LV15579B - Ballistic resistant wood frame external envelope panel with fresh air supply duct - Google Patents
Ballistic resistant wood frame external envelope panel with fresh air supply duct Download PDFInfo
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- LV15579B LV15579B LVP-19-81A LV190081A LV15579B LV 15579 B LV15579 B LV 15579B LV 190081 A LV190081 A LV 190081A LV 15579 B LV15579 B LV 15579B
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- wooden frame
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- air duct
- ballistic
- thermal insulation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
- E04C2/386—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels with a frame of unreconstituted or laminated wood
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
- E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
- E04C2/523—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling for ventilating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Izgudrojums attiecas uz detektēšanas sensoru nozari, konkrētāk uz gāzveida alkohola detektēšanas aprīkojumu. Piedāvātais izgudrojums ir fotoaktīva ierīce, kas sastāv no oksīdu nanodaļiņu un virsmas fotoaktīvo vielu slāņa uz vadošiem elektrodiem un integrēta gaismas avota. Fotoaktīvais oksīda nanodaļiņu un virsmaktīvo vielu slānis sensora ierīcē, reaģējot uz gāzveida vidi, maina elektrisko pretestību. Ierīce, kas aprakstīta šajā kopsavilkumā, ir paredzēta alkohola detektēšanai istabas temperatūrā.The invention relates to the field of detection sensors, more specifically to gaseous alcohol detection equipment. The proposed invention is a photoactive device consisting of a layer of oxide nanoparticles and surface photoactive substances on conductive electrodes and an integrated light source. The photoactive layer of oxide nanoparticles and surfactants in the sensor device changes the electrical resistance in response to the gaseous environment. The device described in this summary is intended for the detection of alcohol at room temperature.
Description
IZGUDROJUMA APRAKSTSDESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Tehnikas nozareTechnical sector
[001] Izgudrojums attiecas uz būvniecības nozari un militāro nozari, un ir paredzēts ballistiski izturīgu, energoefektīvu ēku būvniecībai un mikroklimata nodrošināšanai.[001] The invention relates to the construction industry and the military industry, and is intended for the construction of ballistic-resistant, energy-efficient buildings and the provision of a microclimate.
Zināmais tehnikas līmeņa analīzePrior art analysis
[002] Ir zināms rūpnieciski ražots ārsienu koka konstrukciju panelis [1], kas sastāv no ģipškartona plāksnes, siltumizolācijas, koka līstēm (latām), tvaika izolācijas, koka karkasa, mitrumizturīga slāņa, difūzijas slāņa un apdares materiāla. Šāds panelis ir izmantojams dažādu ēku būvniecībā, bet nenodrošina ballistisko izturību un iekštelpu mikroklimatu bez papildu ventilācijas sistēmas.[002] There is a known industrially produced exterior wall wooden construction panel [1], which consists of gypsum board, thermal insulation, wooden slats (slats), vapor insulation, wooden frame, moisture-resistant layer, diffusion layer and finishing material. Such a panel can be used in the construction of various buildings, but does not provide ballistic resistance and indoor microclimate without an additional ventilation system.
[003] Ir zināms ārsienu koka konstrukciju panelis [2], kuram rūpnieciski ir izgatavots tikai koka karkass ar OSB (orientētu skaidu plātnes) slāni, bet apdares materiāli, koka līstes (latas), pretvēja plāksnes, siltumizolācija, tvaika izolācija un siltumizolācija ir uzstādīta objektā. Šāds panelis ir izmantojams dažādu ēku būvniecībā, bet nenodrošina ballistisko izturību un iekštelpu mikroklimatu bez papildus ventilācijas sistēmas, kā arī prasa laikietilpīgu uzstādīšanu objektā.[003] There is a known exterior wooden construction panel [2], for which only a wooden frame with an OSB (oriented strand board) layer is industrially manufactured, but finishing materials, wooden slats (slats), windproof plates, thermal insulation, vapor insulation and thermal insulation are installed in the facility. Such a panel can be used in the construction of various buildings, but does not provide ballistic resistance and indoor microclimate without an additional ventilation system, and also requires time-consuming installation in the object.
[004] Ir zināms saliekamā dzelzsbetona panelis [3], kuram rūpnieciski ir izgatavots dzelzsbetona karkass, uzstādīta siltumizolācija un ārējās apdares slānis. Šāds panelis ir izmantojams dažādu ēku būvniecībā, nodrošina ballistisko izturību, bet nenodrošina iekštelpu mikroklimatu bez papildu ventilācijas sistēmas, kā arī prasa laikietilpīgu uzstādīšanu objektā.[004] Precast reinforced concrete panel [3] is known, for which a reinforced concrete frame is industrially produced, thermal insulation and an external finishing layer are installed. Such a panel can be used in the construction of various buildings, provides ballistic resistance, but does not provide an indoor microclimate without an additional ventilation system, and also requires time-consuming installation at the facility.
[005] Augstākminētajiem zināmiem tehniskiem risinājumiem ir šādi trūkumi:[005] The aforementioned known technical solutions have the following disadvantages:
1) tie nenodrošina mikroklimatu telpās [1-3];1) they do not provide a microclimate indoors [1-3];
2) to izbūve notiek objektā uz vietas [2];2) their construction takes place in the facility on site [2];
3) tie nenodrošina ballistisko aizsardzību [1; 2];3) they do not provide ballistic protection [1; 2];
4) tie nenodrošina vietēju videi draudzīgu materiālu - kokmateriālu izmantošanu [3], [006] Par prototipu izvēlēts koka karkasa panelis [1], kura principiālā shēma parādīta 1. zīmējumā. Prototipa panelis ir rūpnieciski ražots, sākotnēji izbūvējot vertikālo koka karkasu (1) un horizontālo koka karkasu (2), un uzstādot tvaika izolāciju (3) un iekštelpu apdares materiālu (4), tad ievietojot pamata siltumizolāciju (5), un, noslēdzot ar mitrumizturīgu slāni (6) un ārsienu apdares materiālu (6a).4) they do not ensure the use of local environmentally friendly materials - timber [3], [006] A wooden frame panel [1], the principle scheme of which is shown in drawing 1, was chosen as a prototype. The prototype panel is manufactured by first building the vertical wooden frame (1) and the horizontal wooden frame (2), and installing the vapor barrier (3) and interior finishing material (4), then inserting the basic thermal insulation (5), and finishing with a moisture-proof layer (6) and exterior wall finishing material (6a).
[007] Prototipa kopīgās pazīmes ar izgudrojumu ir šādas:[007] The common features of the prototype with the invention are as follows:
1) ir izmantoti šādi būvizstrādājumi: vertikālais koka karkass (1) un horizontālais koka karkass (2), tvaika izolācija (3), iekštelpu apdares materiāls (4) un pamata siltumizolācija (5), mitrumizturīgs slānis (6);1) the following building products have been used: vertical wooden frame (1) and horizontal wooden frame (2), vapor insulation (3), interior finishing material (4) and basic thermal insulation (5), moisture-resistant layer (6);
2) gan prototips, gan izgudrojums ir rūpnieciski izgatavojami, tādējādi, samazinot būvniecības laiku objektā, proti, pati paneļa konstrukcija tiek ražota rūpnieciski, objektā to tikai uzstādot.2) both the prototype and the invention can be manufactured industrially, thus reducing the construction time at the facility, that is, the panel structure itself is manufactured industrially, only by installing it at the facility.
[008] Prototipa panelim ir šādi trūkumi:[008] The prototype panel has the following disadvantages:
1) tas nenodrošina ballistisko aizsardzību;1) it does not provide ballistic protection;
2) tas nenodrošina mikroklimatu telpās.2) it does not provide a microclimate in the premises.
Izgudrojuma mērķis un būtībaPurpose and essence of the invention
[009] Izgudrojuma mērķis ir nodrošināt rūpnieciski ražota koka konstrukcijas paneļa daudzfunkcionalitāti, nodrošinot mikroklimatu telpās, ballistisko aizsardzību un īsāku būvniecības laiku objektā. Mērķis ir sasniegts, rūpnieciski ražotam koka konstrukciju panelim uzstādot ballistiskās aizsardzības paneli, kā arī izbūvējot svaiga gaisa pieplūdes vadu ar papildus ballistiskās aizsardzības paneli.[009] The purpose of the invention is to ensure the multi-functionality of an industrially produced wooden structural panel, providing microclimate in the premises, ballistic protection and shorter construction time in the facility. The goal has been achieved by installing a ballistic protection panel on an industrially produced wooden structure panel, as well as by constructing a fresh air supply line with an additional ballistic protection panel.
[010] Ballistiski izturīgam koka karkasa konstrukcijas ārsienu panelim (turpmāk tekstā izgudrojuma panelis) ar iebūvēta pieplūdes-nosūces gaisa vada (2. zīm., 3. zīm., 4. zīm.) konstruktīvo stabilitāti un nestspēju nodrošina vertikālais koka karkass (1) un horizontālais koka karkass (2); siltumizolāciju un energoefektivitāti - pamata siltumizolācija (5) un papildu siltumizolācija (11); iekštelpu mikroklimatu - gaisa vads (9); ballistisko aizsardzību - ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) un gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10), kur ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) ir izmantots kā ārējais apdares materiāls, savukārt gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10) ir izvietots vājinājuma vietā, pretim gaisa vada (9) izvadam (8), stiprinot pie vertikālā koka karkasa (1); kondensācijas risku novērš tvaika izolācija (3); iekštelpu apdari - iekštelpu apdares materiāls (4); aizsardzību pret mitrumu mitrumizturīgs slānis (6). Izgudrojuma panelis ir rūpnieciski izgatavojams, tādējādi būvniecības laiku objektā uz vietas ir iespējams samazināt par paneļu izgatavošanas laiku, salīdzinot ar objektā uz vietas izgatavotu prototipa ārsienas konstrukciju.[010] The vertical wooden frame (1) ensures the structural stability and load-bearing capacity of the ballistic-resistant wooden frame construction external wall panel (hereinafter the panel of the invention) with a built-in supply-exhaust air duct (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4) and the horizontal wooden frame (2); thermal insulation and energy efficiency - basic thermal insulation (5) and additional thermal insulation (11); indoor microclimate - air duct (9); ballistic protection - the outer ballistic panel (7) and the air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10), where the outer ballistic panel (7) is used as the outer finishing material, while the air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10) is placed in the place of weakening, opposite the outlet (8) of the air duct (9), fixing to the vertical wooden frame (1); the risk of condensation is prevented by vapor insulation (3); interior decoration - interior decoration material (4); protection against moisture moisture-resistant layer (6). The panel of the invention can be manufactured industrially, thus it is possible to reduce the construction time at the site by the time of panel production, compared to a prototype outer wall structure made on site.
[011] Izgudrojums nodrošina šādu tehnisko efektu:[011] The invention provides the following technical effect:
1) nodrošina energoefektivitāti, pamata siltumizolācijas (5) un papildu siltumizolācijas (11) slāņa biezumu pielāgojot attiecīgajai klimata zonai;1) ensures energy efficiency by adjusting the thickness of the basic thermal insulation (5) and additional thermal insulation (11) layer to the relevant climate zone;
2) nodrošina mikroklimatu telpās, ar gaisa vadu (9);2) provides a microclimate in the premises, with an air duct (9);
3) nodrošina īsāku būvniecības laiku objektā, ņemot vērā, ka izgudrojuma panelis ir rūpnieciski ražots, objektā nepieciešama tikai montēšana;3) ensures a shorter construction time at the site, taking into account that the panel of the invention is industrially produced, only assembly is required at the site;
4) nodrošina ballistisko aizsardzību, izmantojot ārējos ballistiskos paneļus (7) un gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošus ballistiskos paneļus (10), kur ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) ir izmantots kā ārējās apdares materiāls, savukārt gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10) ir izvietots vājinājuma vietā, pretīm gaisa vada (9) izvadam (8), stiprinot pie vertikālā koka karkasa (1).4) provides ballistic protection using outer ballistic panels (7) and air duct (9) protective ballistic panels (10), where the outer ballistic panel (7) is used as an outer finishing material, while the air duct (9) protective ballistic panel ( 10) is placed in the place of weakening, opposite the outlet (8) of the air duct (9), fixed to the vertical wooden frame (1).
[012] Izgudrojums ir skaidrots ar šādiem zīmējumiem:[012] The invention is explained with the following drawings:
1. zīm. Prototipa paneļa principiālā shēma: vertikālais koka karkass (1) un horizontālais koka karkass (2), tvaika izolācija (3), iekštelpu apdares materiāls (4), pamata siltumizolācija (5), mitrumizturīgs slānis (6) un ārsienu apdares materiāls (6a).Fig. 1 The principle diagram of the prototype panel: vertical wooden frame (1) and horizontal wooden frame (2), vapor insulation (3), interior finishing material (4), basic thermal insulation (5), moisture-proof layer (6) and exterior wall finishing material (6a) .
[013] 2. zīm. Izgudrojuma paneļa principiālā shēma: vertikālais koka karkass (1) un horizontālais koka karkass (2), tvaika izolācija (3), iekštelpu apdares materiāls (4), pamata siltumizolācija (5), mitrumizturīgs slānis (6), gaisa vads (9), ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) un gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10), kur ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) ir izmantots kā ārējās apdares materiāls, savukārt gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10) ir izvietots vājinājuma vietā, pretim gaisa vada (9) izvadam (8), stiprinot pie vertikālā koka karkasa (1).[013] Fig. 2 The principle diagram of the inventive panel: vertical wooden frame (1) and horizontal wooden frame (2), vapor insulation (3), indoor finishing material (4), basic thermal insulation (5), moisture-proof layer (6), air duct (9), the outer ballistic panel (7) and the air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10), where the outer ballistic panel (7) is used as an outer finishing material, while the air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10) is located at the point of weakening, against the outlet (8) of the air duct (9), fixing to the vertical wooden frame (1).
[014] 3. zīm. Izgudrojuma paneļa principiālā shēma: vertikālais koka karkass (1) un horizontālais koka karkass 2), tvaika izolācija (3), iekštelpu apdares materiāls (4), pamata siltumizolācija (5) un papildu siltumizolācija (11), mitrumizturīgs slānis (6), gaisa vads (9), ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) un gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10), kur ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) ir izmantots kā ārējās apdares materiāls, savukārt gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10) ir izvietots vājinājuma vietā, pretim gaisa vada (9) izvadam (8), stiprinot pie vertikālā koka karkasa (1), un blīvējuma noslēgvārsts (12).[014] Fig. 3 The principle diagram of the panel of the invention: vertical wooden frame (1) and horizontal wooden frame 2), vapor insulation (3), interior finishing material (4), basic thermal insulation (5) and additional thermal insulation (11), moisture-resistant layer (6), air wire (9), outer ballistic panel (7) and air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10), where the outer ballistic panel (7) is used as an outer finishing material, while the air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10) is placed in the place of weakening, opposite the outlet (8) of the air line (9), fixed to the vertical wooden frame (1), and the sealing shut-off valve (12).
[015] 4. zīm. Izgudrojuma paneļa telpiskais attēls: vertikālais koka karkass (1) un horizontālais koka karkass (2), tvaika izolācija (3), iekštelpu apdares materiāls (4), pamata siltumizolācija (5), mitrumizturīgs slānis (6), gaisa vads (9), ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) un gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10), kur ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) ir izmantots kā ārējās apdares materiāls, savukārt gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10) ir izvietots vājinājuma vietā, pretim gaisa vada izvadam (8), stiprinot pie vertikāla koka karkasa (1).[015] Fig. 4 Spatial picture of the invention panel: vertical wooden frame (1) and horizontal wooden frame (2), vapor insulation (3), interior finishing material (4), basic thermal insulation (5), moisture-proof layer (6), air duct (9), the outer ballistic panel (7) and the air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10), where the outer ballistic panel (7) is used as an outer finishing material, while the air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10) is located at the point of weakening, opposite the air duct outlet (8), fixing to a vertical wooden frame (1).
Izgudrojuma realizācijas piemeriExamples of implementation of the invention
[016] 1.piemērs. Rūpnieciski ražots panelis ar vertikālo koka karkasu (1) (150x150 mm vai palielinot izmēru pēc konstruktīvā aprēķina [4-8] atbilstoši slodzei)) un horizontālajam koka karkasam (2) (45x45 mm vai palielinot izmēru pēc konstruktīvā aprēķina [4-8] atbilstoši slodzei), tvaika izolāciju (3), iekštelpu apdares materiālu (4) - izmantojot akustisko apdari, piemēram, fibrolīts, (apdares materiāla veids izvēlēts atbilstoši akustiskajam aprēķinam [911]), pamata siltumizolāciju (5) - izmantojot akmens vati (siltumizolācija biezumu izvēloties atbilstoši sasniedzamajiem energoefektivitātes rādītājiem un aprēķinam [12; 13]), mitrumizturīgu slāni (6), ārējo ballistisko paneli (7) un gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošu ballistisko paneli (10), kur ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) ir izmantots kā ārējās apdares materiāls, savukārt gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10) ir izvietots vājinājuma vietā, pretim gaisa vada izvada (8), stiprinot pie vertikālā koka karkasa (1) - izmantojot aramīda materiālu (biezums ne mazāks kā 22 mm), ar gaisa vadu (9) (dimensijas izvēloties atbilstoši nepieciešamās gaisa apmaiņas aprēķinam [14]), izmantojams izglītības iestāžu būvniecībai nodrošinot iekštelpu vides kvalitāti gan mikroklimatu, nodrošinot gaisa apmaiņu caur kanālu un energoefektivitāti ar norobežojošo konstrukciju, gan akustisko komfortu ar akustisko apdares materiālu, gan ballistisko aizsardzību, ko nodrošina aramīda materiāla tehniskie ballistiskās noturības parametri. Gaisa vads (9) ievietots vertikālajā koka karkasā (1) un ar stiprinājumiem un skrūvēm stiprināts pie horizontālā koka karkasa (2). Vertikālajam koka karkasam (1) no vienas puses tiek veidots mitrumizturīgs slānis (6) un stiprināts ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7), no otras puses vertikālajā koka karkasā (1) tiek ievietota pamata siltumizolācija (5), tad tiek naglota tvaika izolācija (3), tad tiek naglotas horizontālais koka karkass (2), tad tiek stiprināts gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10) vājinājuma vietā, pretim gaisa vada izvadam (8), stiprinot pie horizontālā koka karkasa (1), tad tiek naglots iekštelpu apdares materiāls (4).[016] Example 1. Industrially produced panel with vertical wooden frame (1) (150x150 mm or increasing the size according to the constructive calculation [4-8] according to the load)) and horizontal wooden frame (2) (45x45 mm or increasing the size according to the constructive calculation [4-8] according to load), vapor insulation (3), indoor finishing material (4) - using acoustic finishing, for example fibrolite, (the type of finishing material is chosen according to the acoustic calculation [911]), basic thermal insulation (5) - using stone wool (thermal insulation by choosing the thickness according to the achievable energy efficiency indicators and calculation [12; 13]), a moisture resistant layer (6), an outer ballistic panel (7) and an air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10), where the outer ballistic panel (7) has been used as an external finish material, while the ballistic panel (10) protecting the air duct (9) is placed in the place of weakening, opposite the outlet of the air duct (8), attached to the vertical wooden frame (1) - using aramid material (thickness not less than 22 mm), with air wire (9) (dimensions are chosen according to the calculation of the necessary air exchange [14]), can be used for the construction of educational institutions, ensuring the quality of the indoor environment, both microclimate, ensuring air exchange through the channel and energy efficiency with the enclosing structure, and acoustic comfort with acoustic finishing material, and ballistic protection , provided by the technical ballistic resistance parameters of the aramid material. The air duct (9) is inserted into the vertical wooden frame (1) and fastened to the horizontal wooden frame (2) with fasteners and screws. A moisture-proof layer (6) is formed on one side of the vertical wooden frame (1) and the outer ballistic panel (7) is strengthened, on the other side the basic thermal insulation (5) is inserted into the vertical wooden frame (1), then the vapor insulation (3) is nailed , then the horizontal wooden frame (2) is nailed, then the air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10) is strengthened at the point of weakness, opposite the air duct outlet (8), fixing to the horizontal wooden frame (1), then the interior decoration is nailed material (4).
[017] 2.piemērs. Rūpnieciski ražots panelis saskaņā ar 1. piemēru, kas raksturīgs ar to, ka kā iekštelpu apdares materiālu (4) - izmanto ģipškartona apdari (20-30 mm), kā pamata siltumizolāciju (5) - izmanto beramo vati zem spiediena (siltumizolācija biezumu izvēloties atbilstoši sasniedzamajiem energoefektivitātes rādītājiem un aprēķinam [12; 13]), un izmantojams īslaicīgām militāro mācību būvēm kā alternatīva teltīm, kur nepieciešams īss uzstādīšanas laiks. Rūpnieciski ražotais panelis nodrošina mikroklimatu, nodrošinot gaisa apmaiņu caur kanālu, energoefektivitāti ar norobežojošo konstrukciju, un ballistisko aizsardzību, ko nodrošina aramīda materiāla tehniskie ballistiskās noturības parametri. Vertikālais koka karkass (1) tiek naglots, tajā ievietots un ar stiprinājumiem un skrūvēm pie horizontālā koka karkasa (2) stiprināts gaisa vads (9). Vertikālajam koka karkasam (1) no vienas puses tiek veidots mitrumizturīgs slānis (6), tad tiek stiprināts ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7), un tiek stiprināts gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistisks panelis (10) vājinājuma vietā, pretim gaisa vada (9) izvadam, stiprinot pie vertikāla koka karkasa (1), tad tiek naglota tvaika izolācija (3), tad telpa starp vertikāliem koka karkasiem (1) tiek pildīta ar beramo pamata siltumizolācijas (5) slāņi zem spiediena, tad no otras puses horizontālajam koka karkasam (2) tiek naglots iekštelpu apdares materiāls (4).[017] Example 2. Industrially produced panel according to example 1, which is characterized by the fact that as interior finishing material (4) - plasterboard finish (20-30 mm) is used, as basic thermal insulation (5) - foamed cotton wool is used under pressure (thermal insulation by choosing the thickness according to for achievable energy efficiency indicators and calculation [12; 13]), and can be used for temporary military training buildings as an alternative to tents, where a short installation time is required. The industrially produced panel provides a microclimate by providing air exchange through the channel, energy efficiency with the containment structure, and ballistic protection provided by the technical ballistic resistance parameters of the aramid material. The vertical wooden frame (1) is nailed, the air duct (9) is inserted into it and fastened to the horizontal wooden frame (2) with fasteners and screws. A moisture-proof layer (6) is formed on one side of the vertical wooden frame (1), then the outer ballistic panel (7) is strengthened, and the ballistic panel (10) protecting the air duct (9) is strengthened at the point of weakness, opposite the air duct (9). for the outlet, by attaching to a vertical wooden frame (1), then vapor insulation (3) is nailed, then the space between vertical wooden frames (1) is filled with loose layers of basic thermal insulation (5) under pressure, then on the other hand to the horizontal wooden frame ( 2) the interior finishing material (4) is nailed.
[018] 3.piemērs. Rūpnieciski ražots panelis saskaņā ar 1. piemēru, kas raksturīgs ar to, ka izmantojams īpašu energoefektivitātes rādītāju sasniegšanai ēkām ar prasībām ballistiskajai aizsardzībai, kas paredzētas aukstā klimata zonām, kur nav iespējams nodrošināt enerģijas pieejamību, vai tās izmatošana saistīta ar augstām izmaksām. Izmantojot pamata siltumizolācijas (5) un papildu siltumizolācijas (11) slāņus (siltumizolācija biezumu izvēloties atbilstoši sasniedzamajiem energoefektivitātes rādītājiem un aprēķinam [12; 13], kā aprēķina izejas datus izvēloties sasniedzamo enerģijas patēriņu apkurei <15 kWh/m2), tiek nodrošināts mikroklimats, nodrošinot gaisa apmaiņu caur kanālu, energoefektivitāti ar norobežojošo konstrukciju un pēc aprēķina palielināto siltumizolācijas slāņa biezumu, un ballistisko aizsardzību, ko nodrošina aramīda materiāla tehniskie ballistiskās noturības parametri. Vertikālais koka karkass (1) tiek naglots, tajā ievietots un ar stiprinājumiem un skrūvēm pie vertikālā koka karkasa (1) stiprināts gaisa vads (9). Vertikālajam koka karkasam (1) no vienas puses tiek veidots mitrumizturīgs slānis (6), tad stiprināts ārējais ballistiskais panelis (7) ārējai apdarei, tad no otras puses tiek stiprināts gaisa vada (9) aizsargājošs ballistiskais panelis (10) vājinājuma vietā, pretim gaisa vada izvadam (8), stiprinot pie vertikāla koka karkasa (1), tad vertikāla koka karkasā (1) tiek ievietota pamata siltumizolācija (5) un papildu siltumizolācija (11), tad tiek naglota tvaika izolācija (3), tad tiek naglots horizontālais koka karkass (2), izvietotas nepieciešamās komunikācijas un papildu siltumizolācija (11), tad no otras puses horizontālajam koka karkasam (2) tiek naglots iekštelpu apdares materiāls (4). Lai novērstu nekontrolētu gaisa pieplūdi telpā tiek paredzēts uzstādīt blīvējuma noslēgvārstu (12), kas pasargā no ārēja piesārņotā gaisa iekļūšanas telpās. Piemēram no asaru gāzes un/vai dūmgāzēm.[018] Example 3. An industrially produced panel according to example 1, characterized by the fact that it can be used to achieve special energy efficiency indicators for buildings with requirements for ballistic protection, intended for cold climate zones, where it is impossible to ensure the availability of energy or its use is associated with high costs. By using layers of basic thermal insulation (5) and additional thermal insulation (11) (the thickness of the thermal insulation is chosen according to the achievable energy efficiency indicators and calculation [12; 13], how to calculate the output data when choosing the achievable energy consumption for heating <15 kWh/m 2 ), a microclimate is ensured, providing air exchange through the channel, energy efficiency with the enclosing structure and the calculated increased thickness of the thermal insulation layer, and ballistic protection provided by the technical ballistic resistance parameters of the aramid material. The vertical wooden frame (1) is nailed, the air duct (9) is inserted into it and fixed to the vertical wooden frame (1) with fasteners and screws. On the vertical wooden frame (1), a moisture-resistant layer (6) is formed on one side, then an external ballistic panel (7) is reinforced for the exterior finish, then on the other side an air duct (9) protective ballistic panel (10) is strengthened at the point of weakening, opposite the air for the wire outlet (8), fixing to a vertical wooden frame (1), then the basic thermal insulation (5) and additional thermal insulation (11) are placed in the vertical wooden frame (1), then the vapor insulation (3) is nailed, then the horizontal wooden frame (2), the necessary communications and additional thermal insulation (11) are placed, then on the other side, the interior finishing material (4) is nailed to the horizontal wooden frame (2). In order to prevent uncontrolled air inflow into the room, it is planned to install a sealing shut-off valve (12), which protects against the entry of polluted air into the room. For example from tear gas and/or flue gases.
Izmantotie informācijas avotiUsed information sources
1. SIA “Northouse”. Koka karkasa mājas ražošanas process, [tiešsaiste], [skatīts 2019.g.1. SIA "Northouse". The production process of a wooden frame house, [online], [viewed in 2019
1. decembrī]. Pieejams: http://northouse.lv/koka-karkasa-majasrazosanas-process/December 1]. Available: http://norhouse.lv/koka-karkasa-majasrazosanas-process/
2. SIA “AIG-konstrukcijas”. Konstrukcija, [tiešsaiste]. [skatīts 2019.g. 1. decembrī]. Pieejams: http://www.aig-familvhouses.eu/lv/konstrukcija/konstrukcija2. SIA "AIG-constructions". Construction, [online]. [viewed in 2019 December 1]. Available: http://www.aig-familvhouses.eu/lv/konstruktion/konstruktion
3. SIA “TMB Elements”. Saliekamā dzelzsbetona sienas elementi, [tiešsaiste]. [skatīts 2019.g. 1. decembrī]. Pieejams: http://tmb.1v/img/files/5/sienas tmb.pdf3. SIA "TMB Elements". Precast reinforced concrete wall elements, [online]. [viewed in 2019 December 1]. Available: http://tmb.1v/img/files/5/sienas tmb.pdf
4. LVS ΕΝ 1991-l-3:2003/NA:2015 1. Eirokodekss. ledarbes uz konstrukcijām. 1-3. daļa: Vispārīgās iedarbes. Sniega radītās slodzes. Nacionālais pielikums.4. LVS ΕΝ 1991-l-3:2003/NA:2015 1. Eurocode. ice works on structures. 1-3. part: General effects. Loads caused by snow. National Annex.
5. LVS EN 1990:2003/NA:2015 Eirokodekss. Konstrukciju projektēšanas pamatprincipi. Nacionālais pielikums.5. LVS EN 1990:2003/NA:2015 Eurocode. Basic principles of structural design. National Annex.
6. LVS EN 1991-1-1:2003 /NA:2010 1. Eirokodekss. ledarbes uz konstrukcijām. 1-1. daļa: Vispārīgās iedarbes. Blīvums, pašsvars, ēku lietderīgās slodzes. Nacionālais pielikums.6. LVS EN 1991-1-1:2003 /NA:2010 1. Eurocode. ice works on structures. 1-1. part: General effects. Density, dead weight, useful loads of buildings. National Annex.
7. LVS EN 1991-l-4+Al+AC:2014 L 1. Eirokodekss. ledarbes uz konstrukcijām. 1-4. daļa: Vispārīgās iedarbes. Vēja iedarbes.7. LVS EN 1991-l-4+Al+AC:2014 L 1. Eurocode. ice works on structures. 1-4. part: General effects. Wind effects.
8. LVS EN 1991-1-4:2005 /NA:2011 1. Eirokodekss. ledarbes uz konstrukcijām. 1-4. daļa: Vispārīgās iedarbes. Vēja iedarbes. Nacionālais pielikums8. LVS EN 1991-1-4:2005 /NA:2011 1. Eurocode. ice works on structures. 1-4. part: General effects. Wind effects. National Annex
9. ISO 140-4:1998 Acoustics — Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 4: Field measurements of airbome sound insulation between rooms.9. ISO 140-4:1998 Acoustics - Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements - Part 4: Field measurements of air-borne sound insulation between rooms.
10. ISO 717-1:1996 Acoustics — Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 1: Airbome sound insulation.10. ISO 717-1:1996 Acoustics — Rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements — Part 1: Airbome sound insulation.
11. Ministru kabineta noteikumi Nr.312, Rīgā, 2015.gada 16. jūnijā (prot. Nr.29 5.§), Noteikumi par Latvijas būvnormatīvu LBN 016-15 Būvakustika.11. Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 312, Riga, June 16, 2015 (prot. No. 29 § 5), Regulations on the Latvian building code LBN 016-15 Building acoustics.
12. Ministru kabineta noteikumi Nr.383, Rīgā, 2013.gada 9. jūlijā (prot. Nr.39 39,§), Noteikumi par ēku energosertifikāciju.12. Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 383, Riga, July 9, 2013 (prot. No. 39 § 39), Regulations on energy certification of buildings.
13. Ministru kabineta noteikumi Nr.348, Rīgā, 2013.gada 25. jūnijā (prot. Nr.36 27.§), Ēkas energoefektivitātes aprēķina metode.13. Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 348, Riga, June 25, 2013 (prot. No. 36 § 27), Method of calculating the energy efficiency of a building.
14. Ministru kabineta noteikumi Nr.310, Rīgā, 2015.gada 16. jūnijā (prot. Nr.29 6.§), Noteikumi par Latvijas būvnormatīvu LBN 231-15 Dzīvojamo un publisko ēku apkure un ventilācija.14. Regulations of the Cabinet of Ministers No. 310, Riga, June 16, 2015 (prot. No. 29 § 6), Regulations on Latvian building code LBN 231-15 Heating and ventilation of residential and public buildings.
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