LV14510B - Co-generative spectral lighting device for heating of greenhouse convolvulus - Google Patents

Co-generative spectral lighting device for heating of greenhouse convolvulus Download PDF

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Publication number
LV14510B
LV14510B LVP-12-04A LV120004A LV14510B LV 14510 B LV14510 B LV 14510B LV 120004 A LV120004 A LV 120004A LV 14510 B LV14510 B LV 14510B
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Latvia
Prior art keywords
heating
spectral
greenhouse
convolvulus
fluorescent
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LVP-12-04A
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Latvian (lv)
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LV14510A (en
Inventor
Jānis FRIDRIHSONS
Ina ALSIŅA
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Latvijas Lauksaimniecības Universitāte
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Priority to LVP-12-04A priority Critical patent/LV14510B/en
Publication of LV14510A publication Critical patent/LV14510A/en
Publication of LV14510B publication Critical patent/LV14510B/en

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention refers to agriculture and mainly can be used for complex local electrical heating of greenhouse convolvulus (cucumbers, tomatoes etc.) and spectral lighting. The aim is to improve device's constructive performance, to increase efficiency, to decrease prime-cost, to increase exploitation safety, and to gain economy of electrical energy. The offered device consists of wooden carcass construction supported by bars hammered into the soil. An isolated resistive electric heating cord fixing the convolvulus is fastened on said bars. It also serves as a local heating source. At the full length of heating cord are performed connections of special light diodes without the usage of any kind of internal feeding sources. These connections are performed by special brunch-industry clips made according to an IDC technology. A length of tapping step in the heating cord ensures its voltage drop for normal performance of spectral diodes. This is the way how manifests the co-generative impact of heating cords in the greenhouse convolvulus spectral lighting device. The device's exploitation safety increases due to the usage of voltage control of the heating cord and due to the device's automatic disconnection in the case of emergency.

Description

Izgudrojuma aprakstsDescription of the Invention

Izgudrojums attiecas uz lauksaimniecību un galvenokārt var tikt pielietots kompleksai siltumnīcu vīteņaugu (gurķi, tomāti u.c.) elektriskai apsildei un spektrālai apgaismošanai.The invention relates to agriculture and can be used mainly for complex electric heating and spectral illumination of greenhouse plants (cucumbers, tomatoes, etc.).

Zināmā tehnikas līmeņa analīzeAnalysis of prior art

Ir pazīstama siltumnīcu apsildes un elektriskās apgaismošanas iekārta [JIT. Jlpniņen ‘ΌφφεκτκΒΗ^ ΒπεκτρΗφηκΒρΗΒ 3auiHiņeHHoro rpyHTa”, M., “Kojioc”, 1980,208 c.], kurā augu apgaismošanai ir pielietotas luminiscences spuldzes, bet to apsilde tiek realizēta ar visas telpas kopīgu apkuri. Šai iekārtai ir sekojoši trūkumi:Greenhouse heating and electric lighting equipment is known [JIT. Jlpniņen 'ΌφφεκτκΒΗ ^ ΒπεκτρΗφηκΒρΗΒ 3auiHinheHHoro rpyHTa', M., Kojioc, 1980,208 c.], Which uses luminescent lamps to illuminate plants but is heated by common heating of the entire space. This equipment has the following disadvantages:

• luminiscences spuldžu induktīvajās balasta droselēs rodas lieli aktīvās jaudas zudumi (-20%) un tām ir zems dabīgais jaudas koeficients (cos(f>=0,5), kas reducējas uz palielinātu kopīgas elektroenerģijas patēriņu;• Luminous ballast inductive ballasts for fluorescent lamps have large losses of active power (-20%) and have a low natural power factor (cos (f> = 0.5), which is reduced to an increase in total power consumption;

• droseles reaktīvās jaudas kompensācijai ir nepieciešams pielietot speciālus kondensatorus, tādējādi papildus sadārdzinot gaismas ķenneni kopumā;• special capacitors must be used to compensate the reactive power of the throttle, thus making the light cubicle more expensive;

• visas kopīgās siltumnīcas telpas apsilde rada neracionālu energoresursu izlietojumu, jo tiek ģenerēts tāds siltuma daudzums, kāds tiešai augu attīstībai nemaz nav nepieciešams.• Heating the entire common greenhouse creates an irrational use of energy because it generates heat that is not needed for direct plant development.

Daļēji šos trūkumus novērš portatīvas siltumnīcas iekārta [J.Fridrihsons “Netradicionālas elektriskās apsildes un optiskā starojuma iekārtas”, Rīga, Pētergailis”, 1999, 70 lpp.], kas izvēlēta par prototipu. Šajā iekārtā ar noņemamu polietilēna plēves pārvalku metāliska karkasa augšdaļā ir novietots no leņķdzelža sametināts rāmis, kura augstumu ir iespējams regulēt ar fiksējamu ķēžu palīdzību. Rāmis satur luminiscences spuldzes un gaismu izstarojošas kvēlspuldzes. Karkasa vidusdaļā uz dēļu grīdas atrodas irdenas zemes vai substrāta slānis ar vertikāliem alumīnija kanāliem. Karkasa apakšējā noslēgtajā nodalījumā ir novietots perforēts plaukts, pie kura apakšējās malas ir piestiprinātas bezgaismas, tikai siltumu izstarojošas, kvēlspuldzes. Tāds režīms ir sasniedzams, ja kvēlspuldzes ekspluatē tumšo siltuma avotu režīmā, padodot tām pazeminātu spriegumu. Tomēr arī šai iekārtai bez analogā minētajiem vispārīgajiem trūkumiem raksturīgi vēl sekojoši būtiski trūkumi:Partially, these deficiencies are overcome by a portable greenhouse unit (J.Fridrichson, "Unconventional Electrical Heating and Optical Radiation Equipment," Riga, Peterburg, 1999, p. 70), which has been selected as a prototype. This machine has a removable polyethylene film cover at the top of the metal frame, which has an iron-welded frame, which can be adjusted with height-adjustable chains. The frame contains fluorescent lamps and light-emitting incandescent lamps. In the middle of the frame there is a loose earth or substrate layer with vertical aluminum channels on the plank floor. A perforated shelf is placed in the lower enclosed compartment of the carcass, to which light-emitting, heat-only incandescent bulbs are attached at the lower edges. This mode is achievable when incandescent bulbs are operated in dark heat source mode by supplying them with reduced voltage. However, in addition to the general drawbacks mentioned above, this equipment also has the following major drawbacks:

• tā kā bez luminiscences spuldzēm augu apgaismošanai tiek pielietotas arī neekonomiskās kvēlspuldzes, liels ir elektriskās enerģijas patēriņš;• As non-economical incandescent bulbs are used to illuminate plants in addition to fluorescent lamps, there is a high consumption of electrical energy.

• iekārtas konstruktīvais izpildījums ir stipri materiālietilpīgs un sarežģīts, kas sadārdzina tās izgatavošanas izmaksas.• the construction of the equipment is highly material and complex, which increases the cost of its manufacture.

Izgudrojuma mērķis un būtībaPurpose and substance of the invention

Izgudrojuma mērķis ir pilnveidot iekārtas konstruktīvo izpildījumu, paaugstināt efektivitāti, samazināt pašizmaksu, palielināt ekspluatācijas drošumu un iegūt elektroenerģijas ekonomiju. Šī mērķa sasniegšanai ir izveidota koģeneratīva siltumnīcu vīteņaugu spektrālā apgaismojuma iekārta (Fig.l) no koka karkasa konstrukcijas, uz kuras grunts slānī 12 iedzītajiem atbalsta stieņiem 6 ir nostiprināts vīteņaugus 7 fiksējošs izolēts rezistīvs elektriskais sildvads 8, kas vienlaicīgi kalpo arī kā lokāls siltuma avots. Sildvadam 8 visā tā garumā ir izdarīti spektrālo gaismas diožu 9 pieslēgumi bez jebkāda veida to iekšējo barošanas avotu pielietošanas. Pieslēgumi veikti pēc IDC (Insulation Displacement Connection) tehnoloģijas, kura paredz sildvada izolācijas apvalka pārgriešanu nozarspailēs 10. Nozarojošo vadu 11 soļa garums nodrošina normālai spektrālo gaismas diožu 9 darbībai nepieciešamo sprieguma kritumu sildvadā. Vajadzības gadījumā vienas spektralās spuldzes vietā var pielietot paralēlo slēgumu no vairākām gaismas diodēm vai to virknes slēgumu pie lielāka sprieguma krituma uz garāku pievienojuma soli.The object of the invention is to improve the design of the equipment, increase efficiency, reduce cost, increase operational reliability and achieve energy savings. To accomplish this, a cogeneration greenhouse spectral illumination apparatus (Fig. 1) is constructed of a wooden frame structure on which a supporting resistive heat conductor 8, which secures the cotyledons 7, is secured to the support rods 6 retained in the ground layer 12. The heating conductor 8 is connected throughout its length by spectral light emitting diodes 9 without any internal power supply. The connections are made using IDC (Insulation Displacement Connection) technology, which involves cutting the insulating shell of the heating conductor into branch rails 10. If necessary, instead of a single spectral lamp, a parallel circuit of several LEDs or a series of them can be used at a higher voltage drop to a longer connection step.

Iekārtas darbībaOperation of the equipment

Pie vienfāzes elektriskajam tīklam „A-N” pievienotā autotransformatora 1 pazeminātā sprieguma izejas caur testera 5 automātslēdzi 3 un ampermetru 4 pievienotais sildvads 8 ar diožu tilta taisngrieža 2 palīdzību saņem attiecīgi ieregulētas voltāžas iztaisnotu spriegumu. Pa rezistīvo sildvadu 8 plūstošā līdzstrāva rada Džoula siltumu, kuru izmanto tiešai augu lapotnes 7 apsildei. Vienlaicīgi sildvads 8 kalpo par elektriskās barošanas avotu spektrālajām gaismas diodēm 9, kuras savai darbībai izmanto tajā izsauktos aktīvos sprieguma zudumus pievienoto soļa garumā. Tādējādi izpaužas sildvada koģeneratīva iedarbe siltumnīcas vīteņaugu spektrālā apgaismojuma iekārtā.The low-voltage output of the auto-transformer 1 connected to the single-phase electric network "A-N" through the circuit breaker 3 of the tester 5 and the heating cable 8 connected to the ammeter 4 receives a rectified voltage of appropriately adjusted voltage. The direct current flowing through the resistive heating conductor 8 generates Joule heat, which is used for direct heating of the plant foliage 7. At the same time, the heating conductor 8 serves as an electric power supply for the spectral LEDs 9 which, for their operation, use the so-called active voltage drop across the connected step. This results in a cogeneration effect of the heating line in the spectral lighting system of the greenhouse creeping plants.

Atbilstoši optimālā temperatūras un augu apgaismošanas režīma prasībām sprieguma kritumu sildvados regulē ar autotransformatoru 1. Sildvadiem pieļaujamo strāvas stiprumu kontrolē ar ampermetru 4, bet avārijas gadījumā iekārta automātiski tiek atslēgta ar testerī 5 iemontēto automātslēdzi 3. Gadījumā, ja iekārta irpievienota pilnam fāzes spriegumam (220V) ar sildvada garumu, kura elektriskā pretestība nodroršina vajadzīgos sprieguma kritumus pieļaujamās strāvas robežās, autotransformatoru var nepielietot.The voltage drop across the heating lines is controlled by an autotransformer for optimum temperature and plant lighting conditions 1. The amperage of the heating lines is controlled by an ammeter 4, but in the event of an emergency, the unit is automatically switched off by a circuit breaker 3 in the tester. with a length of heating cable whose electrical resistance prevents the necessary voltage drops within the permissible current limits, the autotransformer may not be used.

Salīdzinot ar prototipu, izgudrojuma tehniskais risinājums nodrošina:Compared to the prototype, the technical solution of the invention provides:

• elektriskās enerģijas ekonomiju 40% apmērā, jo luminiscences spuldžu un enerģētiski neekonomisko kvēlspuldžu vietā ir pielietotas uzlabotas (bez iekšējiem barošanas avotiem) ekonomiskās spektrālās gaismas diodes;• 40% savings in electric energy due to the use of advanced (without internal power supply) economical spectral LEDs instead of fluorescent and non-energy saving incandescent lamps;

• kapitālo izdevumu samazināšanos 30% apmērā, jo ir vienkāršots iekārtas konstruktīvais izpildījums un nav nepieciešams izmantot luminiscences spuldzes un kvēlspuldzes;• a 30% reduction in capital expenditure due to the simplified design of the unit and the absence of fluorescent and incandescent lamps;

• iekārtas darbības efektivitātes paaugstināšanos par 45%, jo vienlaicīgi ir realizētas vīteņaugu fiksācijas (nostiprināšanas), to apsildes un spektrālās apgaismošanas funkcijas;• 45% increase in the efficiency of the equipment, because the functions of fixation, heating and spectral illumination of creepers are realized simultaneously;

• ekspluatācijas drošuma palielināšanos par 20%, jo ir pielietota sildvadu strāvas stipruma kontrole un iekārtas automātiska atslēgšana avārijas gadījumā• 20% increase in operational reliability due to heating current control and automatic shutdown in case of emergency

Claims (4)

PretenzijasClaims 1. Siltumnīcu vīteņaugu spektrālā apgaismojuma koģeneratīva iekārta, kura satur ar noņemamu polietilēna plēves pārvalku nosegtu karkasa konstrukciju, kurā ievietotie augi mākslīgo apgaismojumu iegūst no virs tiem piekarinātām luminiscences spuldzēm un gaismu izstarojošām kvēlspuldzēm, bet siltuma plūsmu saņem pa alumīnija cauruļveida kanāliem no zem substrāta slāņa novietotām, tumšo siltuma avotu režīmā strādājošām, kvēlspuldzēm, atšķirīga ar to, ka, ar mērķi pilnveidot konstruktīvo izpildījumu, paaugstināt efektivitāti, samazināt pašizmaksu, palielināt ekspluatācijas drošumu un iegūt elektroenerģijas ekonomiju, iekārtas karkasa konstrukcija ir izveidota no koka, uz kuras balststieņiem ir nostiprināts vīteņaugus fiksējošs izolēts elektriskais sildvads.1. A cogeneration unit for spectral illumination of greenhouse creepers, comprising a removable polyethylene film-framed structure in which the plants are artificially illuminated by fluorescent lamps suspended therefrom and by fluorescent fluorescent fluorescent fluorescent lamps, , diffused in incandescent bulbs operating in the dark heat mode, in that the frame structure of the machine is made of wood with support rods secured to support the design, increase efficiency, reduce cost, increase operational reliability and save energy. insulated electric heating pipe. 2. Iekārta saskaņā ar 1. punktu, kas atšķirīga ar to, ka elektriskais sildvads ir pievienots autotransformatora pazeminātajam spriegumam caur diožu tilta slēguma taisngriezi.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric heating line is connected to the reduced voltage of the autotransformer via a diode bridge rectifier. 3. Iekārta saskaņā ar 1. punktu, kas atšķirīga ar to, ka sildvadam visā tā garumā ar speciālu nozarojumu spaiļu palīdzību ir izdarīti spektrālo gaismas diožu pieslēgumi bez jebkāda veida to iekšējo barošanas avotu pielietošanas.3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the heating conductor is provided with spectral LED connections throughout its length by means of special branch terminals without any internal power supply. 4. Iekārta saskaņā ar 3. punktu, kas atšķirīga ar to, ka minēto nozarojumu soļa garums sildvadā nodrošina sprieguma kritumu, kas nepieciešams normālai spektrālo gaismas diožu darbībai.4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the step length of said branches in the heating conductor provides a voltage drop required for normal operation of the spectral LEDs.
LVP-12-04A 2012-01-11 2012-01-11 Co-generative spectral lighting device for heating of greenhouse convolvulus LV14510B (en)

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