MX2012003011A

MX2012003011A - Demulsifier compositions for dehydrating and desalting crude oil so as to improve the quality thereof.

Info

Publication number: MX2012003011A
Application number: MX2012003011A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Francisco Javier Hernandez Mendoza
Original assignee: Francisco Javier Hernandez Mendoza
Priority date: 2012-03-12
Filing date: 2012-03-12
Publication date: 2013-09-12

Abstract

The present invention is related to the oil industry in general, particularly referring to chemical compositions used for improving the quality of the sale of crude oil, and more specifically the invention referring to a novel demulsifier composition used for dehydrating and desalting crude oil, which will improve the quality thereof and benefit the economic investment and energy, also obtaining a better income due to the sale of an improved crude, the composition comprising from about 10% to about 20% by weight of at least a formaldehyde phenol alkyl resin with an ethylene-propylene oxide block of an average molecular weight of 600-800; of from about 10% to about 20% by weight of at least a formaldehyde phenol alkyl resin with an ethylene-propylene oxide block of an average molecular weight of 3000 to 4000; from about 3% to about 8% by weight of at least a polymer of polyoxyethylene-propylene block with an ethylenediamide core of an average molecular weight of from about 2500 to abou t 3500; from about 1% to about 5% by weight of at least a propylene ethylene oxide block with a propylene oxide core of an average molecular weight of from about 1000 to about 1200; and from about 40% to about 60% by weight of a mixture of alcohol-aromatic solvents.

Description

UNEMULSIFICANT COMPOSITION FOR DEHYDRATION AND DESALINATION OF RAW OIL TO IMPROVE YOUR QUALITY FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is related to the oil industry in general, in particular it refers to chemical compositions used to improve the quality of crude oil for sale and more specifically refers to a novel demulsifier composition used for the dehydration and desalination of crude oil that it improves its quality and will result in the benefit of economic investment and energy, as well as a higher income from the sale of a better crude.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION According to Manning R. (1992) "Treatments and Process O i I" the production of crude oil is accompanied by small or large amounts of water and salts that are undesirable and non-tradable agents, so crude oil must be dehydrated and desalinate for the following reasons.

In the oil market, crude oil is purchased and sold with a range of 0.1 to 0.5% water volume and 30 to 50 pounds per thousand barrels (LMB) of salinity content.

Crude oil is bought and sold based on gravity "API and a crude with high gravity API is purchased at a better price.The water content in crude oil lowers the API gravity and reduces its selling price.

The shipment and handling of water contained in the crude implies a waste of transport and energy.

The viscosity of the crude increases with the increase in water content. Adding 1% of water generates a 2% increase in the viscosity of a 30"API oil and 4% in a 15 ° API crude.

The mineral salts present in the brine corrode the production equipment, pipelines, tank cars, and crude storage tanks.

In the refining of crude the presence of associated brine contributes to the problems of corrosion and fouling and equipment failures. Under some circumstances the chloride ions are hydrolyzed to hydrochloric acid, which is extremely corrosive.

The water present in the crude can be in free form or emulsified with crude oil. The breaking of these emulsions can become a very serious problem and costly breakage. Likewise, the salt content in the brine produced varies in the range from zero to almost totally saturated.

The application of electrostatic coalescence combined with the addition of chemicals to solve the problem of emulsions, provide the necessary tool to obtain dehydrated and desalinated crude, suitable for transport and sale.

It is well known to apply chemical products or solvents to crude oil at a point where efficient mixing can be done, such as in a pipeline, pipeline or upstream of a static mixer; then, the crude oil comes to rest in a storage tank or dehydrator, although it can also pass through a direct electrostatic dehydration equipment or additionally to improve the degrees of dehydration and desalination.

The equipment and the process itself can achieve the dehydration and desalination of the crude oil, while the addition of the chemical products improves the time of the desired result and decreases the size of the equipment to be used.

It is usually more difficult to remove water and salts from a crude mixture as its API grade is lower, that is, when it is heavier. Sometimes the team can influence more than the process and in others it happens the other way around; but a combination of both will result in the benefit of economic investment and energy as well as a higher income from the sale of a better crude.

There is a wide variety of chemical products that can be applied to crude oil for dehydration purposes and each has its advantages and disadvantages, which are measurable with readings of water and salt content in the treated water. Coupled with these two variables is the resting or contact time between the chemical products and their degree of mixing.

Existing products require more processing time to remove water and salts from crude oil and in many cases fail to remove significant amounts of water and salts, which affects the quality of the oil and therefore the sale price; In addition, with conventional chemical products, dehydration can take up to 36 hours, depending on the characteristics of the crude oil, and it is not possible to establish a percentage reduction in the time that depends on the raw material being treated.

In view of this situation, it was decided to design a de-emulsifying composition for dehydration and desalination of crude oil that has great advantages with respect to the existing compositions in the market, since it manages to considerably improve the quality of the crude oil treated with said composition, without having to make changes in equipment, or existing processes to apply the product developed.

OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a novel demulsifier composition for the dehydration and desalination of crude oil that allows its quality to be improved.

Another objective of the invention is to allow said demulsifying composition for the dehydration and desalination of crude oil, which also efficiently solves the dehydration and desalination of crude oil, and also allows the total sulfur content to be lowered, with which advantages of better quality of the product are obtained. crude, less environmental pollution and higher incomes.

Another objective of the invention is to allow said demulsifying composition for the dehydration and desalination of crude oil, which allows to obtain crude oil with better quality as raw material for the production of fuel such as gasoline and diesel with lower sulfur content, which is an environmental pollutant very important to eliminate to be able to reduce considerably the indexes of contamination and to be able to fulfill with the new laws and environmental standards demanded at world-wide level.

Another objective of the invention is to allow said demulsifiable composition for the dehydration and desalination of crude oil, which also allows to considerably reduce the times of process of elimination of water and salts, which implies greater production and productivity; besides important economic benefits.

Another objective of the invention is to allow said demulsifying composition for the dehydration and desalination of crude oil, which can also be used with the processes and equipment used for these purposes, without the need for development of new equipment and processes.

Another objective of the invention is to allow said demulsifying composition for the dehydration and desalination of crude oil, which also allows to obtain crude oil of better quality that is mostly accepted as raw material in processes of the petrochemical industry in any plant of petrochemical processes.

And all those qualities and objectives that will become apparent when making a general and detailed description of the present invention supported by the illustrated modalities.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention focuses on a de-emulsifying product that is designed to improve any existing process of dehydration and desalination of crude oil.

For the development of the present invention, it was necessary to perform experimentation and various tests commonly called bottle in the oil environment to obtain a mixture of reagents that not only make an efficient dehydration and desalination of crude, in the proportions and dosages as described more down; they also manage to significantly lower the values of total sulfur contained in the crude oil, thus obtaining advantages of better crude quality and higher revenues.

The demulsifying composition used for the dehydration and desalination of crude oil that improves its quality and will result in the benefit of economic investment and energy, as well as a higher income from the sale of a better crude oil, according to the invention, consists of at least an alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with an ethylene-propylene oxide block of average molecular weight of 600-800; at least one alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with ethylene-propylene oxide block of average molecular weight from 3000 to 4000; at least one polyoxyethylene-propylene block polymer with ethylenediamine core of average molecular weight of 2500 to 3500; at least one block copolymer of ethylene propylene oxide with propylene oxide core of average molecular weight of 1000-1200 and a mixture of alcohol-aromatic solvents.

Quantitatively the composition includes: From 10 to 20 weight percent of said at least one alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with ethylene-propylene oxide block of average molecular weight of 600-800.

From 10 to 20% by weight of said at least one alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with ethylene-propylene oxide block of average molecular weight from 3000 to 4000; From 3 to 8% by weight of said at least one polyoxyethylene-propylene block polymer with ethylenediamine core of average molecular weight of 2500 to 3500; From 1 to 5% by weight of said at least one block copolymer of ethylene propylene oxide with propylene oxide core of average molecular weight of 1000-1200; Y 40 to 60% by weight of a mixture of alcohol-aromatic solvents.

Said de-mustering composition acts as a solvent does, that is, it disintegrates the contaminants that support the structures of the crude molecules and that allows them to be held together. In the peripheral part of the molecules of asphaltenes and paraffins, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen are usually installed and bound in the form of very complex molecules, which does not allow the small drops of water in emulsion to be separated, so that when disintegrating These molecules, the crude becomes physically softer and when these molecules are opened, the water is separated.

The de-emulsifying product disintegrates the crude packs, paraffins, asphaltenes and others that encapsulate or retain the water in the form of an emulsion within the liquid or solid phase of the crude, which facilitates the small water droplets to mix and fall between them. the oily phase to the aqueous phase and thus achieve the desirable separation.

Once the free water, you will find other water molecules, which will be attracted by their characteristics of polar affinity and molecular structure, managing to form larger and, consequently, heavier molecules. If the water is heavier than the oil, the large drops of water, which is known as the coalescence effect, tend to fall by gravity from the oily phase to the aqueous phase, which, being heavier, keep in the bottom of any type of container that contains it. Due to differences in density, water is separated and always remains under oil, diesel, fuel oil, gasoline and any other hydrocarbon that is less heavy than water. In rare cases where the oil is heavier than water, heating must be used to reverse the phases and continue with the process of dehydration and desalination.

During the process, the pressure and temperature do not matter as long as the crude mixture is kept within the limits of 0 ° C to 120 ° C. The pressure can be from 0 pounds / square inch gauge to 1,500. pounds per square inch gauge.

The dosage of the demulsifier goes from 1 part per million in volume up to 1000 parts per million in volume and must be mixed until the mixture is homogeneous in the distribution of the de-muster within the hydrocarbon to be treated, which represents a variable value of 1 minute up to 30 hours and should be left to stand for 1 minute up to 36 hours, preferably 1 to 30 minutes.

The pressure at which the demulsifier is applied is slightly higher than that of the closed system containing the hydrocarbon to be treated. To measure the yield and benefits obtained during its application, the following variables must be recorded, as minimum input and output: API grades, density, dynamic viscosity, crude shrinkage, water content in the form of emulsion% by volume, salt content in pounds per thousand barrels of crude oil and content of fats and oils in parts per million contained in the separated water.

The additional effect is the release of the sulfur that will remain in the aqueous phase in the form of sulfones. In addition, a low value of sulfur content is accepted by almost any petrochemical process plant, while only some are designed and prepared to process crude with high sulfur content and because it is now of first importance to reduce environmental pollution and new laws and global environmental standards demand less and less content of this pollutant in fuels such as gasoline and diesel.

The invention contemplates the use of aromatics and a cyclic additive derived from hydrocarbon which is found between chains of carbon-hydrogen bonds between the range of pentane and nonane and whose application can vary in the composition of the emuler and which is added in quality of additive in 0.0001 parts per million in weight with respect to the total of the demuler applied to the crude oil and whose dosage is between 1 to 1000 parts per million in volume of crude oil and up to 20% in weight a with respect to the mixture that forms the composition of the de-emuling product in any of the existing conventional formulations.

The performance is improved and is claimed with the use of sonic vibration of high and low frequency, the use of heating, electrostatic vibration, use of X-ray radiation of closed angle, mixing of chemical products containing alkaline-based products and tank of the type API, storage and "gun barrel"; systems, processes and equipment that are in the public domain and that is not necessary to describe because they are very well known in the world of the petroleum industry.

The invention has been sufficiently described so that a person with average knowledge in the field can reproduce and obtain the results mentioned in the present invention. However, any person skilled in the art who is competent in the present invention may be able to make modifications not described in the present application, however, if for the application of these modifications in a certain structure or in the manufacturing process of the same, it is required of the matter claimed in the following claims, said structures should be understood within the scope of the invention.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N S Having sufficiently described the invention, the content of the following rei-indicator clauses is claimed as property.

1. A demulsifying composition for deshiratization and desalting of crude oil to improve its quality, characterized in that it comprises at least one alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with an ethylene-propylene oxide block of average molecular weight of 600-800; at least one alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with ethylene-propylene oxide block of average molecular weight from 3000 to 4000; at least one polyoxyethylene-propylene block polymer with ethylenediamine core of average molecular weight of 2500 to 3500; at least one block copolymer of ethylene propylene oxide with propylene oxide core of average molecular weight of 1000-1200 and a mixture of alcohol-aromatic solvents.

2. The demulsifying composition for dehydration and desalting of crude oil to improve its quality, according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes from 10 to 20 weight percent of said at least one alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with ethylene oxide block. propylene of average molecular weight of 600-800; from 10 to 20% by weight of said at least one alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with ethylene-propylene oxide block of average molecular weight from 3000 to 4000; from 3 to 8% by weight of said at least one polyoxyethylene-propylene block polymer with ethylenediamine core of average molecular weight of 2500 to 3500; from 1 to 5% by weight of said at least one block copolymer of ethylene propylene oxide with propylene oxide core of average molecular weight of 1000-1200; and from 40 to 60% by weight of a mixture of alcohol-aromatic solvents.

3. - The demulsifying composition for dehydration and desalination of crude oil to improve its quality, according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the dosage ranges from 1 part per million in volume to 1000 parts per million in volume and must be mixed until the mixture is homogeneous.

4. The demulsifying composition for dehydration and desalination of crude oil to improve its quality, in accordance with the above indications, characterized in that the distribution time of said demulsifying composition within the hydrocarbon to be treated ranges from 1 minute to 30 hours.

5. The demulsifying composition for dehydration and desalination of crude oil to improve its quality, according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the resting time of the crude oil when said demulsifying composition has been incorporated ranges from 1 minute to 36 hours and preferably from 1 to 36 hours. 30 minutes.

6. The de-emulsifying composition for dehydration and desalination of crude oil to improve its quality, according to the previous claims, characterized in that said composition includes a cyclic additive derived from hydrocarbon which is between carbon-hydrogen chain bonds between the range of. pentane and nonane, which is added as an additive in 0.0001 parts per million by weight with respect to the total de-emulsifier applied to crude oil and whose dosage is between 1 to 1000 parts per million by volume of crude oil and up to 20% by weight with respect to the mixture that forms the composition of the demulsifying product.

7. - The use of a composition according to claims 1 to 5 and a hydrocarbon-derived cyclic additive according to claim 6, for dehydrating and desalting crude oil to improve its quality, as well as for lowering the total sulfur content in the treated crude. SUMMARY The present invention is related to the oil industry in general, in particular it refers to chemical compositions used to improve the quality of crude oil for sale and more specifically refers to a novel demulsifier composition used for the dehydration and desalination of crude oil that improves its quality and will result in the benefit of economic investment and energy, as well as a higher income from the sale of a better crude oil, characterized by comprising from 10 to 20 weight percent of at least one alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with ethylene oxide block -propylene of average molecular weight of 600-800; from 10 to 20% by weight of at least one alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin with ethylene-propylene oxide block of average molecular weight from 3000 to 4000; from 3 to 8% by weight of at least one polyethylene-propylene copolymer polymer with ethylenediamine core of average molecular weight of 2500 to 3500; from 1 to 5% by weight of at least one ethylene propylene oxide block copolymer with propylene oxide core of average molecular weight of 1000-1200; and from 40 to 60% by weight of a mixture of alcohol-aromatic solvents.