MX2008007395A - Tissue products having enhanced cross-machine directional properties - Google Patents

Abstract

Tissue products are disclosed having desirable strength, stretch and softness properties. In particular, the tissue products exhibit relatively high strength while still having a relatively low stiffness and a significant amount of stretch. The tissue webs generally comprise uncreped through-air dried webs. In accordance with the present disclosure, the webs are formed in a through-air drying process in which the transfer fabric and the through-air drying fabric are both textured fabrics having a substantially uniform high strain distribution in the cross-machine direction. Various improvements in properties in the cross-machine direction are exhibited by deforming or molding a tissue web against one or more of the fabrics during the tissue making process.

Description

TISU PRODUCTS THAT HAVE PROPERTIES IN THE TRANSVERSAL DIRECTION TO THE IMPROVED MACHINE Background of the Invention In the manufacture of tissue products such as bath tissue, a wide variety of product characteristics should be given attention in order to provide a final product with the appropriate mix of attributes suitable for the intended purposes of the products. Improved softness of the tissues without compromising the resistance is a continuous objective in the manufacture of tissue, especially for highly requested products. The softness, however, is a perceived property of the tissues that comprises many factors including thickness, softness, and foaming.

In order to improve the softness of the tissue products while retaining sufficient strength, several tissue products of two strata have been proposed. However, in terms of manufacturing economy, multi-layer products are typically more expensive to produce than single-layer products. Therefore, a need exists for a tissue product of a single stratum with high volume and softness while retaining the strength.

Traditionally, tissue products have been used made using a wet pressure process in which a significant amount of water is removed from the wet laid fabric by pressing the fabric before final drying. In one embodiment, for example, while being supported by a felt for making absorbent paper, the fabric is pressed between the felt and the surface of the heated rotating cylinder (Yankee dryer) using a pressure roller as the fabric is transferred to the surface of the Yankee dryer for final drying. The dried fabric is then detached from the Yankee dryer with a doctor blade (creping), which serves to partially disengage the dry fabric by breaking many of the previously formed joints during the wet pressure stages of the process. Creping generally improves softness of the tissue, although at a loss of strength.

Recently, continuous drying has increased in popularity as a means of drying tissue tissues. Continuous drying provides a relatively uncompressed method of removing water from the fabric by passing warm air through the fabric until it dries. More specifically, a wet laid fabric is transferred to a continuously permeable, rough and dried continuous dried fabric on the dried cloth in a continuous manner until it is at least almost completely dry. The resulting dried fabric may be softer and more bulky than a wet pressed sheet because smaller paper-forming bonds are formed and because the fabric is less dense. Tightening the water of the wet fabric is eliminated, even if subsequent transfer of the fabric to a Yankee dryer for creping is still frequently used for final drying and / or softening the resulting tissue.

Even more recently, significant advances have been made in high volume sheets as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,607,551; 5,772,845; 5,656,132; 5,932,068; and 6,171,442, which are all incorporated herein by reference. These patents describe soft continuous dried tissues made without the use of a Yankee dryer.

Still in view of the advances described in the above patents, other improvements are still necessary in the processes used to produce tissue products, such as bath tissues, facial tissues and paper towels. The present disclosure is generally directed to tissue products having improved properties, especially in the transverse direction to the machine.

Definitions A tissue product as described in this description means including paper products made from base fabrics such as bath tissues, facial tissues, paper towels, industrial cleansing cloths, cleaning cloths for food services, napkins, medical pads, and other similar products.

Pulp fibers, as used herein, include all known cellulose fibers or blends of fibers comprising cellulose fibers. Suitable fibers for making the fabrics of this description comprise any natural cellulose fibers including, but not limited to non-woody fibers, such as cotton, abaca, kenaf, sabai grass, flax, esparto grass, straw, jute, bagasse, milkweed yarn fibers, and pineapple fiber; and of woody fibers such as those obtained from coniferous and deciduous trees, including softwood fibers, such as soft wood kraft fibers from the north and south; hardwood fibers, such as eucalyptus, maple, elm, and poplar. Woody fibers can be prepared in high production or low production form and pulp can be made from any known method, including kraft, sulfite, high production pulping methods and other known pulping methods. Fibers prepared from methods for making organosolv pulp can also be used, including the fibers and methods described in U.S. Patent No. 4,793,898, issued December 27, 1988, to Laamanen et al .; U.S. Patent No. 4,594,130, issued June 10, 1986, to Chang et al .; and U.S. Patent No. 3,585,104. Useful fibers can also be produced by making anthraquinone pulp, exemplified in U.S. Patent No. 5,595,828, issued January 21, 1997, to Gordon et al. A part of the fiber supply, such as up to 50% or less by dry weight, or from about 5% to about 30% by dry weight may be synthetic fibers, such as rayon, polyolefin fibers, fibers of polyester, bicomponent sheath-core fibers, multi-component binder fibers, and the like. One exemplary polyethylene fiber is Pulpax®, available from Hercules, Inc. (of Wilmington, Delaware). Any known bleaching method can be used. The types of synthetic cellulose fibers include rayon in all its varieties and other fibers derived from viscose or chemically modified cellulose. The chemically treated natural cellulose fibers can be used such as mercerized pulp, chemically crosslinked or crosslinked fibers, or sulfonated fibers. For good mechanical properties in using fibers for making paper, it may be desirable for the fibers to be relatively undamaged and largely unrefined or only slightly refined. While recycled fibers can be used, virgin fibers are generally useful for their mechanical properties and lack of contaminants. Mercerized fibers, regenerated cellulose fibers, cellulose produced by microbes, rayon, or other cellulose material or cellulose derivatives can be used. Suitable papermaking fibers may also include recycled fibers, virgin fibers, or mixtures thereof. In certain embodiments capable of high volume or good compression properties, the fibers may have a Standard Canadian Freedom of at least 200, more specifically of at least 300, more specifically of at least 400, and more specifically of at least 500. .

Other pulp fibers that may be used in the present disclosure include broken paper or recycled fibers and high production fibers. High production pulp fibers are these papermaking fibers produced by pulping processes that provide a production of about 65% or more, more specifically about 75% or more, and even more specifically about 75%. to around 95%. The production is the resulting quantity of processed fibers expressed as a percentage of the initial wood mass. Such pulping processes include bleached quimotermomechanical pulp (BCTMP), quimotermomechanical pulp (CTMP), pressure / pressure thermomechanical pulp (PTMP), thermomechanical pulp (TMP), thermomechanical chemical pulp (TMCP), high sulphite production pulps, and high production kraft pulp, all of which leave the resulting fibers with high levels of lignin. High production fibers are well known for their stiffness in both dry and wet states relative to typical fibers made chemically pulp.

Stress Resistance, Geometric Mean Stress Resistance (GMT), Absorbed Stress Energy (TFA), and Percent Stretching: The stress test is performed using tissue samples that are conditioned at 23 degrees Celsius +/- 1 degree Celsius and 50% +/- 2% relative humidity for a minimum of 4 hours. Samples are cut into strips 3 inches wide in the machine direction (MD) and machine direction (CD) using a precision sample cutter model JDC 15M-10, available from Thwing-Albert Instruments , a business that has offices located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.

The length gauge of the tension frame is set to 4 inches. The stress framework can be an Alliance RT / l framework running the TestWorks 4 software. The voltage framework and software are available from MTS Systems Corporation, a business that has offices located in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America.

A 3-inch strip is then placed in the jaws of the tension frame and subjected to a tension of 10 inches per minute up to the point of failure of the sample. The tension on the tissue strip is monitored as a function of the tension. The calculated outputs include the peak load (grams-force / 3 inches, measured in grams-force), the peak stretch (% calculated by dividing the elongation of the sample by the original length of the sample and multiplying by 100%), the Stretch% @ 500 grams force, tensile energy absorption (TEA) to break (grams - "centimeter / centimeter2" force when integrating or taking the area under the voltage-tension curve up to about 70% of the failure of sample), and the inclination A (kilograms force, measured as the inclination of the tension-tension curve from 57-150 grams-force).

Each tissue code (minimum of five replicates) is tested in the machine direction (MD) and in the cross machine direction (CD). Geometric means of tensile strength and voltage energy absorption (TEA) are calculated as the square root of the product of the machine direction (MD) and the cross machine direction (CD). This produces an average value that is independent of the test direction.

The Incline A in the Direction to the Machine or Tilt A in the Transversal Direction to the Machine is a measure of the stiffness of a sheet and is also referred to as the elastic modulus. The inclination of a sample in the direction to the machine or in the direction transverse to the machine is a measure of the inclination or a tension-tension curve of a sheet taken during a stress test (see the definition of resistance of tension above) and is expressed in units of grams of force. In particular, the inclination A is taken as the least squares of adjustment of the data between the values of tension of 70 grams of force and 157 grams of force.

The tension in the cross-machine direction / stretch in the cross machine direction is the amount of tension resistance needed to generate 1% stretch in the sample in the direction transverse to the machine. This value is calculated by taking the peak load in the direction transverse to the machine and divided by the stretch obtained at 500 grams of force or the peak load whichever is less.

The Absorbed Tension Energy in the Direction Transversal to the Machine / Stretch in the Transversal Direction to the Machine is the amount of absorbed voltage energy needed to create 1% stretch. This value is calculated by dividing the energy of tension absorbed in the direction transverse to the machine by the stretching of the sample in the direction transverse to the machine.

The volume is calculated as the quotient of the caliber of a dry tissue sheet, expressed in microns, divided by the dry basis weight, expressed in grams per square meter.

The volume of the resulting sheet is expressed in cubic centimeters per gram. More specifically, the caliber is measured as the total thickness of a stack of ten representative sheets and dividing the total thickness of the pile by ten, where each sheet inside the stack is placed with the same side up. The size is measured in accordance with the test method T411 om-89"Thickness (gauge) of Paper, Cardboard and Cardboard Combined", of the Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI), with note 3 for stacked sheets. The micrometer used to perform the T411 om-89 test is the Emveco 200-A Tissue Caliber Tester, available from Emveco, Inc., of Newberg, Oregon. The micrometer has a load of 2.00 kilo-pascals (132 grams per square inch), a foot pressure area of 2500 square millimeters, a foot pressure diameter of 58.42 millimeters, a dwell time of 3 seconds, and a of descent of 0.8 millimeters per second.

Synthesis of the Invention The present disclosure is generally directed to tissue products having improved cross-machine direction properties. These properties include relatively high peak stretch, relatively low slope, and increased tension energy absorbed in the cross machine direction. Therefore, products made in accordance with the present disclosure have relatively low stiffness with increased extensibility at relatively high strength levels.

The present inventors have discovered that the above properties can be obtained particularly in creped air-dried fabrics. In addition, the properties can be obtained without having to apply any bonding materials or binders to the surfaces of the fabric or to otherwise incorporate such materials into the fabric. In accordance with the present disclosure, the fabrics are formed in a continuous air drying process in which a transfer fabric and a fabric continuously dried by air are both textured fabrics having a substantially uniform high voltage distribution. in the direction transverse to the machine. In the past, the transfer fabric tended to be softer and less textured than the fabric continuously dried by air.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure is directed to a tissue product of a single stratum comprising a tissue of tissue containing pulp fibers. For example, the tissue of tissue may contain pulp fibers in an amount greater than about 50% by weight, such as in an amount greater than about 80% by weight. The tissue of tissue may have a dry volume of at least about 3 cubic centimeters per gram, such as at least about 8 cubic centimeters per gram, such as at least about 10 cubic centimeters per gram. In accordance with the present disclosure, the tissue of tissue may have a geometric average tensile strength of less than about 1,000 grams per 3 inches, such as less than about 900 grams per 3 inches, such as less than about one inch. 700 grams by 3 inches. At these resistance levels, the tissue of the tissue may have a cross-machine direction stretch of greater than about 11%, such as greater than about 13%, such as greater than about 15%. The inclination A in the cross-machine direction of the product can be less than about 3 kilograms, such as less than about 2.5 kilograms. The tension in the transverse direction to the machine / stretch in the cross-machine direction can be less than about 50, such as less than about 30. The tension energy absorbed in the cross machine / stretch direction in the cross-machine direction, on the other hand, it may be less than about 0.4, such as less than about 0.35, such as less than about 0.3.

In one embodiment, the tissue of tissue can comprise a fabric continuously dried by air without creping. For example, the fabric can be formed in a continuously dried process by air placed wet. During the process, the fabric can be transported on a transfer fabric placed immediately upwards from a dryer in a continuous form by air. From the transfer fabric, the fabric can be continuously transferred to a dryer by air which is configured to transport the fabric through the dryer continuously by air. In order to obtain the above properties, both the transfer fabric and the fabric of the dryer in continuous air form can comprise textured fabrics having a cross-machine direction design.

For example, the transfer fabric and dryer fabric in continuous air form can comprise of multilayer fabrics having from about 5 to about 15 elements raised per centimeter, such as from about 9 to about 11 elements raised per centimeter in the machine direction. The raised elements can have a height from about 0.3 millimeters to about 5 millimeters, such as from about 0.3 millimeters to about 1 millimeter, such as from about 0.3 millimeters to about 0.5 millimeters. The raised elements may comprise ripples having a width from about 0.3 millimeters to about 1 millimeter. When viewed in the direction transverse to the machine, the corrugations may have a sinusoidal wave frequency from about 0.5 millimeters to about 2 millimeters.

While being transported on at least one transfer fabric or the dryer fabric continuously by air, the tissue tissue can be molded against the fabric that has been found to improve the properties of the fabric, especially in the transverse direction to the fabric. machine.

In one embodiment, the tissue product can demonstrate improved properties even in relation to many products of two commercially available strata. For example, in one embodiment, the tissue product may have a cross-machine direction stretch greater than about 15%, while having machine direction / cross machine direction tension in the direction transverse to the machine. less than about 30 and a total energy absorbed in the cross-machine direction / drawn in the cross-machine direction of less than 0.4. The tissue product may also have an inclination in the transverse direction to the machine of less than about 3 kilograms in geometric mean tension resistances of less than about 1,000 grams per 3 inches, such as less than about 700 grams per 3 inches, such as less than about 500 grams per 3 inches.

Other features and aspects of the present disclosure are described in more detail below.

Brief Description of the Drawings A complete and authoritative description of the present disclosure, including the best mode thereof for one with ordinary skill in the art, is pointed out more particularly in the specification, including reference to the accompanying Figures in which: Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a process for making tissue tissues in accordance with the present disclosure, and Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view in the cross-machine direction of an exemplary illustration showing an incorporation of a transfer fabric that can be used in the process of the present disclosure.

The repeated use of reference characters in the present specification and drawings is intended to present the same or analogous features or elements of the present disclosure.

Detailed description It should be understood for one of ordinary skill in the art that the present description is a description of exemplary embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the broad aspects of the present disclosure, the broad aspects of which are incorporated in the exemplary construction.

In general, the present disclosure is directed to tissue products having a unique combination of properties and to a process for producing the products. More particularly, tissue products made in accordance with the present disclosure have improved properties especially in the transverse direction to the machine or in the direction of the width of the tissue as formed during a tissue making process. The tissue products made in accordance with the present disclosure may comprise single-layer products or multi-layer products, such as two-layer products. Such tissue products may include bath tissues and facial tissues. Paper towels, napkins and other similar products can also be produced.

The tissues of tissue made in accordance with the present disclosure generally comprise fabrics dried continuously by air without creping. In order to produce the fabrics with the improved properties, the tissue of tissue is transported through a continuous drying process by air using a transfer fabric immediately upwards from a drying cloth in a continuous form by air in which both fabrics comprise fabrics substantially uniform and highly tensioned. For example, the fabrics can have a uniform machine-directional stress distribution with from about 5% to about 25% tension in the length path in the cross-machine direction, such as from around from 10% to about 20% in the tension of the length path in the direction transverse to the machine. In a particular embodiment, for example, the fabric may have a tension in the length path in the cross-machine direction of approximately 15%.

As described above, tissue tissues made in accordance with the present disclosure have improved properties, especially in the transverse direction to the machine. For example, tissue tissues have relatively low stiffness, have increased extensibility and have improved durability all in the transverse direction to the machine.

For example, in an embodiment, a tissue of tissue can be made in accordance with the present disclosure having a geometric mean stress (GMT) strength of less than about 1,000 grams per 3 inches, such as less than about 700 grams per 3 inches, such as less than about 500 grams per 3 inches, and a cross machine direction stretch of at least about 11%, such as at least 13%, such as at least about 15%. Additionally, the tissue of tissue can have a tensile strength in the transverse direction to the machine / stretch in the transverse direction to the machine of less than about 50, such as less than about 40, such as less than about of 30, which indicates the amount of tensile strength in grams in order to obtain 15 of stretch. The tissue tissues can also have a tension energy absorbed in the machine-transverse direction (TEA) / stretched in the transverse direction to the machine of less than about 0.4, such as less than about 0.3. In addition to having improved stretch characteristics and resistance in the cross machine direction, the products also exhibit relatively low stiffness. For example, the products may have an inclination in the transverse direction to the machine of less than about 3 kilograms, such as less than about 2.5 kilograms.

The basis weight of the tissue products made in accordance with the present disclosure may vary depending on the particular application and whether the product is a product of a single stratum or a product of multiple strata. For products of a single stratum, for example, the base weight of the products can be from around 15 grams per square meter to around 45 grams per square meter. For products of multiple strata, on the other hand, the basis weight can be from around 15 grams per square meter to around 50 grams per square meter.

As noted above, such products have a geometric average tensile strength generally of less than about 1,000 grams per 3 inches and are particularly suitable for producing facial tissues and hand tissues. The tissue product can be sold to consumers as a spirally wound product or can be sold to consumers as separately stacked sheets.

The tissue products can also be produced with the above properties while also minimizing the presence of pinholes. The degree of such pinholes that are present can be quantified by the Pinhole Coverage index, the Pinhole Count index and the Pinhole Size index, all of which are determined by a test method. optics known in the art and described in the patent application of the United States of America serial number US 2003/0157300 In the name of Burazin et al., entitled "Wide Relief Tissue Sheets and the Method for Making Same", published on August 21, 2003, and which is incorporated herein by reference. More particularly, the Pinhole Coverage index is the arithmetic mean percentage area of the surface area of the sample, viewed from above, which is covered or occupied by the pinholes. Tissue fabrics made in accordance with the present disclosure may have a Pinhole Coverage index of about 0.25 or less, such as from about 0.20 or less., such as from about 0.15 or less, and, in one embodiment, from about 0.05 to about 0.15. The pinhole count index is the number of pin holes per 100 square centimeters that has an equivalent circular diameter (ECD) greater than 400 microns. Fabrics made in accordance with the present disclosure may have a Pinhole Count index of about 65 or less, such as about 60 or less, such as about 50 or less, such as about 40. or less, and in one embodiment, from about 5 to about 50, such as from about 5 to about 40.

The Pinhole Size Index has the equivalent average circular diameter for all pinholes having an equivalent circular diameter greater than 400 microns. For fabrics made in accordance with the present disclosure, the pinhole size index can be about 600 or less, such as about 500 or less, such as from about 400 to about 600, such as from around 450 to around 550.

The base fabrics that may be used in the process of the present disclosure may vary depending on the particular application. For example, fabrics can be made from any suitable type of fiber. For example, the base fabric can be made of pulp fibers, other natural fibers, synthetic fibers, and the like.

Pulp fibers useful for purposes of this disclosure include any cellulose fibers that are known to be useful for making tissue products, particularly those fibers useful for making relatively low density fabrics such as facial tissue, bath tissue, paper, table napkins, and the like. Suitable fibers include virgin softwood and hardwood fibers, as well as secondary or recycled cellulose fibers, and mixtures thereof. Especially suitable hardwood fibers include eucalyptus and maple fibers. As used herein, the secondary fibers mean any cellulose fibers that have previously been isolated from their original matrix by physical, chemical or mechanical means and, further, have been formed into a fiber fabric, dried to a moisture content about 10 percent by weight or less and subsequently re-insulated from the tissue matrix by some physical, chemical or mechanical means.

The tissue tissues according to the present invention can be made with a homogeneous fiber supply or can be formed from a stratified fiber supply that produces layers within the product of a single stratum. Stratified base fabrics can be formed using equipment known in the art, such as a multilayer main box. Both strength and softness of the base fabric can be adjusted as desired through the layered tissues, such as those produced from stratified headboxes.

For example, different fiber supplies can be used in each layer in order to create a layer with the desired characteristics. For example, layers containing softwood fibers have higher tensile strengths than layers containing hardwood fibers. Hardwood fibers, on the other hand, can increase the softness of the fabric. In one embodiment, the base fabric of a single stratum of the present invention includes a first outer layer and a second outer layer containing mainly hardwood fibers. The hardwood fibers can be mixed, if desired, with broken paper in an amount of up to about 13% by weight and / or softwood fibers in an amount of up to about 30% by weight. The base fabric further includes a middle layer positioned between the first outer layer and the second outer layer. The middle layer can mainly contain soft wood fibers. If desired, other fibers, such as high production fibers or synthetic fibers may be mixed with the soft wood fibers.

When a fabric of a stratified fiber supply is constructed, the relative weight of each layer may vary depending on the particular application. For example, in one embodiment, when constructing a fabric containing three layers, each layer may be from about 16% to about 50% of the total weight of the fabric, such as from about 25% to about 35% of the total weight of the fabric. tissue weight.

The tissue tissue may contain pulp fibers and may be formed in a wet process that incorporates a continuous air dryer. In a wet-laid process, the fiber supply is combined with water to form an aqueous suspension. The aqueous suspension is spread on the wire or felt and dried to form the fabric.

In an embodiment, the base fabric is formed by a continuous drying process by air without creping.

More particularly, in accordance with the present disclosure, a highly tensioned and textured transfer fabric and a fabric dried in continuous form by highly tensioned air are used in the process during the production of the fabrics and contributing to the obtained improved and unique properties. . With reference to Figure 1, a flow diagram of the schematic process illustrating a method for making sheets continuously dried without creping in accordance with this illustrated embodiments. A double wire former is shown having a main paper box 10 which injects or deposits a jet 11 of aqueous suspension of paper fibers into the forming fabric 13 which serves to support and carry the newly formed wet fabric downwardly. in the process as the fabric is partially dewatered to a consistency of about 10 percent by dry weight. Specifically, the fiber suspension is deposited on the forming fabric 13 between a forming roll 14 and another draining cloth 12. Further dewatering of the wet fabric may be performed, such as by vacuum action, while the wet fabric is supported by the training fabric.

The wet fabric is then transferred from the forming fabric to a transfer fabric 17 which moves at a slower speed than the forming fabric in order to impart increased stretch in the fabric. The transfer is preferably performed with the assistance of a vacuum shoe 18 and a kiss transfer to prevent compression of the wet tissue. If desired, the fabric can be transferred against the transfer fabric 17 under sufficient pressure to cause the sheet to conform to the fabric.

The fabric is then transferred from the transfer fabric to the drying cloth in a continuous fashion 19 with the aid of a vacuum transfer roller 20 or a vacuum transfer shoe. The continuous drying fabric can be moved at about the same speed or at different speeds relative to the transfer fabric. If desired, the drying cloth in continuous form can run at a slower speed to further improve the stretching. The transfer is preferably performed with vacuum assist to ensure deformation of the sheet to conform to the drying fabric in a continuous manner thus producing the desired volume and appearance.

As described above, according to the present disclosure, the process is performed in such a way that both the transfer fabric 17 and the continuous air drying fabric 19 comprise textured fabrics having a tension distribution in the direction transverse to the machine substantially uniform. For example, the fabrics may have a tension in the length path in the cross-machine direction from about 10% to about 20%, such as from about 14% to about 16%.

Suitable textured or three dimensional fabrics which can be used as the transfer fabric and the continuous air drying fabric are fabrics which may include an upper surface and a lower surface. During molding and / or continuous air drying, the upper surface supports the wet tissue. The moist tissue tissue conforms to the upper surface and during the molding is tensioned into a 3-dimensional topography shape corresponding to the three-dimensional topography of the upper surface of the fabric.

Adjacent to the undersurface, the fabric may have a weave layer that integrates the fabric and provides a relatively smooth surface for contacting various elements of the tissue machine.

The transfer fabric and the continuous air drying fabric, for example, may have textured sheet contact surfaces comprising substantially continuous machine direction edges separated by valleys (see, for example, the application for patent of the United States of America serial number 2003/0157300 In the name of Burazin et al., which is incorporated herein by reference).

For example, both fabrics can have a dominant design in the machine direction comprising from about 5 to about 15 items raised per centimeter in the machine direction, such as from about 9 to about 11 items raised by centimeter. The raised elements can have a height from about 0.3 millimeters to about 5 millimeters, such as from about 0.3 millimeters to about 1 millimeter, such as from about 0.3 millimeters to about 0.5 millimeters. The raised elements may comprise grooves having a width from about 0.3 millimeters to about 1 millimeter. A line trace in the cross-machine direction of the fabric, for example, may have an approximate structure of a wave, such as a sine wave. For example, with reference to Figure 2, for exemplary purposes only, a cross section of a fabric 100 in the cross-machine direction is shown by illustrating the structure of a wave. For fabrics used in accordance with the present disclosure, the wave may have an amplitude of from about 0.3 millimeters to about 0.7 millimeters, such as about 0.5 millimeters and a frequency from about 0.5 millimeters to about 2 millimeters, such as of about 1 millimeter.

In one embodiment, both the transfer fabric and the continuous air drying fabric may comprise the same fabric or a different but similar fabric. In a particular embodiment, the transfer fabric and the continuous air drying fabric comprise the fabric t-1207-6 obtained from Voith Fabrics, Inc.

The use of textured and highly tensioned fabrics as described above in both the transfer fabric and drying fabric positions continuously by air unexpectedly has produced products that have a unique combination of properties and improved characteristics, especially in the direction transversal to the machine. In the past, many conventional processes used a transfer fabric that has a relatively smooth surface (less texture than the drying cloth in continuous form) in order to impart softness to the fabric. The present inventors, however, have discovered that using a textured and highly tensioned fabric as described above can provide several benefits and advantages.

The level of vacuum used for tissue transfers can be, for example, from about 3 to about 25 inches of mercury, such as from about 6 inches of mercury to about 15 inches of mercury. The vacuum shoe (negative pressure) can be supplemented or replaced by the use of positive pressure from the opposite side of the fabric to blow the fabric into the next fabric in addition to a or as a replacement to suck it into the next vacuum fabric. Also, a vacuum roller or rollers can be used to replace the shoe under vacuum.

While supported by the drying cloth continuously, the fabric is dried to a consistency of about 94 percent or greater by the dryer continuously and then transferred to a transport fabric 22. The dried base sheet 23 it is transported to the spool 24 using the transport fabric 22 and an optional transport fabric 25. An optional pressurized turning roller 26 can be used to facilitate the transfer of the fabric from the transport fabric 22 to the fabric 25. Suitable transport fabrics for this purpose is Albany International 84M or 94M and Astan 959 or 957 fabrics, all of which are relatively soft fabrics that have a fine pattern.

The softening agents, sometimes referred to as binder, can be used to improve the softness of the tissue product and such softening agents can be incorporated with the fibers before, during or after the formation of the aqueous suspension of the fibers. Such agents can also be sprayed or printed on the fabric after trainingwhile it is wet. Suitable agents include, without limitation, fatty acids, waxes, quaternary ammonium salts, dihydrogenated tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, methyl quaternary ammonium sulfate, carboxylated polyethylene, cocamide amine diethanol, coco betaine, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, quaternary ammonium salt partially ethoxylated, ammonium dimethyl distearyl chloride, polysiloxanes, and the like. Examples of suitable commercially available chemical softening agents include, without limitation, Berocell 596 and 584 (quaternary ammonium compounds) manufactured from Eka Nobel, Inc., Adogen 442 (dimethyl ammonium dimethyl tallow chloride) manufactured by Sherex Chemical Company, Quasoft 203 (quaternary ammonium salt) manufactured by Quaker Chemical Company, and Arquad 2HT-75 (dihydrogenated tallow / dimethyl ammonium chloride) manufactured by Akzo Chemical Company. Adequate amounts of softening agents will vary greatly with the selected species and the desired results. Such amounts can be, without limitation, from about 0.05 to about 1 percent by weight based on the weight of the fiber, more specifically from about 0.25 to about 0.75 percent by weight, and even more specifically around of 0.5 percent by weight.

In order to provide stretching to the tissue in the machine direction, a differential speed can be provided between the fabrics at one or more wet tissue transfer points. This process is known as rushed transfer. The speed difference between the fabrics can be from about 5 to about 75 percent or greater, such as from about 10 to about 35 percent. For example, in one embodiment, the speed difference can be from about 20 to about 30 percent, based on the speed of the slowest fabric. The optimum differential speed will depend on a variety of factors, including the particular type of product being made. As previously mentioned, the increase in stretch imparted to the tissue is proportional to the differential speed. For a continuous uncovered dried bath tissue of a single stratum having a basis weight of about 30 grams per square meter, for example, a differential speed from about 20 to about 30 percent between the forming fabric and the transfer fabric produces a stretch in the machine direction in the final product from about 15 to about 25 percent. Stretching may be imparted to the fabric using a single differential transfer rate or two or more differential velocity transfers of the wet fabric before drying. Therefore, there may be one or more transfer fabrics. The amount of stretch imparted to the fabric can therefore be divided by one, two, three or more differential speed transfers.

The fabric is transferred to the drying fabric continuously for final drying preferably with the assistance of vacuum to ensure the macroscopic re-arrangement of the fabric to give the desired volume and appearance.

As described above, fabrics made in accordance with the process of the present disclosure possess a combination of unique proper especially in the transverse direction to the machine. It may be possible to obtain these proper by applying a flexible binder to the fabric as it is produced. As used herein, a "binder" refers to any suitable bonding agent that is applied to a tissue of tissue to join the tissue together and may include materials, such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers and the like. The proper of the fabrics made in accordance with the present disclosure, however, are produced without having to apply a binder to any surface of the fabric.

After the fabric is formed and dried, the tissue product of the present disclosure can undergo a conversion process where the formed base fabric is prepared for final packing. For example, in one embodiment, the base fabric can be spirally wound on rolls to produce, for example, a bath tissue product. Alternatively, the tissue tissue can be cut into sheets to serve as a bath tissue product with another tissue to produce a two-layer tissue product.

The following example is intended to illustrate particular embodiments of the present disclosure without being limited to the scope of the appended claims.

EXAMPLE A bath tissue dried through non-creped air was produced similar to the process illustrated in Figure 1.

In accordance with the present disclosure, the transfer fabric was immediately placed upstream from the dryer through air and the next air dried cloth both t-1207 fabrics obtained from Voith Fabrics, Inc.

The base fabric was made from about 28 to 29% of soft northern kraft wood (NSWK) and about 71 to 72% of Kraft eucalyptus, which was layered as follows: 36% eucalyptus / 28% NSWK / 36% eucalyptus by weight.

The eucalyptus was treated with 1.75 kg / m of active debonder and the NSWK was refined between 0 and 2.5 HPD / T with 5 kg / m of PAREZ strong wet added resin.

The tissue was dewatered by vacuum at approximately 26-28% consistency before entering the dryer through air and then dried in the dryer through air at approximately 1% final moisture before being rolled onto the parent rolls.

Eleven different tissue samples were made according to the previous process and were tested by various properties. Likewise, numerous bath tissue products obtained all over the world were also tested. The following results were obtained.

Manufacturer Brand Sub-Brand Cap.s Produced Weight OMT (Nü-erot BASO n (g / 76.2 BD MD / CD (gen) Sample 1 code 220 26 2 507 Sample 2 Coalgo i 28 1 2 0 ... Sample - Code 6 29 3 ta 766 Sample 4 Code 219 23 612 315 2 6 506 Sample 5 code 218 27 9 759 -SO 2 2 51. Sample 6 C6diga £ 4 28 1 69- 538 1 7 _ «= Sample 7 Code 65 27 P 6.3 509 1 - 671 Show a Code 5 21 5 9-40 ao 672 > Sample 9 I say 6- 29 2 1198 * > M Sample 10 C6d-go 6 29 p "654 870 Sample 11 CMigo 217 1 2 701 387 521 h.mfc-crly-Claik Ciaß-co 30 73 918 351 599 SCA Sorbcnt Original 28 .8 1948 46 9S4 Kimberly-Ciarlc Petalo Sencat = onß Jl 00 951 «05 713 M.lharamejitoe FoCu-a 27 V2 906 Jll 531 K.mbcrly-ClaiX L, s 29 • 43 88b 381 581 Kimberly-Cl-rk Cotecp lle Dllbeit a 67 6 ÍD 501 5. rly-ClarV; Scott ex-double roller 29 30 1467 724 1036 Kimberly-ClarV. leenex 32 1 99. «be Bll Kimberly-Clark erlisu 31 .2 1.6S 567 880 Kimberly-Clark COttenelle Ironmap 1 2 27 S 724 4T9 5S5? ( ? .rl.lan_ CP Signat ra 30 .7 1193 427 2 ß 714 P &G Chaman 29 9 671 461 1 s 556 Kimberly-Clark Kleenex Printed 31 3 1127 49. 2 3 748 Kimberly-Clark Cottenelle Line 31 30 1208 331 1.3 10.0 gold P * 0 Charmln Ultra 694 S13 597 Manufacturer Karca Sub-Karc & Layers Weight Tension Dry in Voltage Proportion (Húerol ßa.ae BD Direction to the seca is the KD / CD (gm / 7 - .2_ ») (gnus) ati quina Direction (gm / 7..2 un.) Transversal (g_ / 7í .loe »). 31 42 1.36 583 2 i 946 2 36 80 1541 476 3? 85. 1 3.-7 721 515 1 4 60? 2 26,97 13S0 521 2 6 839 3 44 60 26SS 5.9 4 7 1237 1 33.7 604 632 1.3 713 1 33.40 1134 956 1.2 1041 2 28.26 157J «70 3 3 ÍÍ0 2 33 0 911 3 < J8 2 4 612 l 2 23.39 1535« 11 3 9 807 2 44 3 1055 700 1.5 ÍS9 2 10.50 157a 708 2 2 1056 1 20 «2 1063 438 2 4« 82 2 37 2 i 536 4.- 3.2 8.4 2 32. -S 1444 475 3. «26 2 30 5 1253 448 2 S 749 2 29 2 1302 513 2 .S 817 1 17 67 1J43 440 3.1 769 2 30.83 1538 S34 2.9 90. 2 31 4 101- 471 2 2 692 2 30.29 2297 612 3 ß 1186 26.59 15,80 717 2.2 1064 * ££ ?! íf? S ??; _ O co; > - > . P * o- * 20 t t o yes o ip Manufacturer Mark Sub-Ma ea Layers Poso Bßoß Stress Voltage Proportion OMT (tfúmaro) BD (gene) Dries in the MD / CD (ga / 76, 2mn) Direction a Direction the Machine Tr «.nevera * 1 (gm / 76.2 _ml (S_ / 76.2_n> Papers Naclon-ies. • .ave Premium Go.d 2 38 50 1122 451 2 i 711 laten Alhertscn e 1 17 3 1196 527 2 3 754 GP Colhogar mairllme 38 7 1Í31 535 3 .2 916 Kimberly-Clai Flatpingo 2 32 ao 1594 535 3 7 1033 Kimberly-Clark .cctt 1-ply 1 17 B7 1213 «, 29 2 3 801 FS3 Ciißrroin Comrort 2 39 7 1-00 9 1 1 .6 1246 FS, GC? iarmin Soft Aroma 2 33 40 1425 632 2 3 949 Delltiaaue Regina 1 44 5 3124 9.8 3 í 1647 ICT Poxy Super Soít 2 34.6 1980 93C 2 4 1282 CMPC Elite Di seno 2-pl 2 28 13 1094 LO 486 2 3 729 Kimberly- Clark Kle.nexSuj.y 2 33 £ 1 1751 898 1 9 1254 PT Pinned Dell Paae-o 3 41 25 1796 815 2 2 1210 Rattle Migroe Scott 3-piy 3 50.6 2943 9 8 3 1 16 0 Kimborly-Clark Ar .drex POAR 2 41 8 2S13 733 3 i 13.4 EroB i Linaer maipline 30 5 1608 694 2 3 1056 Ki mberly-Clark Scott Select 2 27 21 2357 853 2 to 1418 GP Tcnderly Of caSof t 2 35.80 1393 495 2 8 e_ «CP Sonhein Ultra 2 39 3 107J 429 2 _ 578 Co are * Pén 2 28 16 2651 821 3 2? 475 Dollar General 2 32 8 1515 668 2 2 1021 K.taberly-clark Kleenex Caro 2 31 50 2091 683 3 1 1195 Sano S_u.c_aft 2 30.53 1836 893 2 1 1280 Clean 4 Sott International 3 36.70 246S 361 2 9 1457 to to L? or L? or in Manufacturer & ufc-Harca Layers Weight Base Voltage Voltage Proportion CMT (Number) BD (gaa) .oca e_ dry in the KD / CD (gm / 7 .2_m) Direction to Direction the Transoral Machine (ga / 76.2_-.) (gm /? ... E_) Kltn__rly-Clark An rex - ainline 44 1 1545 «51 3.0 1125 Plus More Kimb.rly-C.afk Scott Mscroß 2 .21 1334 667 543 Kimberly-C-ark Seot Matura 1 28.4 1335 669 545 Klßb-rly-Clark Ne e Heu t ro 28.21 1937 711 1193> Kimberly-C.ark S ay ay 34.33 11S9 721 1.6 914 Kimberly-Clark Scott 29.01 1925 812 2 3 1266 DaeHan Pulp K-Mara 28.49 1537 736 1064 K aaberly -Cl k TlSS 30.94 1818 850 1243 LO Coop Italy mainllne 31.50 2208 748 1285 CO Kimberly-Clark Kleenex Core 32.80 1286 766 993 Santher Peraar.al 1-ply 19.64 1785 S13 1277 Santlier Peroor.al Prussian 26.59 1408 670 971 PG Cha ip Comfort 42.00 2107 1217 1601 Kimbcrlylark Molett 31. S4 1740 832 1203 Kimberlylark Kleenex Baby Sor 30.03 15B4 72S 1072 PM Charmip 34.20 1322 684 S 951 Kimberly-Clark Delaey 28.67 1 1J 776 2.2 1153 Kimberly-Clark Kleenex Bcmt i that 37.45 1233 598 2.1 859 ABC Tißßue Prod.cta Ou 111 on 49 5 2014 761 2.6 1254 KimborLy-clark Nevé Klcgarvce 29.63 1751 765 2.3 1157 National Papers Su e 38.70 1346 592 2.3 893 Irving Soft Keve 15.1 12S4 498 793 ultra Ide Kimberly-Clark Andrex KKJ 1729 841 1206 to t L? or L? L? Manufacturer S b-Narca Layers Weight Base Tension Voltage Proportion < JMT (Núx-ßrs) BD (gene) Dries in the DM / CD (gm / 76.3s_.) Direction to Direction the Transversal Machine < ga / 76.2_B) (g_ / 76._pm) Kimberly-Clark Suavel 28 08 1614 834 nao ASDA SCA Shades 34 l 2461 1069 2 3 1637 Family Sanee Fa 1 Ultra Soft 30 24 1278 593 2 2 _? Family Cancels Family E.opom or 32 45 1729 766 2 3 1151 Ximberly-Claik Kleepex Ul t ra Ca re 44 10 1515 .97 116Í MPC Elite Ex ra 28 43 1919 1211 1S24 Kimberly-Clark N; oe 1-ply 20 03 13S4 542 657 Kimberly-Clark Sco.t Deluxs 46 13 1865 913 1305 av T.sco LO msipline 43 5 1823 743 1164 Melhoraments Sub í c 19 O-1 727 VD 450 591 Capetour Clapsic 29 40 3135 940 1717 SCA CarreEour ma pl ino 3a 7 2586 6 - 1505 Ximbßrly-Clark Striiß 3-p 46 50 3020 ll-t9 1887 Kimberly-Clark Fancy 31 08 1690 743 1321 Kimberly-Clark Scott. 100D 16 8 1326 581 875 Cap mcx Lady P.egio 30 60 1861 963 1339? &G Tend r 33 06 lßll 710 1143 Kimberly-Clark Kakle Kamille 3-ply 48 50 3506 1264 2105 Ooo Super So.t 59 3 3821 1269 2202 Cl or. í solt C i S 39 «0 3225 947 1748 Kimberly-Clark Lily 35 03 1724 901 1246 Delicarta hS Schlec er Prcpuum 56 30 2144 1142 1565 Kimberly-Clark Petalo ClaBalco 29 5 2020 940 1378 ISabráin Kimberly-Clark Kleenex tißaue / 0 to 1225 674 1 _ 909 t L? or L? L? Manufacturer Brand Sub -Mark Layers Weight Base Voltage Voltage Proportion Gorr (Kú ßro) BD (gsm) Dries in the MD / CD (ga / 76.2m) Direction to Dirocción the Transversal Machine. (gn /? 6 -2a_ < ga / 76.2_a) Family Sanéela Family Care 2 39 65 1243 -61 1 8 920 Kimberly-Clark Scott Gold 2 28,10 1219 770 1 6 565 Denr.er 4 56 4 3339 1248 2 7 2057 Brand! Marcal 1 16 S 1284 Yes? 2 3 853 Yuen Foong Yu Mayllover 2 31 3 2019 796 2.5 1268 Kimberly-Clark Nice Gold 2 27.01 2302 774 3 0 1335 APP gioup Virjoy 2-ply 2 33 98 2885 10C9 to 9 1706 APP group virjoy Premium 3 42 30 2095 913 2 3 1383 Products Tvssue del Perú Noble 1-ply 1 19 49 1404 1304 1.1 1353 or Kimbei ly- Clark Soft Extra 1 21 11 1230 825 1.5 1007 Kimberly-Clark Scott Oold Ultra 1 41.50 1633 1V37 1,4 1363 OPC Elite Double Ho _ 27 47 2ia? 9 7 2.2 1460 Kimbßrlylaik Hke Kapulle 3-ply 3 47.7 3734 1560 2 4 2414 GP Zc or Lmd 3-ply 3 48.70 2501 lOilß 2 9 1710 SCA Edet Fpcndly 3 44.30 1117 1144 2 7 1890 Kimberly-Clork Soft Plus 2 28 , 66 1S29 1004 1 5 3235 Kimberly-Claik Kleenex 500 2 28.41 2074 701 3 0 1206 K ßa l ~ mb? 3 to 2597 1407 i 8 1912 CMP. Elite 1-ply 1? A-59 1344 S6- »1.6 lí79 Kimberly-Clark Soft Oold 2 29 6 14.6 917 1 6 1167 OP bOtUS Finesße 2 38. SO 2155 870 2 5 1369 _ID Always 4 60-90 4058 1481 2.7 24S2 CMFC Elite Proc um 3 40 2759 1054 2 - 1705 Regulatory return 3 38.70 3147 948 3 3 1727 igroß Sort Extra 4 SS 7 3379 1431 2.4 2199 Sof House Regina Rotol? N? 31.80 2013 586 2 0 1405 t to L? or p L? Manufacturer Mark Sub -Mark Layers Peao Base Voltage Voltage Proportion OMT (Nüaero) BD (gss) Dry in the MD / CD (gn / 76 2- my Direction to Direction the Transversal Machine < g_ / 7.? Pp.) (g_ / 7S.2m_) APP group Virjoy Extra So £ t 3 41 90 2221 105"1 2 l 153Í Favori a Plus 2 23 7 2065 en 2 4 1339 SCA Velvet - 43 4 2311 898 2 6 U41 SOtlfl-- Regina Ca 11 a eat 11 a 4 59 20 3117 13 «¡6 2 3 2063 CMPC Elite with Oao 2 27 7 2302 992 2 1511 Vinda premuna 3 40 40 3162 964 3 3 1746 V inda Vinda oluo 3 40.02 3080 1042 3 0 1791 Al di Koke.t 4 58 10 3238 13C6 2 _ 2056 Kimberly-Clark Voyue 2 28 87 2156 923 2 3 1411 family ^ Sane the Family Care 2 39 80 910 1023 0 9 965 San Franci.eo Hortensia 2 23 34 2405 l-- > 3 1 5 1945 to t H L? or L? L? to Sigiwture 22 50 12 53 Printed 23 1 8 75 11 L? or L? L? Maker Kia? Ii / a * rk r_pberl Claik PAG i3? Ban * g Tebal ¡nbéil. Clar? rinberl / Clark Paperwork U > Nac tonal os J ya Scanoßí _ < 79 24 93 KlBb? Ily-rißr? Coceen *, lia «Yes & - 13 51 14 Ultra 10 «6 to 40 10 3 * 8 14 10 94 15 K inter 1.}. Ciar * SOOttftX *? A? _al_r-e 14 9 Yes 11 93 9 Ruaberly Clark Pi.Bta * 21 14 .3 9 16 5 40 4 «< 1 8 22 11 25 39 Ki__orl Cla Scottex «f > Lni? N «11 01 6 83 9 2b lo 22 56 KlAb-rK clßrk Klecnex 2« 00 7 4 »ß 33 11 Klrk» n? Kimberly-Clai k Signature Bvtfll 29 04 26 18 werrber to Kimt-jrJv Clark Katk 18 04 6 f > 4 7 22 18 32 4 08 Ki rly Clark cari ton 1 Ply 14 25 6 65 11 03 8 40 15 »l 3 86 Cimic H ^ g? En? .x 13 laj S«. 5"'2 B 04 8 a 16 08 3 64 ritrl / Clark Signatuiß Bvtt.3 t t L? or L? L? Manufacturer Layers Batiramianto Ssciranlanto Inclination CM__.ro) $ »co« n the TEA Tilt Dry in the Dry in the T8A Saca a Seca in the Direction to Direction the Dlraeclctp to the Direction «.« Juina bireceion r nsvers l Address a Tranovoroal the Machine (*) Transversal the Káa lna Sott - ixgí f9_ ca / c_2 > (ko) tg- > c_ / cr_l netaa / Sotfaso -asy Kimbßi l /. Cl ark tisß soir 4 11 8 «7 10 34 9 51 OP 21 03 24 2fc 6 59 Ángel Soft? 29 6; s 16 14 a 52 Nibcmg Tebal Cut ie 7 30 22 47 11 4 6 03 Jucxcr 27 S4 »01 S 5¡ 22" O Berli 4 ß * 5 29 B 73 48 26 C l lox * 79 Cel lo * Mmhßfiy ci * rK K rt i6 67 Creat Values 6 63 _2"• 32 Hampas T- naav.r 98 8 03 • ß 13 ~ C 1 Pl and 94 cpamox Regio 13 63 7 09 15 .9 7 82 5 98 e 57 Yung c .ng _ M? Yf lswer 12 84 - 21 13 58 9 09 4 52 i3 49 4 04 T? Oiichetti 14 .e Fox 6 t9 13 20 4 23 Supcr S fr 26 39 Klmberly Clark Andrex 15 36 7 91 4 8 * ß 15 CP .9 1E 70 Walgreen 54 6 7 $ 6 60 6 29 Klmbat l / Cl.rk co coi 00 velvet 11 94 S 36 10 35 5 20 s > 0 Kimb_rl > Clark Scott 21 Daluxa 72 9 34 10 94 9 sa - 4.

From icarta To i only -3 .3 5 9 »5b 84 10 35 3 ly» 2 «36 9 12 Hampa * .1 10 T inßoft 2 Ply 58 i * 5 12 72 3 .4 9 96 Ki b.t l). Cl ark 31 31 S-jay ii 63 6 25 9 OS * 72 * 07 Kimberl, - Clark Woadersort 23 75 ß 78 14 16 5 03 «62 10 04 Mmberl, Clark 29 29 40 77 Scot í Extra 14 9 14 3 49 SCA 22 Sorbept 22 94 10 09 SE .9 Extra Taiek 7 4 41 7 27 10 10 Kltríwrl} Clark Scottenelle .7 32 7 87 24 40 7 1. * 54 1 Kimberl, Clark 26 03 3ccc 7 10 10 1 6 40 11 62 6 12 Delitisauo Gol Regina '.4 20 ¿0 30 S 51 4 99 7 96 5 15 10 IV PM3 Chamín 16 20 B 34 13 99 Basic 10 13 1 04 Kibong Tebal Cu ie 25 4S 10 32 31 91 Carpact 5 76 8 47 11 29 Tien Loag 20 67 .0 36 7 40 18 47 11 01 J 95 .0 40 Paper 1 »25 5 69 Andante t t L? or L? L? Pafericaita SuT) .Marea K? Tnc_; rl > Yim? Xclf O? LttíaWü SSgí? t t L? or L? ? to to h-1 L? or L? ? Tilt Inclination TBA Dry in TKA Dry to Dry in the Dry "n the Direction Direction to Direction to Transverse the M & s Transversal the Machine 1 g_ / cm c_21 (kg) Ikfl) (gm-cm / c- 2) 1 42 16 63 15 62 3 01 5 93 16 77 15. 86 4 11 19 79 17.40 26 26 12 53 1) 75 17 42 11.68 2 96 8 74 17 _? 28 41 5 59 9 59 17 54 30 72 4.10 a 42 17 55. 35 Yes 7.41 7 41 17 71 48 27 8.54 10 57 17. 5 13.37 5.91 ß 31 16 01 12 89 3-48 12 SS 18 13 18.82 7 01 l € 34 18 44 22.0B 6 05 co 11 70 18 55 54 35 12 15 1 * 72 18 72 34.75 11 52 13 50? Aj 47 17 12 2 11 43 15 53 16.57 5 55 ii 64 15 64 29.44 5 56 13 43 19.95 41 07 10.46 9 11 20 08 13 0 «4 00 ß.lß 20 15 21.0? 4 33 9,18 20 41 14.26 7 02 16 23 20.8 * 41 49 12 55 10 37 21 04 35 0! 7 OS 11.78 21 06 46 72 7 73 1B B 21 12 16 21 13 08 t to L? or L? L? 7_A Soca on the Transversal Directorate * _ 02 kD t to L? or L? L? Pab icantß Ka roa S -Marca Capea lirasiionto TBA CDTBA / CDB Sample (Múnero) Code 220 CDT / CD CDT / CD Sample Code 4 20 to 35.0 0 245 Sample Code 6 30 9 91 3 7 to 336 Sample Code 219 34 Í Ü 0 . .332 Muescia Code 218 24 31 0 0 270 Sample Code 64 27 7 95 9 0 28 »Sample Code CS 35 9 10Ü 4 to 357 MIJOS was Code 5 15 1 9? 4 0 .353 Sample Code 65 33 3 95.8 0 .346 Sample l Code 67 43 9 102 s 0 429 Sample 11 Kimberly-Clark Code 217 44, 5 100. 0 32. 442 SCA Close to 103.2 0 Sorbe t 315 Kimbeily-Cl Original 30.4 S9.1 ark 0 Petal 31.6 514 Melhoram. Rites Feeling. 49.9 0, 633 Pof? Ra Yes 7 136 0 Kimberly-Clark 0 T.ys 41 7 432 102. Kimberly-Clark 0 407 Cotteinelle Kimb rly-clar? Dilbßrc 43 5 L? 82 ß o SCóttejc 119 5 Ki berly-ciar * donate toll «o e 0 5Í« 0 507 Klecns * 60 7 67 4 Kimbeily-ciart 0 6SS Kcrlisu 75 9 137 2 Kimbcrly-clsrk 0 Cott.n.ll. Iropman 1 2 62? 553 9S 3 0 6B 0 £ 60 12. 0 Kirkland GP 0 540 P_G Signatuie Charmín 4 «- 80 9 Ki bgrly-clat 0 573 Kleenex 01 ß lmbeily-Clark Prime. 53.9 1 0 530 Oatcßpelle Linea Ooroda -. 0 120 1 0 550 Chormin Ultra 91 R SO. 0 922 53.9 84 _ 0 S24 to L? o o Manufacturer Kimberly-Clark? ÜI3 P & G M apg Teb l Kimborly-Clar? Kimberly-Clark onaiíaa ae Papeles Naciori? Leß Kimberly-Clark Kimberly-Clark K? Mberl > -Clark L? Kimberly-Clark Kimberly-Clark fimberly-Clark Kiraberly-Clarit Klmb.rly-Clarx Cimic KimUerly-Clark Signocure _vt «3 2 .8 6 111 6 c 514 Metßa / Sotiaps Sote - Ea.y 2 70, .6 S2 9 0 760 kimborly-Clark Tius Soft 2 e. 5 118 9 0 727 GP Angel Sote 2 «1 4 92 8 0 562 Hl ong T-bal Cucie Soft 2 83 1 105 0 790 t t L? or L? L? Manufacturer 1- rea Sus -Marca Layers TBA CDTSA /? Ns. { Number) CDT / CD CDT / CD Beill Juckei Cello * Cellox 2 87 3 119 - 0 730 Kic eri Ciark WalMarc (Ir-ac Valué 2 Í8 2 91 - 0 745 íla-zpak Tvinsßveí 1-P1 > 1, 'S 7 123? 0 63T Cop-i-ex Regio 2 72 _i 10. 1 0 sai Ceng yu Mayfls-fer 2 year 110 2 0 731 Tr_ ?:: - e!?. Tti Poxy Super Sote 2 .2 2 98 5 0 534 K? -_ cr.y-Clark Andrex 2 92 0 119 &0 7.9 Walgreen GP 1001 1 81 2 127 6 0 636 Kim erl Clark Vel et 2 100 0 aa 9 1 112 Kitnberiy-Clark Scott Den xe 2 87 5 144 0 0 606 From the Aldl Solo 3-ply 3 67 3 104 5 0 .35 Nampak TvirsoEt 1? L and 2 102 2 125 E 0 813 Kimbetly-Clark = ujay 3 9. 5 104 1 0 927 L? Kinbe ly- Clark wonriersetc 1 9 1 101 2 0 9.9 to Kimoerly-Claik Scott Extra 2 S7 3 .. D 909 SCA = orbent Extra Thlck 3 91 5 117 6 c 778 Kitnb-ily -Clark Scottcpcllc 2 104 4 124 9 0 636 KitüDerly -Clark Scot GOld 2 98 to 162 2 0 609 Dß.iciaßue Regina 2 105 3 103 7 1 Dlß PhG C arcup Basic 1 100 i 146 8 0 633 Nibong Tebal Cutir oppacc 2 63 3 109 0 0 7-S Ticn I.ong Poper Andan ce-2 104 2 125 0 0 833 National Papers Suave Prepuum Dol d 2 aa - 130; 0 678 Po laLCh Albertaon p 1 67 a 115 3 0 762 GP Col home __ inlu.e 2 90 4 104 0 0 6-? Kimoerly-Clat Flamlngo 2 78 4 10Í. 0 735 Kitnberly-Clark Scotc 1-pl 1 £ • 1 to 144 5 0 635 PsC- Chor-in Conrort 2 109 7 102 ß 1 0-8 .8 ~ < c * _ »o or r * r * re u a > < p ra a > »- ( to t L? ? - > or L? or L? Manufacturer Kimb-ßrly-ciaí Sane lie r Sar.crer P.O Kimberly-Clai) 'Kl beily-Clark P_G Kimbßrly ciar * Kimberly-Clar * ABC Tlsati. Productn Kimberly-Clark Papelea Nacionales Irving L? Ki oorly-ciark Kitóerly-Clark SCA Paail 10 saneela Family Saneela imberlv-Clnrk C PC Kimberly Clark K? Mb ~? L -Clark Mel hour wiggles SCA to t L? or L? L? Manufacturer Karca _ub-Harca Capad Batiramiento TBA CDTB? / CDS (Rúpißro) CDT / CD CDT / CD Ki _? Erly-Clar? = ervua 3-ply 3 164 0 122 3 1 341 KimbRr). -Clark Far.ry 2 135 6 134 1 013 Kimberly-Clark SCO-C 1000 1 112 8 134. 0 < ! 39 Copamex La < 3y Segio 2 143 i 131 0 1 092? .C Tender 2 166 3 171. 0 970 yimberly-Clark Hakle? Íimí 1 e 3 piy 3 165 1 11. 6 1 436 Coop Suoei Soft 4 119. 110 0 i £ 32 Clenp? Soft ^ ts 3 149 8 104 3 1 437 nmbeily-claik Lily 2 154 3 163 2 0 948 Deliearta AS schl.ck.r Premium 4 14ß 7 108 8 1 367 Kimhcrly-Clark Petalo Class.cc 2 185 0 174 7 1 0 -9 Will there be ip Kioii-etly-Clark Kleenex 1 a eue) 2 102, 9 114, 6 0 698 L? Family Sanéela Famil to Care 2 177 3 226 2 0 764 L? Kimberly- ark Sco t Ooid 2 1 2 3 137 3 0 919 Oopnar 4 164 9 99. 6 1 fc-S Marc l Brand! 1 141 3 191 6 0 740 yue :. Foong? U Mayf lower 2 144 2 142 4 1 013 Ki-XM-riy -Clark tí ice Gold 2 346 - isa a 0 9. a AP? p Vir.oy 2-ply 2 188 6 136 2 1 385 APP p Virjo / P.eaiua 3 na 1 106 9 292 Product »Ti.oue del Pcru Noble l-ply _ 247 4 220 6, 121 Kimberly-Clark Soft Exti 195 5 237 1 0 825 Kimberly-Clark Scott Gald Ultra 3 210 9 162 2 1 301 CHPC Elite Double Hoia 2 170 2 161 ._ 1 0b4 Kimberly-Clark Hak? O Kiiraillß 3-ply 3 212 8 128 .4 1 «58 to to L? or L? L? Partanta Brand Sub-Karca Capes Beti TBA (number) CDTBA / CDS GP Seaa ind CDT / C »CDT / CD SCA 3-ply Edet 3 110 2 Fuendiy 8" 1 5 Kimberly-Clark 1 Soft 160 5 »602 Plua» 3 4 2 1 713 Kimberly-Clark Kieepc-x S0 193 0 2 iao 9 1 09S Mecaa Lambí 145 7 126 .1 1 156 CHPC Bllce 3 216 1 1-ply 1.4 S 1 607 Kimbcrly-Claik Soft 1 213 5 Gold 216 to 010 GP 2 1 Lotue 201 5 Fir.psse 211 8 c LIDL 2. 9S2 Always 149 0 123 9 CMPC 4 Elite 219 1 1 202 Pre-iium 116 0 1 657 Vmda 3 139 2 regular 14? 5 3 1 266 Mi Soft 1.7 0 123 0 1 521 S r lasa Ester Regina 4 213 6 Roeolini 110 1 1 940 APP p Vir.o / 2 198 3 _xtra Soft 141 5 3 1 40S L? Favorita Plus 193 2 125 1 1 545 en SCA 2 vel e 207 7 179 0 2 1 160 Sofías. P-eglna 192 7 CMPC Caí CacorxDm.lla 157 4 - 1 221 Elite 237 6 with Bear 133 1 2 1 720 inda 190. 359 0 1 inda prcpu.m ue 3 166 2 200 VmcJa bl 317 7 I 3 412 Aid i Kokett 224 6 134 6 1 663 KiEbcrly-ciark Voguq 194 3 112 6 1 726 Family Sanéela 2 Family 217 2 Care 173 ß San Fra- scipco 2 i 249 Hydrangea 344 4 310 9 2 1 108 403 3 196 1 2 OSS As shown above, the samples made according to the present disclosure exhibited improved properties especially in the cross machine direction as compared to the commercially available samples. Samples made in accordance with the present disclosure have a highest cross-machine direction stretch and the lowest amount of tension in the transverse direction necessary to create 1% stretch. Samples made according to the present disclosure also exhibited the lowest amount of tension energy in the transverse direction absorbed to create 1% stretch. In addition, samples made in accordance with the present disclosure exhibited the lowest cross-machine direction slope compared to commercial products.

These and other modifications and variations to the present invention can be practiced by those with ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is more particularly set forth in the attached clauses. In addition, it should be understood that the aspects of the various incorporations can be exchanged in whole or in part. In addition, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the foregoing description is by way of example only, and it is not intended to limit the invention thus described in such appended claims.

Claims (20)

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N S

1. A single stratum tissue product comprising: a single layer tissue fabric comprising pulp fibers, the tissue tissue having a dry volume of at least 3 cc / g, the tissue tissue having a geometric average tensile strength of less than about 1,000 g / l. 3 inches, a cross-machine direction stretch of at least 11%, a cross machine direction stretch / cross machine direction tension resistance of less than about 50% and a inclination in the direction transverse to the machine of less than about 3 kilograms.

2. A tissue product comprising: at least one tissue of tissue comprising pulp fibers, the tissue of tissue having a dry volume of at least 3 cc / g, the tissue of tissue having a geometric average tensile strength of less than about 1,000 g. / 3 inches, a stretch in the cross machine direction of at least 15%, a stretch in the cross machine direction / tensile strength in the cross machine direction of less than about 30-tilt in the direction transverse to the machine of less than about 3 kilograms.

3. A tissue product as claimed in clauses 1 or 2, characterized in that the tissue of the tissue also has a stretch in the transverse direction to the machine / absorbed of cross-directional directional tension energy to the machine of less than about 0.4

4. A tissue product as claimed in clauses 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the tissue has a resistance in the transverse direction to the machine of more than about 14% and a stretch in the direction transverse to the machine / tensile strength in the cross machine direction of less than around 30.

5. A tissue product as claimed in clauses 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that the tissue has a geometric mean tensile strength of less than 900 g / 3 inches, such as less than 700 g / 3 inches, such as less than 500 g / 3 inches.

6. A tissue product as claimed in clauses 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the tissue tissue comprises a tissue dried through non-creped air.

7. A tissue product as claimed in clauses 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 characterized in that the tissue of tissue has a basis weight of from about 15 grams per square meter to about 45 grams per square meter .

8. A tissue product as claimed in any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the tissue tissue has a bolt hole coverage index of about 0.25 or less, has an index of bolt hole count of about of 65 or less, and / or has a bolt hole size index of about 600 or less.

9. A tissue product as claimed in any one of the preceding clauses, characterized in that the tissue of tissue is formed in a wet-air drying process by being carried on a transfer fabric placed immediately upstream of the tissue. an air dryer fabric that is configured to carry the fabric through a dryer through air, both the transfer fabric and the fabric of the dryer through air comprises textured fabrics having a domain design in the direction of the machine comprising from about 5 to about 15 raised elements per centimeter in the machine direction, the raised elements having a height of from about 0.3 millimeters to about 5 millimeters.

10. A tissue product as claimed in clause 9, characterized in that the highlighted elements have a height of from about 0.3 millimeters to about 1 millimeter.

11. A tissue product as claimed in one of clauses 9 or 10, characterized in that the transfer fabric and the air-drying fabric have a machine direction domain design comprising from about 9 cm. At about 11 elevated elements per centimeter in the machine direction, the raised elements have a height of from about 0.3 millimeters to about 0.5 millimeters.

12. A tissue product as claimed in one of clauses 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that the elements raised on the transfer fabric and on the dryer fabric through air comprise rims, the rims having a width of about 0.3 millimeters to about 1 millimeter, the flanges when viewed from the direction transverse to the machine, having a flange frequency of from about 0.5 millimeters to about 2 millimeters.

13. A tissue product as claimed in one of clauses 9, 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that the tissue tissue has been molded against at least one of the transfer fabric and the dryer fabric at through air during training.

14. A method for producing a tissue of tissue comprising the steps of: forming a tissue of an aqueous suspension of fibers, the aqueous suspension of fibers containing pulp fibers; carrying the formed fabric on a transfer fabric placed immediately upwards from a dryer through air; transferring the tissue from the transfer fabric to a dryer fabric through air that carries the fabric through the dryer through air, both the transfer fabric and the dryer fabric through air comprise textured fabrics having a domain design in the machine direction comprising from about 5 to about 15 elements raised per centimeter in the machine direction, the raised elements having a height of from about 0.3 millimeters to about 5 millimeters; drying the fabric so that the fabric has a final moisture content of less than about 8%.

15. A process as claimed in clause 14, characterized in that the raised elements have a height of from about 0.3 millimeters to about 1 millimeter.

16. A tissue product as claimed in one of clauses 14 or 15, characterized in that the transfer fabric and the air-drying fabric have a domain design in the machine direction comprising from about 9 cm. to around 11 elevated elements per centimeter in the machine direction, the raised elements having a height of from about 0.3 millimeters to about 0.5 millimeters.

17. A tissue product as claimed in one of clauses 14, 15 or 16, characterized in that the elements raised on the transfer fabric and the air dryer fabric comprise rims, the rims having a width of from about 0.3 millimeters to about 1 millimeter, the flanges, when viewed from the cross direction to the machine have a flange frequency of from about 0.5 millimeters to about 2 millimeters.

18. A tissue product as claimed in one of clauses 14, 15, 16 or 17, characterized in that the transfer fabric and the air-drying fabric comprise multilayer fabrics.

19. A tissue product as claimed in one of clauses 14, 15, 16, 17 or 18, characterized in that the tissue of tissue during the process is molded against at least one of the transfer fabric and the cloth drying through air.

20. A tissue product as claimed in one of clauses 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 or 19, characterized in that the tissue is formed without the application of a binder to the tissue. SUMMARY The tissue products are described having desirable strength, stretch and softness properties. In particular, the tissue product exhibits a relatively high strength while still having a relatively low stiffness and a significant amount of stretching. Tissue tissues generally comprise fabrics dried through non-creped air. According to the present description, the fabrics are formed in an air drying process in which the transfer fabric and the air drying fabric are both textured fabrics having an essentially uniform stress distribution in the direction transversal to the machine. Various improvements in the cross-machine direction properties are exhibited by deforming or molding the tissue of tissue in one or more of the fabrics during the tissue manufacturing process.