LV14983B - Method for producing intermediates of phenibut - Google Patents

Method for producing intermediates of phenibut Download PDF

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LV14983B
LV14983B LVP-13-154A LV130154A LV14983B LV 14983 B LV14983 B LV 14983B LV 130154 A LV130154 A LV 130154A LV 14983 B LV14983 B LV 14983B
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reaction
diethyl ester
acid diethyl
acid
product
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LV14983A (en
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Vilnis Liepiņš
Albīne Livdāne
Jekaterina Revjuka
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Olainfarm, A/S
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Priority to EA201491679A priority patent/EA026591B1/en
Priority to MD20140113A priority patent/MD20140113A2/en
Priority to UAA201411200A priority patent/UA113979C2/en
Priority to GEAP201413598A priority patent/GEP20176618B/en
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Publication of LV14983B publication Critical patent/LV14983B/en

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Abstract

The invention describes a new, technologically simple method for obtaining benzalmalonic acid diethyl ether and cyanobenzylmalonic acid diethyl ether, which are phenibut production semi-products.

Description

4-Fenil-3-karbetoksipirolidona-2 laboratorijas sintēzes metode ir aprakstīta zinātniskajā literatūrā [Zelle, R. E. Synthesis, 1991, 1023-1026]. Galvenais šīs metodes trūkums ir tas, ka sintēzē tiek izmantots kālija cianīds etiķskābes vidē. Tā kā etiķskābe ir stiprāka skābe par ciānūdeņražskābi, reakcijas vidē izdalās ciānūdeņradis, kas ir ārkārtīgi toksiska un viegli gaistoša viela. Šādi reakcijas apstākļi nav izmantojami rūpnieciskā ražošanā. Turklāt aprakstā kā sintēzes izejviela tiek izmantots benzālmalonskābes dietilesteris (I), kura sintēzē tiek izmantots kancerogēnais šķīdinātājs benzols [Spangler, A.; Org. Synth, 1945, 25, 43], kas nav pielietojams rūpnieciskā ražošanā. Aprakstītajā metodē iegūtā reakcijas masa tiek mazgāta ar skābi un bāzi un iegūtais tehniskais produkts tiek attīrīts ar vakuumdestilācijas palīdzību. Šādas manipulācijas ir ārkārtīgi darbietilpīgas un neefektīvas rūpnieciskos ražošanas apmēros, kā rezultātā stipri palielinās iegūstamā produkta pašizmaksa.The laboratory synthesis of 4-phenyl-3-carbethoxypyrrolidone-2 is described in the scientific literature [Zelle, R. E. Synthesis, 1991, 1023-1026]. The main disadvantage of this method is the use of potassium cyanide in acetic acid for synthesis. Because acetic acid is a stronger acid than hydrocyanic acid, hydrogen cyanide, an extremely toxic and highly volatile substance, is liberated in the reaction medium. Such reaction conditions are not applicable to industrial production. In addition, the description uses benzylmalonic acid diethyl ester (I) as a starting material for the synthesis, which is synthesized using the carcinogenic solvent benzene [Spangler, A .; Org. Synth, 1945, 25, 43], which is not applicable in industrial production. The reaction mass obtained in the method described is washed with acid and base and the technical product obtained is purified by vacuum distillation. Such manipulations are extremely labor-intensive and inefficient in industrial production, leading to a significant increase in the cost price of the product to be obtained.

Līdz ar to patentējama izgudrojuma mērķis bija atrast tādu 4-fenil-3-karbetoksipirolidona-2 iegūšanas paņēmienu, kurā nebūtu jāpielieto bīstami reaģenti un šķīdinātāji, kas atšķirtos ar stabiliem un augstiem iznākumiem, būtu viegli mērogojams, vienkārši realizējams rūpniecībā un ļautu iegūt Fenibutu ar augstu tīrības pakāpi.Accordingly, the object of the patentable invention was to find a process for the preparation of 4-phenyl-3-carbethoxypyrrolidone-2 that avoids the use of hazardous reagents and solvents that are distinguished by stable and high yields, easy to scale, easy to industrially obtain degree of purity.

Mēs negaidīti atklājām, ka benzālmalonskābes dietilesteri (I) var iegūt no benzaldehīda kondensācijas reakcijā ar dietilmalonātu piperidīna un benzoskābes klātbūtnē. Reakcijas gaitā no reakcijas masas tiek atdestilēts ūdens tādējādi nobīdot ķīmisko līdzsvaru produkta veidošanās virzienā. Kā reakcijas šķīdinātājus var izmantot šķīdinātājus, kas veido azeotropus maisījumus ar ūdeni, piemēram, toluolu vai cikloheksānu. Cikloheksāna priekšrocība ir tā ka tas kā netoksisks šķīdinātājs ir ļoti piemērots liela apjoma ražošanai. Mēs negaidīti atklājām, ka tīru produktu var iegūt izlejot reakcijas masu etilēnglikolā rm filtrējot iegūtās nogulsnes. Tādā veidā, benzālmalonskābes dietilesteris var tikt iegūts rūpnieciskos apmēros no benzaldehīda un dietilmalonāta kā šķīdinātāju izmantojot cikloheksānu un izmantojot etilēnglikolu produkta izdalīšanai.We have unexpectedly found that benzylmalonic acid diethyl esters (I) can be obtained from benzaldehyde by condensation with diethyl malonate in the presence of piperidine and benzoic acid. During the reaction, water is distilled from the reaction mass, thereby shifting the chemical equilibrium in the direction of product formation. As reaction solvents, solvents which form azeotropic mixtures with water, such as toluene or cyclohexane, may be used. The advantage of cyclohexane is that it is very suitable as a non-toxic solvent for large scale production. We found unexpectedly that a pure product can be obtained by pouring the reaction mass on ethylene glycol and filtering off the resulting precipitate. In this way, benzyl malonic acid diethyl ester can be obtained on an industrial scale from benzaldehyde and diethyl malonate using cyclohexane as solvent and ethylene glycol to isolate the product.

Literatūrā aprakstītajā metodē [Zelle, R. E. Synthesis, 1991, pp. 1023-1026] ciānbenzilmalonskābes dietilestera (II) sintēzē tiek izmantots kālija cianīds etiķskābes vidē. Šī izgudrojuma mērķis bija atrast iegūšanas paņēmienu bez viegli gaistošu toksisku vielu izmantošanas. To negaidīti izdevās sasniegt realizējot ciānbenzilmalonskābes dietilestera iegūšanu no benzālmalonskābes dietilestera reakcijā ar acetona ciānhidrinu bāzes klātbūtnē. Kā bāzi var izmantot sārmu vai karbonātus, piemēram, kālija hidroksīdu vai kālija karbonātu. Reakcijas vides pH tiek kontrolēts un nekad nav zemāks par 9. Tas nozīmē, ka reakcijas vide ir bāziska un toksiskā ciānūdeņraža izdalīšanās nav iespējama. Vēlamais produkts tiek izdalīts no reakcijas masas ar kristalizācijas un filtrācijas palīdzību. Šie reakcijas apstākļi ir piemēroti ciānbenzilmalonskābes dietilestera rūpnieciskai ražošanai. Saskaņā ar šo izgudrojumu, ciānbenzilmalonskābes dietilesteris tiek iegūts ar augstu iznākumu un tīrību. Iegūto ciānbenzilmalonskābes dietilesteri iespējams papildus attīrīt to pārkristalizējot no piemērota šķīdinātāja.The method described in the literature [Zelle, R. E. Synthesis, 1991, p. 1023-1026] potassium cyanide in acetic acid medium is used in the synthesis of cyanobenzylmalonic acid diethyl ester (II). The object of the present invention was to find a production method without the use of volatile toxic substances. This was unexpectedly achieved by the reaction of producing cyanobenzylmalonic acid diethyl ester from benzalmalonic acid diethyl ester by reaction with acetone in the presence of a cyanohydrin base. Alkalis or carbonates such as potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate may be used as the base. The pH of the reaction medium is controlled and never lower than 9. This means that the reaction medium is basic and that no toxic cyanide is released. The desired product is isolated from the reaction mass by crystallization and filtration. These reaction conditions are suitable for the industrial production of cyanobenzylmalonic acid diethyl ester. According to the present invention, cyanobenzylmalonic acid diethyl ester is obtained with high yield and purity. The resulting cyanobenzylmalonic acid diethyl ester can be further purified by recrystallization from a suitable solvent.

Tālāk 4-fenil-3-karbetoksipirolidons-2 tiek iegūts no ciānbenzilmalonskābes dietilestera reducējot cianogrupu ar ūdeņradi piemērota katalizatora klātbūtnē. Kā katalizators var tikt izmantots, piemēram, Reneja niķelis. Reakcijas vidē izdalītais pirmējais amīns iekšmolekulāri uzbrūk estera grupai izšķeļot etanolu un veidojot vēlamo produktu - 4-fenil-3karbetoksipirolidonu-2. Reakcija tiek veikta autoklāvā, paaugstinātā ūdeņraža spiedienā kā reakcijas šķīdinātāju izmantojot, piemēram, izopropilspirtu. Iegūto 4-feniI-3karbetoksipirolidonu-2 tālāk var viegli pārvērst Fenibutā izmantojot skābo hidrolīzi ūdens šķīdumā, kā skābi izmantojot stipru minerālskābi, piemēram, sālsskābi.Further, 4-phenyl-3-carbethoxypyrrolidone-2 is obtained from the diethyl ester of cyanobenzyl malonic acid by reduction of the cyano group with hydrogen in the presence of a suitable catalyst. For example, Reney nickel can be used as a catalyst. The primary amine liberated in the reaction medium intermolecularly attacks the ester group by cleavage of ethanol to form the desired product, 4-phenyl-3-carbethoxypyrrolidone-2. The reaction is carried out in an autoclave using elevated hydrogen pressure as the reaction solvent, for example isopropyl alcohol. The resulting 4-phenyl-3-carbethoxypyrrolidone-2 can be further easily converted into Phenibut by acid hydrolysis in aqueous solution using a strong mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid.

Tātad, šis izgudrojums piedāvā jaunu, ērtu un ekonomisku metodi 4-fenil-3karbetoksipirolidona-2 ražošanai rūpnieciskos apjomos. Iegūtais produkts tālāk var tikt izmantots dažādu farmaceitiski aktīvu vielu ražošanā.Thus, the present invention provides a novel, convenient and economical method for the industrial production of 4-phenyl-3-carbethoxypyrrolidone-2. The resulting product can be further used in the manufacture of various pharmaceutically active substances.

Izgudrojuma sfēru neierobežo aprakstītie piemēri, kuriem ir demonstrējošs raksturs.The scope of the invention is not limited by the following examples which are illustrative.

PIEMĒRIEXAMPLES

Sekojošie piemēri ilustrē bet neierobežo doto izgudrojumu.The following examples illustrate but do not limit the invention.

Piemērs 1.Example 1.

Benzālmalonskābes dietilesterisBenzylmalonic acid diethyl ester

0,5 1 Triskaklu apaļkolbā, aprīkotā ar maisītāju, dzesinātāju, Dina-Starka pāreju un termometru ielej 100 ml cikloheksāna, pievieno 36,3 ml (0,354 mol) benzaldehīda, pielej 1,7 ml piperidīna, 52,5 ml (0,342 mol) malonskābes dietilestera, un pieber 1,1 g benzoskābes. Reakcijas masu silda un atdestilē azeotropo ūdens-cikloheksāns maisījumu. Reakcijas gaitu kontrolē ar plānslāņa hromatogrāfijas palīdzību. Kad reakcija noritējusi, reakcijas masu atdzesē.In a 1-L round-bottomed flask fitted with a stirrer, a condenser, a Dina-Stark transition and a thermometer, add 100 ml of cyclohexane, add 36.3 ml (0.354 mol) of benzaldehyde, add 1.7 ml of piperidine, 52.5 ml (0.342 mol). diethyl ester of malonic acid and 1.1 g of benzoic acid. The reaction mass is heated and the azeotropic water-cyclohexane mixture is distilled. The progress of the reaction is controlled by thin layer chromatography. When the reaction is complete, the reaction mass is cooled.

0,5 1 Tfīskaklu apaļkolbā, aprīkotā ar maisītāju un termometru ielej 100 ml etilēnglikola un pievieno iepriekš iegūto reakcijas masu. Izkritušās nogulsnes filtrē, mazgā uz filtra ar ūdeni un žāvē. Iegūto tehnisko produktu kristalizē no etilspirta, iegūstot tīru benzālmalonskābes dietilesteri ar kušanas temperatūru 28,0-33,0 °C.Pour 100 ml of ethylene glycol into a 0.5 l T-neck round-bottomed flask equipped with a stirrer and add the reaction mass obtained previously. The precipitate is filtered off, washed on the filter with water and dried. The technical product obtained is crystallized from ethyl alcohol to give pure benzylmalonic acid diethyl ester with a melting point of 28.0-33.0 ° C.

’H-KMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 7,73 (s, 1H), 7,42-7,53 (m, 5H), 4,21-4,33 (m, 4H), 1,18-1,28 (m, 6H). 13C-KMR (75 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 165,9; 163,4; 141,4; 132,3; 130,9; 129,3; 129,0; 125,9; 61,42; 61,40; 14,0; 13,7.1 H-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ: 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.42-7.53 (m, 5H), 4.21-4.33 (m, 4H), 1 , 18-1.28 (m, 6H). 13 C-NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ: 165.9; 163.4; 141.4; 132.3; 130.9; 129.3; 129.0; 125.9; 61.42; 61.40; 14.0; 13.7.

Piemērs 2.Example 2.

Ciānbenzilmalonskābes dietilesterisCyanobenzylmalonic acid diethyl ester

0,5 L Tfīskaklu apaļkolbā, aprīkotā ar maisītāju un termometru ielej 90 ml izopropilspirta un pieber 65,0 g (0,254 mol) benzālmalonskābes dietilestra, pielej 32 ml kālija karbonāta šķīduma un 24,8 ml (0,272 mol) acetonciānhidrina, maisa istabas temperatūrā un kontrolē pH, kam jābūt ne mazākam par 9. Reakcijas beigas kontrolē ar plānslāņa hromatogrāfijas palīdzību, vajadzības gadījumā reakcijas masu nedaudz pasildot. Reakcijas masu atdzesē, izkritušās nogulsnes nofiltrē un uz filtra mazgā ar izopropilspirtu un ūdeni. Iegūto produktu pārkristalizē no spirta iegūstot tīru ciānbenzilmalonskābes dietilesteri ar kušanas temperatūru 45,0-50,0 °C.Pour 90 ml of isopropyl alcohol into a 0.5 L T-neck round-bottom flask equipped with a stirrer and add 65.0 g (0.254 mol) of benzalmalonic acid diethyl ester, add 32 ml of potassium carbonate solution and 24.8 ml (0.272 mol) of acetonocyanohydrate, stir at room temperature and control the pH, which must be not less than 9. Control the end of the reaction by thin-layer chromatography, slightly warming the reaction mass if necessary. The reaction mass is cooled, the precipitate is filtered off and washed on the filter with isopropyl alcohol and water. The product obtained is recrystallized from alcohol to give pure cyanobenzylmalonic acid diethyl ester with a melting point of 45.0-50.0 ° C.

’H-KMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 7,34-7,50 (m, 5H), 4,78 (d, 1H), 4,40 (d, 1H), 4,114,18 (m, 2H), 4,00-4,11 (m, 2H), 1,13 (t, 3H), 1,03 (t, 3H). 13C-KMR (75 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 166,1; 165,7; 132,6; 128,8; 128,6; 128,3; 119,1; 61,7; 54,5; 35,3; 13,8; 13,6.1 H-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ: 7.34-7.50 (m, 5H), 4.78 (d, 1H), 4.40 (d, 1H), 4.114.18 (m , 2H), 4.00-4.11 (m, 2H), 1.13 (t, 3H), 1.03 (t, 3H). 13 C-NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ: 166.1; 165.7; 132.6; 128.8; 128.6; 128.3; 119.1; 61.7; 54.5; 35.3; 13.8; 13.6.

Piemērs 3,Example 3,

4-Fenil-3 -karbetoksipirolidons-24-Phenyl-3-carbethoxypyrrolidone-2

Piemērotā autoklāvā ielej 50 ml izopropilspirta, pieliek 1,8 g iepriekš atūdeņotu Reneja niķeļa katalizatoru un suspensijai pieber 10,0 g ciānbenzilmalonskābes dietilesteri. Autoklāvu aizver un nomaina atmosfēru tajā pret ūdeņradi. Hidrogenēšanu veic paaugstinātā spiedienā (515 bar) pēc vajadzības reakcijas masu pasildot. Kad vairs nenovēro ūdeņraža patēriņu, katalizatoru nofiltrē un iegūto filtrātu ietvaicē pazeminātā spiedienā līdz minimālam tilpumam. Izkritušās nogulsnes filtrē, mazgā uz filtra ar aukstu izopropilspirtu un žāvē. Iegūst tīru 4-fenil-3karbetoksipirolidonu-2 ar kušanas temperatūru 122,0-126,0 °C.Pour 50 ml of isopropyl alcohol into a suitable autoclave, add 1.8 g of pre-dehydrated Reney nickel catalyst and add 10.0 g of cyanobenzyl malonic acid diethyl ester to the suspension. The autoclave is closed and the atmosphere is replaced with hydrogen. Hydrogenation is carried out at elevated pressure (515 bar), heating the reaction mass as needed. When no more hydrogen is consumed, the catalyst is filtered off and the filtrate evaporated under reduced pressure to a minimum volume. The precipitate is filtered off, washed on a filter with cold isopropyl alcohol and dried. Pure 4-phenyl-3-carbethoxypyrrolidone-2 is obtained with a melting point of 122.0-126.0 ° C.

Ή-KMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 8,14 (s, 1H), 7,22-7,36 (m, 5H), 4,09 <m, 2H), 3,90 (m, 1H), 3,59-3,66 (m, 2H), 3,25 (t, 1H), 1,15 (t, 3H). 13C-KMR (75 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 171,2; 169,7; 139,7; 128,6; 127,2; 127,1; 60,7; 54,9; 46,6; 44,9; 14,0.1 H-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ: 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.22-7.36 (m, 5H), 4.09 (m, 2H), 3.90 (m, 1H), 3.59-3.66 (m, 2H), 3.25 (t, 1H), 1.15 (t, 3H). 13 C-NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-d 6) δ: 171.2; 169.7; 139.7; 128.6; 127.2; 127.1; 60.7; 54.9; 46.6; 44.9; 14.0.

Claims (6)

PRETENZIJAS 1. Benzālmalonskābes dietilestera iegūšanas paņēmiens no benzaldehīda un dietilmalonāta, kas atšķiras ar to, ka produkta izdalīšanai no reakcijas maisījuma izmanto glikolus.Process for the preparation of benzylmalonic acid diethyl ester from benzaldehyde and diethyl malonate, characterized in that glycols are used to isolate the product from the reaction mixture. 2. Iegūšanas paņēmiens pēc 1. punkta, kur reakcijas šķīdinātājs ir izvēlēts no rindas: alkani, cikloalkāni un aromātiskie ogļūdeņraži.The process of claim 1, wherein the reaction solvent is selected from the group consisting of alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons. 3. Iegūšanas paņēmiens pēc 1. punkta, kur reakcijas šķīdinātājs ir cikloheksāns.The process of claim 1, wherein the reaction solvent is cyclohexane. 4. Iegūšanas paņēmiens pēc 1. punkta, kur produkta izdalīšanai no reakcijas maisījuma izmanto etilēnglikolu.4. The process of claim 1, wherein ethylene glycol is used to isolate the product from the reaction mixture. 5. Ciānbenzilmalonskābes dietilestera iegūšanas paņēmiens no benzālmalonskābes dietilestera un acetona ciānhidriha, kas atšķiras ar to, ka reakcija notiek bāziskā vidē.Process for the preparation of cyanobenzylmalonic acid diethyl ester from benzylmalonic acid diethyl ester and acetone cyanohydride, characterized in that the reaction takes place in a basic medium. 6. Iegūšanas paņēmiens pēc 5. punkta, kur reakcijas maisījuma pH tiek uzturēts intervālā no 8 līdz 12.6. The process of claim 5, wherein the pH of the reaction mixture is maintained between 8 and 12.
LVP-13-154A 2013-10-15 2013-10-15 Method for producing intermediates of phenibut LV14983B (en)

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EA201491679A EA026591B1 (en) 2013-10-15 2014-10-10 Method for obtaining phenibut production semi-products
MD20140113A MD20140113A2 (en) 2013-10-15 2014-10-13 Method for obtaining phenibut production semi-products
UAA201411200A UA113979C2 (en) 2013-10-15 2014-10-14 METHOD OF PREPARATION OF FENIBUTE PRODUCTION HALF PRODUCT
GEAP201413598A GEP20176618B (en) 2013-10-15 2014-10-15 Method for semiproducts of phenibut production

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