LV14769B - Multifunctional device for stump extraction and spliding and scarification of soil using mounding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention applies to the forestry and the multifunctional excavator bucket is developed for extraction and splitting of stumps in clear-felling sites with ability of simultaneous scarification of soil using mounding method in forest regeneration. The invention is a multifunctional device consisting of common frame (1) with attached stump extraction and splitting device with jaws (2) and with hydraulic cylinder (3) powered splitting knife (4) at one end and with soil scarification (mounding) unit (5) consisting of main working plate (6), cutting knifes (7) and moldboards (8) mounted at another end of the common frame. Mounting fingers (9) to attach the device to the excavator are located at the top of the common frame.

Description

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the forestry sector and is intended for pruning of tree trunks as well as for the simultaneous establishment of planting stands in forest clearings and targeted reforestation by planting.

TECHNICAL LEVEL

Today, two machines are used in practice - stump trimmers and different types of plows for soil preparation.

In France, Sweden and Finland, several types of stump diggers are produced: CeDe 2600, Ecorex 30, Pollaris 140 or Pollaris 160, Alto, and others that perform strain-cracking but are not suitable for simultaneous planting of stands after clearing stumps [1-11 ].

A number of machines are known which are used for planting or soil preparation in clearings, such as plows consisting of a frame, coulters, shutters with various struts and adjusting devices, changes in coulters and shutter parameters [12-17]. When assembling plows for working with tractors, the coulter usually cuts off the soil plastic (turf) from below, which moves further into the cultivator and is positioned sideways in a half-tilted position. The coulters and discs of large forest plows work in a similar way, forming furrows for forest planting. In such plants, soil aeration and dehumidification processes deteriorate due to soil compaction.

The newly developed plant uses a new potting planter for forest soils, which provides complete rotation of the cut turf by 180 ° by placing the mineralized layer of soil in the upper parts of the plants and placing a raised layer 30 cm to 40 cm above the top of the soil. protects the plant from rapid watering, improves moisture regime and reduces the impact of harmful entomofauna [18].

The object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional device that enables the stumps to be removed simultaneously in the clearing, and to create a stubble in the deserted area for reforestation.

The object is achieved by providing a multifunctional machine on a common machine body (1) with stub pulling jaws (2) at one end and a strain-rupture knife (4) attached to a hydraulic cylinder (3), with double-action pivot planting at the opposite end of the body. a device (5) consisting of soil-plastic cutting knives (6), cut-off shafts (7) and pressure plates (8) of established planting (elevated), arrows (9) located in the upper part of the housing.

The invention is explained in the drawing:

FIG. Schematic depiction of a new construction multifunctional machine for stubble plowing with the simultaneous establishment of soil elevation planting sites in the decommissioned area.

Description of equipment in statics

The machine is designed as a multifunctional mechanism that can perform two operations simultaneously in the clearing - to pull and tear the stumps, as well as to create stubble plantations for forest planting. The apparatus consists of a housing (1) with strain-pulling jaws (2) at one end and a strain-rupture knife (4) connected by a hydraulic cylinder (3). At the opposite end of the machine housing is a double-action, pivot-type planter (5) consisting of soil-plastic cutting knives (6), cut-out shovel shutters (7) and pressure plates (8) of the created planting-sites (elevators). Arrows (9) are located at the top of the machine to attach it to the excavator hydrostructure.

The new design multifunctional machine for stubble-tearing and stubble cultivation in the decommissioned area works as follows: The body of the machine (1) with the arrows (9) is attached to the excavator hydrostructure, which moves the machine during stubble-tearing and lifting. The excavator, with the body of the unit attached to the hydrostructure (1), is brought to the felling site and commenced operation in an 8 -10 m wide belt. When moving along the clearing, the excavator stops every 4-5 m, and in the area of operation of the hydrostructure, at the back of the excavator, stump-tearing is followed, followed by planting. With the excavator hydrostril, the body of the machine (1) is tilted for work, the stump pulling organs at the current stump and the stump pulling jaws (2) are pressed under the stump roots. With the hydraulic cylinder (3) the knife (4) is pressed against the strain and the strain is raised 1.0-1.5 cm above the ground with the hydrostril. If the strain is very large and difficult to lift, it is broken into two or more parts by the hydraulic cylinder (3) and the knife (4). Strips or parts of stumps are loaded on both sides of the workpiece for further transfer.

After the stumps have been erected, the establishment of stubble-like planting sites is started in the set-aside area. The hydrostructure is tipped over, with planting bodies working against the soil, and moved to the elevation selected. The double-action planter (5) pushes one side of the cutting knife (6) into the soil so that it passes through the topsoil and is guided into the mineral soil. The machine is then tilted until its base is parallel to the soil level, moving it at a distance of 50-60 cm to the elbow. During moving, the cutting turf moves along the concave surface of the sash (7), fitting snugly. The machine is then tipped over with a hydrostructure and the turf cut from the sash (7) is laid 180 ° upside down, with a layer of ground cover at the bottom and a layer of mineralized soil at the top of the planter.

The compactor is compacted by pressing it against the base of the machine (8) to form a compact planter. Planting sites can be created by moving the plant to one side or the other because of it. is a double-sided machine. Thus, 8-12 plantings are prepared in the area set aside, depending on the species of trees to be planted in the given felling area. The excavator then moves forward, for another 4-5 m, with stubble trimming and stubble cultivation at its rear.

INDUSTRIAL USE

The new construction multifunctional machine is used for forestry work, stubble-felling in forest clearings for biofuel preparation, and at the same time in the decommissioned area for the purpose of planting targeted forest regeneration.

Using the developed equipment in the practical work of the JSC “Latvijas Valsts meži” in Vidusdaugava forestry, stumps were removed and plantation areas of 10 ha were prepared. Tests have shown that the structure of the plant is operational, reduces the risk of soil compaction by 50 to 60%, and changes the natural forest cover to a smaller area. The machine is 1.0-1.5t lighter compared to stump trenchers or soil preparation plows used in practice. Using one unit to perform both works at the same time will reduce the cost of these works by 100-150 Ls ha ' ¹ .

Sources of information

1. Backlund C. (2007) Stump wood fuel in large scale industrial use. Bioenergy 2007, 3rd International Bio-energy Conference and Exhibition, 3rd-6th September 2007, Yyvaskyla Paviljonki. FINBIO Publications 36.s. 375-380.

2. Backlund C. (2011) Research Results - Productivity of Stamp Harvesting for Fuel (Logging News: Forest Engineering and Logging Research on Timber Harvesting Tree and Log Transport).

3. Von Hofsten, H. (2011) Teknik vor stulbdrivning, Skogsforsk.

4. Pat. FR 2924305, B1, 2009, A01G23 / 062.

5. Pat. SE 531782, C2, 2009, A01G23 / 064.

6. Pat. RU 2365094, C2,2009, A01G23 / 06.

7. Pat. RU 2289911, C1,2008, Α0Ϊ G23 / 06.

8. Pat. RU 2201074, Cl, 2003, A01G23 / 06.

9. Pat. RU 2157618, C2.2000, A01G23 / 06.

10. Pat. WO 89/05091, A1, 1989, A01G23 / 06

11. Pat. RU 2075923, Cl, 1997, A01G23 / 06.

12. Pat. RU 2462013, Cl, 2004, A01B15 / 04.

13. Pat. RU 2470503, Cl, 2012, A01B15 / 04.

14. Pat. RU 2433581, Cl, 2011, A01B13 / 04.

15. Pat. EP 2568796, Al, 2013, A01B3 / 46.

16. Pat. YU 27802, Al, 2004, A01B3 / 46.

17. Pat. RU 2183918, C 2, 2002, A01B49 / 02.

18. Pat. LVP-13-63, A, 14.05.2013.

Claims (1)

THE CLAIM Multifunctional machine for clearing stumps and planting stands in forest clearings, characterized in that it is formed on a common body (1) with stubble jaws (2) at one end and a strain breaker (4) connected with a hydraulic cylinder (3). ), a double-action pivoting planting machine (5) located at the opposite end of the housing, consisting of soil-plastic cutting knives (6), cut-off shafts (7) and pressure plates (8) of the established planting-pits (9). ).