be prolonged but are not subject to intense efforts derived from aircraft take-off and landing.

With the present invention, a solution is proposed that avoids the costly maintenance of re-leveling and periodic re-arranging on runways for overnight aircraft, as is currently the case.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first object of the invention is to provide a track for the overnight of aircraft.

Another object of the invention is to provide an aircraft overnight track that includes means for stabilizing the ground.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an aircraft overnight track that includes means for containing moisture.

Said object is achieved by providing a track for the overnight of aircraft comprising: (a) a track structure 10 lying on (b) a ground 30 reinforced with inclusions, wherein the track structure 10 comprises, (i) ) a concrete slab with biaxial pre-stress 11, which provides a surface on which vehicles, aircraft and people circulate, (ii) a waterproofing system 12, comprising several layers of materials; (Ii) a simple concrete template 13; (iv) a geotextile layer 14; (v) a subbase layer 15 of a compacted bench material, (vi) a layer of subgrade 16 of a compacted sandy silt-clay material, (vii) a fill layer 17 of a silt-sandy-tile material; (viii) an 18 mesh for soil stabilization; and (ix) a geotextile layer 19, which lies on the ground reinforced with a plurality of concrete inclusions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS By way of example, reference is now made to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 illustrates the sleeping and foundation track according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 illustrates the structure of the overnight track of the present invention.

FIG. 3 illustrates a top view of the track.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention is described referring to the figures. A front / side view of the invention is shown in Fig. 1. Where the overnight track 1 is illustrated, the overnight track includes a track structure 10 composed of several layers. The overnight track structure 10 of the present invention is placed on the ground level, or on a flattened ground, in such a way that it is not necessary to carry out excavations.

Prior to the construction of the track structure 10 of the track 1 of the present invention, the ground is prepared by means of the provision of a plurality of concrete inclusions 31. The inclusions 31 consist of elongated bodies of concrete, solid or annular, of circular, oval or polygonal cross section.

The inclusions 31 are manufactured by means of drilling the ground to a certain depth, but without reaching the resistant layer of the subsoil. It is preferred that the lower end of the inclusions be separated from the resist layer by a distance greater than 2.5 meters, preferably between 3 and 6 meters, and preferably around 4 meters. furthermore, the inclusions 41 should in no way be brought into contact with the structure 30, therefore, the upper end of the inclusions is located at least 1 m from the level of the surface and below the water table. In no case should the inclusions reach the resistant layer of the subsoil or the track structure 10, since this would cause serious damage to the track when the subsidence occurred. The inclusions strengthen the subsoil, but do not stop the problem of subsidence.

The inclusions 31 are formed when the concrete poured into the perforations formed for this purpose. The inclusions have a diameter between 25-80 cm, preferably between 40 and 60 cm. The inclusions are manufactured in mortar with standard strength (f'c = 50 kg / cm2), without reinforcement. In one embodiment of the invention, the inclusions 31 include a sheath of a canvas, for example terylene. The inclusions have a length that depends on the depth of the resistant layer and the water table, in areas that previously formed Lake Texcoco, the inclusions have dimensions between 1.5 and 3.5 m. The inclusions are placed spaced, in an arrangement determined according to design considerations. For example, in Figure 3 the inclusions (31, 32, 33) keep a square arrangement separated by an equidistant distance, where the distance from center to center of between 2 and 3.5 m.

The inclusions 31 are intended to reinforce the ground, but do not constitute a foundation of the track structure by virtue of not making contact with the resist layer 40 nor with the track structure 10.

Finally, each perforation, above the upper end of the respective inclusion is covered with a filling of a granular material, for example sand, earth, gravel, tezontle, etc.

The track structure 10 consists of an arrangement of several layers that result in a light structure, of lower density than the subsoil, resistant and impermeable that is placed on the ground reinforced with inclusions 30.

The track structure 10 comprises the following layers: (a) the first layer consists of a geotextile layer 19. The geotextile 19 is stabilized to resist degradation due to ultraviolet exposure and is also resistant to the chemicals normally found in the soil, as well as mold and insects, and is not biodegradable. It must also be stable within a pH range of 2 to 13.

On top of the geotextile layer 19 is a mesh 18, which consists of a geogrid specially designed for soil stabilization, which has a high tensile strength, and excellent resistance to construction and environmental damage. The mesh is secured to the ground and reinforced.

An embankment layer 17 is formed on the mesh 18, consisting of a silt-sandy material (Tepetate) -tubing, placed in layers and compacted. On the embankment layer 17 a layer of subgrade 16 is arranged. The layer of subgrade 16 consists of a compacted silt-clay-sand (tepetate) material.

A sub-base layer 15 is disposed on the subgrade layer 16. The sub-base layer 15 consists of a layer of compacted bench material which in turn lies beneath a geotextile layer 14.

On the geotextile layer 14 there is a simple concrete template 13 which has a thickness of between 3 and 10 cm, on which a waterproofing system 12 is disposed, the waterproofing structure 12 comprises several layers of geotextile materials, the which finally lie under a concrete slab with biaxial pre-stress 11. The concrete slab 11 provides a surface on which vehicles, aircraft and people circulate. The biaxial pre-stress preferably takes place in orthogonal directions, preferably parallel to the length and width of the track.

The tracks and platforms of the present invention have application in hangars, overnight platforms, aircraft communication routes within an airport facility, particularly when the runway has been constructed in swampy land. However, tracks are not particularly preferred for the construction of runways / runways where runways require special construction features that can withstand the immense loads to which the runway and terrain are subjected during landing and takeoff of aircraft.

Example: In a preferred embodiment of the invention the slab with biaxial pre-stress 11 is manufactured in concrete MR = 45 kg / cm2 which has a maximum shrinkage of 450 x 106 at 56 days and a maximum thermal expansion coefficient of 10 x 106 / ° C.

The waterproofing system 12 comprises, in the lower part, a geotextile of 200g PBT, in the middle part a 0.7mm PVC geomembrane and in the upper part a 350g polypropylene (PP) geotextile.

The simple concrete template 13 consists of concrete of faith = 50 kg / m2 of 5cm of thickness.

The geotextile 14 consists of a geotextile material PIVITEC GEO 200 PET ™ or similar.

The sub-base 15 consists of a layer of bank material with VRS ³70%, compacted to 95% modified Procter and P.V. = 1.8 ton / m3.

The subgrade layer 16 consists of a silt-clay-sandy material (tepetate) compacted to 95% proctor (tribasa bank material with VRS of 12% or similar with P.V = 1.8 ton / m3).

The fill layer 17 consists of a silt-sandy-tempered material (50% -50%) placed in layers of 20 to 25cm compacted to 85-90% Procter, with PV = 1.4 ton / m3 and maximum particle size of 5.08 cm (2 inches in diameter). 18 mesh consists of a Tenax LBO-samp ™ geogrid, type 202, The geotextile layer 19 consists of a non-woven polypropylene ply selected from Propex 4550 ™ or Mirafi 150 N ™. 5 In addition, the description includes any combination or sub-combination of the elements of different species and / or modalities described herein. A person skilled in the art will recognize that these features, and therefore the scope of this disclosure, should be interpreted in the light of the following claims and any equivalents thereof.

I Overnight runway 10 track structure I I Slab with biaxial prestress 15 12 Waterproofing system 13 simple concrete template 14 geotextile. 15 sub-base 16 subgrade 20 17 embankment 18 mesh 19 geotextile 20 natural terrain 21 stuffing 25 30 terrain reinforced with inclusions 31, 32, 33, 34 inclusions 40 resistant layer 30

Claims (9)

1. - An overnight runway for aircraft that includes: a track structure 10 lying on a ground 30 reinforced with inclusions, wherein the track structure 10 comprises a concrete slab 11, with biaxial pre-stress that lies on a waterproofing system; a waterproofing system 12, comprising several layers of geotextile materials and lying on a simple concrete template 13; a simple concrete template 13, which lies on a geotextile layer 14; a geotextile layer 14; that lies on a sub-base layer 15; a sub-base layer 15, of a compacted bench material, which lies on a layer of subgrade 16; a layer of subgrade 16, of a compacted sandy silt-clay material, which lies on a layer of embankment 17; an embankment layer 17, of a silt-sandy-tezontle material lying on an 18 mesh; 18 mesh, for soil stabilization and lying on a geotextile layer 19; Y a geotextile layer 19, which lies on the ground reinforced with a plurality of concrete inclusions.

2. - The overnight runway for aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclusions consist of elongated bodies of concrete having a lower end separated by at least 2.5 m from the resistant layer of the ground, and an upper end separated at least 1 m from the level of the surface and below the ground water level.

3. - The overnight runway for aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the waterproofing system comprises, in the lower part, a geotextile of 200g PBT, in the middle part a geomembrane of PVC and in the upper part a polypropylene geotextile (PP).

4. - The overnight runway for aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the simple concrete template consists of concrete of fe = 50 kg / m2.

5. - The aircraft overnight runway according to claim 1, characterized in that the sub-base 15 consists of a bank material layer with VRS ³70%, compacted to 95% Procter modified and P.V. = 1.8 ton / m3.

6. - The overnight runway for aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the subgrade layer 16 consists of a silt-clay-sandy material compacted to 95% proctor.

7. - The aircraft overnight runway according to claim 1, characterized in that the embankment layer 17 consists of a silt-sandy-tezontle material (50% -50%) compacted to 85-90% Proctor.

8. - The overnight runway for aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the mesh 18 consists of a Tenax LBO-samp ™ geogrid, type 202.

9. - The overnight runway for aircraft according to claim 1, characterized in that the geotextile layer 19 consists of a non-woven polypropylene fabric punching.