MX2014009041A - Hydraulic powered downhole pump. - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydraulically powered downhole jet pump is designed to provide greater flexibility in operations of wells producing oil, gas and/or water. The pump consists of a housing and a carrier assembly. The housing is attached to an inner threaded tubular member and run inside the well casing to a depth as required for optimal operations. The one piece carrier assembly is inserted and seals into the housing with proper orientation of the carrier assembly outlet ports with the housing outlet ports resulting from the combination of a helically or tapered cut guide on the exterior of the carrier assembly and an inward positioned pin in the housing. This feature provides the ability to greatly increase the interior size of the venturi combinations and thereby greatly increase the capacity of the pump to produce formation fluids. The carrier assembly includes a jet nozzle and a diffuser which may be removed remotely from the housing as a unit for service or replacement.

Description

HYDRAULIC POWERED WELL BACKGROUND PUMP CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED REQUESTS This application claims priority to United States serial patent application Number 13/357730 filed on January 25, 2012, entitled "Hydraulic powered downhole pump", case number 19.1022.01 lawyer.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a downhole hydraulically driven jet pump placed in a well for the purpose of producing fluids (oil, gas, and / or water) from a formation having special characteristics that provide flexibility and ease of operations in various types of applications as well. The operation of a jet pump is well known in the art and as such uses high pressure fluid pumped from the surface to a small nozzle of internal diameter, where the fluid is converted at high speed and the lowest pressure. As the fluid exits the nozzle, the pressure at the exit point considerably reduces the processing in this way in the fluids from an external source such as a formation of oil and gas production. Then the mixture was flowed through a mixing tube having a sequentially increasing internal diameter thereby reducing the speed and increasing pressure. As the fluid mixture separates the pump into the annular space of the well, sufficient pressure is available to cause the fluid mixture to return to the surface. 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED TECHNIQUE Coleman Patent No. 5, 372, 190 discloses a jet pump including a jet orifice and the diffuser part not numbered in Figure 9 and a second diffuser member 148 that is attached to a tubular member 164 that includes an edge 166 of alignment cooperating with the pin 170 In order to remove the assembly, the jet orifice and the diffuser part must first be removed and then the second member 148 is recovered using a tool that is lowered by a cable line or flexible tubing and coupling with the profile 204 of the Batho et al patent number 7,114,572 discloses a jet pump 50 and the bottom safety valve 52. For the patent to Kelly et al 7,219,737 it generally describes a jet pump 44 that can be moved up the tube in a recoverable position by fluid injected into the well housing. Finally, patent number 7,909,089 Jackson discloses a jet pump 110 which can be configured to pump fluid from the well through a pipe string.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION According to one aspect of an embodiment of the invention, a jet pump includes a housing and a carrier. The interior of the housing is of a constant diameter, so that the carrier can be easily inverted and therefore provide a means for using the pump as described above but with high pressure power fluid that is transmitted through the annular space between the outer diameter of the inner tubular member and the inner housing with the production of fluid energy and the formation of returning to the surface through the interior of the inner tubular. This method of flow is preferred in wells where the fluid produced is corrosive and therefore it is not desirable to contact the interiors or in sockets where it closed in a fail-safe safety of the valve is desired or required. This configuration is usually called a "reverse flow" pump and requires fixed line operations to execute and recover.

The novel design of the reverse flow pump and the hooking device allows the pump to be placed in the well simply to drop or pump the assembly down to the seat in the correct position and to lock into position to prevent the pump from move upwards when supply fluid pressure is applied to the ring gear. The novel design of the retention device is critical for assembly and is activated to the blocking position by means of pressure applied to the inner pipe and assembly thus temporarily connected. In addition to the placement and locking of the pump in the proper positionA new mechanism is also provided that allows the recovery of the pump without the use of a fixed line tool transmitted by pulling which considerably reduces the operating cost that is normally associated with the recovery of a reverse flow pump.

The recovery mechanism consists of a traction tool with a seal cup placed on top. The mechanism is pumped through the inner tube until it meets and hooks into the fishing neck of the pump lock. Then pressure is applied to the ring and causes an upward force through the sealing cups to move the release sleeve upwards and release the latching stops and thereby allowing the pump and the mounting latch to be forced from new to the surface through continuous circulation in which the assembly can be captured on the surface and removed due to design changes or repairs.

By developing a carrier containing the nozzle and mixing tube in a single component, then the housing can be simple in design with an enlarged inner diameter as compared to the outer diameter compared to other tools on the market. The larger outer diameter of the carrier, therefore, allows the use of larger nozzle and mixing tube diameters and therefore the increase of the production rates of a formation. For example, existing tools from a 3"to 3.5" outside diameter are limited to production rates in the maximum range of 100 gallons per minute, while this new design can easily reach rates over 200 gallons. per minute.

Another objection to the use of existing jet pumps is the incapacity or difficult operations necessary to obtain access to the production formation for the purpose of evaluating formation data or modifying the completion of the well. This innovative design allows easy removal of the carrier, valve and safety valve from the inside of the interior pipe allowing full access through the housing of the remaining pump and the well below. While waiting for such conditions, the carrier, standing valve and safety valve can be removed from the well by reversing the flow direction of feed fluid and capturing the tools as they reach the surface. In wells where the pressure of the formation is low and therefore does not allow reverse circulation, the tools (conveyors, foot valve and safety valve) can be removed using a cable and a special recovery tool to provide a Full access to the wellhead below the pump housing assembly.

In wells located in hostile or sensitive environments, such as arctic zones, wildlife refuges and on the high seas, rules and regulations often require that each well be equipped with a fail-safe valve to avoid that the flow of oil and gas to the surface in the event of a valve failure or the integrity of the well surface. This configuration of the tool can include such a device when it is required or desired and operates by being opened only when the pressure of the energy fluid is applied and closed automatically the pressure of the energy fluid is reduced at any time. Another advantage of the safety device is that there are no limits to the depth at which the valve can be placed as is the case of safety valves that are operated by a special tubular line directed from the surface to the valve and the valve operated by the valve. application of pressure to the line and therefore to the valve.

Another feature of this novel design overcomes the typical problem associated with damaging or washing seals such as "O" rings outside their grooves. In the standard gasket design, there is a requirement to provide a certain amount of "squeeze" as a seal enters a hole in such a way that the interference creates the initial seal between the part containing the seal and the receiving device hole. Most seals are activated to an improved "squeeze" when pressure is applied. By passing in and out of the sealing holesEach entry and exit of a hole seal has the potential to damage the seal and drastically eliminate or reduce the interference and efficiency of the initial joint. The initial seal is critical for the differential pressure applied to further activate the seal. In the new design, the standard type seal that requires some interference fit (squeeze) is replaced with a seal made of an inflatable elastomer that does not require initial compression. The swellable elastomers may be provided that increase in size (swelling) in the presence of fresh water, salt water, oil or gas. All these fluids are normally contained in oil or gas wells. By using an inflatable elastomer as the seal, there is no need for the seal to be installed on an outer diameter greater than the outside metal diameter of the tool and therefore the seal is not exposed to damage that could result from the contact with the well pipe or flow wash while running the tool in the well. Once the tool is positioned in the drills, swelling of the elastomer automatically creates the compression and establishes the initial seal between the tool and the internal hole and can be activated additionally to control high pressure through the application of pressure after having occurred a certain amount of swelling.

Another feature of the invention described is the use of shape memory materials, such as metals, for seal construction. Material with shape memory can be manufactured in a specific way at a base temperature and then shaped in a different way at a different temperature. Therefore, it is feasible for the manufacture of a shape memory material with a size that would create interferences between the carrier and the housing bore at a temperature such as 150 degrees F, typical of oil wells and even shallow gas wells. , but it would not have interference at a lower temperature. Once the tool is placed in the hole of the housing without interference and the temperature increases to well above 150 degrees F, the material returns to the original manufacturing form, which provides the interference and thus the sealing ability . Using a corrosion-resistant metal could greatly improve the life of the seals in the wells where corrosive fluids are produced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DIVERSE VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS (S) Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the housing according to an embodiment of the invention.

Figure La is a view along line AA of figure 1.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the support assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the jet pump assembly.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the jet pump assembly.

Figure 4a is a cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism in a locked position.

Figure 4b is a cross-sectional view of a fishing tool coupling the upper part of the jet pump assembly.

Figure 4c is a view of the upper part of the jet pump assembly as pressure is applied from above to pump the assembly.

Figure 5 is a schematic view of a typical installation as well.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Figure 5 shows a typical construction using a hydraulic injection pump and associated termination equipment. A well typically has a sequence of the cover 11 extending from the surface to or below the production formation 12 and is cemented in place as shown to the 13 slots or perforations 14 in the housing allowing fluid flow. of production of the formation inside the housing 11. An additional tubular member, called tube 15, extends from the surface to a packer 16 sealing the annular space 17 between the tube 15 and the housing 11 a pump housing of Jet 18 runs as an integral part of pipe 15 and is placed above the packer. The housing accepts the pump carrier 19 with the mixing nozzle and tube components and thereby provides the means for artificially raising fluids produced from the bottom 20 of the well to the surface.

Figure 1 is a cross section of a housing 18 that is threaded into the pipe 15 and placed above the packer 16. A top sub 21 connects the pipe to the housing by several types of common yarns for use in oil and gas wells. The upper sub part is connected by wires to a sleeve 22 used for the correct separation of the various sealing holes of the housing. The lower end of the sleeve is connected to the sub-output port 23. The sub-port is connected to a lower sub 24 which in turn is connected by wires to the pipe of the well 15.

Included in Figure 1 is a restricted or smaller diameter within the shoulder 29 for the insertion and restriction of a foot valve (not shown). A guide pin 28 extends into the seal cavity of the outlet sub-port for contact with a helical surface 40 of the lower end of the carrier and thus ensures proper orientation of the carrier when placed inside the carrier. the room.

As shown in more detail in Figure 3, a eccentric flow path 25 extends partially around the inner diameter of the outlet sub-port and provides a means for fluids produced to flow from the formation, through the interior of the tube and together with the carrier for the entry ports 33 of the passenger compartment when the carrier is in its correct position within the housing. A port 26 in the sub outlet port 23 provides a means of communicating the carrier's output flow path 49, through the sub-port exit port and in the annular space 19 of the well.

As shown in the cross section of the support assembly 10 in Figure 2, a fishing neck 31 is provided at the top of the support assembly for the convenience of well recovery using well-known cable connection transmitted fishing tools that are designed to lock on the shoulder 37 and retrieve the well support assembly. A shoulder 3 The lower end of the fishing collar is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the support body 32 and provides a stop means for properly positioning the support assembly within the housing, since it can not pass the shoulder of the support. Figure 27. 1.

The body 32 of the carrier is connected by wires 36 to the fishing neck 31 at the upper end and the lower sub-carrier 39 at the lower end. Internal to the body are the critical components of the pump, nozzle 34 and tube mixture 35 which are each well placed by a shoulder 34a interference fit and 35a, respectively. A series of ports 33 in the wall of the body to allow fluids to enter the interior of the body at the exit end of the nozzle, where a low pressure area has been created as a consequence of the extremely high velocity exiting the tip of produced the nozzle. Fluid pumped through the interior of the pipe and into the interior of the 46-pass carrier in the conical flow path 45 of the nozzle, where the pressure and the increased speed also known in the art are decreased. As the fluid leaves the tip of the nozzle at high speed, a reduction in pressure occurs in response thus pulling the fluids produced in the area immediately below the tip of the nozzle. The fluid mixture enters the mixing tube and a sequentially larger diameter flow path 44 flows down into the mixing tube. With the area of increasing internal flow, the speed is reduced and, subsequently, pressure increase. The flow continues downward within the lower support body with the increase in diameter and is rotated to exit the carrier 45 and through the ports of the outlet sub-port 23 of the housing as shown in Figure 3 where an increase Sufficient pressure at the exit point can overcome the hydrostatic pressure of fluids from the depth of the pump to the surface and thus pump the mixture back to the surface for separation and subsequent processing as may be required to allow the sale of oil and gas and the reuse or elimination of the water produced. A tapered lower end of the lower support body 40 engages with the guide pin 28 which extends into the housing and automatically follows the set-up and in the guide slot 41 to correctly orient the carrier in such a manner that the output ports of the lower support body and the sub-port output are aligned.

In addition to the interference board achieved in the larger diameter of the 31st fishing collar against the upper part sub restraint 27 an additional seal, such as an "O" 34th ring can be provided as a backup sealing mechanism. Additional 48a seals are required to seal above and below the carrier's exit port and the exit ports of the exit sub-port 23

[0028] Under certain conditionsThus, a check valve 79 as shown in Figure 3, often called a foot valve, is necessary to prevent produced and flowing fluids from flowing back into the formation when the pumping has ceased. In this configuration, a fish collar 72 is provided to allow recovery of the foot valve in such cases as access to the desired formation. A shoulder 73 is provided in the foot valve to prevent the valve from passing through the housing seat 29 and provides a metal-to-metal seal between the foot valve and the housing. It could exist as certain conditions, so the formation pressure is lower than the hydrostatic pressure on the foot valve, an equalizing mechanism is provided as a sealed piston 74 which is held in place by the safety pins 75. When recovering the foot valve, it is necessary to add an equalizing tooth to the fishing tool and mechanically contact the piston to forcibly eject the piston and allow the pressures to equalize before attempting to recover the foot valve.

Figures 4, 4a, 4b, and 4c depict the sequential operation of an embodiment of the novel reverse flow pump. Once the support assembly is placed against the restricted shoulder 31a, a temporary device such as a soluble ball 51, a rupture disc or a light weight ball is provided to seal the inside diameter of a slide sleeve 81 with 81a seal which includes a fishing neck 31 and thereby provides a piston area to generate a force when pressure is applied to break the retaining pin 53 and move the neck of the sleeve and fishing downward, forcing the larger diameter shoulder 54 under the stops 56 by which the stops move to the groove 21a of the upper part sub 21 of the pump housing, as shown in Figure 4a.

In this series of representations, the support body 36 containing the nozzle 34 and the mixing tube 35 is thus inverted to provide a pumping means in which the power fluid is pumped through the annular space between the tube 15 and the housing 11 and returns mixture of fluids produced to the surface to the pipe.

Figure 4a shows the locking assembly in position after the application of pressure above the pump and forcing the shoulder 54 into the stops 56 and forcing the stops outwards and inwards of the groove 21a of the upper sub part 21 A variety of means may be added to the end area of the smaller outer diameter section 55 of the fishing neck 31 to provide some resistance to inadvertent upward movement of the fishing neck during the operations of the pump.

Figure 4b represents the initial step of recovering the pump carrier in which a standard type fishing tool 62 that is modified to contain a seal cup 61 or other sealing mechanism to seal at least partially between the tool and the inner wall fishing tube. The fishing tool and the seal cup are then dropped into the tube and dropped to the top of the pump or the assembly can be pumped into position. The end of the fishing tool contains an attachment latch of arms and a shoulder 63 which is allowed to expand over the fishing neck of the pump 31 and the latch under the shoulder of the fishing neck 37. The fishing tool is also provided with a 62a secondary fishing collar in case operational problems require that conventional fixed telephony businesses are used to retrieve the fishing or pump tool.

Figure 4c represents the released position of the pump in which pressure is applied to the ring in the same manner as when pumping operations are activated. The applied pressure acting against the seal cup creates an upward force that moves the fishing neck 31 and the large diameter section 54 upwards and from below the stops 55, allowing the stops to retract from the slot 21a and release the locking mechanism upwards to allow movement of the whole assembly. Fluid circulation continues through the annular space and up to the tube causes the tool to be pumped to the surface where a variety of known technique and methods allow the tool to be captured and removed from the well for repairs, redesign or other modifications .

The seals 48a may be made of an inflatable elastomeric material or a shape memory material. As discussed above, the seals may initially be of a size so that the seals do not deform as the support assembly is placed within the housing. Rather, after exposure to well fluids at elevated temperatures, the seal increases in size to form a seal between the housing and the support assembly.

Although the present invention has been described with respect to specific details, it is not intended that such details be construed as limitations on the scope of the invention, except insofar as they are included in the appended claims.

Claims (13)

1. An assembly of the injection pump comprising: a housing adapted to be joined to a tubular chain and having an exit orifice, a support assembly including a nozzle and a diffuser section, located within the housing and having an outside diameter smaller than the inside diameter of any portion of the housing or tube by which the support assembly can be removed from the housing. accommodation as a unit.

2. A jet pump assembly as claimed in claim 1 further including a pin located in a lower part Z portion of the housing and a conical surface in a lower portion of the support assembly by which the support assembly is correctly oriented within the housing.

3. A jet pump assembly according to claim 2 wherein the carrier diffuser section Set of Z includes an outlet that is aligned by the pin and the conical surface with the outlet port housing.

4. A jet pump assembly according to claim 1 further including a fishing neck provided in a Top Z of the support assembly.

5. A jet pump assembly according to claim 1, further including a recoverable check valve having a fishing neck positioned within a lower portion of the housing.

6. A jet pump assembly according to claim 1 wherein the housing includes an annular groove portion on an inner surface of the housing, a plurality of locking stops captured by an upper portion of the support assembly, and a removable locking device temporarily blocks the flow of fluid through the carrier assembly.

7. A jet pump assembly according to claim 6, wherein the support assembly includes in its Upper Z terminates a sealing mechanism to seal the annular space between the support assembly and the inner tube as the support assembly is forced upward by the fluid pressure.

8. A jet pump assembly according to claim 6 wherein the support of the assembly further includes a fishing neck Z in an upper part thereof.

9. A jet pump assembly according to claim 1 further including at least one hermetic seal between the housing Z and the support assembly.

10. A jet pump assembly according to claim 9 wherein the at least one gasket is formed of an inflatable elastomer material Z.

11. A jet pump assembly according to claim 9 in which at least one joint is formed of a material form with Z memory.

12. A jet pump assembly according to claim 6, further comprising a sliding sleeve having a Fishing collar Z on its upper part and a shoulder adapter to engage and force outward from the locking stop when the sleeve is forced down.

13. A jet pump assembly according to claim 9, further including a slot formed in the housing Z or the support assembly and the seal is within the slot and sized initially to fit fully within the slot.