MX2008005481A - Sdma resource management - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for allocating resources in a wireless communications environment comprises receiving a mapping between a first hop-port and frequency range, and determining whether to map a second access terminal to a second hop-port that is mapped to at least the same frequency range during a substantially similar instance in time, the determination made as a function of characteristics relating to a first access terminal associated with the first hop-port. The method can further include determining that the first access terminal is a candidate for employing Space-Division Multiple Access (SDMA), and mapping the second-hop port and associating the second access terminal with the second hop-port when the second access terminal is also a candidate for employing SDMA.

Description

ADMINISTRATION OF SDMA RESOURCES FIELD OF THE INVENTION The following description generally refers to wireless communications, and, among other things, to flexible communication schemes for wireless communication systems.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION To enable the transmission of data to and from mobile devices, a robust communications network must be enabled. A particular technology used in mobile networks today is Orthogonal Frequency Division Modulation or Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). OFDM modulates digital information in an analog carrier signal, and is used, for example, in the IEEE 802.11a / g WLAN standard. An OFDM baseband signal (e.g., a subband) constitutes a number of orthogonal sub-carriers, wherein each sub-carrier is independently modulated by its own data. The benefits of OFDM include ease of filtering noise, ability to vary upstream and downstream speeds (which can be achieved by allocating more or less carriers for each purpose), ability to mitigate the effects of selective frequency fading , etc. Conventional networks must also have the ability to adapt to new technologies to accommodate an ever-increasing number of users. Therefore, it is important to increase a number of dimensions within sectors of a network without substantially affecting the quality of data transmission in a negative manner. When using OFDM, increasing the dimensions can be problematic since there are a finite number of tones that can be used for data communication. Multiple Access by Division of Space (SDMA) allows an increase in the number of dimensions through the division of time-frequency resources. For example, a first user and a second user can use a similar frequency substantially in the same instance in time in a single sector as long as they are separated by a sufficient spatial distance. During the use of beams, the SDMA can be used in an OFDM / OFDMA medium. In a particular example, the beam transmissions formed can be used to allow SDMA in an OFDM / OFDM medium. The multiple transmit antennas located in a base station can be used to form beam transmissions formed, which use "beams" that usually cover a narrower area than transmissions using a simple transmit antenna. However, the signal for interference and noise ratio (SINR) is improved within the area covered by the beams. The portions of a sector not covered by a beam can be referred to as a null region. Mobile devices located within the null region will have an extremely low SINR, resulting in reduced performance and possible data loss. Through the use of said beams, users separated by sufficient spatial distance can establish communication at substantially similar frequencies, thereby increasing a number of dimensions that can be employed within a sector. There may be cases, however, where it is not desirable for a user to use SDMA. For example, when precoding is desired, or when channel diversity is desired, degraded performance may result with respect to some mobile devices within a particular region.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the subject matter claimed. This summary is not an extensive overview, and is not intended to identify critical / key elements or to delineate the scope of the subject matter claimed. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description presented below. Here systems are described, methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture that facilitate the allocation of resources in wireless communications media in a forward link. An encryption and decryption code can be maintained which indicates to particular users or access terminals with respect to which SDMA can be used. Based on an analysis of the encryption and deciphering code, a first and second channel tree can be maintained, wherein the access terminals that SDMA can employ are associated with hop ports in disparate channel trees. This allows disparate access terminals to share time-frequency resources. With respect to access terminals that are not candidates for using SDMA, said access terminals may be associated with jump ports that are assigned to the first channel tree and mapped to frequency ranges that are not mapped to jump ports in the second channel tree. For example, a method for allocating resources in a wireless communications medium is described herein, wherein the method comprises receiving a mapping between a first set of hop ports of a tree and a frequency range and determining whether a second terminal is assigned of access to a second hop port that is mapped to at least the same frequency range during an instance in substantially similar time, the determination is taken as a function of characteristics relating to a first access terminal associated with the first port of jump. The method may further include determining that the first access terminal is a candidate to employ Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA), and map the second hop port to the same frequency range and map the second hop port and associate the second access terminal with the second hop port when the second access terminal is also a candidate for using SDMA. A first channel tree may include multiple mappings between hop ports and frequency ranges according to a first hop permutation and a second channel tree may include multiple mappings between hop ports and frequency ranges according to the first hop permutation. The method may further include determining that the first access terminal has a first spatial address, determining that the second access terminal has a second spatial address, mapping the first access terminal to the first hop port for a first period of time, and map the second access terminal to the second hop port for the first time period. Moreover, the method can include receiving a quantized value indicating the first address from the first access terminal, and associating the first access terminal to the first hop port based on the quantized value, where the quantized value can be select from an encryption and decryption code. Furthermore, a wireless communication apparatus is described herein, wherein the apparatus comprises a memory that includes information regarding whether two access terminals are candidates for employing SDMA in an OFDM / OFDMA medium. The apparatus may further include a processor that allocates the two access terminals to the two hop ports that are mapped at similar frequencies substantially in one sector at substantially similar times if the two access terminals are candidates for using SDMA. In one example, a first channel tree may include mappings between multiple hop ports and multiple frequency ranges according to a hop permutation, and the processor may define mappings associated with a second channel tree as a function of the hop permutation. .

In addition, an apparatus for managing frequency resources in a wireless communication medium is described herein, wherein the apparatus comprises means for determining that a first access terminal and a second access terminal are candidates for using SDMA. The apparatus may further include means for assigning the first access terminal to a first hop port and the second access terminal to the second hop port, the first and second hop ports are mapped to similar time-frequency resources substantially . The apparatus may further include means for analyzing a first channel tree including the mapping between the first hop port and the time-frequency resources as well as means for defining the mapping between the second hop port and the time-frequency resources in a second channel tree. Additionally, a computer-readable medium is described herein, wherein said means includes instructions for determining that a first access terminal is a candidate for using SDMA, assigning the first access terminal to one or more hop ports that are mapped to one or more frequency tones in a first channel tree, determining that a second access terminal is a candidate for using SDMA, assigning the second access terminal to one or more jump ports, and mapping one or more jump ports assigned to the second terminal for accessing one or more frequency tones mapped to one or more jump ports assigned to the first access terminal in a second channel tree. In addition, a processor is described and analyzed here, wherein the processor executes instructions to improve performance for a wireless communication medium, the instructions comprise associating a first access terminal with a first set of hop ports, the first access terminal configured to operate in an OFDM / OFDMA medium, the first access terminal is a candidate for using SDMA, mapping the first set of hop ports to a range of frequencies, associating a second access terminal with a second set of hop ports , the second access terminal configured to operate in an OFDM / OFDMA medium, the second access terminal is a candidate for using SDMA, and mapping the second set of ports of hop to the frequency range so that the first set of ports of jump and the second set of hop ports are mapped to the frequency range in a substantially similar time. For the fulfillment of the foregoing and related purposes, certain illustrative aspects are described herein in relation to the following description and the appended figures. However, these aspects are indicative of some of several ways in which the principles of the subject matter may be employed and the matter claimed is intended to include all those aspects and their equivalents. Other advantages and features of novelty may become apparent from the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 is a high-level block diagram of a system that facilitates the allocation of resources in a wireless communications medium. Figure 2 is a representation of a channel tree. Figure 3 is a representation of base nodes of a channel tree. Figure 4 is an image of base nodes of two separate channel trees, the description illustrates a particular way of allocating time-frequency resources. Figure 5 is an image of base nodes of two separate channel trees, the description illustrates a particular way of allocating time-frequency resources.

Figure 6 is an image of base nodes of two separate channel trees, the description illustrates a particular way of allocating time-frequency resources. Figure 7 is a communications apparatus wireless that can be used to allocate resources in a wireless communications medium. Figure 8 is a flow diagram illustrating a methodology for allocating time-frequency resources in a wireless communications medium. Figure 9 is a flow diagram illustrating a methodology for updating channel trees as a content function of an encryption and decryption code. Fig. 10 is a flow chart illustrating a methodology for mapping hop ports to frequency ranges in multiple channel trees. Figure 11 is an exemplary wireless communication system. Figure 12 is an illustration of an exemplary wireless communication system. Figure 13 is an illustration of a system that uses beamformers to increase the capacity of the system in a wireless communications medium. Figure 14 is an illustration of a system that uses beamformers to increase the capacity of the system in a wireless communications medium. Figure 15 is an illustration of a wireless communication means that can be used in conjunction with the various systems and methods described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The claimed matter is now described with reference to the figures, in which similar reference numbers are used to refer to similar elements in the document. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are established in order to provide a full understanding of the subject matter. It may be evident, however, that said subject matter is practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in the form of block diagrams in order to facilitate the description of the subject invention. In addition, various embodiments are described herein in relation to a user device. A user device can also be called a system, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, mobile station, mobile device, remote station, access point, base station, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, terminal, user agent, or user equipment. A user device can be a cell phone, a cordless telephone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) telephone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a PDA, a portable device that has wireless connection capability, another processing device connected to a wireless modem. Moreover, the aspects of the claimed matter can be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture that uses engineering techniques and / or standard programming to produce software, wired microprogramming, hardware, or any combination thereof to control a computer in order to implement various aspects of the subject matter claimed. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer readable device, carrier, or medium. For example, the computer-readable medium may include but is not limited to magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, diskette, magnetic strips ...) optical discs (e.g., compact disc (CD), digital versatile disc (DVD ) ...) smart cards, and fast memory devices (for example, card, lever, key driver ...). Additionally it should be appreciated that a carrier wave may be employed to carry computer-readable electronic data such as those used in the transmission and reception of voice mail or in access to a network such as a cellular network. Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize that many modifications can be made to this configuration without departing from the scope or spirit of what is described herein. Returning now to the figures, Figure 1 illustrates a system 100 that facilitates the allocation of resources for performing SDMA on a forward link in a wireless communications medium in general, and in a particular OFDM / OFDMA means. System 100 includes an encryption and deciphering code generator 102 that can receive data from a plurality of access terminals 104-108 within a particular sector, where access terminals 104-108 can be distributed throughout the sector. For example, the encryption and deciphering code generator 102 may cause the pilot signals to be provided to the access terminals 104-108, and the access terminals 104-108 may generate data related to the condition of a channel, such as data from the Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) and provide said data to the encryption and deciphering code generator 102. While the CQI is given as an example, it is understood that any convenient feedback data may be provided by the access terminals 104- 108 to the encryption and decryption code generator. Based at least in part on the feedback, the encryption and deciphering code generator 102 can determine whether each of the access terminals 104-108 is a candidate for the use of SDMA, diversity of communications (channel diversity), pre-coding, etc. By using the feedback, the encryption and deciphering code generator 102 can use, or update, an encryption and deciphering code 110 that can include multiple portions that allow the user devices to be programmed through an SDMA. For example, a first portion may include beamforming weights so that a first set of access terminals may be programmed according to SDMA with respect to other access terminals programmed in other beamforming weights in other portions of the code. encryption and decryption or other encryption and decryption codes. In a particular example, an access terminal assigned to the first portion may share time-frequency resources with an access terminal assigned to the second portion, because said access terminals are at a sufficient spatial distance from each other. In contrast, access terminals assigned within the same portion may not have the ability to share time-frequency resources without causing a substantial amount of interference between the two aforementioned elements. The encryption and deciphering code 110 may also include information related to which beams to program access terminals within the plurality of access terminals 104-108 that are not candidates for SDMA, and therefore do not share time-frequency resources with other access terminals within the sector. For example, access terminals or control channels that are not candidates for using SDMA can be configured for channel diversity, pre-encoding, or to receive broadcast data, and therefore should not share time-frequency resources with other access terminals in that portion of the encryption and decryption code. In a particular example, the encryption and deciphering code generator 102 can update the encryption and deciphering code 110 as it receives packets from the access terminals 104-108 (for example, the encryption and deciphering code 110 can be updated in a base per package). A scheduler 112 can receive the encryption and deciphering code 110 and allocate resources within the wireless communication medium. In more detail, the scheduler 112 may map the access terminals 104-108 to jump ports and / or assign a hop permutation based on an analysis of the encryption and deciphering code 110, and may also map the hop ports to particular frequencies. In a particular example, each hop port can be mapped to a frequency region of sixteen tones. To allow SDMA to be employed within a wireless communication system, the scheduler 112 can analyze two or more disparate channel trees, wherein a channel tree is a mapping of port space in an available frequency region. The base nodes of a channel tree may correspond to contiguous non-overlap tones, thereby ensuring orthogonality between access terminals associated with the channel tree. If two or more channel trees are associated with the same frequency region, the access terminals associated with disparate trees can be programmed in a way that they share time-frequency resources. Programmer 112 may allocate time-frequency resources by utilizing two or more channel trees in various disparate ways, which are described in greater detail below. Briefly, the programmer 112 can assign access terminals to jump ports that are mapped to a frequency range in a first channel tree, and not assign access terminals to corresponding hop ports (which map to a same range of frequency) in a second channel tree. This can be done to help maintain orthogonality with respect to access terminals that are not candidates to use SDMA, because these access terminals are not programmed to share time-frequency resources. The scheduler 112 may also allocate access terminals that are candidates for SDMA (within the first portion of the encryption and deciphering code 110) to one or more hop ports, where the hop ports are mapped to particular frequency ranges in The first channel tree. Thereafter, disparate access terminals that are candidates for the use of SDMA (within the second portion of the encryption and deciphering code 110) may be associated with hop ports that are mapped to substantially similar frequency ranges in the second channel tree. In one example, the mapping of hop ports to frequencies within two or more channel trees can be performed in a random fashion during a programmed permutation. This permutation can help create diversity of interference, but it can negatively affect scalability. In another example, the mapping of hop ports to frequency ranges within the channel trees may correspond accurately. For example, in a given permutation, if a first access terminal is assigned to a first set of hop ports in a first channel tree, then a corresponding access terminal is assigned to a second set of hop ports in the second channel tree, wherein the second set of hop ports corresponds to the first set of hop ports in terms of frequencies at which the hop ports are mapped. Moreover, the hop ports, within the corresponding sets, can be mapped to corresponding frequencies. In other words, except for jump ports associated with access terminals that are not candidates for the SDMA mode, the channel trees can be reflected with each other. In yet another example, the mapping of hop ports to frequency ranges between channel trees can be implemented as a mail merge and randomness. For example, if a first access terminal is assigned to a first set of hop ports in a first channel tree, then a corresponding access terminal can be assigned to a second set of hop ports in a second channel tree, wherein the second set of hop ports corresponds to the first set of hop ports in terms of frequencies at which the hop ports are mapped. However, individual hop ports within the sets of hop ports can be mapped to frequencies in a random manner. Therefore, while the sets of hop ports correspond between the channel trees, the individual hop ports within the sets may not correspond. Therefore, the scheduler 112 may utilize various permutations of channel trees in connection with the determination of a communications program 114 with respect to the access terminals 104-108. Referring now to Figure 2, there is illustrated an exemplary channel tree structure 200 that can be used in connection with resource allocation in a forward link within an OFDM / OFDMA wireless communications medium. Tree structure 200 represents a mapping of port space in a region of available frequency. The base nodes 202-216 of the tree structure 200 may correspond to contiguous non-overlapping tones so that all access terminals programmed within the same tree will be associated with orthogonality. In conventional OFDM / OFDMA systems, a simple tree structure can be used to schedule communications within a sector, where the access terminals programmed within the channel tree will be associated with channel orthogonality. To allow the use of SDMA, multiple channel trees may be employed, where access terminals on disparate trees may use substantially similar time-frequency resources. Going back to figure 3, an exemplary graphic image of a mapping between hop ports and frequency regions 300 is illustrated which is represented by means of the base nodes 202-216 of the tree structure 200 (FIG. 2). The mapping may correspond to a particular permutation, since the hop ports may be subject to mapping at several frequency ranges due to disparate permutations. In particular, the tree structure 200 can include eight base nodes 202-216 - consequently, eight jump ports can be mapped to eight different frequency ranges that are within a frequency region available during a hop permutation. In more detail, a first hop port can be mapped to a third frequency range (fr3), a second hop port can be mapped to a first frequency range (frl), a third hop port can be mapped to a sixth frequency range (fr6), and so on during the jump permutation. These mappings can be assigned randomly, pseudo-randomly, or through any other convenient means. In addition, the mappings can be re-assigned during particular time intervals and / or in accordance with a permutation program. It should also be understood that these mappings allow the access terminals that are associated with the hop ports within the channel tree 200 to remain related to orthogonal channels (for example, the frequency ranges can be created in a way to maintain the orthogonality ). Furthermore, although it is shown as a tree, it can be distinguished that the channel tree structure 200 can be retained in the form of a matrix or another convenient form to help program the access terminals in a wireless communication medium. Referring now to Figure 4, an exemplary way of assigning / programming access terminals on two disparate channel trees is illustrated by the use of representations 400 and 402 of base nodes of said channel trees. As mentioned above, an encryption and decryption code can be generated that includes at least two groups of access terminals that can operate in SDMA mode (for example, they are not waiting for broadcast transmissions, undergoing pre-coding ...). These groups can be created by a preferred bearer access terminal indication as well as through feedback from a CQI associated with the preferred beams. Accordingly, the access terminals in the first group can share time-frequency resources with the access terminals in a second group, while the access terminals within the same group should not share time-frequency resources. Representation 400 describes base nodes of a first channel tree, wherein the mapping between hop ports and frequency ranges within an available frequency region with respect to a particular permutation is defined. The first channel tree can be a primary tree, wherein the access terminals that are not candidates for operating in SDMA mode are programmed / assigned together with the access terminals within the first group of access terminals. Therefore, for example, a first access terminal (which will operate in SDMA mode) can be assigned to the first and second hop ports (hpl and hp2), which are randomly mapped to a third and first ranges of frequency (fr3 and frl), respectively for the permutation. The term "randomly" as used herein is intended to encompass truly random mapping as well as a pseudo-random mapping of hop ports to frequency ranges. A second access terminal (which is not a candidate to operate in the SDMA mode) can be associated with the third and fourth hop ports (hp3 and hp4), which can be randomly mapped to a sixth and eighth frequency ranges (fr6 and fr8), respectively. A third access terminal (which will operate in the SDMA mode) may be associated with the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth hop ports (hp5, hp6, hp7, and hp8), which can be mapped randomly to the second, seventh, fifth, and fourth frequency ranges (fr2, fr7, fr5, and fr4) , respectively. Therefore, the first channel tree can include hop ports that are associated with access terminals that will operate in SDMA mode as well as access terminals that will not operate in SDMA mode, and port mapping Jumping to frequency ranges can be done in a random or pseudo-random manner. In addition, disparate users can be assigned to different hop ports over time, and the same users can maintain an association with hop ports as they map to disparate frequencies after a hop permutation. The representation 402 describes base nodes of a second channel tree, which can be used to program communications with respect to access terminals that will operate in SDMA mode. Very particularly, the access terminals programmed / allocated with respect to the second channel tree can share time-frequency resources with access terminals programmed / assigned with respect to the first channel tree. For example, a fourth access terminal that will operate in the SDMA mode can be assigned to the tenth and eleventh hop ports, which can be randomly assigned to any convenient frequency range within the frequency region available except for the sixth and eighth frequency range (frß and fr8), because these ranges are reserved in the first channel tree for access terminals that do not operate in the SDMA mode. In representation 402, the tenth and eleventh jump ports (hplO and hpll) are randomly mapped to the second and first frequency ranges (fr2 and frl), respectively. A fifth access terminal that will operate in SDMA mode can be assigned to a twelfth hop port (hpl2), which is randomly mapped to a seventh frequency range (fr7), and a sixth access terminal that will operate in SDMA mode it can be assigned to jump ports 14-16, which are randomly mapped to the fifth, third, and fourth frequency ranges (fr5, fr3, and fr4), respectively. This random mapping between hop ports and frequency ranges provides interference diversity in the forward link for access terminals operating in the SDMA mode, because the access terminals associated with disparate channel trees may not correspond. In summary, the hop ports associated with two channel trees can be randomly mapped to frequency ranges during jump permutations, thereby improving the interference diversity. Returning now to Fi 5, another exemplary way to allocate resources by the use of two channel trees, whose base nodes are represented in the graphic descriptions 500 and 502 is illustrated. The display 500 shows base nodes of a first tree of channel, where the mapping between hop ports and frequency ranges within a region of available frequency is defined with respect to a hop permutation. In representation 500, the sets of hop ports can be assigned to a particular access terminal or set of access terminals. For example, a first set of hop ports 504 may include first and second hop ports (hp 1 and hp2), which may be assigned to a first access terminal. In the exemplary descriptions 500 and 502, the first access terminal is not a candidate to operate in the SDMA mode. Hpl and hp2 are shown as randomly mapped to the first and third frequency ranges (frl and fr3), respectively. It is understood, however, that the mapping of hop ports to frequency ranges may be determined as an access terminal feedback function, an access terminal operation mode, or any other convenient parameter. A second access terminal (which will operate in SDMA mode) can be assigned to a second set of hop ports 506, wherein said set 506 includes hop ports 3-5 (hp3, hp4, hp5). These jump ports are mapped to the sixth, seventh, and second frequency ranges, respectively. The first channel tree may further include information related to a set of hop ports 508, where set 508 includes hop ports 6-8. These hop ports are assigned to a third access terminal that will operate in the SDMA mode, where the hop ports are mapped to the seventh, fourth, and fifth frequency ranges (frl, fr4, and fr5), respectively. Because an SDMA mode is related to sharing time-frequency resources with respect to the access terminals, a second channel tree (whose base nodes are represented by means of the image 502) can be employed. The second channel tree can be used to program access terminals at overlap frequencies during the jump permutation. For example, access terminals at overlap frequencies may use disparate beams to receive and transmit data, wherein said beams can help maintain an interference threshold level. A determination of an appropriate beam can be made based on spatial signatures associated with one or more access terminals. As can be differentiated from the revision of image 502, the sets of hop ports and mappings correspond to sets of hop ports and mappings within description 500 (e.g., base level nodes of the two channel trees they correspond except with respect to jump ports assigned to access terminals that are not programmed for the SDMA mode). In more detail, a fourth set of hop ports 510 corresponds to the first set of hop ports 504. However, because the first set of hop ports 504 is associated with an access terminal that will not operate in the SDMA mode, the fourth set of hop ports is not mapped to a frequency range and, therefore, is not assigned to access terminals. A fifth set of hop ports 512 corresponds to the second set of hop ports 506. That is, the fifth set of hop ports 512 includes eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth hop ports, which are mapped to frequency ranges that the ports jump within the second set of jump ports 506 are mapped during the hop permutation (eg, a fourth access terminal is associated with the fifth set of hop ports 512 and shares time-frequency resources with the second access terminal ). A sixth set of jump ports 514, which includes jump ports fourteen, fifteen, and sixteen (hpl4, hpl5, and hpl6), corresponds to the third set of jump ports (eg jump ports within the sixth set of jump ports 514 are mapped to frequencies corresponding to mappings associated with hop ports within the third set of hop ports 508). In greater detail, hpl4, hpl5, and hpld are mapped to fr7, fr4, and fr5, respectively, during the permutation. The mapping of users to correspondingly mapped jump ports increases the scalability of the system - however, the diversity of interference can be adversely affected. Referring to Figure 6, an unequal way of allocating resources in a wireless communications medium is illustrated by the use of two channel trees. The representations 600 and 602 of the base nodes of a first and second channel tree, respectively, are illustrated, wherein the channel trees can be used by the scheduler 112 (FIG. 1) to program communications in the wireless medium. Representation 600 associated with the first channel tree shows that sets of hop ports can be associated with access terminals, and hop ports can be assigned to frequency ranges either randomly or by means of a convenient algorithm within of the programmer 112 (figure 1) for each hop permutation. The representation 600 is substantially similar to the representation 500 of FIG. 5, including similar sets of hop ports (504-508) and mappings similar to frequency ranges. However, the mappings shown within the representation 602 of base nodes of the second channel tree are generated in a disparate manner. Instead of jump port mappings within sets associated with the second channel tree that correspond identically to jump port mappings within sets associated with the first tree channel, hop ports within sets of those associated with the second channel tree can be randomly mapped to frequency ranges associated with the corresponding sets within the first channel tree. In greater detail, representation 602 may include the fourth set of hop ports 510, which corresponds to the first set of hop ports 504 in representation 600. Because the first set of hop ports 504 is associated with a terminal of access that will not operate in the SDMA mode, the access ports within the fourth set 510 are not mapped, and the frequency ranges frl and fr3 are used only by the first access terminal. The fifth set of hop ports 512 includes hpll-13, which correspond to hp3-5 in the second set of hop ports 506. Because hp3-5 are associated with frß, frd, and fr2, respectively, said frequencies they will map to hpll-13. However, hpll-13 can be randomly mapped to these frequency ranges - therefore, for example, hpll can be mapped to fr8, hpl2 can be mapped to fr2, and hpl3 can be mapped to frß. Therefore, the user assignments to hop port sets may correspond between the first and second channel trees, but the hop ports within the sets may be randomly assigned to frequency ranges. The set of hop ports 514 can include hpl4-hplβ, which maps to fr5, fr4, and fr7. This way of allocating resources in a wireless medium, within which SDMA is used in a desirable manner, provides scalability as well as interference diversity between hop ports. Returning to FIG. 7, there is illustrated a wireless communication apparatus 700 that can be employed to effect the allocation of resources in a wireless communication medium in which SDMA is desirably employed. The apparatus 700 may include a memory 702, within which an encryption and deciphering code may be preserved and / or maintained. As described above, the encryption and deciphering code may include data related to whether the access terminals are candidates for using SDMA, in a particular instance in time (for example, which may be determined on a per-packet basis). In more detail, the encryption and deciphering code may include quantized values that are indicative of spatial directions associated with the access terminals. Moreover, the memory 702 may include representations of channel trees that may be used to schedule communications in, for example, an OFDM / OFDMA means. Channel trees can include mappings between hop ports and frequency ranges, where frequency ranges can be re-used for access terminals that are programmed in the SDMA mode. In addition, the mappings can be altered according to several jump permutations. This information can be provided to a 704 processor, which can then schedule communications in the wireless medium accordingly. In one example, the processor 704 can analyze a first channel tree and define mappings within a second channel tree based, at least in part, on the contents of the first channel tree. For example, the content of the first channel tree may cause restriction with respect to frequency ranges in the second channel tree. Similarly, a hop permutation can be used to define multiple mappings between hop ports and frequency ranges in a first channel tree as well as a second channel tree. In another example, as mentioned above, access terminals can be programmed over SDMA dimensions in substantially similar time-frequency resources on a packet-per-pack basis. The SDMA factor may be a function programming undertaken by the processor 704. Very specifically, the processor 704 may assign one or more access terminals to a channel corresponding to substantially similar time-frequency blocks in subsequent transmissions. A multiplexing order can be completely controlled by means of the processor 704 during programming, where the well-separated access terminals can be double or triple programmed on a channel and other access terminals can not be spatially multiplexed. In still another example, the processor 704 may be employed in connection with interference diversity optimization by randomly overlapping the SDMA-enabled access terminals over frequency and time. The processor 704 can divide the total time-frequency resources into segments of different multiplexing order. For segments with multiplexion order N, there may be N sets of channels, where each set is orthogonal but overlaps between sets (see figure 6). The overlap channels can have different time and frequency jump sequences in order to maximize the diversity of interference within the sector. Referring to Figures 8-11, the methodologies related to the allocation of resources to enable SDMA in an OFDM / OFDMA medium are illustrated. Although for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the methodologies are shown and described as a series of facts, it is understood and appreciated that the methodologies are not limited by the order of events, since some facts may, according to the subject matter claimed, occur in different orders and / or concurrently with other facts shown here and described. For example, those skilled in the art will understand and appreciate that a methodology could alternatively be represented as a series of interrelated states or events, such as in a state diagram. Moreover, not all the facts illustrated can be used to implement a methodology according to one or more modalities. Referring only to Figure 8, a methodology 800 for allocating resources in a wireless medium is illustrated. The 800 methodology starts at 802, and at 804 a mapping between a first hop port and a frequency range is received. For example, this mapping may exist within a first channel tree after a particular permutation, which may be received by means of a programmer (which may be associated with a processor). Moreover, the hop port can be mapped to a particular frequency range based on an access terminal or user associated with said hop port as well as other hop ports and frequency ranges assigned thereto. At 806, an access terminal assigned to the first hop port is analyzed. For example, feedback can be received from the access terminal related to the CQI for a particular beam, a preferred beam, and the like. Moreover, although not shown, data from other access terminals can also be received and analyzed. At 808, a determination is made as to whether the access terminal is a candidate for using SDMA. For example, if the access terminal is waiting for data broadcast or is operating in diversity mode, said access terminal will not be a candidate for using SDMA. Similarly, if the access terminal requests precoding, said access terminal may not be a candidate for using SDMA in the forward link. If the access terminal is not a candidate to use SDMA, then at 810 other jump ports will not be mapped to the frequency range at which the first hop port is mapped. This ensures channel diversity and orthogonality with respect to the channel used by the access terminal. If the access terminal is a candidate to use SDMA, then at 812 a second hop port is mapped to the frequency range to which the first hop port is mapped. The methodology 800 is completed at 814. Referring now to Figure 9, a methodology 900 is illustrated for using an encryption and deciphering code in relation to the allocation of resources in a wireless communication medium. The 900 methodology begins at 902, and at 904 one or more pilot symbols are provided to an access terminal within a sector. For example, when operating in the SDMA mode, an access terminal may indicate a preferred beam (from an SDMA group) as well as CQI feedback associated with the preferred beam. A CQI pilot channel (F-CPICH), which can be scheduled periodically in block jump mode, can be used to calculate a broadband frequency domain channel response in physical transmission antennas. At 906, an encryption and decryption code is maintained based on the feedback received from the access terminal. For example, the signal qualities of the encryption and decryption code entries can be calculated based on the CQI pilot channel feedback. These signal qualities can be used in relation to users that are grouped (and, therefore, maintain the encryption and decryption code). In more detail, each access terminal in the SDMA mode can report a preferred Beam Index that is maintained within a particular SDMA group within the encryption and decryption code. The access terminals that correspond to the same SDMA group are placed in a substantially similar group, where the users within the group are programmed in such a way that they remain orthogonal (for example, they do not overlap). This is because the beams within the same SDMA groups may have similar spatial characteristics; therefore, the access terminals that use these beams probably have similar spatial characteristics and should not overlap. At 908, the first and second channel trees are updated based on the content of the encryption and decryption code. For example, users within the same group can be programmed on the same channel tree. Users in separate groups can share time-frequency resources, and therefore can be scheduled on separate channel trees. The methodology 900 is completed in 910. Referring to Figure 10, a methodology 1000 for allocating resources in a wireless communications medium is illustrated. Methodology 1000 starts at 1002, and at 1004 it is determined that a first access terminal is a candidate for SDMA use. For example, an encryption and decryption code can be maintained and analyzed to determine that the access terminal is a candidate for using SDMA. In a detailed example, it can be determined that the access terminal is spatially separated by a sufficient distance from a disparate access terminal to use SDMA. At 1006, the first access terminal is assigned to one or more hop ports, at 1008 one or more hop ports are mapped to one or more frequency ranges in a first channel tree. It is understood, however, that jump ports can be mapped to frequencies before they are assigned an access terminal, and that a fact order of methodology 1000 can change depending on the context and / or implementation. At 1010, it is determined that a second access terminal is a candidate for using SDMA, at 1012 the second access terminal is assigned to one or more hop ports. At 1014, one or more hop ports associated with the second access terminal are mapped to the same frequency range at which one or more of the hop ports associated with the first access terminal are mapped. This allows the first access terminal and the second access terminal to share time-frequency resources. The methodology 1000 is then completed at 1016. Figure 11 illustrates an exemplary multiple access wireless communication system. A wireless communication system 1100 includes multiple access multiple cells, for example cells 1102, 1104, and 1106. In the exemplary system illustrated in Figure 11, each cell 1102, 1104, and 1106 may include an access point 1150 which includes multiple sectors. The multiple sectors are formed by groups of antennas, each responsible for establishing communication with the access terminals in a portion of the cell. In cell 1102, the groups of antennas 1112, 1114, and 1116 each correspond to a different sector. In cell 1104, the groups of antennas 1118, 1120, and 1122 each correspond to a different sector. In the cell 1106, the groups of antennas 1124, 1126, and 1128 correspond, each, to a different sector. Each cell includes several access terminals which are in communication with one or more sectors of each access point. For example, access terminals 1130 and 1132 are in communication with the access point (or base station) 1142, access terminals 1134 and 1136 are in communication with access point 1144, and access terminals 1138 and 1140 they are in communication with the access point 1146.

As illustrated in Figure 11, each access terminal 1130, 1132, 1134, 1136, 1138, and 1140 is located in a different portion of its respective cell than each other access terminal in the same cell. In addition, each access terminal may be at a different distance from the corresponding antenna groups with which it establishes communication. Both of these factors provide situations, also due to the medium and other conditions in the cell, to cause different channel conditions to be present between each access terminal and its corresponding antenna group with which it establishes communication. As used herein, an access point can be a fixed station used to establish communication with the access terminals and can also be referred to as, and include some of all the functionalities of, a base station, a Node B, or some other terminology. A terminal may also be referred to as, and include some or all of the features of, a user equipment (UE), a wireless communication device, the terminal, a mobile station, a terminal, or some other terminology. In one example, a set of known beams can be used in the base station in order to provide SDMA, for example, adaptive or fixed sectors. If the base station has knowledge of the best beam for each user, you can assign the same channel to different users if they are going to be receiving data in different beams. In another example, the system 1100 may include an omni-directional beam corresponding to no pre-coding. The base station will use this beam for broadcast or multicast transmissions. In still another example, the system 1100 can use pre-coding without SDMA if said channel information is reported to the user. The SDMA Index can be a parameter that can slowly change relatively. This may occur because the Index used to calculate the SDMA Index captures a user's spatial statistics which can be measured by means of a mobile device. This information can be used by the mobile device to calculate the preferred beam by it and indicate this beam to the base station. Even without power allocation, knowing the channel in the transmitter improves the capacity especially for those systems where the number of transmit antennas TM is greater than the number of receiver antennas RM. The improvement in capacity is obtained by transmitting together with the addresses of the channel Eigen vectors. Channel feedback requires overload. The SDMA provides a set of beams rich enough in the transmitter that allows complete flexibility in programming. The users are programmed into beams that are signaled to the base station by means of some feedback mechanism. For efficient programming, the transmitter must have channel quality information on each user if a certain beam is used to program the user. Figure 12 illustrates an exemplary wireless communication system 1200. A three-sector base station 1202 includes multiple antenna groups, one that includes antennas 1204 and 1206, another that includes antennas 1208 and 1210, and a third that includes antennas 1212 and 1214. Only two antennas are illustrated for each group of antennas; however, a larger or smaller number of antennas may be used for each group of antennas. The mobile device 1216 is in communication with the antennas 1212 and 1214, wherein the antennas 1212 and 1214 transmit information to the mobile device 1216 on the forward link 1218 and receive information from the mobile device 1216 on the reverse link 1220. The mobile device 1222 is in communication with the antennas 1204 and 1206, wherein the antennas 1204 and 1206 transmit information to mobile device 1222 over forward link 1224 and receive information from mobile device 1222 over reverse link 1226. Each group of antennas and / or the area in which they are designated to establish communication can be referred to as a sector of the base station 1202. For example, the antenna groups may each be designated to communicate with the mobile devices in a sector of the areas covered by the base station 1202. A base station may be a fixed station used to establish communication with the terminals and can also be referred to as an access point, a Node B, or any other another terminology. A mobile device may also be called a mobile station, user equipment (UE), a wireless communication device, terminal, access terminal, user device, a laptop, or some other terminology. The SDMA can be used with frequency division systems such as an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system. An OFDMA system divides the bandwidth of the global system into multiple orthogonal sub-bands. These sub-bands are also referred to as tones, carriers, sub-carriers, reservoirs and / or frequency channels. Each subband is associated with a sub-carrier that can be modulated with data. An OFDMA system can use multiplexing by frequency and / or time division to achieve orthogonality between multiple data transmissions for multiple user devices. Groups of user devices can be assigned separate subbands, and data transmission for each user device can be sent in the subbands assigned to this user device. Figure 13 illustrates a 1300 system that uses SDMA to increase the capacity of the system in a wireless communication medium. The system 1300 may reside in a base station and / or in a user device, as one skilled in the art will appreciate. The system 1300 comprises a receiver 1302 that receives a signal from, for example, one or more receiving antennas, and performs typical actions therein (eg, filters, amplifies, downconverts, ...) the signal received and digitized the conditioned signal to obtain samples. A demodulator 1304 can demodulate and provide received pilot symbols to a processor 1306 for channel calculation. The processor 1306 may be a processor dedicated to analyzing information received by the receiver component 1302 and / or generating information for transmission by a transmitter 1314. The processor 1306 may be a processor that controls one or more portions of the system 1300, and / or processor which analyzes information received by the receiver 1302, generates information for transmission by means of a transmitter 1314, and controls one or more portions of the system 1300. The system 1300 may include an optimization component 1308 that coordinates the beam assignments. The optimization component 1308 can be incorporated into the processor 1306. It should be appreciated that the optimization component 1308 can include optimization code that performs a utility-based analysis in relation to the allocation of user devices to beams. The optimization code may use artificial intelligence based on methods in relation to carrying out probabilistic determinations and / or interference and / or determination based on statistics in relation to the optimization of beam assignments of the user device. The system (user device) 1300 may additionally comprise memory 1310 which is operatively coupled to processor 1306 and which stores information related to beam pattern information, search boxes comprising information related to it, and any other related convenient information. with the beam formation as described here. The memory 1310 can additionally store protocols associated with the generation of search boxes, etc., so that the system 1300 can employ stored protocols and / or algorithms to increase the capacity of the system. It is appreciated that the data storage components (eg, memories) described herein may be either volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. As an illustration, and not limitation, non-volatile memory may include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electronically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or fast memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache memory. As a means of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual rate data transfer SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM ( ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DDRAM). The memory 1310 of the subject systems and methods is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other convenient type of memory. The processor 1306 is connected to a symbol modulator 1312 and transmitter 1314 that transmits the modulated signal. Figure 14 illustrates a system using SDMA to increase the capacity of the system in a wireless communication medium. The system 1400 comprises a base station 1402 with a receiver 1410 that receives signal (s) from one or more of the user devices 1404 through one or more receiving antennas 1406, and transmits them to one or more user devices 1404 to through a plurality of transmit antennas 1408. In one example, receive antennas 1406 and transmit antennas 1408 can be implemented using a simple array of antennas. The receiver 1410 can receive information from the receiving antennas 1406 and is operatively associated with a demodulator 1412 that demodulates the received information. The 1410 receiver can be, for example, a Rake receiver (for example a technique that individually processes multiple path signal components using a plurality of correlators, ...) an MMSE-based receiver, or some other convenient receiver for separating user devices assigned to it, as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art. For example, multiple receivers (eg, one per receiver antenna) can be employed, and said receivers can communicate with one another to provide improved user data calculations. The demodulated symbols are analyzed by a processor 1414 that is similar to the processor described above with reference to FIG. 13, and is coupled to a memory 1416 that stores information related to assignments of the user device, search boxes related thereto and the like. . The receiver output for each antenna can be processed together by the receiver 1410 and / or processor 1414. A modulator 1418 can multiplex the signal for transmission by means of a transmitter 1420 through the transmit antennas 1408 to the user devices 1404 The base station 1402 further comprises an allocation component 1422, which may be a processor other than or integral to the processor 1414, and which may evaluate a deposit of all users in a sector served by the base station 1404 and You can assign user devices to the beams based at least in part on the location of the individual user devices. Figure 15 illustrates a transmitter and receiver in a multiple access wireless communication system 1500. The wireless communication system 1500 shows a base station and a user device for brevity purposes, however, it is appreciated that the system can include more of a base station and / or more than one user device, wherein the base stations and / or additional user devices may be similar or substantially different from the exemplary base station and user device described below. Furthermore, it is appreciated that the base station and / or user device may employ the systems and / or methods described herein to facilitate wireless communication between them. In the transmitter system 1510 the traffic data for a number of data streams is provided from a data source 1512 to a transmission data processor (TX) 1514. In one example, each data stream can be transmitted over an antenna of respective transmission. The data processor TX 1514 formats, encodes, and intersperses the traffic data for each data stream based on a particular coding scheme selected for that data stream to provide coded data. For example, the TX data processor 1514 can apply beamforming weights to the symbols of the data streams based on the user to which the symbols and the antenna from which the symbol is being transmitted are being transmitted. In some embodiments, the beamforming weights may be generated based on channel response information indicating the condition of the transmission paths between the access point and the access terminal. Channel response information can be generated using CQI information or channel calculations provided by the user. In addition, in those cases of scheduled transmissions, the TX 1514 data processor may select the packet format based on the classification information that is transmitted from the user. The data encoded for each data stream can be multiplexed with pilot data using OFDM techniques. The pilot data is typically known as a data pattern that is processed in a known manner and can be used in the receiver system to calculate the channel response. The encoded data and multiplexed pilot for each data stream can then be modulated (for example, map in symbols) based on a particular modulation scheme (eg, BPSK, QSPK, M-PSK, or M-QAM) selected for that data stream to provide modulation symbols. The rate of data transfer, coding, and modulation for each data stream can be determined by means of instructions carried out or provided by the processor 1530. In some embodiments, the number of parallel spatial streams may vary according to the degree of information transmitted by the user. The modulation symbols for the data streams are provided to a MIMO TX processor 1520, which further processes the modulation symbols (e.g., for OFDM). The TX MIMO 1520 processor provides Nt symbol streams to the Nt transmitters (TMTR) 1522a to 1522t. For example, the TX MIMO 1520 processor can apply beamforming weights to the symbols of the data streams based on the user to which the symbols are being transmitted and the antenna from which the symbol is being transmitted from that symbol. response information of the user's channel. Each transmitter 1522 receives and processes a respective symbol stream to provide one or more analog signals, and further conditions (eg, amplifies, filters and overconverts) the analog signals to provide a modulated signal suitable for transmission over the MIMO channel. The Nr modulated signals of the transmitters 1522a to 1522t are transmitted from the Nt antennas 1524 to 1524t, respectively. In the receiver system 1550, the transmitted modulated signals are received by the NR antennas 1552a to 1552r and the signal received from each antenna 1552 is provided to a respective receiver (RCVR) 1554. Each receiver 1554 conditions (eg filters, amplifies and subverts) ) a respective received signal, digitizes the conditioned signal and provides samples, and also processes the samples to provide corresponding "received" symbol stream. An RX data processor 1560 then receives and processes the symbolic NRs received from receivers 1554 based on a particular processing technique of the receiver to provide the classification number of "detected" symbol streams. The processing by means of the RX 1560 data processor is described in more detail below. Each detected symbol stream includes symbols that are calculations of the modulation symbols transmitted for the corresponding data stream. The RX data processor 1560 then demodulates, deinterleaves, and decodes each detected symbol stream to retrieve the traffic data for the data stream. The processing by means of the data processor RX 1560 is complementary to that executed by the TX MIMO processor 1520 and the data processor TX 1514 in the transmitter system 1510. The channel response calculation generated by the RX 1560 processor can be used to carry out the processing of space, time / space in the receiver, adjust the power levels, change the modulation speeds, or schemes, or other actions. The RX 1560 processor can also calculate the signal-to-noise-e-interference (SNR) ratios of detected symbol currents, and possibly other channel characteristics, and provide these quantities to a 1570 processor. The RX data processor 1560 or processor 1570 may further derive a calculation of the "effective" SNR for the system. The processor 1570 then provides calculated channel information (CS1), which may comprise various types of information in relation to the communication link and / or the received data stream. For example, the CSl may comprise only the operational SNR. The CSl is then processed by a data processor TX 1538, which also receives traffic data for a number of data streams from a data source 1576, modulated by means of a modulator 1580, conditioned by the transmitters 1554a to 1554r, and transmitted back to the transmitter system 1510. In the transmitter system 1510, the modulated signals of the receiver system 1550 are received by the antennas 1524, conditioned by the receivers 1522, demodulated by a demodulator 1540, and processed by an RX data processor. 1542 to recover the CSl reported by the receiving system. The reported CSl is then provided to the 1530 processor and used to (1) determine the data transfer rates and modulation and coding schemes to be used for the data streams and (2) generate various controls for the processor TX 1514 data and MIMO 1520 TX processor. At the receiver, various processing techniques can be used to process the received NR signals to detect the Nt transmitted symbol streams.

These receiver processing techniques can be grouped into two primary categories (i) space-time and spatial receiver processing techniques (which are also referred to as equalization techniques); and (ii) receiver processing technique of "interference cancellation and successive equalization / cancellation" (which is also referred to as receiver processing technique or "successive cancellation" or "successive interference cancellation"). A MIMO channel formed by the Nr transmit antennas and NR receiving antennas can be decomposed into Ns independent channels, with Ns < min. { NT, NR} . Each of the Ns independent channels can also be referred to as a spatial sub-channel (or a transmission channel) of the MIMO channel and corresponds to a dimension. For a software execution, the techniques described herein can be executed with modules (for example, processes, functions, and so on) that carry out the functions described herein. The software codes can be stored in memory units and can be executed by means of processors. The memory unit may be implemented within the processor or outside the processor, in which case it may be communicatively coupled to the processor by various means as is known in the art.

It is understood that the embodiments described herein can be implemented by means of hardware, software, wired microprogramming, customized software, microcode, or any combination thereof. For a hardware implementation, the processing units within an access point or access terminal may be implemented within one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal (DSPD), programmable logic devices (PLD), a matrix of programmable field doors (FPGA), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units designed to carry out the functions described herein, or a combination thereof. When the systems and / or methods are implemented in software, wired microprogramming, custom software, or microcode, program code or code segments, they can be stored in a computer readable medium, such as a storage component. A code segment can represent a process, a function, a sub-program, a program, a routine, a sub-routine, a module, a software package, a class, or any combination of instructions, data structures, or program instructions. A code segment may be coupled to another code segment or a hardware circuit by passing and / or receiving information, data, arguments, parameters, or memory contents. Information, arguments, parameters, data, etc. can be passed, forwarded, or transmitted using any convenient means including memory sharing, message passing, symbol passing, network transmission, etc. For a software implementation, the techniques described herein can be implemented with modules (e.g., processes, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. The software codes can be stored in memory units and can be executed by means of processors. The memory unit may be implemented within the processor or external to the processor, in which case it may be communicatively coupled to the processor through various means as is known in the art. What was described above includes examples of subject matter claimed. Of course, it is not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing such matter, but one skilled in the art can recognize that many additional combinations and permutations are possible. Accordingly, the subject matter claimed is intended to encompass all such alterations, modifications, and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term "includes" is used in either the detailed description or the claims, the term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising", since "comprising" is interpreted when employed as a word of transition in a claim.

Claims (30)

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the present invention, it is considered as a novelty and, therefore, the content of the following is claimed as a priority: CLAIMS

1. - A method for assigning resources in a wireless communication means comprising: receiving a mapping between a first hop port and frequency range; and determining if a second access terminal is assigned to a second hop port that is mapped to at least the same frequency range during a substantially similar instance in time, the determination is taken as a function of characteristics related to a first terminal of Access associated with the first hop port.

2. - The method according to claim 1, further comprising: determining that the first access terminal is a candidate for using Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA); and mapping the second hop port and associating the second access terminal with the second hop port when the second access terminal is also a candidate for using SDMA.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a first channel tree includes multiple mappings between hop ports and frequency ranges, the first channel tree also includes the first hop port, and a second channel tree it includes multiple mappings between hop ports and frequency ranges, the second channel tree also includes the second hop port.

4. - The method according to claim 1, further comprising: determining that the first access terminal is not a candidate for using SDMA; and avoid mapping the second jump port.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a first channel tree includes multiple mappings between hop ports and frequency ranges according to a first hop permutation and a second channel tree includes multiple mappings between hop ports and the frequency ranges according to the first hop permutation.

6. The method according to claim 5, further comprising: determining that the first access terminal has a first spatial address; determining that a second access terminal has a spatial address; mapping the first access terminal to the first hop port for a first period of time; and mapping the second access terminal to the second hop port for the first time period.

7. - The method according to claim 6, further comprising: associating the first access terminal with a first plurality of hop ports in the first channel tree; and avoiding the association of a third access terminal with the first plurality of hop ports in the second channel tree.

8. - The method according to claim 7, further comprising determining that the third access terminal is operating in a diversity mode, and wherein the prevention comprises avoiding association when the third access terminal is operating in the mode of diversity.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that each hop port is mapped to a range of frequencies, the method further comprising: randomly mapping the first plurality of hop ports to frequencies within the frequency range; and randomly mapping the second plurality of hop ports to frequencies within the frequency range.

10. The method according to claim 6, further comprising: receiving a quantized value indicative of the first address from the first access terminal; and associating the first access terminal with the first hop port based on the quantized value.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the quantized value is selected from an encryption and deciphering code.

12. - The method according to claim 1, which further comprises receiving the channel information from the first access terminal and wherein the determination comprises determining based on the channel information.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the channel information comprises a Channel Quality Indicator.

14. A wireless communication apparatus, comprising: a memory that includes information related to whether the two access terminals are candidates for using SDMA in an OFDM / OFDMA medium; and a processor that allocates the two access terminals to two hop ports that are mapped at substantially similar frequencies in a sector in substantially similar times if the two access terminals are candidates for using SDMA.

15. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that a first channel tree includes mappings between multiple jump ports and multiple frequency ranges according to a hop permutation, the processor defines mappings associated with a second tree. channel as a jump permutation function.

16. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the processor carries out the mapping for a forward link.

17. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the processor receives packets from the two access terminals and determines whether the two access terminals are candidates for using SDMA on a per-packet basis.

18. The wireless communication apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the processor is associated with multiple transmission antennas that are used to perform communications between an access point and the two access terminals.

19. An apparatus for managing frequency resources in a wireless communication means, comprising: means for determining that a first access terminal and a second access terminal are candidates for using SDMA; and means for assigning the first access terminal to a first hop port and the second access terminal to a second hop port, the first and second hop ports are mapped to substantially similar time-frequency resources.

20. The apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising: means for analyzing a first channel tree including the mapping between the first hop port and the time-frequency resources; and means for defining the mapping between the second hop port and the time-frequency resources in a second channel tree.

21. The apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising: means for maintaining an encryption and deciphering code, the encryption and deciphering code includes information related to a quantized value indicative of a first spatial address associated with the first terminal of access; and means for defining mappings associated with the first channel tree and the second channel tree as a function of the quantized value.

22. The apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising: means for determining that a third access terminal is not a candidate for using SDMA; and means to ensure that the third access terminal does not share time-frequency resources with other access terminals.

23. The apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising: means for mapping a first plurality of hop ports to a set of frequencies within a frequency range; and means for mapping a second plurality of hop ports to the set of frequencies within the frequency range such that a hop port within a first plurality of hop ports and a corresponding hop port within the second plurality of ports of jump are mapped to corresponding frequencies within the frequency set.

24. The apparatus according to claim 19, further comprising: means for randomly mapping a first plurality of hop ports to a set of frequencies within a frequency range; and means for randomly mapping a second plurality of hop ports corresponding to the first set of hop ports for the set of frequencies within the frequency range so that the corresponding hop ports within the first set of hop ports and the second set of jump ports are not mapped at substantially similar frequencies. 25.- A computer readable medium that has stored in it, executable instructions by computer to: determine that a first access terminal is a candidate to use SDMA; assigning the first access terminal to one or more jump ports that are mapped to one or more frequency tones in a first channel tree; determine that a second access terminal is a candidate to use SDMA; assign the second access terminal to one or more jump ports; and mapping one or more jump ports assigned to the second access terminal to one or more frequency tones mapped to one or more jump ports assigned to the first access terminal in a second channel tree. 26. The computer-readable medium according to claim 25, further comprising instructions for determining that the first access terminal is spaced a sufficient distance from the second access terminal to allow the first access terminal and the Second access terminal share time-frequency resources. 27. The computer readable medium according to claim 25, further comprising instructions for: determining that a third access terminal is not a candidate for using SDMA; assigning the third access terminal to one or more hop ports within the first channel tree; and ensuring that the hop ports within the second channel tree corresponding to hop ports within the first channel tree associated with the third access terminal are not assigned to a disparate access terminal. 28. The computer-readable medium according to claim 27, further comprising instructions for: randomly mapping one or more jump ports associated with the first access terminal to one or more frequency tones; and randomly mapping one or more hop ports associated with the second access terminal to one or more frequency tones. 29. A processor that executes instructions to improve performance for a wireless communication medium, the instructions include: associating a first access terminal with a first set of hop ports, the first access terminal configured to operate in an OFDM medium / OFDMA, the first access terminal is a candidate to use SDMA; map the first set of hop ports to a range of frequencies; associating a second access terminal to a second set of hop ports, the second access terminal configured to operate in an OFDM / OFDMA means, the second access terminal is a candidate for using SDMA; and mapping the second set of hop ports to the frequency range so that the first set of hop ports and the second set of hop ports are mapped to the range of frequencies in a substantially similar time. 30. The processor according to claim 29, characterized in that the instructions further comprise ensuring that the first and second access terminals are spaced apart by a threshold distance.