LV15275B - Device for control of earthing availability in electrical equipments - Google Patents
Device for control of earthing availability in electrical equipments Download PDFInfo
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- LV15275B LV15275B LVP-16-22A LV160022A LV15275B LV 15275 B LV15275 B LV 15275B LV 160022 A LV160022 A LV 160022A LV 15275 B LV15275 B LV 15275B
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Abstract
Piedāvātā ierīce nodrošina zemējuma vada esamības un fāzes vada pareizas pievienošanas kontroli. Ierīce, kuras variants ir parādīts fig.3, satur elektrisko ķēdi, kuras sastāvā ir virknē savienots rezistors 2 un diode 9. Viens ķēdes gals ir savienots ar tīkla nullvada N kontaktu. Izpildelements 10 satur divkrāsu gaismas indikatoru 1 un skaņas indikatoru 11. Ķēdes otrais gals saskaņoti ir savienots ar izpildelementa pirmo izvadu, kura otrais izvads caur rezistoru ir savienots ar fāzes vada L kontaktu 3. Vadāmais izpildelementa 10 izvads irsavienots ar MOSFET tranzistora 8 noteci, bet aizvars caur lielas pretestības rezistoru ir savienots ar nullvada zemēšanas kontaktu 4. Rezistora 7 liela pretestība nodrošina zemējuma vada ķēdē strāvu, ne lielāku par 0,5 mA. Ja ir pazudis zemējums, tad ieslēdzas skaņas signāls un sarkanais indikators 1. Piedāvāto ierīci varizmantotceltnieki, santehniķi un elektriķi, lai ātri pārbaudītu rozetes un/vai elektroinstrumenta stāvokli un nodrošinātu darbam nepieciešamo elektroierīču drošu ekspluatāciju.The offered device provides the existence and phases of the earth conductor are correct add control. The device whose version is shown 3, comprises an electrical circuit consisting of a series connected resistor 2 and diode 9. One end of the circuit is connected to the network zero lead N contacts. The actuator 10 comprises two colors light indicator 1 and sound indicator 11. Second of the chain the end is connected in a coordinated manner to the first output of the actuator, the second output of which is connected via a resistor to a phase conductor L contact 3. Controlled output of actuator 10 is connected with MOSFET transistor 8 leakage but shutter through large a resistance resistor is connected to the ground of the neutral conductor contact 4. The high resistance of resistor 7 provides grounding conducting a current of not more than 0.5 mA to the circuit. If lost ground, then the buzzer and red will turn on indicator 1. The proposed device can be used by builders, plumbers and electricians to quickly test sockets and / or power tool condition and secure operation safe operation of the required electrical equipment.
Description
Izgudrojuma apraksts [001] Izgudrojums attiecas uz sadzīves elektrotehniku un ir izmantojams 220 V un 50 Hz tīklos elektroierīču drošai ekspluatācijai. Piedāvātā ierīce ir izmantojama elektrisko iekārtu zemējuma vada esamības nepārtrauktai kontrolei.DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to household electrical engineering and is applicable to 220 V and 50 Hz networks for the safe operation of electrical equipment. The proposed device is used for continuous monitoring of the presence of an earthing conductor in electrical equipment.
Zināmā tehnikas līmeņa analīze [002] Ir zināmā ierīce [2] zemejuma vada esamības nepārtrauktai kontrolei. Tas funkcionāla shēma ir parādīta fig. 1. Tā konstruktīvi ir izpildīta kā ofisa vai sadzīves elektroierīces barošanas vads ar iebūvētu elektronisko shēmu, kas paziņo darbiniekiem par aparatūras zemējuma vada pazušanu. Tomēr šī ierīce ir sarežģīta tāpēc, ka tās sastāvs ir šāds: 1 - ieejas elements, 2 - analīzes shēma, 3 izpildelements. Analīzes shēmas sastāvs ir šāds: 4 - simetrisks elements, 7 - strāvas relejs, 10 - lielas pretestības rezistors. Liela pretestība rezistoram 10 ir vajadzīga, lai strāvas lielums zemējuma vadā būtu ne lielāks par 0,5 mA. Tas ir drošības lielums strāvai un ir ierakstīts standartā.Prior Art Analysis [002] There is a known device [2] for continuously controlling the presence of an earth conductor. This functional diagram is shown in fig. 1. It is constructively executed as a power cord for an office or household electrical appliance with a built-in electronic circuit that notifies employees of the loss of the hardware grounding wire. However, this device is complicated because of its composition: 1 - input element, 2 - analysis circuit, 3 actuator. The composition of the analysis circuit is as follows: 4 - symmetrical element, 7 - current relay, 10 - high resistance resistor. High resistance to resistor 10 is required so that the current in the ground wire is no greater than 0.5 mA. It is a safety measure for the current and is recorded in the standard.
[003] Ir zināma iekārta [4] elektroierīces zemējuma esamības nepārtrauktai kontrolei. Tai ir sarežģīta elektriskā shēma, kurā ietilpst mezgls aparāta atslēgšanas no tīkla un strāvas kontroles mezgls zemējuma ķēdē uz mikroprocesora bāzes.[003] A device [4] for continuously controlling the presence of an earthing device in an electrical device is known. It has a sophisticated electrical circuit, which includes a device disconnect and power control unit in a grounding circuit based on a microprocessor.
[004] Ir zināmā ierīce [ 1 ] zemejuma esamības kontrolei rozete, kura ir paradīta fig.2. Ierīce satur divas elektriskās ķēdes, katrā ķēdē ir virknē savienots ierobežojošais rezistors 2 un diode 9. Diožu vienāda nosaukuma izvadi ir savienoti kopā un ir savienoti ar normāli vaļēju pogas tipa kontaktu 8. Pogas otrais kontakts ir savienots ar zemēšanas kontaktu 4. Izpildelements 10 satur divkrāsu indikatoru 1, kura izvadi ir savienoti ar rezistora un diodes savienošanas punktu. Taču šī ierīce nevar nepārtraukti kontrolēt zemējuma esamību. Zemējuma esamības pārbaudīšana notiek tikai momentā, kad elektriskā spiedpoga ir nospiesta. Ierīces trūkums ir tāds, ka nav skaņas signalizācijas, kad zemējums ir pazudis.[004] There is known a device [1] for controlling the presence of a ground, which is shown in FIG. The device comprises two electrical circuits, each circuit having a series of terminating resistor 2 and diode 9. The diodes of the same name are connected together and connected to a normally open button-type contact 8. The second contact of the button is connected to a grounding contact 4. indicator 1, the outputs of which are connected to the resistor and diode connection point. However, this device cannot continuously control the presence of ground. The presence of earth is checked only when the electric pushbutton is pressed. The disadvantage of the device is that there is no audible alarm when the grounding has disappeared.
Izgudrojuma mērķis un būtība [005] Izgudrojuma mērķis ir novērst iepriekš minētos trūkumus. Piedāvātā ierīce (fig.3) zemējuma esamības nepārtrauktai kontrolei elektriskās iekārtās satur elektrisko ķēdi, kas sastāv no virknē savienotiem ierobežojošā rezistoru (2) un diodes (9). Viens gals ķēdei ir savienots ar tīkla nullvada kontaktu (3). Ķēdē ir ieslēgts izpildelements (10), kam otrais izvads caur rezistoru ir savienots ar fāzes vada kontaktu L (3). Elektriskās ķēdes otrais gals ir savienots ar izpildelementa (10) pirmo izvadu. Izpildelementa vadāms izvads ir savienots ar MOSFET tranzistora (8) noteci, iztece ir savienota ar fāzes vada kontaktu, un aizvars caur lielas pretestības rezistoru ir savienots ar nullvada zemējuma kontaktu un ar ierīces korpusa zemējumu. Pie kam rezistora pretestības lielums ir izvēlēts no sekojoša nosacījuma:OBJECTIVE AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to overcome the above disadvantages. The proposed device (Fig. 3) for continuously controlling the presence of earth in electrical equipment comprises an electrical circuit consisting of a series of bounded resistors (2) and a diode (9). One end of the circuit is connected to the neutral (3) of the network. The actuator (10) is connected to the circuit and the second output through the resistor is connected to the phase conductor contact L (3). The other end of the electrical circuit is connected to the first outlet of the actuator (10). The actuator-controlled output is connected to the drain of the MOSFET transistor (8), the output is connected to the phase conductor contact, and the shutter is connected to the earth conductor of the zero conductor through the high resistance resistor. The resistor resistance value is selected from the following condition:
UBx./0,5 1без.< R <( Ubx.R* /1,5 UCpa6.)- R*, kur: R ir rezistora pretestības lielums omos, UBX. ir tīkla spriegums voltos, 1без. ir drošas strāvas lielums ampēros (0,5 mA), Ucpa6. ir tranzistora ieslēgšanas sliekšņa spriegums voltos, R* ir pretestības lielums omos rezistoram, kas ir pieslēgts paralēli tranzistora notecei un iztecei.U B x./0.5 1 б за <R <(Ubx.R * / 1.5 U C pa 6.) - R * where: R is the value of the resistor in ohms, U BX . is the mains voltage in volts, 1bar. is the value of the safe current in amperes (0.5 mA), U cpa 6. is the threshold voltage of the transistor in volts, R * is the resistance value of the ohm resistor connected in parallel to the transistor current and current.
Piedāvātās ierices detalizēts apraksts [006] lence (fig.3) satur elektrisko ķēdi 14, kura sastav no virkne savienotiem rezistora 2 un diodes 9. Izpildelements 10 satur divkrāsu gaisma indikatoru 1 un skaņas indikatoru 11. Ierīce satur MOSFET tranzistora slēdzi 6 un lielas pretestības rezistoru 7. Ierīce darbojas sekojoši. Ja elektroierīce ir pievienota darbaspējīgai kontaktligzdai, tad strāva iet no fazes vada L caur tranzistora 8 izteci, gaismas diodi 1, diodi 9 un rezistoru 2 uz nullvada kontaktu N. Tranzistora slēdzis 6 ir ieslēgtā stāvoklī tāpēc, ka aizvara spriegums ir lielāks par aizvara sliekšņa spriegumu. Aizvara ķēdē strāva iet no kontakta 4 caur rezistoru 7 un rezistoru R3 uz kontaktu 3. Gaismas indikators 1 kvēlo ar zaļu krāsu, un tas signalizē, ka zemējums ir un fazes vads rozetē ir pievienots labajam kontaktam. Ja zemējums ir un fazes vads rozetē ir pievienots kreisajam kontaktam, tad gaismas indikators kvēlo ar sarkano gaismu un darbojas skaņas signāls. Ja gaismas indikators kvēlo ar sarkano gaismu un darbojas skaņas signāls elektroierīces kontaktdakšas abos stāvokļos rozetē, tad elektroierīcē zemējuma nav. lence (fig.3) ir izpildīta uz atsevišķas iespiestas plates un atrodas elektroierīcē iekšā. Tad gaismas indikators 1 strādā kā tīkla sprieguma indikators. [007] lence (fig.4) ir izmantojama zemejuma vada esamības un pareizas fāzes vada pievienošanas kontrolei tieši rozetē. Šo ierīci var izmantot celtnieki, santehniķi, ofisa darbinieki rozetes 220 V ātrai pārbaudei. Ierīce (fig.4) ir izpildīta korpusā ar kontaktdakšu un ar zemēšanas kontaktu. Ārējas ierīces izskats ir parādīts (fig.7). Kontaktligzda 220 V ir darbspējīga, ja, pieskartoties ar roku pie ierīces vietā, kuras tuvumā ir novietots sensora kontakts 15, sāk kvēlot indikators 1 ar zaļu krāsu.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED DEVICE The belt (FIG. 3) comprises an electrical circuit 14 consisting of a series of connected resistor 2 and diode 9. Actuator 10 comprises a two-color light indicator 1 and a sound indicator 11. The device comprises a MOSFET transistor switch 6 and high impedance. resistor 7. The device operates as follows. If the electrical appliance is connected to a working socket, the current goes from phase conductor L through the transistor 8 output, LED 1, diode 9 and resistor 2 to the neutral terminal N. Transistor switch 6 is on because the shutter voltage is greater than the shutter threshold voltage . The current in the shutter circuit goes from pin 4 through resistor 7 and resistor R3 to pin 3. The light indicator 1 glows green and indicates that the ground is on and the phase wire in the socket is connected to the right pin. If the ground is on and the phase wire in the outlet is connected to the left contact, the light indicator glows with red light and an acoustic signal sounds. If the light indicator is red and the acoustic signal at both positions of the plug on the appliance is working, there is no grounding in the appliance. The strap (Fig. 3) is executed on a separate printed board and is located inside the electrical device. The light indicator 1 then functions as a mains voltage indicator. [007] The strap (Fig. 4) is used to control the presence of the earth conductor and the correct connection of the phase conductor directly to the outlet. This device can be used by builders, plumbers, office workers to quickly test a 220V outlet. The device (Fig. 4) is implemented in a housing with a plug and a grounding contact. The appearance of the external device is shown (fig.7). The 220 V socket is operational when indicator 1 with a green light begins to glow when the device is touched with a hand near the sensor contact 15.
[008] lence (fig.4) ir papildus ir ievests otrais MOSFET tranzistora slēdzis 12. Ja ierīce (fig.4) ir ieslēgta rozetē, iedegas indikatora sarkanā gaisma. Ja fāzes vads rozetē ir pievienots pareizi (pie labā kontakta) un ir zemējums, tad momentā, kad roka ir tuvumā sensora kontaktam 15, iedegas indikatora zaļā gaisma. Tādā gadījumā abi divi tranzistora slēdži (6 un 12) ir ieslēgti. Ja zemējuma nav, tad zaļā gaisma nedeg. Ierīce var atklāt bīstamu bojājumu, kad pie kreisā kontakta un zemēšanas kontakta ir pievienots fāzes vads, bet pie labā kontakta ir pievienots nullvads vai zemēšanas vads. Tādā gadījumā tranzistora slēdzis 6 ir ieslēgts, bet slēdzis 12 nav ieslēgts. Sensorkontakts (15) ir izveidots metāla plates veidā un ir piestiprināts korpusa iekšpusē. Atšķirība no citiem rozetes testeriem, šī ierīce satur bezkontakta fāzes indentifikatoru. Ja ir darbspējīga rozete, tad lietotājs zinās, kā pareizi ieslēgt elektroierīces kontaktdakšu. Tādā gadījumā elektroierīces darbmužs būs liels, bet elektriskais fons 50 Hz būs mazs.A second MOSFET transistor switch 12 is additionally introduced in the strap (FIG. 4). When the device (FIG. 4) is switched on, the indicator light turns red. If the phase conductor in the outlet is properly connected (to the right contact) and there is ground, then the indicator will light up green as soon as the hand is near the sensor contact 15. In this case, the two transistor switches (6 and 12) are on. If there is no grounding, the green light is off. The device may detect a dangerous fault when a phase conductor is connected to the left contact and the earth contact, and a ground or earth conductor is connected to the right contact. In this case, the transistor switch 6 is on and the switch 12 is not on. The sensor contact (15) is in the form of a metal plate and is fixed inside the housing. Unlike other rosette testers, this device has a non-contact phase identifier. If the socket is operational, the user will know how to properly plug in the electrical appliance. In this case, the electrical life of the appliance will be long and the electric background will be low at 50 Hz.
[009] lence (fig.5) ir izmantojama zemejuma esamības nepārtrauktai kontrolei elektroierīcē un rozetē 220 V. Ja zemējuma nav, tad darbojas skaņas indikators 11. Ja zemējums ir, tad tranzistora slēdzis 6 ir ieslēgts un ar diodes 16 palīdzību šuntē indikatoru 11.The strap (FIG. 5) is used to continuously monitor the presence of the earthing device in the electrical device and the outlet 220 V. In the absence of earthing, the acoustic indicator 11 operates. If there is a ground, the transistor switch 6 is on.
[010] Ierīces (fig.6) variants ir ari izmantojams zemesvada nepārtrauktai kontrolei. Ja zemējuma nav, deg sarkanais indikators un darbojas skaņas signāls. Ierīce (fig.6) ir izmantojama rozetes 220 V ātrai pārbaudei. Rozete 220 V ir darbspējīga, ja, pieskartoties ar roku pie ierīces korpusa, deg sarkanais indikators 10. Ja zemējums ir un fāzes vads rozetē ir pievienots pie labā kontakta, deg zaļais indikators 10.The variant of the device (Fig. 6) is also usable for continuous control of the earth conductor. If there is no grounding, the red indicator light is on and the buzzer sounds. The device (Fig. 6) is used for rapid testing of a 220 V socket. The 220V outlet is operational when the red indicator light 10 illuminates when touching the body of the device. If the ground is on and the phase conductor in the outlet is connected to the right contact, the green indicator light 10 is on.
Informācijas avoti:Sources of information:
1. Latvijas patents LV14333 B, pieteikums P-09-212, kas datēts 01.12.2009; starptautiskās klasifikācijas indekss (ski) H01H71/10;1. Latvian Patent LV14333 B, Application P-09-212, dated 01.12.2009; International Classification Index (ski) H01H71 / 10;
2. Свидетельство на полезную модель RU 20413 U1, мки H02H3/10 и Н02НЗ/14 “Устройство контроля наличия заземления электроприборов”;2. Supplementary Instruments RU 20413 U1 for H02H3 / 10 and N02НЗ / 14
3. Устройство непрерывного контроля наличия и качества заземления электрического оборудования. Патент RU151432, 15.09.2014, мки Н02Н03/10 и Н02Н03/14;3. Устройство непрерывного контроля наличия и качества заземления электрического оборудования. Paten RU151432, 09/15/2014, МН02Н03 / 10 and Н02Н03 / 14;
4. Афанасьев А.И. Электромагнитный фон промышленной частоты 50 Гц; “Безопасность и охрана труда” 2006 Nr.34. Афанасьев А.И. Тлектромагнитный фон промышленной частоты 50 Гц; Безопасность и охрана труда 2006 No.3
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LVP-16-22A LV15275B (en) | 2016-03-21 | 2016-03-21 | Device for control of earthing availability in electrical equipments |
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