MX2007015110A - Compositions comrising nebivolol - Google Patents

Abstract

Nebivolol has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such hypertension, congestive heart failure, arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction. The present invention features a pharmaceutical composition comprising nebivolol and at least one other active agent, wherein the at least one other active agent is a cardiovascular agent.

Description

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING NEBIVOLOL This application corresponds to a continuation-in-part of the patent application of the U.S.A. Serial Number 11 / 141,235, filed May 31, 2005, which is based on and claims priority of the Provisional Patent Application of the U.S.A. Serial Number 60 / 577,423, by Eric Davis, John O'Donnell, Peter Bottini, filed June 4, 2004. Technical Field This invention relates to compositions comprising nebivolol and one or more other active agents. More particularly, this invention relates to compositions comprising nebivolol and one or more cardiovascular agents, for the treatment and / or prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Background of the Invention Hypertension is a major health concern in the United States, approximately 50 million Americans have high blood pressure defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP = systolic blood pressure) > 140 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP = diastolic blood pressure) > 90 mmHg. In addition, individuals with blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg or higher have an increased risk of developing hypertension and are considered to be in a "pre-hypertensive" state. The severity of hypertension is currently classified in stages, with stage 1 hypertension extending the blood pressure ranges from 140/90 to 159/99 mmHg and stage two including blood pressures of 60/100 mmHg. The onset of hypertension (diastolic alone or in combination with systolic) typically occurs between 25 and 55 years of age. The risk of developing hypertension increases more dramatically with increasing age. According to the CDC, 68.3% of men aged 65-74 have hypertension in the U.S.A. (Health United States, 2003, CDC / National Center for Health Statistics) and 70.7% of men over the age of 75 have hypertension in the U.S.A. (Health United States, 2003, CDC / National Center for Health Statistics). In addition, 73.4% of women aged 65-74 have hypertension in the U.S.A. (Health United States, 2003, CDC / National Center for Health Statistics) and 84.9% of women aged over 75 have hypertension in the United States. (Health United States, 2003, CDC / National Center for Health Statistics).

Pharmaceutical formulations are required that stimulate, agonize or potentiate the production of endothelial nitric oxide, particularly formulations that produce increased levels of nitric oxide in African-Americans. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one aspect, the present invention is characterized by a pharmaceutical composition comprising nebivolol and at least one other active agent. In a further embodiment, at least one of the active agents is a cardiovascular agent. In a further embodiment, the cardiovascular agent is at least selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors (angiotensin II converting enzyme inhibitors), ARB (angiotensin II receptor antagonists), adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, pheochromocytoma agents, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, anti-lipemic agents, anti-diabetics, anti-inflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents , renin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE interweaving disintegrators (advanced glycosylation end-product interlacing disintegrators, such as alagebrium, see USP 6,458,819), and AGE-forming inhibitors (advanced glycosylation end-product inhibiting inhibitors, such as pimagedin), and its mixtures. In one embodiment, the other cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor or an ARB. In a further embodiment, the other cardiovascular agent includes an ACE inhibitor and an ARB. In an additional mode, the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of: alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, trandolapril. In a further embodiment, the ACE inhibitor is enalapril, ramipril or ramiprilat. In a further embodiment, the other cardiovascular agent is an ARB selected from the group consisting of candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan, valsartan. In a further embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises an amount of nebivolol in the range between about 0.125 mg and approximately 40 mg. In a further embodiment, the amount of an ACE inhibitor may be in the range of from about 0.5 mg to about 80 mg, and / or the amount of ARB may be in the range of from about 1 mg to about 1200 mg. In a further embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises nebivolol and only another active agent. In a further embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition comprises nebivolol and only a cardiovascular agent. In a further embodiment, the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors (angiotensin II converting enzyme inhibitors), ARBs (angiotensin II receptor antagonists), adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, agents for pheochromocytoma, anti-aging agents. angina, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, anti-lipemic agents, anti-diabetics, anti-inflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG inhibitors Co-A reductase, inotropic agents, renin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE interweaving disintegrators (advanced glycosylation end-product interlacing disintegrators, such as alagebrium, see USP 6,458,819), and AGE-forming inhibitors (advanced glycosylation end-product inhibiting inhibitors, such as pimagedine). In a further embodiment, the active agent is an ACE inhibitor or an ARB. In another aspect, the present invention is characterized by a method for treating a subject for a cardiovascular disorder, comprising administering to the subject an effective amount of nebivolol in combination with at least one other cardiovascular agent. In a further embodiment, the cardiovascular disorder is selected from the group consisting of atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperchromocysteinemia, heart failure and renal failure. In another aspect, the present invention is characterized by a method for preventing a cardiovascular disorder comprising administering to a subject, an effective amount of nebivolol in combination with an effective amount of at least one other cardiovascular agent. In a further embodiment, the cardiovascular disorder is chosen from the group consisting of congestive heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial and cerebral infarctions, arteriosclerosis, atherogenesis, thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, post-angioplasty restenosis, coronary artery diseases, renal failure, stable, unstable and variant angina (Prinzmetal), cardiac edema, renal failure, edema nephrotic, hepatic edema, stroke, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, restenosis, blood pressure control in hypertension, platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, pulmonary edema and vascular complications associated with the use of devices doctors In another aspect, the present invention features a kit comprising an effective amount of nebivolol in combination with an effective amount of another cardiovascular agent. Although nebivolol has β-blocking properties, nebivolol is different from other β -blockers since it is highly effective at β 1 adrenergic receptors and also has vasodilatory effects related to its effect on endothelial nitric oxide. It is considered that nebivolol increases nitric oxide levels within the vascular endothelium through the nitric oxide-L-arginine pathway and has been shown to improve endothelial dysfunction and improve distensibility of blood vessels. Nebivolol has also been shown to have anti-oxidant characteristics that are favorable to the normal functioning of the vascular endothelium. These characteristics make nebivolol an effective antihypertensive agent with favorable effects on the vascular endothelium and cardiovascular system. Nebivolol has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, congestive heart failure, arterial rigidity and endothelial dysfunction. In part, the present invention is characterized by a composition comprising nebivolol and at least one other cardiovascular agent that is considered to work by a different mechanism and is to be used for treatment and / or prevention of vascular diseases characterized by insufficient nitric oxide. This invention also discloses a method for reducing mortality associated with cardiovascular disease in a black patient comprising administering to the black patient, a therapeutically effective amount of nebivolol or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and at least one other cardiovascular agent. This invention also relates to a method for improving the release of NO in a black patient that requires it, when administering to the black patient, a therapeutically safe and effective amount of nebivolol or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt and at least one other cardiovascular agent, sufficient to improve cardiovascular release. This invention further discloses a method for improving exercise tolerance or improving the quality of life in a black patient that requires it, which comprises administering to the black patient, a therapeutically effective amount of nebivolol or its pharmaceutically effective salt and at least one agent cardiovascular. These embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments and their features and features will be apparent from the description, drawings and claims below. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 illustrates a comparison of NO release of endothelial cells from black and white donors after chronic treatment with ramprilat followed by treatment with nebivolol (1 μM).

Figure 2 illustrates a comparison of the increase in 'NO' release of endothelial cells from black and white donors after chronic treatment with ramprilat followed by treatment with nebivolol (1M). Figure 3 illustrates comparison of NO release of endothelial cells from black and white donors after chronic treatment with enalapril followed by treatment with nebivolol (1M). Figure 4 illustrates a comparison of the increase in NO release of endothelial cells from black and white donors after chronic treatment with enalapril followed by treatment with nebivolol (1M). Detailed Description of the Invention Definitions For convenience, before further description of the present invention, certain terms used in the specification, examples and • appended claims, meet here. These definitions should be read in light of the rest of the description and understood by a person skilled in the art. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms here Employees have the same meaning as is commonly understood by a person with ordinary skill in the specialty. The articles "a" and "an" are used herein to refer to one or more than one (ie at least one) of the grammatical object of the article. By way of example "an element" means an element or more than one element. "Approximately at the same time" means that within about thirty minutes of administering a compound (nebivolol) to the patient, the other active compound (s) is administered to the patient. "Approximately at the same time" also includes simultaneous administration of the compounds. The phrase "angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor" or "ACE inhibitor" as used herein, refers to a compound that inhibits any enzyme that converts angiotensin to any other form. The phrase "angiotensin II receptor antagonist" or "ARB" refers to a compound that binds to a receptor site in angiotensin II but does not cause any physiological changes unless another receptor ligand is present. The term "antagonist" is recognized in the art and refers to a compound that binds to a receptor site, but does not cause a physiological change unless another receptor ligand is present. The term "bioavailable" is recognized in the art and refers to a form of the present invention that allows this or a portion of the administered amount to be absorbed by, incorporated into, or otherwise physiologically available to a subject or patient to whom it is administered. "Black" refers to a person of African descent or an African-American person but not necessarily limited to those of African origin (for example from the Caribbean). "Therapeutically effective amount" refers to the amount of the compound and / or composition that is effective to achieve its intended purpose. The phrase "cardiovascular agent" or "cardiovascular drug" refers to a therapeutic compound that is useful for treating or preventing cardiovascular disease. Non-limiting examples of suitable cardiovascular agents include ACE inhibitors (enzyme inhibitors that convert angiotensin II), ARB's (angiotensin II receptor antagonists), adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, pheochromocytoma agents, anti-angina agents, antiarrhythmics, agents antiplatelet, anticoagulant, antihypertensive, anti-lipemic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, agents inotropics, renin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE interweaving disintegrators (advanced glycosylation end-product interlacing disintegrators, such as alagebrium, see USP 6.4 * 58.819), and inhibitors of AGE formation (inhibitors of product formation end of advanced glycosylation, such as pimagedin), and combinations thereof. "Cardiovascular disorder" refers to any cardiovascular disease or disorder known in the art, including but not limited to when cardiovascular disease is selected from the group consisting of congestive heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial infarction and brain, arteriosclerosis, atherogenesis , thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, post-angioplasty restenosis, coronary artery diseases, renal failure, stable angina, unstable and variant (Prinzmetal), cardiac edema, renal failure, nephrotic edema, hepatic edema, stroke, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, restenosis, blood pressure control in hypertension, platelet adhesion, aggregation of platelets, proliferation of smooth muscle cells, pulmonary edema and vascular complications associated with the use of medical devices. The disease or cardiovascular disorder refers to any cardiovascular disease or disorder known in the art, including but not limited to, wherein the cardiovascular disease is selected from the group consisting of congestive heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial infarction and cerebral, arteriosclerosis, atherogenesis, thrombosis, ischemic heart failure, post-angioplasty restenosis, coronary artery diseases, renal failure, stable angina, unstable and variant (Prinzmetal), cardiac edema, renal failure, nephrotic edema, hepatic edema, stroke, transient ischemic attacks, strokes, restenosis, blood pressure control in hypertension, platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, pulmonary edema and vascular complications associated with the use of medical devices. The term "combination" refers to two or more different active agents that are administered at about the same time (for example where the active agents are in a single pharmaceutical preparation) or at different times (for example one agent is administered before the other to the subject). The terms "drug", "pharmaceutically active agent", "bioactive agent", therapeutic agent "and" active agent "can be used interchangeably and refer to a substance, such as a compound or chemical complex, which has an effect physiological beneficial to be measured in the body, such as a therapeutic effect in the treatment of a disease or disorder, when administered in an effective amount.In addition, when these terms are employed, or when a particular active agent is specifically identified by name or category, it is understood that said description is intended to include the active agent per se, as well as its pharmaceutically acceptable, pharmacologically active derivatives, or compounds significantly related thereto, including without limitation, salts, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, N-oxides, prodrugs, active metabolites, isomers, fragments, analogs, solvates, hydrates, radioisotopes, etc. The phrase "effective amount" refers to the amount of a substance that produces some desired local or systemic effect at a reasonable benefit / risk ratio applicable to any treatment. The effective amount of said substance will vary depending on the condition of the subject and the condition of the disease to be treated, the weight and age of the subject, the severity of the condition of the disease, the form of administration and the like, which can be easily determined by a person with dexterity. in the technique. "Endothelial dysfunction" refers to the capacity in any physiological processes that are carried out by the endothelium, in particular production of nitric oxide regardless of the cause. It can be evaluated by, such as for example invasive techniques, such as for example coronary artery reactivity to acetylcholine or methacholine and the like, or by non-invasive techniques, such as for example blood flow measurements, dilation of brachial artery flow using arm cuff occlusion above and below the elbow, brachial artery ultrasonography, imaging techniques, measurement of circulating biomarkers, such as asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA = asymmetric dimethylarginine) and the like. For the latter, the measurement of endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation will be lower in patients diagnosed with endothelial dysfunction. The phrase "tapesa-nitric oxide endothelial" or "eNOS" refers to enzymes that produce nitric oxide. The phrase "nebivolol composition" refers to a composition comprising nebivolol and both are used interchangeably. Nebivolol is a mixture of d and / 1 isomers of a, a '[iminobismethylene] bis [6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-l-benzopyran-2-methanol]. The composition may include at least one other cardiovascular agent or at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or both. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salts" is recognized in the art and refers to the relatively non-toxic organic and inorganic acid addition salts of compounds, including for example those contained in compositions of the present invention. The term "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" is recognized in the art and refers to a pharmaceutically acceptable material, composition or carrier such as a filler, diluent, excipient, solvent or liquid or solid encapsulating material, involved in transporting or carrying any composition of the material or its component from one organ or portion of the body to another organ or portion of the body. Each carrier must be acceptable in the sense of • being compatible with the present composition and. its components and not be harmful to the patient. Some examples of materials that can serve as pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include: (1) sugars, such as lactose, glucose and sucrose; (2) starches such as corn starch and potato starch; (3) cellulose, and its derivatives, such as carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate; (4) powdered tragacanth; (5) malt; (6) gelatin; (7) talc; (8) excipients such as cocoa butter and waxes for suppositories; (9) oils, such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, safflower oil, oil sesame, olive oil, corn oil and soybean oil; (10) glycols, such as propylene glycol; (11) polyols, such as glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol and polyethylene glycol; (12) esters, such as ethyl oleate and ethyl laurate; (13) agar; (14) damping agents such as magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide; (15) alginic acid; (16) pyrogen-free water; (17) isotonic saline; (18) IV fluids, including but not limited to Ringer's solution, dextrose in 5% water and semi-normal saline; (19) ethyl alcohol; (20) sulfate buffer solutions; and (21) other non-toxic compatible substances employed in pharmaceutical formulations. "Patient" refers to animals, preferably mammals, more preferably humans and include men and women. "Quality of life" refers to any one or more of a person's ability to walk, climb stairs, do homework, work at home, participate in recreational activities and / or do not require rest during the day and / or absence of sleep problems or lack of breathing. The term "prophylactic treatment" or "therapeutic" is recognized in the art and refers to to the administration to the host of one more of the present compositions. If it is administered before the clinical manifestation of the unwanted condition (for example of disease or other unwanted state of the host animal) then the treatment is prophylactic, ie protects the host against the development of the undesired condition, whereas if it is administered afterwards of the manifestation of the undesired condition, the treatment is therapeutic (that is, it is intended to diminish to improve or maintain the existing undesired condition or its side effects). The term "structure-activity relationship" or "(SAR)" is recognized in the art and refers to the way in which the molecular structure of a drug or other compound that alters its interaction with a receptor is altered, enzyme, nucleic acid, or other objective and the like. It will be understood that "substitution" or "substituted" includes the implicit condition that said substitutions in accordance with the permitted valency of the substituted atom and the substituent and that the substitution results in a stable compound, for example that does not spontaneously undergo transformation such as by rearrangement, cyclization, elimination or another reaction. The term "substituted" is also contemplated to include all permissible substituents of organic compounds. In a broad aspect, the permissible substituents include acyclic and cyclic, branched and unbranched, carbocyclic and heterocyclic, aromatic and non-aromatic substituents of organic compounds. Exemplary substituents include, for example, those described above. The permissible substituents may be one or more and the same or different for suitable organic compounds. For purposes of this invention, heteroatoms such as nitrogen may have hydrogen substituents and / or any permissible substituents of organic compounds described herein that satisfy the valences of the heteroatoms. This invention is not intended to be limited in any way by the permissible substituents of organic compounds. The term "synthetic" is recognized in the art and refers to production by chemical synthesis in vi tro or enzymatic. The phrase "therapeutic effect" is recognized in the art and refers to a local effect or systemic in animals, particularly in mammals and more particularly in humans, caused by the pharmacologically active substance. The term in this manner means any substance intended to be used in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of the disease or in the improvement of desirable physical or mental development and / or conditions in an animal or human. The phrase "therapeutically effective amount" means that amount of a substance that produces some desired local or systemic effect at a reasonable benefit / risk ratio applicable to any treatment. The therapeutically effective amount of said substance will vary depending on the condition of the disease and the subject to be treated, the weight and age of the subject, the severity of the disease condition, the manner of administration and the like, which can be easily determined by a person with ordinary skill in the art. The term "treating" is recognized in the art and refers to curing as well as improving at least one symptom of any condition or disease. Nebivolol Nebivolol is a blocking drug ß- receptor that is a mixture of d- and 1 -enic thomers of which d- is a β-antagonist? highly selective receiver. íf-ne ivolol / -nebivolol In addition to its blocking properties of / ^ - receptor, nebivolol has been shown to cause endothelium-dependent vasodilation in both normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Cockcroft JR, Chowienczyk PJ, Brett SE, Chen CP, Dupont AG, Nueten LV, Wooding SJ, Ritter JM., Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1995; 274: 1067-1071; Tzemos N, Lim PO, MacDonald TM., Circulation, 2001; 104: 511-514; Breeders MA, Doevendans PA, BC Bekkers, Bronsaer 1 ', van Gorsel E, Heemskerk JW, Egbrink MG, van Breda E, Renoman RS, van Der Zee R., Circulation 2000; 102: 677-684. Bowman, A.J., CPL-H Chen, GA Ford. Br. J. CHn. Pharmac. 1994; 38: 199-204. In experimental models, nebivolol has been shown to stimulate the release of NO through NO production mediated by β2-adrenergic receptor and / or ATP efflux with consequent stimulus of NO release mediated by P2Y-purinoreceptor. Broeders MA, Doevendans PA, Bekkers BC, Bronsaer 1 ', van Gorsel E, Heemskerk JW, Egbrink MG, van Breda E, Renoman RS, van Der Zee R., Circulation, 2000; 102: 677-684; Kalinowski 1, Dobrucki LW, Szczepanska-Konkel M,. Jankowski M, Martyniec 1, Angielski S, Malinski T., Circulation, 2003; 107: 2747-2752. It has also been reported that nebivolol inhibits the decoupling of NO synthase and produces systemic antioxidant effects. Mollnau H, Schulz E, Daiber A, Baldus S, Oelze M, August M, Wendt M, Walter U, Geiger C, Agrawal 1 ', Kleschyov AL, Meinertz T, Thomas Münzel T., Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2003; 23: 615-621; Troost 1 ', Schwedhelm E, Rojczyk S, Tsikas D, Frolich JC, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 2000; 50: 377-379.

Compositions Comprising Nebivolol In part, the present invention is characterized by compositions comprising nebivolol and at least one other active agent, wherein the at least one other active agent is a cardiovascular agent. The amount of each cardiovascular agent present in the compositions may vary depending on a variable amount such as age, weight, gender, and health related aspects. In general, the doses of the cardiovascular agents will generally be in the range of about 0.01 ng to about 10 g of body weight, specifically in the range of about 1 ng to about 0.1 g per kg, and more specifically in the range of about 100 ng to approximately 10 mg per kg. In another embodiment, the amount of nebivolol in the compositions of the present invention can be anywhere from about 0.125 mg a. approximately 40 mg. In one example, when the other cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor, the amount of the ACE inhibitor can be anywhere from about 0.5 mg to about 80 mg. When the other cardiovascular agent is an ACE, the amount of ACE can be at any point of about 1 mg to about 1200 mg. The amount of the other cardiovascular agent will depend in part on the particular cardiovascular agent employed. In addition to ACE inhibitors and ARBs, additional cardiovascular agents include but are not limited to adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, pheochromocytoma agents, antiangin agents, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, anti-lipemic agents, antidiabetics, anti-inflammatory agents, channel blockers calcium, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelial receptor antagonists, HMG inhibitor Co-A reductase, inotropic agents, renin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, interlacing disintegrators AGE (interlacing disintegrators of advanced glycosylation end product, such as alagebrium, see USP 6,458,819), and inhibitors of AGE formulation (inhibitors of advanced glycosylation end product formation, such as pimagedin). Cardiovascular agents that fall into these general categories are exemplified by the following: "Enzymes That Convert Angiotensin I (ACE 's = Angiotensin I Converting Enzymes and Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (ABB' s = Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists) "The" Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (ABBs) are compounds that interfere with the activity of angiotensin II by binding to receptors. of angiotensin II and interfering with its activity Angiotensin I and angiotensin II are synthesized by the enzymatic renin-angiotensin pathway.The synthetic process begins when the renin enzyme acts on angiotensinogen, a pseudoglobulin in blood plasma, to produce the decapeptide angiotensin I Angiotensin I is converted by the enzyme that converts angiotensin (ACE) into angiotensin II (angiotensin octapeptide 1-8).) The latter is an active vasopressor substance that has been implicated as a causative agent in several forms of hypertension in various species of mammals, for example humans.Angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs) are well known and include posts peptides and non-peptide compounds. The majority of angiotensin II receptor antagonists are slightly modified congeners where the agonist activity is attenuated by replacement of phenylalanine in position 8 with some other amino acid; stability can be improved by other replacements that slow down in vivo degeneration. Examples of angiotensin II receptor antagonists include: peptide compounds (e.g., Saralasin and related analogues); N-substituted imidazole-2-one (U.S. Patent No. 5,087,634); imidazole acetate derivatives including 2-N-butyl-4-chloro-l- (2-chlorobenzyl) imidazole-5-acetic acid (see Long et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 247 (1), 1- 7 (1988)); 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-lH-imidazo [4, 5-c] pyridine-6-carboxylic acid and its derivative analogs (U.S. Patent Number 4,816,463); N2-tetrazole beta-glucuronide analogue (U.S. Patent No. 5,085,992); pyroles, pyrazoles, and substituted triazoles (U.S. Patent No. 5,081,127); phenol and heterocyclic derivatives such as 1,3-imidazole (U.S. Patent Number 5,073,566); - heterocycles with 7-membered imidaza-fused ring (U.S. Patent No. 5,064,825); peptides (e.g., U.S. Patent No. 4,772,684); angiotensin II antibodies (e.g., U.S. Patent No. 4,302,386); Y aralkyl imidazole compounds such as biphenyl-methyl substituted imidazoles (for example? P 253,310, Jan. 20, 1988); ES8891 (N-morpholinoacetyl- (1-naphthyl) -L-alanyl- (4, thiazolyl) -L-alanyl (35, 45) -4-amino-3-hydroxy-5-cyclohexapentanol-N-hexylamide, Sankyo Company, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan); SKF108566 (E-alpha-2- [2-butyl-1- (carboxy phenyl) methyl] -1H-imidazol-5-yl [methylan] -2-thiophenepropanoic acid, Smith Kline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Pa.); Losartan (DUP753 / MK954, DuPont Merck Pharmaceutical Company); Remiquirina ?? (R042-5892, F. Hoffman LaRoche A G); A2 agonists (Marion Merrill Dow) and certain non-peptide heterocycles (G. D. Searle and Company). Other non-limiting examples of ARBs include candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan, and valsartan. Other ARBs can be identified using standard assay techniques known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. "Angiotensin converting enzyme" (ACE = angiotensin converting enzyme) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II. ACE inhibitors include amino acids and their derivatives, peptides, including di and tri peptides and antibodies to ACE that are involved in the renin-angiotensin system by inhibiting ACE activity in this way by reducing or eliminating the formation of vasopressor substance angiotensin II. ACE inhibitors have been used medically to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction and kidney disease. Classes of compounds known to be useful as ACE inhibitors include acylmercapto and mercaptoalkanoyl prolines such as captopril (U.S. Patent Number 4,105,776) and zofenopril (U.S. Patent Nos. 4,316,906), carboxyalkyl dipeptides such as enalapril (U.S. Patent Number 4,374,829). ) and lisinopril (U.S. Patent Number 4,374,829) and quinapril (U.S. Patent Number 4,344,949) and ramipril (U.S. Patent Number 4,587,258) and perindopril (U.S. Patent Number 4,508,729), carboxyalkyl dipeptide mimics such as cilazapril (Patent U.S. Patent No. 4,512,924) and benazepril (U.S. Patent Number 4,410,520), phosphinilalcanoyl prolines such as fosinopril (U.S. Patent Number 4,337,201) and trandolapril. Other non-limiting examples of ACE inhibitors include but are not limited to alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, trandolapril. Adrenergic Blockers Non-limiting examples of both adrenergic and β-adrenergic blocking blockers which may be used in the compositions of the present invention include β-adrenergic receptor blockers include but are not limited to atenolol, acebutolol, alprenolol, befunolol, betaxolol, bunitrolol, carteolol, celiprolol, hedroxalol, indenolol, labetalol, levobunolol, mepindolol, metipranol, metindol, metoprolol, metrizoranolol, oxprenolol, pindolol, propranolol, practolol, sotalolnadolol, tiprenolol, tolamolol, timolol, bupranolol, penbutolol, trimepranol, yohimbine, 2- (3 - (1,1-dimethylethyl) -amino-2-hydroxypropoxy) -3-pyridenecarbonitrile HCl, l-butylamino-3- (2,5-dichlorophenoxy) -2-propanol, l-isopropylamino-3- (4- (2- cyclopropylmethoxyethyl) phenoxy) -2-propanol, 3-sopropylamino-1- (7-methylindane-4-yloxy) -2-butanol, 2- (3-7'-butylamino-2-hydroxy-propylthio) -4- ( -carbamoyl-2-thienyl) thiazole, 7- (2-hydroxy-3-7 '-butylaminpropoxy) phthalide. The compounds previously identified can be used as isomeric mixtures, or in their respective levorotatory or dextrorotatory form. Adrenergic Agonists Non-limiting examples of both adrenergic agonists and adrenergic agonists which can be used in the compositions of the present invention include adrafinil, adrenaline, albuterol, amidefrin, apraclonidine, bitolterol, budralazine, carbuterol, clenbuterol, clonidine, chlorprenaline, clonidine, cyclopentamine, denopamine, detomidine, dimetofrine, dioxetedrine, dipivefrin, dopexamine, ephedrine, epinephrine, etafedrine, ethylnorepinephrine, fenoterol, fenoxazoline, formoterol, guanabenz, guanfacine, hexoprenaline, hydroxyamfetamine, ibopamine, indanazoline, isoetarin, isometeptena, isoproterenol, mabuterol, mephentermine, metaproterenol, metaraminol, metizoline, methoxamine, methylhexaneamine, methoxyphenamine, midodrine, modafinil, moxonidine, naphazoline, norphenephrine, norpenephrine, octodrine, octopamine, oxyfedrine, oxymetazoline, phenylephrine hydrochloride, phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, phenylpropylmethylamine, foledrine, pirbuterol prenalterol, procaterol, propylhexedrine, protokylol, Pseudoephedrine, reproterol, rilmenidine, rimiterole, ritodrine, salmeterol, solterenol, synephrine, talipexol, terbutaline, tetrahydrozoline, tiamenidine, • tramazoline, Tretoquinol, tuaminoheptane, tulobuterol, you azoline, tyramine, xamoterol, xylometazoline and mixtures thereof. Agents for Feochromocytoma These include but are not limited to chemotherapeutics. Antianginal Agents Include but are not limited to amlodipine besylate, amlodipine maleate, betaxolol hydrochloride, bevantolol hydrochloride, butoprozin hydrochloride, carvedilol, cinepazet maleate, metoprolol succinate, molsidomine, monatepil maleate, nitrates (including but not limited to glyceryl trinitrate (GTN , nitroglycerin, Nitro-Bid), isosorbide-5-mononitrate (5-ISMN, Ismo), amyl nitrate and nicorandil (Icorel)), primidolol, ranolazine hydrochloride, tosifen, verapamil hydrochloride). Rhythmic antibiotics Non-limiting examples of antiarrhythmics that can be used in the compositions of the present invention include acebutolol, acecainide, adenosine, ajmaline, alprenolol, amiodarone, amoproxan, aprindine, aprotinolol, atenolol, azimilide, bevantolol, bidisomide, bretylium tosylate, bucumolol, butetolol, bunaftine, bunitrolol, bupranolol, butidrine, hydrochloride, butobendin, capobenic acid, carazolol, carteolol, cifenlina, chloranolol, disopyramide, dofetilide, encainide, esmolol, flecainide, hydroquinidine, ibutilide, indecainide, indenolol, ipratropium bromide, lidocaine, lorajine, lorcainide, meobentin, mexiletine, moricizin, nadoxolol, nifenazol, oxprenolol, penbutolol, pentisomide, pilsicainide, pindolol, pirmenol, practolol, prajmaline, procainamide hydrochloride, pronetalol, propafenone, propranolol, pirinoline, quinidine, sematilide, sotalol, talinolol, tilisolol, timolol, tocainide, verapamil, viquidil, xibenolol and their mixtures. Antiplatelet Agents Non-limiting examples of anti platelet agents that can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include clopidogrel, dipyridamole, abciximab and ticlopidine. Anticoagulants Anticoagulant agents are agents that inhibit the route or route of coagulation by negative impact on the production, deposition, excision and / or activation of essential factors in the formation of a blood clot. Nonlimiting examples • anticoagulants (ie therapy related to coagulation) which may be used in the compositions of the present invention include Aggrenox, Agrilina, Amicar, Anturano, Arixtra, Coumadin, Fragmin, Sodium Heparin, Lovenox, Mefiton, Miradon, Persantine, Plavix ,. Pletal, Ticlid, Trental, Warfarin. Other "anticoagulants" and / or "fibrinolytic" agents include Plasminogen (to plasmin by interactions of prekallikrein, kininogens, Factors XII, XLIIA, proactivator plasminogen and tissue plasminogen activator [TPA = tissue plasminogen activator]) Streptokinase; Urokinase: Streptokinase-ankylamino plasminogen activator complex; Pro-Urokinase; (Pro-UK); rTPA (alteplase or activase; r denotes recombinant); rPro-UK; Abbocinasa; Eminasa; Anagrelide Streptase Hydrochloride; Bivalirudin; Dalteparin Sodium; Danaparoid Sodium; Dazoxiben hydrochloride; Efegatran sulfate; Enoxaparin Sodium; Ifetroban; Ifetroban Sodium; Tinzaparin Sodium; reteplase; Trifenagrel; Warfarin; Dextrans Still other anticoagulant agents include but are not limited to Ancrod; Citrate Dextrose Anticoagulant Solution; Dextrose Adenine Citrate Phosphate Anticoagulant Solution; Citrate Dextrose Phosphate Anticoagulant Solution; Heparin Anticoagulant Solution; Anticoagulant solution of Sodium Citrate; Ardeparina Sodium; Bivalirudin; Bromindione; Dalteparin Sodium; Desirudin; Dicumarol; Heparin Calcium; Heparin Sodium; Sodium Liapolate; Nafamostat Mesylate; Fenprocoumon; Tinzaparin Sodium. Inhibitors of platelet function are agents that impair the ability of mature platelets to perform their normal physiological roles (ie Su- normal function). Platelets are usually involved in a number of physiological processes such as adhesion, for example to cellular and non-cellular entities, aggregation, for example for the purpose of forming a blood clot, and releasing factors such as growth factors (e.g., platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)) and granular components of platelets. A subcategory of platelet function inhibitors are inhibitors of aggregation of platelets which are compounds that reduce o- stop the ability of platelets to physically associate with themselves or with other cellular and non-cellular components, thereby preventing the ability of a platelet to form a thrombus. Examples of useful inhibitors of platelet function include but are not limited to acadesine, anagrelide (if given at doses exceeding 10 mg / day), anipamil, argatroban, aspirin, clopidogrel, cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the synthetic compound FR-122047, danaparoid sodium, dazoxiben hydrochloride, diadenosine analogues 5 ', 5"" -P1, P4-tetraphosphate (Ap4A), difibrotide, dilazep dihydrochlorides, 1,2- and 1,3-glyceryl dinitrate, dipiridamole, dopamine and 3-methoxytriramine, efegatran sulfate, enoxaparin sodium, glucagon, glycoprotein Ilb / IHa antagonists such as Ro-43-8857 and L-700,462, ifetroban, ifetroban sodium, iloprost, Integriline (eptiflbatide), methyl ester of carbacycline , isosorbide-5-mononitrate, itazigrel, quetanserin and BM-13,177, lamifiban, lifarizine, molsidomine, nifedipine, oxagrelate, PGE, antagonists of platelet activation factors such as lexipafant, prostacyclin (PGI2), pyrazines, pyridinol carbamate,. ReoPro (ie abciximab), sulfinpyrazone, synthetic compounds BN-50727, BN-52021, CV-4151,? -5510, FK-409, GU-7, KB-2796, KBT-3022, KC-404, KF-4939 , OP-41483, TRK-100, TA-3090, TFC-612 and ZK-36374, 2, 4, 5, 7-tetrathiaoctane, 2, 4, 5, 7-tetrathiaoctane 2,2-dioxide, 2,4, 5-trithiahexane, theophylline, pentoxifylline, thromboxane and thromboxane synthetase inhibitors, such as picotamide and sulotroban, ticlopidine, tirofiban, trapidil and ticlopidine, trifenagrel, trilinolein, 5,6-bis (4-methoxyphenyl) -1, 2, 4- triazines, 3- and antibodies to glycoprotein Ilb / IIIa as well as those described in the US Patent Number 5,440,020 and anti-serotonin drugs, Clopidogrel; Sulfinpyrazone; Aspirin; Dipyridamole; Clofibrate; Pyridinol Carbamate; PGE; Glucago; Antiserotonin drugs; Caffeine; Theophylline Pentoxifylline; Ticlopidine Antihypertensives Non-limiting examples of antihypertensive agents that can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include amlodipine, benidipine, benazepril, candesartan, captopril, darodipine, diltiazem HCl, diazoxidone, doxazosin HCl, enalapril, eprosartan, losartan mesylate, felodipine, phenoldopam, fosinopril, guanabenz acetate, irbesartan, isradipine, lisinopril, mecamylamino, minoxidil, nicardipine HCl, nifedipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine, enoxibenzamine HCl, razosin HCl, quinapril, reserpine terazosin HCl, telmisartan and valsartan. This invention also contemplates combinations of fixed doses of nebivolol with hydrochlorothiazide and at least one additional active agent. Antiliphemic Agents Non-limiting examples of antilipemic agents that can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include acipimox, aluminum nicotinate, atorvastatin, cholestyramine resin, colestipol, polyidexide, beclobrate, fluvastatin, gemfibrozil, lovastatin, lysosomal acid lipase, icofibrate, niacin; PPAR agonist ARar such as fibrates, including but not limited to fenofibrate, clofibrate, pirifibrate, ciprofibrate, bezafibrate, clinofibrate, ronifibrate, theofibrate, clofibric acid, etofibrate and gemfibrozil; pravastatin sodium, simfibrate, simvastatin, niceritrol, nicoclonato, nicomol, oxynocic acid, etiroxate, tiropropic acid, thyroxine, acifran, azacosterol, benfluorex, beta-benzalbutiramide, carnitine, clondroitin sulfate clomestrone, detaxtran, sodium dextran sulfate, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17-eicosapentaenoic acid, erytadenine, furazabol, meglutol, melinamide, mitatrienediol, ornithine, gamma-oryzanol , pantethine, pentaerythritol tetraacetate, alpha-phenylbutyramide, pirozadil, probucol, beta-sitosterol, sulostilic acid (piperazine salt), thiadenol, triparanol, xenbucin and their mixtures. Anti-diabetics Non-limiting examples of antidiabetics that can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include biguanides such as buformin, metformin and phenformin; hormones such as insulin; sulfonylurea derivatives such as acetohexamide, l-butyl-3-methanediylurea, carbutamide, chlorpropamide, glibornuride, gliclazide, glimepiride, glipizide, gliquidone, glisoxepid, glyburide, glibutiazole, glybuzole, glihexamide, gli idine, glipinamide, fenbutamide, tolazamide, toibutamide, tolcylamlamide; HDL agonists; PPAR ^ agonists such as thiazolidinediones and as pioglitazone, rosiglitazone and troglitazone; and others that include acarbose, calcium mesoxalate, miglitol and repaglinide. Anti-inflammatory Agents Non-limiting examples of anti-inflammatory agents that can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include Alclofenac; Alclomethasone Dipropionate; Algestone Acetonide; Alpha Amylase; Amcinafal; Amcinafide; Amfenac Sodium; Amiprilose hydrochloride; Anakinra; Anirolac; Anitrazafeno; Apazona; Balsalazide Disodium; Bendazac; Benoxaprofen; Benzidamine hydrochloride; Bromelain; Broperamol; Budesonide; Carprofen; Cycloprofen; Cintazona; Cliprofen; Clobetasol Propionata; Clobetasone Butirata; Clopirac; Cloticasone Propionate; Cormetasone Acetate; Cortodoxona; Deflazacort; Desonida; Deoxymethasone; Dexamethasone Dipropionate; Diclofenac Potassium; Diclofenac Sodium; Diflorasone Diacetate; Diflumidone Sodium; Diflunisal; Difluprednate; Diftalona; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Drocinonide; Endrisone; Enlimomab; Enolicam Sodium; Epirizol; Etodolac; Etofenamate; Felbinac; Fenamol; Fenbufen; Fenclofenac; Fenclorac; Fendosal; Fenpipalone; Fentiazac; Flazalona; Fluazacort; Flufenamic acid; Flumizol; Flunisolide Acetate; Flunixin; Flunixin Meglumino; Fluocortin Butyl; Fluorometholone Acetate; Fluquazone; Flurbiprofen; Fluretofen; Fluticasona Propionate; Furaprofen; Furobufen; Halcinonide; Halobetasol Propionate; Halopredone Acetate; Ibufenac; Ibuprofen; Ibuprofen Aluminum; Ibuprofen. Piconol; Ilonidap; Indomethacin; Indomethacin Sodium; Indoprofen; Indoxol; Intrazole; Isoflupredone Acetate; Isoxepac; Isoxicam; Ketoprofen; Lofemizol Hydrochloride; Lornoxicam; Loteprednol Etabonate; Meclofenamate Sodium; Meclofenamic acid; Mechloridane Dibutyrate; Mefenamic acid; Mesalamine; Meseclazone; Methylprednisolone Suleptanate; Morniflumate; Nabumetono; Naproxen; Naproxen Sodium; Naproxol; Nimazone; Olsalazine Sodium; Orgotein; Orpanoxin; Oxaprozin; Oxyphenbutazone; Paraniline hydrochloride; Pentosan Sodium Polysulfate; Fenbutazone Glycerate Sodium; Pirfenidone; Piroxicam; Piroxicam cinnamate; Piroxicam (Diamine; Pirprofen; Prednazato; Prifelone; Prodolic acid; Proquazone; Proxazole; Proxazole Citrate; Rimexolone; Romazarit; Salcolex; Salnacedina; Salsalato; Salicylates; Sanguinario Chloride; Seclazone; Sermetacin; Sudoxicam; Sulindac; Suprofen; Talmetacin; Talniflumate; Talosalate; Tebufelone; Tenidap; Tenidap Sodium; Tenoxicam; Tesicam; Tesimida; Tetridamine; Tiopinac; Tixocortol Pivalato; Tolmetin; Tolmetin Sodium; Triclónide; Triflumidate; Zidomethacin; Glucocorticoids; Zomepirac Sodium. A preferred anti-inflammatory agent is aspirin. Calcium Channel Blockers Calcium channel blockers are a chemically diverse class of compounds that have significant therapeutic value in the control of a variety of diseases including various cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension, angina, and cardiac arrhythmias (Fleckenstein, Cir. Res. 52, (suppl.1, (p.13-16 (1983); Fleckenstein, Experimental Facts and Therapeutic Prospects, John Wiley, New York (1983); McCall, D., Curr Pract Cardiol, v. 10, (pages 1-11 (1985)). Calcium channel blockers are a heterogeneous group of drugs that prevent or slow the entry of calcium into cells by regulating cellular calcium channels. (Remington, The Science and Practice of Pharmacy, Nineteenth Edition, Mack Publishing Company, Eaton, Pa., P. 963 (1995)). Most calcium channel blockers currently available and useful in accordance with the present invention belong to one of three major chemical drug groups, the dihydropyridines, such as nifedipine, the phenyl alkyl amines, such as verapamil, and the benzothiazepines. , such as diltiazem. Non-limiting examples of calcium channel blockers that can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include bepridil, clentiazem, diltiazem, fendiline, gallopamil, mibefradil, prenylamine, semothiadil, terodiline ,. verapamil, amlodipine, aranidipine, barnidipine, benidipine, cilnidipine, efonidipine, elgodipine, felodipine, isradipine, lacidipine, lercanidipine, manidipine, nicardipine, nifedipine, nilvadipine, nimodipine, nisoldipine, nitrendipine, cinnarizine, flunarizine, lidoflazine, lomerizine, benziclana, etafenone, phanopharone, perhexiline and their mixtures. CETP inhibitors A non-limiting example of an inhibitor CETP that can be used in the compositions of the present invention includes torcetrapib. COX-2 Inhibitors Non-limiting examples of a COX-2 inhibitors that can be used in the compositions of the present invention include compounds according to the following: all compounds and substances beginning on page 8 of Winokur WO99 / 20110 as members of three different structural classes of selective COX-2 inhibitory compounds and the compounds and substances that are selective COX-2 inhibitors in Nichtberger, U.S. Pat. No. 6,136,804, October 24, 2000, with title "Combination therapy for treating, preventing, or reducing the risks associated with acute coronary" ischemic syndrome and related conditions ", and the compounds and substances that are selective COX-2 inhibitors in Isakson et al. al, PCT application WO / 09641645 published on December 27, 1996, filed in PCT / US 9509905 on June 12, 1995, under the title "Combination of a Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor and a Leukotriene B4 Antagonist Receptor for the Treatment of Inflammations. "The meaning of COX-2 inhibitor in this invention shall include the compounds and substances referred to and incorporated in Winokur WO99 / 20110 by reference to the art therein, the compounds and substances referred to and incorporated in Nichtberger, US Patent No. 6,136,804 , October 24, 2000, by reference to the art there, and the compounds and substances that are COX-2 inhibitors referred to and incorporated in Isakson et al, PCT application WO / 09641645 published December 27, 1996, filed as PCT / US 9509905 on June 12, 1995, with the title "Combination of a Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor and a Leukotriene B4 Antagonist Receptor for the Treatment of Inflammations. "The meaning of COX-2 inhibitor in this invention also includes rofecoxib and celecoxib, distributed on the market as VTOXX and CELEBREX by Merck and, Searle / Pf? Zer respectively.Rofecoxib is discussed in Winokur, WO99 / 20110 as compound 3, on page 9. Celecoxib is discussed as SC-58635 in the same reference and in T. Penning, Synthesis and biological evaluation of the 1, 5-diarylpyrazole class of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: identification of 4- [5- (4-methylfenyl ) -3- (trifluoromethyl) -1 H-pyrozol-1-yl] benzenesulfonami of (SC-58635, celecoxib) ", J.

Med. Chem. April 25, 1997: 40 (9): 1347-56. The meaning of the COX-2 inhibitor in this invention also includes SC299 referred to as fluorescent diaryloxazole. C. Lanzo et al, "Fluorescence quenching analysis of the association and dissociation of a diarylheterocycle to cyclooxygenasel-1 and cyclooxygenase-2: dynamic basis of cycloxygenase-2 selectivity", Biochemistry, May 23, 2000, vol. , 39 (20) -6228-34, and in J. Talley et al, "4,5-Diaryloxazole inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)", Med. Res. Rev. May 1999; 19 (3): 199-208. The meaning of COX-2 inhibitor in this invention also includes valdecoxib, see "4- [5-Methyl-3-] phenylisoxazol-1-yl] benzenesulfonamide, Valdecoxib: A Potent and Selective Inhibitor of COX-2", J. Med. Chem. 2000, Vol. 43: 775-777, and parecoxib, sodium salt or parecoxib sodium, See N- [ [(5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4yl) -phenyl] sulfonyl] propanimide, Sodium Salt, Parecoxib Sodium: A Potent and Selective Inhibitor of COX-2 for Parenteral Administration ", J. Med. Chem. 2000, Vol. 43 : 1661-1663. The meaning of COX-2 inhibitor in this invention also includes the substitution of the sulfonamide portion as a convenient replacement for the methylsulfonyl moiety. See J. Cárter et al, Synthesis and activity of sulfonamide-substituted 4,5-diaryl thiazoles as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors. "Bioorg, Med. Chem. Lett Apr. 19, 1999: Vol. 9 (8): 1171- 74, and compounds referred to in the article "Design and synthesis of sulfonyl-substituted 4, 5-diarylthiazoles as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors", Bioorg, Med. Chem. Lett Apr. 19, 1999: Vol. 9 (8): 1167 The meaning of this invention includes a COX-2 inhibitor, NS398 referred to in two articles: Attiga et al, "Inhibitors of Prostaglandin Synthesis Inhibit Human Prostate Tumor Cell Invasiveness and Reduce the Reléase of Matrix Metalloproteinases", 60 Cancer Research 4629- 4637, August 15, 2000, and in "The cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib induces apoptosis by blocking Akt activation in human prostate cancer cells independently of Bcl-2, "Hsu et al, 275 (15) J. Biol. Chem. 11397-11403 (2000) The meaning of the COX-inhibitor 2 in this invention includes the selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 compounds reported in Mitchell et al, "Cyclo-oxygenase-2: pharmacology, physiology, biochemistry and relevance to NSAID therapy", Brit. J. of Pharmacology (1999) vol.128 : 1121-1132, see especially page 1126. The meaning of the COX-2 inhibitor in this invention includes the NON-NSAIDs thus named, or NSAIDs that release nitric oxide, referred to in L. Jackson et al, "COX-2 Selective Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Do They Really Offer Any Advantages? ", Drugs, June 2000 vol 59 (6): 1207-1216 and the articles at the bottom of pages 27 and 28. It is also included in the meaning of inhibitor COX-2 in this invention any substance that selectively inhibits the COX-2 isoenzyme on e the COX-I isoenzyme in the proportion greater than 10 to 1 and preferably, proportion of at least 40 to 1 as referred to in , Winokur WO 99/20110, and has a substituent that has both atoms with free electrons under the traditional electron-pair-repulsion theory cover-valence located in a ring cyclic (as in the sulfilamine portion of celecoxib) and a second substituent located in a different ring far enough away from the first substituent to have no significant electron interaction with the first substituent. The second substituent should have an electronegativity within this substituent greater than 0.5, or the second substituent that should have an atom located in the periphery of the compound selected from the group of a halogen F, Cl, Br or I, or a member of group VI , S or O. Thus, for the purposes of this last-mentioned meaning of a COX-2 inhibitor, one portion of the COX-2 inhibitor should be hydrophilic and the other portion lipophilic. Also included as a COX-2 inhibitor are compounds cited on page 553 in Pharmacotherapy: A Pathophysiologic Approach, Depiro et al (McGraw Hill 1999) including nabumetone and etodolac. Recognizing that there is overlap between the selective COX-2 inhibitors established in this paragraph, the intention of the term COX-2 inhibitor is to include in an extensive manner all selective COX-2 inhibitors, selective in the sense of inhibiting COX-2 on COX- I. The inventors add to the class of COX-2 inhibitors useful in the invention, the drug having the name etoricoxib referred to in the Wall Street Journal, Dec. 13, 2000, manufactured by Merck. See also Chauret et al., "In vitro metabolism considerations, including activity testing of metabolites, in the discovery and selection of the COX-2 inhibitor etoricoxib (MK-0663)," Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 11 (8): 1059-62 (Apr. 23, 2001). Another selective COX-2 inhibitor is DFU. [5,5-dimethyl-3- (3-fluorophenyl) -4- (4-methylsulfonyl) phenyl-2 (5H) -furanone] reported in Yergey et al, Drug Metab. Dispos 29 (5): 638-44 (May 2001). The inventors also include as a selective COX-2 inhibitor the flavonoid antioxidant silymarin, and an active ingredient in silymarin, silibinin, which demonstrates significant COX-2 inhibition with respect to inhibition of COX-I. Silymarin also showed protection against glutathione peroxidase depletion. Zhao et al, "Significant Inhibition by the Flavonoid Antioxidant Silymarine against 12-0-tetracecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-caused modulation of antioxidant and inflammatory enzymes, and cyclooxygenase 2 and interleukin-1 alpha expression in SENCAR mouse epidermis: implications in the prevention of stage I tumor pro otion, "Mol.

Carcinog. December 1999, Vol 26 (4): 321-33 PMID 10569809. Silymarin has also been used to treat liver diseases in Europe. A number of the COX-2 inhibitors identified above are prodrugs of selective COX-2 inhibitors, and exert their action by in vivo conversion to active and selective COX-2 inhibitors. The active and selective COX-2 inhibitors formed from the previously identified COX-2 inhibitory prodrugs are described in detail in WO 95/00501, published January 5, 1995, WO 95/18799, published July 13, 1995 and the Patent. of the USA Number 5,474,995, issued December 12, 1995. Given the teachings of the U.S. Patent. Number 5,543,297, titled: "Human cyclooxygenase-2 cDNA and assays for evaluating cyclooxygenase-2 activity," a person with ordinary skill in the art will be able to determine whether an agent is a selective COX-2 inhibitor or a precursor of an inhibitor COX-2 and therefore part of the present invention. "Direct Thrombin Inhibitors" Non-limiting examples of direct thrombin inhibitors include hirudin, hirugen, Hirulog, argatroban, PPACK, and thrombin aptamers.

Diuretics Non-limiting examples of diuretics which may be employed in the compositions of the present invention include altiazide, bendroflumethiazide, benzthiazide, butiazide, chlorthalidone, cyclopentiazide, cyclothiazide, epithiazide, ethiazide, phenquizone, indapamide, hydroflumethiazide, methyclothiazide, methicran, metolazone, paraflutizide, polythiazide , kinetazone, teclothiazide, trichlorometiazide, chlormerodrine, meraluride, mercamfamide, sodium mercaptomerine, sodium mercumatiline, mercurouso chloride, mersalil, acefilin, 7-morpholinomethyl-theophylline, pamabrom, proteobromin, theobromine, canrenone, oleandrina, spironolactone, acetazolamide, ambuside, azosemide, bumetanide, butazolamide, clopamide, clorexolone, disulfamide, ethoxzolamide, furosemide, mefruside, methozolamide, piretanide, torsemide, tripamide, xipamide, aminometradine, amisometradin, amanozine, amiloride, arbutin, chlorazanil, ethacrynic acid, ethozoline, hydracarbazine, isosorbide, mannitol, metocalcona , muzolimine, perhexilina, ticrinafen, triamterena, urea, and their mixtures. Depending on the diuretic used, potassium can also be administered to the patient in order to optimize fluid balance while hypokac alkalosis is avoided. The administration of potassium may be in the form of potassium chloride or by daily ingestion of foods high in potassium such as for example bananas or orange juice. Endothelin Receptor Antagonists Non-limiting examples of an endothelin receptor antagonist that can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include bosentan, sulfonamide endothelin antagonists, BQ-123, SQ 28608, and the like); and its mixtures. inhibitors of HMG-CoA Reductase (Statins) HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A) reductase is the microsomal enzyme that catalyzes the reaction that limits the speed in cholesterol biosynthesis (HMG-Co A6Mevalonate). An inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, and as a result inhibits the synthesis of cholesterol. A number of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors have been used to treat individuals with hypercholesteroa. More recently, inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase have been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of stroke (Endres M, • et al., Proc Nati Acad Sci U S A, 1998, 95: 8880-5). HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors useful for co-administration with agents of the invention, include but are not invited to simvastatin (U.S. Patent Number 4,444,784), lovastatin (U.S. Patent Number 4,231,938), pravastatin sodium (U.S. Patent Number 4,346,227) ), fluvastatin (U.S. Patent Number 4,739,073), atorvastatin (U.S. Patent Number 5,273,995), cerivastatin, and numerous others described in US Pat. Numbers ,622,985 5,135,935 5,356,896 4,920,109 5,286,895 5,262,435 5,260,332 5,317,031 5,283,256 5,256,689 5,182,298 5,369,125 5,302,604 5,166,171 5,202,327 5,276,021 5,196,440 5,091,386 5,091,378 4,904,646 5,385,932 5,250,435 5,132,312 5,130,306 5,116,870 5,112,857 5,102,911 5,098,931 5,081,136 5,025,000 5,021,453 5,017,716 5,001,144 5,001,128 4,997,837 4,996,234 4,994,494 4,992,429 4,970,231 4,968,693 4,963,538 4,957,940 4,950,675 4,946,864 4, 946.860 4,940,800 4,940,727 4,939,143 4, 929, 620, 4,923,861; 4,906,657; 4,906,624 and 4,897,402, the descriptions of these patents here they are incorporated by reference. Other non-limiting inhibitory examples HMG-CoA reductase which can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include mevastatin, pitavastatin, rosuvastatin, gemcabeno, and probucol. Inotropic Agents Non-limiting examples of Inotropic agents that can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include acetyline, acetyldigitoxins, 2-amino-4-picoline, amrinone, benfurodil hemisucinate, bucladesine, canfotamide, convalatoxin, cimarine, denopamine, desolase, digitalin, digitalis, digitoxin, digoxin, dobutamine, docarpamine, dopamine, dopexamine, enoximone, erythrophelin, fenalsomine, gitalin, gytoxin, glycocyamine, heptaminol, hydrastinin, ibopamine, lanatosides, loprinin, milrinone, nerifoline, oleandrine, ouabain, oxyfedrine, pimobendan, prenalterol, proscilaridina, resibufogenina, scilaren, scilarenin, strofantina, sulmazol, theobromina, vesnarinona, xamoterol, and their mixtures. "Renin inhibitors", renin inhibitors are compounds that interfere with renin activity. Renin inhibitors include amino acids and their derivatives, peptides and their derivatives, and renin antibodies. Examples of renin inhibitors that are the subject of the E.U.A patents are as follows: urea peptide derivatives (U.S. Patent Number 5,116,835); amino acids connected by the non-peptide bonds (U.S. Patent Number 5,114,937); di- and tri-peptide derivatives (U.S. Patent Number 5,106,835); amino acids and their derivatives (U.S. Patent Number 5,104,869 and 5,095,119); diol sulfonamides and sulfinyls (U.S. Patent Number 5,098,924); modified peptides (U.S. Patent Number 5,095,006); peptidyl beta-aminoacyl aminodiol carbamates (U.S. Patent Number 5,089,471); pyrolimidazolones (U.S. Patent Number 5,075,451); peptides containing fluorine and chlorine statin or stannane (U.S. Patent Number 5,066,643); peptidyl amino diols (U.S. Patent Number 5,063,208 and 4,845,079); N-morpholine derivatives (U.S. Patent Number 5,055,466); Pepstatin derivatives (U.S. Patent Number 4,980,283); N-heterocyclic alcohols (U.S. Patent Number 4,885,292); antibodies Renin monoclonal antibodies (U.S. Patent Number 4,780,401); and a variety of other peptides and their analogs (U.S. Patent Nos. 5,071,837, 5,064,965, 5,063,207, 5,036,054, 5,036,053, 5,034,512 and 4,894,437). Vasodilators Non-limiting examples of vasodilators that may be employed in the compositions of the present invention include benziclane, cinnarizine, citicoline, cyclandelate, cyclinicate, disopropylamine dichloroacetate, eburnamonin, fasudil, phenoxymedil, fmarizine, ibudilast, ifenprodil, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate , lomerixina, nafronil, nicametato, nicergolina, nimodipina, papaverina, pentifilina, tinofedrina, vancamina, vinpocetina, viquidil, amotrifena, bendazol, benfurodil hemisucinato, benziodarona, cloracizina, cromonar, clobenfurol, clonitrato, cloricromen, dilazep, dipiridamola, droprenilamina, efloxato, erythritil tetranitrate, etafenone, fendilino, floredil, ganglefenco, heart muscle extract, hexestrol bis (alpha-diethylaminoethyl ether), hexobendin, hydralazine compound, itylamine tosylate kelin, lidoflazine, mannitol hexanitrate, medibazine, nitroglycerin, mononitrate isosorbide, isosorbide dinitrate, and other nitrates, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, pentrinitrol, perhexelline, phenelphine, phenylamine, propatl nitrate, pyridofilline, trapidil, trichromyl, trimetazidine, trolnitrate phosphate, visnadine, nicotinate aluminum, bametan, benziclana, betaistine, bradykinin, brovincamine , bufenioate, buflomedila, butalamine, cetiedila, cyclinicate, cinepazide, cinnarizine, cyclandelate, disopropylamine dichloroacetate, eledoisin, fenoxedila, flunazine, hepronicate, ifenprodila, iloprost, inositol niacinate, isoxsuprine, kalidin, kalikrein, moxisilite, nafronil, nicametato nicergolina, nicofuranosa, alcohol nicotinila, nilidrina, pentifiliria, pentoxifilina, piribedila, prostaglandina El, suloctidila, tolazolina, xantinol niacinato, and their mixtures. It should be noted that the "hydralazine compound" refers to a compound having the formula: where a, b and c, each independently are a single or double link; Ri and R2 each independently a hydrogen, an alkyl, an ester or a heterocyclic ring; R and R each independently are a pair only of electrons or a hydrogen, with the proviso that at least one of RÍ? F R3 and F is not hydrogen. Examples of hydralazine compounds include but are not limited to budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine, todralazine and the like. Vasopressors Non-limiting examples of vasopressors that may be employed in the compositions of the present invention include methyl sodium sulfate, angiotensin amide, dimetofrine, dopamine, ethifl amine, ethylephrine, gepephrine, metaraminol, methoxamine, midodrine, norepinephrine, foledrine, synephrine, and mixtures thereof. . Disingers - of AGE Reticulate (disintegrators of advanced glycosylated final product crosslinking). Non-limiting examples of AGE crosslinker disintegrants that can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include Alagebrium.

Formation inhibitors to AGE (inhibitors of advanced glycosylation end product formation). Non-limiting examples of AGE formation inhibitors that can be employed in the compositions of the present invention include Pimagedine. Other active: Non-limiting examples of other active ingredients that can be combined with these nebivolol compositions include but are not limited to the following classes of representative compounds, as well as t salts, isomers, esters, ethers and other pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives. Analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents, such as aloxiprine, auranofin, azapropazone, benorilate, capsaicin, celecoxib, diclofenac, diflunisal, etodolac, fenbufen, fenoprofen calcium, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketoprofen, ketorolac, leflunomide, meclofenamic acid, mefenamic acid, nabumeton, naproxen, oxaprozin, oxifenbutazone, phenylbutazone, piroxicam, rofecoxib, sulindac, tetrahydrocannabinol, tramadol and trornethamin; an tiheminti cos such as albendazole, bephenium hydroxynaphthoate, cambendazole, dichlorophen, ivermectin, mebendazole, oxamniquine, oxfendazole, oxantel embonate, praziquantel, pyrantel embonate and thiabendazole; antiasthma agents, such as zileuton, zafirlukast, terbutaline sulfate, montelukast, and albuterol; antibacterial agents, such as alatrofloxacin, azithromycin, baclofen, benzathine penicillin, cinoxacin, ciprofloxacin HCl, clarithromycin, clofazimine, cloxacillin, demeclocycline, dirithromycin, doxycycline, erythromycin, ethionamide, furazolidone, grepafloxacin, imipenem, levofloxacin, lorefloxacin, moxifloxacin HCl, nalidixic acid , nitrofurantoin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, sparfldxacin, spiramycin, sulfabenzamide, sulfadoxine, sulfamerazine, ulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfafurazole, sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine, tetracycline, trimethoprim, trovafloxacin, and vancomycin; antiviral agents, such as abacavir, amprenavir, delavirdine, efavirenz, indinavir, lamivudine, nelfinavir, nevirapine, ritonavir, saquinavir, stavudine and, - an ti -depresores agents such as amoxapine, bupropion, citalopram, clomipramine, fluoxetine HCI, maprotiline HCl, mianserin HCl, nortriptyline HCl, paroxetine HCl, sertraline HCl, trazodone HCl , trimipramine maleate, and venlafaxine HCl; anti epileptics, such as beclamide, carbamazepine, clonazepam, ethotoin, felbamate, sodium fosphenytoin, lamotrigine, methoin, methsuximide, methylphenirabarbitone, oxcarbazepine, parametadione, phenacemide, phenobarbitone, phenytoin, phensuximide, primidone, sultiame, tiagabine HCl, topiramate, valproic acid, and vigabatrin; agents an ti - fungal such as amphotericin, butenafine HCl, butoconazole nitrate, clotrimazole, econazole nitrate, fluconazole, flucytosine, griseofulvin, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, natamycin, nystatin, sulconazole nitrate, oxiconazole, erbinafina HCl, terconazole, tioconazole and acid undecenoic; anti-drop agents, such as allopurinol, probenecid and sulfinpirazon; agentes an ti -malaría, such as amodiaquine, chloroquine, chlorproguanil HCl, halofantrine HCl, mefloquine HCl, proguanil HCl, pyrimethamine and quinine sulfate; agents an ti migraine, such as mesylate dihydroergotamine, ergotamine tartrate, frovatriptan, methysergide maleate, naratriptan HCl, pizotifen maleate, rizatriptan benzoate, sumatriptan succinate, zolmitriptan and; agen anti -muscarínicos tes, such as atropine, benzhexol HCl, biperiden, ethopropazine HCl, hyoscyamine, mepenzolate bromide, oxyphencyclimine HCl and tropicamide; anti-neoplastic and immunosuppressive agents, such as aminoglute imide, amsacrine, azathioprine, bicalutamide, bisantren, busulfan, camptothecin, capecitabine, chlorambucil, cyclosporine, dacarbazine, ellipticine, estramustine, etoposide, ipnotecan, lomustine, melphalan, mercaptopurine, methotrexate, mitomycin, mitotane, mitoxantrone, mofetil mycophenolate, nilutamide, paclitaxel, procarbazine HCl, sirolimus, tacrolimus, tamoxifen citrate, teniposide, testolacton, topotecan HCl, and toremifene citrate; Agents an ti -protozoa, such as atovaquone, benznidazole, clioquinol, decoquinate, diodohydroxyquinoline, diloxanide furoate, dinitolmide, furazolidone, metronidazole, nimorazol, nitrofurazone, ornidazole and tinidazole; ani -psychotics, such as aripiprazole, clozapine, ziprasidone, haloperidol, molindone, loxapine, thioridazine, molindone, thiothixene, pimozide, fluphenazine, risperidone mesoridazine, quetiapine, trifluoperazine, chlorprothixene, clofromazine, perphenazine, trifluopromazine, olanzapine; anti-thyroid agents, such as carbimazole, paricalcitol, and propylthiouracil; anti tusivos, such as benzonatato; anxiolytics, sedatives, hypnotics and neuroleptics, such as alprazolam, amylobarbitone, barbitone, bentazepam, bromazepam, bromperidol, brotizolam, butobarbitone, carbromal, chlordiazepoxide, chlormethiazole, clopromazine, cloprotixen, clonazepam, clobazam, clotiazepam, clozapine, diazepam, droperidol, etinamate, fluanisone, flunitrazepam, triflupromazine, flupenthixol decanoate, flufenthixol decanoate, flurazepam, gabapentin, haloperidol, lorazepam, lormetazepam, medazepam, meprobamate, mesoridazine, methaqualon, methylphenidate, midazolam, molindone, nitrazepam, olanzapine, oxazepam, pentobarbitone, perphenazine pimozide, prochlorperazine, pseudoephedrine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, sulpiride, temazepam, thioridazine, triazolam, Zolpidem, and zopiclone; corticoids, such as beclomethasone, betamethasone, budesonide, cortisone acetate, deoximetasone, dexamethasone, fludrocortisone acetate, flunisolide, fluocortolone, fluticasone propionate, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, prednisone and triamcinolone; Agents an ti -parkinson, such as apomorphine, bromocriptine mesylate, lisuride maleate, pramipexole, ropinirole HCl, and tolcapone; gastrointestinal agents, such as bisacodyl, cimetidine, cisapride, diphenoxylate HCl, domperidone, famotidine, lansoprazole, lopera ida, mesalazine, nizatidine, omeprazole, ondansetron HCL, rabeprazole sodium, ranitidine HCl and sulfasalazine; We wanted tolytes, such as acitretin, calcipotriene, calcifediol, calcitriol, cholecalciferol, ergocalciferol, etretinate, retinoids, Targretina, and tazarotene; lipid regulating agents, such as atorvastatin, bezafibrate, cerivastatin, ciprofibrate, clofibrate, fenofibrate, fluvastatin, gemfibrozil, pravastatin, probucol, and simvastatin; muscle relaxants, such as dantrolen sodium and tizanidine HCl; Nutritional agents, such as calcitriol, carotenes, dihydrotaquisterol, essential fatty acids, non-essential fatty acids, phytonadiol, vitamin A, vitamin B2, vitamin D, vitamin E and vitamin K; Opioid analgesics, such as codeine, dextropropoxyphene, diamorphine, dihydrocodeine, fentanyl, meptazinol, methadone, morphine, nalbuphine and pentazocine; Sex hormones, such as clomiphene citrate, cortisone acetate, danazol, dehydroepiandrosterone, ethinyl estradiol, finasteride, fludrocortisone, fluoxysterone, medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate, mestranol, methyltestosterone, norethisterone, norgestrel, estradiol, conjugated estrogens, progesterone, rimexolone , stanozolol, stilbestrol, testosterone and tibolone; it is thymulant, such as amphetamine, dexamfetamine, dexfenfluramine, fenfluramine and mazindol; drugs for rheumatoid arthritis such as methotrexate, auranofin, aurothioglucose and gold sodium thiomalate; drugs for osteoporosis such as alendronate and raloxifen; local anesthetics; drugs to you -herpes such as acyclovir, valaciclovir and famciclovir; anti-emetics such as ondansetron and granisetron; Flavonoids and Isoflavonoids include anthocyanidins and anthocyanins; proanthocyanidins; flavan-3-oles; flavonols; flavones; flavanones; isoflavanones; its salts and esters. This development however is not limited to flavonoid compounds isolated from plants, parts of plants or extracts of Astragalus membranaceus, but they encompass any convenient flavonoid compound isolated from different sources and chemically synthesized. In addition, any convenient known or not yet discovered flavonoid compound as well as isoflavonoid compound are within the scope of the present * technology. An amount of flavonoids and isoflavonoids are described in the database USDA-Iowa State University Datábase in Isoflavone Content of Foods, Version 1.3-2002, and the USDA Datábase for the Flavonoid Content of Selected Foods-2003 - (http: // www. nal .usda. gov / fhic / foodcomp / Data / isoflav / isoflav.html) and (http: // www. nal '. usda. gov / fnic / foodcomp / Data / Flav / flav .html) (both of which are incorporated herein by reference). It will be obvious to any person in the art how to choose the flavonoid and / or isoflavonoid compound suitable for the purpose of the present development. For example, flavonoid compounds for the purpose of the present development may, but are not, limited to (-) -epictechin, (+) - Catechin, procyanidin B2, quercetin dehydrate, taxifolin, resveratrol and the like. Carotenoids, in general are tetraterpenes that originate from the mevalonate and deoxixilulose phosphate pathways (older sources sometimes refer to their source as the "isoprenoid" pathway). Two molecules of the C20 compound of geranylgeranyldiphosphate (GGDP) are condensed to form the symmetrical carotenoid skeleton. The carotenoids are divided into two subclasses, that is to say more polar compounds called xanthophylls or oxycarotenoids and the carotenoids of non-polar hydrocarbons.

Terms such as carotenoid analogue and carotenoid derivative in general may refer in certain embodiments to chemical compositions derived from a carotenoid of natural origin or simply to synthetic carotenoids. In some embodiments, terms such as carotenoid analog and carotenoid derivative, may generally refer to compounds or chemical compositions that are synthetically derived from non-carotenoid base precursor compounds; however, they finally resemble substantially an analogous carotenoid derivative. In certain embodiments, terms such as carotenoid analogue and carotenoid derivative in general may refer to a synthetic derivative of a carotenoid of natural origin. Examples' of carotenoid are provided in the book "Carotenoids Handbook," edited by G. Britton et al, 2004, which is incorporated herein by reference. It will be apparent to anyone skilled in the art to choose the suitable carotenoid compound for the purpose of the present development. Examples of carotenoids include astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, lycopene, beta-carotene.

Other examples are limiting carotenoids of natural origin include: Aaptopurpurine; Actiniumerythrin; Actiniumeritrol; Adonirubina; Adonixanthin; A.g.470; A.g.471; Agelaxanthin C; Aleuriaxanthin; Aloxanthin; Amarouciaxanthin A; Amarouciaxanthin B; Ancovixanthin; 3 ', 4' -Anhydrodiatoxanthin; Anhydrodeoxyflexixanthin; Anhydroeschscholtzxanthin; Anhydrolutein; Anhydroperidinin; Anhydrorhodovibrin; Anhydrosaproxanthine; Anhydrowarmingol; Anhydrowarmingone; Anteraxanthin; Afanicin; Afanicol; Agfanina; Afanol; Afanizofil; 8 '-Apo-beta-caroten-8' -al; 10 '-Apo-beta-caroten-10' -al; 12 '-Apo-beta-caroten-12' al; 14 '-Apo-beta-caroten-1' -al; 6 '-ApO-psi-caroten-6' -al; 8 '-Apo-psi-caroten-8' -al; beta-Apo-2-carotenal; beta-Apo-3-carotenal; beta-Apo-4-carotenal; beta-Apo-2 '-carotenal; beta-Apo-8 '-carotenal; beta-Apo-10 '-carotenal; beta-Apo-12 '-carotenal; beta-Apo-14 '-carotenal; Apo-8,8'-carotendial; 8 '-Apo-beta-caroten-3, 8'-diol; 4'-Apo-beta-caroten-4'-oic acid; 8 '-Apo-beta-caroten-8'-oic acid; 10'-apo-beta-caroten-10 '-oic acid; 12'-apo-beta-caroten-12 '-oic acid; beta-Apo-21-carotenoic acid; beta-Apo-2'-carotenoic acid methyl ester; beta-Apo-8 '-carotenoic acid; acid beta-Apo-10 '-carotenoic; beta-Apo-12 '-carotenoic acid; 8 '-Apo-beta-caroten-3-ol; beta-Apo-2'-carotenol; Apo-7-fucoxanthinol; Apo-2-licopenal; Apo-3-licopenal; Apo-6 'lycopene; Apo-8'-clonal; Apo-10 '-violaxantal; Apo-12 '-violaxantal; Apovioxantinal; Apo-2-zeaxanthinal; Apo-3-zeaxanthinal; Apo-4-zeaxanthinal; Astacein; Astacene; dipal itato Astacene; Astaxanthin; Asterinic acid; Asteroidenone; zeta-carotene Asim.; Aurocromo; Auroxanthin; Saffron; Azafrinaldehyde; Bacterial phytoene; alpha Bacterioerythrin; beta Bacterioerythrin; Alpha Bacteriopurpurine; Bacterioruberine; Alpha-Bacterioruberine; Bacterioruberine diglycoside; Bacterioruberine monoglycoside; alpha-Bacterioruberine monomethyl ether; Bisanhydrobacterioruberine; 3, 4, 3 ', 4' -Bisdehydro-beta-carotene; Bisdehydrolicopene; 2, 2 '-Bis (4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -beta, beta-carotene; 2,2'- Bis [3- (glucosiloxy) -3-methylbutyl] -3,4,3 ', 4'-tetradehydro-1, 2, 1', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1, 1 '-diol; 2, 2'-Bis [4- (beta, D-glucopyranosyloxy) -3-methyl-2-butenyl] -game, gamma-carotene; 2, 2 '-Bis (4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -game, gamma-carotene; 2,2'-Bis (4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) - [epsi], [epsi] -carotene; 2, 2 '-Bis (3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl-3,, 3', 4 '- tetrahydro-1, 2, 1 ', 2' tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1,1'-diol; 2, 2 '-Bis (3-methyl-2-butenyl) - [epsi], [epsi] -carotene; 2,2'-Bis (3-methyl-2-butenyl-3, 4, 3 ',' -tetradehidro-1, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-1-ol; 2,2'-Bis (3 -methyl-2-butenyl) -3,4,3 ', 4'-tetradehidro-1, 2, 1', 2 '-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1, 1'-diol; 2,2'- Bis (3-methyl-2-butenyl) -1, 2, 1 ', 2' -tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1, l-diol; 2, 2 '-Bis (O-methyl-5-C -metilpentosiloxi) -3, 4, 3 ', 4'-tetradehidro-1, 2, 1', 2 '-tetrahidropsi, psi-caroten-1, 1'-diol, 3, 3'-Bis (rhamnosiloxi) -beta , beta-carotene, 2, 2'-Bis (rhamnosiloxi) -3, 4, 3 ', 4'-tetradehidro-1, 2, 1', 2 '-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1 L'- diol; Bixin; Caloxantina; Caltaxantina; canthaxanthin; Capsanthin; Capsanthin epoxide; Capsantinona; Capsantona Capsocromo; cAPSORUBIN; Capsorrubindiona; Capsorrubona; Carangoxantina; 16'-carboxyl-3 ',' -dehidro-gamma-carotene; Carcinoxantina; Caricaxantina; beta- carotenal, psi, psi-caroten-20-al; Carotene; Carotene X; alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, beta, beta-carotene, beta, gamma-carotene, beta, [EPSI] -carotene, beta, [phi] -Carotene; beta, psi-Carotene; gamma-Carotene; range, range-Carotene; range, psi-Carotene; [delta] -Carotene; [epsi] -Carotene; [epsi] (1) -Carotene; [epsi], [epsi] - Carotene; [epsi], psi-Carotene; zeta-Carotene; zeta-Carotene, asym.; eta-Carotene; [theta] -Carotene; xi-Carotene; [phi] -Carotene; [phi], [phi] -Carotene; [phi], X-Carotene; [phi], psi-Carotene; X, X-Carotene; psi-Carotene; psi, alpha-carotene; psi, psi-Carotene; [theta] -Carotene; beta-Caroten-5, 6, 5 ', 6' -diepoxide; beta-Carotene 5, 8, 5 ', 8' -diepoxide; beta, beta-Caroten-2, 2'-diol; beta, beta-Caroten-2, 3-diol; beta, beta-Caroten-3, 4-diol; beta, beta-Caroten-3, 3'-diol; beta, beta-Caroten-4, 4 '-diol; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-3, 2'-diol; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-3, 3'-diol; beta, psi-Caroten-2, 3-diol; beta, psi-Caroten-3, 3 '-diol; [epsi], [epsi] -Caroten-3, 3 '-diol; [phi], [phi] -Caroten-3, 3'-diol; psi, psi-Caroten-16, 16'-diol; beta, beta-Caroten-3, 3 '-diol dipalmitate; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-3, 3'-diol dipalmitate; beta, beta-Caroten-2, 2'-dione; beta, beta-Caroten-3, 4-dione; beta, beta-Caroten-, 4 'dione; beta, psi-Caroten-3, 4-dione; [epsi], [epsi] -Carotene-3, 3'-dione; beta, chi-Caroten-3 ', 6'-dione; beta, X-Caroten-3, 4-dione; beta, psi-Caroten-, 4 '-dione; beta, [phi] -Caroten-3, 4-dione; psi, psi-Caroten-, 4 '-diona; alpha-Carotene 5,6-epoxide; beta-Carotene 5,6-epoxide; Zeta-Carotene epoxide; Carotene oxide; beta, beta-Caroten-3,4, 3 ', 4' -tetrol; beta, beta-Caroten-2, 3, 2 ', 3' - tetrol; beta, beta-Caroten-3,, 3 ', 4' -tetrone; chi, chi-Caroten-3, 6, 3 ', 6' -tetrone; beta, beta-Caroten-2, 3,2'-triol; beta, beta-Caroten-2, 3, 3 '-triol; beta, beta-Caroten-3, 4, 3 '-triol; beta, beta-Caroten-3,, 4 '-triol; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-3, 4, 3 '-triol; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-3, 19, 3 '-triol; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-3, 20, 3 '-triol; beta, beta-Caroten-3, 4, 4 '-trione; beta, beta-Caroten-2-ol; beta, beta-Caroten-3-ol; beta, beta-Caroten-4-ol; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-2-ol; beta, [epsi] '- Caroten-3-ol; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-3 '-ol; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-4-ol; beta, [phi] -Caroten-3-ol; beta, X-Caroten-3-ol; beta, psi-Caroten-3-ol; beta, psi-Caroten- '-ol; [epsi], psi-Caroten-3-ol; [phi], [phi] -Caroten-3-ol; [phi], [phi] -Caroten-16-ol; [phi], [phi] -Caroten-20-ol; Carotenonaldehyde; beta-Carotene; beta, beta-Caroten-2-one; beta, beta-Caroten-4-one; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-2-one; beta, [epsi] -Caroten-4-one; beta, psi-Caroten-4-one; gamma-Caroten-4-one; Alpha-Carotene; Celaxanthin; Chiriquixanthin A; Chiriquixanthin B; Clorelaxanthin; Chlorobactene; Cloroxanthin; Chrysanthemmaxanthin; Citranaxanthin; Alpha-Citraurine; beta-Citraurine; beta-Citraurienne; beta-Citraurinol; Citroxanthin; Compound X; Cp. : Corynejbacteríu / n poinset tiae; Corinexanthin; Corinexanthin glucoside; Cp .; Cp .; Cp .; Crocetin; Gama-Crocetin; Crocetindial (dehido); Crocetin, diglucosyl ester; Crocetin dimethyl ester; Crocetin gentiobiosyl glucosyl diester; Crocetin glycosyl methyl diester; Crocetin monogentiobiosyl ester; Crocetinsemialdehyde; Crocina; Crocoxanthin; Crustaxanthin; Cryptocapsin; Cryptocapsone; Cryptochrome; alpha-Cryptoeutreptielanone; beta-Cryptoeutreptielanone; Crypto-flavinin; Cryptomonaxanthin; Cryptoxanthene; Cryptoxanthin; Alpha-Cryptoxanthin; beta-Cryptoxanthin; Cryptoxanthin 5, 6, 5 ', 6' diepoxide; Cryptoxanthin 5, 6, 5 ', 8' diepoxide; Cryptoxanthin 5,8, 5 ', 8' diepoxide; Cryptoxanthin 5,6-epoxide; Cryptoxanthin 5,8-epoxide; Cryptoxanthol; Cucurbitaxanthin; Cyclic zeta-carotene; Cynthiaxanthin; Decahydro-beta-carotene; 1,2, 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -Dehydro-psi, psi-carotene; 7, 8, 11, 12, 15, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' 15 'Decahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1,2,7,8,11, 12,7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' Decahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1-ol; Decahydrolicopene; Decamphexanthin; Decaprenoxanthin diglucoside; Decaprenoxanthin monoglycoside; Deepoxineoxanthin; Dehydro-see also Bisdehydro-, Didehydro-, MonodehydroDehydroadonirubin; Dehydroadonixanthin; Dehydrocaroteno II; Dehydrocaroteno III; Dehydro-beta-carotene; 3, 4-Dehydro-beta-carotene; 3. 4'- Dehydroga-a-carotene; 3 ', 4' - Dehydrocriptoxanthin; Dehydrogenases-P; Dehydrogenases-P; Dehydrogenases-P; Dehydrogenases-P; Dehydrogenase-P 439 mono-OH; dehydrogenase-phytoene; dehydrogenans-Fitofluen; Dehydrohydroxyquinone; 3 '-Dehydrolutein; 3,4-Dehydrolicopen-16-al; Dehydrolicopene; 3,4-Dehydrolicopene; 15,15 '-Dehydrolicosis; 7 ', 8', 11 '12'-Dehydrononaprene xanthine; 11 ', 12'-Dehydrononaprenoxanthin; 3 ', 4' -Dehydro-17 '(or 18') - oxo-gamma-carotene; Dehydropapilioerytrin; 11,12-Dehydrofitoene; 11 ', 12' -Dehydrofitoene; 2'-Dehydropylethanexanxin; Dehydroretrocarotene; 3,4-Dehydrorhodopine; Dehydrorhodovibrin; 3 ', 4'-Dehydrorubixanthin; Dehydrosqualene; 7, 8, 7 ', 8' - Dehydrozexanthin; 7, 8-Dehydrozeinoxanthin; Desmethyl spheroid (attached); Deoxiflexixanthin; Deoxylutein I; Dehydroxyprecaxanthin; Diadinochrome; Diaxinoxanthin; Dianhydroeschscholtzxanthin; 4, 4 '-Diapo-zeta-carotene; 4, 4 '-Diapocaroten-4-al; 4, 4 '-Diapocaroten-4, 4'-dial; 8, 8 '-Diapocaroten-8, 8'-dial; 6,6'-Diapocaroten-6,6'-dioic acid; 8, 8 '-Diapocaroten-8,8' -dioic acid; 4, 4 '-Diapocaroten-4-oic acid; 4,4'-Diaponeurosporeno; 4, 4 '-Diaponeurosporeno-4- acid oico 4, 4 '-Diapofitoena; 4, '-Diapofitoflueno; 4, 4'-Diapo-7, 8, 11, 12-tetrahydro lycopene; Diatoxanthin; Didehydro-, see also Dehydro-, Monode idro 3 ', 4'-Didehydro-2' -apo-beta-caroten-2 '-al; 3 ', 4' -Dideh'idro-2 '-po-beta-caroten-2' -ol; 7, 8-Didehydroastaxanthin; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-beta, psi-caroten-16 '-al; 3,4- Didehydro-psi, psi-caroten-16-al; 3, 4-Didehydro-beta, beta-carotene; 4,4'-Didehydro-beta-carotene; 3, 4-Didehydro-beta, [epsi] -carotene; 3, 4-Didehydro-beta, [phi] -carotene; 3, 4-Didehydro-beta, X-carotene; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-beta, psi-carotene; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-range, psi-carotene; 7, 8-Didehydro- [phi], [phi] -carotene; 7, 8-Didehydro- [phi], X-carotene; 3,4-Didehydro-psi, psi-carotene; 7, 8-Didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-diol; 7, 8-Didehydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3,3'-diol; 3, 4-Didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-2, 2'-dione; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-beta, psi-caroten-16'-oic acid; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-3-ol; 3 ', 4'-Didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4-ol; 7, 8-Didehydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3-ol; 7, 8-Didehydro-beta, [phi] -caroten-3-ol; 7, 8-Didehydro-beta, X-caroten-3-ol; 3 '34' -Didehydro-beta, psi-caroten-3-ol; 3. 4 ' Didehydro-beta, psi-caroten-16 '-ol; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-beta, psi-caroten-1 8'-ol; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-beta, psi-caroten-4- ona; 7 ', 8' -Didehydro-beta, beta-carotene 3, 4, 3 '-triol; 3, 4-Didehydro-l, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-carotene; 3,4-Didehydro-1, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-20-al; 6,7-Didehydro-5,6-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-diol; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-1 ', 2' -dihydro-beta psi-caroten-3, l'-diol; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-1 ', 2' -dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-1 ', 2'-diol; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-1 ', 2' -dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4, 2'-dione; 3, 4-Didehydro-l, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-l, 2-diol; 7 ', 8' -Didehydro-5,6-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 5, 6, 3 '-tetrol; 6,7-Didehydro-5,6-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 5, 3'-triol; 7? 8 '-Didehydro-5,6-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 5,3'-triol; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-1 ', 2' -dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-2, 1 ', 2'-triol; 1 ', 16' -Didehydro-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-2'-ol; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-1 ', 2' -dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-1 '-ol; 3 ', 4'-Didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-2'-ol; 3,4-Didehydro-1, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-l-ol; 3 ', 4'-Didehydro-18' -hydroxy-gamma-carotene; 7, 8-Didehydroisorenieratene; 3 ', 4' -Didehydro-4-keto-gamma-carotene; 7, 8-Didehydrorenieratene; 4 ', 5' -Didehydro-4,5 '-retro-beta, beta-carotene; 4 ', 5' -Didehydro-4, 5 '-retro-beta, psi-carotene; Didehydroretro-gama-carotene; 4 ', 5' -Didehydro-4, 5'-retro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-diol; 4 ', 5' -Didehydro-4, 5 '-retro- beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-dione; 10 ', 11' -Didehydro-5, 8, 11 ', 12' tetrahydro-10 '-apo-beta-caroten-3, 5,8-triol; 6 ',' -Didehydro-5, 6, 5 ', 6' tetrahydro-beta-eta-caroten-SAjdj5 'jS ^ pentol; 6, 7-Didehydro-5, 6, 5 ', 6'-tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 5, 3', 5 'tetrol; 3,4-Didehydro-1, 2, 7 ', 8' -tetra hydro-psi, psi-caroten-1-ol; Didehydrotrikentriorhodina; 7, 8-Didehydrozeaxanthin; Dyphemethoxylated spirilaxanthin; 1, 2, 1 ', 2' -Diepoxy-2, 2'-bis (3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl) 3, 4-didehydro-1, 2, 1 ', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-carotene; Diepoxy-beta-carotene; 5, 8, 5 ', 8' -Diepoxyriptoxanthin; 5, 6, 5 ', 6' -Diepoxy-5, 6, 5 ', 6' -tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene; 5, 6, 5 ', 8' -Diepoxy-5, 6, 5 ', 8' tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene; 5, 8, 5 ', 8' -Diepoxy-5, 8.5 ', 8' tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene; 5, 6, 5 ', 6' -Diepoxy-5, 6, 5 ', 6'-tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-diol; 5, 6, 5 ', 8' -Diepoxy-5, 6, 5 ', 8' tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-diol; 5, 8, 5 ', 8' -Diepoxy-5, 8, 5 ', 8' tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-diol; 5, 6, 5 ', 6' -Diepoxy-5, 6, 5 ', 6' tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3-ol; 5, 6, 5 ', 8' -Diepoxy-5, 6, 5 ', 8' tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3-ol; 5, 8, 5 ', 8' -Diepoxy-5, 8, 5 ', 8' tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3-ol; 5, 6, 5 ', 8' -Diepoxizeaxanthin; 5, 8, 5 ', 8' -Diepoxizeaxanthin; Digentiobiosil 8,8'-diapocaroten-8,8 '-diioate; Di- (beta, D-glucopyranosi) - 4, 4 '-diapocaroten-4, 4' -diioate; Diglucosyl 8,8'-diapocaroten-8,8 '-diioate; Dihydroanhydrorhodovibrin; 9 ', 10' -Dihydro-9 '-apo-beta-caroten-3, 9'-dione; 9 ', 10' -Dihydro-9 '-apo- [epsi] -caroten-3, 9'-dione; 7 ', 8' -Dihydro-7 '-apo-beta-caroten-8' -one; 5 ', 6' - Dihydro-5 '-apo-18' -nor-beta-caroten-6'-one; • 7,8-Dihydroastaxanthin; beta-Dihydrocarotene; 1,1'-Dihydro-beta-carotene; 3, 4-Dihydro-beta-carotene; 7.7 '-Dihydro-beta-carotene; 7 ', 8' -Dihydro-beta, psi-carotene; 7 ', 8' -Dihydro-gamma-carotene; 7 ', 8' -Dihydro-range, psi-carotene; 7 ', 8' -Dihydro- [delta] -carotene; 7 ', 8' -Dihydro- [epsi], psi-carotene; 1,2-Dihydro-zeta-carotene; 1, 2-Dihydro-psi, psi-carotene; 7,8-Dihydro-psi, psi-carotene; 7, 8-Dihydro-beta, beta-carotene 3, 3'-diol; 7 ', 8' -Dihydro-beta, psi-carotene 3,17'-diol; 9 ', 10' -Dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-3, 17'-diol; 7 ', 8' -Dihydro- [epsi], psi-caroten-3, 17'-diol; 1,2-Dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-l, .20-diol; 5, 6-Dihydro-beta, beta-carotene 3, 5, 6, 3 '-tetrol; 5, 6-Dihydro-beta, beta-carotene 3, 5, 3 '-triol; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-beta, psi-carotene l'-ol; 7 ', 8' -Dihydro-beta, psi-carotene 3-ol; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro- [phi], -psi-Caroten-1 '-ol; 1,2-Dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-1-ol; 5, 6-Dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 5,6,3 '-tetrol; 5, 6-Dihydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3, 5, 6, 3'-tetrol; . 7.8 (or 7 ', 8) - Dihydrodecaprenoxanthin monoglycoside; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-3 ',' -dehydro-3, 1 '-dihydroxy-gamma-carotene; 1,2-Dihydro-3,4-dehydrolicopene; 1, 2-Dihydro-3, 4-dehydro-1-OH-lycopene; 7, 8-Dihydro-, 4'-diapocarotene; 7 ', 8'-Dihydro-4, 4' -diapocaroten-4-al; 7 ', 8' -Dihydro-4,4'-diapocaroten-4-oic acid; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-3 ', 4' -didehydro-3, 1 '-dihydroxy-gamma-caroten-2' il-rhamnoside; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 ', 2' -dihydroxy-4-quetotorulene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-3, 1 '-dihydroxitorulene glucoside; l ', 2'-Dihydro-3, 1' -dihydroxytorulene rhamnoside; l ', 2'-Dihydro-4, 2' -Dicetotorulene; 3 '-Dihydro- [boxH] -doradecino; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-glycosyl-3, 4-dehydrotorulene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-glycosyl-4-quetotorulene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-hydroxy-gamma-carotene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '- idroxiciorobactene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-2 '-hydroxy-3', 4 '-dehydro-4-keto-gamma-carotene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-hydroxy-3, 4-dehydrotorulene glucoside; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-hydroxy-4-keto-gamma-carotene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-hydroxy-4-quetotorulene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-hydroxy-4-quetotorulene glucoside; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-hydroxysfe roideneone; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-hydroxytorulene glucoside; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-hydroxytorulene rhamnoside; 1,2-Dihydrolicopene; l ', 2'-Dihydrolicopene; 7, 8-Dihydrolicopene; 1, 2-Dihydro-l- methoxy-lycopene-20-al; Dihydrometoxilicopeno; 5,6-Dihydro-4-methoxy-lycopene-6-one; 1, 2- Dihydroneurosporeno; 1 ', 2' -Dihydroneurosporene; 1,2-Dihydro-1-OH-lycopene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydro-1 '-OH-toiulene; 2 '-Dihydrofilipsiaxanthin; Dihydrofitoena; 1,2-Dihydrofitoene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydrofitoene; 1,2-Dihydrofitoflueno; 1 ', 2' -Dihydrofitoflueno; 7,8-Dihydro-8, 7 '-retro-beta, beta-carotene; 7 ', 8' - Dihydrorhodovibrin; 7.8 (or 7 ', 8') - Dihydrosarcinaxanthin; 3, -Dihydrosferoidene; 11 ', 12' -Dihydrosferoidene; 3, 4-Dihydrospyriloxanthin; 3,3 '-Dihydroxycantaxanthin; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy-alpha-carotene; 3, 4-Dihydroxy-beta-carotene; 2,3-Dihydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4,4'-dione; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy- [epsi] -carotene; 2, 3 '-Dihydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4,4'-dione; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4,4' -dione; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-beta, [epsi] -caroten-4, 2'-dione; 3,3'-Dihydroxy-beta, chi-caroten-4,6 '-dione; 3,3'- Dihydroxy-chi, chi-caroten-6,6 '-dione; 2, 3-Dihydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3, 2 '-Dihydroxy-beta, [epsi] -caroten-4-one; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-beta, [epsi] -caroten-4-one; 3,3'-Dihydroxy-beta, chi-caroten-6'-one; 3, 8-Dihydroxy-chi, X-caroten-6-one; 3,3 '-Dihydroxyhydro-beta-carotene; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-7,8-dehydro-beta-carotene; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-7, 8, 7', 8 '-dehydro-beta-carotene; 3,3'-Dihydroxy-7,8-dehydro-beta-caroten-5 ', 6'-epoxide; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy-2,3-didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4,4'-dione; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4,' -dione; 3 ', 8' -Dihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-beta, chi-caroten-3 ', 6'-dione; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy-2,3-didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy-7', 8 '-didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3,4'-Dihydroxy-2,3-didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-2, 3-didehydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-4-one; 3, 8-Dihydroxy-7 ', 8' -didehydro-chi, X-caroten-6-one; 3,6 '-Dihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-6', 7'-dihydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3 ', 8'-dione; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-7', 8 'dihydro-beta, chi-caroten-6', 8'-dione; 3,1 '-Dihydroxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; 1 ', 2' -Dihydroxy-3 ', 4' -didehydro-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; 3, 5-Dihydroxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6,7 ', 8'-tetrahydro-7' -apo-beta-caroten-8'-one; 6, 3 '-Dihydroxy-7', 8 '-didehydro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3,8-dione; 3,3'-Dihydroxy-5, 8, 5 ', 8' -diepoxy-beta-carotene; 5,6-Dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-10'-apo-beta-caroten-10'-al; 5,6-Dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-10'-apo-beta-caroten-10 ', -oic acid; 5,6-Dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro 12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-oic acid; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-7,8-dihydro- beta, beta-caroten-4, 4'-dione; 3, 1 '-Dihydroxy-1 *, 2' -dihydrotorulene; 1 ', 2' -Dihydroxy-1 ', 2' -dihydrotorulene; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy-4,4' -Diceto-beta-carotene; 3,3'-Dihydroxy-2, 2'-dino-beta, beta-caroten-4,4'-dione-3, 3'-diacylate; 3, 19-Dihydroxy-3 ', 6'-dioxo-7,8-didehiro-beta, chi-caroten-17-al; 1, 1 '-Dihydroxy-2, 2' -diramnosyl-1, 2, 1 ', 2' -tetrahydro-3,, 3 ',' -tetrahydrolicopene; 3,3'- Dihydroxiecinenone; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy-5,6-epoxy-alphacarotene; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-5,8-epoxy-alpha-carotene; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-5,6-epoxy-beta-carotene; 3,3'- Dihydroxy-5,8-epoxy-beta-carotene; 2- (Dihydroxyisopentenyl) -2 '-isopentenyl-beta-carotene; 3,3'-Dihydroxyisorenieratene; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-4-keto-g-carotene; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxylutechromo; Dihydroxilicopeno; 3, 1 '-Dihydroxy-2' - (5-C-methylpentosiloxy) -3 ', 4' -didehydro-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; Dihydroxineurosporeno; 2 ', 3'-Dihydroxy-2-nor-beta, beta-caroten-3, -dione; 3,3'-Dihydroxy-2-nor-13-beta, beta-caroten-4,4'-dione-3-acylate; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-2-nor-13-beta, beta-caroten-4,4' -dione-3, 3'-di-acylate; 1, 2-Dihydroxyfitofluene; Dihydroxypyriddixanthin; 3,3 '-Dihydroxiretro-beta-carotene; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy-2, 3, 2', 3 '-tetradehydro-beta, beta-carotene-4,4' -dione; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy- 7, 8, 7 '; 8 '-tetradehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4,' -dione; 3,3 '-Dihydroxy-2, 3, 2', 3 '-tedehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4,' -dione dipalmitate; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-7, 8, 7', 8 '-tetradehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 1, 1-Dihydroxy-3,4, 3 ', 4'-tetrahydro-1, 2, 1', 2'-tetrahydrod-psi, psi-caroten-2, 2'-dione; 3,8'-Dihydroxy-5 ', 6', 7 ', 8', tetrahydro-5'-apo-18 '-nor-beta-caroten-6'-one; 1,1'-Dihydroxy-1,2, 1 '2' -tetrahydro-zeta-carotene; 5,5 '-Dihydroxy-5, 6, 5', 6 '-tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-dione; 3, 3 '-Dihydroxy-7, 8, 7', 8 '-tetrahydro-chi, chi-caroten-6,6'-dione; 9 ', 10' -Dihydro-beta-zeacarotene 3, 17'-iol; Diceto-, see also Dioxo-o-dione 2,2'-Dicetobacterioruberine; 3, 4-Diceto-beta-carotene; 4, 4 '-Diceto-beta-carotene; 4, 4 '-Diceto-gama-carotene; 4,4 '-Dicetocintiaxanthin; 3,3 '-Dicetodehydro-beta-carotene; 4, '-Dicetolicopene; Dicetopirardixanthin; 3,3 '-Dicetoretro-beta-earotene; 3,3'- Dicetoretrodehidro-beta-carotene; 2,2'-Dicetospyriloxanthin; 4, 4 '-Diceto-7, 8, 7', 8'-hydrozeaxanthin; 3,3'-dimethoxy-beta, beta-carotene; 3, 3 '-Dimethoxy-beta, [epsi] -carotene; 3, 3 '-Dimethoxy-gamma-carotene; 3,3'-Dimethoxy-3 ',' -dehydro-gamma-carotene; 1, 1 '-Dimethoxy-3, 4-didehydro-l, 2,1', 2 ', 7', 8 '-hexahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1, 1 '-Dimethoxy- 3, 4-didehydro-l, 2,1 ', 2', 7 ', 8' -hexahydro-psi, psi-caroten-2-one; 1,1'-dimethoxy-3,4-didehydro-1,2,1 ', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1,1'-dimethoxy-3 ', 4' -didehydro-1,2,1 ', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-4-one; 1,1'-dimethoxy-1, 2, 7, 8, 1 ', 2' -hexahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1, 1-Dimetoxy-l, 2,7,8, 11, 12, 1 ', 2'-octahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1,1'-dimethoxy-3, 4, 3 ', 4'-tetrahydro-1, 2, 1', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1,1'-dimethoxy-3, 4, 3 ', 4'-tetrahydro-1, 2, 1', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-2, 2'-dione; 1,1'-dimethoxy-1,2, '1', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-20-al; 1,1'-dimethoxy-1, 2, 1 ', 2' -tetrahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1,1'-dimethoxy-1, 2, 1 ', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-4,4'-dione; 1,1'-dimethoxy-1,2,1,1 ', 2'-tetrahydrolicopene; 1, 1 '-Dimethoxy-1, 1', 2, 2 '-tetrahydroneurosporene; Dimethylcrocetin; Dimethyl-6,6'-diapocaroten-6,6 '-diioate; Dimethyl-8,8 '-diapocaroten-8,8' -diioate; Dineapolitanosil-8,8'-diapocaroten-8,8 '-diioate; 2, 2-Dinor-beta, beta-caroten-3, 4, 3 ', 4' tetrone; Dihoxanthin; 3, 3 '-Dioxy-4-oxo-beta-carotene; Dioxo-, see also Diceto-o-dione 5,6-Dioxo-lO'-apo-5,6-seco-beta-caroten-10'-al; 5, 6, 5 ', 6' - Disseco-beta, beta-carotene 5, 6,5 ', 6'-tetrone; 7, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12', 15 '-Dodecahydro 13, 15': 14, 15 'bisciclo-15, 15' -seco-psi, psi-caroten-15-ol; Dodecahydrolicopene; Alpha-Doradecine; beta-Doradecin; alpha-Doradexanthin; beta-Doradexanthin; Equinenone; Equininone; Eloxanthin; 6-Epicarpoxanthin; 3 '-Epilutein; 5,6- Epoxy-alpha-carotene; 5, 8-Epoxy-alpha-carotene; 5,8-Epoxy-beta-carotene; 1, 2-Epoxy-l, 2, 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -decahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 5, 6-Epoxy-7 ', 8' -didehydro-5,6-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-diol; 5, 8-Epoxy-7 ', 8' -didehydro-5,8-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-diol; 1 ', 2' -Epoxy-3 ',' -didehydro-1, 2 '-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-2-ol; 5'6'-Epoxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6,5 ', 6'-tetrahydro-beta-beta-caroten-3, 5, 19 (or 19'), 3'-tetrol; 5'6'-Epoxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6,5 ', 6'-tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene-3,5,3'-triol; 5 ', 6'-Epoxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6,6,6'-tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 5,3'-triol 3-acetate; 5 ', 8' -Epoxy-6, 7-didehydro-5, 6, 5 ', 8'-tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 5,3'-triol; 5, 6-Epoxy-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-3, 12'-diol; 5,8-Epoxy-5,8-dihydro-10'-apo-beta-caroten-3, 10'-diol; 5, 8-Epoxy-5,8-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-3, 12'-diol; 5, 6-Epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, beta-carotene; 5,8-Epoxy-5,8-dihydro-beta, beta-carotene; 5, 6-Epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, [epsi] -E-carotene; 5, 8-Epoxy-5, 8-dihydro- beta, [epsi] -carotene; 1 ', 2' -Epoxy-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-carotene; 1 ', 2' -Epoxy-1 ', 2' -dihydro- [epsi], psi-carotene; 1, 2-Epoxy-1, 2-dihydro-psi, psycarotene; 5, 6-Epoxy-5,6-dihydro-psi, psi-carotene; 5, 6-Epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-diol; , 8-Epoxy-5,8-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-diol; 5, 6-Epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3, 3'-diol; 5, 6-Epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3, 3'-diol dipalmitate; 5, 8-Epoxy-5", 8-dihydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3, 3'-diol, 5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3, 3 ', 6' -triol; 5, 8-Epoxy-5,8-dihydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3, 3 ', 6'-triol; 5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro- beta, beta-caroten-2-ol, 5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3-ol, 5 ', 8'-epoxy-5', 8'-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-3-ol; 5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-2-ol; 5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten- 3-ol; 5, 8-Epoxy-5,8-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-3-ol; 5, 8-Epoxy-3, 3'-dihydroxy-alpha-carotene; 5,6-Epoxy- 3, 3 '-dihydroxy-7', 8 'didehydro-5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydrod-beta, beta-caroten-8-one; 5', 6'- Epoxy-3, 3'-dihydroxy-7 , 8-didehydro-5 ', 6' -dihydro-10, 11, 20-trinor-beta, beta-caroten-19 ', 11' -olide; 5 ', 6' -Expo-3, 3 '- dihydroxy-4,7-didehydro-5 ', 6'-dihydro-10, 11, 20-trinor-beta, beta-caroten-19', 11'-olide 3-acetate; 5 ', 6'-Epoxy-3 , 3 '-dihydroxy-7, 8- didehydro-5 ', 6' -dihydro-10, 11, 20-trinor-beta, beta-caroten-19 ', 11' -olide 3-acetate; 5, 6-Epoxy-3, 3'-dihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, chi-caroten-6'-one; 5, 8-Epoxy-3, 3'-dihydroxy-5,8-dihydro-beta, chi-caroten-6'-one; 5, 6-Epoxy-3, 3 '-dihydroxy-5, 6, 7', 8 '-tetrahydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-11', 19 '-olide; 1 ', 2' -Epoxy-2 '- (2,3-Epoxy-3-methylbutyl) -2- (3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl) -3', 4'-didehydro-1, 2, 1 ', 2 '-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-l-ol; 1, 2-Epoxy-1, 2, 7, 8, 7 ', 8' -hexahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 5, 6-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-8 '-apo-beta-caroten-8'-al; 5, 6-Epoxy-5,6-dihydro-10'-apo-beta-caroten-3, 10'-diol; 5, 8-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-gamma-carotene; 5,8-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,8-dihydro-8'-apo-beta-caroten-8'-al; 5,6-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-10'-Apo-beta-caroten-10 ', -al 502; 5,6-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al; 5,6-Epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,6,7 ', 8'-tetrahydro-7' -apo-beta-caroten-8'-one; 5, 8- Epoxilutein; 1, 2-Epoxy-1, 2, 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8' octahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1, 2-Epoxy-1, 2, 7, 8, 7 ', 8', 11 ',' 12 'octahydro-psi, psi-carotene; l ', 2'-Epoxy-7, 8, 11, 12, 1', 2 ', 7', 8 '-octahydro-beta, psi-caroten-2-ol; 1, 2-Epoxyfitoene; 5, 8-Epoxirubixantin; 5'8'-Epoxy-5, 6, 5 ', 8'-tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 5, 6, 3' -tetrol; 5'6'-Epoxy-5, 6,5 ', 6'-tetrahydro-beta-beta-caroten-3, 5, 6, 3' -tetrol; 5,6-Epoxy- 3 ', 4', 7 ', 8' -tetradehydro-5,6-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 5, 6-Epoxy-3, 3 ', 5', 19 '-tetra-hydroxy-6', 7'-didehydro-5, 6, 7, 8, 5 ', 6' -hexahydro-beta, beta-caroten -8-ona 3 '-acétate 19' -hexanoate; 5,6-Epoxy-3,3 ', 5'-trihydroxy-6', 7'-didehydro-5,6,7,8,5 ', 6'-hexahydro-beta, beta-caroten-8-one; 5, 6-Epoxy-3, 3 ', 5' -trihydroxy-6 ', 7'-hydrode-5,6,7,8,5', 6'-hexahydro-beta, beta-carotene-8-one 3 '-acetate; 5'6'-Epoxy-3,5,3'-trihydroxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6,5 ', 6'-tetrahydro-10,11,20-trinor-beta, beta-caroten-19' , 11 '-olida; 5'6'-Epoxy-3, 5,3 '-trihydroxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6,5,6'-tetrahydro-10,11,20-trinor-beta, beta-caroten-19', 11 '-olide 3-acetate; 4 ', 5' -Epoxy-3, 6, 3 '-trihydroxy-7, 8, 4', 5 ', 7', 8 '-hexahydro-gamma, [epsi] -caroten-8-one; 5, 6-Epoxizexanthin; 5, 8-Epoxizexanthin; Eschscholtzxanthin; Eschscholtzxanthona; 4'-Ethoxy-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 4'-Ethoxy-4-keto-beta-carotene; Euglenanone; Euglenarhodon; Eutreptielanone; Flavacine; Flavochrome; Flavorhodina; Flavoxanthin; Flexixanthin; Foliachrome; Foliaxanthin; Fritschiellaxanthin; Fucochrome; Fucoxanthin; Fucoxanthinol; Fucoxanthol; Gazaniaxanthin; beta, D ^ Gentiobiosyl beta, D-glucosyl 8,8 '-diapocaroten-8,8' -diioate; Gentiobiosyl hydrogen-8,8 '-diioate; Gentiobiosyl neapolitanosyl 8,8 '-diapocaroten-8,8' -diioate; beta, D-glucosyl hydrogen-4,4'-diapocaroten-4,4 '-diioate; '-beta, D-glucosyl 4-hydrogen-7', 8 '-dihydro-4,' -diapocaroten-4, 4 '-diioate; beta, D-glucosyl hydrogen-8,8 '-diapocaroten-8,8' -diioate; beta, D-glucosyl methyl-8,8'-diapocaroten-8,8 '-diioate; Glucopyranosyloxy (see Glucosiloxy); 4-Glucosyloxy-4,4 'diaponeurosporeno; 1 '-Glucosyloxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-carotene; 1- Glucosyloxy-3, -didehydro-l, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-carotene; 2 '-Glucosiloxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-3, 1'-diol; 1 '-Glucosiloxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-3-ol; 1 '-Glucosiloxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-2'-ol; 1 '-Glucosiloxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; 1-Glucosyloxy-3,4-didehydro-l, 2,7,7 ', 8'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1-Glucosyloxy-1, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-20-al; 1-Glucosyloxy-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-carotene; 1 '-Glycosyloxy-1', 2'-dihydro- [phi], psi-carotene; 1-Glucosyloxy-1,2, -dihydro-psi, psi-carotene; 4-Glucosyloxy-7 ', 81-dihydro-4,4'-diapocarotene; 1 '-glycosyloxy-2' -hydroxy-3 ', 4' -didehydro-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-opna 2- (4- Glucosyloxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -2 '- (4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -gamma, gamma-carotene; 2- (4-Glucosyloxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -2 '- (4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-buteni L) - [epsi], [epsi] -carotene; 2- (4-Glucosyloxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -2 '- (4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -7,8-dihydro- [epsi], [epsi] -carotene; 2 '- (4-glucosiloxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -2- (3-methyl-2-butenyl) - [epsi], [epsi] -caroten-18-ol; 2- [3- (Glucosyloxy) -3-methylbutyl] -2'- (3-hydroxy-3-methylybutyl) -3, 4, 3 ', 4' -tetradehydro-1, 2, 1 ', 2' -tetrahydro -psi, psi-caroten-1, l'-diol; 1-Glucosyloxy-3,, 3 *, 4 '-tetradehydro-1', 2"-dihydro-beta, psi-carotene, glycimerin, Guaraxanthin, Halocintiaxanthin, Helenien, Heteroxanthin, Hexadecahydrolicopene, 2, 3, 2 ', 3 ', 5' -Hexadehydro-4, 5 '-retro-beta, beta-carotene; 1,2,7,8,11,12- Hexahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1,2, 7, 8,1' , 2 '-Hexahidro-psi, psi-carotene; 1,2, 7, 8, 7', 8 '-Hexahidro-psi, psi-carotene; 7, 8, 11, 12, 7', 8 '-Hexahidro- psi, psi-carotene; 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8' -Hexahidro-beta, psi-caroten-2-ol; 15,7 ', 8', 11 ', 12', 15 '-Hexahidro -beta,? si-caroten-2-ol; 1, 2, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -Hexahidro-psi, psi-caroten-1-ol; 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8' -Hexahidro-psi, psi-caroten-16-ol; 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8' -Hexahidro-4, 4'-diapocarotene; 1, 2, 7, 8, 11, 12-hexahydrolycopene; 1 ', 2', 7 ', 8' 11 ',' 12 '-Hexahidrolicopene; 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8' -Hexahidrolicopene; 7,8,1 ', 2', 7 ', 8' -Hexahidrolicopene; 3, 4, 3 *, 4 ', 7 *, 8'-Hexahydrospyrilloxanthin; 19 '-Hexanoiloxifucoxanthin; 19-Hexanoyloxyparacentrone; 1-Hexosyl-1, 2-dihydro-3, 4-didehydroapo-8 '-licopenol; O-Hexosyl-1 '-hydroxy-1', 2'-dihydro-gamma-carotene; O-Hexosi-l-4-keto-l '-hydroxy-1', 2'-dihydro-3 ', 4'-didehydro-gamma-carotene; Hopkinsiaxanthin; Hydroxy-, see also Monohydroxy-, OH or -13-Hydroxy-beta-apo-2-carotenal; 3-Hydroxy-8 '-apo-beta-caroten-8' -al; 3-Hydroxy-10 '-Apo-beta-caroten-10' -al: 3-Hydroxy-12 '-apo-beta-caroten-12' -al; 3-Hydroxy-8 '-apo- [epsi] -caroten-8' -al; 3-Hydroxy-8 '-apo-beta-caroten-8'-oic acid; 9'-Hydroxy-9 '-apo-beta-caroten-3-one; 9'-Hydroxy-9 '-apo- [epsi] -caroten-3-one; Hydroxidosteroidenone; 3-Hydroxycanthaxanthin; 3-Hydroxy-beta,? Si-caroten-18 '-al; 3-Hydroxy-alpha-carotene; 3'-Hydroxy-alpha-carotene; 4-Hydroxy-alpha-carotene; 2-Hydroxy-beta-carotene; 3-Hydroxy-beta-carotene; 4-Hydroxy-beta-carotene; 3-Hydroxy-gamma-carotene; 4'-Hydroxy-ga ma-carotene; 3-Hydroxy- [deity] -carotene; 2-Hydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4,4'-dione; 3-Hydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4,4'-dione; 3'-Hydroxy-beta, eta-caroten-3, 4-dione; 4'-Hydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-3, 4-dione; 3-Hydroxy-beta, [epsi] -caroten-4, 3'-dione; 3'-Hydroxy-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3,4-dione; 3-Hydroxy-beta, chi-caroten-3 ', 6'-dione; 3'-Hydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-3, 4,4'-trione; 2'-Hydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-2-one; 2-Hydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3-Hydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3'-Hydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 4'-Hydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; • 3-Hydroxy-beta, [epsi] -caroten-4-one; 3-Hydroxy-beta, [epsi] -caroten-3'-one; 3'-Hydroxy-beta, chi-caroten-6 '-one; 3-Hydroxy-beta, psi-caroten-4 '-one; 3-Hydroxy-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; 3-Hydroxy- [epsi], [epsi] -caroten-3 '-one; 3'-Hydroxy-psi, psi-caroten-4-one; 3- Hydroxycyanxanthin; 3-Hydroxy-7,8-dehydro-alpha-carotene; 3'-Hydroxy-3, 4-dehydro-beta-carotene; 3-Hydroxy-3 ', 4' -delhidro-gamma-carotene; 4-Hydroxy-4,4'-diaponeurosporene; 3-Hydroxy-2, 3-didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4, '-dione; 2'-Hydroxy-3, 4-didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-2-one; 3-Hydroxy-2, 3-didehydro-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3-Hydroxy-2, 3-didehydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-4-one; 3-Hydroxy-2, 3-didehydro-beta, X-caroten-4-one; 3-Hydroxy-2, 3-didehydro-beta, [phi] -caroten-4-one; 3-Hydroxy-3 ',' -didehydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; 3-Hydroxy-7,8-didehydro-7 ', 8'-dihydrd-7' -apo-beta-caroten-4,8'-dione; 3-Hydroxy-7,8-didehydro-7 ', 8'-dihydro-7' -apo-beta-caroten-8'-one; 3-Hydroxy-7 ', 8' -didehydro-7,8-dihydro-chi, X-caroten-6,8-dione; 1 '-Hydroxy-3' 4 '- didehydro-1 '2' -dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; 1 '-Hydroxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-2'-one; 2'-Hydroxy-3 ', 4' -didehydro-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; 5-Hydroxy-4 ', 5' -didehydro-4,5-dihydro-4,5 '-rethro-beta, beta-caroten-3, 3'-dione; 3'-Hydroxy-2 ', 3'-didehydro-2-nor-beta, beta-caroten-3, 4,4'-trione; 3'-Hydroxy-4 '5' -didehydro-4,5 '-rethro-beta-beta-caroten-3-one; 3-Hydroxy-5, 8, 5 ', 8'-diepoxy-beta-carotene; 3-Hydroxy-7 ', 8' -dihydro-7 '-apo-beta-caroten-8'-one; 3-Hydroxy-5 ', 6'-dihydro-5' -apo-18 '-nor-beta-caroten-6'-one; 1-Hydroxy-1,2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-20-al; 1'-Hydroxy-1 ', 2'-dihydro-gamma-carotene; 3-Hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-chi, X-caroten-6,8-dione; 4'-Hydroxy-5 ', 6'-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 1'-Hydroxy-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; 8'-Hydroxy-7 ', 8'-dihydrocitranaxanthin; 4-Hydroxy-7 ', 8' -dihydro-4,4'-diapocarotene; 4'-Hydroxy-5 ', 6'-dihydrocholineenone; 1'-Hydroxy-1 ', 2'-dihydro-2-isopentenyl-2' - (hydroxyisopentenyl) torulene; 1-Hydroxy-l, 2-dihydrolicopene; 1-Hydroxy-l, 2-dihydroneurosporene; 1'-Hydroxy-1 ', 2'-dihydroneurosporene; 1-Hydroxy-l, 2-dihydrophitoene; 1 (or 1 ') -Hydroxy-1, 2 (or 1', 2 ') -dihydrofitofluene; 8'-Hydroxy-7 ', 8'-dihydroreticulataxanthin; 1 '-Hidroxy-1', 2 '- dihydrospheroidide; 2'-Hydroxy-1 ', 2'-dihydrotorulene; 2-Hydroxy-1 ', 2'-dihydrotorulen-1', 2'-oxide; 5-Hydroxy-5,6-dihydrozeaxanthin; 3-Hydroxy-3 ', 4' -diceto-alpha-carotene; 3-Hydroxy-4, '-diceto-beta-carotene; 3'-Hydroxy-3, 4-diketo-beta-carotene; 2'-Hydroxy-3,1 '-dimethoxy-3', 4'-didehydro-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; 4-Hydroxy-3 ', 4'-dioxo-beta-carotene; 2-Hydroxy-zechinenone; 3-Hydroxy-zechinenone; 3 '-Hydroxiechinenone; 4 '-Hydroxiechinenone; 3-Hydroxy-5, 8-Epoxy-beta-carotene; 3'-Hydroxy-3,6-Epoxy-5,6-dihydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-4-one; 3'-Hydroxy-3,6-epoxy-7 ', 8'-didehydro-5,6-dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3 '-Hidroxieuglenanone; 2'-Hydroxyflexixanthin; 1-Hydroxy-1, 2, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -hexahydrolicopene; 1 '-Hidroxy-3,, 1', 2 ', 11', 12 'hexahydrosferoidene; 2- (4-Hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-2-butenyl) -2 '- (3-methy1-2-butenyl) -beta, beta-carotene; 3-Hydroxyisorene-eratene; 3-Hydroxy-4-keto-alpha-carotene; 3-Hydroxy-3 '-keto-alpha-carotene'; 3-Hydroxy-4-keto-beta-carotene; 3-Hydroxy-4'-keto-beta-carotene; 4-Hydroxy-4'-keto-beta-carotene; 1'-Hydroxy-2 '-keto-1', 2'-dihydrotorulene; 3-Hydroxy-3 '-keto-retrodehydrocarotene; 19-Hydroxylutein; 16-Hydroxylycopene; 3-Hydroxy-3 '-methoxy-beta-carotene; 1'-Hydroxy-1-methoxy-3, 4-didehydro-1, 2, 1 '2' 7 '8' - hexahydro-psi, psi-caroten-2-one; 1'-Hydroxy-1-methoxy-1,2,1 ', 2', 7 ', 8'-hexahydro-psi, psi-caroten-4-one; 1'-Hydroxy-l-Methoxy-3,4,3 ', 4'-tetrahydro-1, 2, 1', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-2-one; 1'-Hydroxy-1-methoxy-1, 2, 1 ', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-4-one; 2- (4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1-2-butenyl) -beta, beta-carotene; 2- (4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) - [epsi], psi-carotene; 2- (3-Hydroxymethyl-but-2-enyl) -7 ', 8'-dihydro- [delta] -carotene; 2- (4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -7 ', 8' -dihydro- [epsi], psi-carotene; 2- (4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -2 '- (3-methyl-2-butenyl) - [epsi], [epsi] -carotene; 2- (4H-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -2 '- (3-methyl-2-butenyl) - [epsi], [epsi] -caroten-18-ol; 2 '- (4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -2- (3-methyl-2-buteyl) -3'4' -didehydro-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi caroten-1 '-ol; 2 (or 2 ') - (4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -2' (or 2) - (3-methyl-2-butenyl) -3 ', 4' -didehydro-1 ', 2 '-dihidro- [epsi], psi-caroten-l' -ol; 2 '- (4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -2- (3-methyl-2-butenyl) -7,8 (or 7', 8 ') -dihydro- [epsi], [epsi] -caroten-18-ol; 2- (4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -1,8,7 ', 8'-tetrahydro- [epsi], psi-carotene; 2- (4-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl) -7 ', 8', 11 ', 12'-tetrahydro- [epsi], psi-carotene; 16- (3-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyl) -16 '- (3-methyl-2-butenyl) -7,8,11,12,15,7', 8 ', 11', 12 ', 15' - decahydro-psi, psi carotene; 2- (3-Hydroxy-3-methylbutyl) -2 '- (3-methyl-2-butenyl) -3,4,3', 4'-tetrahydro-1, 2, 1 ', 2'-tetrahydro-psi , psi-caroten-1, 1 '-diol; 2-Hydroxy-monocyclic-phytofluene; '4-Hydroxymixoxanthophyll; Hydroxineurosporeno; 15-Hydroxy-7 *, 8 ', 9', 10", 11 ', 12', 13 ', 14' -octahydro-6 * -apo-beta-caroten-7'-one; 1 * -Hydroxy-3 , 4, 7, 8, 1 ', 2', 11 ', 12'-octahydrosferoidene, 3'-Hydroxy-4-oxo-beta-carotene, 3-Hydroxy-4-oxo-2,3-dehydro-beta- carotene; 4'-Hydroxy-3-oxoequinenone; Hydroxyfitoene; Hydroxyfluene; 4'-Hydroxy-4-oxo-pirardixanthin; 2-Hydroxypylethanexanthin; 3-Hydroxy-4, 5 '-retro-5' -apo-beta-caroten-5'-one; 3-Hydroxy-4 ', 12' -retro-beta, beta-caroten-3 ', 12'-dione; 3'-Hydroxyrubixanthin; 3'-Hydroxy-5,6-seco-beta, beta-caroten-5,6-dione; 3-Hydroxisemi-beta-carotenone; 3-Hydroxylaxanthin; Hydroxy spheroid; Hydroxy steroidone; Hydroxypyrilloxanthine; 8'-Hydroxy-5 ', 6', 7 ', 8'-tetrahydro-5' -a? O-18 '-nor-beta-caroten-6'-one; 4'-Hydroxy-5, 6, 5 ', 6'-tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten -one; l-Hydroxy-3, 4, 3 ', 4' -tetradehydro-1,2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-2-one; 1-Hydroxy-1, 2, 7 ', 8'-tetrahydrolicopene; 1'-Hydroxy-3, 4, 1 ', 2' -tetrahydrosferoidene; 3-Hydroxytorulene; 16 '-Hydroxitorulene; 18 '-Hydroxitorulene; 3-Hydroxy- 3 ', 4' -triquet-beta-carotene; 3-Hydroxy-beta-zeacarotene; 5-Hydroxizexanthin; Idoxanthin; Isoagelaxanthin A; . Isobixin; Isocarotene; Iso-.zeta-carotene; Iso-zeta-carotene; Isocrocetin; Isocriptoxanthin; Isofucoxanthin; Isofucoxanthinol; Isolutein; Isomethylbixin; Isomityloxanthin; 2-Isopentenyl-3, 4-dehydrorhodopine; Isorenieratene; beta-Isorenieratene; 3,3'-Isorenieratenediol; 3-Isorenieratenol; Isotedaniaxanthin; Isotedanin; Isozaxanthin; Karpoxanthin; keto-, see also oxo or-a ketocapsanthin; 4-ketocapsanthin; 4-Keto-alpha-carotene; 4-Keto-beta-carotene; 4-Keto-gamma-carotene; 4-Ketocynthiaxanthin: 4-Keto-3 ', 4' -dehydro-beta-carotene; 4-Keto-l ', 2' -dihydro-1 '-hydroxytorulene; 2-Keto-7 ', 8' -dihydrorhodovibrin; 4-Keto-3, 3'-dihydroxy-alpha-carotene; 4 '-Ceta-3-hydroxy-gamma-carotene; 4-Keto-3 '-hydroxylycopene; 4-Cetolutein 332 4-ketomixol 2 '- (methylpentósido); 4-Cetomixoxantofil; 2-Keto-OH-spiriloxanthin; 4-Cetofleixantófila; 2-ketorhodovibrin; 4'-Cetorubixanthin; 2-Cetospyriloxanthin; 4-Cetotorulene; 4-Ketozeaxanthin; Lactucaxanthin; Latochrome; Latoxanthin; leproten; Lilixanthin; Loniceraxanthin; Loroxanthin; Lusomycin; Lutein; Lutein dimethyl ether; Lutein dipalmitate; Epoxide lutein; Lutechromo; Luteol; Luteoxanthin; Lycopenal; Licopen-20-al; Lycopene; -Licopene-16, 16'-diol; Lycopene 1,2-epoxide; Lycopene 5,6-epoxide; Lycopene-16-ol; Lycopene-20-ol; Lycopene; Licofil; Lycoxanthin; Mactraxanthin; Manixanthin; 1-Mannosyloxy-3,4-didehydro-l, 2-dihydro-8 '-apo-psi-caroten-8'-ol; 3'-Methoxy-beta, beta-caroten-3-ol; 3-Methoxy-beta, X-carotene; 1-Methoxy-1, 2, 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -decahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1'-Methoxy-1, 2, 7, 8, 11, 12, 1 ', 2', 7 ', 8' -decahydro-ps? Psi-caroten-l-ol; l-Methoxy-3, -didehydro-l, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-20-al; 1 '-Metoxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-carotene; l-Methoxy-3, 4-didehydro-1,2-dihydro-psi, psi-carotene; l-Methoxy-3, 4-didehydro-1,2,7 ', 8', 11 ', 12'-hexahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1'-Methoxy-3 ', 4'-didehydro-l, 2,7,8, 1', 2 '-hexahydro-psi, psi-caroten-l-ol; l-Methoxy-3, 4-didehydro- 1, 2, 7 ', 8' -tetrahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1 '-Metoxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1, 2, 1', 2 '-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-l-ol; l-Methoxy-3; 4-didehydro-1, 2, 7 ', 8' -tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-2-one; 1-Methoxy-1, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-20-al; 1-Methoxy-1, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1 '-Metoxy-1', 2 '-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4' -one; 1 '-Metoxy-1', 2 '-dihydro-X, psi-caroten-4' -one; 1-Methoxy-1, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-4-one; 1'-Methoxy-1 ', 2'-dihydro-3', 4'-dehydro-gamma-carotene; 1-Methoxy-l, 2-dihydro-3,4-dehydrolicopene; 1-Methoxy-1, 2-dihydro-3, 4-didehydrolicopen-20-al; 1-Methoxy-1, 2-dihydrolicopene; 4-Methoxy-5,6-dihydrolicopene; 1-Methoxy-1,2-dihydroneurosporene; 1-Methoxy-1, 2-dihydrophitoene; 1-Methoxy-1, 2-dihydrofitofluene; 1'-Methoxy-1 ', 2'-dihydrospheroidide; 3-Methoxy-19,3 '-dihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-beta, chi-caroten-6', 8'-dione; 1-Methoxy-1, 2, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -hexahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1'-Methoxy-1, 2, 7, 8, 1 ', 2' -hexahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1-ol; 1-Methoxy-1, 2, 7 ', 8' 11 ', 12' -hexahydro-psi, psi-caroten-4-one; 1-Methoxy-1'-hydroxy-1, 2, 1 ', 2' -tetrahydrofitofluene; l-Methoxy-2-keto-7 ', 8' -dihydro-3,4-dehydrolicopene; Methoxilicopenal; 1-Methoxy-1, 2, 7, 8, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -octahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1'-Methoxy-1, 2, 7, 8, 11, 12, 1 ', 2' -octahydro-psi, psi-caroten-l-ol; l-Methoxy-4-oxo-l, 2-dihydro-8 '-apo-psi-caroten-8'-al; l-Methoxy-4-oxo-l, 2-dihydro-12'-apo-psi-caroten-12'-al; Methoxylfitoene; Metoxifitoflueno; Metoxisphenoid; 1-Metoxy-3, 4, 3 ', 4' -tedehydro-1, 2, 1 ', 2' -tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1-ol; 1-Methoxy-1, 2, 7 ', 8' -tetrahydro-psi, psi carotene; 1-Methoxy-1, 2, 7 ', 8' -tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-4-one; 1-Methoxy-1, 2, 7 ', 8' -tetrahydro-3, 4-dehydrolicopene; 3-Methoxy-19, 3 ', 8' -trihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-beta, chi-caroten-6'-one; Methyl 4 '-apo-beta-carotene-4'-oate; Methyl 8 '-apo-beta-caroten-8' -oate; Methyl 6 '-apo-psi-caroten-6' -oate; Methyl apo-6'-lycopenatoate; Methylbixin; 2- (3-Methyl-2-butenyl) beta, beta-caroten-18 (or 18 ') -ol; 2- (3-Methyl-2-butenyl) -3,4-didehydro-l, 2-dihydro-psi, psi-caroten-l-ol; 2- (3-Methyl-2-butenyl) -7, 8,7 ', 8' -tetrahydro- [epsi], psi-caroten-18-ol; Methyl 3 ', 4' -didehydro-beta, psi-caroten-16'-oate; Methyl 1-hexosyl-l, 2-dihydro-3, -didehydro-apo-8 '-licopenoate; Methyl hydrogen 6,6'-diapocaroten dioate; Methyl 1-mannosiloxy-3,4-didehydro-l, 2-dihydro-8 '-apo-psi-caroten-8'-oate; Methyl 1 '-Metoxy-4' -oxo-1 ', 2' -dihydro-X, psi-caroten-16 (or 17 or 18) -oate; 2 '- (0-Methyl-5-C-methylpentosiloxy) -3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-3, l-diol; Metrideno; Mimulaxanthin; Monadoxanthin; Monoanhydrobacterioruberin; Monodehydro-beta-carotene; Monodehydrolicopene; Monodemethyl (ated) spiriloxanthin; Monoepoxy-, see Epoxy-Monohydroxy cyclophitoene; Monohydroxy cyclophitofluene; Mutatochrome; Mutatoxanthin; Myxiloxanthin; Myxiloxanthinone; Myxobactin; Mixobactone; Mixol 2'-glucoside; Mixol 2 '-O-methyl-methylpentoside; Mixol 2'- • rhamnoside; Mixoxanthin; Mixoxanthol; Mixoxantofil; Neocarotene; Neocrome; Neo-beta-carotene B; Neo-beta-cryptoxanthin A; Neoxanthin; Neoxanthin 3-acetate; Neurosporaxanthin; Neurosporaxanthin methyl ester; Neurosporene; Nonaprenoxanthin; 2'-N-astaxanthin diester; Norbixin; Nostoxanthin; Octahydro-beta-carotene; 1,2,7,8,1 1, 12, 7 ', 8' -Octahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -Octahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 1,2, 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8' -Octahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1, 2-diol; 1, 27.8, 1 ', 2', 7 ', 8' -Octahydro-psi-psi-caroten-1,1'-diol; 1,2, 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8' -Octahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1-ol; 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -Octahydro-beta, psi-caroten-2-ol; 1, 2, 7, 8, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' - Octahydro-psi, psi-caroten-l-ol; 7,8,11, 12,7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -Octahydro-, '-diapocarotene; Octahydrolicopene; 5, 6, 7, 8, 5 ', 6', 7 ', 8' -Octahydrolicopene; 7, 8, 11, 12, 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' - Octahydrolicopene; 3, 4, 3 ', 4', 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' - Octahydrospyrilloxanthin; OH, see also Hydroxy-o-ol OH-Chlorobactene; OH-Chlorobactene glucoside; 0H-Lycopene; 2-OH-Monociclofitoeno; 2-OH-Monocyclofitofluen; OH-Neurosporene; OH-Ocenono; OH- P 481; OH-P 482; OH-P 511; OH-R; OH-Rhodopin; OH-Syntaxanthin 5,6-epoxide; OH-Sferoidene; OH-Sferoidenone; OH-7, 8, 11, 12-tetrahydrolicopene; OH-Y; Oquenone; Ofioxanthin; Oscillaxanthin; Oscillol 2,2'-di (O-methyl-methylpentoside); Oscillol 2,2'-dirramnoside; Ovoester; Oxo-, see also Keto o-one 3-Oxocantaxanthin; 4 '-Oxo-4,4'-diapocaroten-4-oic acid; 8 '-Oxo-8,8' -diapocarotenoic acid; 3-Oxoequenone; 4-Oxosaproxanthin; 16 '-Oxotorulene; 6'-Oxicrisantemaxanthin; P 412; P 444; P 450; P 452; P 481; P 500; P 518; 1 '- [(chi-O-Palmitoyl-beta, D-glucosyl) oxy] -3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-2'-ol; Papilioerythrin; Papilioeritrinone; Paracentrone; Parasiloxanthin; Pectenol; Pectenolone; Pectenoxanthin; Pentaxanthin; Peridinin; Peridininol; Persicachrome; Persicaxanthin; Filipsiaxanthin; Phytosamiaxanthin; Fleixantofilo; Fleixantofyl palmitate; Foeniconone; Foenicopterone; Foenicoxanthin; Fisalieno; Fioxanthin; Phytoene; C (30) -Fitoeno; Phytoene 1,2- (ep) oxide; Fitoenol; Fitoflueno; Fitoflueno epoxide; Fitofluenolo; Pigment R; Pigment X; Pigment Y; Plectaniaxanthin; Poly-cis-gamma-carotene; Poly-cis-psi-carotene; Poly-cis-lycopene; Prasinoxanthin; Prelycerine pyrophosphate; Prefitoene pyrophosphate; Pro-gamma-carotene; Prolicopene; Proneurosporeno; Protehydrohydrolophenone; • Pseudo-alpha-carotene; Pyrenexanthin; Pirrhoxanthin; Pirrhoxanthinol; 7-cis: Renieracisteno; Renierapurpurina; Renierateno; Reticulaxanthin; acid Retinylidene glycol; Retrobisdehydro (-beta-) carotene; Retrodehydro (-beta-) carotene; Retrodehydro-gamma-carotene; Retrodehydrozeaxanthin; Ramnopyranosiloxy-, see Ramnosyloxy-2 '-O-Ramnosyl-4-ketomixol; 2'-O-Ramnosilmixol; 3 '-Ramnosiloxy-beta, beta-caroten-3-ol; l-Rhamnosiloxy-3 ', 4' -didehydro-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-carotene; 2 '-Ramnosyloxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-3, 1'-diol; 2 '-Ramnosyloxy-3', 4 '-didehydro-1', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-3, 4,1 '-triol; 1'-Ramnosyloxy-3"-didehydro-1 ', 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-3-ol; Rodoauranxanthin; Rhodopina; Rodopine (-20-) al; Rodopinal glucoside; Rodopin glycoside; Rodopinol; Ropepurpurine; Rodotorulene; Rhodovibrin; Rhodoviolascine; Rodoxanthin; Roseritrina; Rubicrome; Rubixanthin; Rubixanthin 5,6-epoxide; Rubixantone; Salmon Acid; Salmoxanthin; Saproxanthin; Sarcinaxanthin; Sarcinaxanthin diglucoside; Sarcinaxanthin monoglycoside; Sarcineno; 5, 6-Seco-beta, beta-caroten-5,6-dione; 5,6-Dry beta, [epsi] -caroten-5, 6-dione; Semi-alpha-carotenone; Semi-beta-carotenone; Sidniaxanthin; Syntaxanthin; Siphonaxanthin; Syphonein; 3, 19-dihydroxy-, 8-di-dehydro-beta, chi-caroten-3 ', 6'-dione-3-sulfate of Sodium; -3,19-dihydroxy-3 ', 6'-dioxo-7,8-didehydro-beta, chi-caroten-17'-3-sodium sulfate; 3, 19, 3 '-trihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-6'-oxo-beta, chi-caroten-17'-odo-3-sulfate Sodium; 3, 19, 17 '-trihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-beta, chi-caroten-3', 6'-dione 3 -sodium sulfate; Sfaerobolin; Sferoidene; Sferoidenone; Spiriloxanthin; Sulcatoxanthin; Tangeraxanthin; Taraxanthin; Taraxanthin dipalmitate; Taraxien; Tareoxanthin; Tedaniaxanthin; Tedanina; Ternstroemiaxanthin; Tetiateno; 7, 8.7 ', 8'-Tetradehydroastaxanthin; 3, 4, 3 ', 4' -Tetradehydro-beta, beta-carotene; 3, 4, 3 ', 4'- Tetradehydro-psi, psi-carotene; 7.8, 7 ', 8' -Tetradehydro-beta, beta-carotene-3, 3'-diol; 3,, 3 ', 4'- Tetradehydro-beta? Eta-carotene A' -dionej 3 ', 4', 7 ', 8' -Tetradehydro-beta, beta-caroten-3-ol; 3, 4, 3 ', 4' - Tetradehydrolicopene; 6, 7, 6 ', 7'- Tetradehydro-5, 6, 5', 6 '-tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene-3, 3'-diol; 6.7, 6'7'-Tetradehydro-5,6,5'6'- tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene-3, 5, 3 ', 5'-tetrol; 7, 8, 7 ', 8' -Tetradehydrozeaxanthin; 3, 4, 3 ', 4' - Telradehydrobisanhydrobacterioruberine; 5, 6, 5 ', 6' -Tetrahydrocantaxanthin; 7, 8, 7 ', 8' -Tetrahydrocapsorabine; Tetrahydro-beta-carotene; 7, 8, 7 ', 8'- Tetrahydro- - beta, beta-carotene; 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -Tetrahydro-beta, psycarotene; 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12' -Tetrahydro-gamma-carotene; 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12'- Tetrahydro-gamma, psi-carotene; 1, 2, 7, 8-Tetrahydro-psi, psycarotene; 1,2,1 ', 2'-Tetrahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 7,8,11, 12-Tetrahydro-psi, psycarotene; 7, 8, 7 ', 8' -Tetrahydro-psi, psi-carotene; 5,6,5 ', 6'-tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene-4,4'-diol; 7, 8, 7 ', 8' -Tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene-3, 3'-diol; 7 ', 8', 9 ', 10' - Tetrahydro-beta, psi-carotene-3, 17'-diol; 1, 2, 1 ', 2' -Tetrahydro-psi, psi-carotene-1,1'-diol; 5, 6, 5 ', 6' -Tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene-4,4 '-dione; 5, 6, 5 ', 6'- Tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene-3, 5,6,3', 5 ', 6' -hexol; 1,2,7,8-Tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-1-ol; 1,2,7 ', 8'- Tetrahydro-psi, psycaroten-1-ol; 7,8,1,12-Tetrahydro-4,4'-diapocarotene; 7, 8, 7 ', 8'- Tetrahydro-4,4'-diapocarotene; Tetrahydrolicopene; 1,2, 1 ', 2'-tetrahydrolicopene; 5, 6, 5 ', 6' -Tetrahydrolicopene; 7,8,11,12- tetrahydrolicopene; 7, 8, 7 ', 8'- Tetrahydrolicopene; 7 ', 8', 11 ', 12'- Tetrahydrolicopene; 1,2,1 ', 2'- Tetrahydrolicopene-1, l-diol; 1,2,1 ', 2'- Tetrahydroneurosporeno; 3, 4, 11 ', 12'- Tetrahydrosferoidene; 3,4,7,8-Tetrahydrospyrilloxanthin; 3,, 3 ', 4'- Tetrahydrospyrilloxanthin; 3, 4, 3 ', 4' - Tetrahydrospyrilloxanthin-20-al; 5, 6, 5 ', 6' - Tetrahydro-3,, 3 ', 4' -tetrol 4, 4 '-disulfate; 2, 3, 2 ', 3' -Tetrahydroxy-beta, beta-carotene-4,4'-dione; 2, 3, 2 ', 3' -Tetrahydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3, 19, 3 ', 17'- Tetrahydroxy-beta, chi-caroten-6' -one 3-sulfate; 3, 5, 3 ', 5'- Tetrahydroxy-6', 7 '-didehydro-5, 8, 5', 6'-tetrahydro-beta, beta-caroten-8-one; 3, 3 ', 5, 5' -Tetrahydroxy-6 '-hydro-7-dehydro-beta-carotene; 3, 4, 3 ', 4'- Tetrahydroxipirardixanthin; 3, 4, 3 ', 4' -Tetrahydroxy-5, 6, 5 ', 6' -tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene; (3, 4, 3 '4') -Tetraceto-beta-carotene; 4, 5, 4 ', 5' - Tetraceto-beta-carotene; Tiotece-425; Tiotece-460; Tiotece-474; Tiotece-478; Tiotece-484; Tiotece-OH-484; Tilefishxanthin I; Tilefishxanthin II; Tilefishxanthin III; Tilefishxanthin IV; Torularhodina; Torularhodinaldehyde; Torularhodine methyl ester; Torulenal; Toruleno; Torulencarboxylic acid; 2,3,2'- Trihydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3, 3 ', 4'- Trihydroxy-beta, beta-caroten-4-one; 3,4,3'- Trihydroxy-beta, chi-caroten-β '-one; 3, 3 ', 5'-Trihydroxy-6,' 7 '-dehydro-alpha-carotene; 3, 3 ', 8'-Trihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-beta, chi-caroten-, 6'-dione; 3,3 ', 8'- - Trihydroxy-7,8-didehydro-beta, chi-caroten-6'-one; 3,19,3'- Trihydroxy-7,8- didehydro-beta, chi-caroten-6 '-one 3-sulfate; 3,1 ', 2'- Trihydroxy-3', 4'-didehydro-r, 2'-dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; 3,5, 19-Trihydroxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6,7 ', 8'-tetrahydro-7'-apo-beta-caroten-8'-one 3-acetate 19-hexanoate; 3,5,6 '-Trihydroxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6,7', 8'-tetrahydro-beta, [epsi] -carotene-3 ', 8'-dione; 3,5,3'-Trihydroxy-5,6-dihydro-beta-carotene; 3, 3 ', 5'-Trihydroxy-5', 6'-dihydro-beta-carotene 5 ', 6'-epoxide; 3, 19, 3 '-Trihydroxy-7,8-dihydro-beta, [epsi] -caroten-8-one; 3, 19, 3 '-Trihydroxy-7,8- dihydro-beta, beta-caroten-8-one 19-laurate; 3, 6, 3 '-Trihydroxy-7,8-dihydro-gamma, [epsi] -caroten-8-one; 3, 3 ', 19-Trihydroxy-7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-alpha-carotene; 3, 3 ', 6' -Trihydroxy-5,8- epoxy-alpha-carotene; 3,4,4'-Trihydroxypirardixanthin; 1,1 ', 2'- Trihydroxy-3, 4,3', 4'-tetrahydro-1,2,1 ', 2'-tetrahydro-psi, psi-caroten-2-one; 3, 4,4'-Trihydroxy-5,6,5 ', 6'-tetrahydro-beta, beta-carotene; Trikentriorhodina; 3, 4, 4 '-Triceto- beta-carotene; 3.1 ', 2'- Trimethoxy- 3 ', 4' -didehydro-r, 2 'dihydro-beta, psi-caroten-4-one; Triophaxanthin; Triphasiaxanthin; Trisanhydrobacterioruberine; Trollein; Trollichromo; Trolliflavine; Trolliflor; Trollixanthin; Tunaxanthin; Uriolide; Vaucheriaxanthin; Violaxanthin; Violeoxanthin; Violeritrina; Warmingol; Warmingona; Webbiaxanthin; Xantófila; Xantófila K (1); Xanthophyll K (I) S; Xanthophyll dipalmitate; Xanthophyll epoxide; alpha-Zeacarotene; beta-Zeacarotene; beta (I) - Zeacarotene; alpha-Zeacarotene-3, 17'-diol; beta-Zeacarotene-3, 17'-diol; beta-Zeacaroten-3-ol; Zeaxantene; Zeaxanthin; Zeaxanthin diepoxide; Zeaxanthin dimethyl ether; Zeaxanthin diramnoside; Zeaxanthin dipalmitate; Zeaxanthin 5,6-epoxide; Zeaxanthin 5,8-epoxide; Zeaxanthin furanoxide; Zeaxanthin monomethyl ether; Zeaxanthin monoamnoside; Zeaxantol; and Zeinoxanthin. The above list of carotenoids of natural origin is intended as a non-limiting example of carotenoids of natural origin. This list is not complete since more molecules of natural origin that fall within the category of carotenoids are being discovered. Sulfonylureas Non-limiting examples of sulfonylureas include but are not limited to acetohexamide, DiaBeta, glibenclamide, gliclazide, glipizide (Glucotrol), glyclopyramide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, toibutamide, glimepiride (To aryl), toibutamide and meglitinide analogs (e.g., repaglinide, nateglinide, meglitinide and mitiglinide (KAD-1229)) and the like. Niacin and related derivatives The term niacin is the generic descriptor for nicotinic acid (pyridine-3-carboxylic acid) and its derivatives. Non-limiting examples of nicotinic acid derivatives include nicofuranose, Acipimox (4-oxide 5-methyl pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid), niceritrol, probucol, isonicotinic acid, Colexamine, oxycinic acid, nicoclonate, nicomol, NIASPAN, nicerikol and nicotinate tocopherol . Additional examples of other active agents that may be suitable for this invention include, without limitation: abecarnil, acamprostate, acavir, acebutolol, aceclofenac, acemetacin, acetaminophen, acetaminosalol, acetanilide, acetohexamide, acetophenazine maleate, acetophenazine, acetoxolone, acetoxipregnenolone, acetretin, acrisorcin, acrivastine, acyclovir, adinazolam, adiphenine hydrochloride, adrafinil, adrenolone, agatroban, ahnitrin, akatinol, alatrofloxacin, albendazole, albuterol, aldioxa, alendionate, alfentanil, alibendol, alitretinoin, allopurinol, allylamines, allystrenol, alminoprofen, almotiiptan, alosetron, aloxiprine , alprazolam, alprenolol, amantadine, ambucetamide, amidaphrin, amidinomycin, amiloride, aminoarilcarboxylic acid derivatives, aminoglutethimide, aminoglycosides, aminopentamide, aminopromazine, aminorex, amiodarone, amifenazole, amiprilose, amisulpride, amitriptyline, amlexanox, amlodipine, to odiaquine, amosulalol, amotriphene , amoxapine, amoxicillin, amphetamine, amphetamine, ampicillin, ampicillin, ampicillin, amprenavir, amrinone, amsacrine, amyl nitrate, amylobarbitone, anagestone acetate, anastrozole, andynocillin, androstenediol, androstenediol-17-acetate, androstenediol-17-benzoate, androstenediol -3-acetate, androstenediol-3-acetate-17-benzoate, andro stendione, androsterone acetate, androsterone benzoate, androsterone propionate, androsterone, angiotensin, anidulatungin, aniracetam, apazone, apicicline, apoatropine, apomorphine, apraclonidin, aprepitant, aprotinin, arbaprostil, ardeparin, aripiprazole, amikacin, arotinolol, arstiinol, arylacetic acid derivatives, arylalkylamines, arylbutyric acid derivatives, arylcarboxylic acids, arylpiperazines, arylpropionic acid derivatives, aspirin, astemizole, atenolol, atomoxetine, atorvastatin, atovaquone, atropine, auranofh, azapropazone, azathioprine, azelastine, azetazolamide, azithromycin, baclofen, bambuterol, bametan, barbitone, barnidipine, basalazide, beclamide, beclobrato, bef? molol, bemegride, benazepril, benciclan, bendazac, bendazole, bendroflumetiazide, penicillin benetamine, benzeuril, benexatil, benydipine, benorilate, bentazepam, benzhexol, benziodarone, benznidazole, benzoxamine, benzodiazepine derivatives, benzodiazepine, benzonatate, benzfetamine, benzylmorphine, beperiden, befenium hydroxynaphthoate, bepridil, betahistine, betamethasone, betaxolol, bevantolol, bevonium methyl sulfate, bexarotene, bezadoxifine, bezafibrate , bialamicol, biapenem, bicalutamide, bietamiverine, bifonazole, binedaline, binifibrate, biricodar, bisacodyl, bisantrene, bisoprolol, bitolterol, bopindolol, boswellic acid, bradykinin, bretylium, bromazepam, bromocriptine, bromperidol, brotizolam, brovincamine, buciclato, bucloxic acid, bucumolol, budralazine, buienioda, bufetolol, buflomedil, bufuralol, bumetanide, bunitrolol, bupranolol, buprenorphine, bupropion, buspirone, busulfan, butalamine, butorphanol, butaverine, butenatme, butyryrin hydrochloride, butobarbitone, butoconazole nitrate , butoconazole, butofilol, butropium bromide, cabergoline, calcifediol, calcipotriene, calcitriol, caldibin, cambendazole, camioxirole, camostat, campesterol, camptothecin, candesartan, candoxatril, capecitabine, caprate, capsaicin, captopril, carazolol, carbacephems, carbamates, carbamazepine, carbapenems Carbarol, carbenoxolone, carbimazole, carbromal, carbuterol, carisoprodol, carotenes, caroverine, carteolol, carvedilol, cefaclor, cefazolin, cefbuperazone, cefepime, cefoselis, ceftibuten, celecoxib, celiprolol, cephalosin, cephalosporin C, cephalosporins, cephamycins, cerivastatin, certoparin, cetamolol, cetiedil, cetirizine, cetraxate, chloracizine, chlorambucil, c lorbetamide, chlordantoin, chlordiazepoxide, chlormadinone acetate, chlormethiazole, chloroquine, chlorothiazide, chlofeniramide, chlorphenoxamide, chlorphentermine, chlorproguanil, chlorpromazine, chlofropamide, chlorprothixene, chlortetracycline, chlorthalidone, cholecalciferol, cromonar, ciclesonide, cyclinicate, cidofovir, ciglitazone, cilansetron, cilostazol, cimetidine, cymethropium bromide, cinepazet maleate, cinnamedrine, cinnarizine, cinolazepam, cinoxacin, ciprofibrate, ciprofloxacin, cisapride, cisplatin, citalopram, citicoline , clarithromycin, clebopridaclemastine, clenbuterol, clidanac, clinofibrate, clioquinol, clobazam, clobenfurol, clobenzorex, clofazimine, clofibrate, clofibric acid, cloforex, clomipramine, clonazepam, clonidine, clonitrate, clopidogrel, clopirac indomethacin, chloranolol, chloricromen, clofrenaline, clortermin, clotiazepam, clotrimazole, cloxacillin, clozapine, cmepazide, codeine methyl bromide, codeine phosphate, codeine sulfate, codeine, colloidal bismuth subcitrate, chromaffin, cromolyn, cropropamide, crotetamide, curcumin, cyclandelate, cyclarbamate, cyclazocine, cyclexedrine, cyclizine, cyclobenzaprine, cyclodrin, cyclonium iodide, cyclopentamine, cyclosporine, cypionate, cyproheptadine, cyproterone acetate, cytarabine, dacarbazine, dalfopristin, dantrolen sodium, dapiprazole, darodipine, decanoate, decitabine, decoquinate, dehydroemetine, delavirdine, delaviridin, demeclo cyclin, denopamine, deramciclone, descitalopram, desipramine, desloratadine, 3- ketodesogeskel, desomorphine, deoximetasone, detomidine, dexamfetamine, dexanabinol, dexchlorpheniramine, dexfenfluramine, dexmethylphenidate, dexrazoxane; dextroamphetamine sulfate, dextroamphetamine, dextropropoxyphene, DHEA, diacetate, diamorphine, diazepam, diazepam, diaziquinone, diazoxide, dibromopropamidine, dichlorophen, diclofenac, dicoumarol, didanosine, dideoxydenosine, diethylpropion, diferamizole, diflunisal, digitoxin, digoxin, dihydroergotamine, dihydrocodeine, dihydrocodeinone enol acetate, dihydroergotamine mesylate, dihydroergotamine, dihydrogesterone, dihydromorphine, dihydropyridine derivatives, dihydrostreptomycin ,. dihydrotachysterol, acetylsalicylate dihydroxyaluminum, diiodohidroxiquinolina, diisopromina, dilazep, dilevalol, diltiazem, mometasone diloxanide, diloxanide, diltiazem, dimeflina, dimenhydrinate, dimethisterone, dimetotrina, dimofolamina, dinitolmide, butyrate dioxaphetyl, dioxetedrina, diphemethoxidine, diphenhydramine, diphenoxylate, difetarsona, dipivefrin, diponium bromide, dipyridamole, dirithromycin, disopyramide, divalproex sodium, dofetilide, domperidone, donepezil, dopexamine, dopradil, dosmalfate, doxapram, doxazosin, doxefazepam, doxepin, doxycycline, drofenin, dromostanolone propionate, dromostanolone, dronabinol, droperidol, droprenilamine, d-threo methylphenidate, duloxetine, ebrotidine, eburnamonin, ecabet, ecenofloxacin, econazole nitrate, edavarone, edoxudine, efavirenz, effivarenz, efloxate, eledoisin, eletriptan, elipipine, elipticine, emepronium bromide, emetine, enalapril, enanthate, encainide, enlopitat, enoximone, enprostil, entacapone, epanolol, ephedrine, epinastine, epinephrine , epirubicin, eplerenone, eprosartan, ergocalciferol, ergoloide mesylate, ergotamine, ertapenum, erythromycin, erythyl tristeyl tetranitrate, esaprazole, escitalopram, esmolol, esomeprazole, esonarimod, estazolam, estradiol benzoate, estramustine, eskiol succinate, estrone acetate, estrone sulfate, etafedrine, etafenone , ethacrynic acid, etamivan, etinamate, etinyleskadiol 3 -acetate ', ethinyleskadiol 3 -benzoate, ethinylestradiol, ethionamide, ethisterone (17a-ethynyltestosterone), ethopropazine, ethotoin, ethoxyphenamine, ethyltrenol, ethylmorphine, ethylnorepinephrine, ethinodiol diacetate, etodolac, etofibrate, etoposide, etoricoxib, etretinate, everolimus, exalamide, examestane, examorelina, ezemitibe, falecalcitriol, famciclovir, famotidine, phanopharone, farapenum, farglitazar, fasudil, felbamate, felodipine, fenalamide, fenbuLen, fenbutrazate, fendiline, fenfluramine, phenoldopam, fenoprofen, fenoterol, fenoverine, fenoxazoline, fenoxedil, fenpiprano, fenproporex, fenspiride, fentanyl, fexofenadine, flavoxate, flecainide, flopropion, floredil, floxuridine, fluconazole, flucytosine, fludarabine, fludiazepam, fludrocortisone, flulenamic acid, flunanisone, flunarizine, flunisolide, flunitrazepam, fluocortolone, fluoxetine, flupenthixol decanoate , flufenazine decanoate, flufenazine enanthate, fluphenazine, fluproquazone, flurazepam, flurbiprofen, flurogestone acetate, fluticasone propionate, fluvastatin, fluvoxamine, fominoben, formoterol, foscarnet, foscarnet, fosinopril, fosphenytoin, frovatriptan, fudostein, fumagillin, furazolidone, furazolidone, furfurylmethyl amphetamine, furosemide, gabapentinq, gabexat or, gaboxadol, galantamine, gallopamil, gammaparin, ganciclovir, ganglefene, gefarnate, gemcitabine, gemfibrozil, gepirone, gestadene, ghrelin, glatiramer, glaucarubin, glibenclamide, gliclazide, glimepiride, glipizide, gluconic acid, glutamic acid, glyburide, glyceryl trinitrate, glimepiride, granisetron, grepafloxacin, griseofulvin, guayazulene, guanabenz, guanfacine, halofankin, haloperidol decanoate, haloperidol, haloxazolam, hepronicate, heptanoate, hexobendin, hexoprenaline, hydramitrazine, hydrazides, hydrocodone, hydrocortisone, hydrophonamide, hydroxyamfetamine, hydroxymethylprogesterone acetate, hydroxymethylprogesterone, hydroxyprogesterone acetate, hydroxyprogesterone caproate, hydroxyprogesterone, himechromone, hyoscyamine, ibopamine, ibast, ibutenac, ibuprofen, ibutilide, idoxuridine, ifenprodil, igmesin, iloprost, imatinib, imidapril, imidazoles, imipenem, imipramine, imolamin, incadronic acid pergolide, indanazoline, indenolol , indinavir, indometacin, indoramin, inosine pranobex, inositol niacinato, iodoquinol, ipidracina, iproniazid, irbesartan, irinotecan, irsogladina, isobutirato, isocaprato esteres, isoetarina, isometepteno,. isoproterenol, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide dinitrate, isoxsuprine, isradipine, itasetron, itraconazole, itramintosylate, ivermectin, kallidin, kallikrein, kanamycin, ketamine, ketoconazole, ketoprofen, ketorolac, cetotifen, labetalol, lafutidine, lamifiban, lamivudine, lamotrigine, lanatoside c, lansoprazole, lasofoxifene, leflunomide, leminoprazole, lercanidipine, lesopitron, letrozole, leucovorin, levalbuterol, levalorfan, levetiracetam, mildtriacetam, levobunolol, levodopa, levofloxacin , levofacetoperano, levofanol, lidocaine, lidoflazina, lifibrol, limaprost, linezolid, lintitript, liranaftate, lisinopril, lisuride, lobeline, lobucavir, lodoxamide, lomefloxacin, lomerizine, lomustine, loperamide, lopinavir, loprazolam, loracarbef, loratadine, lorazepam, lorefloxacin, lormetazepam , losartan, lovastatin, lovastatin, loxapine succinate, loxapine, 1-threo methylphenidate, lumiracoxib, lysine acetylsalicylate, lysozyme, lisuride, mabuterol, mafenide, magnesium acetylsalicylate, malgramostine, mannitol hexanitrate, maprotiline, mazindol, mebendazole, meclizine, meclofenamic acid, mecloxaminepentapiperide, medazepam, medibazine, medigoxin, medrogestone, medroxyprogesterone acetate, mefenamic acid, mefenorex, mefloquine, mefloquine, megestrol acetate, melengestrol acetate, melphalan, memantine, mepenzolate bromide, eperidine, mefenoxalone, mephentermine, mepindolol, mepixanox, meprobamate, meptazinol, mercaptopurine, meropenum, mesalamine, mesalazine, mesoridazine besilate, mesoridazine, metaclazepam, metamfepramone, metampicillin, metaproteinol, metaraminol, methacline, methadone hydrochloride, methadone, methamphetamine, methaqualone, methamphetamine, methoxy, methotrexate, methoxamine , methsuximide, methylhexanamine, methylphenidate, d-threo-methylphenidate, methylphenidate, methylphenobarbitone, methylprednisolone, methysergide, metyazinic acid, metizoline, metoclopramide, metolazone, metoprolol, methoxalone, metripranolol, metronidazole, mexiletine, metaxalone, mianserin, mibefradil, miconazole, midazolam, midodrine , miglitol, milnacipran, milrinone, minoxidil, mirtazapine, misoprostol, mitomycin, mitotane, mitoxantrone, mizolastin, m dafinil, mofebutazone, mofetil, molindone hydrochloride, molindone, molsidomine, monatepil, montelukast, Monteplase, moprolol, moricizine, morphine hydrochloride, morphine sulfate , morphine, morpholine salicylate, mosaic ramin, moxifloxacin, moxysilite, moxonidine, mycophenolate, nabumetone, nadolol, nadoxolol, nadroparin, nafamostat, nafronil, naftopidil, nalbuphine, nalidixic acid, nalmefene, nalorphine, naloxone, naltrexone, nandrolone benzoate, nandrolone cyclohexanecarboxylate, nandrolone cyclohexan-propionate, nandrolone decanoate, nandrolone furylpropionate, nandrolone phenpropi onate, naphazoline, naproxen, naratriptan, natamycin, nateglinide, nedocromil, nefazodone, nefopam, nelfinavir, nemonapride, neomycin undecylenate, neomycin, neokofin, nesiritide, n-ethylamphetamine, nevirapine, nexopamil, nicamethate, nicardipine, nicergoline, nicofibrate, nicofuranose, nicomorphine, nicorandil, nicotinyl alcohol, nicoumalone, nifedipine, nifenalol, nicotinamide, nilutamide, nilvadipine, nimodipine, nimorazole, nipradilol, nisoldipine, nitisonone, nitrazepam , nitrofurantoin, nitrofurazone, nitroglycerin, nizatidine, norastemizole, norepinephrine, norethinodrel, norphenephrine, norfloxacin, norgestimate, norgeskel, norgestrienone, normethadone, normetisterone, normofhina, norpseudoephedrine, nortriptyline, novantrone, nilidrine, nystatin, octamylamine, octodrine, octopamine, ofloxacin, olanzapine , olanza pina, olapatadine, olmesartan, Olapatadine, olsalazine, omapatrilat, omeprazole, ondansetron, opium, oprevelkin, orlistat, ornidazole, ornoprostil, oseltamivir, oxaliplatin, oxamniquine, oxandrolone, oxantel embonato, oxaprozina, oxatomida pemirolast, oxatomida, oxazepam, oxcarbazepina, oxfendazol, oxiconazol, oxira'cetam, oxolinic acid, oxprenolol, oxycodone, oxyfedrine, oxymetazoline, oxymorphona, oxifenbutazone, oxifenciclimina, ozagrel, paclitaxel, palonosetron, pantoprazole, papaverine, paricalcitol , parametadione, parecoxib, pariprazole, paromomycin, paroxetine, parsalmide, pazinaclone, pemoline, penbutolol, penciclovir, penicillin G benzathine, penicillin G procaine, penicillin V, penicillin, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, pentapiperide, pentazocine, pentylin, pentigetide, pentobarbitone, pentorex, pentoxifylline, pentrinitrol, pirbuterol, pirenzepine, pergolide, perhexilin, perindopril erbumine, perospona, perphenezine, phenazide, phenazide, phenazepine, phenazepine, fenacemide, phenacemide, phenacetylene, phenazopyridine, phenazopyridine, fencarbamide, phendimetrazine, phenelzine, phenindione, phemetrazine, phenobarbitone, phenothiazines, phenoxybenzamine, phensen, phentermine, phentolamine, phenylsalicylate, phenylacetate, phenylbutazone, phenylephrine hydrochloride , phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, phenylpropylmethylamine, phenytoin, phloroglucinol, foledrine, physostigmine salicylate, physostigmine, phytonadiol, fitosterols, piapenm, picilorex, piclamilast, picrottixin, picumast, pifarnin, pilsicainide, pimagedine, pimeclone, pimecrolimus, pimefilin, pimozide, pinaverium bromide, pindolol, pioglitazone, piperacillin, piperazine estrone sulfate, piperazine derivatives, piperilate, piraceta, piribedil, pirifibrate, piroxicam, pitavastatin, pizotiline, plaunqtol, polaprezinc, polibenzarsol, polystrol phosphate, practolol, pralnacasan, pramipexole, pranlukast, pravastatin, prazepam, praziquantel, prazosin, pregabalin, prenalterol, prenylamine , pridinol, prifinium bromide, primidone, primipramine, probenecid, probucol, procainamide, procarbazine, procaterol, prochlorperazine, proguanil, pronetalol, propafenone, propamidine, propathyl nitrate, propentofylline, propionate, propiram, propoxyphene, propranolol, propylhexedrine, propylthiouracil, protokilol, protriptyline, proxazole, pseudoephedrine, purines, pyrantel embonate, pyrazoles, pyrazolones, pyridophylline, pyrimethamine, pyrimidines, pyrrolidones, quazepam, quetiapine, quetuapine, quinagolide, quinapril, quinestrol, quinfamide, quinidine, quinine sulfate, quinolones, • quinupritine, rabalzotan, rabeprazole sodium, rabeprazole, racefimine, ramahroban, ramipril, ranitidine, ranolazine, ransoprazole, rasagiline, rebamipide, refludan, repaglinide, repinotan, repirinast, reproterol, reserpine, retinoids, ribavirin, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentin, rilmenidin, riluzole, rimantadine , rimiterol, rioprostil, risperidone, ritanovir, ritapentine, ritipenem,. ritodrine, ritonavir, rivastigrnine, rizatriptan, rociverin, rofecoxib, rohipnol, rolipram, remoxipride, ronifibrate, ropinirole, ropivacaine, rosaprostol, rosiglitazone, rosuvastatin, rotinolol, rotraxate, roxatidine acetate, roxindol, rubitecan, salacetamide, salicin, salicylamide, derivatives of salicylic acid, salmeterol, saquinavir, saquinavir, scopolamine, secnidazole, selegiline, semotiadil, sertindole, sertraline, sibutramine, sildenafil, simvastatin, siramesin, sirolimus, sitaxsentan, sofalcona, somotiadil, sorivudine, sotalol, soterenol, sparfloxacin, spasmolitol, spectinomycin, spiramycin , spizofurone, stavudine, streptomycin, succinylsulfatiazole, sucralfate, sufentanil, sulconazole nitrate, sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfaloxicacid, sulfarside, sulfmalol, sulindac, suloctidyl, sulfabenzamide, sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfadoxine, sulfafurazole, sulfamerazine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfapyridine, sulfasalazine, sulfinpyrazone, sulpiride, sultiam, sultopride, sulbroponium, sumanirol, sumahriptan, sunepihon, superoxide dismutase, suplatast, sodium suramin, synephrine, tacrine, tacrolimus, tacrolimus, tadalafil, talinolol, talipexol, tamoxifen, tamsulosin, targretine, tazanolast, tazarotene, tazobactam, tecastimezole, teclozan, tedisamil, tegaserod, telenzepine, telmisartan, temazepam, teniposide, teprenone, terazosin, terbinafine, terbinafine, terbutaline sulfate, terbutaline, terconazole, terfenadine, terodiline, terophenamate , tertatolol, testolactone, 4-dihydrotestosterone, tetracycline, tetracycline, tetrahydrocannabinol, tetrahydrozoline, thalidomide, teofibrate, thiabendazole, thiazinecarboxamides, thiocarbamates, thiocarbamizine, thiocarbazone, thioridazine, thiaxin, thiagabine, thiaminidine, thianeptin, thiamphenic acid, thiaramide, ticlopidine, tigloidin, tilisolol, timolol, imidazole, t inofedrine, tinzaparin, thioconazole, tipranavir, tirapazamine, tirofiban, tiropramide, titaniceno, tizanadine, tizanidine, tizinadine, tocainide, tolazamide, tolazoline, toibutamide, tolcapone, tolciclate, tolfenamic acid, toliprolol, tolteridine, tolterodine, tonaberstat, topiramate, topotecan, torsemide, toremifene cibrate, toremifene, tosufloxacin, tramadol, tramazo.lina, trandolapril, tranilast, tranylcypromine, trapidil, traxanox, trazodone, tretoquinol, tri'acetin, triamcinolone, triamterine, triamterene, triazolam, trifluoperazine hydrochloride, trifluoperazine, triflupromazine, trihexyphenidyl, trimazosin, trimebutine, trimetazidine, trimethoprim, trimgestra, trimipramine, trimoprostil, tritiozine, troglitazone, trolonibrate phosphate, tromethamine, tropicamide, trovafloxacin, troxipide, tuaminoheptane, tulobuterol, thimazoline, tyramine, undecanoate, undeceneic acid, urinastatin , valaciclovir, valdecoxib, valerate, valganciclovir, valproic acid, valsartan, vancomycin, vardenafil, venlafaxine, venorelbine, verapamil, vidarabine, vigabakin, vincamine, vinpocetine, viomycin, viquidil, visnadine, vitamin a derivatives, vitamin a, vitamin b2, vitamin d, vitamin e, vitamin k, voglibose, voriconazole, xaliproden, xamoterol, xanthinol niacinate, xenitropium bromide, xibenolol, ximelagatran, xylometazoline, yohimbine, zacopride, zafirlukast, zalcitabine, zaleplon, zanamivir, zatebradine, ziconotide, zidovudine, zileuton, zimeldine, zinc propionate, ziprasidone, zolimidine, zolmitriptan, Zolpidem, zonisamide, zopiclone, and their mixtures. Formulation The compositions of. nebivolol of the present invention can be administered by various means, depending on its intended use, as is well known in the art. For example, if the compositions of the present invention are to be administered orally, they can be formulated as tablets, capsules, granules, powders, suspensions or syrups. Alternatively, formulations of the present invention can be administered parenterally as injections (intravenous, intramuscular or subcutaneous), drop infusion preparations or suppositories. For application of the ophthalmic mucosal membrane route, the compositions of the present invention can be formulated as eye drops or eye oints. These formulations can be prepared by conventional means, and if desired, the compositions can be mixed with any conventional additive, such as an excipient, a binder, a disintegrating agent, a lubricant, an agent correction agent, a solubilizing agent, a suspension aid, an emulsifying agent or a coating agent. In formulations of the present invention, wetting agents, emulsifiers and lubricants, such as sodium lauryl sulfate and magnesium stearate, as well as coloring agents, release agents, coating agents, sweeteners, flavors and perfuming agents, preservatives and antioxidants, can be present in the formulated agents. The present compositions may be suitable for oral, nasal, topical (including buccal and sublingual), rectal, vaginal, aerosol and / or parenteral administration. The formulations can conveniently be presented in unit dosage form and can be prepared by any methods well known in the pharmacy art. The amount of composition that can be combined with a carrier material to produce a single dose varies depending on the subject being treated and the particular mode of administration. Methods for preparing these formulations include the step of bringing the associated compositions of the present invention with the carrier and optionally, one or more accessory ingredients. In general, the formulations are prepared by carrying uniformly and intimately with agents for association with liquid carriers, or finely divided solid carriers or both and after it is necessary to shape the product. Formulations suitable for oral administration may be in the form of capsules, wafers, pills, tablets, lozenges (using a flavored base, usually sucrose and acacia or tragacanth), powders, granules, or as a solution or suspension in an aqueous liquid or non-aqueous, or as a liquid emulsion of oil-in-water or water-in-oil, or as an elixir or syrup, or as a tablet (using an inert base, such as gelatin and glycerin, or sucrose and acacia), each containing a predetermined amount of a composition present as an active ingredient. The compositions of the present invention can also be administered as a bolus, electuary or paste. In solid dose forms for oral administration (capsules, tablets, pills, dragees, powders, granules and the like), the present composition is mixed with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, such as citrate sodium or dicalcium phosphate, and / or any of the following: (1) fillers or extenders, such as starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and / or silicic acid; (2) binders, such as, for example, carboxymethyl cellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sucrose and / or acacia; (3) humectants, such as glycerol; (4) disintegrating agents, such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate, potato starch or tapioca, alginic acid, certain silicates, and sodium carbonate; (5) solution delay agents, such as paraffin; (6) absorption accelerators, such as quaternary ammonium compounds; (7) wetting agents, such as, for example, acetyl alcohol and glycerol monostearate; (8) absorbers, such as kaolin and bentonite clay; (9) lubricants, such as talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, solid polyethylene glycols, sodium lauryl sulfate, and mixtures thereof; and (10) coloring agents. In the case of capsules, tablets and pills, the compositions may also comprise buffering agents. Solid compositions of a similar type can also be used as fillings in gelatin soft and hard filling capsules using excipients such as lactose or milk sugars, as well as polyethylene glycols of high molecular weight and the like. A tablet can be made by compression or molding, optionally with one or more accessory ingredients. Compressed tablets can be prepared using binder (e.g., gelatin or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose), lubricant, inert diluent, preservative, disintegrant (e.g., sodium starch glycolate or interlaced sodium carboxymethyl cellulose), surfactant or dispersing agent. Molded tablets can be made by molding in a convenient machine, a mixture of the present wetted composition with an inert liquid diluent. Tablets, and other solid dosage forms, such as dragees, capsules, pills and granules, can optionally be labeled or prepared with coatings and shells, such as enteric coatings and other coatings well known in the pharmaceutical formulating art. Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, microemulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups and elixirs. In addition, of the present composition, liquid dosage forms may contain inert diluents commonly employed in the art, such as, for example, water or other solvents, solubilizing agents and emulsifiers, such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, oils (in particular, cotton seeds, ground nuts, corn, germ, olive, castor bean and sesame seeds), glycerol, tetrahydrofuryl alcohol, polyethylene glycols and fat. Suspensions, in addition to the present composition, may contain suspending agents such as, for example, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohols, polyoxyethylene? sorbitol and sorbitan esters, microcrystalline cellulose, aluminum metahydroxide, bentonite, agar-agar and tragacanth, and their mixtures. Formulations for rectal or vaginal administration can be presented as a suppository, which can be prepared by mixing a present composition with one or more suitable non-irritating carriers or excipients, comprising for example, cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol, a suppository wax or a salicylate, and that it is solid at room temperature, but liquid at body temperature and will therefore melt in the body cavity and release the active agent. Formulations that are Suitable for vaginal administration also include pessaries, tampons, creams, gels, pastes, foams or spray formulations containing such carriers as is known in the art as appropriate. Dosage forms for transdermal administration of a present composition include powders, sprays, ointments, pastes, creams, lotions, gels, solutions, patches and inhalants. The active component can be mixed under sterile conditions with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, and with any preservatives, buffers or propellants that may be required. The ointments, pastes, creams and gels may contain, in addition to a present composition, excipients, such as animal and vegetable fats, oils, waxes, paraffins, starch, tragacanth, cellulose derivatives, polyethylene glycols, silicones, bentonites, silicic acid, talc and zinc oxide, or their mixtures. Powders and sprays may contain, in addition to the present composition, excipients such as lactose, talc, silicic acid, aluminum hydroxide, calcium silicates and polyamide powder, or mixtures of these substances. Additionally dews they may contain customary propellants, such as chlorofluorohydrocarbons and volatile unsubstituted hydrocarbons, such as butane and propane. Compositions of the present invention may be administered alternately by aerosol. This is achieved by preparing an aqueous aerosol, liposomal preparation or solid particles containing the compound (s). A non-aqueous suspension (e.g., fluorocarbon propellant) can be used. Nebulizers can be used because they minimize exposure of the agent to cut or shear, which can result in degradation of the compounds contained in the present compositions. Ordinarily, an aqueous aerosol is made by formulating an aqueous solution or suspension of a composition present together with carriers and stabilizers. conventional pharmaceutically acceptable Carriers and stabilizers vary with the requirements of the present particular composition, but typically include non-ionic surfactants (Tweens, Pluronics, or polyethylene glycol), innocuous proteins such as serum albumin, sorbitan esters, oleic acid, lecithin, amino acids such as glycine, shock absorbers, salts, sugars or sugar alcohols. Aerosols are usually prepared from isotonic solutions. Pharmaceutical compositions of this invention suitable for parenteral administration comprise a present composition in combination with one or more solutions, dispersions, suspensions or emulsions, pharmaceutically acceptable, sterile, isotonic, aqueous or non-aqueous, or sterile powders that can be reconstituted in sterile injectable solutions or dispersions. Just before use, they may contain antioxidants, buffers, bacteriostats, solutes that make the formulation isotonic in the blood of the intended recipient or suspending agents or thickeners. Examples of suitable aqueous and non-aqueous carriers which may be employed in the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention include water, ethanol, polyols (such as glycerol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and the like), and their convenient mixtures, vegetable oils such as olive, and injectable organic esters, such as ethyl oleate. Proper fluidity can be maintained, for example by the use of materials coating, such as lecithin, for the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersions, and for the use of surfactants. Pharmaceutical formulations can also be formulations of extended or delayed release when the active agents are released over a prolonged period of time. Dosage Administration of the compositions of the present invention will be in an amount sufficient to achieve a therapeutic effect as recognized by a person skilled in the art. The dose of any compositions of the present invention will vary depending on the symptoms, age and body weight of the patient, the nature and severity of the disorder to be treated or avoided, the route of administration, and the form of the present composition. Any of the present formulations can be administered in a single dose or in divided doses. Doses for the compositions of the present invention can be easily determined by techniques known to those skilled in the art or as illustrated herein.

The dose range for nebivolol is in the range of about 0.1 mg to about 100 mg per day. In another embodiment, the dose range can be from about 0.75 mg to about 50 mg per day. In yet another embodiment, the dose range can be from about 1.25 mg to about 10 mg per day. In certain embodiments, the dose of co-active compounds in general is in the range of about 0.01 ng to about 1 g of body weight, specifically in the range of about 1 ng to about 0.1 g per kg, and more specifically in the range of about 100 ng to about 10 mg per kg of body weight. An effective dose or amount, and any possible effects on the timing of the administration of the formulation, may need to be identified for any particular composition of the present invention. This can be achieved by routine experiment as described herein, using one or more groups of animals (preferably at least 5 animals per group), or in tests with humans if appropriate. The effectiveness of any present composition and method of treatment or prevention can be estimated by administering the composition and estimating the effect of administration by measuring one or more applicable indices, and comparing the post-treatment values of these indices with the values of the same indices before of treatment. The precise administration time and the amount of any particular present composition that will produce the most effective treatment in a finished patient will depend on the activity, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability of a present composition, patient's physiological condition (including age, sex, type and stage of the disease, general physical condition, response to a given dose and type of medication), route of administration, and the like. The guides presented herein can be used to optimize the treatment, for example to determine the optimal time and / or amount of administration, which will require no more than routine experimentation consisting of monitoring the subject and adjusting the dose and / or synchronization. While the subject is treated, the patient's health can be monitored by measuring one or more of the relevant indexes at predetermined times during the treatment period. Treatment, including composition, quantities, administration times and formulation, can be optimized according to the results of said supervision. The patient can be re-evaluated periodically to determine the extent of improvement when measuring the same parameters. The adjustment of the amount (s) of the present composition administered and possibly the time of administration can be made based on these re-evaluations. Treatment can be started with smaller doses that are less than the optimal dose of the compound. Therefore, the dose can be increased by small increments until the optimal therapeutic effect is reached. The use of the present compositions can reduce the dose required for any individual agent contained in the compositions (for example, the steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) due to the onset and duration of the effect of the different agents can be complementary. The toxicity and therapeutic efficacy of the present compositions can be determined by standard pharmaceutical procedures in cultures Cells or experimental animals, for example to determine the LD50 and ED50. The data obtained from cell culture assays and animal studies can be used to formulate a range of doses for human use. The dose of any present composition is preferably based on a range of circulating concentrations that include the ED50 with little or no toxicity. The dose may vary within this range depending on the dosage form used and the route of administration used. For compositions of the present invention, the therapeutically effective dose can be estimated initially from cell culture assays. In general, the dose of an active agent can be selected by a physician based on age, physical condition, weight and other factors known in the medical arts. Efficacy of treatment The effectiveness of treatment with the present compositions can be determined in a number of ways known to those skilled in the art. In an exemplary method, the average rate of decrease in inflammation for treatment with A present composition can be compared with other forms of treatment. with the particular cardiovascular agent contained in the present composition, or with other cardiovascular agents. The decrease in inflammation for treatment with a present composition compared to treatment with another method can be 10., 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400% greater or even more. The period of time to observe said decrease may be approximately 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60 or 90 or more hours. The comparison can be made against treatment with the particular cardiovascular agent contained in the present composition or with other cardiovascular agents, or administration of the same or different agents by a different method, or administration as part of a different drug delivery device than a present composition. The comparison can be made against it or a different effective dose of the various agents. Alternatively, a comparison of the different treatment regimens described above, may be based on the effectiveness of the treatment, using standard indices known to those with dexterity. The technique. A method of treatment can be 10%, 20%, 30%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 150%, 200%, 300% more effective, than another method. Alternatively, the different treatment regimens can be analyzed by comparing the therapeutic index for each of them, with treatment with a present composition compared to another regimen that has a therapeutic index two, three, five or seven times that of even more or even two, three or more orders of magnitude greater than treatment with another method using the same or different cardiovascular agents. Equipment This invention also provides equipment to implement conveniently and. effective the methods of this invention. These equipments comprise any present composition, and means for facilitating compliance with the methods of this invention. These equipments provide convenient and effective means to ensure that the subject to be treated, takes the appropriate active dose in the correct way. Compliance means that these equipments include any means that facilitate managing the assets according to a method of this invention. These means of compliance they include instructions, packaging and assortment means, and their combinations. Equipment components can be packaged either manually or in a partially or fully automated practice of the above methods. In other embodiments involving equipment or packages, this invention contemplates a package that includes compositions of the present invention and optionally instructions for its use. Exemplification Example 1 Measurements of NO Release of Human Endothelium All measurements presented were recorded in vi tro using a sensitive porphyrin probe, as previously described. Malinski T, Taha Z., Nature. 1992; 358: 676-678; Malinski T, Czuchajowski L., Methods in Nitric Oxide Research. 1996: 319-339. The release of NO was measured directly from HUVEC. HUVEC cells from Black and White donors were grown in Ham's F12K medium with 2 mM L-glutamine adjusted to contain 1.5 g / L sodium bicarbonate and supplemented with 0.1 mg / ml heparin and 0.03-0.05 mg / ml supplement of endothelial cell deseriation (ECGS = endothelial cell growth supplement) + 10% fetal bovine serum. The cells HUVEC were maintained in an atmosphere of high concentration of C02 (5%). Nebivolol was obtained from Mylan Laboratories (Morgantown, WV). All measurements of NO endothelial release were made in Hank's balanced solution at 37 degrees C. Cell wells were transferred to a Faraday cage and a porphyrin sensor (diameter 0.5 mm) was located at a distance of 5 ± 2 μm from the surface of endothelial cells using an inverted microscope (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany) and a computer-aided micromanipulator. The sensor operated with a three-electrode system: nanosensor (working electrode), saturated calomel electrode (reference electrode) and platinum wire (against electrode, diameter 0.5 mm). The three electrodes were connected to a PAR273 potencioestate / galvanostat. The baseline stabilized after approximately 20 seconds. The test compounds were injected with a nanoinjector on the surface of the cells after solubilization in buffer. The cells were incubated with the test compounds for a period of 24 hours. The compounds were then washed by stripping the system before being reintroduced immediately in order to evaluate the consequences of chronic treatment in NO release of cells. For additive experiments, the cells were incubated with ACE inhibitor for 24 hours, the inhibitor was flushed out of the system, nebivolol was added and the release of NO was measured. The current proportional to the NO concentration was measured with the sensor, which operated in an amperometric mode at a constant potential of 0.63V. Data were acquired with the use of an IBM computer with custom program and amperograms (curves of current against time) were recorded with a 'Guniry apparatus FAS1 Femtostat (Warminster, PA).

Maximum release of NO occurred using a calcium agonist (1 μM). By increasing cytoplasmic calcium levels, the ion can bind to calmodulin. The Ca2 + -calmodulin complex is a cofactor for endothelial NO synthetase, together with FAD, FMN, Heme and BH4. Nanosensors were prepared from carbon fibers. The tip size of the carbon fiber was reduced from 6 μm to less than 1 μm by burning at a controlled temperature. The sensors were sensitized to NO by deposition of electrically conductive polymeric porphyrin and covered with a thin layer of Nafion. The microsensor Porphyrinic has a response time of 0.1 ms at a non-micromolar concentration and 10 ms at the detection limit of 1 nM. The nanosensor for NO was calibrated using saturated solution (concentration 1.82 niM verified by coulometric method). Linear calibration curves were constructed for each sensor from 5 x 10"9 to 3 x 10" 6M of NO before and after measurements of cellular activity. The concentration-dependent effects of nebivolol and certain ACE inhibitors on NO release capacity were tested using a calcium ionophore (A23187) that stimulates NO release, independently of G-protein coupled receptors. The data were presented as the mean ± SEM for each of the measurements in triplicate. The data (calculation and trace) were transferred to the Microcal Origin Software program (OriginLab Corp., Northampton, MA). The HUVEC preparation is stable during the course of these experiments with cells that remain viable in culture by >;24 hours. Under non-stimulating conditions, basal levels of NO release are very low (<30 nM). Measurement of NO release as a treatment function is performed on individual endothelial cells.

Multiple measurements of NO release can be performed on single cells following a brief refractory period. For robust statistical analysis, separate cells were used for each concentration and type of drug used in these analyzes. In Figure 1, the extent of NO release from Black and White donors were measured after chronic treatment with the ACE inhibitor, ramiprilat, followed by treatment with nebivolol (1 μM). At concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 μM of ramiprilat, there were modest but significant effects on the ability of nebivolol to increase NO release from endothelial cells of Black and White donors. The magnitude of the increase is greater in endothelial cells of Black donors. In Figure 3, the extent of NO release of Black and White donors was measured with nebivolol (1 μM) following chronic treatment with the ACE inhibitor, enalapril. As observed with ramiprilat (above), enalapril significantly improved the ability of nebivolol to increase NO release at concentrations of 5 and 10 μM and 1, 5 and 10 μM in Black and White donor cells, respectively. The magnitude of increase is greater in Black endothelial cells than White (Figure 4). There were significant concentration-dependent effects on the ability of nebivolol to improve NO release from endothelial cells of Black and White donors that were chronically treated with ACE inhibitors. Additionally, this property of the drug seems to work independently of β-adrenoceptor blockade. By promoting a more normal vascular physiology through a NO-dependent pathway, treatment with nebivolol may have better efficacy and fewer side effects compared to agents that only inhibit the sympathetic nervous system. These data also support the hypothesis that nebivolol may have different pharmacological benefits through modulation of endothelial function and NO metabolism. Incorporation by Reference All patents and publications cited herein are incorporated in this manner by reference. Equivalents Those with skill in the art will recognize or be able to evaluate using nothing more than routine experimentation, many equivalent to the specific embodiments of the invention described herein.

Claims (74)

1. CLAIMS 1. A composition comprising nebivolol and at least one other active agent.
2. 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the other active ingredients is a cardiovascular agent.
3. 3. The composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB's, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, pheochromocytoma agents, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, anti-lipemic agents, antidiabetics, anti-inflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, breakers of AGE interlacing, inhibitors of AGE formation, and their mixtures.
4. 4. The composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the agent The cardiovascular system is chosen from the group consisting of an ACE inhibitor, an ARB, and their mixtures.
5. 5. The composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor.
6. The composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril , ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, trandolapril, and their mixtures.
7. 7. The composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the inhibitor ACE is selected from the group consisting of enalapril, ramipril and ramiprilat and their mixtures.
8. 8. The composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is an ARB.
9. 9. The composition according to claim 8, characterized in that the ARB is selected from the group consisting of candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan, valsartan, and mixtures thereof.
10. 10. The composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE interlacing breakers, AGE-forming inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
11. 11. A composition comprising nebivolol and only another active agent.
12. 12. The composition according to claim 11, characterized in that the other active agent is a cardiovascular agent.
13. The composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB's, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, pheochromocytoma agents, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, anti-lipemic agents, antidiabetics, anti-inflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, breakers of AGE interlacing, inhibitors of AGE formation, and its mixtures.
14. The composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors and ARB's.
15. The composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor selected from the group consisting of "alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril , quinapril, ramipril, ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, and trandolapril.
16. 16. The composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is an ARB selected from the group consisting of candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan and valsartan.
17. 17. The composition according to claim 12, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE interlacing breakers and AGE formation inhibitors.
18. 18. A pharmaceutical composition comprising nebivolol and at least one other active agent, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
19. 19. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 18, characterized in that at least one of the other active agents is a cardiovascular agent.
20. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 19, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB's, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, pheochromocytoma agents, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, anti-lipemic agents , antidiabetics, anti-inflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, renin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE interlacing breakers, inhibitors of AGE formation, and their mixtures.
21. 21. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 19, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB's, and their mixtures
22. 22. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 21, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor.
23. 23. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 22, characterized in that the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of alacepril, benazepril, captopril, ceronapril, cilazapril, delapril, enalapril, enalaprilat, fosinopril, imidapril, lisinopril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, ramiprilat, spirapril, temocapril, trandolapril, and their mixtures.
24. 24. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 23, characterized in that the ACE inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of enalapril, ramipril and ramiprilat and their mixtures.
25. 25. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 21, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is an ARB.
26. 26. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 25, characterized in that the ARB is selected from the group consisting of candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan, losartan, valsartan, and mixtures thereof.
27. 27. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 19, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE interlacing blockers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
28. 28. A method for treating and / or avoiding a cardiovascular disorder, characterized in that it comprises administering to a subject, a therapeutically safe and effective amount of nebivolol and at least one other active agent, sufficient to treat said condition.
29. 29. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that at least the other active agent is at least a cardiovascular agent.
30. 30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB's, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, pheochromocytoma agents, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, • antihypertensives, anti-lipemic agents , antidiabetics, anti-inflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, inhibitors of direct thrombin, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE interlacing breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
31. 31. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that the cardiovascular disorder is selected from the group consisting of congestive heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial infarction and brain, arteriosclerosis, atherogenesis, thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, restenosis of post-angioplasty, coronary artery disease, renal failure, stable angina, unstable and variant (Prinzmetal), cardiac edema, renal failure, nephrotic edema, hepatic edema, stroke, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, restenosis, blood pressure control in hypertension, platelet adhesion, platelet aggregation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, pulmonary edema and vascular complications associated with the use of medical devices, injuries associated with the use of medical devices, pulmonary thromboembolism, thromboembolism cerebral, thrombophlebitis, thrombocytopenia and bleeding disorders.
32. 32. The method according to claim 30, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, an ARB's, and mixtures thereof.
33. 33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is an ACE inhibitor.
34. 34. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is an ARB.
35. 35. The method according to claim 30, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of AGE interlacing breakers, AGE formation inhibitors, and mixtures thereof.
36. 36. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 18, characterized in that the composition comprises a pharmaceutical equipment.
37. 37. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is a vasodilator.
38. 38. The pharmaceutical composition. from according to claim 37, characterized in that the vasodilator is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, and a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof.
39. 39. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the other active agents is a flavonoid.
40. 40. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 39, characterized in that the flavonoid is selected from the group consisting of (-) - epictechin, (+) - catechin, procyanidin B2, quercetin dehydrate, taxifolin and resveratrol, and mixtures thereof.
41. 41. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one other active agent is selected from the group consisting of flavonoids, carotenoids, sulfonylureas, and niacin and related derivatives and mixtures thereof.
42. 42. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 41, characterized in that the at least one other active agent is a carotenoid.
43. 43. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 42, characterized in that the carotenoid is selected from the group consisting of astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, lycopene, beta-carotene and mixtures thereof.
44. 44. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 41, characterized in that the at least one other active agent is a sulfonylurea.
45. 45. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 44, characterized in that the sulfonylurea is selected from the group consisting of acetohexamide, DiaBeta, glibenclamide, gliclazide, glipizide, glyclopyramide, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, toibutamide, glimepiride, toibutamide and meglitinide analogs, and its mixtures
46. 46. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is a vasodilator.
47. 47. The method according to claim 46, characterized in that the vasodilator is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide mononitrate and a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof.
48. 48. The method according to claim 47, characterized in that the hydralazine compound is selected from the group consisting of budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine and todralazine, or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and mixtures thereof.
49. 49. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that the at least one other active agent is a flavonoid.
50. 50. The method according to claim 49, characterized in that the flavonoid is selected from the group consisting of (-) - epictechin, (+) - catechin, procyanidin B2, quercetin dehydrate, taxifolin and resveratrol, and mixtures thereof.
51. 51. The method according to claim 28, characterized in that the at least one other active agent is selected from the group consisting of flavonoids, carotenoids, sulfonylureas, and niacin and related derivatives, and mixtures thereof.
52. 52. A method for improving the NO delivery in a black patient that requires it, characterized in that it comprises administering to the black patient a therapeutically safe and effective amount of nebivolol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and at least one agent. cardiovascular, enough to improve the release of NO.
53. 53. The method according to claim 52, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB's, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, pheochromocytoma agents, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, anti-lipemic agents, antidiabetics, anti-inflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, breakers of AGE interlacing, inhibitors of AGE formation, and their mixtures.
54. 54. The method according to claim 53, characterized in that the at least one other cardiovascular agent is a vasodilator.
55. 55. The method according to claim 54, characterized in that the vasodilator is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof.
56. 56. The method according to claim 55, characterized in that the hydralazine compound is selected from the group consisting of budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine and todralazine, or their pharmaceutically acceptable sdal, and mixtures thereof.
57. 57. A method for reducing mortality associated with cardiovascular disease in a black patient, comprising administering to the black patient a therapeutically effective amount of: (i) nebivolol or its pharmaceutically salt; (ii) at least one hydralazine compound or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt; (iii) at least one isosorbide dinitrate and / or isosorbide mononitrate, and (iv) optionally one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of digitalis compounds, a diuretic compound, potassium, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, an beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
58. 58. The method of compliance with claim 57t characterized in that the cardiovascular disorder is selected from the group consisting of congestive heart failure, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial infarctions and brain, arteriosclerosis, atherogenesis, thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, post-angioplasty restenosis, coronary artery diseases, renal failure, stable angina, unstable and variant (Prinzmetal), cardiac edema, renal failure, nephrotic edema, hepatic edema, stroke, transient ischemic attacks, cerebrovascular accidents, restenosis, blood pressure control in hypertension, platelet adhesion, aggregation of platelets, smooth muscle cell proliferation, pulmonary edema and vascular complications associated with the use of medical devices, wounds associated with the use of medical devices, pulmonary thromboembolism, cerebral thromboembolism, thrombophlebitis, thrombocytopenia and bleeding disorders.
59. 59. The method according to claim 58, characterized in that the cardiovascular disorder is hypertension.
60. 60. The method according to claim 59, characterized in that the compound of hydralazine is budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine, todralazine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and mixtures thereof.
61. 61. The method according to claim 57, characterized in that the nebivolol is administered in an amount from about 1 mg per day to about 10 mg per day.
62. 62. Method for improving NO release in a black patient requiring it, comprising administering to the black patient a safe and therapeutically effective amount of: (i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; (ii) at least one hydralazine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; (iii) at least one of isosorbide dinitrate and / or isosorbide mononitrate; and (iv) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a digitalis compound, a diuretic compound, potassium, an enzyme inhibitor that converts to angiotensin, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a cholesterol blocker, calcium channel, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist. '
63. 63. The method of compliance with the claim 62, characterized in that the cardiovascular disorder is hypertension.
64. 64. The method according to claim 62, characterized in that the hydralazine compound is budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine, pildralazine, todralazine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and mixtures thereof.
65. 65. The method according to claim 64, characterized in that the hydralazine compound is hydralazine hydrochloride.
66. 66. Method for improving exercise tolerance or for improving the quality of life in a black patient who requires it, which comprises administering to the black patient a therapeutically effective amount of: (i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; (ii) at least one hydralazine compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; (iii) at least one of isosorbide dinitrate and / or isosorbide mononitrate; and (iv) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a digitalis compound, a diuretic compound, potassium, an enzyme inhibitor that converts to angiotensin, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a calcium channel blocker, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
67. 67. The method according to claim 66, characterized in that the hydralazine compound is budralazine, cadralazine, dihydralazine, endralazine, hydralazine hydrochloride, pildralazine, todralazine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and mixtures thereof.
68. 68. The method according to claim 67, characterized in that the hydralazine compound is hydralazine hydrochloride.
69. 69. Method for improving NO release in a black patient requiring it, comprising administering to the black patient, nebivolol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt in an amount of about 1 mg per day to about 10 mg per day, and at least one other agent cardiovascular.
70. 70. The method according to claim 69, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, a hydralazine compound, and mixtures thereof.
71. 71. Method for treatment and / or prevention of cardiovascular diseases, characterized by insufficient nitric oxide, wherein the method comprises administering nebivolol or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, to a patient, in an amount of about 1 mg per day to about 10 mg per day, and at least one other cardiovascular agent selected from the group consisting of isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, a hydralazine compound and mixtures thereof.
72. 72. Method for improving exercise tolerance or for improving the quality of life of a black patient requiring it, which comprises administering to the black patient a therapeutically effective amount of: (i) nebivolol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in an amount of about 1 mg to about 10 mg per day; (ii) at least one cardiovascular agent; and (iii) optionally, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of a compound of digitalis, a diuretic compound, potassium, an enzyme inhibitor that converts angiotensin, a beta-adrenergic blocker, a cholesterol reducer, a channel blocker calcium, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, and an endothelin antagonist.
73. 73. The method according to claim 72, characterized in that the cardiovascular agent is selected from the group consisting of ACE inhibitors, ARB's, adrenergic blockers, adrenergic agonists, pheochromocytoma agents, antiarrhythmics, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antihypertensives, anti-lipemic agents, antidiabetic agents , anti-inflammatory agents, calcium channel blockers, CETP inhibitors, COX-2 inhibitors, direct thrombin inhibitors, diuretics, endothelin receptor antagonists, HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, inotropic agents, rennin inhibitors, vasodilators, vasopressors, AGE interlacing, inhibitors of AGE formation, and their mixtures.
74. 74. A composition comprising nebivolol, hydrochlorothiazide and at least one additional active agent.