MX2008003243A - RICE CULTIVAR DESIGNATEDâÇÿCL131âÇ - Google Patents

Abstract

A novel rice cultivar, designatedâÇÿCL131âÇ, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of rice cultivarâÇÿCL131âÇ, to the plants of riceâÇÿCL131âÇ, and to methods for producing a rice plant produced by crossing the cultivarâÇÿCL131âÇwith itself or another rice variety, and to single gene conversions of such plants. The invention further relates to hybrid rice seeds and plants produced by crossing the cultivarâÇÿCL131âÇwith another rice cultivar. The invention further relates to other derivatives of the cultivarâÇÿCL131âÇ.

Description

CULTIVAR OF RICE DENOMINATED 'CL131' Steven D. Linsecombe Express Mail No. ED283087246 File No. 05A04.1 The benefit of registration date of September 9, 2005 of provisional patent application in the States United serial number 60 / 715,690 is claimed under 35 U.S.C. § 119 (c). The full description of the provisional priority request is incorporated herein by reference. This invention pertains to a novel and distinct rice crop, designated as "CL131." Rice is an ancient agricultural crop, and it is one of the main edible crops in the world. There are two cultivated rice species: Oryza sativa L. Asian rice, and O. glaberrima Steud., African rice. The Oryza saliva L. is virtually the rice grown throughout the world and is the species that grows in the United States of America. There are three major rice producing regions in the United States: Mississippi Delta (Arkansas, Mississippi, Northeast Louisiana, Southeast Missouri), Gulf Coast (Southwest Louisiana, Southeast Texas); and the Central Valley of California. See in general U.S. Patent No. 6,911,589. Rice is a semi-aquatic crop that benefits from the condition of the flooded land during part or all of the growing season. In the United States, rice typically grows in flooded land to optimize grain yields. Heavy clay soils or mud loam soils with layers of ferruginous crust approximately 30 cm below the surface are the typical rice producing lands, because they reduce water loss through evaporation by percolation of the soil. Rice production in the United States can be broadly categorized as either dry planting or planting in water. In the dry planting arrangement, the rice is planted in a well-prepared seed bed with a planter or by dispersing the seed and incorporating it with a disc or tooth harrow. The moisture for germination of the seed comes from irrigation or rain. Another method of dry planting is to disperse the seed by plane in a flooded field, and then drain the water quickly from the field. For the dry planting arrangement, when the plants have reached sufficient size (the four to five leaf phase), a shallow permanent waterlogging of 5 to 16 cm deep water is applied to the field for the rest of the season from harvest. One method of planting in water is to soak the rice seed for 12 to 36 hours to initiate germination, and then spread the seed by plane in a flooded field. The seedlings emerge through a shallow waterlogging, or the water can be drained from the field for a short period of time to reinforce the establishment of the seedlings. A shallow waterlogging is then maintained until the rice approaches maturity. For both dry sowing and sowing in water dispositions, the fields are drained when the harvest is mature, and the rice is harvested 2 to 3 weeks later with large harvesters. In rice cultivation programs, breeders use the same production systems that typically predominate in the region. Thus, a cultivated nursery with seed drill is typically used by breeders in a region where the rice is planted with a sower, and a simbra seedbed in water is used in regions where sowing in water prevails. Rice in the United States is classified into three primary market types by size, shape, and composition of the grain endosperm: long grain, medium grain, and short grain. Typical American long grain cultivars cook dry and fluffy when steamed or boiled, whereas medium and short grain cultivars are cooked moist and sticky. Long-grain cultivars have traditionally grown in the southern states and generally receive the highest market prices in the U.S.A. Although the specific crop objectives vary slightly in different regions, the increase in performance is a primary objective in all programs. The yield of the grain depends, in part, on the number of panicles per unit area, flocculus number fecund per panicle, and weight of grain per floret. Increases in any or all of these components can help improve yields. The heritable variation exists for each of these components, and the players can select directly or indirectly to increase any of them. There are numerous stages in the development of any new plant germ cell, convenient. The cultivation of the plant begins with the analysis and definition of the problems and weaknesses of the current germ cell, the establishment of program goals, and the definition of specific crop objectives. The next step is the selection (or generation) of the germ cell that possesses the characteristics that coincide with the goals of the program. The goal is often to combine into a single variety an improved combination of the desirable characteristics of two or more germ cell lines. These characteristics may include such things as higher seed yield, resistance to diseases or insects, good stems and roots, tolerance to low temperatures, and better agronomic characteristics or grain quality. The choice of cultivation and selection methods depends on the mode of reproduction of the plant, the inheritance of the characteristics to be improved, and the type of seed that is used commercially (for example, hybrid F, against pure line or innate cultivars) . For highly heitable characteristics, an option of higher individual plants evaluated in a single location can sometimes be effective, while for characteristics with low or more complex heritability, the selection is often based on the average values obtained from the reproduced evaluations. of the families of related plants. Selection methods include lineage selection, modified lineage selection, mass selection, recurrent selection, and combinations of these methods. The complexity of the inheritance influences the choice of the culture method. The sired "Backcross" or hybrid of first generation with a parent is used to transfer one or few favorable genes for a very heradable characteristic in a convenient cultivar. This approach has been used extensively to reproduce disease-resistant cultivars. Several recurrent selection techniques are used to improve inherited characteristics quantitatively controlled by numerous genes. The use of recurrent selection in self-pollinated crops depends on the pollination facility, the frequency of successful hybrids of each pollination, and number of hybrids descended from each successful cross. The promising advanced cultivation lines are fully tested and compared to the appropriate standards in representative environments of the commercial target area (s), typically for three years or more. The best lines become candidates for new commercial cultivars; those still deficient in a few characteristics can be used as mothers to produce new populations for further selection. These procedures that finally lead to the commercialization and distribution of new cultivars or hybrids, typically take from 8 to 12 years from the time of the first crossing; they must also trust (and are delayed by this) the development of improved crop lines as precursors. The development of new cultivars and hybrids is a procedure that takes a long time which requires a precise advance planning and efficient use of resources. There is never any conviction to obtain a successful result. A particularly difficult task is the identification of individual plants which are, in fact, genetically superior. The phenotype of a plant is the result of a complex interaction of genetics and environment. One method to identify a genetically superior plant is to observe its performance in relation to other experimental plants and to a conventional cultivar that has grown extensively that emerges in an identical environment. Repeated observations of multiple situations can help provide a good estimate of their genetic value. The goal of rice cultivation is to develop new, unique, and superior rice cultivars and hybrids. The player selects and initially crosses two or more parent lines, followed by self-pollination and selection, producing many new genetic combinations. The breeder can generate billions of different genetic combinations by crossing, self-pollination and mutation culture. The traditional player has no direct control at the molecular level. Therefore, two traditional players that work independently of each other will never develop the same line, or even very similar lines, with the same characteristics. Each year, the plant breeder selects the germ cell in advance of the next generation. This germ cell is grown under different geographical, climatic, and earth conditions. In addition the selections are made then during and at the end of the growing season. The resulting cultivars (or hybrids) and their characteristics are inherently unpredictable. This is because the selection of the traditional player occurs in unique environments, without control, at the molecular level, and potentially billions of possible different genetic combinations are generated. A player can not predict the final resulting line, except possibly in a very coarse and generic mode. In addition, the same player can not produce the same cultivate twice, even if it starts with the same parental lines, using the same selection techniques. This ungovernable variation results in substantial effort and expense to develop superior new (or hybrid) rice cultivars; and makes every new cultivar (or hybrid) novel and unpredictable. The crossing selection of higher hybrids is performed slightly differently. Hybrid seed is typically produced by manual crossbreeding among selected male fertile parents using genetic male sterility systems. These hybrids are typically selected for unique gene characteristics that unequivocally indicate that a plant is made as a hybrid hybrid that has inherited the characteristics of both presumed parents, particularly the male parent (from normally autofertilized rice). Such characteristics could include, for example, a semi-dense plant, pubescence, fine filaments, or apicule color. The additional data in the parent lines, as well as the hybrid phenotype, influences the decision of the breeder if it will continue with a particular hybrid cross or an analogous cross, using related parental lines. The Lineage culture methods and crop of recurrent selection are sometimes used to develop cultivars of breeding populations. These breeding methods combine the desirable characteristics of two or more cultivars or other germ cell sources in common breeding grounds from which cultivars are developed by self-pollination and selection of the desired phenotypes. The new cultivars are evaluated to determine the commercial potential. Lineage reproduction is often used to improve self-pollinated crops. They cross two parents who have favorable characteristics, complementary to produce Fi plants. A F2 population is produced by self-pollination of one or more Fi. The selection of the upper individual plants can start in generation F2 (or later). Then, starting in generation F3 (or a subsequent one), individual plants are selected. The repeated checking of panicle rows of the selected plants can start in generation F4 (or another subsequent one), both to arrange the desired characteristics and improve the selection effectiveness for characteristics that have low herability. In an advanced stage of reproduction (eg, F6, or F7), the best lines or mixtures of phenotypically similar lines are tested for potential release as new cultivars. Mass and recurrent selection methods can also be used to improve the populations of any self-pollinated or cross-pollinated crop. A genetically variable population of heterozygous individuals is identified or created by interbreeding of several different parents. The best descent plants are selected based on individual superiority, excellent offspring, or excellent combination ability. The selected plants are intercrossed to produce a new population in which additional selection cycles are continued. The reproduction of a first generation hybrid with a parent is often used to transfer the genes for a hereditary characteristic simply inherited, in a desirable homozygous cultivar or inbred line, which is a recurrent parent. The source of the characteristic to be transferred is called the donor father. The resulting plant should ideally have the attributes of the recurrent father (for example, the cultivar) and the new desired characteristic transferred from the donor father. After the initial crossing, individuals who possess the desired donor phenotype (eg, disease resistance, insect resistance, herbicide tolerance) are selected and repeatedly crossed ("backcrossed") to the recurrent father. The procedure of single-seed offspring in the strict sense refers to planting a segregating population, harvesting a sample of one seed per plant, and using the sample of one seed to plant the next generation. When the population has been advanced from generation F2 to the desired level of reproduction, the plants from which the lines are derived will be traced to the different F2 individuals. The number of plants in a population decreases each generation due to the failure of some seeds to be gelled or some plants to produce at least one seed. As a result, not all the plants originally tested in the population will be represented by offspring when the generation progress is complete. In a multiple-seed procedure, the breeder harvests one or more seeds from each plant in a population and threshes them together to form a volume. Part of the volume is used to plant the next generation and part is placed in reserve. The procedure has been termed as the descendant of a single modified seed or pod-bulk pod technique. The multiple-seed procedure has been used to save labor at harvest. It is considerably faster to thrash panicles by machine than to remove seeds by hand from each as in the single-seed procedure. The multiple-seed procedure also makes it possible to plant the same number of seeds of a population for each generation of reproduction. They are harvested enough seeds to compensate the plants that did not germinate or produced seed. Other common and less common culture methods are known and used in the art. For example, see R. Allard, Principles of Plant Reproduction (John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, New York, 1967): N.W. Simmonds. Principles of Crop Improvement (Longman, London. 1979); J. Sneep et al, "Prospects for Plant Cultivation" (Pudoc, Wageningen, 1979); and WR. Fehr "Principles of Cultivation Development: Theory and Technique (Macmillan Pub., New York, New York, 1987) Proper testing should uncover any major flaws and should establish the level of superiority or improvement over current cultivars. To demonstrate superior performance, there must be a demand for a new cultivar that is compatible with industry norms or that creates a new market.The introduction of a new cultivar farm incur additional cost to the producer of the seed, the reproducer, the processor and consumer for such things as special advertising, and marketing, altered seed and commercial production practices, and the new use of the product.The verification preceding the release of a new cultivar must take into account the costs of research and development as well as the technical superiority of the final cultivar For cultivars that propagate by seed, it must be can produce seeds easily and economically. In recent years, rice varieties tolerant to herbicide and hybrids have been successfully introduced to the market. See U.S. Patent Nos. 5,545,822; 5,736,629; 5,773,703; 5,773,704; 5,952,553; 6,274,796; and 6,943,280, and published international patent applications WO 00/27182 and WO 01/85970. The plants of these herbicide tolerant rices are resistant or tolerant to herbicides that normally inhibit the growth of rice plants. Thus, rice broodstock now can control weeds that previously were difficult to control in rice fields, including "red rice". "Red rice" is a weedy relative of cultivated rice, and previously it was difficult to control because it really belongs to the same species of cultivated rice. Only recently, when herbicide-tolerant rice became available, did it become possible to control red rice with herbicides in the fields where the cultivated rice was growing at the same time. There are currently only a very limited number of commercially available herbicide tolerant cultivars and hybrids. There is a continuing need for new herbicide tolerant cultivars and hybrids, that is, rice plants that not only express a desired herbicide-tolerant phenotype, but also possess other agronomically desirable characteristics. Additional herbicide-tolerant cultivars and hybrids will provide rice growers with greater flexibility in planting and crop management. A new herbicide-resistant long-grain rice cultivar has been developed, which has superior fall, process, and grain yield characteristics, which takes five years of time to develop from the first crossing. This invention provides a new and distinct rice cultivar, designated "CL131." This invention also pertains to the seeds of the rice cultivar "CL131"; rice plants "CL131"; and methods to produce a rice plant by crossing the rice variety "CL131" with itself or with another rice line. Thus any such methods using the rice variety "CL131" are aspects of this invention, including self-pollination, first generation crossbreeding with a progenitor, hybrid production, crossbreeding, and other culture methods involving "CL131". Hybrid plants produced using the rice variety "CL131" as a parent are also within the scope of this invention. In another embodiment, this invention allows the plants converted from a single gene "CL131" to be obtained. The only gene transferred can have a dominant or recessive allele. Preferably, the single transferred gene confers a characteristic such as resistance to insects, one or more bacterial, fungal or viral diseases, male fertility or sterility, improved nutritional quality, improved process quality, or additional source of herbicide resistance. The single gene can be the gene of a naturally occurring rice or a transgene introduced through genetic design techniques known in the art. The unique gene can also be introduced through first generation crossover techniques with a traditional parent or genetic transformation techniques known from the technique.

In another embodiment, this invention provides the regenerable cells for use in the "CL131" rice plant tissue culture. The culture of the tissue can allow the regeneration of plants that have physiological and morphological characteristics of the rice plant "CL 131" and the regeneration of the plants that possess substantially the same genotype as the rice plant "CL131". Tissue culture techniques for rice are known in the art.

Regenerative cells in the tissue culture can be derived from sources such as embryos, protoplasts, meristematic cells, corns, pollen, leaves, anthers, root tips, flowers, seeds, panicles, or stems. Additionally, the invention provides regenerated rice plants from such tissue cultures. DEFINITIONS The following definitions apply throughout the description and claims, unless the context clearly states otherwise: "Days to 50% spike." The average number of days from sowing per day when at least 50% of all the panicles are exerted through the pod sheet. A measure of maturation. "Grain yield". The grain yield is measured in pounds per acre, 12.0% humidity. The yield of grain depends on several factors, including the number of panicles per unit area, fertile flocculus number per panicle, "and weight of grain per floret." Percent drop. The fall is a subjectively measured valuation, and it is the percentage of plant stems that lean or fall completely to the ground before harvest.

"Grain length (L)". The length of the grain of rice, or average length, measured in millimeters. "Grain width (W)". The width of the rice grain, or average width, measured in millimeters. "Length / Width Ratio (L / W)". This proportion is determined by dividing the average length (L) by the average width (W). "Weight of 1000 grains". The weight of 1000 grains of rice, measured in grams. "Harvest humidity". The percentage of humidity in the grain when it is harvested. "Height of the plant". Plant height in cm, measured from the surface of the soil to the tip of the panicle extended in the harvest. "Percent of amylose". The percentage of starch from the endosperm of milled rice that is amylose. The apparent amylose percent is an important characteristic of the grain that affects the cooking behavior. Conventional long grains contain 20 to 23 percent amylose. Rexmont-type long grains contain 24 to 25 percent amylose. The short and medium grains contain 13 to 19 percent amylose. Waxy rice contains zero percent amylose. The amylose value, like most rice characteristics, depends on the environment. "Apparent" refers to the procedure for determining amylose that may also involve the measurement of some long chain amylopectin molecules that bind to some of the amylose molecules. These amylopectin molecules are actually similar to amylose, determining in relation to hard or soft cooking characteristics. "Alkaline diffusion value". An index that measures the amount of disintegration of the ground rice grain when it is in contact with diluted alkaline solution. A temperature indicator of gelatinization. Conventional long grains have an alkaline diffusion value of 3 to 5 (intermediate gelatinization temperature). "Maximum viscosity". The maximum viscosity achieved during heating when a specific standardized instrument protocol is applied to a suspension of rice flour and defined water. "Minimum viscosity". The minimum viscosity after the maximum, which normally occurs when the sample begins to cool. "Final viscosity". The viscosity at the end of the test or cold paste. "Break". The maximum viscosity minus the viscosity of hot pasta. "Recoil". Setback 1 is the final viscosity minus the minimum viscosity. Setback 2 is the final viscosity minus the maximum viscosity. "RVA viscosity". The viscosity, measured by a Visco Rapid analyzer, is a new laboratory instrument but widely used to examine the viscosity of the paste or thickened capacity of the milled rice during the cooking process. "Viscosity of hot pasta". The viscosity measurement of rice flour / water suspension after it was heated to 95 * C. Lower values indicate softer and more sticky types of rice cooking. "Viscosity of cold pasta". The suspension viscosity measurement of rice flour / water after it was heated to 95 ° C and uniformly cooled to 50 ° C. Values less than 200 indicate softer types of rice cooking. "Alelo." An allele is any one or more alternate form of the same gene. In a diploid cell or organism, two alleles of a given gene occupy the corresponding sites in a pair of homologous chromosomes. "Backcrossing". Backcrossing is a proce in which a breeder crosses the hybrid offspring repeatedly with one of its parents, for example, crossing a first hybrid Fx generation with one of the paternal genotypes of the hybrid Fi, and then crosses a second hybrid F2 generation with the same paternal genotype, and so on. "Essentially all the physiological and morphological characteristics". A plant that has "essentially all the physiological and morphological characteristics" of a specified plant refers to a plant that has the same general physiological and morphological characteristics, except for the characteristics derived from a particular gene. "Quantitative characteristic sites (QTL)". Quantitative characteristic sites (QTL) refer to genetic sites that control to some degree the numerically measurable characteristics, generally characteristics that are continuously distributed. "Regeneration". Regeneration refers to the development of a plant from tissue culture. "A single gene Converted (Conversion)". The converted single gene (conversion) includes plants developed by backcrossing in which essentially all the desired morphological and physiological characteristics of a paternal variety are recovered, retaining a single gene transferred in the variety by crossing and backcrossing. The term can also refer to the introduction of a single gene through genetic engineering techniques known in the art. "CL131" is a long-grain rice variety of very early maturation, semi-dense, high-yield, herbicide-tolerant, that was developed at the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station (Rice Research Station) in Crowley, Louisiana. The "CL 131" is an early selection designated 00CR387 of a crossbreeding of lineage CFX18 // AR1142 / LA2031. It was developed from a generation volume F4. The female father was "CFX18", which has been commercially released as the cultivar "CL161". The herbicide tolerant paternal variety "CFX18" is also known as "PWC16" for which samples are available from the Type Culture Collection Americana (ATCC) as deposit of the PTA-904 patent. The male father was an experimental line that has not been released as a commercial variety. The male paternal line was developed from crossing AR1142 / LA2031. RA 1142 was commercially released as the long grain cultivar 'Kaybonnet' by the Agricultural Experiment Station of Arkansas in Fayetteville, Arkansas. LA2031 was an advanced long-grain experimental line from the Louisiana rice crop program that has not been released as a commercial variety. Samples of experimental LA2031 seed are available from the inventor or transferee of the present application without charge for written requisition, as long as viable storage of LA2031 seed remains available. However, neither the inventor nor the transferee are responsible for maintaining viable storage of LA203 seeds indefinitely. After the initial crossing was made, the population was initially grown as five Fi plants, designated 01T034. The seeds of these plants were harvested in bulk and were planted as F2 plants in the Winter Seedbed of Puerto Rico, designated 01B268-300-PR. One hundred panicles were selected from the population of F2 and were grown as the panicle rows in Puerto Rich. Five panicles from row F3, designated 02P2056-PR, were selected and planted as the rows of F4, designated 0283305. Fifteen panicles from row F4 were selected and harvested as the seed volume. This bulk harvest was the basis for the variety "CL131". In the early generations the plants or lines were selected for phenotypic superiority by characteristics such as short stature, early arrival, plant architecture, grain shape and uniformity, young plant vigor, number of shoots, and grain size. In later generations (seed increase), the line was selected for uniformity and purity both within and between rows of panicle. The seeds of this row with volume were entered into an experimental line test program. This line was also tested at several locations in the Louisiana rice production area. The experimental test lines found an average grain yield of 7308 kg / hectare for "CL131", compared to 7236 kg / hectare for "CL161". Average grinding yields (ie, the ratio of weight of grinded grain to unmilled grain weight) to 120 g kg-1 of moisture was 67.2% to 72.1% for "CL131", and 66.2 % to 70.8% for "CL161". The "CL131" seemed to be slightly more impact resistant and somewhat more susceptible to "straighthead" than "CL161". Susceptibility to the soil fungus seemed similar for the two lines. The emergency period at 50% for "CL131" was on average one day earlier.

The "CL131" reaches the harvest humidity two to three days before the "CL161" (from 50% of the crop to the level of harvest humidity). Thus, the new line had four to five more days of general maturity. The 'CL131' on average was 7.62 cm shorter in plant height, and presented a much better resistance to fall compared to "CL161". During each generation of choice, the variant rows were eliminated or "removed" from the field. Visual inspections of main rows, including characters such as heading date, plant height, contour and grain size; and the color of the plant was used to confirm the purity of the cultivar. The line was grown in panicle rows, and were reselected and purified for two consecutive years. A thousand panicles were selected from a population of 15 rows of panicles. The material was planted (like 4000 rows of panicle) in the Winter Seedbed of Puerto Rico, located near Lajas, Puerto Rico. This population was selected as described previously before the harvest (213 rows were eliminated), and the seed of the reproduction volume was returned to the Rice Research Station in Crowley. Louisiana This seed was used to plant a 3,2 hectares reproduction / foundation field. A part of the same seed was designated as a foundation seed, and was used to plant 0.49 hectare to begin the process of registered seed production near Danbury, Texas. Seed classes "CL131" include breeding, foundation, registered, and certified. The foundation seed can be used to produce additional foundation seed, if necessary, at the discretion of the breeder. The "CL131" has been observed in increase of the seed and fields of production for three generations, where it has been observed to maintain the uniformity and stability of the characteristics described in this description. The rice cultivar "CL131" was observed indicating that it has the following morphological and other characteristics (based mainly on data collected in Crowley, Louisiana):. VARIETY DESCRIPTION INFORMATION MATURITY (Crowley, Louisiana at 165 kg N / ha): Days to maturity (50% spike): 86 1 day earlier than "CL161" Maturity class (50% spike Louisiana): Early (86-95 days) to 50%, spike APOGEO: (degrees from the perpendicular after flowering) Angle: Right (less than 30 degrees) Length: 94 cm (Level of soil to the top of the extended panicle in the shank main) Shorter than 'CL161' by 7,6 cm Height class: Semienana Color of internode (After flowering): cream Strength (resistance to fall): Strong FLAG SHEET: (After spike) Length: 31 cm Width : 10 mm Pubescence: soft Leaf angle (after spike): Right Leaf color: green Basal leaf pod color: green LEGEND: Color (late vegetative state): White Shape: Acute to acuminate Neck color (vegetative phase final): colorless Atrial color (final vegetative phase): colorless. PANIC: Length: 23 cm Type: intermediate Secondary bifurcation: Moderate Effort (near maturity): > 95%, Stem: Languid Chipping: Low (3%) Trillability: Easy. GRAIN (spikelet): Beards (After full spike): normally without beards, some short beards, Apiculus color (in maturity): Pale purpure Stigma color: White Slogan and palea pubescence: mild Spikelet sterility (a maturity): Very fertile (> 90%). GRAIN (Seed): Seed pod color: light chestnut Endosperm Type: Nonglutinous (no wax) Endosperm Translucency: Clear Endosperm Gredosity: Low (less than 10% sample). Odor: no essence Form class (length / width ratio): Paddy - Length (3.4: 1 or greater) Chestnut - Length (3.1: 1 or greater) Ground - Length (3.0: 1 or greater) . Measurements: Length Width Proportion Thickness 1000 Grain (mm) (mm) L / W (mm) (grams) Paddy 9,06 2,53 3,58 2,03 19,8 Chestnut 7,14 2,22 3,22 1 , 72.1.1 Ground 6.62 2.18 3.04 1.67 16.8 Grinding yield (% whole grain rice (head) to rough rice): 67.2%. Protein (NIR): 7, 18 Amylose: 24.0 Alkalinity diffusion value: 3.9 (1.5% KOH solution). Type of gelatinization temperature: intermediate. Viscosity of amylographic paste (Fast Visco amylograph - RVU). Maximum 274.7 Hot Paste 163.3 Chilled 304.3 Grain dimensions and preliminary cereal chemistry data indicated that "CL131" has typical cooking characteristics of long grain rice from the United States of America. LOW TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE: Young plant gemination and vigor: medium Flowering (spikelet fertility): medium. VIGOR OF YOUNG PLANT NOT RELATED TO LOW TEMPERATURE: Vigor: medium RESISTANCE TO DISEASES: Soil fungus (Rhizoctonia solani): Susceptible Blasto (Pyricularia grísea): Slightly susceptible Spot of narrow brown leaf (Cercospora janseana): Susceptible Brown spot of leaf (Entyloma oryzae): Slightly Susceptible Brown spot (Cochiobolus miyabeanus): Slightly susceptible. STRAIGHTHEAD DISORDER: Slightly susceptible. INSECT RESISTANCE: Rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus): Susceptible The variety is resistant to imidazolinone herbicides.

This resistance is inherited from the "CL161" father. The 'CL161' contains the gene for the resistance of an induced mutation reproduction program. The gene allows the "CL131" to be used with Clearfield ™ rice technology and herbicides.This system uses resistant varieties, along with imazethapyr and imazamox herbicides (or other imidazolinone or sulfonylurea herbicides), for the selective control of weeds, including red rice See generally U.S. Patent 6,943,280.Table 1 demonstrates the agronomic and grain quality performance of "CL131" during the tests in Crowley, Louisiana Table 1 ID Vigor1 Spiked2 Height3 Drop4 Yield5 Whole6 Total7 'CL131' 5 86 94 0 7308 67.2 72.1 1. The subjective valuation of young plant vigor - scale 1-9, with lower numbers indicating higher levels of vigor. 2. Days of emergency at 50% earring. 3. Plant height (cm) from the land line the tip of the panicle extended on the main stem. 4. Fall - Percent of plants fall at harvest maturity. ("0" = no fall was observed) 5. Yield - in kg per hectare, converted to 12% grain moisture. 6. Grinding - whole - (Percentage of whole grain (head) of rice with respect to raw rice). 7. Grinding - total - (Percentage of total rice compared to raw rice). This invention also relates to methods for producing a rice plant by crossing from a first parent rice plant with a second parent rice plant, wherein the first or second rice plant is a rice plant of the line. Cl-131 '. In addition, both the first and second parent rice plants can be from cultivar 'CL131'. Accordingly, the methods using the cultivar 'CL1311 are part of this invention, including crossbreeding, self-pollination, backcrossing, hybrid breeding, cross-breeding, other breeding methods described earlier in this description and other cultivation methods known to the art. those of skill in the art. Any plant produced using the cultivar 'CL131' as a parent or ancestor is within the scope of this invention. For example, this invention also relates to methods for producing a first generation of hybrid rice plant by crossing the plant of a first parent rice with the plant of a second parent rice, wherein both the first or second parent rice plant is "CL131". In addition, this invention also relates to the methods for producing the line of a hybrid rice derived from "CL131" by crossing "CL131" with a second rice plant, and to grow seed of the offspring. The crossing and growth stages can be repeated any number of times. The reproduction methods using the 'CL131' rice line are considered part of this invention, not only backcrossing and hybrid reproduction, but also self-pollination, cross-breeding, and other breeding methods known in the art. If desired, both parents in such a crossing, from 'CL131' or the other parent, through techniques known in the art can be produced in sterile male form. Further embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the term "plant" includes plant cells, plant protoplasts, tissue culture plant cells from which rice plants can be regenerated, plant callus, plant groups, and plant cells. which are intact in the plants or parts of plants, such as pollen, flowers, embryos, ovules, seeds, pods, leaves, stems, anthers and the like. Thus, another aspect of this invention is to provide the cells that, in growth and differentiation, produce a cultivar that has essentially all the physiological and morphological characteristics of the 'CL131.' Techniques for transforming and expressing desired structural genes and cultured cells are known in the art. Also, as is known in the art, rice can be transformed and can be regenerated in such a way that whole plants are obtained containing and expressing the desired genes under regulatory cotrol. General descriptions of plant expression vectors and report genes and transformation protocols can be found, for example, in Gruber et al. "Vectors for the transformation of the plant, in Methods in Biology &; Plant Molecular Biotechnology "in Glich et al (Eds., Pp. 89-119, CRC Press, 1993) For example, expression vectors and gene cassettes with the GUS reporter are available from Clone Tech Laboratories. Inc. (Palo Alto, Calif.) And gene expression vectors and cassettes with luciferase reporter are available from Promega Corp. (Madison, Wis.). General methods of cultivating plant tissues are provided, for example, by Maki et al. "Procedures for introducing external DNA into Plants "in Methods in Biology &Molecular Biotechnology of Plant, Glich and col. (Eds., Pp. 67-88 CRC Press, 1993); by Phillips et al., "Cell tissue culture and manipulation In-Vitro "in Corn &Corn Improvement, 3rd Edition, and for Sprague et al., (Eds., Pp. 345-387) American Society of Agronomy Inc., 1988. Methods of introducing expression vectors into plant tissue include direct infection or cocultivation of plant cells with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Horsch et al., Science, 227: 1229 (1985). Descriptions of Agrobacterium vector systems and methods for gene transfer with Agrobacterium intervention are provided by Gruber et al., Supra. Useful methods include but are not limited to expression vectors introduced into plant tissues using a direct gene transfer method such as delivery with microprojectile intervention, DNA injection, electroporation and the like. More preferably, the expression vectors are introduced into plant tissues using the supply of microprojectile media with a biolistic device or transformation with the intervention of Agrobacterium. The transformed plants obtained with the germ cell of 'CL1311 are within the scope of this invention. The present invention also provides rice plants regenerated from a tissue culture of the CL131 variety or hybrid plant. As is known in the art, care of the tissue culture is used for the in vitro regeneration of the rice plant. For example, see Chu, Q. R. et al. (1999) "Use of derived parents with high anther cultivability to improve plant regeneration and rice breeding value". Rice Biotechnology Quarterly, 38: 25-26; Chu, Q. R. et al., "A new means of regeneration of plant for cultivation of rice anther of North American crossing of the south", rice Biotechnology Quarterly, 35: 15-16 (1998); Chu, Q. R. et al .. "A new basal medium for the induction of embryogenic callus of North American crossing of the south". Biotechnology of rice Quarterly, 32: 19-20 (1997); and Oono, K., "Expanding Genetic Variability by Tissue Culture Methods". Jap. J. Breed. , 33 (Sup. 2), 306-307 (1983). Thus, another aspect of this invention is to provide cells that, by growth and differentiation, produce rice plants that have all, or essentially all, the physiological and morphological characteristics of the variety 'CL131.' Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, references in the description and claims to CL131 should be interpreted to also include conversions of a single male sterility gene of CL131, other sources of herbicide resistance, resistance to bacterial disease , fungina, or viral, insect resistance, male fertility, improved nutritional quality, industrial use, yield stability and performance improvement. Duncan et al., Planta, 165: 322-332 (1985) reflects that 97% of the cultivated plants that are produced from the callus are capable of regeneration of the plant. Subsequent experiments with reproduction with descendants and hybrids produced 91% regenerable callus that produced the plants. In a further study, Songstad et al., Plant Cell Reports, 7: 262-265 (1988) report that several media aggregates improve callus regenerability of two innate lines. Other published reports also indicate that "non-traditional" tissues are capable of producing somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. KP Rao et al., Journal of Genetic Cooperation of Maize, 60: 64-65 (1986), refers to the somatic embryogenesis of glume callus cultures and BV Conger et al., Plant Cell Report, 6: 345 -347 (1987) reports the somatic embryogenesis of tissue culture of corn leaf segments. These methods of obtaining plants are routinely used with a high success rate. Corn tissue culture is described in European Patent Application No. 160,390. Methods for growing corn tissue that can be adapted for use with rice are also described in Green et al., "Regeneration of the Plant in the Cultivation of Corn Tissue", Corn for Biological Research, Association of Plant Molecular Biology, Charlottesville, Va .. pg. 367-372, 1982) and in Duncan et al., "Callus Production Capable of Plant Regeneration from Immature Embryos Numerous Zea mays Genotypes." 165 Planta, 322: 332 (1985). Thus, another aspect of this invention is to provide the cells that, with growth and differentiation, produce rice plants that have all, or essentially all, the physiological and morphological characteristics of the hybrid rice line 'CL131. 'See T.P. Croughan et al. (Springer - Verlag, Berlin, 1991) Rice (Oryza saliva L.): Establishment of Callus Culture and Plant regeneration, in Biotechnology, in Agriculture and Forestry (19-37). With the advent of molecular biological techniques that allow the isolation and characterization of genes that encode specific protein products, it is now routinely possible to engineer plant genomes to incorporate and express external genes, or to add or modify gene versions. native or endogenous (perhaps driven by different promoters) to alter the characteristics of a plant in a specific way. Such external, additional and modified genes are collectively referred to herein as "transgenes". During the past 15 to 20 years, various methods for producing the transgenic plants have been developed, and the present invention in the particular embodiments also refers to the transformed versions of 'CL131.' An expression vector is presumed to work in the cells of the plant. Such a vector comprises a DNA encoding the sequence under control or operably linked to a regulatory element (e.g., a promoter). The expression vector may contain one or more such combinations of coding / regulatory element sequences operatively linked. The vector or vectors may be in the form of a plasmid, and may be used exclusively or in a combination with more plasmids to thereby provide the transformed rice plants. Expression Vectors Expression vectors typically include at least one genetic "marker", operably linked to a regulatory element (eg, a promoter) which allows the transformed cells containing the marker to both be recovered by negative selection, is say, inhibiting the growth of cells that do not contain the selectable marker gene, or by positive selection, i.e., filtering for the product encoded by the genetic marker. Many of the selectable marker genes normally used for plant transformation are known in the art, and include, for example, genes that encode enzymes that metabolically detoxify a selective chemical inhibitor such as an antibiotic or herbicide, or genes that encode a target altered that is insensitive to such an inhibitor. Methods of positive selection are also known in the art. For example, a selectable marker gene normally used for plant transformation is for neomycin II phosphotransferase (nptll), isolated from Transposon Tn5, whose expression confers resistance to kanamycin. See from Fraley et al., Proc. Nati Acad. Sci.

E.U.A., 80: 4803, (1983). Another selectable marker gene normally used is the hygromycin phosphotransferase gene, which confers resistance to the hygromycin antibiotic. See Vanden Elzen et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 5: 299 (1985). Additional selectable marker genes of bacterial origin that confer resistance to one or more antibiotics include gentamicin acetyl transferase, streptomycin phosphotransferase, aminoglycoside-3 '-adenyl transferase, and determinant bleomycin resistance. Hayford et al., Plant Physiol. 86: 1216 (1988), Jones et al., Mol. Gen. Genet., 210: 86 (1987). Svab et al. Plant Mol. Biol., 14: 197 (1990); Plant Mol. Biol. 7: 171 (1996). Other selectable marker genes confer resistance to herbicides such as glyphosate, glufosinate, or broxinil. Comani et al. Nature 317: 741-744 (1985); Gordon-Kamm et al. Plant Cell 2: 603-115 (1990); and Stalker et al. Science. 242: 419-423 (1988). Selectable marker genes for plant transformation include non-bacterial origin, e.g., mouse dihydrofolate reductase, plant enolpiruvilshiquimato-3-phosphate 5- synthase, and plant acyclolactate synthase. Eichholtz et al., Somatic Cell Mol.

Genet 13: 67 (1987); Shah et al. , Science. 233: 478 (1986); Y Charest et al., Plant Cell Rep., 8: 643 (1990). Another class of marker genes for plant transomotation employ filtering of the putatively transformed plant cells, rather than selection for resistance to a toxic substance such as an antibiotic.

These marker genes are particularly useful for quantifying or visualizing the spatial model of expression of a gene in specific tissues, and are often called reporter genes because they can be spiked to the designated gene or regulatory sequence. Reporter genes normally used include glucuronidase (GUS), galactosidase, luciferase, chloramphenicol and acetyltransferase. See Jefferson, R. A., Plant Mol. Biol. Rep., 5: 387 (1987); Teeri et al .. EMBO J. 8: 343 (1989); Koncz et al., Proc. Nati Acad Sci. EE. UU; 84: 131 (1987); and DeBlock et al., EMBO J. 3: 1681 (1984). Another approach to the identification of relatively rare transformation events has been the use of a gene encoding a dominant constitutive regulator of the anthocyanin pigmentation pathway of Zea mays. Ludwig et al., Science, 247: 449 (1990). The green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene has been used as a marker for gene expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. See Chalfic et al. Science. 263: 802 (1994). GFP and GFP mutants can be used as filterable markers. The genes included in the expression vectors are controlled by a nucleotide sequence comprising a regulatory element, for example, a promoter. Many convenient promoters are known in the art; as are other regulatory elements that can be used alone or in combination with the promoters. As used herein, the "promoter" refers to a region of DNA upstream of the transcription initiation site, a region that is involved in the recognition and binding of RNA polymerase and other proteins to begin transcription . A "plant promoter" is a promoter capable of starting transcription in the cells of the plant. Examples of promoters under development control include promoters that preferentially initiate transcription in certain tissues, such as leaves, roots, seeds, fibers, xylem vessels, tracheids, or sclerenchyma. Such promoters are called "preferred tissue". Promoters who initiate transcription only in a certain tissue are referred to as "tissue-specific." A specific "cell type" promoter drives expression primarily in certain cell types in one or more organs, for example, vascular cells in roots or leaves. An "inducible" promoter is a promoter that is under environmental control.

Examples of environmental conditions that can induce transcription by inducible promoters include anaerobic conditions or the presence of light. The tissue-specific, tissue-preferred, cell-specific, and inducible promoters are examples of "non-constitutive" promoters. A "constitutive" promoter is a promoter that is generally active under most environmental conditions. A. Inducible promoters An inducible promoter is operably linked to a gene for expression in rice. Optionally the inducible promoter is operably linked to a nucleotide sequence that encodes a signal sequence that is operably linked to a gene for expression in rice. With an inducible promoter the proportion of transcription increased in response to an induction agent. Any convenient inducible promoter can be used in the present invention. See Ward et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 22: 361-366 (1993). Examples include those of system ACEI, responding to copper, Meft et al., PNAS, 90: 4567-4571 (1993); the ln2 gene of maize, which responds to insurers of benzenesulfonamide herbicide, Hershey et al., Mol. Gen. Genetics 227: 229237 (1991); Gatz et al., Mol. Gen. Genetics, 243: 32-38 (1994); and repressor Tet de TnlO, Gatz. Mol. Gen.

Genetics, 227: 229-237. (1991). A preferred inducible promoter is one that responds to an induction agent to which plants normally do respond, for example, the inducible promoter of a spheroidal hormone gene, the transcriptional activity thereof being induced by the glucocorticosteroid hormone. See Schena et al., Proc. Nati Acad. Sci .. E.U.A. 83: 0421 (1991). B. Constitutive Promoters A constitutive promoter is operably linked to a gene for expression in rice, or the constitutive promoter is operably linked to a nucleoside sequence encoding a signal sequence that is operably linked to a gene for expression in rice. Constitutive promoters can also be used in the present invention. Examples include promoters of plant viruses such as the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus. Odell et al. Nature, 31 3: 510-512 (1955), and the promoters of the rice actin gene, McElroy et al. Plant Cell 2: 163-171 (1990); ubiquitin, Christensen et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 12: 619-632 (1989) Christensen et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 15: 675-109 (1992); pEMU; Last et al., Theor. Appl. Genet., 81: 581-588 (1991): MAS, Velten et al. EMBO J. 3: 2723-2730 (1984): and H3 corn histone, Lepetit et al, Mol. Gen. Genetics, 231: 276-285 (1992) and Atanassova et al., Planta Journal, 2 (3): 291-300 (1992). An ALS promoter (AHAS), such as the Xbal / Ncol 5 'fragment, the ALS3 structural gene from Brassica napus (or a nucleotide sequence similar to said Xbal / Ncol fragment), can be used as a constitutive promoter. See PCT application WO 96/30530. The ALS gene promoter (AHAS) of rice can also be used. See the sequences described in the PCT application WO 01/85970; and U.S. Patent No. 6,943,280. C. Tissue-specific or tissue-preferred promoters A tissue-specific promoter is operably linked to a gene for expression in rice. Optionally, the tissue-specific promoter is operably linked to a nucleotide sequence that encodes a signal sequence that is operably linked to a gene for expression in rice. Transformed plants produce the transgene expression product exclusively, or preferentially, in specific tissue (s). Any preferred tissue or tissue-specific promoter can be used in the present invention. Examples of the tissue-specific or tissue-preferred promoters include those of the fascolin gene. Murai et al., Science. 23: 476-482 (1983), and Sengupta-Gopalan et al., Proc. Nati Acad. Sci. E.U.A. 82: 3320-3324 (1985); a leaf-specific and light-induced promoter such as cab or rubisco, Simpson et al. EMBO J., 4 (11): 2723-2729 (1985) and Timko et al. Nature 31S: 579-582 (1985): anther-specific promoter such as LAT52, Twell et al., Mol. Gen. Genetics, 217: 240-245 (1989); a specific pollen promoter such as Zml3, Guerrero et al. Mol. Gen. Genetics. 244: 161-16x8 (1993), or a preferred microspore promoter as in apg. Twell et al. Sex Plant Reprod. , 6: 217-224 (1993). Signal sequences for signaling proteins in extracellular compartments. The transport of protein or peptide molecules produced by transgenes to an extracellular compartment such as a chloroplast, vacuole, peroxisome, glyoxysome, cell wall or mitochondrion, or for secretion in the apoplast, is performed by operating a nucleoside sequence encoding a sequence signal to the 5 'or 3' end of the gene encoding the protein or peptide of interest. The signaling sequences at the 5 'or 3' ends of the structural gene can determine, during the synthesis and processing of the protein, where the encoded protein is finally compartmentalized. Many signal sequences are known in the art. For example, see Becker et al., Plant Mol. Biol., 20:49 (1992); Cióse, P. S., Master Thesis, Iowa State University (1993); Knox, C. et al., Structure and Organization of Two Divergent Alfa-Amylase Genes of Barley. "Plant Mol. Biol., 9: 3-17 (1987); Lerner et al., Plant Physiol., 91: 124-129 (1989); Fontes et al. Plant Cell, 3: 483-496 (1991); Matsuoka et al., Proc. Nati Acad. Sci. 88: 834 (1991); Gould et al., J .. Cell Biol. 108: 1657 (1989); Creissen et al., Plant J., 2: 129 (1991); Kalderon et al., "A short amino acid sequence capable of specifying nuclear status", Cell, 39: 499-509 (1984); and Steifel et al., "Expression of a hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein gene of maize cell wall in early vascular differentiation of leaf and root", Plant Cell, 2: 785-793 (1990). Foreign protein genes and agronomic genes. Agronomically significant genes that can be transformed into rice plants according to the present invention include, for example, the following: 1. Genes that confer resistance to pests or diseases. A. Resistance genes of plant diseases. The plant's defenses are often activated by the specific interaction between the product of a disease resistance (R) gene in the plant and the product of a corresponding avirulence gene (Avr) in the pathogen. A plant can be transformed with a cloned resistance gene to design plants that are resistant to the specific pathogen strains. For example, see Jones et al. Science 266: 789 (1994) (cloning of tomato Cf-9 gene for resistance to Cladosporium fulvum): Martin et al. Science 262: 1432 (1993) (tomato Pto gene for resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv Tomato encodes a protein kinase); and Mindrinos et al. Cell 78: 1081) (1994) (Arabidopsis RSP2 gene for resistance to Pseudomonas syringae). B. A Bacillus thuringiensis protein, a derivative thereof, or a synthetic polypeptide modeled therefrom. See, for example Geiser et al. Gen 48: 109 (1986), which describes the cloning and nucleotide sequence of a Bt-endotoxin gene. DNA molecules encoding the endotoxin genes of the American Type Culture Collection can be obtained; Manassas, Va., For example, under Nos. ATCC access 40098, 67136, 31995, and 31993. C. A lectin. For example, see Van Damme et al., Plant Molec. Biol. 24:25 (1994), discovering the nucleotide sequences of several mannose-binding lectin genes from Clivia miniata. D. A vitamin binding protein such as avidin. See application PCT US93 / U6487. This discovery teaches the use of avidin and avidin homologues as larvicides against insect pests. E An enzyme inhibitor, for example, a protease or proteinase inhibitor or a maltin inhibitor. See, for example. Abe et al., J .. Biol. Chem. 262: 1679: 3 (1987) (the inhibitor nucleotide sequence of rice proteinase cysteine); Hutib et al., Plant Mol.

Biol. 21: 955 (1993) (nucleotide sequence of ADMc encoding the tobacco proteinase inhibitor 1); and Sumitani et al., Biosci. Biotech Biochem. 57: 1243 (1993) (nucleotide sequence of Streptomyces nitrosporeus amylase inhibitor).

F. An insect-specific hormone or pheromone as an ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone, a variant thereof; a mimetic based thereon, or an antagonist or agonist thereof. See, for example. Hammock et al. Nature. 344: 453 (1990), describing the expression of juvenile hormone esterase cloned baculovirus, an inactivator of juvenile hormone. G. A peptide or insect-specific neuropeptide which, by expression, breaks the physiology of the affected pest. See, for example, Regan. J. Biol Chem. 269: 9 (1994) (cloning expression that produces DNA encoded for insect diuretic hormone receptor); and Pratt et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 163: 1243 (an alostatin of Diploptera puntata). See also United States Patent. No. 5,266,317 to Tomalski et al., Describing genes that encode insect-specific paralyzing neurotoxins. H. A specific insect poison produced in nature by a snake, a wasp, etc. for example, see from Pang et al., Gen 116: 165 (1992), about heterologous expression in plants of a gene encoding a scorpion insectotoxic peptide.

I. An enzyme responsible for the hyperaccumulation of a monoterpene, a sesquiterpene, a spheroid, hydroxamic acid, a phenylpropanoid derivative or another non-protein molecule with insecticidal activity. J. An enzyme involved in the modification, including post-translational modification, of a biologically active molecule; for example, a glycolytic enzyme, a proteolytic enzyme, a litholytic enzyme, nuclease, cyclase, a transaminase, an esterase, a hydrolase, a phosphatase, a kinase, a phosphorylase, a polymerase, an elastase, a chitinase, or a glucanase, natural or synthetic, see PCT application WO 9302197 to Scott et al. which describes the nucleotide sequence of a callasus gene. DNA molecules containing the chitinase coding sequence can be obtained, for example, from the American Type Culture Collection under Access Nos. 39637 and 67152. See also Kra er et al. Insect Biochem. Molec. Biol., 23: 691 (1993) which describes the nucleotide sequence of cDNA encoding tobacco hookworm chitinase; and Kaeallcek et al., Plant Molec. Biol., 21: 673 (1993). which describes the nucleotide sequence of the ubiquitous polyubiquitin gene parsley.

K. A molecule that stimulates the transduction signal. See. For example Botella et al., Plant Molec. Biol. 24: 757 (1994) describing the nucleotide sequences for calmodulin cDNA clones of mung bean, and Griess et al., Plant Physiol., 104: 1467 (1994), which describes the nucleotide sequence of a corn calmodulin cDNA clone. . L. An antimicrobial or amphipathic peptide. See the request PCT WO 9516776 (describing the peptide derivatives Tachyplesin which inhibits fungal plant pathogens); and PCT Application WO 9518855 (describing synthetic antimicrobial peptides that confers resistance to disease). M. A membrane permease, a channel former or a caanal blocker. See, for example, Jaynes et al., Plant Sci., 89:43 (1993) which describes the heterologous expression of the cecropin lytic peptide analogous to producing resistant transgenic tobacco plants Pseudomonas solanacearum. N. A viral invasive protein or a complex toxin derived from it. For example, the accumulation of viral sheath proteins in the transformed plant cells induces resistance to viral infection or disease development caused by the virus whose sheath protein gene is derived as by the related viruses. The resistance convefida by the protein of pod has conferred in the plants transformed against the virus of mosaic of alfalfa, the virus of mosaic of cucumber, the virus of ray of tobacco, the virus X of Pope, virus And of potato, virus of chopped tobacco, tobacco chatter virus, and tobacco mosaic virus. See Beachy et al. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol, 23: 451 (1990). O. An insect-specific antibody or an immunotoxin derived therefrom. Thus, an antibody directed to a critical metabolic function in the intestine of the insect inactivates the affected enzyme, killing the insect. See Taylor et al., Abstract 11497. Seventh Symposium on Plant-Microbe Molecular Interactions (Edinburgh, Scotland 1994) (enzymatic inactivation in transgenic tobacco via the production of single chain antibody fragment). P. Virus specific antibody. See. Tavladoraki et al., Nature, 366: 469 (1993), showing protection of transgenic plants expressing recombinant antibody genes from virus attack. Q. A protein develops arrest produced in nature by a pathogen or a parasite. For example, endo-1, 4-d-polygalacturonase fungina facilitates fungal colonization and plant nutrient release by solubilization of homo-1,4-D-galacturonase from the cell wall of the plant. See Lamb et al., Bio / Technology, 10: 1436 (1992). The cloning and characterization of a gene encoding a protein that inhibits bean endopolygalacturonase is described by Toubart et al., Plant J., 2: 367 (1992). A. A developmental arrest protein produced in nature by a plant. For example, Logemann et al., Bio / Technology, 10: 305 (1992) reports transgenic plants expressing the gene that inactivates ribosome in barley confers increased resistance to fungi disease. 2. Genes that confer additional resistance to a herbicide. In addition to which it is inherent in 'CL131', for example: A. A herbicide that inhibits the growth point or meristem, such as an imidazolinone or a sulfonylurea. Exemplary genes in this category code for mutant ALS and AHAS enzymes as described, for example, by Lee et al., EMBO J., 7: 1241 (1988); and Miki et al., Theor. Api. Genet., 80: 449 (1990), respectively. See, additionally, Patents E.U.A., Nos. 5,545,822; 5,736,629; 5,773,703; 5,773,704; 5,952,553; and 6,274,796; and published International patent applications WO 00/27182 and WO 01/85970. Resistance to AHAS-acting herbicides may be by a mechanism other than an AHAS-resistant enzyme. See, for example. Patent E.U.A. No. 5,545,822. Glyphosate. Resistance can be imparted by mutant 5-enolpyruyl-3-phosphiquimate synthase (EPSP) and aroA genes. Another phosphono compound such as glufosinate. The resistance is imparted by phosphinotricin acetyl transferase, PAT and Streptomyces hygroscopicus phosphinotricin-acetyl transferase, the bar genes. Pyridinoxy or phenoxypropionic acids, cyclohexones. Resistance can be imparted by genes encoding ACCase inhibitor. See for example Pat. E.U.A. No. 4,940,835 to Shah et al. which describes the nucleotide sequence of an EPSN form that confers resistance to glyphosate. A DNA molecule encoding a mutant aroA gene can be obtained under the ATCC Accession No. 39256, and the nucleotide sequence of the mutant gene is described in US Pat. No. 4,769,061 to Comai. European Patent Application No. 0333033 to Kumada et al .; and U.S. Patent No. 4,975,374 to Goodman et al., describe nucleotide sequences of glutamine synthetase genes that confer resistance to herbicides such as phosphinothricin. The nucleotide sequence of a phosphinotricin-acetyl transferase gene is provided in European application No. 0242246 to Leemans et al. DeGreef et al., Bio / Technology, 7:61 (1989), describes the production of transgenic plants of chimeric express chro genes that encode the activity of phosphinotricin acetyl transferase. Examples of genes conferring resistance to phenoxypropionic acids and cyclohexones, such as sethoxydim and haloxifop, are Accl-Sl, Accl-S2, and Accl-S3 genes described by Marshal et al., Theor. Appl. Genet., 83: 435 (1992). A herbicide that inhibits photosynthesis, such as a triazine (genes psbA and gs +) or a benzonitrile (gene nitrilase). Przibilla et al., Plant Cell, 3: 169 (1991), describes the transformation of Chlamydomonas with plasmids encoding the mutant psbA genes. Nucleotide sequences for nitrilase genes are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,810,648 to Stalker, and DNA molecules containing these genes are available under ATCC. with accesses Nos. 53435, 67441, and 67442. The cloning and expression of DNA encoding a glutathione S-transferase is described by Hayes et al. Biochem. J .. 285: 173 (1992). 3. Genes that confer or contribute a value-added characteristic, such as: A. The metabolism of the modified fatty acid, for example, to transform a plant with the opposite sequence to the stearyl-ACP desaturase, and increase the stearic acid content of plant. See from Knultzon et al. Proc. Nati, Acad. Scil E.U.A. 89: 2624 (1992). B. Decreased phytate content. 1) introduction of a phytase coding gene to improve the lack of phytate, adding more free phosphate to the transformed plant. For example, see Van Hartingsveldt et al., Gen, 127: 87 (1993) describing the nucleotide sequence; phytase gene from Aspergillus niger. 2) A gene can be introduced to reduce the phytate content. For example, this can be achieved by cloning, and then reintroducing the DNA associated with an allele that is responsible for corn mutants characterized by low levels of phytic acid, or a homologous or analogous mutation can be used in rice. See Raboy et al., Maydica, 35: 383 (1990).

C. The carbohydrate composition can be modified, for example, by transforming the plants with a gene coding for the whole enzyme that alters the starch bifurcation model. See Shiroza et al. J. Bacteol., 170: 810 (1988) (the nucleotide sequence of the mutant Streptococcus fructosyltransferase gene); Steinmetz et al., Mol. Gen. Genet., 20: 220 (1985) (the nucleotide sequence of the levansucrase gene of Bacillus subtilis); Pen et al., Bio / Technology, 10: 292 (1992) (the production of transgenic plants expressing Bacillus licheniformis maltin); from Elliot et al. Plant Molec. Biol., 21: 515 (1993) (the nucleotide sequences of tomato invertase genes), Sogaard et al. J. Biol. Chem 268: 22480 (1993) (mutagenesis directed to barley maltin gene site); and Fisher et al. Plant Physiol., 102: 1045 (1993) (maize endosperm starch dividing enzyme). Methods for rice transformation Numerous methods for plant transformation are known in the art, including both biological and physical transformation protocols. See for example Miki et al. "Procedures for introducing foreign DNA into Plants "in Methods in Biology and Molecular Biotechnology in Plant, by Glick BR et al., And Thompson, JE. (Eds.) (CRC Press, Inc. Boca Raton, 1993), pp. 67-88. Expression and in vitro culture methods are arranged in plant cell tiers or tissue transformation and plant regeneration are known in the art For example, see Gruber et al., "Vectors for Plant Transformation" in Methods in Biology and Molecular Biotechnology in Plant, Glick BR and Thompson, JE (Eds.) (CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, 1993), pp. 89-119 A. Transformation involving Agrobacterium A method to introduce an expression vector in plants it is based on the natural transformation system of Agrobacterium, see, Horsch et al., Science, 227: 1229 (1985) A. tumefaciens and A. rhizogmes are the ground-pathogenic bacteria of the plant that genetically transform the cells of the plant, the Ti and Ri plasmids of A. tumef Aciens and A. rhizogenes, respectively, carry the responsible genes for genetic transformation of plants. See, for example, Kado, C. L. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 10: 1 (1991). Descriptions of Agrobacterium vector systems and methods for gene transfer involving Agrobacterium are provided by Gruber et al., Supra, Miki et al., Supra and Moloney, et al., Plant Cell Reports, 8: 238 ( 1989). Also see United States Patent No. 5,591,616. B. Direct gene transfer Despite the fact that the host range for the transformation involving Agrobacterium is broad, it is more difficult to transform some species of cereal crop and gymnosperms via this mode of gene transfer, although success has been achieved in rice and corn See Hiei et al., The Plant Journal, 6: 271-282. (1994); and United States patent. No. 5,591,616. Other methods of plant transformation exist as alternatives to the transformation involving Agrobacterium. A generally applicable method of transformation of the plant is that of microprojectile (the so-called "gene weapon") the transformation of DNA is carried out on the surface of microprojectiles. typically 1 to 4 μm in diameter. The expression vector is introduced into the tissues of the plant with a biolistic device that accelerates the microprojectile at typical speeds of 300 to 600 m / s. enough to penetrate the walls and membranes of plant cells. Sanford et al. Part Sci. Technol. 5:27 (1957); Sanford J.

C, Trends Biotech., 6: 299 (1988); Klein et al., Bio / Technology 6: 559-563 (1988); Sanford J.C., Plant Physiol. 7: 206 (1990); Klein et al. Biotechnology 10: 268 (1992). Various target tissues can be bombarded with DNA coated microprojectiles to produce transgenic plants, including, for example, callus (type I, or type II), immature embryos, and meristematic tissue. Another method for the physical delivery of DNA to plants is the sonification of the target cells. Zhang et al., Bio / Technology; 9: 996 (1991). Alternatively, the liposome or spheroplast fusion has been used to introduce the expression vectors into the plants. Deshayes et al., EMBO J. 4: 2731 (1985); and Christou et al., Proc. Nati Acad. Sci. E.U.A., 84: 3962, (1987). The direct uptake of DNA into protoplasts, using precipitation of CaCl2, polyvinyl alcohol or poly-L-ornithine, has also been reported. Hain et al., Mol. Gen. Genet., 199: 161 (1985); and Draper et al., Plant Cell Physiol., 23: 451 (1982). The electroporation of protoplasts and entire cells and tissues has also been described. Donn et al., In Abstracts of the VII International Congress in the Plant Cell and tissue culture IAPTC, A2-38, p. 53 (1990); D'Hafuin et al., Plant Cell, 4: 1495-1505 (1992); and Spencer et al. Plant Mol.

Biol., 24: 51-61 (1994). The subsequent transformation of the target rice tissues, the expression of a selectable gene marker, allows the preferential selection of cells, tissues, or plants, transformed using regeneration and selection methods known in the art. These transformation methods can be used to produce a transgenic breeding line. The transgenics produced in the line can then be crossed with other produced lines (transformed or non-transformed), to produce a new transgenic line produced. Alternatively, a genetic characteristic that has been designed in a particular line of rice can be transferred to another line using traditional backcross and cross-over techniques. For example, backcrossing can be used to move a designed characteristic of a public innate line, without distinction to an elite breeding line, or of an innate line that contains a foreign gene in its genome in an innate line or lines that do not contain that gen. The term "innate rice plant" should also be construed as including also conversions of a single gene of an inbred line, backcrossing methods with the present invention can be used to improve or introduce a characteristic in an inbred line. Many gene characteristics alone have been identified that are not regularly selected for the development of a new innate line, but can be improved by crossing and backcrossing. The characteristics of a single gene may or may not be transgenic. Examples of such features include male sterility, waxy starch, herbicide resistance, resistance to bacterial, fungal or viral disease, insect resistance, male fertility, improved nutritional quality, yield stability, performance improvement. These genes are usually inherited through the nucleus. The known exceptions of nuclear genes include some genes for male sterility that are cytoplasmically inherited, but that still act functionally as the characteristics of the gene alone. Various gene characteristics are described only in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,777,196; 5,948,957; and 5,969,212. DEPOSIT INFORMATION A sample of the rice cultivar called 'CL131' was deposited with the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), 10801 Bulevar University, Manassas, Virginia 201 10-2209 on June 30, 2005, and was assigned No ATCC access PTA-6824. The deposit was subsequently made with a contract between ATCC and the assignee of this patent application, Board of Supervisors of Louisiana State University and the Agricultural and Mechanical University. The contract with ATCC maintains permanent and unrestricted availability of these seeds or the offspring of these seeds to the public in the issuance of the American patent describing and identifying the deposit or publication or remains open to the public any American or foreign patent application, whoever be submitted first, and for the availability of these seeds to a person determined by the Patent and Trademark Commissioner of North America (or by any colleague of the Commissioner in any patent office in any other country) to be titled the same under the bylaws and the relevant regulations. The assignee of the present application has agreed that if any of the seeds on deposit becomes non-viable or is lost or destroyed when cultivated under suitable conditions, they will be quickly replaced by notification with a viable sample of the same seeds.

MISCELLANY. The full descriptions of all the references cited in this application are incorporated herein by reference. In the case of an irreconcilable conflict, however, the present description will be in control.

Claims (42)

1. CLAIMS 1. The rice seed of the variety "C1131", characterized in that a representative sample of seed has been deposited under (ATCC), access No. PTA-6824.
2. 2. A plant, or a part thereof, characterized in that it is produced by growing the seed according to claim 1.
3. 3. A method for producing rice plants, characterized in that said planting comprises a plurality of rice seeds according to claim 1 under favorable conditions for the growth of rice plants.
4. 4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises the step of harvesting the rice seed produced by the resulting rice plants.
5. 5. The rice seed, characterized in that it is harvested by the method according to claim 4.
6. 6. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that it additionally comprises the step of applying the herbicide in the vicinity of the rice plants to control the weeds, where the herbicide normally inhibits the acetohydroxy synthase acid, at levels of the herbicide which would normally inhibit the growth of the rice plant.
7. 7. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the herbicide comprises sulfonylurea effective as a herbicide.
8. 8. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the herbicide comprises an imidazolinone effective as a herbicide.
9. 9. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that the herbicide comprises imazethapyr or imazamox.
10. 10. The pollen characterized in that it is of the plant according to claim 2.
11. 11. An ovule characterized in that it is of the plant according to claim 2.
12. 12. The rice plant, or a part thereof; characterized by having all or essentially all the physiological and morphological characteristics of the rice plant according to claim 2.
13. 13. A tissue culture of regenerable cells or proloplasts characterized in that it is produced from the rice plant in accordance with the claim 2.
14. The tissue culture according to claim 13, characterized in that said cells or protoplasts are produced from a tissue selected from the group consisting of embryos, meristematic cells, pollen, leaves, anthers, roots, root tips. , flowers, seeds, and stems.
15. 15. A rice plant regenerated from tissue culture according to claim 14, characterized in that said rice plant has all or essentially all the morphological and physiological characteristics of "CL131".
16. 16. A method for producing rice seed, characterized in that said method comprises the crossing of a first plant of parent rice with the second parent rice plant, and harvesting the resulting hybrid rice seed, wherein the first parent or second rice plant The parent rice plant is the rice plant according to claim 2.
17. 17. The rice seed characterized in that it is harvested by the method according to claim 16.
18. 18. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that it comprises the step of further planting a plurality of hybrid rice seeds under favorable conditions for the growth of the rice plants.
19. 19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that it further comprises the step of harvesting the rice seed produced by the resulting rice plants.
20. 20. The rice seed characterized in that it is harvested by the method according to claim 19.
21. 21. A method according to claim 18, characterized in that it additionally comprises the step of applying the herbicide in the vicinity of rice plants to control weeds, wherein the herbicide normally inhibits acetohydroxy synthase acid at herbicide levels which normally inhibit growth of a rice plant.
22. 22. A method according to claim 21, characterized in that the herbicide comprises a sulfonylurea effective as a herbicide.
23. 23. A method according to claim 21, characterized in that the herbicide comprises an imidazolinone effective as a herbicide.
24. 24. A method according to claim 21, characterized in that the herbicide comprises imazethapyr or imazamox.
25. 25. A method for producing the rice plant with improved herbicide resistance, characterized in that the method comprises transforming the rice plant according to claim 2 with a transgene that confers resistance to the herbicide, in addition to the herbicide resistance in which it is inherent to "CL131" rice.
26. 26. A rice or rice seed herbicide-resistant plant characterized in that it is produced by the method according to claim 25.
27. 27. A method for producing an insect-resistant rice plant, characterized in that said method comprises transforming the plant of rice according to claim 2 with a transgene that confers insect resistance.
28. 28. An insect resistant rice or rice seedling plant produced by the method according to claim 27.
29. 29. A method of producing a disease resistant rice plant, characterized in that said method comprises transforming the rice plant from according to claim 2 with a transgene conferring resistance to the disease.
30. 30. A rice plant resistant to disease or rice seed characterized in that it is produced by the method according to claim 29.
31. 31. A method for producing the rice plant with the fatty acid or metabolism of the modified carbohydrate, characterized because said method comprises transforming the rice plant according to claim 2 with at least one transgene encoding a protein selected from the group consisting of fructosyltransferase, levansucrase, alpha-maltin, invertase, and starch cleaving enzyme; or to encode a sequence opposite to stearyl-ACP desaturase.
32. 32. The rice plant or rice seed characterized in that it is produced by the method according to claim 31.
33. 33. A method for introducing a desired characteristic in the rice cultivar "CL131", characterized in that said method comprises the steps of: (a) crossing the plants according to claim 2 with the plants of the line of another rice that expresses the desired characteristic, producing the offspring plants; (b) select the descent plants that express the desired characteristic, to produce the plants of selected descent; (c) crossing the selected descent plants with the plants according to claim 2 to produce the new offspring plants; (d) to select new plants of descent that express both the desired characteristics and some or all of the physiological and morphological characteristics of the rice cultivar 'CL13L', to produce the new selected descent plant; and (e) repeating steps (c) and (d) three or more times successively, to produce plants of selected higher generation backcross descent expressing the desired characteristic and essentially all the physiological and morphological characteristics of the rice cultivar "CL131", determined at 5% level of importance, when they are grown in the same environmental conditions.
34. 34. The rice seed characterized in that it is harvested from selected higher generation backcross descent plants produced by the method according to claim 33.
35. 35. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that it comprises the step of planting additionally , under favorable conditions for the growth of the rice plants, a plurality of rice seeds harvested from the selected higher generation backcross offspring plants.
36. 36. A method according to claim 35, characterized in that it additionally comprises the step of harvesting the rice seed produced by the resulting rice plants.
37. 37. The rice seed characterized in that it is harvested by the method according to claim 36.
38. 38. A method according to claim 35, characterized in that it additionally comprises the step of applying herbicide in the vicinity of rice plants to control weeds, where the herbicide normally inhibits acetohydroxy synthase acid, at herbicide levels that would normally inhibit the growth of a rice plant.
39. 39. A method according to claim 38, characterized in that the herbicide comprises sulfonylurea effective as a herbicide.
40. 40. A method according to claim 38, characterized in that the herbicide comprises an imidazolylione effective as a herbicide.
41. 41. A method according to claim 35, characterized in that the herbicide comprises iniazetapyr or imazamox.
42. 42. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that the desired characteristic is selected from the group consisting of male sterility; herbicide resistance; insect resistance; and resistance to bacterial, fungal or viral disease.