LV14510B - Co-generative spectral lighting device for heating of greenhouse convolvulus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention refers to agriculture and mainly can be used for complex local electrical heating of greenhouse convolvulus (cucumbers, tomatoes etc.) and spectral lighting. The aim is to improve device's constructive performance, to increase efficiency, to decrease prime-cost, to increase exploitation safety, and to gain economy of electrical energy. The offered device consists of wooden carcass construction supported by bars hammered into the soil. An isolated resistive electric heating cord fixing the convolvulus is fastened on said bars. It also serves as a local heating source. At the full length of heating cord are performed connections of special light diodes without the usage of any kind of internal feeding sources. These connections are performed by special brunch-industry clips made according to an IDC technology. A length of tapping step in the heating cord ensures its voltage drop for normal performance of spectral diodes. This is the way how manifests the co-generative impact of heating cords in the greenhouse convolvulus spectral lighting device. The device's exploitation safety increases due to the usage of voltage control of the heating cord and due to the device's automatic disconnection in the case of emergency.

Description

Description of the Invention

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used mainly for complex electric heating and spectral illumination of greenhouse plants (cucumbers, tomatoes, etc.).

Analysis of prior art

Greenhouse heating and electric lighting equipment is known [JIT. Jlpniņen 'ΌφφεκτκΒΗ ^ ΒπεκτρΗφηκΒρΗΒ 3auiHinheHHoro rpyHTa', M., Kojioc, 1980,208 c.], Which uses luminescent lamps to illuminate plants but is heated by common heating of the entire space. This equipment has the following disadvantages:

• Luminous ballast inductive ballasts for fluorescent lamps have large losses of active power (-20%) and have a low natural power factor (cos (f> = 0.5), which is reduced to an increase in total power consumption;

• special capacitors must be used to compensate the reactive power of the throttle, thus making the light cubicle more expensive;

• Heating the entire common greenhouse creates an irrational use of energy because it generates heat that is not needed for direct plant development.

Partially, these deficiencies are overcome by a portable greenhouse unit (J.Fridrichson, "Unconventional Electrical Heating and Optical Radiation Equipment," Riga, Peterburg, 1999, p. 70), which has been selected as a prototype. This machine has a removable polyethylene film cover at the top of the metal frame, which has an iron-welded frame, which can be adjusted with height-adjustable chains. The frame contains fluorescent lamps and light-emitting incandescent lamps. In the middle of the frame there is a loose earth or substrate layer with vertical aluminum channels on the plank floor. A perforated shelf is placed in the lower enclosed compartment of the carcass, to which light-emitting, heat-only incandescent bulbs are attached at the lower edges. This mode is achievable when incandescent bulbs are operated in dark heat source mode by supplying them with reduced voltage. However, in addition to the general drawbacks mentioned above, this equipment also has the following major drawbacks:

• As non-economical incandescent bulbs are used to illuminate plants in addition to fluorescent lamps, there is a high consumption of electrical energy.

• the construction of the equipment is highly material and complex, which increases the cost of its manufacture.

Purpose and substance of the invention

The object of the invention is to improve the design of the equipment, increase efficiency, reduce cost, increase operational reliability and achieve energy savings. To accomplish this, a cogeneration greenhouse spectral illumination apparatus (Fig. 1) is constructed of a wooden frame structure on which a supporting resistive heat conductor 8, which secures the cotyledons 7, is secured to the support rods 6 retained in the ground layer 12. The heating conductor 8 is connected throughout its length by spectral light emitting diodes 9 without any internal power supply. The connections are made using IDC (Insulation Displacement Connection) technology, which involves cutting the insulating shell of the heating conductor into branch rails 10. If necessary, instead of a single spectral lamp, a parallel circuit of several LEDs or a series of them can be used at a higher voltage drop to a longer connection step.

Operation of the equipment

The low-voltage output of the auto-transformer 1 connected to the single-phase electric network "A-N" through the circuit breaker 3 of the tester 5 and the heating cable 8 connected to the ammeter 4 receives a rectified voltage of appropriately adjusted voltage. The direct current flowing through the resistive heating conductor 8 generates Joule heat, which is used for direct heating of the plant foliage 7. At the same time, the heating conductor 8 serves as an electric power supply for the spectral LEDs 9 which, for their operation, use the so-called active voltage drop across the connected step. This results in a cogeneration effect of the heating line in the spectral lighting system of the greenhouse creeping plants.

The voltage drop across the heating lines is controlled by an autotransformer for optimum temperature and plant lighting conditions 1. The amperage of the heating lines is controlled by an ammeter 4, but in the event of an emergency, the unit is automatically switched off by a circuit breaker 3 in the tester. with a length of heating cable whose electrical resistance prevents the necessary voltage drops within the permissible current limits, the autotransformer may not be used.

Compared to the prototype, the technical solution of the invention provides:

• 40% savings in electric energy due to the use of advanced (without internal power supply) economical spectral LEDs instead of fluorescent and non-energy saving incandescent lamps;

• a 30% reduction in capital expenditure due to the simplified design of the unit and the absence of fluorescent and incandescent lamps;

• 45% increase in the efficiency of the equipment, because the functions of fixation, heating and spectral illumination of creepers are realized simultaneously;

• 20% increase in operational reliability due to heating current control and automatic shutdown in case of emergency

Claims (4)

Claims 1. A cogeneration unit for spectral illumination of greenhouse creepers, comprising a removable polyethylene film-framed structure in which the plants are artificially illuminated by fluorescent lamps suspended therefrom and by fluorescent fluorescent fluorescent fluorescent lamps, , diffused in incandescent bulbs operating in the dark heat mode, in that the frame structure of the machine is made of wood with support rods secured to support the design, increase efficiency, reduce cost, increase operational reliability and save energy. insulated electric heating pipe. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric heating line is connected to the reduced voltage of the autotransformer via a diode bridge rectifier. 3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the heating conductor is provided with spectral LED connections throughout its length by means of special branch terminals without any internal power supply. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the step length of said branches in the heating conductor provides a voltage drop required for normal operation of the spectral LEDs.