MD1448Z - Process for removing heat-resistant coatings from a surface of hard alloys - Google Patents
Process for removing heat-resistant coatings from a surface of hard alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- MD1448Z MD1448Z MDS20190061A MDS20190061A MD1448Z MD 1448 Z MD1448 Z MD 1448Z MD S20190061 A MDS20190061 A MD S20190061A MD S20190061 A MDS20190061 A MD S20190061A MD 1448 Z MD1448 Z MD 1448Z
- Authority
- MD
- Moldova
- Prior art keywords
- resistant coatings
- removing heat
- blades
- hard alloys
- duration
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.ON WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHPYJLCQYMAXGG-WCCKRBBISA-N (2R)-2-amino-3-(2-boronoethylsulfanyl)propanoic acid hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.N[C@@H](CSCCB(O)O)C(O)=O GHPYJLCQYMAXGG-WCCKRBBISA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910017920 NH3OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F5/00—Electrolytic stripping of metallic layers or coatings
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Prezenta invenţie se referă la domeniul construcţiei de maşini şi poate fi utilizată în confecţionarea turbinelor de aviaţie şi de putere, precum şi la repararea paletelor de avioane sau a altor părţi ale turbinelor şi anume pentru înlăturarea acoperirilor rezistente la căldură de pe suprafaţa paletelor confecţionate din aliajele dure. The present invention relates to the field of machine building and can be used in the manufacture of aviation and power turbines, as well as in the repair of aircraft blades or other parts of turbines, namely for removing heat-resistant coatings from the surface of blades made of hard alloys.
Este cunoscut un procedeu de înlăturare a acoperirilor din metal de pe suprafaţa paletelor din aliaje rezistente la căldură, care cuprinde prepararea electrolitului, plasarea paletei/paletelor în electrolit care conţine cel puţin un acid anorganic, selectat din grupul azotic, sulfuric, clorhidric sau fosforic şi apa. Apoi simultan, este aplicat curent alternativ cu tensiunea de 220 V sau 380 V cu o frecvenţa de 50 Hz la cel puţin doua produse cu acoperire rezistivă la căldură [1]. A method for removing metal coatings from the surface of heat-resistant alloy blades is known, which comprises preparing the electrolyte, placing the blade/blades in the electrolyte containing at least one inorganic acid selected from the group consisting of nitric, sulfuric, hydrochloric or phosphoric acid and water. Then, simultaneously, alternating current with a voltage of 220 V or 380 V with a frequency of 50 Hz is applied to at least two products with heat-resistant coating [1].
Dezavantajele procedeului cunoscut sunt viteza redusă a procesului de înlăturare a acoperirilor şi diminuarea dimensiunilor geometrice a paletelor prelucrate. The disadvantages of the known process are the reduced speed of the coating removal process and the reduction in the geometric dimensions of the processed blades.
În calitate de cel mai apropiat analog este un procedeu de îndepărtare a stratului de acoperire dintr-un substrat metalic, care prevede tratarea paletei în regim electrolitic cu plasmă la care este aplicat un pachet de impulsuri de curent continuu cu frecvenţa de 30...40 kHz, durata pauzei dintre pachete constituie 4...10 µs, procedeul se realizează în electrolit care conţine (în % de masă): fluorură de amoniu 2...5; trilon B - 0,01...0,03 şi apă - restul, prepararea electrolitului, plasarea produsului în electrolit ce conţine, cel puţin, un acid anorganic, selectat din grupul azotic, sulfuric, clorhidric, fosforic şi apa. Apoi sunt plasate simultan nu mai puţin de două produse cu acoperire, prin care trece curent alternativ cu tensiunea de 220 V sau 380 V şi frecvenţa de 50 Hz [2]. As the closest analogue is a process of removing the coating layer from a metal substrate, which provides for the treatment of the pallet in the electrolytic mode with plasma to which a packet of direct current pulses with a frequency of 30...40 kHz is applied, the duration of the pause between the packets is 4...10 µs, the process is carried out in an electrolyte containing (in mass%): ammonium fluoride 2...5; trilon B - 0.01...0.03 and water - the rest, preparation of the electrolyte, placing the product in an electrolyte containing at least one inorganic acid, selected from the group of nitric, sulfuric, hydrochloric, phosphoric and water. Then no less than two coated products are placed simultaneously, through which an alternating current with a voltage of 220 V or 380 V and a frequency of 50 Hz passes [2].
Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în faptul că, atunci când curentul creşte până la 20 A, viteza de gravare creşte în mod semnificativ, iar rugozitatea suprafeţei prelucrate devine inadmisibilă. Eliminarea completă a acoperirii de pe suprafaţa paletei se atinge atunci când durata procesului de lustruire electrolitică cu plasmă este mai mare de 60 min. The disadvantage of this process is that when the current increases to 20 A, the etching speed increases significantly, and the roughness of the processed surface becomes unacceptable. Complete removal of the coating from the surface of the pallet is achieved when the duration of the plasma electrolytic polishing process is more than 60 min.
Problema tehnică a procedeului revendicat constă în majorarea vitezei procesului, menţinând, în acelaşi timp, dimensiunile geometrice ale paletei. The technical problem of the claimed process consists in increasing the speed of the process, while maintaining, at the same time, the geometric dimensions of the pallet.
Problema tehnică specificata se rezolvă prin faptul că în procedeul de eliminare a acoperirilor rezistente la căldură de pe suprafaţa paletelor din aliajele dure care include prelucrarea paletei în regim electrolitic cu plasmă, folosind curent alternativ cu o frecvenţă de alimentare de 50 Hz, prelucrarea paletelor se efectuează cu impulsuri bipolare cu durata de 10...50 µs pentru componenta anodică şi cu durata de 40...200 µs pentru componenta catodică. The specified technical problem is solved by the fact that in the process of removing heat-resistant coatings from the surface of hard alloy blades, which includes processing the blade in an electrolytic plasma mode, using alternating current with a supply frequency of 50 Hz, the processing of the blades is carried out with bipolar pulses with a duration of 10...50 µs for the anodic component and with a duration of 40...200 µs for the cathodic component.
Aplicarea impulsurilor bipolare permite obţinerea efectului dorit folosind mijloace mai ieftine, precum şi asigurarea manevrabilităţii sporite a procesului electrochimic prin ajustare a caracteristicilor temporale a impulsurilor de curent, reducerea consumului de energie în procesul de lustruire şi curăţare a suprafeţelor în comparaţie cu prelucrarea lor în curent continuu. Îmbunătăţirea eficienţei de prelucrare la care viteza de înlăturare a neregularitaţiilor suprafeţei prelucrate creşte semnificativ în raport cu viteza totală de îndepărtare a aliajului. De exemplu, utilizarea impulsurilor bipolare la lustruire a multor aliaje metalice permite renunţarea utilizării costisitoare şi nocive a electroliţilor care conţin crom. Aplicarea impulsurilor în proces de lustruire electrolitică cu plasmă contribuie la reducerea consumului de energie şi îmbunătăţirea eficienţei procesului, sporind în acelaşi timp intensitate, calitatea prelucrării şi securitate ecologică. The application of bipolar pulses allows to obtain the desired effect using cheaper means, as well as to ensure increased controllability of the electrochemical process by adjusting the temporal characteristics of the current pulses, reducing energy consumption in the process of polishing and cleaning surfaces in comparison with their processing in direct current. Improving the processing efficiency at which the speed of removing irregularities of the processed surface increases significantly in relation to the total speed of alloy removal. For example, the use of bipolar pulses when polishing many metal alloys allows to abandon the expensive and harmful use of electrolytes containing chromium. The application of pulses in the process of electrolytic plasma polishing contributes to reducing energy consumption and improving the efficiency of the process, while increasing the intensity, quality of processing and environmental safety.
Utilizarea impulsurilor bipolare de curent pentru eliminarea acoperirilor rezistente la căldură de pe suprafaţa paletelor, permite accelerarea procesului de înlăturare a acoperirilor de 5...7 ori în comparaţie cu alte procedee, în acelaşi timp asigurând menţinerea dimensiunilor geometrice a paletelor originale. The use of bipolar current pulses to remove heat-resistant coatings from the surface of the blades allows the coating removal process to be accelerated 5...7 times compared to other processes, while ensuring the maintenance of the original geometric dimensions of the blades.
Esenţa procedeului propus este ilustrată în bloc-schema sursei de impulsuri bipolare (vezi figura). The essence of the proposed procedure is illustrated in the block diagram of the bipolar pulse source (see figure).
Sursa de alimentare a impulsurilor bipolare include convertizoarele 1 şi 2 de înaltă frecvenţă cu caracteristici de 10...600 V şi 2000 A, legate cu tranzistorul comutator 3, conectat la cada electrolitică 4, produsul (paletă) 5 la care este aplicat potenţialul electric pozitiv, iar la cada cu electrolit 4 este aplicat potenţialul electric negativ. The bipolar pulse power supply includes high-frequency converters 1 and 2 with characteristics of 10...600 V and 2000 A, connected to the switching transistor 3, connected to the electrolytic bath 4, the product (pallet) 5 to which the positive electric potential is applied, and to the electrolyte bath 4 the negative electric potential is applied.
Procedeul propus poate fi utilizat pentru a elimina stratul metalic rezistent la căldură, de tip ВСДП-9, ВСДП-11, ВСДП-16, ВСДП-18, СДП-1, СДП-2, şi combinaţii ale acestora de pe suprafaţa din aliaje dure. The proposed process can be used to remove the heat-resistant metal layer of type VSDP-9, VSDP-11, VSDP-16, VSDP-18, SDP-1, SDP-2, and combinations thereof from the surface of hard alloys.
Exemple de aplicare a invenţiei propuse. Examples of application of the proposed invention.
Pentru a confirma aplicabilitatea procedeului propus de înlăturare a acoperirilor de pe o suprafaţă din aliaje dure, au fost folosite paletele de compresor, şi anume: To confirm the applicability of the proposed process for removing coatings from a hard alloy surface, compressor blades were used, namely:
- paletele (treptele 4, 5, 8) din materialul ЭП 866 cu acoperire СДП-1 + ВСДП-20, grosimea stratului de 6...10 µm; - blades (stages 4, 5, 8) made of EP 866 material with СДП-1 + ВСДП-20 coating, layer thickness 6...10 µm;
- paletele (treapta 9) din materialul ЭП 718 acoperite cu СДП-1 + ВСДП-20, grosimea stratului de 6...10 µm; - blades (stage 9) made of EP 718 material coated with СДП-1 + ВСДП-20, layer thickness 6...10 µm;
- paletele motorului turbopropulsor: - turboprop engine blades:
- palete cu orificii din materialul ЖС32 cu acoperire ВСДП-9 + ВСДП-18, grosimea stratului de 40...80 µm; - perforated blades made of ZhS32 material with VSDP-9 + VSDP-18 coating, layer thickness 40...80 µm;
- palete din materialul ЖС32 acoperite cu СДП-2 + ВСДП-16 grosimea stratului de СДП-2 pe spate şi pe jgheab constituie 40...80 µm, grosimea stratului de СДП-2 + ВСДП-16 de la muchia de intrare de 75...100 µm. Durata procesului de înlăturare a acoperirilor de pe palete prin regim electrolitic cu plasma constituie circa 1...2 minute. - blades made of ZhS32 material coated with СДП-2 + ВСДП-16, the thickness of the СДП-2 layer on the back and on the trough is 40...80 µm, the thickness of the СДП-2 + ВСДП-16 layer on the leading edge is 75...100 µm. The duration of the process of removing coatings from the blades by electrolytic plasma treatment is about 1...2 minutes.
Piesa ce trebuie sa fie prelucrată este submersată într-o cadă cu soluţie electrolitică, apoi la piesa dată se aplică potenţial electric pozitiv, iar la cada cu electrolit - potenţialul electric negativ, rezultând la apariţia descărcărilor între piesa prelucrată şi electrolit. Procesul de lustruire electrolitică cu plasmă se efectuează atunci când potenţialul electric ajunge la valoare de la 150 V până la 600 V, iar în calitate de electrolit se utilizează o soluţie apoasă de amestec hidroxilamină clorhidrică în concentraţie de la 5 g/l până la 100 g/l şi fluorură de sodiu - de la 5 până la 50 g/l. The part to be processed is immersed in a bath with an electrolyte solution, then a positive electric potential is applied to the given part, and a negative electric potential to the bath with electrolyte, resulting in the appearance of discharges between the processed part and the electrolyte. The plasma electrolytic polishing process is carried out when the electric potential reaches a value from 150 V to 600 V, and an aqueous solution of a mixture of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in a concentration of 5 g/l to 100 g/l and sodium fluoride - from 5 to 50 g/l is used as the electrolyte.
În urma experimentului s-a constatat: As a result of the experiment, it was found that:
- procesul de înlăturare a acoperirilor de pe paletă nu depinde de compoziţia chimica a acestuia; - the process of removing coatings from the pallet does not depend on its chemical composition;
- viteza sporită de gravare a acoperirii (>l,5×10-8m/s); - increased coating etching speed (>1.5×10-8m/s);
- reducerea complexităţii procesului; - reducing the complexity of the process;
- diminuarea toxicităţii soluţiilor utilizate pentru gravare. - reducing the toxicity of solutions used for etching.
Rezultatele obţinute a procedeului de eliminare a acoperirilor rezistente la căldură de pe suprafaţa diferitor palete sunt prezentate în tabel. The results obtained from the process of removing heat-resistant coatings from the surface of different pallets are presented in the table.
Materialul paletei Materialul acoperirii Grosimea stratului de acoperire, µm Electrolit pentru lustruirea electrolitică cu plasma (LEP) Regimul LEP Durata LEP, min Notă ЖС32 (33,8mm) СДП-2 + ВСДП-16 40...100 [NH3OH]Cl 5...100 g/l, NaF 5...50 g/l UP(+) U=150...600 V Ona=10...50 µs Offa=10...50 µs 1,5 δm=0,77 g ЖС32 (cu orificii) ВСДП-9 ВСДП-18 40...80 Acelaşi Bipolar(+) U=150...600 V Ona=10...50 µs Onk=40...200 µs 2 δm=0,62 g ЭП718 (9 treaptă 25,4 mm) СДП-1 + ВСДП-20 6...10 Acelaşi Bipolar(+) U=150...600 V Ona=10...50 µs Onk=40...200 µs 2 δm=0,34 g ЭП866 (4, 5, 8 treaptă 54,4 mm) СДП-1 + ВСДП-20 6...10 Acelaşi Bipolar(+) U=150...600 V Ona=10...50 µs Onk=40...200 µs 1 Eliminarea uniformă a acoperirii cu păstrarea completă a dimensiunilor geometrice a paletei δm=0,06gBlade material Coating material Coating thickness, µm Electrolyte for plasma electrolytic polishing (PEP) PEP regime PEP duration, min Note ЖС32 (33.8mm) СДП-2 + ВСДП-16 40...100 [NH3OH]Cl 5...100 g/l, NaF 5...50 g/l UP(+) U=150...600 V Ona=10...50 µs Offa=10...50 µs 1.5 δm=0.77 g ЖС32 (with holes) ВСДП-9 ВСДП-18 40...80 Same Bipolar(+) U=150...600 V Ona=10...50 µs Onk=40...200 µs 2 δm=0.62 g ЭП718 (9 steps 25.4 mm) СДП-1 + ВСДП-20 6...10 Same Bipolar(+) U=150...600 V Ona=10...50 µs Onk=40...200 µs 2 δm=0.34 g ЭП866 (4, 5, 8 steps 54.4 mm) СДП-1 + ВСДП-20 6...10 Same Bipolar(+) U=150...600 V Ona=10...50 µs Onk=40...200 µs 1 Uniform removal of the coating with full preservation of the geometric dimensions of the blade δm=0.06g
Rezultatul tehnic constă în creşterea vitezei de eliminare în comparaţie cu soluţiile tehnice anterioare păstrând geometria paletei. The technical result consists in increasing the removal speed compared to previous technical solutions while maintaining the geometry of the pallet.
1. RU 2228396 C1 2004.05.10 1. RU 2228396 C1 2004.05.10
2. RU 2590457 C1 2016.07.10 2. RU 2590457 C1 2016.07.10
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDS20190061A MD1448Z (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | Process for removing heat-resistant coatings from a surface of hard alloys |
| RU2019130785A RU2764042C2 (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-09-27 | Method for stripping heat-resistant coatings from metal substrate of solid alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDS20190061A MD1448Z (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | Process for removing heat-resistant coatings from a surface of hard alloys |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| MD1448Y MD1448Y (en) | 2020-07-31 |
| MD1448Z true MD1448Z (en) | 2021-02-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDS20190061A MD1448Z (en) | 2019-06-25 | 2019-06-25 | Process for removing heat-resistant coatings from a surface of hard alloys |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| MD (1) | MD1448Z (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2764042C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113755938B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-08-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for removing metal surface coating by using ultrasonic-assisted electrolytic plasma |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2094546C1 (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 1997-10-27 | Уфимский государственный авиационный технический университет | Process of removal of coat from metal backing |
| DE10259365A1 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-30 | Siemens Ag | Device and method for removing surface areas of a component |
| MD3481G2 (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2008-10-31 | Институт Прикладной Физики Академии Наук Молдовы | Process for metal electrochemical working |
| RU2590457C1 (en) * | 2015-04-06 | 2016-07-10 | Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов" (ФГУП "ВИАМ") | Method for removing coating from metal base |
-
2019
- 2019-06-25 MD MDS20190061A patent/MD1448Z/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2019-09-27 RU RU2019130785A patent/RU2764042C2/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RU2019130785A (en) | 2021-03-29 |
| MD1448Y (en) | 2020-07-31 |
| RU2764042C2 (en) | 2022-01-13 |
| RU2019130785A3 (en) | 2021-03-29 |
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