MA37048B1 - New eco-process for extracting avocado and sea buckthorn oil based on drying and vacuum distillation treatment followed by water soluble solvent extraction - Google Patents

Abstract

The extraction of vegetable oils contained in fruits such as avocado and sea buckthorn is relatively complicated because of the very strong interaction between the cellulosic structure and the oil molecules. The objective of the present invention is to propose a new eco-design of a method for extracting in an ecological and 100% natural way the oilscontained in fruits. The eco-process developed in the present work is based on drying and treatment of biomass substudy by means of vacuum distillation followed by extraction with a water-soluble solvent. This approach has been validated for the extraction of avocado and sea buckthorn oils and is valid for all fruits and vegetables containing vegetable oils. After subtraction of peelings and kernels in the case of avocado and seeds in the case of fruits of the sea buckthorn, the mesocarps (pulps) are placed in a column subjected to heating via a bain marie and a depression of the order of 12 mmhg. The biomass water evaporates at a temperature below 60 ° C (between 40 ° C and 60 ° C), thus respecting the thermo-sensitivity of the oils under study. This pretreatment not only eliminates a quantity of water of the order of 40% but makes it possible to weaken the cellulosic cells containing the oils, which consequently facilitates their release in the presence of the water-soluble ecological solvent which is ethanol alcohol, unlike the direct extraction by the other solvents. They are immiscible with water and form phase dissociations which makes the extraction of avocado oil or sea buckthorn very difficult and with relatively low yields and a lower quality. By way of example, starting from 45.9 g of the crude avocado pulp dried by distillation under vacuum at 12 mmHg and at 45 ° C. gives 12 g of distillate water, which eliminates 40% of structural water. Under these operating conditions the paste obtained keeps the light green color and no oxidation or blackening is observed as in the case of drying in an oven or in the open air. In addition, the ethanol used for the extraction of labiomass treated during vacuum distillation allows on the one hand a very interesting yield in terms of oil extracted and on the other hand the efficient ethanol-oil separation. , 37g of avocado oil thus giving a yield of the order of 27%. In the sea buckthorn fruits and after application of the same eco-process developed in this project is recovered from 150g of fruit 17.1g d clear, clear yellow oil is 11.4% yield. These results give a better extraction of the oils with a significantly significant quality in favorable temperatures and pressure. The oils thus obtained (avocado, sea buckthorn, ...) will be purified to be used in the manufacture of certain drugs and in the cosmetics industry: manufacture of an avocado / sea buckthorn soap rich in protein while catching glycerin or avocado / sea buckthorn butter after hydrogenation.