MX2008002905A - Treating renal disease, burns, wounds and spinal cord injury with selective androgen receptor modulators - Google Patents
Treating renal disease, burns, wounds and spinal cord injury with selective androgen receptor modulatorsInfo
- Publication number
- MX2008002905A MX2008002905A MXMX/A/2008/002905A MX2008002905A MX2008002905A MX 2008002905 A MX2008002905 A MX 2008002905A MX 2008002905 A MX2008002905 A MX 2008002905A MX 2008002905 A MX2008002905 A MX 2008002905A
- Authority
- MX
- Mexico
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- formula
- nhcor
- sarm
- another embodiment
- Prior art date
Links
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Abstract
This invention provides:1) a method of treating a subject suffering from, or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder;2) a method of treating a subject suffering from a wound, or reducing the incidence of, or mitigating the severity of a wound in a subject;3) a method of treating a subject suffering from a burn, or reducing the incidence of, or mitigating the severity of a burn in a subject, comprising the step of administering to said subject a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) compound;4) a method of treating a subject suffering from a spinal cord injury, by administering to the subject a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) and/or an analog, derivative, isomer, metabolite, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, pharmaceutical product, hydrate, N-oxide, prodrug, polymorph, impurity or crystal of said SARM compound, or any combination thereof.
Description
TREATMENT OF KIDNEY DISEASES, BURNS, WOUNDS AND SPINAL CORD DAMAGE WITH SELECTIVE MODULATORS OF ANDROGEN RECEPTORS
Field of the Invention The invention relates to the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases, burns, wounds, damage to the spinal cord and conditions involving involuntary weight loss and / or hypogonadism. More particularly, the invention relates to a method for treating, preventing, suppressing, inhibiting, or reducing the incidence of renal diseases, burns, wounds and / or terminal spinal cord damage in an individual, by administering to the individual a compound modulator of selective androgen receptors (SARM) and / or their analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals or any combination thereof. Background of the Invention A wide variety of diseases and / or conditions are affected by hypogonadism, and catabolic effects, including kidney diseases, central nervous system damage, burns and chronic wounds. In the United States (US), there is an increasing incidence and prevalence of renal failure. The number of patients participating in scheduled Medicare-sponsored
Terminal kidney diseases (ESRD) has increased from approximately 10,000 beneficiaries in 1973 to 86,354 in 1983 and to 431,284 on December 31, 2002. In 2002, only 100359 patients entered the US ESRD program. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an ESRD precursor and occurs when the kidneys are not able to adequately remove waste from the body. CKS is a slow-moving disease in which diabetes, hypertension and anemia can be co-morbid conditions. CKD is diagnosed using a staggered system that demonstrates the amount of renal function available (stage 1_: normal kidney function) and patients do not present symptoms at this stage. Stage 5 of CKD is ESRD which is a complete or almost complete failure of the kidneys and usually occurs when the function of the kidneys is less than 10% of the baseline. The concomitant symptoms associated with ESRD include hypogonadism, involuntary weight loss, fatigue and others. Burns result in reduced testosterone, reduced nitrogen level, and reduced bone mineral density (BMD), which can persist up to a year after damage and is associated with poor wound healing. increased risks of infection, erosion of lean body mass, poor rehabilitation and delayed reintegration of burn survivors in society. . The effects
catabolites initiated as a result of the burn lead to significant involuntary weight loss, aggravating the problem. Damage to the spinal cord can be the result of an alteration in the secretion or production of central neurotransmitters that can cause a dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis that leads to a reduction of testosterone and other hormone levels. SCI or other acute diseases or traumas characteristically include elevated catabolism in conjunction with reduced anabolic activity resulting in a condition that tends to the loss of lean body tissue. As long as the catabolic process is not interrupted, the disturbed utilization of the nutrients will continue. The effects of lean body mass loss include the development of wounds and worsened healing mechanisms. Due to low nutrition and low protein combined with immobilization, patients with spinal cord damage have a large risk of decubitus damage.
Chronic wounds can be caused by a number of conditions, including diabetes, circulatory problems, immobilization and others. The problem worsens for example with diabetes, in the presence of neuropathy, with the increased risk of ulceration of the feet. Although there are many treatments and therapies for these conditions, none is ideal. Since the pathway of androgen receptor (AR) signaling has been shown to increase lean muscle mass, muscle strength and synthesis of
muscle proteins, and since hypogonadism accompanies those conditions, molecules directed to the AR signaling pathway may be useful in the treatment of those diseases and / or conditions. Brief Description of the Invention The invention provides: 1) a method for treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) a method for treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) a method to treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) a method for treating an individual suffering from damage to the spinal cord, comprising the step of administering to that individual a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) and / or the analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically salts acceptable, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals of that SARM compound, or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective for 1) treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or
mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula I and / or its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
in which: G is O or S; X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, P, NO or NR; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R , OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C:
R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF35CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; and R1 is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3 > CH2CH3, or CF2CF3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is effective to 1) treat an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treat an individual who suffers from spinal cord damage; is a compound of formula II and / or its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
er II X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2,
NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHSO2CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C:
R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F,
CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH. In one embodiment the compound MRSA is a compound of formula II in which X is O. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which Y is CF3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which Z is N02. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which Z is CN. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which Q is halogen, i.e. F, Cl, Br or I. In another embodiment, the compound SARM is a compound of the formula II in which Q is NHCOCH3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which X is O, Z is O N02, Y is CF3 and Q is halogen. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is halogen. In another embodiment, the compound SARM is a compound of the formula
II in which X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is CN. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is effective to 1) treat an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula III and / or its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
?? wherein X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O or S; Ri is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2I CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; A is a ring selected from:
B is a ring selected from:
wherein A and B can not simultaneously be a benzene ring; Z is NC-2, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; OR.! and Q2 independently from each other are a hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3 , NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHS02CH3; NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR,
Q3 and Q4 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3,
NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R or SR; W, is O, NH, NR, NO or S; and W2 is N or NO. In another embodiment, the MRSA compound that is effective to treat an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula IV and / or its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
IV
wherein X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O or S; T is OH, OR, -NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F,
CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; R-, is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3; R2 is F, Cl, Br, I, CH3, CF3, OH, CN, N02, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, alkyl, arylalkyl, OR, NH2, NHR, NR2, SR; R3 is 1 F, Cl, Br, I, CN, N02, COR, COOH, CONHR, CF3, Sn (R) 3, or (R) 3 together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system depicted For the structure:
Z is N02, CN, COR, COOH, or CONHR; And it is CF3, F, Br, Cl, I, CN, or Sn (R) 3; Q is H, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3 , NHS02R, OH, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C:
n is an integer of 1-4; and m is an integer of 1-3. In another modality, the MRSA compound that is effective for 1) treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a
kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula VI and / or its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
VI In another embodiment, the MRSA compound that is effective for 1) treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula VII and / or its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, products
pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
¥ 11 In another modality the compound MRSA that is effective to 1) treat an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula VIII and / or its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
VIII
In another modality, the MRSA compound that is effective for 1) treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a
kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula IX and / or its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
In another embodiment, the SARM compound is effective to 1) treat an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula X and / or its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs ,
impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
X In another embodiment the MRSA compound that is effective for 1) treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula XI and / or its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
In another embodiment, the SARM compound is effective to 1) treat an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treat an individual who suffers from a wound or reduce the incidence of or mitigate the severity of, or improve
or accelerate the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula XII and / or its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
XII In another embodiment, the MRSA compound that is effective for 1) treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula XIII and / or its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
XIII? wherein Q is as defined above for formula I. Another embodiment is the compound MRSA that is effective to treat an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from damage to the spinal cord, is a compound of the formula XIV and / or its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
xrv in which Q is as defined above for formula I. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective for 1) treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treat an individual who suffers from a wound or reduce the incidence of or mitigate the severity of, or improve
or accelerate the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula XVI and / or its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs , impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
XVI In another embodiment, the MRSA compound that is effective for 1) treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) treating an individual suffering from a wound or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, is a compound of formula XVI, XVIII, XIX, XXI and / or its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N -oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals, or any combination thereof:
?? p
XIX
In one embodiment, the administration consists of administering a pharmaceutical composition containing MRSA, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Detailed Description of the Invention This invention provides: 1) a method for treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder; 2) a method to treat an individual who suffers from a wound or reduce the incidence of or mitigate the severity of, or
improve or accelerate the healing of a wound in an individual; 3) a method to treat an individual suffering from a burn, or reduce the incidence or mitigate the severity of a burn in an individual; 4) a method for treating an individual suffering from spinal cord damage, comprising the step of administering to that individual a selective androgen recepmodula(SAM) and / or the analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically salts acceptable, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals of that SARM compound, or any combination thereof. Selective Modula of Androgen Recep (SARMS) Selective androgen recepmodula (SARMs) are a class of agents that target the androgen recep(ARTA), which demonstrate, in one modality, androgenic activity, or in another modality anabolic activity, or in another modality a combination of both. In one modality, different MRSAs, although they have both androgenic and anabolic activity, may differ in terms of relative activity between the two such that, for example, some MRSA are more anabolic and less androgenic, or in another modality, they are more androgenic and less anabolic. or in another modality, they are highly anabolic and androgenic, or in another modality any level of intermediate activity. The selection of MRSA may reflect a need at any level of that activity, and such selection represents a modality of this invention.
In another modality, the MRSA activity can also the genetic background of the individual to whom the MRSA is administered. MRSAs bind androgen recep in a subject and the genetic influences after binding, in terms of, in one modality, the recipient, or in another modality, the level of endogenous hormone production can impact the MRSA activity in the subject. Those considerations and in one embodiment adapting the selection of MRSA for a particular subject, which represents in one embodiment, personalized medicine in terms of the specific selection of therapy used represents another embodiment of this invention. MRSAs are non-steroidal ligands for the androgen recep In one embodiment agents are useful for the treatment of a variety of conditions related to hormones such as sexual dysfunction, lower sexual libido, erectile dysfunction, hypogonadism, sarcopenia, osteopenia, osteoporosis, alterations in learning and character, depression, anemia, hair loss, obesity, benign prosthetic hyperplasia and / or prostate cancer. In addition, the SARMs are useful for oral testosterone replacement therapy, and for imaging prostate cancer. MRSAs are useful for the treatment of a variety of diseases, disorders and / or conditions, which are affected by the androgen linked to its recepand therefore are useful in the treatment to treat those men and / or women. For example, MRSAs are useful in women for the treatment of a variety of
conditions related to hormones including sexual dysfunction, lower sexual libido, erectile dysfunction, hypogonadism, sarcopenia, osteopenia, osteoporosis, alterations in learning and character, depression, anemia, hair loss, obesity, endometriosis, breast cancer, cancer uterine and ovarian cancer. In one embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective for the methods of this invention will be characterized by the structure of formula I:
1
in which: G is O or S; X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R , OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C:
R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF35CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; and RT is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3. In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a derivative of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an isomer of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a hydrate of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a crystal of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an impurity of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a pro-drug of the compound of the formula I. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a combination of any of the analogous , derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula I.
In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula I in which X is O. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula I in which G is O. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula I in which Z is N02. In another embodiment the compound MRSA is a compound of the formula I in which Z is CN. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula I in which Y is CF3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula I in which Q is NHCOCH3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula I in which Q is F. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula I in which T is OH. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula I in which R1 is CH3. In another embodiment the SARM compound useful in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula II
II
wherein: X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3;
Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHS02CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C:
R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, / CHF2, CF3l CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH. In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of formula II. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula II. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an isomer of the compound of the formula II. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula II. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula II. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula II. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula II. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula II. In another embodiment, the SARM is a crystal of the compound of the formula II. In another embodiment, MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula II. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula II.
In another embodiment, the MRSA is a pro-drug of the compound of formula II. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates., N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula II. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which X is O. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula II in which Z is N02. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which Z is CN. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of formula II in which Y is CF3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which Q is NHCOCH3. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula II in which Q is F. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula II in which Q is halogen, that is F, Cl, Br or I. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which X is O, Z is N02, Y is CF3 and Q is halogen. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which X is O, Z is N02, Y is CF3 and Q is NHCOCH3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is halogen. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula II in which X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is NHCOCH3.
In another embodiment, the SARM compound useful in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula III:
??
wherein X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O or S; Ri is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; A is a ring selected from:
B is a ring selected from:
wherein A and B can not simultaneously be a benzene ring; Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Qi and Q2 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHS02CH3; NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR,
Q3 and Q4 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R or SR; Wi is O, NH, NR, NO or S; and W2 is N or NO. In one embodiment, MRSA is an analogue of the compound of formula III. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula III. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an isomer of the compound of the formula III. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula III. In another modality
MRSA is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula III. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula III. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula III. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula III. In another embodiment, MRSA is a crystal of the compound of formula III. In another embodiment, MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula III. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula III. In another embodiment, MRSA is a pro-drug of the compound of formula III. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula III. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula III in which X is O. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula III in which G is O. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula III in which T is OH. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula III in which R is CH3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula III in which Z is N02. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula III in which Z is CN. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula MI in which Y is CF3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula III in
which O.! is NHCOCH3. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula III in which O.! is F. The substituents Z and Y can be found in any position carrying these substituents (hereinafter "ring A"). In one embodiment the substituent Z is in the para position of the ring A. In another embodiment, the substituent Y is in the meta position of the ring A. In another embodiment the substituent Z is in the para position of the A ring and the the Y substituent. it is in the meta position of ring A. Substituents O.! and Q2 may be in a position on the ring carrying these substituents (hereinafter "ring B"). In another embodiment, the O substituent! is in the para position of the B ring. In another embodiment the substituent Q2 is H. In another embodiment the substituent Q1 is in the para position of the ring and the substituent Q2 is H. In another embodiment the substituent C is NHCOCH3 and is in the position for ring B and substituent Q2 is H. In another embodiment the SARM compound useful in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula IV:
IV in which X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR;
G is O or S; T is OH, OR, -NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3; R2 is F, Cl, Br, I, CH3, CF3, OH, CN, N02, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, alkyl, arylalkyl, OR, NH2, NHR, NR2, SR; R3 is F, Cl, Br, I, CN, N02, COR, COOH, CONHR, CF3, Sn (R) 3, or (R) 3 together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system depicted For the structure:
Z is N02, CN, COR, COÓH, or CONHR; And it is CF3, F, Br, Cl, I, CN, or Sn (R) 3; Q is H, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3 , NHS02R, OH, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C:
n is an integer of 1-4; Y
m is an integer of 1-3. In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of formula IV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula IV. In another embodiment, the SARM is an isomer of the compound of the formula IV. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula IV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula IV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of formula IV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula IV. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula IV. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a crystal of the compound of formula IV. In another embodiment, MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula IV. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula IV. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a prodrug of the compound of formula IV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula IV. In another embodiment, the compound SARM is a compound of the formula IV in which X is O. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula IV in which G is O. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula IV in which Z is N02. In another modality, the MRSA compound is a
composed of the formula IV in which Z is CN. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula IV in which Y is CF3. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of formula IV in which Q is NHCOCH3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula IV in which Q is F. In another embodiment the compound MRSA is a compound of the formula IV in which T is OH. In another embodiment, the SARM compound is a compound of the formula IV in which R-? It's CH3. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula IV in which Q is F and R2 is CH3. In another embodiment the compound SARM is a compound of the formula IV in which Q is F and R2 is Cl.
The substituents Z, Y and R3 can be in any position carrying these substituents (hereinafter "ring A"). In one embodiment the substituent Z is in the para position of the ring A. In another embodiment, the substituent Y is in the meta position of the ring A. In another embodiment the substituent Z is in the para position of the A ring and the the Y substituent. is in the meta position of ring A. Substituents Q and R2 may be in a position on the ring carrying these substituents (hereinafter "ring B"). In one embodiment, the substituent Q is in the para position of the B ring. In another embodiment, the substituent Q is in the para position of the B ring. In another embodiment, the substituent. In another embodiment, the substituent Q is NHCOCH3 and is in the para position of the B ring. As contemplated herein, when the integers m and n are
greater than one, the substituents R2 and R3 are not limited to a particular substituent, and may be any combination of the substituents listed above. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula V:
In one embodiment, the MRSA is an analogue of the compound of formula V. In another embodiment, MRSA is a derivative of the compound of formula V. In another embodiment, MRSA is an isomer of the compound of formula V. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula V. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula V. In another embodiment, MRSA is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of formula V. In another embodiment, MRSA is a hydrate of the compound of the formula V. In another embodiment the MRSA is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula V. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a crystal of the compound of the formula V. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of the formula V. In another embodiment the MRSA is an impurity of the compound of the
formula V. In another embodiment, MRSA is a pro-drug of the compound of formula V. In another embodiment, MRSA is a combination of any of its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of formula V. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula VI:
SAW
In one embodiment, MRSA is an analogue of the compound of formula VI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula VI. In another embodiment, the SARM is an isomer of the compound of the formula VI. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula VI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula VI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula VI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula VI. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula VI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a crystal of the compound of the formula VI. In another modality the MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of the
Formula VI In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula VI. In another embodiment, MRSA is a prodrug of the compound of formula VI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula VI. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of the
In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of formula VII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula VII. In another embodiment, the SARM is an isomer of the compound of the formula VII. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula VII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula VII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula VII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula VII. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula VII. In another modality the MRSA is a crystal of the compound of the formula
VII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula VII. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula VII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a prodrug of the compound of formula VII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula VII. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula VIII:
vm
In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of the formula VIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula VIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is an isomer of the compound of the formula VIII. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula VIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula VIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula VIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula VIII.
In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula VIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a crystal of the compound of the formula VIII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of the formula VIII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula VIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pro-drug of the compound of the formula VIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula VIII. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula IX:
In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of the formula IX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula IX. In another embodiment, the SARM is an isomer of the compound of the formula IX. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula IX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula IX. In another modality, MRSA is a product
Pharmaceutical of the compound of the formula IX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula IX. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula IX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a crystal of the compound of the formula IX. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula IX. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an impurity of the compound of the formula IX. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a prodrug of the compound of formula IX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula IX. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula X:
X In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of the formula X. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula X. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an isomer of the compound of the formula X. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of the formula X. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the
formula X. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula X. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula X. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula X In another embodiment, the MRSA is a crystal of the compound of the formula X. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of the formula X. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an impurity of the compound of the formula X. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a prodrug of the compound of formula X. In another embodiment, MRSA is a combination of any of its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities. , polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of formula X. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula XI:
XI In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of the formula XI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula XI. In another embodiment, the SARM is an isomer of the compound of the formula XI. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula XI. In another modality
MRSA is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula XI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula XI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula XI. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula XI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a crystal of the compound of the formula XI. In another embodiment, MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula XI. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula XI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pro-drug of the compound of the formula XI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula XI. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula XII:
XII In one embodiment, MRSA is an analogue of the compound of formula XII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula XII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an isomer of the compound of the formula XII. In another modality the MRSA
is a metabolite of the compound of formula XII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula XII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula XII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula XII. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula XII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a crystal of the compound of formula XII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula XII. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula XII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a prodrug of the compound of formula XII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula XII. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula XIII:
XIII in which Q is as defined above for formula I. In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of the
Formula XIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula XIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is an isomer of the compound of the formula XIII. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula XIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula XIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula XIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula XIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula XIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a crystal of the compound of the formula XIII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula XIII. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula XIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pro-drug of the compound of the formula XIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula XIII. In one embodiment, MRSA is a compound of formula XIII in which Q is F. In another embodiment, MRSA is a compound of formula XIII in which Q is Cl. In another embodiment, MRSA is a compound of formula XIII. wherein Q is Br. In another embodiment, the SARM is a compound of the formula XIII in which Q is 1. In another embodiment, the SARM is a compound of the formula XIII in which Q
is NHCOCH3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula XIV:
wherein Q is as defined above for formula I. In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of formula XIV. In another embodiment, MRSA is a derivative of the compound of formula XIV. In another embodiment- the SARM is an isomer of the compound of the formula XIV. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula XIV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula XIV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula XIV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula XIV. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula XIV. In another embodiment, MRSA is a crystal of the compound of formula XIV. In another embodiment, MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula XIV. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula XIV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pro-drug of the compound of the formula XIV. In another modality the MRSA is a combination of any of its
analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula XIV. In one embodiment, the MRSA is a compound of the formula XIV in which Q is F. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a compound of the formula XIV in which Q is Cl. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a compound of the formula XIV wherein Q is Br. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a compound of the formula XIV in which Q is 1. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a compound of the formula XIV in which Q is NHCOCH 3. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula XV:
In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of the formula XV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula XV. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an isomer of the compound of the formula XV. In another modality the MRSA
is a metabolite of the compound of the formula XV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula XV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula XV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula XV. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula XV. In another embodiment, MRSA is a crystal of the compound of formula XV. In another embodiment, MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula XV. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula XV. In another embodiment, MRSA is a prodrug of the compound of formula XV. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula
XV In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula XVI:
XVI
In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of formula XVI. In another modality, MRSA is a derivative of the
composed of formula XVI. In another embodiment, the SARM is an isomer of the compound of the formula XVI. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula XVI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula XVI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of formula XVI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula XVI. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of formula XVI. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a crystal of the compound of formula XVI. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula XVI. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula XVI. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pro-drug of the compound of formula XVI. In another modality the MRSA is a combination of any of its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of formula XVI. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula XVII:
In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of the formula XVII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula XVII. In another embodiment, the SARM is an isomer of the compound of the formula XVII. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula XVII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula XVII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula XVII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula XVII. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula XVII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a crystal of the compound of formula XVII. In another embodiment, MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula XVII. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula XVII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a prodrug of the compound of the formula XVII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula XVII. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula XVIII:
XVIII In one embodiment, MRSA is an analogue of the compound of formula XVIII. In another embodiment, MRSA is a derivative of the compound of formula XVIII. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an isomer of the compound of formula XVIII. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula XVIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula XVIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of formula XVIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula XVIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula XVIII. In another embodiment, MRSA is a crystal of the compound of formula XVIII. In another embodiment, MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula XVIII. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula XVIII. In another embodiment, MRSA is a pro-drug of the compound of formula XVIII. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula XVIII. In another modality, the MRSA compound that is effective in
methods of this invention, is characterized by the structure of formula XIX:
In one embodiment, the SARM is an analogue of the compound of formula XIX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula XIX. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an isomer of the compound of the formula XIX. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula XIX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula XIX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of formula XIX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula XIX. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula XIX. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a crystal of the compound of formula XIX. In another embodiment, MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula XIX. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula XIX. In another embodiment, the MRSA is a pro-drug of the compound of formula XIX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a combination of any of its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals,
impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of formula XIX. In another embodiment, the SARM compound that is effective in the methods of this invention is characterized by the structure of formula XX:
In one embodiment, MRSA is an analogue of the compound of formula XX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a derivative of the compound of the formula XX. In another embodiment, the MRSA is an isomer of the compound of the formula XX. In another embodiment, MRSA is a metabolite of the compound of formula XX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the formula XX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a pharmaceutical product of the compound of the formula XX. In another embodiment, the SARM is a hydrate of the compound of the formula XX. In another embodiment, the SARM is an n-oxide of the compound of the formula XX. In another embodiment, MRSA is a crystal of the compound of formula XX. In another embodiment, MRSA is a polymorph of the compound of formula XX. In another embodiment, MRSA is an impurity of the compound of formula XX. In another embodiment, MRSA is a pro-drug of the compound of formula XX. In another modality the
MRSA is a combination of any of its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, crystals, impurities, polymorphs or prodrugs of a compound of the formula XX. The substituent R in the SARM compounds of the present invention is defined herein as an alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH. An "alkyl" group refers to saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, including straight or branched chain and cyclic alkyl groups. In one embodiment the alkyl group has 1-12 carbon atoms. In another embodiment, the alkyl group has 1-7 carbon atoms. In another embodiment, the alkyl group has 1-6 carbon atoms. In another embodiment, the alkyl group has 1-4 carbon atoms. The alkyl group may be unsubstituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen, hydroxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amido, alkylamido, dialkylamido, nitro, amino, alkylamido, dialkylamido, carboxyl, thio and thioalkyl. An "alkenyl" group refers to an unsaturated hydrocarbon, which includes straight chain, branched chain groups and cyclic groups having one or more double bonds, the alkenyl group may have one double bond, two double bonds, three double bonds, etc. Examples of alkenyl groups are ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, cyclohexenyl etc. The alkenyl group can be
unsubstituted or substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen, hydroxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amido, alkylamido, dialkylamido, nitro, amino, alkylamido, dialkylamido, carboxyl, thio and thioalkyl. A "haloalkyl" group refers to an alkyl group as defined above, which is substituted by one or more halogen atoms, for example by F, Cl, Br or I. An "arlo" group refers to a group aromatic having at least one aromatic carboxylic group or a heterocyclic aromatic group, which may be unsubstituted or substituted by means of one or more groups selected from halogen, haloalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amido, alkylamido, dialkylamido, nitro, amino, alkylamido , dialkylamido, carboxy or thio or thioalkyl. Non-limiting examples of aryl rings are phenyl, naphthyl, pyranyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridinyl, furanyl, thiophenyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl and the like. A "hydroxyl" group refers to an OH group. One skilled in the art will understand that when T in the compounds of the present invention is OR, R is not OH. A halo group refers to F, Cl, Br or I. An "aralkyl" group refers to an alkyl linked to an aryl, wherein the alkyl and aryl are as defined above. An example of the arylalkyl group is a benzyl group. As contemplated herein, the present invention relates to the use of a SARM compound and / or an analog, derivative, isomer,
metabolite, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, pharmaceutical product, hydrate, N-oxide, prodrug, polymorph, impurity or crystal, or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an analogue of the SARM compound. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a derivative of the compound SARM. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an isomer of the SARM compound. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a metabolite of the SARM compound. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the SARM compound. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a pharmaceutical product of the SARM compound. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a hydrate of the SARM compound. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of n-oxide of the compound SARM. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a pro-drug of the compound MRSA. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a polymorph of the SARM compound. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a crystal of the SARM compound. In another embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an impurity of the SARM compound. In another embodiment the invention relates to the use of a combination of any of its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals of a SARM compound of the present invention. In one embodiment the term "isomer" includes but is not limited to
to optical and analogous isomers, structural isomers and analogs, conformational isomers and the like, and the like. In one embodiment, this invention includes the use of various optical isomers of the SARM compound. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the SARMs of the present invention contain at least one chiral center. Accordingly, the MRSA used in the methods of the present invention can exist and can be isolated in an optically active or racemic form. Some compounds also exhibit polymorphisms. It is understood that the present invention includes any racemic, optically active, polymorphic or stereoisomeric form or mixtures thereof, which form has properties useful in the treatment of conditions described above. In one embodiment, the SARMs are pure (R) isomers. In another modality, the SARMs are pure isomers (S). In another modality the SARMs are a mixture of isomers (R) and (S). In another embodiment, the SARMs are a racemic mixture comprising an equal amount of the (R) and (S) isomers. It is known in the art to prepare optically active forms (for example by resolution of the racemic form by means of crystallization techniques, by synthesis of optically active starting materials, by means of chiral synthesis, or by means of chromatographic separation using a stationary chiral phase). The invention includes "pharmaceutically acceptable salts" of amino substituted compounds with organic and inorganic acids, for example citric acid and hydrochloric acid. The
invention also includes n-oxides of the amino substituents of the compounds described herein. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts can also be prepared from the phenolic compounds by treatment with inorganic bases for example sodium hydroxide. Esters of phenolic compounds can also be used with aromatic and aromatic carboxylic acids, for example acetic acid and benzoic acid esters. This invention also includes derivatives of SARM compounds. In one embodiment, "derivatives" include but are not limited to ether derivatives, acid derivatives, amide derivatives, derivative derivatives and the like. In addition, this invention also includes the hydrates of the SARM compounds. In one embodiment, "hydrate" includes but is not limited to hemihydrate, monohydrate, dihydrate, trihydrate, and the like. This invention also includes metabolites of the compounds
MRSA In a modlaity, "metabolite" means any substance produced from any other substance through metabolism or a metabolic process. This invention also includes pharmaceutical products of the SARM compounds. The term "pharmaceutical product" means a composition suitable for pharmaceutical use (pharmaceutical composition), as defined herein. Compositions for use in the methods of this invention In one embodiment the MRSA and any other compound for administration according to the methods of this invention,
they can be found in a composition. Some examples of substances that can serve as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or their components are sugars, such as lactose, glucose and sucrose; starches, such as corn starch and potato starch; cellulose and its derivatives, such as carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose; powdered tragacanth; malt; jelly; talcum powder; solid lubricants, such as stearic acid and magnesium stearate; calcium sulfate; vegetable oils, such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil and theobroma oil; polyols such as propylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol, and polyethylene glycol; alginic acid, emulsifiers such as Tween ™ brand emulsifiers; wetting agents such as lauryl sodium sulfate; coloring agents; flavoring agents; agents for tablet formation, stabilizers; antioxidants; conservatives; pyrogen-free water; isotonic saline solution with blood-compatible suspension agents, whose pH was adjusted to approximately 7.4. If the preferred mode of administration of the compound in question is peroral, in one embodiment the unit dosage form used may consist of tablets, capsules, lozenges, chewable tablets and the like. Those dosage forms comprise a safe and effective amount of the desired compound, or compounds each of which is in a form of about 0.7 to 3.5 mg to about 280 mg / 70 kg,
or in another embodiment, approximately 0.5 to 10 mg to approximately 210 mg / 70 kg. The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier suitable for the preparation of the unit dosage forms for peroral administration is well known in the art. The tablets typically contain conventional pharmaceutically compatible additives such as inert diluents, such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, mannitol, lactose and cellulose; binders such as starch, gelatin and sucrose; disintegrants such as starch, alginic acid and croscaramellose, lubricants such as magnesium stearate, stearic acid and talc. Glidants such as silicon dioxide can be used to improve the flow characteristics of the powder mixture. Coloring agents such as FD &C dyes can be added to improve appearance. Sweetening and flavoring agents, such as aspartame, saccharin, menthol, peppermint and fruit flavors, are useful additives for chewable tablets. The capsules typically comprise one or more solid diluents described above. The selection of the components depends on secondary considerations such as taste, cost and shelf stability, which are not critical for the purposes of this invention and can be easily realized by someone skilled in the art. The peroral compositions may consist of liquid solutions, emulsions, suspensions and the like. The pharmaceutically acceptable carriers suitable for
Preparation of those compounds are well known in the art. These liquid oral compositions comprise in some embodiments from about 0.012% to about 0.933% of the desired compound or compounds, or in another embodiment, from about 0.033% to about 0.7%. Typical carrier components for syrups, elixirs, emulsions and suspensions include ethanol, glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, liquid sucrose, sorbitan and water. For a suspension typical suspending agents include methyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose (for example Avicel ™, RC-591), tragacanth and sodium alginate; Typical wetting agents include lecithin and polyethylene oxide sorbitan (eg, polysorbate 80). Typical preservatives include methyl paraben and sodium benzoate. The perosal liquid compositions may also contain one or more components such as sweeteners, flavoring agents and colorants described above. Other compositions useful for achieving systemic delivery include sublingual and buccal dosage forms. These compositions may contain one or more soluble filler substances such as sucrose, sorbitol, and mannitol, and binders such as acacia, microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. The glidants, lubricants, sweeteners, colorants, antioxidants and flavoring agents described above can also be included.
Also, compositions can be used to deliver the compound to the site where the activity is desired; such as eye drops, gels and creams for eye problems. The compositions for use in the methods of this invention may comprise solutions or emulsions, which in some embodiments of aqueous solutions or emulsions comprising a safe and effective amount of a SARM and optionally, other compounds, intended for topical intranasal administration. Such compositions may comprise from about 0.01% to about 10.0% w / v of a compound in question, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 2.0 which can be used for the systemic delivery of the compounds of the intranasal route. The compositions may also contain preservatives such as benzalkonium chloride, and trimerosal and the like; chelating agents, such as sodium ethad and others; Shock absorbers such as phosphate, citrate and acetate; tonicity agents such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, glycerin, mannitol and others; antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, acetylcysteine, sodium methylbisulfate and others; aromatic agents; viscosity adjusters such as polymers, including cellulose and its derivatives; and polyvinyl alcohol and acids and bases to adjust the pH of those aqueous compositions as needed. The compositions may also contain local anesthetics or other active ingredients. The compositions can be used as sprays,
nebulizations, drops and the like. Other compositions consist of dry powders. The compositions can be formulated for administration by spray and inhalation. These compositions can be contained in a container with attached atomization means. These compositions may contain propellants such as chlorofluorocarbons 12/11 and 12/114 or in another embodiment other non-toxic volatile fluorocarbons; solvents such as water, glycerol and ethanol, these include cosolvents as needed to dissolve or suspend the active ingredient; stabilizers such as ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite; preservatives such as cetylpyridinium chloride and benzalkonium chloride; tonicity adjusters such as sodium chloride; buffers and flavoring agents such as sodium saccharin. Other compositions of this invention useful for peroral administration include solids such as tablets and capsules, and liquids such as solutions, suspensions and emulsions (for example in soft gelatin capsules). These compositions can be coated by conventional methods, including in some embodiments, coatings dependent on pH or time, such that the compound in question is released in the gastrointestinal tract at different times to extend the desired action. These dosage forms include but are not limited to one or more of cellulose acetate phthalate, polyvinyl acetate phthalate, phthalate
hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, Eudragit ™ coatings, waxes and shellac. The compounds for use according to the methods of the invention can be administered by oral, parenteral means, including for example using suitable formulations as eye drops. For ocular administration, ointments or liquids can be delivered in drops. Such compositions may include mucomimetics such as hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol, preservatives such as sorbic acid, EDTA or benzylchromium chloride, and the usual amounts of diluents and / or carriers. See, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 16th Ed., Mack Publishing, Easton, Pa., 1980, as well as later editions, to find information on pharmaceutical composition. Numerous additional administration vehicles will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, including without limit slow release formulations, liposome formulations and polymer matrices. In other embodiments, the composition will consist of MRSA formulated for administration at a dose of about 0.1 or 0.5 to 4 mg / kg of body weight daily. The invention contemplates several dosage ranges. The dose could be in the range of 0.1-80 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 0.1 -50 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 0.1-20
mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 0.1-10 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 0.1-5 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 0.5-5 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 0.5-50 mg / day. In another modality, the dose is in the range of 5-80 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 35-65 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 35-65 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 20-60 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 40-60 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in a range of 45-60 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 40-60 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in a range of 60-120 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 120-240 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 40-60 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in a range of 240-400 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in a range of 45-60 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 15-25 mg / day. In another embodiment, the dosage is in the range of 5-10 mg / day. In another modality, the dosage is in the range of 55-65 mg / day. In one embodiment, the dose is 20 mg / day. In another modality, the dose is 40 mg / day. In another modality, the dose is 60 mg / day.
Pharmaceutical compositions containing the SARM agent can be administered to an individual by any method known in the art such as parenterally, paracancerally, transmucosally, transdermally, intramuscularly, intravenously, intradermally, subcutaneously, intraperitoneally, intraventricularly, intracranially, intravaginally or intratumorally. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions are orally administered and thus formulated in a form suitable for oral administration, ie as a solid or liquid preparation. Suitable solid oral formulations include tablets, capsules, pills, granules, pellets and the like. Suitable liquid oral formulations include solutions, suspensions, dispersions, emulsions, oils and the like. In one embodiment of the present invention, the SARM compounds are formulated in a capsule. According to this embodiment, the compositions of the present invention also comprise the active compound MRSA and the inert carrier or diluent, a hard gelatin capsule. In addition, in another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions are administered by intravenous, intraarterial, intramuscular injection of a liquid preparation. Suitable liquid formulations include solutions, suspensions, dispersions, emulsions, oils and the like. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions are administered intravenously, and
they thus formulate in a convenient form for intravenous administration. In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions are administered intraarterially, and are thus formulated in the form of a suitable for intraarterial administration. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions are administered intramuscularly, and are thus formulated in the form of a convenient intramuscular administration. In addition, in another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions are topically administered to body surfaces, and are thus formulated in a convenient form for topical administration. Suitable topical formulations include gels, ointments, creams, lotions, drops and the like. For topical administration, the agents or of SARM their physiologically acceptable derivatives such as salts, esters, N-oxides, and the like and are prepared and applied as solutions, suspensions, emulsions in a physiologically acceptable diluent with or without a pharmaceutical carrier. In addition, in another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions are administered as suppositories, for example rectal or urethral suppositories. In addition, in another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions are administered by means of subcutaneous implants of a pellet. In a further embodiment, the pellet provides controlled release of the SARM agent over a period of time. In another embodiment, the active compound can be delivered in
a vesicle, in particular a liposome (see Langer, Science 249: 1527-1533 (1990); Treat et al., in Liposomes in the Therapy of Infectious Disease and Cancer, López-Berestein and Fidler (eds.), Liss, New York, pages 353-365 (1989), Lopez-Berestein, ibid., Pp. 317-327, see generally ibid). In addition, the compositions may further comprise binders (eg, acacia, corn starch, gelatin, carbomer, ethyl cellulose, guar gum, hydroxypropyl cellulose, histaroxypropyl methyl cellulose, povidone), disintegrating agents (e.g. corn starch, potato starch, alginic acid, silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, guar gum, sodium starch glycolate), buffers (for example Tris-HCL, acetate, phosphate) of various pH and ionic strength, additives such as albumin or gelatin to prevent surface absorption, detergents (for example Tween 20, Tween 80, Pluronic F68, bile acid salts), protease inhibitors, surfactants (for example lauryl sodium sulfate), permeation promoters, solubilizing agents (for example glycerol, polyethyleneglycerol), antioxidants (for example, ascorbic acid, sodium metabisulfite, butylated hydroxyanisole), stabilizers (for example, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose), viscosity-increasing agents (for example, carbomers, dioxies) of colloidal silicon, ethyl cellulose, guar gum), sweeteners (for example aspartame, citric acid), preservatives (for example, thimerosal, benzyl alcohol, parabens), lubricants (for example stearic acid,
magnesip steararate, polyethylene glycol, sodium lauryl sulfate), flow aids (eg, colloidal silicon dioxide), plasticizers (eg, diethyl phthalate, triethyl citrate), emulsifiers (eg, carbomer, hydroxypropyl cellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate), polymer coatings (eg, poloxamers or poloxamines), coating agents and film formers (e.g., ethyl cellulose, acrylates, polymethacrylates) and / or additives. In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical compositions provided are controlled release compositions, ie the compositions in which the SARM compound is released for a period of time after administration. Sustained or controlled release compositions include the formulation in lipophilic deposits (eg, fatty acids, waxes, oils). In another embodiment, the composition is an immediate release composition, ie a composition in which all the SARM compound is released immediately after administration. In another embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition delivered in a controlled release system can be formulated for intravenous infusion, implantable osmotic pump, transdermal patch, liposomes, or other modes of administration. In another embodiment, a pump may be used (see Langer, supra, Sefton, CRC Crit Ref Biomed, Eng. 14: 201 (1987), Buchwald et al., Surgery 88: 507 (1980), Saudek et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 321: 574
(1989). In another embodiment, polymeric materials can be used. In another embodiment, a controlled release system can be placed in the vicinity of a therapeutic target, i.e., the brain, thus requiring only a fraction of the systemic dose (see, eg, Goodson, in Medical Applications of Controlled Relay, supra, vol 2, pp. 115-138 (1984) Other controlled release systems are described in Langer's work. {Science 249: 1527-1533 (1990).) The compositions may also include the incorporation of the active material. in or on preparations of particles of polymeric compounds such as polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, hydrogels, etc., or on liposomes, microemulsions, mycelia, unilamellar or multilamellar vesicles, erythrocyte spirits, or spheroplasts.) Such compositions will influence the physical state, the solubility, the stability, the in vivo release index, and the elimination index in vivo. Also included in the invention are particle compositions coated with polymers (eg, poloxamers or poloxamines) and that the compound coupled to the antibodies directed against tissue-specific receptors, antigens or coupled to ligands or coupled to specific receptor ligands. to the tissues. Also included in the invention are compounds modified by the covalent bonding of water-soluble polymers such as polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol copolymers and polypropylene.
glycol, carboxymethyl cellulose, dextran, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone or polyproline. Modified compounds are known to exhibit longer half-lives in the blood after intravenous injection, than the corresponding unmodified compounds (Abuchowski et al., 1981; Newmarket al., 1982; and Katre et al., 1987). Such modifications can also increase the solubility of the compound in the aqueous solution, eliminate aggregation, enhance the physical and chemical stability of the compound, and greatly reduce the immunogenicity and reactivity of the compound. Consequently, the desired biological activity can be achieved by administering such adducts of the polymeric compound less frequently or in lower doses than with the unmodified compound. The preparation of pharmaceutical compositions containing an active component is well understood in the art, for example by means of mixing processes, granulate, or form tablets. The active therapeutic ingredient is often mixed with excipients that are pharmaceutically acceptable and compatible with the active ingredient. For oral administration, MRSA agents or their physiologically tolerated derivatives such as salts, esters, N-oxides, and the like are mixed with common additives for this purpose, such as vehicles, stabilizers or inert diluents and converted by means of common methods. in suitable form for administration, such as tablets, coated tablets, hard or soft gelatine capsules, solutions
watery, alcoholic or oily. For parenteral administration, the SARM agents or their physiologically tolerated derivatives such as salts, esters, N-oxides and the like are converted into a solution, suspension, or emulsion, if desired with the common substances, and suitable for this purpose, by example solubilizers or others. An active component can be formulated into the composition in the form of neutralized pharmaceutically acceptable salt. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include the acid addition salts (formed with the free amino groups of the polypeptide or antibody molecule), which are formed with inoganic acids such as for example, hydrochloric or phosphoric acids or such as organic acids such as acetic acid, oxalic, tartaric, mandelic and the like. Salts formed with the free carboxyl groups can also be derived from inorganic bases such as for example sodium, potassium, ammonium, calcium or ferric hydroxides, and organic bases such as isopropylamine, triethylamine, 2-ethylamino ethanol, histidine, procaine, and the like. For use in medicine, the salts of MRSA will be pharmaceutically acceptable salts. However other salts may be useful in the preparation of the compounds according to the invention or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the invention include acid addition acids which for example can be formed by mixing a solution of the compound according to the invention
with a solution of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, carbonic acid or phosphoric acid. Characteristics of MRSA MRSAs that are useful for preventing and treating the diseases and / or disorders and / or conditions described herein can be classified into some modalities as androgen receptor agonists (AR agonists), partial agonists or androgen receptor antagonists. (AR antagonists). A receptor agonist is a substance that binds receptors and activates you. A partial receptor agonist is a substance that binds to a receptor and partially activates it. A receptor agonist is a substance that binds the receptors inactivates them. The SARM compounds for use in the methods of the present invention have a tissue selective effect wherein an agent can be an agonist, a partial agonist and / or an antagonist, depending on the tissue in which the MRSA is found. For example, the MRSA compound can stimulate muscle tissue, exhibit anabolic activity, or prevent signals through the androgen receptor in the prostate, thereby inhibiting anti-androgenic activity. In one embodiment, the SARM that are useful in the methods of this invention are agonists. In another modality, the SARMs are AR agonists, and therefore they are useful in the link and the
activation of AR. Assays to determine whether the compounds of the present invention are AR agonists or antagonists are well known to a person skilled in the art. For example the AR agonist activity can be determined by monitoring the ability of the SARM compounds to maintain and / or stimulate growth the growth of RA-containing tissue such as the prostate or seminal vesicle, this measured in weight. AR antagonistic activity can be determined by monitoring the ability of the SARM compound to inhibit the growth of the AR-containing tissue. In another embodiment, the SARM compounds of the present invention can be classified as partial AR agonists / antagonists. In one embodiment, the SARMs are AR agonists in particular tissues, removing the transcription of agents that respond to AR (for example anabolic muscle effect) and concurrently in other tissues, these compounds serve as component inhibitors of testosterone / DHT bound to the AR, preventing the native androgenic bond, thus being anti-androgenic. The SARM compounds for use in the methods of the present invention bind either reversibly or irreversibly to the androgen receptor. In one embodiment, the SARM compounds are reversibly linked to the androgen receptor. In another modification, the SARM compounds bind irreversibly to the androgen receptor. The compounds of the present invention may contain a functional group (affinity tag) which
allows the alkylation of the androgen receptor (this is the formation of covalent bonds). Thus in this case, the compounds bind irreversibly to the androgen receptor. The compounds of the present invention may contain a functional group (affinity tag) that allows alkylation of the androgen receptor (ie, the formation of a covalent bond). Thus in this case the compounds bind irreversibly to the receptor and according to this can not be presented by a steroid, such as endogenous ligands DHT and testorena. In one embodiment, the methods of the present invention are to administer a SARM compound as the sole active ingredient. However, treatment methods consisting of administering the SARM compounds in combination with one or more therapeutic agents, as described herein, are also included within the scope of the present invention. These agents in some embodiments comprise LHRJ analogs, reversible antiandrogens, antiestrogens, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SEMS), anticancer drugs, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, aromatase inhibitors, progestins, other selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMS). , testosterone, anabolic growth hormone receptors or agents that act through other nuclear hormone receptors, or their combinations. Thus in one embodiment the present invention provides the use of compositions containing a receptor modulator compound
of selective androgens, in combination with an LHRH analogue. In another embodiment, the present invention provides the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with a reversible antiandrogen. In another embodiment, the present invention provides for the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with an antiestrogen. In another embodiment, the present invention provides the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with a SERM. In another embodiment, the present invention provides for the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with an anticancer drug. In another embodiment, the present invention provides for the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor. In another embodiment, the present invention provides for the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with an aromatase inhibitor. In another embodiment, the present invention provides the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with a progestin. In another embodiment, the present invention provides for the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with another MRSA.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides for the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with testosterone. In another embodiment, the present invention provides for the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with an anabolic steroid. In another embodiment, the present invention provides the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with a growth hormone. In another embodiment, the present invention provides for the use of compositions comprising a selective androgen receptor modulator compound, in combination with an agent acting through other nuclear hormone receptors. Activities of Modulating Compounds of Selective Androgens Kidney Disease and Related Conditions In a Mode, the present invention provides a method for treating an individual suffering from or predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder, comprising the step of administering to that individual a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) and / or the analogues, derivatives , isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals of that SARM compound, or any combination thereof. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a
method for preventing a disease or kidney disorder in an individual, comprising the step of administering to that individual a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) and / or the analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates , N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals of that SARM compound, or any combination thereof. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method of treating, preventing, suppressing, inhibiting or reducing the incidence of symptoms associated with a disease or renal disorder in an individual, comprising the step of administering to said individual an androgen receptor modulator. selective (SARM) and / or the analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals of that SARM compound, or any combination thereof. In another modality the disease or renal disorder is acute or in another modality they are chronic. In one embodiment the clinical indications of a kidney disease or disorder, in which treatment may be useful include urinary cylinders, measured GFR or other markers of renal function. In one embodiment the methods of the invention are useful in people predisposed to diseases or renal disorders. In one embodiment, the "predisposed to a kidney disease or disorder" phase with respect to a subject is synonymous with the phrase "individual in
risk "and includes an individual at risk of acute or chronic renal failure, or at risk of the need for renal replacement therapy, if the individual is reasonably expected to suffer from the progressive loss of renal function associated with progressive loss of the functioning of the nephron units When a particular individual is suspected of being at risk of a determination that can be performed routinely by someone with common experience in the medical or veterinary technique, subjects at risk of chronic renal failure, for example, or at risk of the need for renal replacement therapy, include but are not limited to: subjects who may be considered as affected with chronic renal failure, end-stage renal disease, chronic diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephrosclerosis, chronic glomerulonephritis, hereditary nephritis and / or renal dysplasia, subjects who have a biopsy that indicates a hypertrophyglomerular, tubular hypertrophy, glome chronic roloesclerosis and / or chronic tubulointerstitial sclerosis; individual having an ultrasound examination, MRI, CAR scan or other non-invasive examination that indicates renal fibrosis; subjects who have an unusual number of cylinders present in the urinary sediment; an individual having a GFR that is chronically less than about 50%, and more particularly less than about 40%, 30% or 20% of the GFR expected for the individual; human male individuals weighing at least 50 kg and having a GFR that is chronically less than about 50 ml / min, or less than about 40
ml / min, 30 m / min or 20 ml / min; human female individuals weighing at least 40 kg and having a GFR that is chronically less than about 50 ml / min, or less than about 30 ml / min, 20 m / min or 10 ml / min; subjects having a number of functional nephron units that is less than about 50%, or less than about 40 & , 30% 20%, of the number of functional nephron units of a similar but healthy individual; individuals who have a single kidney; or subjects who have received a kidney transplant. The methods of the present invention can be used for any mammal that requires the indicated treatment. Mammals that can be treated according to the methods of the invention include but are not limited to human subjects or patients. In addition, however, the invention can be used in the treatment of domestic mammals that are companions of humans (eg dogs, cats, horses), which have an important commercial value (for example dairy cows, cattle, sport animals), which have an important scientific value (free specimens in captivity of endangered species) or have value for other reasons. Someone with ordinary experience in medical or veterinary technique is trained to recognize subjects that require methods of treatment / preventives of this invention. In particular, clinical or not clinical trials, as well as accumulated experience,
related to the currently described method and other methods of treatment, it is expected that they inform the skilled practitioner to decide whether a given individual is at risk of a condition, disease or disorder that can be treated by means of the methods of the invention, for example that are at risk of chronic kidney disease, such as end-stage renal disease, or at risk of needing renal replacement therapy, etc., and if any treatment is best suited to the needs of a subject, including treatment according to with the invention In one embodiment a mammal may be considered at risk of having a chronic renal failure or requiring a renal replacement therapy, if the individual has already been diagnosed or will be considered as afflicted with, a condition that typically leads to a loss of renal function associated with the progressive loss of functional nephron units. These conditions include but are not limited to chronic renal failure, end-stage renal disease, chronic diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephrosclerosis, chronic glomerulonephritis, hereditary nephritis, renal dysplasia, and the like. These and other diseases and conditions known in the art typically lead to progressive loss of functioning nephrons and the onset of chronic renal failure. Frequently someone expert in the medical or veterinary technique can base a prognosis, diagnosis or other decision
about a treatment after examining a kidney biopsy sample. These biopsies provide a wealth of information useful in diagnosing kidney disorders, but due to the invasion of the procedure and the additional trauma of a presumably sick kidney, it may not be appropriate for all individuals. However, individuals at risk of chronic renal failure, or at risk of needing a real replacement therapy, can be recognized by histological indications of renal biopsies, including but not limited to glomerular hypertrophy, tubular hypertrophy, glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial sclerosis. , and similar. Less invasive techniques to determine renal morphology include MRI, CAT and ultrasonic scans. Scanning techniques employing contrast agents or imaging agents (for example, radioactive dyes) are also available, but it should be noted that some of these are particularly toxic to kidney tissues or structures, and therefore their use may be discouraged for individuals at risk of chronic renal failure. These noninvasive scanning techniques can be used to detect conditions such as fibrosis or renal sclerosis, focal renal necrosis, renal cysts and extensive renal hypertrophy that would put the individual at risk of chronic renal failure or at risk of needing renal replacement therapy. The prognosis, diagnosis and / or treatment decisions can be based on some modalities, after the indications
renal function clinics. An indication of this type is the presence of urinary sediment from an unusual number of "large" or "renal failure" samples, which indicates tubular hypertrophy and suggests compensatory renal hypertrophy that typifies chronic renal failure. Another indication of renal function is the glomerular flow rate (GFR), which can be measured directly by quantifying the rate of removal of particular markers, or that can be inferred from indirect measurements. It is important to note that the methods of treatment of the present invention need not be restricted to subjects presenting any particular measurement of GFR, or another particular marker of renal function. In one modality individuals with kidney disease, particularly male individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) suffer from hypogonadism, having some moderate to severe concomitant protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), which have higher required doses of PO, lower QOL scores, and higher mortality. Many have other symptoms associated with hypogonadism including fatigue, lack of appetite, muscle weakness, etc. In some embodiments, the methods of treatment of the invention are useful in the treatment of symptoms associated with hypogonadism, which occur in the individual with kidney disease or disorder. In one embodiment the individual to whom the treatment will be applied by means of the methods of this invention is one with
diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy is a complication that occurs early, typically before the clinical diagnosis of diabetes is made. The earliest clinical evidence is the appearance of low but abnormal levels of albumin (> 30 mg / day or 20 g / min) in the urine (microalbuminuria), followed by albuminuria (> 300 mg / 24 h or 200 pg / min ) that develops over a period of 10-15 years. In patients with type 1 diabetes, diabetic hypertension typically manifests itself in the early stages, at the time when the patient develops microalbuminuria. Once the manifest nephropathy is present. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is reduced over time, which can be several years, resulting in end-stage disease (ESRD) in diabetic individuals. In one embodiment, the terms "treatment" or "treating" refers to both preventive and remissive treatment. In one embodiment, the terms "reduce," "suppress," or "inhibit," refer to reducing, retarding or diminishing, and may refer to symptoms, markers, associated with the disease or disorder, as well as the cause of the disease and disorder. In one embodiment, the term "administer" refers to placing an individual in contact with a SARM compound of the present invention, which may be performed in vitro, ie in a test tube, or in vivo in cells or tissues of organisms live, for example human, or ex vivo in terms of implanting cells that have been treated before their implantation. In one modality, the present
invention includes administering the compounds of the present invention includes administering the compounds of the present invention to an individual, through any route, as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art. In one embodiment of this invention, methods of treatment for preventing, ameliorating, inhibiting, treating or retarding diseases or disorders may consist of the administration of other compounds in addition to MRSA. In one embodiment, the additional compound may be related to other causative factors in the development or in another mode predisposition to a kidney disease or disorder. For example in a modality the treatment of diabetics who in a modality are at risk of suffering from a disease or renal disorder or a precursor thereof can be treated with an effective amount of a thiazolidinedione or a drug for diabetes type "glitazone", such as Troglitazone, Rosiglitazone, and Pioglitazone, in addition to the MRSA treatment. In another modality, other anti-diabetic agents can be administered in combination with a MRSA. Such anti-diabetic agents may include biguanides (for example, metformin), glucosidase inhibitors (e.g., acarbose), insulins (including insulin secretagogues or insulin sensitizers), meglitinides (e.g., repaglinide), sulfonylureas (e.g. glimepiride, glyburide and glipizide), biguanide / glyburide combinations (eg, Glucovance®), thiazolidinediones
(for example, troglitazone, rosiglitazone and pioglitazone), PPAR-alpha agonists, PPAR-gamma agonists, PPAR alpha / gamma agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors, glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors, fatty acid binding protein (aP2) inhibitors such as those described in the American document no. of series 09 / 519,079 filed on March 6, 2000, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors IV (DPP4) such as those described in WO 0168603. The combination therapy can be co-administered in a unique combination to a subject in a modality or in another modality, the compounds can be administered separately, with time, route, composition, etc., varying for the administration of each respective compound, of any of the treatment methods of this invention. These additional therapeutic agents may include for example one or more inhibitors of the activity of the loyal bile transporter ("IBAT inhibitors")., inhibitors of cholesterol ester transfer protein activity ("CETP inhibitors"), fibrates, digoxin, calcium channel blockers, endothelin antagonists, protein inhibitors, microsomal triglyceride transfer, cholesterol absorption antagonists, thiosterol, bile acid sequestrants, vasodilators, andrenergic blockers, andrenergic stimulants, and / or inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase activity. These other therapeutic agents may also comprise, for example, one or more anti-
conventional inflammatories, such as spheroids, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, non-spheroidal anti-rheumatic drugs (NSAIDs), 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors, LTB4 antagonists, and LTA4 hydrolase inhibitors.In one embodiment the erythropoietin used in accordance with methods of this invention are obtained by means of natural sources (e.g. urinary erythropoietin, see US Pat. No. 3,865,801), or it is a recombinantly produced protein and its analogs, for example as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,441, 868, 5,547,933, 5,618,698 and 5,621,080 as well as human erythropoietin analogs with enhanced glycosylation and / or amino acid sequence changes such as those described in European Patent Publication No. EP 668351 and hyperglycosylated analogs with 1-14 acid groups sialic acid and changes in the amino acid sequence described in PCT publication No. WO 91/05867. Erythropoietin-like polypeptides They are also encompassed by the present invention including for example dabepoietin (from Amgen, also known as Aranesp and new erythropoiesis-stimulating protein (NESP)). The administration of dabepoietin for use in the present invention includes subcutaneous or intravenous administration of about 0.5 micrograms / kg once a week. The concentration of erythropoietin in the serum is usually in the range of 5-50 mU / ml, however patients who
they suffer from chronic renal failure or other conditions that include anemia, erythropoietin is much lower and the treatment comprises attempts to increase and maintain the blood concentration by approximately 1-100 mU / ml, in one modality. This concentration of plasma can be obtained by administration of one to several doses per day. Hypertension is another comorbid factor for kidney diseases. In some modalities, the treatment of kidney diseases may include concomitant treatment with a SAM and an agent that treats hypertension. Examples of antihypertensive agents suitable for use in combination with MRSA include andrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers (type L and type T, eg, diltiazem, verapamil, nifedipine, amlodipine and mibefradil), diuretics (eg chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, flumetiazide, hydroflumethiazide, bendroflumethiazide, methyl chlorothiazide, trichloromethiazide, polythiazide, benzthiazide, tricrinafen ethacrynic acid, chlorthalidone, furosemide, muslimimine, bumetanide, triamtrenene, amiloride, spironolactones), queen inhibitors, ACE inhibitors (eg, captopril, zofenopril , fosinopril, enalapril, ceranopril, cilazopril, delapril, pentopril, quinapril, ramipril, lisinopril), AT-I receptor antagonists (eg, losartan, irbesartan, valsaran), ET receptor antagonists (eg, sitaxsentan, atrsentan and the compounds described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5, 612,359 and 6,043,265), ET / AII dual antagonist
(e.g., the compounds described in WO 00/01389), neutral endopeptidase inhibitors (NEP), vasopepsidase inhibitors (dual NEP-ACE inhibitors) (e.g., omapatrilate and gemopatrilate), and nitrates. Other factors involved are hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, thrombosis and others, as will be appreciated by the technicians. In one embodiment, the methods of the invention comprise the administration of at least one MRSA in combination with the agents treating those factors as well as alone or in combination with other agents described herein. Examples of anti-platelet agents to be used in combination with MRSA include GPIIb / IIIa blockers (eg, abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban), P2Y12 antagonists (eg, clopidogrel, ticlopidine, CS-747), thromboxane receptor antagonists ( for example, ifetroban), aspirin, and PDE-III inhibitors (eg, dipyridamole) with or without aspirin. Examples of cardiac glycosides suitable for use in combination with MRSA include digitalis and ouabain. Examples of suitable cholesterol / lipid reducing agents for use in combination with a SARM include HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (e.g., pravastatin, lovastatin, atorvastatin, simvastatin, NK-104 (also known as itavastatin, or nisvastatin or nisbastatin) and ZD-4522 (also known as rosuvastatin, or atavastatin or visastatin)), squalene synthetase inhibitors, fibrates, sequestrants bile acids, inhibitors
of ACAT, MTP inhibitors, lipoxygenase inhibitors, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, and cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors (e.g., CP-529414). Animal models can be used to evaluate the regimes for the tment methods proposed in the present invention. For example, rats that have suffered a reduction in renal mass (RMR) by nephrectomy can be used to determine the degree of glomerulosclerosis, mesangial expansion and proliferation and tubulo-interstitial changes, as a function of the tment regimen in terms of the compound, the doses or combinations used. Thinning and Cachexia and tment with MRSA In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for ting, preventing, inhibiting, reducing or suppressing, or improving the symptoms associated with cachexia or involuntary weight loss in a subject, comprising the stage of administering to the subject a selective androgen receptor modulator compound (SARM) and / or its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals or any combination thereof. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method of ting, preventing, suppressing, inhibiting or reducing muscle wasting in an individual suffering from a kidney disease or disorder, comprising the step of administering to that individual a
selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) and / or its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals or any combination thereof. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method of ting, preventing, suppressing, inhibiting or reducing protein catabolism in an individual suffering from a disease or renal disorder, comprising the step of administering to said individual a selective androgen receptor modulator. (SARM) and / or its analogues, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates, N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals or any combination thereof. As contemplated herein, the SARM compounds of the present invention are useful for ting, preventing, suppressing, inhibiting or reducing muscle wasting associated with conditions for the tment described herein. An intact signaling pathway of the androgen receptor (AR) is crucial , among other things for the proper development of skeletal muscles. In addition, an intact AR signaling pathway inces lean muscle mass, muscle strength and muscle protein synthesis, whose ince is useful in the tment of symptoms associated with the conditions, diseases or disorders described herein, subject to the methods of this invention.
An attrition condition or disorder is defined herein as a condition / condition or disorder that is characterized at least partially by means of the progressive abnormal loss of body, organic or tissue mass. A wasting condition can occur as the result of a pathology such as for example cancer, or it can be due to a physiological or metabolic state, such as loss of tissue condition caused for example due to prolonged bed rest or when a member is immobilized for example with plaster or when multiple wounds occur, including for example amputation as occurs in diabetics and other conditions as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art. In one embodiment of the term "muscle wasting" or "muscle wasting" refers to the progressive loss of muscle mass and / or progressive weakening and degeneration of muscles, including skeletal or voluntary muscles that control movement, cardiac muscles that control movement. heart and smooth muscles. In one embodiment the condition or muscle wasting disorder is a condition or disorder of chronic muscle wasting. "Chronic muscle wasting" is defined as the chronic progressive loss (this is persistent over a long period of time) of muscle mass and / or the weakening and progressive progressive degeneration of the muscle. The loss of muscle mass that occurs during muscle wasting can be characterized by a b or
degradation of the protein, through the catabolism of muscle protein. The catabolism of proteins is due to a high rate of protein synthesis degradation, leading to a reduction in muscle mass and muscle wasting. The term "catabolism" has its meaning commonly known in the art, specifically an energy combustion caused by metabolism. Muscle wasting can occur as the result of a pathology, disease, condition or disorder, including disorders for treatment by means of the methods of this invention such as, for example, end-stage renal failure. Cachexia is a weakness and weight loss caused by a disease or as a side effect of the disease. Prolonged hospitalization due to illness or injury, or a loss of condition that occurs for example when a member is immobilized, can also lead to muscle wasting. Studies have shown that patients suffering from damage, chronic diseases, burns, trauma or cancer, who are hospitalized for prolonged periods of time, there is prolonged muscle wasting with a consequent reduction in body mass. Damage to the nervous system for example, damage to the spinal cord, as described further here can also be a contributing factor. Any of these conditions, whether the first or second condition to be treated by administering at least one SA M compound, or in
another modality a combination of SARMs, or in another combination one or several MRSA in combination with other agents to improve, prevent, reduce or treat the conditions and / or their symptoms, as described herein, and represent modalities of what are considered to be methods of this invention. The compounds can be combined with growth promoting agents, such as but not limited to TRH, diethyl stilbesterol, theophylline, enkephalins, E series prostaglandins, compounds described in US Patent No. 3, 239, 345, eg, zeranol, and compounds described in U.S. Patent No. 4, 036,979, for example, sulbenox or peptides described in U.S. Pat. No. 4, 411, 890. In other embodiments the methods can be effected by co-administration of growth hormone secretagogues such as GHRP-6, GHRP-I (as described in US Pat. No. 4, 411, 890 and WO 89/07110 and WO 89/07111), GHRP-2 (as described in WO 93/04081), NN703 (Novo Nordisk), LY444711 (Lilly), MK-677 (Merck), CP424391 (Pfizer) and B-HT920, or, in other embodiments with the growth hormone releasing factor and its analogs or growth hormone and its analogs or somatomedins including IGF-I and IGF-2, Q with alpha-adrenergic agonists, such as clonidine agonists or serotonin 5-HTD , such as sumatriptan, or agents that inhibit somatostatin or its release, such as physostigmine and pyridostigmine. In another modality, the methods can be affected by
means of coadminstration of the parathyroid hormone PT (1-34) or bisphosphonates, such as MK-217 (alendronate). In another embodiment the methods can be effected by the co-administration of estrogens, testosterone, a selective estrogen receptor modulator such as tamoxifen or raloxifene, or other androgen receptor modulators, such as those described by Edwards, J. P. et. al., Bio. Med. Chem. Let, 9, 1003-1008 (1999) and Hamann, L. G. et. al, J. Med. Chem., 42, 210-212 (1999). In another embodiment, the methods can be effected by coadministration of progesterone receptor agonists ("PARA") such as levonorgestrel, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). In another embodiment the methods can be effected by means of the co-administration of nuclear hormone receptors or other suitable therapeutic agents useful in the treatment of the aforementioned diseases including antidiabetic agents; anti-westoporosis agents; anti-obesity agents; anti-inflammatory agents; anxiolytic agents; anti-depressant agents, anti-hypertensive agents; anti-platelet agents; anti-thrombotics and thrombolytic agents; cardiac glycosides, cholesterol / lipid reducing agents; antagonists of mineral corticosteroid receptors; phosphodiesterase inhibitors; inhibitors of protein triosine kinase; thyroid mimetics (including thyroid receptor agonists); anabolic agents;
therapies for HIV and AIDS; useful therapies in the treatment of sleeping sickness; anti-proliferative agent or anti-tumor agents or any combination thereof. Examples of suitable mineral corticosteroid receptor antagonists for use in combination with a MRSA according to the methods of the invention include spironolactone and eplerinone. Examples of suitable phosphodiesterase (PED) inhibitors for use in combination with a SARM, according to the methods of this invention include PDE-3 inhibitors such as cilostazol and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE-5 inhibitors) such as sildenafil. Examples of thyroid mimetics suitable for use in combination with a SARM according to the methods of this invention include thyrotropin, polythroid, KB-130015 and dronedorana.
Examples of anabolic agents suitable for use in combination with MRSA, according to the methods of this invention include testosterone, TRH, diethyl stilbesterol, estrogen, β-agonists, theophylline, anabolic spheroids, dihydroepiandrosterone, enkephalins, E-series prostagladins, retinoic acid and compounds such as those described in US Patent No. 3, 239, 345, for example, Zeranol®; U.S. Patent No. 4, 036, 979, for example, Sulbenox® or peptides such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 4,411,890. In some embodiments the methods of this invention may
further comprising the administration of nutritional supplements to the subject, such as those described in U.S. Pat. 5,179,080, which in other embodiments are in combination with whey or casein protein, amino acids (such as leucine, branched chain amino acids of hydroxymethyl butyrate), triglyceride, vitamins (for example A, B6, B12, folate, C, D and E) , minerals (for example selenium, magnesium, zinc, chromium, calcium and potassium), camitine, lipoic acid, creatinine, N-hydroxy-B-methylbutyrate (Juven) and coenzyme Q. In some embodiments, the methods of this invention may comprise administration of anti-resorbent agents, hormone replacement therapies, vitamin D analogues, elemental calcium and calcium supplements, cathepsin K inhibitors, MMP inhibitors, vitronectin receptor antagonists, Src SH2 antagonists, H-vacula inhibitors -ATPase , ipriflavone, fluoride, tribolone, prostanoids, 17-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitors and Src kinase inhibitors. Damage to the nervous system: Damage to the central nervous system (CNS), in some modalities are associated with muscle wasting disorders. Injuries or damage to the CNS can be for example caused by diseases, traumas or chemical substances. Examples are injuries or damage to the nervous system, injury or damage to peripheral nerves and injuries or damage to the spinal cord.
Studies involving patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) have shown that central neurotransmitters can be altered after SCI causing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction, whose interruption leads to a significant reduction in testosterone and other hormone levels . SCI or another disease or trauma characteristically includes elevated catabolism in conjunction with reduced anabolic activity resulting in a condition that leads to the loss of lean body tissue, which is often accompanied by disturbed utilization of nutrients. The effects of loss of body mass include the development of wounds or poor healing mechanisms, which also harms the problem. Due to poor nutrition and proteins combined with immobilization, patients with spinal cord injuries are at a high risk of decubitus damage. In one embodiment, this invention provides a method for treating an individual suffering from damage to the bone marrow, which comprises administering to the individual a SARM and / or its analogs, derivatives, isomers, metabolites, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, pharmaceuticals, hydrates. , N-oxides, prodrugs, polymorphs, impurities or crystals or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, methods for treating a subject with spinal cord damage include treating any condition
secondary, arising due to the individual having a spinal cord injury, some of which are described here, for example wounds, hypogonadism, cachexia, etc. In one embodiment, a wide variety of CNS damage can be treated by methods of the present invention. Damage to the CNS can be referred in one modality to a disruption of the membrane of a nerve cell, or in another modality to the inability of the nerve to produce and propagate the nerve impulses, or in another mode to the death of the cell. An injury includes damage that directly or indirectly affects the normal functions of the CNS. The injuries can be structural, physical or mechanical damage and can be caused by physical impact, as in the case of crushing, compression or stretching of nerve fibers. Alternatively the cell membrane can be destroyed or degraded by a disease, a chemical imbalance, or a physiological malfunction such as anoxia (eg stroke), aneurysm, or reperfusion. An injury to the CNS includes, for example, and without limitation, retinal ganglion cell damage, traumatic brain damage, stroke-related damage, brain aneurysm-related damage, spinal cord damage, including monoplegia, diplegia, paraplegia, hemiplegia and quadriplegia, a neuroproliferative disorder, or neuropathic pain syndrome. With damage to the spinal cord of a mammal, the connections between the nerves in the spinal cord are broken. Those injuries
they block the flow of nerve impulses for nerve tracts affected by the injury, with damage resulting to both sensory and motor function. Damage to the spinal cord can arise from compression and other contusion of spinal damage or a crushing or cutting of the spinal cord. A cut of the spinal cord also called a transection may be a complete separation or may be an incomplete cut of the spinal cord. The methods of the present invention can be used to treat acute and chronic CNS lesions, including but not limited to chronic and acute damage to the spinal cord. In some embodiments, methods for treating a subject suffering from damage to the CNS, or in other modalities, damage to the spinal cord, may be accompanied by treatment of the individual with electrical stimulation of the damaged site and administration of a purine nucleoside or an analogue thereof, for example, as described in U.S. Patent Application No. 20040214790A1. In some embodiments the combined use of a MRSA with a treatment of Alzheimer's disease or any cognitive disorder may be desired, and may consist of donepezil, tacrine, revastigmine, 5HT6, gamma secretase inhibitors, beta secretase inhibitors, SK channel blockers, Maxi-K blockers, and KCNQ blockers, melatonin analogues, melatonin receptor antagonists, MLIB agonists, or GABA / NMDA receptor antagonists.
Healing wounds and burns In one embodiment, this invention provides a method for treating a subject suffering from a wound, or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of a wound or reducing the incidence of, or mitigating, the severity, or improving or accelerate the healing of a wound in a subject, the method comprises the step of administering a SARM to the subject. In one embodiment, this invention provides a method for treating a subject suffering from a wound, or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of a wound or reducing the incidence of, or mitigating the severity, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound. a burn in a subject, the method comprises the step of administering a SARM to the subject. Wounds and / or ulcers are usually found on the skin or a mucous surface or as a result of an infarct on an organ. A wound may be the result of a defect or injury to a soft tissue or a precondition. In one embodiment the term "wound" denotes a bodily injury with the interruption of the normal integrity of the structures of the tissues. The term is also intended to include the terms "injury", "yaga", "necrosis" and "ulcer". In one embodiment the term "yaga" refers to a lesion of the skin or mucous membranes and the term "ulcer" refers to a local defect, or excavation of the surface of an organ or tissue that occurs when the tissue is spread. necrotic The injury usually refers to any tissue
defective. Necrosis is related to dead tissue resulting from infection, damage, inflammation or infarction. All these are encompassed by the term "wound", which denotes any wound at any stage in a healing process including the stage prior to which healing is indexed or even before a specific wound is performed such as a surgical incision (prophylactic treatment ). Examples of wounds that have been prevented and / or treated in accordance with the present invention are, for example, aseptic wounds, blunt wounds, incisive wounds, lacerated wounds, non-penetrating wounds, (ie, wounds in which there is no break in the skin). but there is injury in the inferior structures), open wounds, penetrating wounds, perforating wounds, puncture wounds, septic wounds, subcutaneous wounds, etc. Examples of these lesions are ulnar lesions, aphthae, oral ulcers, gout ulcers, diabetic ulcers, ischemic ulcer due to hypertension, vein ulcers, ulcus cruris (venous ulcers), sublingual ulcers, submucosal ulcers, symptomatic ulcers, tropical ulcers , tropical ulcer, venereal ulcer, for example caused by gonorrhea (including urethritis, endocervicitis and proctitis). Conditions related to injuries or injuries that can be treated successfully according to the invention are burns, anthrax, tetanus, gangrene, scarlet fever, erysipelas, barbae sycosis, folliculitis, contagious impetigo, or swollen impetigo, etc. There is often a certain confusion between the use of the term "wound" and "ulcer" and "wound" and "injury", and in addition terms are often used
randomly. Therefore, as mentioned before, in the present context the term "wounds" includes the terms "ulcer", "injury", "yaga" and "infarction", and the terms are used indiscriminately unless otherwise indicated. The wound type to be treated according to the invention also includes i) general wounds such as for example surgical, traumatic, infectious, ischemic, thermal, chemical and bullous wounds; etc.) specific wounds for the oral cavity such as post-extraction wounds, endodontic wounds especially in connection with the treatment of cysts and abscesses, ulcers and lesions of bacterial, viral or autoimmune origin, mechanical, chemical, thermal, infectious wounds and lichenoids; Herpes ulcers, aphthous stomatitis, acute necrotic ulcerative gingivitis and oral burn syndrome are specific examples; and iii) skin wounds such as, for example, neoplasm, burns (eg, thermal chemistries), lesions (bacterial, oral, autoimmune), bites and surgical incisions. Another way to classify wounds is u) small tissue loss due to incisions, abrasions and minor bites, or ii) loss of significant tissue. The last group includes ischemic ulcers, pressure injuries, fistulas, lacerations, severe bites, thermal burns, and wounds at the site of donation in soft and hard tissues) and heart attacks. In other aspects of the invention, the wound to be prevented and / or treated is selected from the group consisting of wounds.
aseptic, infarcts, blunt wounds, incisive wounds, lacerated wounds, non-penetrating wounds, open wounds, penetrating wounds, perforating wounds, puncture wounds, septic wounds and subcutaneous wounds. Other wounds that are of importance in connection with the present invention are wounds such as ischemic ulcers, pressure yagas, fistulas, severe bites, thermal burns and donation sites. Ischemic ulcers and pressure yagas are wounds that usually heal very slowly and especially in cases a better and faster healing is obviously very important for the patient. In addition, the costs involved in the treatment of patients suffering from these injuries are clearly reduced when healing is improved and performs more quickly The wounds of the donor sites are wounds which for example occur in connection with removal of the hard tissue from one part of the body to another part of the body for example in connection with transplants. The wounds resulting from these operations are very painful and therefore your best healing is very valuable. The term "skin" is used in a very broad sense including the epidermal layer of the skin and in those cases in which the skin is more or less injured, this is the dermal layer of the skin. In addition to the stratum corneum, the epidermal layer of the skin is the outer layer (epithelial) and the deeper connective tissue layer of the skin is called the dermis.
Since the skin is the most exposed part of the body, it is particularly susceptible to various types of injuries, such as for example ruptures, cuts, abrasions, burns and frostbites or injuries arising from various diseases. In addition, a lot of skin is often destroyed in actions. However due to the important barrier and physiological function of the skin, the integrity of the skin is important for the welfare of the individual and any cut or rupture represents a threat that must be avoided by the body in order to protect its continued existence . In addition to skin lesions, lesions can also be present in all types of tissue (this is soft and hard tissue). Damages to soft tissues include mucous membranes and / or skin are especially relevant in connection with the present invention. The healing of a wound in the skin or a mucous membrane goes through a series of steps that result in or in the repair or regeneration of the skin or mucous membrane. In recent years, regeneration and repair have been distinguished as two types of healing that can occur. Regeneration can be defined as a biological process in which the architecture and function of tissue loss are completely renewed. The repair on the other hand is a biological process in which the continuity of the separated tissue is restored by means of new tissue that does not structure and the functioning lost.
Most healthy wounds are repaired, meaning that the new tissue formed is structurally and chemically different from the original tissue (scar tissue). In the early stage of tissue repair, a process that is almost always involved in the formation of a transitional connective tissue in the area of tissue injury. This process started by the formation of a new extracellular collagen matrix by means of fibroblasts. This new matrix of extracellular collagen is then the support of a connective tissue during the final healing process. The final cure in most tissues is a scar formation that contains connective tissue. In tissues that have regenerative properties, such as skin and bone, the final healing includes the regeneration of the original tissue. This regenerated tissue often has some scar characteristics, for example thickening of the healed bone fracture. Under normal circumstances, the body provides mechanisms to heal damaged skin or mucous membranes in order to restore the integrity of the skin barrier or mucosa. The repair process for minor ruptures or injuries may require a period of time that extends from hours and days to weeks. However, in the case of ulceration, the healing can be very slow and the wound may persist for a long period of time, that is months or even years. In one modality the treatment of wounds or burns also incorporates the use of additional growth factors
as epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-a (TGF-a), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) including acid fibroblast growth factor (a- PGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (ß-PGF) and insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2) or any combination thereof, which are promoters of wound healing. Wound healing can be measured by many methods known in the art, including tensile wound strength, hydroxyproline or collagen content, procollagen expression and re-epithelialization. As for example an MRSA as described herein is administered orally or typically, at a dose of approximately 0.1-1 mg per day. The therapeutic effectiveness is measured as the effectiveness of the improvement of wound healing. Improved wound healing can be measured by known techniques such as reduction in healing time, increase in collagen density, increase in hydroxyproline, reduction in complication, increase in tensile strength and increase in scar tissue cellularity. In one embodiment, the invention relates to the prevention and treatment of diseases, disorders, and / or conditions involving involuntary weight loss and / or hypogonadism, which in turn is treated by the administration of a modulator. of selective androgen receptor. It has been shown that the SARM
They possess anabolic and androgenic activity, which has selective tissue activity. In diseases / disorders / conditions that are exacerbated due to, or as a product of hypogonadism, the MRSA selected for treatment, in one modality will have greater androgenic activity, in one modality and in another modality, diseases / disorders / conditions that are exacerbated due to As a result of involuntary weight loss / catabolism / cachexia, the MRSA selected for treatment will have marked anabolic activity. In some modalities, the diseases / disorders / conditions being treated are exacerbated either as a result of disturbance of the normal hormonal balance and catabolic effects, and when a balance of anabolic and androgenic activity is desired, which in one embodiment is reflects by the SERM selected for its use, or in combination thereof. It should be understood that in any method described herein, other agents may also be incorporated, some of which are described herein, or as are known in the art, and which are useful in the treatment of those conditions. The following examples are presented in order to more fully illustrate certain embodiments of the invention. However, they should not be considered as limiting the broad scope of the invention. SECTION OF EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS
EXAMPLE 1
Effect of Selective Androcene Receptor Modulators
(SARMS) in individuals with kidney diseases in terminal stages
Tested Compounds: The following compounds that are AR binders with potent affinity of binding, which exhibit selective tissue androgenic and anabolic effects, and oral bioavailability, will be examined in their effects on end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Compound V:
Compound VI:
Compound X:
Compound XI:
Compound XVI:
Compound XVII
XVII
Compound XVIII:
xvra
Compound XX:
The compounds will be synthesized and characterized, as described for example in U.S. patent applications serial numbers 10 / 277,108, 10 / 270,732 and 10 / 371,155 all of which are incorporated herein by reference. For example the process for preparing a SARM compound represented by the structure of the formula (I)
with substituents such as those described herein, may comprise the step of coupling an amide of the formula (XXII)
in which Z, Y, Ri and T are as defined above and L is a starting group. with a compound of the formula
(XXIII)
where Q and X are as defined above. In one embodiment the amide of formula XXII is prepared by means of the following steps: a) preparing a carboxylic acid of formula XXV by opening a ring of a cyclic compound of formula XXIV:
wherein L, R-y and T are as defined above, Ti is O or NH, and b) reacting an amine of formula XXVI:
XXVI wherein Z and Y are as defined above with the carboxylic acid of the formula XXV in the presence of a coupling reagent to produce an amide of the formula XXI I.
(???) In one embodiment step (a) is carried out in the presence of H Br. In a mode in which the compound XXV of step (A) is reacted with a coupling agent before the step (b) In another modality the process to prepare the MRSA comm:
can understand the stages of: a) reacting a ring of the formula:
in which L, R-i are as defined above, and T-, is O or NH with a compound of
to produce a compound of the formula:
b) opening the ring of the compound produced to produce a compound of the formula:
in which Ri, T, X Q are how they are defined before; and c) coupling the carboxylic acid of the compound (b) amide of the formula:
XXVI
wherein Z and Y are as defined above, in the presence of a coupling reagent, to produce the desired MRSA compound. For example, compound XVI was prepared as follows:
(2R) -1-methacryloylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid. D-Proline, 14.93 g, 0.13 mol) were dissolved in 71 mL of 2 N NaOH and cooled in a water bath; The resulting alkaline solution was diluted with acetone (71 mL). A solution of acetone (71 mL). A solution of acetone (71 mL) of methacryloyl chloride (13.56 g, 0.13 mol) and 2N NaOH solution (71 mL) were added simultaneously for 40 min to the aqueous solution of D-proline in an ice bath. The pH of the mixture was maintained at 10-11 ° C during the addition of methacryloyl chloride. After stirring (3 h, room temperature), the mixture was evaporated in vacuo at a temperature at 35-45 ° C to remove the acetone. The resulting solution was washed with ethyl ether and acidified to a pH of 2 with concentrated HCl. The acid mixture was saturated with NaCl and extracted with EtOAc (100 mL x 3). The combined extracts were dried over Na2SO4, filtered through Celite, and evaporated in vacuo to give the crude product as a colorless oil. Recrystallization of the ethyl ether oil and hexanes gave 16.2 (68%) of the desired compound as colorless crystals: m.p. 102-103 ° C (lit. [214] p.f. 102.5-103.5 ° C); the spectrum showed the existence of two rotamers of the title compound. 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 5.28 (s) and 5.15 (s) for the first
rotamer, 5.15 (s) and 5.03 (s) for the second rotamer (in total 2H for both rotamers, vinyl CH2), 4.48-4.44 for the first rotamer, 4.24-4.20 (m) for the second rotamer (in total 1H for both rotamers, CH at the chiral center), 3.57-3.38 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.27-2.12 (1H, CH), 1.97-1.72 (m, 6H, CH2, CH, Me); 13C NMR (75 MHz , DMSO-de) d for the main rotamer 173.3, 169.1, 140.9, 116.4, 58.3, 48.7, 28.9, 24.7, 19.5: for the rotamer minus 174.0, 170.0, 141.6, 115.2, 60.3, 45.9, 31.0, 22.3, 19.7; IR (KBr) 3437 (OH), 1737 (C = 0), 1647 (CO, COOH), 1584, 1508, 1459, 1369, 1348, 1178 cm "1; [a] D26 + 80.8 ° (c = 1, MeOH); Analysis calculated for C9H13N03: C 59.00, H 7.15, N 7.65, Found C 59.13, H 7.19, N 7.61.
(3R, 8aR) -3-Bromomethyl-3-methyl-tetrahydro-pyrrolo [2,1-, 4] oxazine-1,4-dione. A solution of NBS (23.5g, 0.132 mol) in 100 mL of DMF was added dropwise to a stirred solution of (methyl-acryloyl) -pyrrolidine (16.1g, 88 mmol) in 70 mL of DMF under argon at room temperature , and the resulting mixture was stirred 3 days. The solvent was removed in vacuo and a yellow solid precipitated. The solid was suspended in water, stirred overnight at room temperature, filtered and dried to give 18.6 (81%) (minor weight on drying ~ 34%) of the title compound as a yellow solid: mp 152-154 ° C (lit. [214] mp 107-109 ° C for the S-isomer); RMN H
(300 MHz, DMSO-d6) d 4.69 (dd, J = 9.6 Hz, J = 6.7 Hz, 1H, CH at the chiral center), 4.02 (d, 7 = 11.4 Hz, 1H, CHHa), 3.86 (d, J = 11.4 Hz, 1H, CHHb), 3.53-3.24 (m, 4H, CH2), 2.30-2.20 (m, 1H, CH), 2.04-1.72 (m, 3H, CH2 and CH), 1.56 (s, 2H , Me); 13 C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-d 6) d 167.3, 163.1, 83.9, 57.2, 45.4, 37.8, 29.0, 22.9, 21.6; IR (KBr) 3474, 1745 (C = 0), 1687 (C = 0), 1448, 1377, 1360, 1308, 1227, 1159, 1062cm "1; [a] D26 + 24.5 ° (c = 1.3, chloroform); Analysis calculated for C9H12BrN03: C 41.24, H 4.61, N 5.34, Found: C 41.46, H 4.64, N 5.32.
-3-bromo-2-idroxy-2-methyl propanoic acid
(2R) -3-Bromo-2-hydroxy-2-methyl propanoic acid. A mixture of bromolactone (18.5g, 71 mmol) in 300 ml_ of 24% HBr was heated to reflux for 1 h. The resulting solution was diluted with brine (200 mL), and extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL x 4). The combined extracts were washed with NaHCO3 (100 mL x 4). The solution was acidified with concentrated HCl at pH = 1, which in turn was extracted with ethyl acetate (100 mL x 4). The combined organic solution was dried over Na 2 SO 4, filtered through Celite, and evaporated in vacuo to dryness. Recrystallization from toluene afforded 10.2 g (86%) of the desired compound as colorless crystals: m.p. 107-109 ° C (lit. [214] p.p. 109- 113 ° C for the S-isomer); 1 H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d 6) d 3.63 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, 1H, CHH8),
3. 52 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, 1H, CHHb), 1.35 (s, 3H, Me); Rl (KBr) 3434 (OH), 3300-2500 (COOH), 1730 (C = 0), 1449, 1421, 1380, 1292, 1193, 1085 cm "1; [a] D26 + 10.5 ° (c = 2.6, MeOH); Analysis calculated for C4H7Br03: C 26.25, H 3.86, Found: C 26.28, H 3.75.
() -3-bromo-2-hydroxy-2-methyl propanoic acid
Synthesis of propanamide (2R) -3-bromo-N- [4-cyano-3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2-methyl. Thionium chloride (46.02 g, 0.39 mol) was added dropwise to a cold solution (less than 4 ° C) of R-121 (51.13 g, 0.28 mol) in 300 mL of TF under an argon atmosphere, the mixture The resulting mixture was stirred for 3 h under the same conditions. To this was added Et3N (39.14 g, 0.39 mol) and stirred for 20 minutes under the same conditions. After 20 min, 5-amino-2-cyanobenzotrifluoride (40.0 g, 0.21 mol), 400 mL of TF were added and then the mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to give a solid which was treated with 300 mL of H20, extracted with EtOAc (2 X 400 mL). The organic extracts were washed with saturated NaHCO 3 solution (2 X 300 mL) and brine (300
mL). The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to give a solid which was purified by column chromatography using CH2Cl2 / EtOAc (80:20) to give a solid. This solid was recrystallized from CH2Cl2 / hexane to give 55.8 g (73.9%) of (2R) -3-bromo-N- [4-cyano-3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2-methyl propanamide as light yellow solid. 1H-NMR (CDCl3 / TMS) d 1.66 (s, 3H, CH5), 3.11 (s, 1? OH), 3.63 (d, 7 = 10.8 Hz, 1H, CH2), 4.05 (d, J = 10.8 Hz, 1H, CHJ, 7.85 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H, ArH), 7.99 (dd, J = 2.1, 8.4 Hz, 1H, ArH), 8.12 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H, ArH), 9.04 ( bs, 1 ?, NH), calculated mass: 349.99, [MH] "349.0, pf .: 124-126 ° C.
propanamide of (2R) -3-bromo-N- [4-cyano-. ,. . " , ",. - propanamide of (S) -N-C4-cyano-3-Ctnfluorome
3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl -2-hydroxy-2-methyl T! . _, phenyl) -3- (4-cyanophenoxy) -2-hydroxy-2-methyl
Synthesis of propanamide of (S) -N- (4-cyano-3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) -3- (4-cyanophenoxy) -2-hydroxy-2-methyl. A mixture of bromoamide ((2R) -3-Bromo-N- [4-cyano-3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2-methyl, 50 g, 0.14 mol), anhydrous K2C03 (59.04 g, 0.43 mol), 4-cyanophenol (25.44 g, 0.21 mol) in 500 mL of 2-propanol was heated to reflux for 3 h and then concentrated under reduced pressure to give a solid. The resulting residue was treated with 500 mL of H20 and then extracted with EtOAc (2 X 300 mL). The combined EtOAc extracts were washed with
% NaOH (4 X 200 ml_) and brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4 and then concentrated under reduced pressure to give an oil which was treated with 300 ml of ethanol and activated carbon. The reaction mixture was heated at reflux for 1 h and then the hot mixture was filtered through Celite. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to give an oil. This oil was purified by column chromatography using CH2Cl2 / EtOAc (80:20) to give an oil which was crystallized from CH2Cl2 / hexane to give 33.2 g (59.9%) of propanamide (S) -N- (4-cyano) -3- (trifluoromethyl) phenyl) -3- (4-cyanophenoxy) -2-hydroxy-2-methyl as a colorless solid (a type of cotton). 1H-NMR (CDCIs / TMS) d 1.63 (s, 3H, CH5), 3.35 (s, 1? OH), 4.07 (d, J = 9.04 Hz, 1H, CH), 4.51 (d, J = 9.04 Hz, 1H, CH), 6.97-6.99 (m, 2? ArH), 7.57-7.60 (m, 2? ArH), 7.81 (d, J = 8.55 Hz, 1 H.ArH), 7.97 (dd, J = 1.95, 8.55 Hz, 1H, ArH), 8.12 (d, J = 1.95 Hz, 1H, ArH), 9.13 (bs, 1? NH). Calculated mass: 389.10, [MH] "388.1.PF: 92-94 ° C ESRD model: The rat partial nephrectomy model and the rat remnant kidney model (RRKM) are used as described (Vukicevic, et al. al. (1987) J. Bone Mineral Res.2: 533) Male rats (2-3 months old, weighing approximately 140-200g) undergo unilateral nephrectomy (either in the left or right kidney). After about a week, 2/3 of the remaining kidney is removed surgically, immediately after surgery, creatinine
Plasma and BUN levels increase dramatically due to loss of mass and renal function. During the following weeks, the water phase, plasma creatinine and BUN levels of the surviving animals declined towards normal but remained elevated. Renal function then appeared to remain relatively constant or stable for a period of varying duration. After this point, the animals enter a period of chronic renal failure in which there is an essentially linear decline in renal function ending in death. As surgical controls, the additional rats undergo a "sham" operation in which they are de-encapsulated but renal tissue is not removed. Effect of treatment on ESRD The nephrectomized and sham-operated rats are maintained for approximately 5-6 months after surgery, a point at which the animals have presented chronic renal failure. The rats are then divided into groups including controls, which do not receive treatment or placebo, those receiving the respective compounds and erythropoietin. All drugs were administered to the animals in the form of freshly prepared solutions in polyethylene glycol 300 (PEG 300). The compounds are supplied in osmotic pumps, which are implanted subdurally in the animals. After 14 days of treatment, the rats are weighed, anesthetized and sacrificed. The
Osmotic pumps are also removed from the animals to verify the correct operation of the pump. Morality is determined as well as serum creatinine and / or urea levels, therapeutic effects correlate with reduced mortality and / or serum levels compared to controls. The tissue of the kidneys is processed for histological observation, in order to determine the effects of the glomerular histology of treatment. In particular, the incidence or reduction of glomerular sclerosis and cycle collapse, scattered sclerosis and microaneurysms are determined. Another model of chronic renal failure is the use of rats subjected to partial nephrectomies and allowed to recover for approximately two weeks after surgery before initiating therapy. At this point, the surviving animals are beyond the phase of renal failure and have not yet entered the stage of chronic renal failure. The rats are similarly divided into groups and treated as described above. The serum and creatinine levels are determined in a simulated manner, as well as the tissue samples to determine the maintenance or maintenance of the glomeruli, and the proximal / distal tubular structures. EXAMPLE 2 Treatment with MRSA of individuals with ulcers or skin burns
To determine if the compounds of this invention are useful for treating wounds and / or skin burns. Representative compounds such as those in Example 1 are prepared as a topical formulation and in another embodiment an intravenous formulation. Patients with ulcers or skin burns are examined. In wounded individuals, wounds may be debrided and MRSA applied topically, or standard therapy including wound antiseptics and chemotherapies may be administered, and MRSA is provided orally or intravenously. In individuals with ulcers or skin burns, MRSA can be applied topically, or intravenously as described, alone or in combination with other therapies, such as antibiotics, growth factors, etc. The MRSA treatment can be repeated over time and a shallow evaluation of the site of the wound or burn is made, the pain is determined. Other parameters evaluated may include the determination of the percentage body weight loss, and loss of muscle mass. Another group of individuals may include those who received high-calorie diets and proteins that could include vitamin and mineral supplements. Standard animal models of burns and / or wounds can also be evaluated in this context. For example, Sprague-Sawley rats were evaluated with a contact burn
standard (10% TBSA). On day 3, they are cut and infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus at 5.0 x 105 cfu / ml. The animals were then divided into treatment groups and treated as described. EXAMPLE 3 Treatment of subjects with spinal cord damage with MRSA The animal models of spinal cord damage are evaluated as follows: female guinea pigs (Hartley strain) adult female (approximately 400 g) before surgery they were anesthetized with ketoma / zilizine by conventional methods (Borgens et al (2002) J. Exp. Biol.205, 1-12) after surgery they were kept warm with lamps, and kept individually in cages and fed ad libidum The animals were euthanized and at the end of the study, before harvesting the spinal cords for anatomical study by means of an overdose of anesthesia (see Borgens et al (2002) J. Exp. Biol. 205, 1-12). A procedure of laminectomy that exposes the dorsal area of the spinal cord is performed in all animals between T9 and T11. A right lateral hemisection is performed, and it is confirmed that it is "competa" (without leaving parenquemia) when passing a sharp pin through the cut tissue. This operation cuts the entire right side of the cord from the middle to the right edge of the spinal cord that forms a rostral and causal segment. The total right side
of the spinal cord is left intact. Immediately after the transection, a marker device made of surgical stainless steel is inserted into the lesion, as previously described by Borgens et al. (1986) J. Comp. Neurol 250, 168-180 and Borgens and Bohnert (1997) Exp. Neurol. 145, 376-389, which is left in situ throughout the study, and removed prior to histological processing. This procedure leaves a hole in the tissue, which precisely marks the exact plane of the transaction even in the case of chronic damage of many months of age. In addition, individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) can be treated experimentally with MRSA. Human studies have shown that central neurotransmitters can be altered after SCI and thus cause a malfunction of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adernal axis, leading to a reduction in the levels of testosterone and other hormones. In addition, the effect of SCI or other water or trauma disease characteristically includes elevated catabolism in conjunction with reduced reduced anabolic activity resulting in a condition that tends to lose lean body tissue. As long as the catabolic process remains uninterrupted, the use of disturbed nutrients can continue. The effects of lean body mass loss can include the development of wounds and a damaged healing mechanism. Due to poor nutrition and low protein level combined with immobilization, patients
with injuries in the spinal cord have a large risk of developing pressure injuries. As described in example 2, MRSA are useful for treating wounds, increasing muscle mass and decreasing cachexia, so that MRSA treatment in SCI subjects will be evaluated and their effect under these conditions will be determined. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to what has been shown and described in particular. Rather, the scope of the invention is defined by the following claims.
Claims (4)
- CLAIMS 1. A method for treating an individual suffering from, or predisposed to a disease or disorder of the kidney, comprising the step of administering to the individual a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM) compound.
- 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of formula I: I in which: G is O or S; X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; T is OH, OR, ÑHCOCH3, or NHCOR Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R , OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by the structure R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CF35CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; and R, is CH3, CH2F, CHF2) CF3, CH2CH3l or CF2CF3.
- 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the compound is represented by the structure of formula II: II in which: X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I ', Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHS02CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH.
- 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein X The method according to claim 3, wherein Y is CF3. 6. The method according to claim 3, wherein Z is N02. The method according to claim 3, wherein Z is CN. 8. The method according to claim 3, wherein Q is halogen. 9. The method according to claim 3, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is F or Cl. The method according to claim 3, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is CN. 11. The method according to claim 3, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is Cl and Q is CN. The method of claim 1, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of formula III: m wherein X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O or S; Ri is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3 > or CF2CF3; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; A is a ring selected from: B is a ring selected from: wherein A and B can not simultaneously be a benzene ring; Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; and Q2 independently from each other are a hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3 > NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSRNHS02CH3; NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, Q3 and Q4 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R or SR; Wi is O, NH, NR, NO or S; and W2 is N or NO. The method of claim 1, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of formula IV: IV wherein X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O b S; T is OH, OR, -NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; R is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3; R2 is F, Cl, Br, I, CH3, CF3, OH, CN, N02, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, alkyl, arylalkyl, OR, NH2, NHR, NR2, SR; R3 is F, Cl, Br, I, CN, N02, COR, COOH, CONHR, CF3, Sn (R) 3, or (R) 3 together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system depicted For the structure: Z is N02, CN, COR, COOH, or CONHR; And it is CF3, F, Br, Cl, I, CN, or Sn (R) 3; Q is H, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH 3). NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R, OH, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: n is an integer of 1-4; and m is an integer of 1-3. The method of claim 13, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of the formula 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of the formula administration consists in administering a pharmaceutical composition containing the SARM and / or an analogue, derivative, isomer, metabolite, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, pharmaceutical product, hydrate, N-oxide, or any combination thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The method of claim 16, wherein the administration consists of injecting the pharmaceutical composition in liquid form intravenously, intraarterially or intramuscularly; implant subcutaneously in that individual a pellet containing the pharmaceutical composition, orally administering to the individual the pharmaceutical composition in a liquid or solid form; or topically applying the pharmaceutical composition to the surface of the skin of the individual. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a pellet, a tablet, a capsule, a solution, a suspension, an emulsion, an elixir, a gel, a cream, a suppository or a parenteral formulation. 19. A method for treating an individual suffering from a wound, or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a wound in an individual, comprising the step of administering to the individual, a Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator Compound (MRSA). 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the compound MRSA is represented by the structure of formula I: in which: G is O or S; X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R , OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF35CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; and is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3. The method of claim 20, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of formula II: ? wherein: X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3l NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHS02CH3, NHS02R, OR , COR, OCOR, OS02R, SOzR, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein X is O. 23. The method according to claim 21, wherein Y is CF3. 24. The method according to claim 21, wherein Z is N02. 25. The method according to claim 21, wherein Z is CN. 26. The method according to claim 21, wherein Q is halogen. 27. The method according to claim 21, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is F or Cl. The method according to claim 21, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is CN. 29. The method according to claim 21, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is Cl and Q is CN. 30. The method of claim 19, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of formula III: ?? wherein X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O or S; Ri is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; A is a ring selected from: B is a ring selected from: wherein A and B can not simultaneously be a benzene ring; Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3I F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q and Q2 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHSO2CH3; NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR, Q3 and Q4 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R or SR; Wi is O, NH, NR, NO or S; and W2 is N or NO. 31. The method of claim 19, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of formula IV: IV wherein X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O or S; T is OH, OR, -NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; R ^ is CH3, CH2F, CHF2 > CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3; R2 is F, Cl, Br, I, CH3, CF3, OH, CN, N02, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, alkyl, arylalkyl, OR, NH2, NHR, NR2, SR; R3 is F, Cl, Br, I, CN, N02, COR, COOH, CONHR, CF3, Sn (R) 3, or (R) 3 together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system depicted For the structure: Z is N02, CN, COR, COOH, or CONHR; And it is CF3, F, Br, Cl, I, CN, or Sn (R) 3; Q is H, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3 , NHS02R, OH, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: n is an integer of 1-4, and m is an integer of 1-3. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of the formula 33. The method of claim 31, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of the formula 34. The method of claim 19, wherein the administration comprises administering a pharmaceutical composition containing the SARM and / or an analog, derivative, isomer, metabolite, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, pharmaceutical product, hydrate, N-oxide, or any combination thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, 35. The method of claim 34, wherein the administration consists of injecting intravenously, intraarterially or intramuscularly the individual the pharmaceutical composition in liquid form; implant subcutaneously in that individual a pellet containing the pharmaceutical composition, orally administering to the individual the pharmaceutical composition in a form liquid or solid; or topically applying the pharmaceutical composition to the surface of the skin of the individual. 36. The method of claim 34, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a pellet, a tablet, a capsule, a solution, a suspension, an emulsion, an elixir, a gel, a cream, a suppository or a parenteral formulation. 37. A method for treating an individual suffering from a burn, or reducing the incidence of or mitigating the severity of, or improving or accelerating the healing of a burn in an individual, comprising the step of administering to the individual, a Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator Compound (MRSA). 38. The method of claim 37, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of formula I: in which: G is O or S; X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF35CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; and R is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3. 39. The method of claim 20, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of formula II: II in which: X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHS02CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3l aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH. 40. The method according to claim 39, wherein X is O. 41. The method according to claim 39, wherein Y is CF3. 42. The method according to claim 39, wherein Z is N02. 43. The method according to claim 39, wherein Z is CN. 44. The method according to claim 39, wherein Q is halogen. 45. The method according to claim 39, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is F or Cl. 46. The method according to claim 39, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is CN. 47. The method according to claim 39, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is Cl and Q is CN. 48. The method of claim 37, wherein the compound MRSA is represented by the structure of formula III: wherein X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O or S; Ri is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3 > or CF2CF3; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; A is a ring selected from: B is a ring selected from: in which A and B can not simultaneously be a ring of benzene; CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Qi and Q.2 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHS02CH3; NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR, Q3 and Q4 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R or SR; Wi is O, NH, NR, NO or S; and W2 is N or NO. 49. The method of claim 37, wherein the compound MRSA is represented by the structure of formula IV IV wherein X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O or S; T is OH, OR, -NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; R1 is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3; R2 is F, Cl, Br, I, CH3, CF3, OH, CN, N02, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, alkyl, arylalkyl, OR, NH2, NHR, NR2, SR; R3 is F, Cl, Br, I, CN, N02, COR, COOH, CONHR, CF3, Sn (R) 3, or (R) 3 together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system depicted For the structure: Z is N02, CN, COR, COOH, or CONHR; And it is CF3, F, Br, Cl, I, CN, or Sn (R) 3; Q is H, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3 , NHS02R, OH, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: n is an integer of 1-4; and m is an integer of 1-3. 50. The method of claim 49, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of the formula 51. The method of claim 50, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of the formula 52. The method of claim 37, wherein the administration consists of administering a pharmaceutical composition containing the SARM and / or an analog, derivative, isomer, metabolite, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, pharmaceutical product, hydrate, N-oxide, or any combination thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 53. The method of claim 52, wherein the administration consists of injecting intravenously, intraarterially or intramuscularly the individual the pharmaceutical composition into liquid form; implant subcutaneously in that individual a pellet containing the pharmaceutical composition, orally administering to the individual the pharmaceutical composition in a liquid or solid form; or topically applying the pharmaceutical composition to the surface of the skin of the individual. 54. The method of claim 52, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a pellet, a tablet, a capsule, a solution, a suspension, an emulsion, an elixir, a gel, a cream, a suppository or a parenteral formulation. 55. A method for treating an individual suffering from a spinal cord injury, comprising the step of administering to the individual, a selective androgen receptor modulator compound (SARM). The method of claim 55, wherein the compound MRSA is represented by the structure of formula I in which: G is O or S; a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3) NHCSR NHS02CH3, NHS02R , OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF35CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; and RT is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3. 57. The method of claim 56, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of formula II: II in (to which X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR, Z is N02, CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl , CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q is alkyl, halogen, CF3l CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHSO2CH3, NHSO2R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH. 58. The method according to claim 56, wherein X is O. 59. The method according to claim 56, wherein Y is CF3. 60. The method according to claim 56, wherein Z is N02. 61. The method according to claim 56, wherein Z is CN. 62. The method according to claim 56, wherein Q is halogen. 63. The method according to claim 56, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is F or Cl. 64. The method according to claim 56, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is CF3 and Q is CN. 65. The method according to claim 56, wherein X is O, Z is CN, Y is Cl and Q is CN. 66. The method of claim 55, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of formula III: ??? wherein X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O or S; R, is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3; T is OH, OR, NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; A is a ring selected from: B is a ring selected from: wherein A and B can not simultaneously be a benzene ring; CN, COOH, COR, NHCOR or CONHR; Y is CF3, F, I, Br, Cl, CN, C (R) 3 or Sn (R) 3; Q and Q2 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSRNHS02CH3; NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, Q3 and Q4 independently are hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHSO2CH3, NHS02R, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R or SR; Wi is O, NH, NR, NO or S; and W2 is N or NO. 67. The method of claim 55, wherein the compound MRSA is represented by the structure of formula IV: IV which X is a bond, O, CH2, NH, Se, PR, NO or NR; G is O or S; T is OH, OR, -NHCOCH3, or NHCOR; R is alkyl, haloalkyl, dihaloalkyl, trihaloalkyl, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CF2CF3, aryl, phenyl, halogen, alkenyl or OH; R, is CH3, CH2F, CHF2, CF3, CH2CH3, or CF2CF3; R2 is F, Cl, Br, I, CH3, CF3, OH, CN, N02l NHCOCH3l NHCOCF3, NHCOR, alkyl, arylalkyl, OR, NH2, NHR, NR2, SR; R3 is F, Cl, Br, I, CN, N02, COR, COOH, CONHR, CF3, Sn (R) 3, or (R) 3 together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system depicted For the structure: CN, COR, COOH, or CONHR; And it is CF3, F, Br, Cl, I, CN, or Sn (R) 3; Q is H, alkyl, halogen, CF3, CN, C (R) 3, Sn (R) 3, N (R) 2, NHCOCH3, NHCOCF3, NHCOR, NHCONHR, NHCOOR, OCONHR, CONHR, NHCSCH3, NHCSCF3, NHCSR NHS02CH3 , NHS02R, OH, OR, COR, OCOR, OS02R, S02R, SR; or Q together with the benzene ring to which it is attached is a fused ring system represented by structure A, B or C: A »C n is an integer of 1-4; and m is an integer of 1-3. 68. The method of claim 67, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of the formula 69. The method of claim 67, wherein the SARM compound is represented by the structure of the formula 70. The method of claim 55, wherein the administration consists of administering a pharmaceutical composition containing the SARM and / or an analogue, derivative, isomer, metabolite, pharmaceutically acceptable salt, pharmaceutical product, hydrate, N-oxide, or any combination thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 71. The method of claim 70, wherein the administration consists of injecting the pharmaceutical composition in liquid form intravenously, intraarterially or intramuscularly; implant subcutaneously in that individual a pellet containing the pharmaceutical composition, orally administering the pharmaceutical composition to the individual in a liquid or solid form; or topically applying the pharmaceutical composition to the surface of the skin of the individual. 72. The method of claim 70, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is a pellet, a tablet, a capsule, a solution, a suspension, an emulsion, an elixir, a gel, a cream, a suppository or a parenteral formulation.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US60/712,390 | 2005-08-31 |
Publications (1)
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MX2008002905A true MX2008002905A (en) | 2008-10-03 |
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