MD934Z - Vertical axis wind installation (variants) - Google Patents

Vertical axis wind installation (variants) Download PDF

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Publication number
MD934Z
MD934Z MDS20150042A MDS20150042A MD934Z MD 934 Z MD934 Z MD 934Z MD S20150042 A MDS20150042 A MD S20150042A MD S20150042 A MDS20150042 A MD S20150042A MD 934 Z MD934 Z MD 934Z
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MD
Moldova
Prior art keywords
tower
turbine
shaft
rotating shaft
shafts
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Application number
MDS20150042A
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Romanian (ro)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Ион БОСТАН
Валериу ДУЛГЕРУ
Гаврил ПОРЧЕСКУ
Original Assignee
Технический университет Молдовы
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Filing date
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Application filed by Технический университет Молдовы filed Critical Технический университет Молдовы
Priority to MDS20150042A priority Critical patent/MD934Z/en
Publication of MD934Y publication Critical patent/MD934Y/en
Publication of MD934Z publication Critical patent/MD934Z/en

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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

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Abstract

The invention relates to the power engineering, namely to wind turbines with vertical axis and can be used for conversion of wind energy into electrical energy.The wind-driven plant with vertical axis, according to the first embodiment, comprises a turbine with a vertical fixed tower (1), on which is coaxially placed a main rotating shaft (4) with helical blades (5). On the tower (1) is coaxially placed an additional rotating shaft, with at least two continuous helical blades (9). The wind-driven plant further comprises an electric generator (2), to the stator (3) of which is rigidly connected the shaft (4), and to its rotor is rigidly connected the additional rotating shaft. The rotor is connected to the tower (1) through an overrunning clutch. The rotating main shaft (4) and the additional one are kinematically connected to each other with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions.The wind-driven plant, according to the second embodiment, comprises two turbines and an electric generator. The rotating main shafts and rotating additional shafts of the turbines are kinematically connected by rectangular bevel transmissions to the stator and the rotor of the electric generator, respectively, on both sides thereof.

Description

Invenţia se referă la energetică, şi anume la instalaţii eoliene cu ax vertical şi poate fi utilizată pentru transformarea energiei eoliene în energie electrică. The invention relates to energy, namely to vertical axis wind installations and can be used to transform wind energy into electrical energy.

Se cunoaşte o turbină eoliană cu ax flotant, care include un ax principal şi o serie de rotoare verticale şi orizontale amplasate coaxial. Rotoarele verticale sunt dotate cu pale elicoidale cu profil aerodinamic, amplasate în partea inferioară a turnului. În spaţiul dintre pale sunt plasate suplimentar alte pale pentru eficientizarea construcţiei. Modificarea unghiului de înclinaţie a arborelui principal are drept scop amplificarea capacităţii consumului de putere eoliană de către rotoarele amplasate coaxial [1]. A floating-axis wind turbine is known, which includes a main shaft and a series of coaxially arranged vertical and horizontal rotors. The vertical rotors are equipped with helical blades with an aerodynamic profile, located in the lower part of the tower. In the space between the blades, additional blades are placed to make the construction more efficient. Changing the angle of inclination of the main shaft aims to increase the wind power consumption capacity of the coaxially arranged rotors [1].

Se cunoaşte, de asemenea, o turbină eoliană cu ax vertical, care conţine un turn vertical fix, pe care este instalat liber un arbore rotitor de bază cu nişte pale, legate cu el rigid, fiecare pală având formă alungită elicoidală şi profil aerodinamic în secţiunea perpendiculară axei longitudinale. În spaţiul dintre pale sunt amplasate suplimentar cel puţin două pale elicoidale, fixate fără spaţiu de un arbore rotitor suplimentar, care este amplasat coaxial cu arborele rotitor de bază şi legat cu el prin intermediul unui cuplaj unisens [2]. A vertical axis wind turbine is also known, comprising a fixed vertical tower, on which a basic rotating shaft is freely installed with blades rigidly connected thereto, each blade having an elongated helical shape and an aerodynamic profile in the section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. In the space between the blades, at least two helical blades are additionally located, fixed without a gap to an additional rotating shaft, which is located coaxially with the basic rotating shaft and connected to it by means of a one-way coupling [2].

Aceste soluţii tehnice prezintă o serie de dezavantaje, cum ar fi construcţia neadaptată a sistemului privind conversia potenţialului maxim de energie din fluxul captat, mai ales în zonele cu potenţial eolian redus, precum şi imposibilitatea sumării momentelor rotoarelor. These technical solutions present a series of disadvantages, such as the unsuitable construction of the system regarding the conversion of the maximum energy potential from the captured flow, especially in areas with low wind potential, as well as the impossibility of summing the rotor moments.

Problema tehnică pe care o rezolvă invenţia este simplificarea construcţiei şi sporirea eficienţei de conversie a energiei eoliene în zonele cu potenţial eolian scăzut. The technical problem that the invention solves is to simplify the construction and increase the conversion efficiency of wind energy in areas with low wind potential.

Instalaţia eoliană cu ax vertical, conform primei variante, înlătură dezavantajele menţionate mai sus prin aceea că conţine o turbină cu un turn vertical fix, pe care este amplasat coaxial un arbore rotitor de bază, cu care sunt unite rigid pale elicoidale, executate alungit cu profil aerodinamic în secţiune transversală. Pe turn, în spaţiul dintre pale, este amplasat coaxial un arbore rotitor suplimentar, cu care sunt unite rigid fără spaţiu cel puţin două pale elicoidale pline, şi un generator electric. Arborele rotitor de bază este unit rigid cu statorul, iar arborele rotitor suplimentar este unit rigid cu rotorul, care, la rândul său, este unit cu turnul printr-un cuplaj unisens. Arborii sunt legaţi cinematic între ei cu posibilitatea rotirii în direcţii opuse. The vertical axis wind turbine, according to the first variant, eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages by containing a turbine with a fixed vertical tower, on which a basic rotating shaft is coaxially located, to which helical blades, elongated in shape with an aerodynamic profile in cross section, are rigidly connected. On the tower, in the space between the blades, an additional rotating shaft is coaxially located, to which at least two solid helical blades are rigidly connected without a space, and an electric generator. The basic rotating shaft is rigidly connected to the stator, and the additional rotating shaft is rigidly connected to the rotor, which, in turn, is connected to the tower by a one-way coupling. The shafts are kinematically connected to each other with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions.

Instalaţia eoliană cu ax vertical, conform variantei a doua, înlătură dezavantajele menţionate mai sus prin aceea că conţine o turbină cu un turn vertical fix, pe care este amplasat coaxial un arbore rotitor de bază, cu care sunt unite rigid o serie de pale elicoidale, executate alungit cu profil aerodinamic în secţiune transversală. Pe turn, în spaţiul dintre pale, este amplasat coaxial un arbore rotitor suplimentar, cu care sunt unite rigid fără spaţiu cel puţin două pale elicoidale pline, şi un generator electric. Instalaţia este dotată cu o a doua turbină. Arborii rotitori de bază ai celor două turbine sunt legaţi cinematic, prin intermediul unor transmisii conice ortogonale, cu statorul, din ambele părţi ale lui, iar arborii rotitori suplimentari ai turbinelor menţionate sunt legaţi cinematic, prin intermediul altor transmisii conice ortogonale, cu rotorul, din ambele părţi ale lui, amplasate coaxial cu primele. Rotoarele fiecărei turbine sunt unite cu turnurile sale prin cuplaje unisens. Arborii fiecărei turbine sunt legaţi cinematic între ei cu posibilitatea rotirii în direcţii opuse. The vertical axis wind turbine installation, according to the second variant, eliminates the disadvantages mentioned above by containing a turbine with a fixed vertical tower, on which a basic rotating shaft is coaxially placed, to which a series of helical blades, elongated in shape with an aerodynamic profile in cross section, are rigidly connected. On the tower, in the space between the blades, an additional rotating shaft is coaxially placed, to which at least two solid helical blades are rigidly connected without a space, and an electric generator. The installation is equipped with a second turbine. The basic rotating shafts of the two turbines are kinematically connected, by means of orthogonal bevel transmissions, to the stator, on both sides thereof, and the additional rotating shafts of the said turbines are kinematically connected, by means of other orthogonal bevel transmissions, to the rotor, on both sides thereof, placed coaxially with the first ones. The rotors of each turbine are connected to its towers by one-way couplings. The shafts of each turbine are kinematically linked to each other with the possibility of rotating in opposite directions.

Rezultatul tehnic al invenţiei constă în fiabilitatea ridicată, construcţia simplă, coeficientul sporit de conversie a potenţialului eolian şi posibilitatea sumării momentelor rotoarelor coaxiale. The technical result of the invention consists of high reliability, simple construction, increased wind potential conversion coefficient and the possibility of summing the moments of coaxial rotors.

Invenţia se explică prin desenele din fig. 1-3, care reprezintă: The invention is explained by the drawings in Fig. 1-3, which represent:

- fig. 1, vederea generală a instalaţiei eoliene cu ax vertical; - Fig. 1, general view of the vertical axis wind turbine;

- fig. 2, subansamblurile de bază ale instalaţiei în secţiune longitudinală; - Fig. 2, the basic subassemblies of the installation in longitudinal section;

- fig. 3, schema cinematică a instalaţiei, varianta a doua. - Fig. 3, kinematic diagram of the installation, second version.

Instalaţia eoliană cu ax vertical, conform primei variante, conţine turnul vertical fix 1 (fig. 1, 2), pe care este instalat generatorul electric 2, al cărui stator 3 este unit rigid cu arborele rotitor de bază 4, pe care sunt fixate o serie de pale elicoidale 5, executate alungit cu profil aerodinamic în secţiune transversală. Capetele palelor 5 sunt unite între ele cu un set de bare orizontale 6, iar cu arborele 4 prin elementele de fixare 7 în formă de pale cu profil aerodinamic. Pe turnul 1 este amplasat coaxial arborele rotitor suplimentar 8, pe care sunt fixate palele elicoidale pline 9 ale rotorului Savonius. Arborele 8 este unit prin intermediul cuplajului 10 cu rotorul 11 al generatorului electric 2. Pe arborele 8 este montată roata dinţată cilindrică 12, care se angrenează cu roţile dinţate 13, fixate rigid pe axurile 14, care sunt unite rigid cu arborele 4. Rotorul 11 este, de asemenea, legat cu turnul 1 prin intermediul cuplajului unisens 15. The vertical axis wind turbine, according to the first variant, contains the fixed vertical tower 1 (fig. 1, 2), on which the electric generator 2 is installed, the stator 3 of which is rigidly connected to the main rotating shaft 4, on which a series of helical blades 5 are fixed, made elongated with an aerodynamic profile in cross section. The ends of the blades 5 are connected to each other with a set of horizontal bars 6, and to the shaft 4 by fastening elements 7 in the form of blades with an aerodynamic profile. On the tower 1, the additional rotating shaft 8 is coaxially located, on which the solid helical blades 9 of the Savonius rotor are fixed. The shaft 8 is connected by means of the coupling 10 to the rotor 11 of the electric generator 2. On the shaft 8 is mounted the cylindrical gear 12, which meshes with the gear wheels 13, rigidly fixed on the shafts 14, which are rigidly connected to the shaft 4. The rotor 11 is also connected to the tower 1 by means of the one-way coupling 15.

În varianta a doua, instalaţia este dotată cu o a doua turbină (fig. 3), arborii 4 ai celor două turbine fiind legaţi cinematic, prin intermediul transmisiilor conice ortogonale 16, cu statorul 3, din ambele părţi ale lui, iar arborii 8 ai turbinelor menţionate sunt legaţi, prin intermediul transmisiilor conice ortogonale 17, cu rotorul 11, din ambele părţi ale lui. Rotoarele 11 ale fiecărei turbine sunt unite cu turnurile sale 1 prin cuplajele unisens 18. In the second variant, the installation is equipped with a second turbine (fig. 3), the shafts 4 of the two turbines being kinematically connected, by means of orthogonal bevel gears 16, to the stator 3, on both sides thereof, and the shafts 8 of the said turbines are connected, by means of orthogonal bevel gears 17, to the rotor 11, on both sides thereof. The rotors 11 of each turbine are connected to its towers 1 by means of one-way couplings 18.

Instalaţia eoliană cu ax vertical funcţionează în modul următor. The vertical axis wind turbine operates in the following way.

Sub acţiunea curenţilor de aer la viteze mici ale vântului palele 9 antrenează în mişcare de rotaţie arborele 8, care, la rândul său, roteşte rotorul 11. Totodată, arborele 8, prin intermediul roţilor dinţate 12 şi 13 şi al axurilor 14, antrenează în mişcare de rotaţie arborele 4 al rotorului Darrieus în direcţie opusă rotorului Savonius. Mişcarea de rotaţie a arborelui 4 este transmisă statorului 3, unit rigid cu el, antrenându-l în mişcare de rotaţie în direcţie opusă rotorului 11, asigurând generatorului electric 2 o turaţie de lucru sumară înaltă. Palele 5 cu profil aerodinamic sunt orientate astfel încât să susţină mişcarea de rotaţie în direcţie inversă arborelui 4. Under the action of air currents at low wind speeds, the blades 9 drive the shaft 8 into rotation, which, in turn, rotates the rotor 11. At the same time, the shaft 8, by means of the gear wheels 12 and 13 and the axles 14, drives the shaft 4 of the Darrieus rotor into rotation in the opposite direction to the Savonius rotor. The rotational movement of the shaft 4 is transmitted to the stator 3, rigidly connected to it, driving it into rotation in the opposite direction to the rotor 11, ensuring the electric generator 2 a high overall working speed. The blades 5 with an aerodynamic profile are oriented so as to support the rotational movement in the opposite direction to the shaft 4.

Atunci când momentul de torsiune al arborelui 4 va fi mai mare decât al arborelui 8, cuplajul unisens 15 va bloca arborele 8, asigurând rotirea în continuare a arborelui 4. La reducerea vitezei vântului, momentul de torsiune al arborelui 4 se reduce, asigurând demararea rotirii în direcţie inversă a arborelui 8. When the torque of shaft 4 is greater than that of shaft 8, the one-way clutch 15 will block shaft 8, ensuring continued rotation of shaft 4. When the wind speed decreases, the torque of shaft 4 is reduced, ensuring the start of rotation in the opposite direction of shaft 8.

În varianta a doua, mişcarea de rotaţie a arborilor 4 ai celor două turbine se transmite statorului 3 prin transmisiile 16, iar mişcarea de rotaţie a arborilor 8, în direcţie inversă, se transmite rotorului 11 prin intermediul transmisiilor 17, asigurând astfel o funcţionare eficientă a generatorului electric 2. Cuplajele 18 reglează funcţionarea comună a arborilor 4 şi 8. In the second variant, the rotational movement of the shafts 4 of the two turbines is transmitted to the stator 3 through the transmissions 16, and the rotational movement of the shafts 8, in the opposite direction, is transmitted to the rotor 11 through the transmissions 17, thus ensuring efficient operation of the electric generator 2. The couplings 18 regulate the joint operation of the shafts 4 and 8.

Soluţia tehnică propusă permite utilizarea mai eficientă a energiei vântului prin rotirea în direcţii opuse a arborilor instalaţiei eoliene cu ax vertical. The proposed technical solution allows for more efficient use of wind energy by rotating the shafts of the vertical axis wind turbine in opposite directions.

1. EP 1407139 B1 2004.04.14 1. EP 1407139 B1 2004.04.14

2. MD 3817 C2 2009.11.30 2. MD 3817 C2 2009.11.30

Claims (2)

1. Instalaţie eoliană cu ax vertical, care conţine o turbină cu un turn vertical fix (1), pe care este amplasat coaxial un arbore rotitor de bază (4), cu care sunt unite rigid pale elicoidale (5), executate alungit cu profil aerodinamic în secţiune transversală, totodată pe turn (1), în spaţiul dintre pale (5), este amplasat coaxial un arbore rotitor suplimentar (8), cu care sunt unite rigid fără spaţiu cel puţin două pale elicoidale pline (9), şi un generator electric (2), caracterizată prin aceea că arborele (4) este unit rigid cu statorul (3), iar arborele (8) este unit rigid cu rotorul (11), care, la rândul său, este unit cu turnul (1) printr-un cuplaj unisens (15); arborii (4, 8) sunt legaţi cinematic între ei cu posibilitatea rotirii în direcţii opuse.1. Vertical axis wind turbine, comprising a turbine with a fixed vertical tower (1), on which a basic rotating shaft (4) is coaxially located, to which helical blades (5) are rigidly connected, made elongated with an aerodynamic profile in cross section, at the same time on the tower (1), in the space between the blades (5), an additional rotating shaft (8) is coaxially located, to which at least two solid helical blades (9) are rigidly connected without a space, and an electric generator (2), characterized in that the shaft (4) is rigidly connected to the stator (3), and the shaft (8) is rigidly connected to the rotor (11), which, in turn, is connected to the tower (1) by a one-way coupling (15); the shafts (4, 8) are kinematically connected to each other with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions. 2. Instalaţie eoliană cu ax vertical, care conţine o turbină cu un turn vertical fix (1), pe care este amplasat coaxial un arbore rotitor de bază (4), cu care sunt unite rigid o serie de pale elicoidale (5), executate alungit cu profil aerodinamic în secţiune transversală, totodată pe turn (1), în spaţiul dintre pale (5), este amplasat coaxial un arbore rotitor suplimentar (8), cu care sunt unite rigid fără spaţiu cel puţin două pale elicoidale pline (9), şi un generator electric (2), caracterizată prin aceea că este dotată cu o a doua turbină; arborii (4) celor două turbine sunt legaţi cinematic, prin intermediul unor transmisii conice ortogonale (16), cu statorul (3), din ambele părţi ale lui, iar arborii (8) turbinelor menţionate sunt legaţi cinematic, prin intermediul altor transmisii conice ortogonale (17), cu rotorul (11), din ambele părţi ale lui, amplasate coaxial cu primele; rotoarele (11) fiecărei turbine sunt unite cu turnurile (1) sale prin cuplaje unisens (18); arborii (4, 8) fiecărei turbine sunt legaţi cinematic între ei cu posibilitatea rotirii în direcţii opuse.2. Vertical axis wind turbine, comprising a turbine with a fixed vertical tower (1), on which a basic rotating shaft (4) is coaxially placed, to which a series of helical blades (5), elongated with an aerodynamic profile in cross section, are rigidly connected, at the same time on the tower (1), in the space between the blades (5), an additional rotating shaft (8) is coaxially placed, to which at least two solid helical blades (9) are rigidly connected without space, and an electric generator (2), characterized in that it is equipped with a second turbine; the shafts (4) of the two turbines are kinematically connected, by means of orthogonal conical transmissions (16), with the stator (3), on both sides thereof, and the shafts (8) of the said turbines are kinematically connected, by means of other orthogonal conical transmissions (17), with the rotor (11), on both sides thereof, placed coaxially with the first ones; the rotors (11) of each turbine are connected to its towers (1) by one-way couplings (18); the shafts (4, 8) of each turbine are kinematically connected to each other with the possibility of rotation in opposite directions.
MDS20150042A 2015-03-26 2015-03-26 Vertical axis wind installation (variants) MD934Z (en)

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MDS20150042A MD934Z (en) 2015-03-26 2015-03-26 Vertical axis wind installation (variants)

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MD934Z true MD934Z (en) 2016-04-30

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU13907A1 (en) * 1929-05-16 1930-03-31 Ф.В. Лузалов Wind engine
SU1325187A1 (en) * 1986-01-14 1987-07-23 Ч.-К. .. Будрсвич Wind motor
EP1407139B1 (en) * 2001-06-14 2009-10-21 Douglas Spriggs Selsam Coaxial multi-rotor wind turbine
MD3847C2 (en) * 2007-05-11 2009-10-31 Технический университет Молдовы Wind turbine with vertical axle (variants)
MD3817C2 (en) * 2007-05-11 2009-10-31 Технический университет Молдовы Wind turbine with vertical axle (variants)
  • 2015

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU13907A1 (en) * 1929-05-16 1930-03-31 Ф.В. Лузалов Wind engine
SU1325187A1 (en) * 1986-01-14 1987-07-23 Ч.-К. .. Будрсвич Wind motor
EP1407139B1 (en) * 2001-06-14 2009-10-21 Douglas Spriggs Selsam Coaxial multi-rotor wind turbine
MD3847C2 (en) * 2007-05-11 2009-10-31 Технический университет Молдовы Wind turbine with vertical axle (variants)
MD3817C2 (en) * 2007-05-11 2009-10-31 Технический университет Молдовы Wind turbine with vertical axle (variants)

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