MX2014011924A

MX2014011924A - Preventing or treating periodontal disease.

Info

Publication number: MX2014011924A
Application number: MX2014011924A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Remigio Piergallini; Nikolaos Loupis; Shipra Rastogi
Original assignee: Klox Technologies Inc
Priority date: 2012-04-02
Filing date: 2013-04-02
Publication date: 2015-05-11
Also published as: IL234867A0; KR20140140062A; RU2014144299A; JP2015512423A; CA2867507A1; EP2833895A1; AU2013243174A1; CN104271143A; IN2014DN08827A; AU2013243174B2; SG11201405849YA; EP2833895A4; WO2013149322A1; HK1205464A1

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a method for treating or preventing periodontal disease, such as gingivitis or periodontitis. The method may comprise providing an antimicrobial composition disposed within a reservoir, the reservoir being fluidly connected to an exterior surface of an applicator having a frictional stress value sufficient to cause mechanical displacement of a biofilm present on an oral cavity surface; dispensing said antimicrobial composition through said applicator onto said exterior surface of said applicator; applying the antimicrobial composition to the oral cavity surface; and rubbing said applicator onto said oral cavity surface and exerting pressure towards said oral cavity surface.

Description

PREVENTION OR TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL DISEASE Field of the invention The description generally relates to the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease, specifically, but not exclusively to antimicrobial devices and compositions in methods and uses for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Periodontal diseases, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, can lead to tooth loss if left untreated. Treatments often require visits to a dental office. Therefore, there is a need for treatments that can be used in a more routine way outside of a dental office.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, a device and method for applying an antimicrobial or gloss composition to a tooth and / or the gums to prevent or treat periodontal disease is described. The device is portable and can be used outside of a dental office. Preferably, the device applies a certain frictional stress on a tooth and / or on the gums. More preferably, the device applies a friction stress value that allows mechanical displacement of a biofilm present on the surface of a tooth. Even more preferably, the device applies a value of frictional stress that allows the mechanical displacement of a layer of film present on the surface of a tooth, but does not induce damage to the enamel of the tooth. In addition, anti-microbial and gloss compositions of the teeth are described in the present invention for use in conjunction with the device. In certain embodiments, the composition of the description has antimicrobial activity and teeth whitening. In addition, methods for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease, and uses of the antimicrobial composition and devices for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease are described in the present invention.

In one aspect, there is provided a device comprising a receptacle that fluidly connects to an applicator having a friction stress value sufficient to cause the mechanical displacement of a biofilm present on a surface of a tooth and / or of the tooth. gum. The applicator may comprise pores having a diameter of 0.1-1000 mm, frequently but not always together with the value indicated above of friction stress. An antimicrobial or gloss composition may be disposed in the receptacle. In some embodiments, the antimicrobial or gloss composition is present in an amount in the range of 2-6 ml. The device may comprise an activator that is configured to dispense the antimicrobial or glossy composition of the tooth of the receptacle onto an exterior surface of the applicator.

In some embodiments, the exterior surface of the applicator has a surface area of up to 4-100 mm2.

In some embodiments, the applicator comprises a sponge. In some embodiments, the applicator comprises a silicone tip. In some embodiments, the applicator comprises a sponge and the sponge may include pores of sufficient connectivity and diameter for the hydroxyapatite to be transported through the sponge on an outer surface of the sponge.

In some embodiments, the antimicrobial and gloss composition comprises a source of peroxide. In some embodiments, the antimicrobial or gloss composition includes hydroxyapatite, such as where the hydroxyapatite has a particle size in the range of 10 to 200 nm.

In another aspect, a method for polishing the teeth is provided. The method may comprise the steps of a) providing a gloss composition disposed within a cylindrical receptacle, the cylindrical receptacle being fluidly connected to an outer surface of an applicator having a frictional force value sufficient to cause mechanical displacement of a biofilm present on a tooth surface, or comprising pores having a diameter of 0.1-1000 mm, or both, b) dispensing the gloss composition through the applicator onto the exterior surface of the applicator, and c) applying the composition of brightness on a tooth.

In some embodiments, the antimicrobial or gloss composition is applied manually by rubbing the applicator over a tooth and exerting pressure towards the tooth.

In a further aspect, the description relates to a method for the treatment or prevention of periodontal disease, such as gingivitis or periodontitis. The method may comprise the steps of a) providing a composition disposed within a receptacle, the receptacle is fluidly connected to an outer surface of an applicator having a frictional stress value sufficient to cause the mechanical displacement of a present biofilm. on a surface of the oral cavity, or comprising pores having a diameter of 0.1-1,000 mm, or both, b) dispensing the composition through the applicator onto the outer surface of the applicator, and c) applying the composition to the surface of the applicator. the oral cavity In some embodiments, the surface of the oral cavity is a tooth and / or gum.

In some embodiments, the method for the treatment or prevention of periodontal disease, such as gingivitis or periodontitis, comprises applying a composition comprising a peroxide such as hydrogen peroxide and / or hydroxyapatite. The composition may comprise an antimicrobial agent such as an antibiotic or antiviral agent. Illustrative antibiotic agents that can be included in the composition include tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, amoxicillin, and azithromycin.

In the method for the treatment of gingivitis or periodontitis, the composition can be applied to the surface of the oral cavity, such as teeth and / or gums, at least once a day or at least once a day. once a week. In particular embodiments, the composition is applied to the gums and / or the tooth / gum joint.

From another aspect, a method for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease is provided, comprising: providing an antimicrobial composition disposed within a receptacle, the receptacle being connected to an exterior surface of an applicator having a value of sufficient friction effort to cause the mechanical displacement of a biofilm present on a surface of the oral cavity; dispensing said antimicrobial composition through said applicator onto said outer surface of said applicator; apply the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the oral cavity; and rubbing said applicator on said surface of the oral cavity and exerting pressure towards said surface of the oral cavity. In certembodiments, rubbing said applicator on said surface of the buccal cavity and exerting pressure toward said surface of the buccal cavity occurs at the same time as, before, or after applying the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the buccal cavity. The method may include a further step of applying the new antimicrobial composition to the surface of the buccal cavity after rubbing said applicator over said surface of the buccal cavity and of exerting pressure towards said surface of the buccal cavity. The application of the antimicrobial composition can be as a flow of the composition from the receptacle to the outer surface of the receptacle. The flow can be continuous or in any other way.

From another aspect, a method for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease is provided, comprising: mechanically displacing a biofilm on a surface of the oral cavity; and applying an antimicrobial composition to the surface of the oral cavity. In certembodiments, the application of the antimicrobial composition comprises contacting the surface of the buccal cavity with an exterior surface of an applicator that is fluidly connected to a receptacle contng the antimicrobial composition. In certembodiments, the mechanical displacement of the biofilm comprises rubbing said surface of the buccal cavity and exerting pressure towards said surface of the buccal cavity with the external surface of the applicator., which has a friction stress value sufficient to cause the mechanical displacement of the biofilm on the surface of the oral cavity. In certain embodiments, the antimicrobial composition is applied to the surface of the buccal cavity at the same time as, before, or after mechanically displacing the biofilm on the surface of the buccal cavity. In certain embodiments, the new antimicrobial composition is applied to the surface of the buccal cavity after displacement of the biofilm.

In certain embodiments of the aspects of the above methods, the antimicrobial composition can be broken down by the enzymes on the surface of the oral cavity or in saliva. Therefore, provide the fresh antimicrobial composition to the surface of the oral cavity, which may be a continuous or interrupted supply, It can provide a continuous antimicrobial effect that can result in faster treatment or more effective prevention of periodontal disease.

In certain embodiments of the aspects of the above methods, the surface of the oral cavity is a surface of the gum, a surface of the tooth, or both surfaces of the gum and the tooth. The surfaces of the gum or tooth may include periodontal pockets, in which case the method may further comprise pushing the antimicrobial composition into the periodontal pockets.

In certain embodiments of the aspects of the above methods, the antimicrobial composition comprises a source of peroxide which may be hydrogen peroxide or urea peroxide.

In certain embodiments of the aspects of the above methods, the antimicrobial composition includes hydroxyapatite which may have a particle size in the range of 10-200 nm. In certain embodiments, the antimicrobial composition comprises an antibiotic agent that can be selected from tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, amoxicillin, and azithromycin. The antimicrobial composition may comprise one or more of: fluoride, triclosan, sodium bicarbonate, sweetening agent, detergent, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium, stannous fluoride and an amine fluoride.

In certain embodiments of the aspects of the above methods, the antimicrobial composition is applied to the surface of the oral cavity at least once a day, or at least once a week.

In certain modalities of the aspects of the previous methods, a contact area between the outer surface of the applicator and the surface of the buccal cavity is approximately 0.25-400 mm2, approximately 4-100 mm2 or approximately 9-25 mm2. The outer surface of the applicator may have a friction stress value greater than about 0.001 N / mm2. The applicator may comprise pores having a diameter of 0.1 -1000 pm. The outer surface of the applicator can be made of any suitable material or have any suitable texture to mechanically remove the biofilm. For example, the applicator may comprise a sponge or silicone. The outer surface of the applicator may comprise bristles.

From a further aspect, the use of an antimicrobial composition for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease is provided, wherein the antimicrobial composition is disposed within a receptacle that is fluidly connected to an exterior surface of an applicator. to dispense the antimicrobial composition through the applicator on the outer surface of the applicator to apply the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the buccal cavity, said outer surface of the applicator having a frictional force value sufficient to cause the mechanical displacement of the biofilm when the outer surface of the applicator is rubbed against the surface of the buccal cavity and pressure is exerted towards said surface of the buccal cavity.

From another aspect, the use of an antimicrobial composition on a surface of the oral cavity with mechanical displacement of a biofilm on the surface of the mouth is provided. oral cavity, for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease. There is further provided the use of an antimicrobial composition on a surface of the oral cavity that has a broken biofilm therein, for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease. It also provides the use of an applicator for the treatment or prevention of periodontal disease, wherein the applicator has an external surface for the application of an antimicrobial composition to an applicator of the surface of the oral cavity, the external surface having a value of frictional stress sufficient to cause mechanical displacement or rupture of the biofilm present on the surface of the oral cavity. In certain embodiments, the antimicrobial composition is disposed within a receptacle that fluidly connects to an exterior surface of an applicator to contact the surface of the buccal cavity to apply the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the buccal cavity, said applicator has a value of frictional stress sufficient to cause mechanical displacement or interruption of the biofilm present on the surface of the oral cavity.

In certain embodiments of the above uses, the applicator and the receptacle are arranged to supply the antimicrobial composition on the exterior surface of the applicator at the same time as, before, or after, the mechanical displacement of the biofilm, for prevention or treatment of periodontal disease. In certain embodiments of the above uses, the surface of the oral cavity is a surface of the gum, a surface of the tooth, or both surfaces of the gum and tooth.

In certain embodiments of the above uses, the antimicrobial composition comprises a source of peroxide, such as urea peroxide. In certain embodiments of the above uses, the antimicrobial composition includes hydroxyapatite, which may have a particle size in the range of 10-200 nm. The antimicrobial composition may comprise one or more of: fluoride, triclosan, sodium bicarbonate, sweetening agent, detergent, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium, stannous fluoride and an amine fluoride. The antimicrobial composition may comprise an antimicrobial agent which may be an antibiotic agent, for example, tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, amoxicillin and azithromycin, or an antiviral agent.

In certain embodiments of the above uses, a contact area between the outer surface of the applicator and the surface of the buccal cavity is approximately 0.25-400 mm2, approximately 4-100 mm2 or approximately 9-25 mm2. The applicator can have a friction stress value greater than about 0.001 N / mm2. The applicator may comprise pores with a surface diameter of 0.1-1000 pm. The outer surface of the applicator can be made of any suitable material or have any suitable texture to mechanically remove the biofilm. For example, the applicator may comprise a sponge or silicone. The outer surface of the applicator may comprise bristles.

In certain embodiments of the above aspects, the antimicrobial composition comprises urea peroxide what is due to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species that can prevent or treat periodontal disease, and its lack of side effects. In particular, urea peroxide degrades enzymatically less easily compared to hydrogen peroxide, and is better tolerated by the mucosa of the oral cavity. In addition, urea peroxide does not stain teeth, does not alter taste, and does not induce sensitivity, which can occur with other antimicrobial agents, such as chlorhexidine.

Brief description of the figures Other aspects and advantages of the present description will be better understood with reference to the description in association with the following in which: Figure 1 shows a device for applying the antimicrobial or gloss composition to a tooth and / or the gums.

Figure 2 shows a device for the application of an antimicrobial or gloss composition to a tooth and / or the gums, wherein the device has an applicator comprising a sponge.

Figure 3 depicts the antibacterial activity of the composition in a disk diffusion assay. The antibacterial activity of the composition is compared with the positive peroxide controls, as well as with negative saline controls.

Figure 4 depicts the inhibition of bacterial growth around the disc in the assay of Figure 3.

Detailed description This description is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components that are set forth in the following description or that are illustrated in the drawings. The description has capacity for other modalities and to be practiced or carried out in several ways. In addition, the phraseology and terminology used in the present description is for the purpose of the description and should not be considered as limiting. The use of "that includes", "Comprising", or "having", "containing", "involving", and variations of these in the present description is intended to encompass the elements enumerated thereafter as well as optionally additional elements. The term "and / or" where it is used in the present description should be taken as a specific description of each of the two specific characteristics or components with or without the other. For example, "A and / or B" should be understood as a specific description of each of (i) A, (ii) B and (iii) A and B, as if each were individually established in the present invention. . In the following description, the same reference numbers refer to similar elements. In the drawings, the same reference characters designate the same or similar parts.

Devices and methods In the present invention, a device 10 and a method for applying an antimicrobial or gloss composition to a tooth and / or the gums is described. Preferred devices include a receptacle 25 which is fluidly connected with an applicator 30. Preferably, the applicator is optimized with respect to its mechanical performance in order to induce a certain frictional stress on a tooth and / or the gums. An advantageous choice of friction effort allows efficient brightening of the tooth or the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease, such as gingivitis or periodontitis, but without damaging the enamel or the other portion of the tooth or the gums. However, the friction stress must be sufficient to mechanically displace a biofilm and / or film layer (partially or completely) from the surface of a tooth and / or the gums. "Film" as used in the present description is a layer of salivary glycoproteins that adhere to the surface of a tooth and / or gums. "Biofilm" as used in the present description is a substance that adheres to the surface of the tooth and / or gums or to the film layer, and may include additional components, for example, substances excreted by bacteria. For example, a biofilm can include a sessile community of cells that can be derived from microbes and that bind to a substrate or to each other. These adherent cells are frequently embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances that they produced, and exhibit an altered phenotype with respect to the rate of growth and transcription of the genes.

The device 10 places an applicator 30 in contact with the surface of a tooth and / or the gums and supplies an antimicrobial or gloss composition of the teeth through the applicator 30 on the surface of a tooth and / or the gums.

The device 10 preferably has a receptacle 25 for storing the antimicrobial or gloss composition and an applicator 30 which is fluidly connected to the receptacle 25 by a feeder 42. The device 10 can be portable and in the form of a pen, pen or a bar of liquid. In one embodiment, the device 10 includes more than one applicator 30 that can be detachably coupled with the device 10. In a mode wherein the device 10 is in the form of a pen or pencil 30 it can be retractable. The antimicrobial or gloss composition described in the present disclosure can be housed directly within the receptacle 25 in the device 10 or can be supplied in a removable cartridge (not shown) within the receptacle 25 that can be replaced or refilled. The device may further comprise a lid 45.

It is believed that the performance of the applicator 30 with respect to tooth brightness or antimicrobial activity is reinforced by friction or abrasion that is induced by the applicator 30 on a tooth and / or the gums. The friction or abrasion caused by the applicator 30 on a tooth and / or the gums can be defined in terms of friction stress. The value of friction stress can be defined as the force exerted on a reference surface per unit of actual contact area, which is expressed as s = T / A = mN / A. In this equation, T is the tangential force, A the contact area, m the coefficient of friction, and N the vertical force.

Without wishing to impose any theory, it is believed that the friction stress of an applicator 30 is of particular importance, since it indicates the efficiency with which the mechanical energy that is provided by the user is transferred to the surface of a tooth and / or to the teeth. gums The friction stress can cause the mechanical displacement of the biofilm. When an applicator has a low frictional stress value, the energy that is supplied by the user is dissipated in other ways, for example, through the applicator itself, which results in the deformation of the applicator.

Friction stress values greater than 0.001 N mm 2 are advantageous. More preferably, the friction stress values are 0.001 -0.01 N mm 2, 0.01 -0.1 N mm 2, 0.1 to 0.2 N mm 2, 0.2-0.3 N mm 2, 0.3-0.4 N mm 2, 0.4-0.5 N mm 2, 0.5-0.6 N mm 2, 0.6-0.7 N mm 2, 0.7-0.8 N mm 2, 0.8-0.9 N mm 2, or 0.9-1 N mm 2. In some embodiments, the friction stress values they can be 1 -1.5 N mm 2, 1.5-2 N mm 2, or even 2-2.5 or 2.5-3 N mm 2.

The friction stress value of an applicator 30 can be measured by the use of methods known in the art. An example uses a Plint dual-axis reciprocating platform (such as model TE75R, MRPRA RUBBER CONSULTANTS). The device 10 is attached to the loading arm of the reciprocating platform and the angle of the device relative to the reference surface is adapted to maximize the contact area of an exterior surface of the applicator 30. The arrangement of the holder must be established to provide a realistic consuming normal force, N, in the applicator 30 of about 3 N. The coefficient of friction is then measured between the applicator 30 and a reference surface that is similar to the surface of a tooth and / or of the gums. The applicator 30 is measured wet by the use of an antimicrobial or gloss composition as indicated in Example 1. The coefficient of friction is measured along the central 10 mm of four 20 mm courses, both in the direction of advance as in the recoil at a speed of 1 mm s 1 and a mean value is calculated. The measurements with the applicator 30 in the final measurement position are repeated three times to verify reproducibility.

In some embodiments, the applicator (eg, 30) comprises a sponge 40. The sponge 40 includes pores 41 that connect fluidly a feeder (for example, 42) receiving the antimicrobial or brightness receptacle composition ( example, 25). Preferably, the sponge 40 comprises pores 41 having an average diameter of about 0.1-1000 μm. More preferably, the pores have an average diameter of about 0.1 -100 mm, 100-200 pm, 200-300 pm, 300-500 pm, 500-750 mm or 750-1000 pm.

The sponge 40 can be made of synthetic or man-made materials or natural materials such as felt, foam, polyethylene, nylon, silicone, etc. Preferably, the sponge 40 is made of a material resistant to corrosion induced by the peroxide.

In some embodiments, the applicator comprises a sponge 40 made of nylon, such as the banded nylon. Figure 2 illustrates an illustrative embodiment in which the applicator comprises a sponge 40. As shown in Figure 2, the sponge 40 is optimized with respect to having pores 41 of sufficient connectivity and diameter for the particles (e.g., hydroxyapatite particles, as described below) in the antimicrobial or gloss compositions to be transported through the pores 41 on an exterior surface of the applicator 30. BrightOne (www.blancone.it) sold by International Dental Supply includes a sponge having the characteristics described above.

The contact area between the outer surface of the applicator 30 and a surface of the tooth and / or of the gums is preferably 0.25-400 mm2, 4-100 mm2, or 9-25 mm2. Such contact area ensures the optimal mechanical removal of the biofilm and allows an effective application of the antimicrobial or gloss composition on the surface of a tooth and / or gums.

Measurements of the contact area of the outer surface of the applicator 30 can be performed with a dry applicator 30. The applicator 30 is wetted dry pressing it against a pad containing the antimicrobial composition or brightness, then the device 10 is held to the loading arm of a Plint double-axle reciprocating platform (such as model TE75R, MRPRA RUBBER CONSULTANTS). A mark on a contact surface that is representative of the contact area of the outer surface of the applicator 30 is obtained by controlling the descent and lifting of the plint loading arm by moving closer and further away from the reference surface. The angle of the device relative to the reference surface is adapted to maximize the contact area between the applicator 30 and the reference surface. The contact time should be approximately 1 s while a normal load of approximately 3 N should be applied to the application device. The contact area can then be calculated from the average length and width of the given mark using a magnifying glass with a grid. The measurements with the applicator 30 in the final measurement position are repeated three times to verify reproducibility.

The device 10 can dispense the antimicrobial or gloss composition of the receptacle 25 onto an exterior surface of the applicator 30 through the feeder 42 by capillary action, such as in a flow through the pen, or by exerting pressure on the applicator 30. by pushing the device 10 onto a surface of a tooth and / or of the gums, or by means of an activator, such as a mechanical piston with a push mechanism, a ratchet and ratchet mechanism, or a push button mechanism , or through a method of vacuum cyección, or through other mechanical means that transfer the composition from the receptacle 25 to a surface of the oral cavity in need of treatment. The activator can be positioned at the first end or side wall of the device 10.

In certain embodiments, the device has an activator comprising a push button. With the activator of the pressure button, the user presses the button located on a first end or side wall of the device 10, which causes the transfer of the composition from the receptacle 25 through the feeder 42 and on the outer surface of the applicator 30. More preferably, the pressure button activator has an arrangement that allows the division of the gloss composition. This can be achieved, for example, through a catch arrest mechanism that is connected to the push button actuator. From the sound of the capture by actuating the trigger of the pressure button, the user is able to recognize that a single dose of the antimicrobial or gloss composition was dispensed on the exterior surface of the applicator 30.

Once the composition is placed on the exterior surface of the applicator 30, a user applies the composition to a tooth and / or to the surface of the gums by manually rubbing the applicator 30 on the tooth and / or the gums and exerts pressure on the tooth and / or the gums. Preferably, manually rubbing the applicator 30 on the tooth and / or the gums and exerting pressure towards the tooth and / or the gums causes the mechanical displacement of a biofilm from the surface of the gum and / or the tooth.

The user may be provided with a set of instructions to describe how to apply the composition from the device 10 on the teeth and / or the gums.

In certain embodiments, the receptacle 25 is made of peroxide resistant materials. In one embodiment, the receptacle 25 is made of fluoropolymers, polypropylene, polyethylene, or other such polymers that are compatible with the ingredients of the composition of the present disclosure.

Compositions The devices of the disclosure can be used to deliver a variety of compositions in particular to teeth and gums. In some embodiments, the devices release compositions that brighten teeth and / or have antimicrobial properties. The compositions described in the present description can be used for the treatment of periodontal disease, such as gingivitis or periodontitis. Compositions with antimicrobial activity may also have teeth whitening activity.

The term "prevention" is recognized in the art, and when used in connection with a condition, such as periodontal disease such as periodontitis., is well understood in the art, and includes the administration of a composition that reduces the frequency of, or delays the onset of, the symptoms of a medical condition in a subject with respect to a subject that does not receive the composition. Thus, the prevention of periodontitis includes, for example, the reduction of inflammation or infection of the ligaments and bones that support the teeth in a population of patients receiving prophylactic treatment in relation to an untreated control population. .

The term "prophylactic" treatment is recognized in the art and refers to the administration of a drug to a host. If administered before the clinical manifestation of the unwanted condition (eg, disease or other unwanted condition of the host animal) then the treatment is prophylactic, i.e., protects the host against the development of the unwanted condition.

The "treatment" of a condition or disease refers to healing, as well as to improving at least one symptom of the condition or disease.

The composition used in the present invention is composed of a carrier gel and at least one gloss agent which is dispersed throughout the carrier gel. The gloss agent or antimicrobial agent can be dissolved in the carrier gel or simply dispersed homogeneously in the carrier as insoluble solid particles in suspension.

The composition may comprise a source of peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is a powerful oxidizing agent. Typically, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the present composition is about 0.001-10% by weight of the composition, such as 1-7% or 4-6%. Urea hydrogen peroxide (which is also known as urea peroxide, carbamide peroxide or percarbamide) can also be used. Typically, the concentration of the urea peroxide in the present composition is about 0.003-30% by weight of the composition, such as about 1 -25%, 10-20% or 13-17%. The composition may comprise a bicarbonate salt such as sodium bicarbonate.

The gel carrier can contain any number of ingredients that increase the viscosity of the composition and can be present in an amount in the range of about 35-95%, or 45-70%, or 55-65% by weight of the composition . In certain embodiments, sufficient gel carrier is added to obtain a composition having a viscosity of about 10,000 to 200,000 cps, or about 30,000 to 150,000, or 50,000 to 120,000. The gel carrier may comprise one or more polymers. The polymers that are preferred are the high molecular weight polymers of acrylic acid such as Carbopol®. The gel carrier may further include cellulose derivatives (such as hydroxyethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and methylcellulose), gums (such as sodium alginate, carrageenan, xanthan gum, tragacanth gum, acacia gum, jellan gum, and natural jellan gum) , synthetic binders (such as polyvinyl alcohol, carboxyvinyl polymer, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, propylene glycol and polyethylene oxide), natural polyols (such as glycerin, mannitol, sorbitol and maltitol) and inorganic binders (such as silica gel, aluminum silica gel , bee gum, and laponite). For example, the gel carrier may contain a polymer in combination with a synthetic binder and / or a natural polyol, such as 12-18% synthetic binder (e.g., propylene glycol), 40-50% natural polyol (e.g. , glycerin), and 0.5-4% polymer (eg, Carbopol).

In some embodiments, the composition comprises flavoring agents. Flavoring agents that are useful include essential oils as well as various flavoring aldehydes, esters, alcohols, and the like. Examples of essential oils include oils of mint, peppermint, wintergreen, sassafras, clove, sage, eucalyptus, marjoram, cinnamon, of lemon, lime, grapefruit and orange. Also useful are chemical products such as menthol, carvone and anethole and synthetic flavors such as Evercool, and those derived from cyclic alpha-ketoenamines. Of these, the ones that are most commonly used are the oils of peppermint, mint and wintergreen. The flavoring agent is incorporated in the liquid gloss composition of the present disclosure at a concentration of from about 0.05 to about 2%, or preferably from about 0.1 to about 0.5% by weight of the composition. A sweetening material can also be used as a complement to the flavoring material. Sweetening agents are water soluble and include sodium saccharin, sodium celamate, xylitol, perillartin, D-tryptophan, aspartame, dihydrochalcones and the like.

In some embodiments, the composition comprises a gloss particle. The gloss particles may comprise a calcium phosphate form. The calcium phosphate can have a structure selected from tetracalcium phosphate, amorphous calcium phosphate, alpha-tricalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite (Ca5 (0H) (P04) 3). The calcium phosphate may be a substantially water-insoluble calcium phosphate and a non-crystalline, low-crystalline or crystalline form such as, for example, crystalline hydroxyapatite. Preferably, the composition includes hydroxyapatite nanoparticles.

Hydroxyapatite has a physical structure similar to tooth enamel, and thus has a strong affinity to enamel surfaces of the tooth, which results in the hydroxyapatite particles imparting a "natural" white appearance to the enamel surface. The hydroxyapatite crystals can also cause the accumulation of an electrostatic charge, due to the pressure and friction exerted by the sponge, which facilitates and amplifies the penetration of the ions in the enamel structure. A large amount of the hydroxyapatite nanoparticles could even seep into the enamel and facilitate a deposition of calcium and calcium phosphate ions in the enamel. Hydroxyapatite can also decrease the harmful effects of peroxides and allow remineralization of the enamel. Preferably, the hydroxyapatite is present in the composition of the present disclosure at a concentration of about 0.5-5%, or about 1-2% by weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the hydroxyapatite particles may comprise aggregates of individual hydroxyapatite particles. For example, such aggregates may have a mean diameter of about 100 nm to about 1000 nm, and comprise hydroxyapatite particles having an average diameter of about 10 nm to about 200 nm.

In some embodiments, the composition further comprises one or more of fluoride, triclosan, detergent, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium, stannous fluoride, and an amine fluoride. Examples of amine fluorides include olaflur (N'-octadecyltrimethylenediamine-N, N, N'-tris (2-ethanolj-dihydrofluoride) and dectaflur (9-octadecenylamine-hydrofluoride) Illustrative detergents include delmopinol, sodium lauryl sulfate ( SLS), and cocoamidopropylbetaine (CAPB).

In certain embodiments, the composition further comprises an antimicrobial agent. For example, the antimicrobial agent can be selected from an antiviral agent or an antibiotic agent. Antibiotics include, for example, vancomycin, penicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefixime, rifampinmetronidazole, doxyelin, tetracycline, minocycline, azithromycin, tacrolimus, cyclosporin, sirolimus, everolimus, ascomycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, dirithromycin , josamycin, spiramycin, diacetyl-midecamycin, tylosin, roxithromycin, ABT-773, telithromycin, leucomycins, lincosamide, dactinomycin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, idarubicin, anthracyclines, mitoxantrone, bleomycins, plicamycin, mitomycin and streptomycin.

In some embodiments, the composition comprises a stabilizing agent. The stabilizing agent that is used in the aqueous gel is present in an amount in the range of about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of the aqueous gel. An amount of about 1% of the stabilizing agent is preferred. The stabilizing agent is typically selected from aminocarboxylic acids and salts thereof. The stabilizers that are preferred are selected from aminocarboxylic acids and alkaline and / or alkaline earth salts thereof. Aminocarboxylic acids include trans-1,2-cyclohexylene dinitrile tetraacetic acid (CDTA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), N- (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), triethylenetetraaminehexaacetic acid (TTHA), and ethylene glycolbis (2- aminoethylether) tetraacetic (GEDTA).

In addition to the components mentioned above, a neutralizing agent can be added to the composition. The inorganic and organic neutralization agents that can be employed are bases. Suitable bases include alkali metal hydroxides and ammonium hydroxide, carbonates, alkoxides, oxides, peroxides, superoxides, and water soluble organic amines. Amino acids such as b-alanine and lysine can also be used for the neutralization and modification of the viscosity. Preferred bases include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, triethanolamine (TEA), aminomethyl propanol (AMP), 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol (tromethamine), tetrahydroxypropylethylenediamine, and tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane (TRIS). In some embodiments, the neutralizing agent is used to obtain a gloss composition having a pH of about 4 to 10, or about 5 to 7, or about 5.5 to 6.5.

The following are non-limiting examples of aspects and modalities of the present disclosure.

Example 1 An illustrative composition was prepared by mixing the following components.

Example 2 Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the composition by the use of a disc diffusion test.

The nutrient medium was inoculated with fresh bacteria from the gum-tooth junction and cultured at 37 ° C with shaking. 24 hours later, 500 ml of the bacterial suspension was spread on agar petri dishes, and sterile 8 mm nylon disks were placed on the plates. 15 ml of test solution (saline, 1% H2O2 and 4.3% H202) or 500 ml of the composition of Example 1 were applied to the disk, and the plates were incubated at 37 ° C for 24 h. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the composition of Example 1 shows a clear bactericidal activity on the bacteria of the gum-tooth junction as shown in FIG. illustrated by the diameter of the bacteria-free zone around the disk.

It should be appreciated that the description is not limited to the particular embodiments that are described and illustrated in the present invention but includes all modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the description as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease, comprising: providing an antimicrobial composition disposed within a receptacle, the receptacle is fluidly connected to an exterior surface of an applicator having a friction stress value sufficient to cause the mechanical displacement of a biofilm present on a surface of the buccal cavity; dispensing said antimicrobial composition through said applicator onto said outer surface of said applicator; apply the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the oral cavity; Y rubbing said applicator on said surface of the oral cavity and exerting pressure towards said surface of the oral cavity.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein rubbing said applicator on said surface of the buccal cavity and exerting pressure toward said surface of the buccal cavity occurs at the same time that the antimicrobial composition is applied to the surface of the buccal cavity.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein rubbing said applicator on said surface of the buccal cavity and exerting pressure toward said surface of the buccal cavity occurs before applying the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the buccal cavity.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein rubbing said Applicator on said surface of the buccal cavity and exerting pressure towards said surface of the buccal cavity occurs after applying the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the buccal cavity.

5. The method of any of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a step of applying a new antimicrobial composition to the surface of the buccal cavity after rubbing said applicator on said surface of the buccal cavity and exerting pressure towards said surface of the cavity. oral.

6. The method of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the surface of the oral cavity is a surface of the gum, a surface of the tooth, or both surfaces of the gum and the tooth.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the surfaces of the gum or tooth include the periodontal pockets, said method further comprising pushing the antimicrobial composition into the periodontal pockets.

8. The method of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein said antimicrobial composition comprises a source of peroxide.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the source of peroxide is urea peroxide.

10. The method of any of claims 1 to 9, wherein said antimicrobial composition includes hydroxyapatite.

The method of claim 10, wherein the hydroxyapatite has a particle size in the range of 10-200 nm.

12. The method of any of claims 1 to 11, wherein said antimicrobial composition comprises an agent antimicrobial

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the antimicrobial agent is an antibiotic agent.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the antibiotic agent is selected from tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, amoxicillin and azithromycin.

15. The method of claim 12, wherein the antimicrobial agent is an antiviral agent.

16. The method of any of claims 1 to 15, wherein the antimicrobial composition comprises one or more of: fluoride, triclosan, sodium bicarbonate, sweetening agent, detergent, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium, stannous fluoride and an amine fluoride.

17. The method of any of claims 1 to 16, wherein the composition is applied to the surface of the oral cavity at least once a day.

18. The method of any of claims 1 to 16, wherein the composition is applied to the surface of the oral cavity at least once a week.

19. The method of any of claims 1 to 18, wherein a contact area between the outer surface of the applicator and the surface of the buccal cavity is about 0.25-400 mm2, about 4-100 mm2 or about 9-25 mm2.

20. The method of any of claims 1 to 19, wherein the applicator has a friction stress value greater than about 0.001 N / mm2.

21. The method of any of claims 1 to 20, wherein the applicator comprises pores having a diameter of 0.1-1000 pm.

22. The method of any of claims 1 to 21, wherein the outer surface of the applicator comprises bristles.

23. A method for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease, comprising: mechanically displacing a biofilm on a surface of the oral cavity; Y Apply an antimicrobial composition to the surface of the oral cavity.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein applying the antimicrobial composition comprises contacting the surface of the buccal cavity with an exterior surface of an applicator that is fluidly connected to a receptacle containing the antimicrobial composition.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein moving the biofilm mechanically comprises rubbing said surface of the buccal cavity and exerting pressure towards said surface of the buccal cavity with the external surface of the applicator, the external surface of the applicator having a value of friction stress enough to cause the mechanical displacement of the biofilm on the surface of the oral cavity.

26. The method of any of claims 23 to 25, wherein the antimicrobial composition is applied to the surface of the oral cavity at the same time that the biofilm moves mechanically on the surface of the oral cavity.

27. The method of any of claims 23 to 25, wherein the antimicrobial composition is applied to the surface of the buccal cavity before mechanically displacing the biofilm on the surface of the buccal cavity.

28. The method of any of claims 23 to 25, wherein the antimicrobial composition is applied to the surface of the buccal cavity after mechanically displacing the biofilm on the surface of the buccal cavity.

29. The method of any of claims 23 to 25, wherein applying the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the buccal cavity comprises supplying a flow of said antimicrobial composition from a receptacle to an applicator that is rubbed onto the surface of the buccal cavity.

30. The method of any one of claims 23 to 29, wherein the surface of the oral cavity is a surface of the gum, a surface of the tooth, or both surfaces of the gum and the tooth.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein the surfaces of the gum or tooth include the periodontal pockets, said method further comprising pushing the antimicrobial composition into the periodontal pockets.

32. The method of any of claims 23 to 30, wherein said antimicrobial composition comprises a source of peroxide.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the source of peroxide is urea peroxide.

34. The method of any of claims 23 to 33, wherein said antimicrobial composition includes hydroxyapatite.

35. The method of claim 34, wherein the hydroxyapatite has a particle size in the range of 10-200 nm.

36. The method of any of claims 23 to 35, wherein said antimicrobial composition comprises an antimicrobial agent.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein the antimicrobial agent is an antibiotic agent.

38. The method of claim 37, wherein the antibiotic agent is selected from tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, amoxicillin and azithromycin.

39. The method of claim 36, wherein the antimicrobial agent is an antiviral agent.

40. The method of any of claims 23 to 39, wherein the antimicrobial composition comprises one or more of: fluoride, triclosan, sodium bicarbonate, sweetening agent, detergent, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium, stannous fluoride and an amine fluoride.

41. The method of any of claims 23 to 40, wherein the antimicrobial composition is applied to the surface of the buccal cavity and the biofilm is displaced at least once a day.

42. The method of any of claims 23 to 40, wherein the antimicrobial composition is applied to the surface of the oral cavity and the biofilm moves at least once a week.

43. The method of any of claims 24 to 42, wherein the applicator comprises pores having a diameter of 0.1-1000 pm.

44. The method of any of claims 24 to 43, wherein the outer surface of the applicator comprises bristles.

45. The method of any of claims 24 to 44, wherein a contact area between the outer surface of the applicator and the surface of the buccal cavity is about 0.25-400 mm2, about 4-100 m2 or about 9-25 mm2.

46. The method of any of claims 24 to 45, wherein the outer surface of the applicator has a friction stress value greater than about 0.001 N / mm 2.

47. Use of an antimicrobial composition to prevent or treat periodontal disease, wherein the antimicrobial composition is disposed within a receptacle that is fluidly connected to an exterior surface of an applicator to dispense the antimicrobial composition through the applicator onto the exterior surface of the applicator for applying the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the buccal cavity, said exterior surface of the applicator has a value of frictional stress sufficient to cause the mechanical displacement of the biofilm when the outer surface of the applicator is rubbed against the surface of the cavity buccal and pressure is applied to said surface of the oral cavity.

48. The use of claim 47, wherein the receptacle and the applicator are arranged to supply the antimicrobial composition on the exterior surface of the applicator while rubbing said exterior surface on said surface of the oral cavity and exerting pressure toward said surface. of the oral cavity, for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease.

49. The use of claim 47, wherein the applicator and the receptacle are arranged to supply the antimicrobial composition on the outer surface of the applicator before said outer surface of the applicator is rubbed onto said surface of the buccal cavity and pressure is exerted thereto. surface of the oral cavity, for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease.

50. The use of claim 47, wherein the applicator and the receptacle are arranged to supply the antimicrobial composition on the outer surface of the applicator after rubbing said outer surface of the applicator on said surface of the buccal cavity and exerting pressure toward said surface of said mouth. the oral cavity, to prevent or treat periodontal disease.

51. The use of any one of claims 47 to 50, wherein the surface of the oral cavity is a surface of the gum, a surface of the tooth, or both surfaces of the gum and the tooth.

52. The use of any of claims 47 to 51, wherein said antimicrobial composition comprises a source of peroxide.

53. The use of claim 52, wherein the source of peroxide is urea peroxide.

54. The use of any of claims 47 to 53, wherein said antimicrobial composition includes hydroxyapatite.

55. The use of claim 54, wherein the hydroxyapatite has a particle size in the range of 10-200 nm.

56. The use of any of claims 47 to 55, wherein said antimicrobial composition comprises an antimicrobial agent.

57. The use of claim 56, wherein the antimicrobial agent is an antibiotic agent.

58. The use of claim 57, wherein the antibiotic agent is selected from tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, amoxicillin and azithromycin.

59. The use of claim 56, wherein the antimicrobial agent is an antiviral agent.

60. The use of any of claims 47 to 59, wherein the antimicrobial composition comprises one or more of: fluoride, triclosan, sodium bicarbonate, sweetening agent, detergent, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium, stannous fluoride and an amine fluoride.

61. The use of any one of claims 47 to 60, wherein a contact area between the outer surface of the applicator and the surface of the buccal cavity is about 0.25-400 mm2, about 4-100 mm2 or about 9-25 mm2.

62. The use of any of claims 47 to 61, wherein the applicator has a friction stress value greater than about 0.001 N / mm2.

63. The use of any of claims 47 to 62, wherein the applicator comprises pores having a diameter of 0.1 -1000 pm.

64. The use of any one of claims 47 to 63, wherein the surface of the applicator comprises bristles.

65. The use of an antimicrobial composition on a surface of the oral cavity with mechanical displacement of a biofilm on the surface of the oral cavity, for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease.

66. The use of claim 65, wherein the antimicrobial composition is disposed within a receptacle that is fluidly connected to an exterior surface of an applicator to contact the surface of the buccal cavity to apply the antimicrobial composition to the surface of the buccal cavity, said applicator having a friction stress value sufficient to cause the mechanical displacement of the biofilm present in the buccal surface cavity.

67. The use of claim 66, wherein the applicator and the receptacle are arranged to deliver the antimicrobial composition on the exterior surface of the applicator at the same time the biofilm is displaced, for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease.

68. The use of claim 66, wherein the applicator and the receptacle are arranged to supply the antimicrobial composition on the outer surface of the applicator before displacing the biofilm, for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease.

69. The use of claim 66, wherein the applicator and the receptacle are arranged to deliver the antimicrobial composition on the exterior surface of the applicator after displacing the biofilm, for the prevention or treatment of periodontal disease.

70. The use of any one of claims 65 to 69, wherein the surface of the oral cavity is a surface of the gum, a surface of the tooth, or both surfaces of the gum and the tooth.

71. The use of any one of claims 65 to 70, wherein said antimicrobial composition comprises a source of peroxide.

72. The use of claim 71, wherein the source of peroxide is urea peroxide.

73. The use of any of claims 65 to 72, wherein said antimicrobial composition includes hydroxyapatite.

74. The use of claim 73, wherein the hydroxyapatite has a particle size in the range of 10-200 nm.

75. The use of any of claims 65 to 74, wherein said antimicrobial composition comprises an antimicrobial agent.

76. The use of claim 75, wherein the antimicrobial agent is an antibiotic agent.

77. The use of claim 76, wherein the antibiotic agent is selected from tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, amoxicillin and azithromycin.

78. The use of claim 75, wherein the antimicrobial agent is an antiviral agent.

79. The use of any one of claims 65 to 78, wherein the antimicrobial composition comprises one or more of: fluoride, triclosan, sodium bicarbonate, sweetening agent, detergent, chlorhexidine, cetylpyridinium, stannous fluoride and an amine fluoride.

80. The use of any of claims 66 to 79, wherein a contact area between the outer surface of the applicator and the surface of the buccal cavity is about 0.25-400 mm2, about 4-100 mm2 or about 9-25 mm2.

81. The use of any of claims 66 to 80, wherein the applicator has a friction stress value greater than about 0.001 N / mm2.

82. The use of any of claims 66 to 81, wherein the applicator comprises pores having a diameter of 0.1 -1000 pm.

83. The use of any of claims 66 to 82, wherein the surface of the applicator comprises bristles.