LV14205B - Panels for assembly of multi-collapsible modular houses and method for the same purpose - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to the technological processes of construction of portable collapsible buildings. It can be used for erection of residential, agricultural and public buildings. The object of innovation: design alternatives for the dismountable modular house panels that are equipped with furniture, which joins the panels together for maximum space-saving while manufacturing the modular houses, folding/unfolding one group of panels against the other group of panels, as well as it provides quick mounting and dismounting of the modular houses. The module, when collapsed, forms a one-piece construction that can be stacked or put vertically for compact storage and transportation by any mode of transport. Modular house panels are made of wood, plastic or composite material frames. The innovation is intended for personal and economic use in order to ensure clients with necessary room space which afterwards can be easily dismounted in a compact way and transported to the other site. The use of modular houses ensures public with portable hotels, holiday camps and social housing. In the warfare or disaster areas civilians can be immediately provided with living-space by using these modular houses.

Description

The invention relates to technological processes for the construction of mobile prefabricated buildings. Its field of application is construction of residential, agricultural and public buildings.

Analysis of prior art

The technique of reconstructed sea containers is known, according to which the necessary quantities of containers are delivered to the object, assembled together, communications are made, and interior finishing works are carried out. Containers assembling several together require a volume building.

Specially designed portable metal frame houses are known, the frame is industrially made of metal frame, polypyrene insulated, and steel panels are used for its decoration.

There is a well-known method of industrial production of bulky modular elements, where the factory produces prefabricated parts of the building - rooms with built-in kitchen appliances and household appliances, with sewerage and utilities, with full finish and finished floors. Typically, a dwelling house consists of two or three such modules, which, once delivered to the site, are assembled on pre-prepared foundations.

There is a known technique for making houses from oversized wood panels. Usually one wall of a building is one panel, but not necessarily. The panel is pre-wired at the factory, fitted to windows and doors, and can be trimmed with trim panels and / or primed or painted.

A technique for making small panels is known. Small panels are manufactured on an automated production line. The resulting home element is easy to transport and install on site.

Known structures and mobile building techniques have several drawbacks:

(a) Container-type modules are not collapsible during transport and therefore occupy their entirety. The load-bearing construction of such modules shall have additional strength to ensure the rigidity of the module during transport vibrations;

(b) Prefabricated wooden panel or bulky module houses shall not allow multiple movements of buildings. They are brought to the site, assembled and ready to live. They are not industrially destined to be disassembled and transported to another facility;

(c) Container-type modules made of metal shall have poor soundproofing as any impact on the metal structure shall be echoed throughout the container or the whole container assembly when several modules are joined together;

d) For metal construction modules, the full thermal insulation requirements cannot be met because the metal is a good heat conductor. It forms a puncture bridge, sweats under changing conditions, and transmits a dew point inside the structure, which can cause sweating. Container manufacturers therefore use polymer and PVC materials that do not sweat but are environmentally friendly.

The object of the present invention is to provide an economically and technically effective method of assembling a removable modular home removable modular unit without the disadvantages mentioned above.

To achieve this goal, a prefabricated module is provided, consisting of: o floor panel, o end wall panels, o side wall panels, o roof panel, o fixture assembly and equipment that allows multiple module assembly.

The invention is set forth with respect to the panels according to claims 1-5 using the fittings listed in claim 6 and with respect to the module house kit according to claim 7. The home assembly method using the offered home template is set forth in claim 8, while the home disassembly method using the provided home template is set forth in claim 9.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

- Fig. 1 Module assembled, ready for long-term storage and / or transportation;

- Fig.2 Module having one end panel extended outward and ready for lifting in an upright position;

- Fig.3 A module with one end panel raised in an upright position and locked by latches (8);

- Fig.4 Module with both end panels raised in an upright position and the roof panel forks secured to the opening mechanism saddles in the end panel lift mechanism;

- Fig.5 Module with roof panel and side walls in half-raised position;

- Fig.6 Module fully retracted;

- Fig.7 Module open position end facade;

- Fig.8 Module open side facade;

- Fig.9 Module cross-section with roof panel in half-raised position;

- FIG. 10 Longitudinal rupture of the module through one end wall with the roof panel in the half-raised position; the opening shows the opening mechanism, which is mounted in two corners on each end panel;

- Fig. 1 Module opening mechanism saddles (13);

- FIG. 12 Module end wall swivel joint connection to floor panel sliding hinge;

FIG. 13 Module roof panel fork;

FIG. 14 Module end wall opening mechanism upper mount;

FIG. 15 Module end wall opening mechanism lower mount;

The following symbols are used in the drawings:

1-floor panel;

- side wall panel;

- roof panel;

- end wall panel;

- doors built into the end wall panel;

- a window built into the end wall panel;

- pivoting fastening of floor and end wall panel;

- locking device for vertical position of end wall panel, eg automatic locking device;

- openings in the module floor panel where the actuator lever is located when the end wall panel is in an upright position;

- a slot in the floor panel for the forks of the truck;

- Module Closure Panel Interlocking Clamp;

- pivoting side wall panel with floor and roof panel;

- lifting saddle for the opening panel on the end wall panel;

- four forks built into the roof panel, each with its own corners facing the end wall panels;

- a gearwheel for the end wall panel opening mechanism fixed to a threaded rod for which it is possible to mount a chain gear by synchronizing the movement of both threaded rods;

- Conical ball bearing with unidirectional compression strength;

- lower attachment plate for the folding mechanism;

- an opening nut for mounting the wrench and rotating the wrench (20) and vertical movement of the lifting caliper (13);

- upper attachment of the opening mechanism;

- rotating part of the opening mechanism, drawbar with a total of four pieces per module.

All proposed panel construction variants as defined in claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, when selecting a panel of one or another design, the panel is provided at its ends and sides with fittings for interlocking and folding the panels one to one. each other. They can be made, for example, as traditional wood frame or steel construction panels, where thermal insulation is installed between the frame posts, such as polystyrene foam, rock wool, mineral wool, eco wool, sterilized peat, lime and particle board. For interior and exterior finishes, any sheet material can be used which is secured to the frame. For example, plywood, oriented chipboard, gypsum board, finishing boards, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) panels, profiled steel sheets can be used for finishing.

The panel construction can also be made as a solid monolithic slab, including solid wood cellular or cardboard cellular panels manufactured using, for example, HAAS HOLZINDUSTRIE technology. In this case, there is no need for heat insulation materials and interior and exterior finishes separately, as the board contains all of these materials together, as well as closed air gaps between them, which serve as heat insulation layers.

The panels are factory-fitted for windows, doors and planned communications.

The panels are reinforced with each other to produce a module house kit according to claim 7.

The proposed modular house assembly method is characterized by first making a workpiece that is transported to the site and extending the modular house on site.

When assembled, the module is a one-piece impact-resistant structure that can be moved horizontally and vertically. The module is shipped to the facility in an assembled form, removed from transport and positioned where it is intended to be deployed.

In the first step of expanding the module, the end wall (4) of the module is extended as much as twice the thickness of the side wall panels plus the thickness of the roof panel. As the thickness of the structure changes, the extension distance changes. This end panel is pushed outward by the physical assistance of two adults, controlled and guided by a pivoting joint (7) with a sliding bar inside the panel.

In the second phase of the expansion of the module, the end panels are lifted upright by the physical work of two adults. First, lift one panel, then the other. The panel locks automatically in an upright position thanks to a built-in automatic locking mechanism (8). In order to fold the end panel back into a horizontal position, the latch must be released from its locking position by means of a lever.

In the third stage of module expansion, the roof panel (3) is lifted simultaneously and the side walls (2) are straightened. The end walls have a prefabricated module expansion mechanism, which is actuated by turning a lever located in the corners of the floor panel (9).

Turning the lever gives rotational movement to the lifting rod (20) on which the saddles (13) are mounted, which move vertically up or down as they slide along the guides. The saddles are fitted with roof panel forks (14), so that the roof panel is raised by rotating the threaded bar and at the same time the side walls of the module expand.

The lever used to perform the third stage may be mounted on the panel expanding mechanism, or it may be mounted from the outside only for lifting. A commercially available electric or pneumatic screw gun may be used instead of the lever. The swivel levers on the expansion mechanism are located on both end panels and lifting must be done simultaneously and synchronously with both levers. The levers are fastened to the underside of the end wall panel on one side or the other because the two integrated threaded rods in the end wall panel are interconnected by a chain gear.

The side wall (2) is divided into two parts. As the roof panel rises, it folds and straightens. The side walls with the floor panel and the ceiling panel are secured to one another by means of a swivel bracket (12). When the side walls are open and the roof panel is raised to its maximum height, the roof panel automatically locks to its intended height. The final step is to mount the brackets inside the module. The brackets of the module must be provided with the brackets. The supports are mounted centrally to the side wall in an upright position. This provides additional rigidity to the module during its lifetime.

The panels and modular house kits described in this invention can be manufactured industrially in a large joinery factory or in a small carpentry workshop. The load-bearing structures of the module can be made of wood, metal, such as steel or duralumin, profiles or other composite, load-bearing materials. Plywood, chipboard, half-or full-blade finishing boards, steel profiled sheets can be used for external and internal finishing. It is possible to make sidewalls and roofs without a load-bearing structure using prefabricated polyurethane and / or stone wool wall panels and / or solid wood cellular panels.

All types of finishing and paneling materials and panels can be used to finish the home module. The color tone is not limited.

The module can be equipped with single or double doors on both end walls. The windows in the end walls can be built at full height or with a window sill at the desired height. Window panes have limitations - they should be no wider than 0.5m and no higher than lm, so that the packet-type glass does not break during transportation from bending due to its own weight. If the window glass is used with a selective glass that is resistant to vibrations during transport, full-size windows can be built. Windows in side folding walls can be built from floor to center of the wall - the folding area - and from the middle of the wall to the ceiling.

The module can be equipped with a flat, single-pitched or double-pitched roof. Rolling bitumen, tin or polycarbonate can be used as roofing material.

If the module is locked, it is technically possible to make the room without side walls in order to expand the space, in which case the side panel must have wooden posts at center hinges, which straighten as the module opens. To increase strength, the posts can be mounted as full-size posts after opening the module.

The modular house is immediately ready to live after its workpiece has been expanded and the furniture has been installed.

The invention may be used:

o camps for children, youth and adults, various sports games or competition venues where there is a large influx of people, but not enough accommodation, o mobile camping, o camping fitting, o municipal housing fitting, fast moving fitting module houses and their erection to build social housing complexes, o natural disaster relief and disaster relief, assistance to the population and temporary accommodation by building modular housing blocks, o warfare in devastated areas where people are homeless and in tents, to provide civilians with a minimum of living space in these or similar types of situations, by transporting modular homes in a rational and expeditious manner, installing and relocating them, o organizing refugee accommodation, o humanitarian and long o to provide a mission to third world countries, o to build migrant workers' accommodation, o to provide hotel staff for missions, if the company is engaged in construction or other services, with regular change of location and is needed for staff on mission, o expedition the establishment of base stations for scientists and enthusiasts, and the development of fast and easy-to-deploy base stations, o in agriculture such as bee houses, etc. o Quick assembly of apartment houses, single family bungalows or houses.

Ί

As can be seen, the proposed modular house construction method can be widely used in the construction of buildings of various significance. For each application a separate solution can be developed for home decoration and layout with the necessary technical data.

Sources of information:

¹ http://www.containercity.com/ ² http://via-s.lv/public/ ³ http://www.prefabs.com/PrefabHomes/MichelleKaufmannDesigns/mkSolaire.htm ⁴ http: //www.wood house .com / index.php ⁵ http://www.omatalo.com/index.php

Claims

Claims (9)

1. Wood based panel for prefabricated module house prefabricated panel assembly and rapid assembly / disassembly, comprising: - load-bearing frame in the form of a wooden grid, - thermal insulation material filled between wooden grates, such as: polystyrene foam, rock wool, mineral wool, eco-wool, a mixture of sterilized peat, shavings and lime, - exterior finishing layers, such as: plywood, oriented strand board, finishing boards, profiled steel sheets, - interior finishing layers such as: gypsum board, plywood, finishing boards, profiled steel sheets, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) panels, - windows and doors, - fittings that allow controlled insertion of panels into the module house assembly process and the module house assembly / denion assembly process, - engineering communications, such as wiring, plumbing, sewerage, are characterized by the fact that the panel at the ends and sides is equipped with fittings for fastening and folding / unfolding the panels relative to each other. 2. A panel based on steel profiles for prefabricated prefabricated house assembly and rapid assembly / dismantling of prefabricated housing, comprising: - load-bearing framework in the form of a lightweight steel grid, - thermal insulation material filled between steel grids, such as: polystyrene foam, rock wool, mineral wool, eco-wool, a mixture of sterilized peat, particleboard and lime, - exterior finishing layers, such as: plywood, oriented strand board, finishing boards, profiled steel sheets, - interior finishing layers such as: plasterboard, plywood, finishing boards, profiled steel sheets, PVC panels, - windows and doors, - fittings that allow controlled insertion of panels into the module house prefabricated process as well as the module house assembly / dismantling process, - engineering communications, such as wiring, plumbing, sewerage, are characterized by the fact that the panel at the ends and sides is equipped with fittings for fastening and folding / unfolding the panels relative to each other. 3. Panel based on composite fiberglass and plastic profiles for prefabricated module house prefabricated panel assembly and rapid assembly / dismantling of the module house, comprising: - load-bearing fiberglass and plastic lattice support, - thermal insulation material filled between fiberglass and plastic gratings, such as: polystyrene foam, rock wool, mineral wool, eco wool, a mixture of sterilized peat, shavings and lime, - exterior finishing layers, such as: plywood, oriented strand board, finishing boards, profiled steel sheets, - interior finishing layers such as: plasterboard, plywood, finishing boards, profiled steel sheets, PVC panels, - windows and doors, - fittings that allow controlled insertion of panels into the module house prefabricated process as well as the module house assembly / dismantling process, - engineering communications, such as: wiring, plumbing, sewerage, characterized in that at the ends and sides are fitted with fittings for fastening and folding / unfolding panels in relation to one another. 4. Solid wood cellular panel, manufactured, for example, by HAAS HOLZINDUSTRIE technology and designed for prefabricated module house assembly and rapid assembly / dismantling of module houses, containing: - solid porous solid wood sheets with internal and external finishing layers and thermal insulation such as: solid air between solid wood cells, thinned air, vacuum, - windows and doors, - fittings that allow controlled insertion of panels into the module house prefabricated process as well as the module house assembly / dismantling process, - engineering communications, such as: wiring, plumbing, sewerage, characterized in that the panel at the ends and sides is equipped with fittings for fastening and folding / unfolding the panels relative to each other. 5. Panel based cellular sheet based panel for prefabricated module house assembly and rapid assembly / dismantling of module house, containing: - one-piece cardboard cellular sheets with internal and external finishing layers and thermal insulation, such as: still air between cardboard cells, thinned air, vacuum, - windows and doors, - fittings that allow controlled insertion of panels into the module house prefabricated process as well as the module house assembly / dismantling process, - engineering communications, such as: wiring, plumbing, sewerage, characterized in that the panel at the ends and sides is equipped with fittings for fastening and folding / unfolding the panels relative to each other. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said fittings for the production of the module house and the assembly / dismantling of the module house are selected from the group: - clamping clamp of module panels in their fixed position, - swivel mount for side wall panel with floor and roof panel, - articulated attachment for floor and end wall panel with one articulated attachment edge and the other attachment edge on the slide bar. - locking device for vertical position of end panel, - roof panel fork, - thread, - lifting nut - saddle, - gear wheel, - conical bearing, - upper attachment of threaded rod, - lower attachment for threaded rod, - the lower fixed nut of the threaded rod. A module house kit comprising the required number of panels manufactured according to any of the preceding claims and interconnected as follows: - the floor panel is secured to the side-wall panels by means of articulated attachments, - the floor panel is fixed together with the end wall panels by means of articulated attachments, - the lower parts of the side wall panels are secured to the upper parts of the side wall panels by means of articulated attachments, - the roof panel is secured to the side panels by means of articulated attachments, - both end-wall panels are fitted with a roof panel lift mechanism, - both end-wall panels are fitted with roof panel elevators, -the roof panel is fitted with at least four forks, with each of these panels placed horizontally on top of each other in a maximum compact position for transport from the factory to the construction site. 8. A method of assembling a modular home using a preform according to claim 7, characterized in that the following steps are performed sequentially: - the workpiece is delivered to the construction site, - the workpiece is lifted out of the transport and placed in its designated position by means of a forklift truck or crane, - the workpiece is placed on at least four pre-installed supports, - remove the clips on the workpiece, - the wall at one end and then the other end is pushed out, - the wall at one end and then the other end is lifted upright, - by actuating two lifting / lowering mechanisms simultaneously mounted on both end wall panels, lifting the roof panel and simultaneously flipping the side walls, -the roof panel is locked in the highest possible position, - brings in two wooden beams in the module and fixes them centrally in a vertical position with respect to the side walls, - the module is added to the communications foreseen. A method of dismantling a prefabricated module house by transforming it back into a workpiece according to claim 7, characterized in that the following steps are performed sequentially: - remove all furniture from the home module, - disconnects the module from all connected communications, - close the windows and doors of the module, - inside the module, dismantle wooden beams fixed to the walls in an upright position, - release the module roof panel latches in the raised position, - by operating the two lifting / lowering mechanisms simultaneously mounted on both end panels, lower the module roof panel and fold its side walls at the same time, - release the latches of the vertical position of the module's end walls, - the end walls of the module are folded horizontally, - the end walls of the module are moved from the outside to the center until they occupy the position of the transport position, - transport terminals are attached to the module, - releasing the module from the foundations of the house, which results in the module being returned in the form of a blank according to claim 7, ready to be parked on the vehicle and transported to another required location.