MX2007010761A - Adjustable ratchet wrench. - Google Patents

Abstract

An adjustable ratchet head assembly has first and second jaw members that are connected using a pinion shaft and a cogwheel shaft. The pinion shaft has oppositely threaded end portions that engage oppositely threaded pinion shaft receiving bores in a central section of each jaw member. The cogwheel shaft has oppositely threaded end portions that engage oppositely threaded cogwheel shaft receiving bores in a proximate end of each jaw member. A pinion gear is concentric with and engages the pinion shaft. A cogwheel gear is concentric with and engages the cogwheel shaft, and is in driving engagement with the pinion gear. Driving the cogwheel gear will cause rotation of the cogwheel shaft, pinion gear and pinion shaft, and will cause the jaw members to move toward or away from each other. The ratchet head assembly is received in a cylindrical ratchet head body, which is received in a handle assembly.

Description

KEY OF ADJUSTABLE RATCHET NUTS FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tool for removing screws and nuts, and in particular, with a ratchet tool for the removal of screws or nuts, which is adjustable to accommodate various sizes of screw head and nuts .

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Various tools are used to tighten and loosen screws and nuts. Two of those tools are open end wrenches and open end wrenches. Both types of wrenches have a specific opening to accommodate a corresponding size of screw head or nuts. To accommodate different sizes of screw heads or nuts, different wrenches having different sizes of corresponding openings would be necessary. An advance on open ended or individual closed end wrenches is a wrench for tightening nuts or adjustable nuts that has an adjustable opening to accommodate various sizes of screw or nuts, depending on the setting of the jaw opening. An alternative design to the open ended, closed and adjustable end wrenches is a tubular mouth wrench, which includes a ratchet and a tubular end for accepting a plurality of reciprocating tubular ports of different sizes. Each tubular mouth is specifically sized to accommodate a specific screw or nut size. An advantage of a tubular socket wrench is its ratchet feature which allows selective movement in either direction, clockwise or counterclockwise relative to the handle of the wrench thus providing what is known in the art as a "ratchet action" to allow a bolt or nut to be quickly loosened or tightened. A disadvantage of conventional adjustable wrenches is that they do not provide a ratchet action. Therefore, those wrenches do not allow one to quickly or easily tighten or loosen a bolt or nut by turning the wrench over a desired arc or the degree of rotation around the bolt or nut. A disadvantage with the Conventional tubular nut wrenches is that, since the tubular nozzles are not adjustable, a specific tubular mouth is needed for each screw or nut of different size that one wishes to adjust. Since the screws and nuts come in a variety of different sizes including in English and metric units, you need to have numerous tubular mouths at your disposal to accommodate those different sizes of screws and nuts. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for an improved tool that provides quick and easy removal of screw and nuts using an adjustable tool.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention satisfies this need and others with novel adjustable ratchet head assembly, and a novel ratchet nut driver device. The adjustable ratchet head assembly has first and second jaw-shaped members that are connected using a pinion shaft and a sprocket shaft. The pinion shaft has opposingly threaded end portions that engage the holes that receive the threaded pinion shaft in opposite manner a central section of each member in the form of a gag. The axis of the gear wheel has oppositely threaded end portions which engage the holes which receive the axis of the cogwheels threaded in opposite manner at a proximal end of each jaw-shaped member. The jaw-shaped members also have an end that engages the distal workpiece. The rotation of the pinion and the axis of the sprocket will cause the jaw-shaped members to move toward or away from each other. A pinion gear is concentric with and engages the pinion shaft. A sprocket gear is concentric with and engages the sprocket shaft, and is in drive engagement with the pinion gear. In this way, driving the gear of the gear wheel will cause the rotation of the gear wheel shaft as the gear of the pinion and the pinion shaft, and will cause the jaw-shaped members to move towards or away from each other. The proximal ends of the jaw-shaped members and the gearwheel axis are received in a diametral jaw / gearwheel-shaped member that receives the groove of a cylindrical ratchet head body. The body of the cylindrical ratchet head also has a ratchet gear about its circumference.

A handle assembly of the invention has a ratchet head that receives a structure and retainer assembly. The head body of the cylindrical ratchet received in the structure that receives the ratchet head from the handle assembly. The detent assembly cooperates with the ratchet gear to allow rotation of the ratchet head assembly with respect to mounting the handle in one direction and to prevent rotation of the ratchet head assembly in the other direction.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary adjustable ratcheting nut wrench device according to the invention; FIGURE 2 is an exploded view of the main components of the adjustable ratchet wrench device of FIGURE 1; FIGURE 3a is a top view of selected parts of an exemplary ratchet head assembly, retainer assembly or an inner handle member according to the different aspects of the invention (an exemplary lower handle member shown partially in broken lines); FIGURE 3b is a side view of an exemplary ratchet head assembly of FIGURE 3a; FIGURE 3c is a bottom view of the exemplary ratchet head assembly of FIGURE 3a; FIGURE 4 is a partial sectional view of an exemplary ratchet head assembly according to one aspect of the invention (for the purpose of making the understanding clear, the selected elements are shown in section while other elements are shown in plan ); and FIGURE 5 is a perspective view of an exemplary manual fastening member according to an aspect of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY MODALITIES OF THE INVENTION As shown in FIGURE 1, an exemplary embodiment of an adjustable ratcheting nut wrench device 10 according to the invention has, in general, a handle assembly 12 and an adjustable ratchet head assembly. The visible elements of the handle assembly 12 include a section of the handle 16, a manual clamping member 18 covering a portion of the handle section 16, an upper handle member 20, a lower handle member 21, a spacer member 22, a rotation direction lever 24 of a detent assembly. The visible elements of the ratchet head assembly 14 include first and second opposing jaw members 26, 27, a pinion shaft 28, a meshing guard 30, a protective cap 32, and a thrust wheel 34. The drive of the thrust wheel 34 will move the jaw-shaped members 26, 27 toward each other or move them away from each other, according to the rotation of the thrust wheel 34. The clamp-shaped members 26, 27 can be moved one away from the other to accommodate a screw or nut head, and then moved towards each other to attach the screw head or nut to tighten or loosen it. The handle assembly 12 keeps the ratchet head assembly 14 fixed in one direction of rotation, and allows the ratchet head assembly 14 to rotate freely in the other direction of rotation, so that the handle assembly 12 can be brought backwards to recover the stroke without removing the jaw-shaped members 26, 27 from the screw head or nut. The rotation rotation lever 24 determines whether the assembly of Ratchet head 14 is fixed in the counterclockwise clockwise direction with respect to the member assembly 12, and allows the direction to be changed to tighten or accommodate the screw or nut. FIGURE 2 is an exploded view of the exemplary adjustable ratchet 10 wrench device. Adjustable ratchet head assembly 14 has first and second opposing jaw members 26, 27, a pinion shaft 28 having a pinion gear 36, a gear wheel shaft 38 having a gear wheel gear 40, a ratchet head body 42, a rotation pin 44, a gear shield 46 and a protective layer 32. The handle assembly 12 has an upper handle member 20, a lower handle member 21, an inner handle member 50, a spacer member 22, and a train assembly 52. Each of the first and second opposing jaw-shaped members 26, 27 is an elongated structure having a longitudinal axis and having a distal end 56, 57, a central section 58, 59, and a proximal end 60, 61. The distal end 56, 57 of each member in the form of clamp 26, 27 is the end that engages the screw head, nut or other work piece. Each central section 58, 59 has a hole that receives the axis of threaded sprocket 62, 63 that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and extends through member 26, 27. Each orifice that receives the threaded pinion shaft 62, 63 rushes in the opposite direction from the other orifice that receives the pinion shaft 63, 62. Each proximal end 60, 61 has a hole that receives the threaded sprocket 64, 65 that is parallel to the hole parallel to the pinion shaft 62, 63 and also extends through the member 26, 27. Each orifice that receives the threaded sprocket 64, 65 is also threaded in a direction opposite to the other hole that receives the sprocket 65, 64. The sprocket shaft 28 has oppositely threaded end portions 66, 67 and a central portion 68. Sprocket engagement 36 is concentric with and engages the central portion 68 of the pinion shaft 28 between the oppositely threaded portions 66, 67, so that when the gear of the pinion 36 is actuated, the pinion shaft 28 rotates. The gear of the pinion 36 may be integrated with the pinion shaft 28, or it may be clamped, attached, fixed, attached, connected or coupled to the pinion shaft 28. Each of the end portions threaded oppositely of the pinion shaft 66, 67 is received in and threadably coupled with a receiving hole of the threaded pinion shaft with the respective jaw-shaped member 62, 63, so that rotation of the shaft of the sprocket 28 in the holes receiving the axis of the pinion 62, 63 cause the jaw-shaped members 26, 27 to move towards and away from each other. The axis of the wheel 38 also has end portions threaded in opposite manner 70, 71 and a central portion 72. The gear of the gear 40 is concentric with and engages the central portion 72 of the axis of the wheel 38 between the portions opposite threaded ends 70, 71, so that when the gear 40 of the wheel 40 is actuated, the axis of the gear 38 rotates. The engagement of the sprocket 40 can be integrated with the axis of the wheel 38, or it can be clamped, anchored, fixed, attached or connected or otherwise coupled to the axis of the sprocket 28. Additionally, the sprocket shaft 38 has an orifice that receives the rotation bolt 74 through a longitudinal axis of the axis of the gear 38. Each of the end portions threaded in an opposite manner to the axis of the gear wheel 70, 71 is received in and engaged from threaded manner with a receiving hole of the threaded wheel shaft of the respective jaw-shaped member 64, 65, so that the rotation of the axis of the gear 38 and the holes receiving the axis of the gear 64, 65 will that the jaw-shaped members 26, 27 move toward or away from each other. The axis of the wheel toothed 38 and the pinion shaft 28 have a parallel configuration and are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the first and second opposed jaw-shaped members 26, 27. The holes that receive the pinion shaft 62, 63, the holes that receive the axis of the gear 64, 65, the pinion shaft 28, the gear of the pinion 36, the axis of the gear 38 and the gear of the gear wheel 40 are located and scaled so that the engagement of the gear wheel 40 engages the gear of the gear wheel. sprocket 36. The engagement of sprocket 40 is also known as "push wheel 34" because in use, it is operated by the thumb of a user to open and close the jaw-shaped members 26, 27. When the the user drives the gear of the gear wheel / thrust wheel 40 (34), the axis of the parallel gear 28 and the axis of the gear 38 rotates and the jaw-shaped members 26, 27 are mounted on the pinion shaft 28 and the axis of the gear 36 towards and away from each other. Advantageously, the parallel arrangement of the pinion shaft 28 and the sprocket shaft 38 provides a uniform, stable and even easy adjustment of the jaw-shaped members 26, 27 and adds clamping force to counteract the rotational movements created when the ends that attach to the work piece, distal, 56, 57 of the jaws 26, 27 are tightened around a screw head, nut, or other workpiece. The gears and threads are also selected to maintain the members in the form of clamp 26, 27 in a proportional relationship. In the exemplary embodiment, the engagement of the gear 40 and the portions of the threaded ends 70, 71 of the axis of the gear 38 have a relationship with the sprocket threshold 36 and the threaded end portions 66, 67 of the pinion shaft 28 so that one gear revolution of the gear 40 advances the gear of the pinion 36 two revolutions. As shown in FIGURE 3a, FIGURE 3b, FIGURE 3c and FIGURE 4, the ratchet head body 42 has a generally cylindrical body 76, a groove that receives the jaw-shaped member / shaft of the diametric sprocket 78 for receiving the proximal ends 60, 61 of the jaw-shaped members 26, 27 and the axis of the gear 38, a slot receiving the gear of the diametrical gear 80 to receive the gear of the gear 40, a bolt of rotation 44 (shown in FIGURE 2 and in a representation of dashed lines in FIGURE 4), and a ratchet gear 84. The slot receiving the gear of the gear 80 is transverse to the slot receiving the jaw-shaped member / gear wheel shaft 78. The body of the ratchet head 42 is positioned around the proximal ends 60, 61 of the jaw-shaped members 26, 27 of the axis of the gear 38, and the engagement of the gear 40 so that the proximal ends 60, 61 of the jaw-shaped members 26, 27 and the axis of the gear 38 are received in the groove receiving the jaw-shaped member / shaft of the gear 78, and so that the gear of the gear 40 is received in the groove receiving the gear of the gear 80. A portion of the gear of the gear wheel 40 is projected from the body of the ratchet head. 42 to act as a thrust wheel 34. Shown in FIGURE 2 and FIGURE 4, the ratchet head body 42 also has a hole that receives the diametrical rotation bolt 85 aligned with the groove receiving the limb-shaped member. jaw / gear wheel shaft 78 and with the ori The rotation pin of the axis of the gear wheel 74 receives the rotation bolt 44 extends through the hole receiving the rotation bolt of the ratchet head body 86 and the hole that receives the shaft rotation bolt. of the gear 74 to rotatably engage the axis of the gear 38 to the head body of the gear ratchet 42. Shown in FIGURE 2 through FIGURE 4, the ratchet gear 84 engages the body circumference of the ratchet head 42, so that the jamming of the ratchet gear 84 prevents rotation of the head body 42. The ratchet engagement 84 may be integrated with the ratchet head body 42, or it may be clamped, anchored, fixed, attached, connected or otherwise coupled to the ratchet head body 42. Additionally, the ratchet head body 42 it has a hole that receives the meshing protection, diametral, 88 aligned with the slot that receives the gear of the gear 80 along a lower portion of the body of the ratchet head 42, and a slot that receives the lip of the protective cover 90 placed around an upper portion of the body of the ratchet head 42. The gear protecting member 46 is received in the openings of the hole receiving the gear protection of the ratchet head body 88 on the inside of the groove receiving the sprocket 80. The mesh guard member 46 covers and protects the sprocket 36 hearing protections against damage to the workpiece or other objects that may passing between the jaw-shaped members 26, 27. In the exemplary embodiment, the gear-protecting member 46 has a one-piece construction and follows the curvature of the gear of the pinion 36. The gear-protecting member 46 is elastic, which it allows it to be fixed so that its ends can be inserted into the openings of the hole that receives the guard of the body of the ratchet head 88 on the inside of the slot receiving the sprocket 80. Similarly, as best shown in FIG. the FIGURE 4, the protective cap 32 protects the upper body portion of the ratchet head 42 and the gear of the sprocket 40. The protective cap 42 is sized to be placed on the upper body portion of the ratchet head 42, and has a upper concave wall The protective cap 32 protects the gear of the gear 40, and provides comfort to the thumb of the user, and provides an aesthetic benefit (ie making it "seem more common") to the ratchet wrench device 10. The lid protector 32 has a cylindrical side wall 92 having an inner surface 94. a lip 96 extends from the inner surface 94, and cooperates with the groove receiving the lip of the protective cap 90 positioned around the upper portion of the ratchet head body 42 to maintain the protective cap 32 in the ratchet head body 42. Returning now to FIGURE 2, the upper handle member 20 and the lower handle member 21 have aligned annular portions 98, 99 in separate relationship forming a structure that receives the ratchet head. The inner handle 50 and the spacer member 22 maintain the upper handle member 20 and the lower handle member 21 in that separate relationship. The ratchet head body 42 is received within the structure receiving the ratchet head with the ratchet gear 84 positioned in the space between the annular portion of the upper handle member 98 and the annular portion of the lower handle member 99 of so that the ratchet head assembly 14 is rotatably coupled to the handle assembly 12. The spacer member 22 has a height greater than the width of the ratchet head 84 to facilitate rotation of the ratchet head assembly 14 in the structure which receives the ratchet head from the handle assembly 12. Shown in FIGURE 2 and FIGURE 3a, the detent assembly 52 cooperates with the engagement of the pawl 84 to allow rotation of the ratchet head assembly 14 with respect to the mounting of the ratchet head. handle 12 and to prevent rotation of the ratchet head assembly 14 in another direction. The detent assembly 52 has a double detent member 100, a rotational direction lever 24, and a deflection member 102. The double detent member 100 has opposed detents 104, 105 and a pivot pin 106 extending to through or from the upper and lower surfaces of the double detent member 100. The pivot pin 106 extends through aligned holes 108, 109 in the upper handle member 20 and the lower handle member 21, respectively to engage the double ratchet member 100 and for rotating one of the detents 104, 105, against the engagement of the pawl 84. The twist pin 106 can couple the double pawl member but through a flat spot or other irregular shape on the pin 106 acting on a coupling aperture of the double detent member 100. Alternatively, the pivot pin 06 may be integrated with the double detent member 100. The rotational direction lever 24 is attached to the portion. n of the pivot pin 106 extending through the orifice 106 in the handle member 20. The biasing member 102 applies a biasing force to the double rotation member 100 to deflect one of the opposed detents 104, 105 against engagement of ratchet 84, which jams the gear of ratchet 84 in a direction of rotation, and allows movement in the other direction of rotation. In this way, the biasing member 102 holds the double detent member 100 in the selected orientation until a changing force is applied to the steering and rotation lever 24 to overcome the biasing force and change the direction of allowable rotation of the assembly. of ratchet head 14. In the exemplary embodiment, the biasing member is a spring assembly 110 and spherical bearing 112. The spring 110 and spherical bearing assembly 112 are placed in a cavity 114 in the adjacent inner handle member 50. to the double detent member 100. The double detent member 100 has a head 116 and bearing grooves 118, 119 on either side of the head 116. The head 116 is opposite the opposed detents 104, 105, in a substantially triangular array. The spring assembly 110 and bearing 112 cooperates with the head 116 and bearing grooves 118, 119 so that the spherical bearing 112 is biased against the double detent member 100 in one of the bearing grooves 118, 119 to provide the deviation force. The upper handle member 20, the lower handle member 21 and the lower handle member 50 are held together by a fastener, such as rivets, as be necessary. As shown in FIGURE 1 and FIGURE 5, the manual clamping member 18 of the exemplary embodiment is a sleeve that slides over a handle portion 16 of the handle assembly 12, to provide an ergonomic adaptation of the wrench device. Ratchet nuts 10 to a human hand. Advantageously, the end of the manual clamping member 18 may contain a tubular mouth 120 for holding a blade. Additionally, the words "right" and "left" can be added to the upper handle member 20 adjacent to the rotation direction lever 24 to provide a visual indication with the lever 24 pointing toward the fixed rotation direction of the key switch device. ratchet nut 10. Likewise, the words "open" and "close" can be added to the protective cap 32 to provide a visual indication of the direction of rotation of the thrust wheel 34 to open and close the jaw-shaped members 26. , Referring now to FIGURE 2, the internal surfaces 122, 123 of the jaw-shaped members 26, 27 can be magnetized to allow placement of the screwdriver to use the device as a standard screwdriver.

Although the invention has been described in considerable detail with respect to the exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention may undergo numerous modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the claimed invention.

Claims (15)

1. NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION Having described the invention as above, property is claimed as contained in the following: CLAIMS 1. An adjustable ratchet head assembly, characterized in that it comprises: first and second opposed elongate jaw members, each jaw member having: a distal end engaging a workpiece- a central section; a near end; a threaded hole that receives the pinion shaft through the center section; and a threaded hole that receives the axis of the cogwheel through the proximal end; a pinion shaft having end portions threaded oppositely in engagement with a threaded hole that receives the pinion shaft from the respective jaw-shaped member; a pinion gear concentric with the pinion shaft; a cogwheel that has extreme portions threaded in opposite manner in threaded engagement with the hole receiving the shaft of the respective cogwheel, a cogwheel gear concentric with the gearwheel shaft, the engagement of the cogwheel in drive engagement with the gear of the gearwheel, so that the driving of the gear of the toothed wheel causes the rotation of the axis of the gear wheel, the engagement of the pinion and the pinion shaft, and causes the jaw-shaped members to move there away from each other. The adjustable ratchet head assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the first and second opposed elongate jaw members have a longitudinal axis, where each threaded hole that receives the pinion shaft is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the member in the form of respective jaw, and where each hole that receives the axis of the gear is parallel to the hole that receives the axis of the respective pinion, so that the pinion shaft and the axis of the gear have a parallel configuration and they are perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the jaw-shaped members. 3. The adjustable ratchet head assembly according to claim 2, characterized because the pinion shaft also has a central portion, where the gear of the pinion engages the central portion of the pinion shaft, where the gear wheel shaft also has a central portion, and where the engagement of the gear engages to the central portion of the sprocket shaft. 4. The adjustable ratchet head assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that it further comprises a ratchet head body having: a generally cylindrical body; and a diametral groove that receives the jaw-shaped member / shaft of the cogwheel; the cylindrical member positioned around the proximal ends of the jaw-shaped member, the axis of the sprocket and the sprocket so that the proximal ends of the jaw-shaped member and the axis of the sprocket are received in the slot which receives the jaw-shaped member / shaft of the sprocket, and a portion of the gear of the sprocket is projected from the body of the ratchet head to act as a thrust wheel. 5. The adjustable ratchet head assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises a rotation bolt, wherein the The sprocket shaft further has a longitudinal axis and hole that receives the rotation bolt through the longitudinal axis of the sprocket shaft, and where the ratchet head body further has a diametrical orifice that receives the rotation bolt aligned with the slot receiving the jaw-shaped member / shaft of the gear wheel and with the hole and receiving the rotation pin of the gear wheel axis, the rotation pin extending through the hole receiving the rotation pin of the gear wheel. ratchet head body and the hole that receives the rotation pin of the sprocket shaft to rotatably engage the axis of the sprocket to the ratchet head body. 6. The adjustable ratchet head assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a meshing protector member for covering and protecting the gear of the pinion, wherein the ratchet head body further has a slot that receives the meshing of the gear wheel and a diametral hole that receives the gear erection, in the slot that receives the gear and the sprocket placed transverse to the slot that receives the mimbro in the form of jaw / spindle of the gear to receive the gear of the gear, the hole that receives the gear guard aligned with the slot who receives the gear of the gear wheel along a lower portion of the ratchet head body, a gear shield received in the opening of the hole that receives the gear guard from the ratchet head body on the inside of the slot receiving the gear of the cogwheel. The adjustable ratchet head assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that it also has a protective layer to protect the sprocket, the protective cap sized to be placed on the upper portion of the body of the ratchet head, which has a wall upper concave and a cylindrical side wall having an internal surface, the inner surface of the side wall having a lip extending therethrough, where the ratchet head body further has a slot that receives the lip of the protective cap placed about a portion of the body of the ratchet head, the lip of the protective cap cooperating with the slot receiving the lip of the protective cap to maintain the protective cap on the body of the ratchet head. 8. A ratchet wrench device, characterized in that it comprises: an adjustable ratchet head assembly having: first and second members in the form of elongated jaws, each member having a jaw shape: a central section; a proximal end; a mixing orifice that receives the pinion shaft through the center section; and a threaded hole that receives the axis of the cogwheel through the proximal end; a pinion shaft having end portions threaded in opposite manner in threaded engagement with a threaded hole that receives the pinion shaft from the respective jaw-shaped member; a pinion gear concentric with the pinion shaft; a gear wheel shaft having end portions threaded in opposite manner in threaded engagement with the hole receiving the respective gear wheel shaft, a gear wheel gear concentric with the gear wheel axis, gear wheel gear in coupling by actuation with the gear of the pinion, so that the actuation of the engagement of the gear causes the rotation of the gear wheel shaft, the gear of the pinion and the pinion shaft, and that the jaw-shaped members move away from each other. a cylindrical ratchet head body having: a diametral slot receiving the jaw-shaped member / shaft of the sprocket, proximal ends of jaw-shaped member and the axis of the sprocket received in the receiving slot the jaw-shaped member / shaft of the gear wheel so that a portion of the gear of the gear wheel projects from the body of the ratchet head to act as a thrust wheel; and a ratchet gear around the circumference of the body of the ratchet head; and a handle assembly having a structure receiving the ratchet head and a detent assembly, the cylindrical ratchet head body received in the structure receiving the ratchet head from the handle assembly, the retainer assembly cooperating with a ratchet engagement to allow rotation of the ratchet head assembly with respect to mounting the handle in one direction and to prevent rotation of the ratchet head assembly in the other direction. 9. The ratchet wrench device according to claim 8, characterized in that the handle assembly comprises an upper handle assembly having an annular portion and a lower handle member having an annular portion, the annular portion of the upper handle member and the annular portion of the lower handle member in aligned relation and separated by forming the structure receiving the ratchet head, the ratchet gear placed in the space between the annular portion of the upper handle member and the annular portion of the lower handle member, so that the mounting of the ratchet head is rotatably coupled to the handle assembly. The ratchet wrench device according to claim 9, characterized in that the handle assembly further comprises a spacer member for maintaining the annular portion of the upper handle member and the annular portion of the lower handle member in a separate relationship. . The ratchet wrench device according to claim 10, characterized in that the upper handle member and the lower handle member have holes that receive the aligned pivot bolt, the retainer assembly comprising: a pivot bolt. placed in the holes that the pivot pin receives, the pivot pin having an upper portion extending beyond an outer surface of one of the respective members of the outer handle; a double detent member having opposed detents, the double detent member attached to the pivot bolt and positioned between the upper handle member and the lower handle member; a rotational direction lever fixed to the upper portion of the pivot pin, for rotating one of the opposing detents against ratchet engagement to control the direction of allowable rotation of the ratchet head assembly; and a biasing member for applying a biasing force and a double detent member to bias one of the opposing detents against ratchet engagement. The ratchet wrench device according to claim 11, characterized in that the handle assembly further comprises a rear handle member having a cavity adjacent to the double detent member, the double retainer member further having a head opposite the opposing seals and bearing grooves on the side of the head, the deviation member comprising an assembly of spring and spherical bearing placed in the cavity so that the spherical bearing is biased against the double detent member in one of the grooves of the bearing. The adjustable ratchet head assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises a rotation bolt wherein the axis of the gear wheel further has a longitudinal axis and an orifice that receives the rotation bolt through the shaft longitudinal axis of the gear wheel, and where the body of the ratchet head further has a diametral hole that receives the rotation pin aligned with the hole that receives the member in the form of jaw / shaft of the gear and with the hole that receives the rotation pin of the gear wheel shaft, the rotation pin extending through the hole that receives the rotation bolt of the ratchet head body and the hole that receives the rotation pin from the gear wheel shaft for coupling in a rotatable manner the axis of the gear wheel to the body of the ratchet head. The adjustable ratchet head assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises a protective gear member to cover and protect the gear of the pinion, where the body of the ratchet head further has a slot that receives the gear of the gear wheel and a diametral hole that receives the gear guard, the slot that receives the gear of the gear placed transverse to the slot that receives the jaw-shaped member / shaft of the sprocket to receive the gear of the sprocket, the hole that receives the gear guard aligned with the slot that receives the gear of the sprocket along a lower portion of the body of the ratchet head, the received gear shield and the openings of the hole that receives the gear guard of the ratchet head body inside the slot receiving the gear of the gear wheel. 15. The adjustable ratchet head assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that it also has a protective cap to protect the gear wheel, the protective cap sized to be placed on the upper portion of the ratchet head body, having the protective cap a concave upper wall and a cylindrical side wall having an internal surface, the inner surface of the side wall having a lip extending therefrom, wherein the portion of the ratchet head further has a slot which receives the lip of the protective cap placed around an upper portion of the body of the ratchet head, the lip of the protective cap cooperating with the slot receiving the lip of the protective cap to maintain the protective cap on the body of the ratchet head.