LV13501B - Mobile unit for production of biodiesel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention refers to the alternative power engineering, exactly for producing biodiesel and it can be used for operation of co-generators, which create heat and electric energy as well as for operation of tractor engineering and diesel engines. The mobil device for producing biodiesel consists of electric generator 11, electric distribur 13, oil seed leading mechanism 1, oil press 2, seed-case storage 3, oil filter 4, oil tank 5, reactor 6, accelerator and reagent mixture tank 7 catalyst and by-product mixture storage 8, biodiesel tank 9 and biodiesel send-off system 12 and in addition is supplied with electric generator oil tank 18, which is connected with biodiesel tank 9 and electric generator 11, which produces electricity for all mobile mechanisms of device for operation of motor and for industry and services.

Description

MOBILE MODULE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIOLOGICAL DIESEL

The invention relates to alternative energy, in particular to the production of alternative diesel fuel, which can be used for the operation of cogeneration units for the production of thermal and electric energy and for the operation of tractor and transport diesel engines. Currently, petroleum-derived fossil diesel is used for this purpose.

There is a known technology for the production of biodiesel from vegetable oil, such as rapeseed, sunflower and others, in the presence of a catalyst for methyl or ethyl alcohol (Symposium "Alternative Energy in Latvia", Proceedings, - Jelgava, LLU, 1999, pp. 13-14). 35-38). The methyl or ethyl esters of the higher fatty acids obtained are used as biodiesel. This technological process releases the by-product glycerin.

The technological process for obtaining the methyl or ethyl ester proceeds as follows: the vegetable oil is filled into a tank, from where it is fed to the reactor for the transesterification reaction, whereupon the catalyst or methyl or ethyl alcohol is dissolved in the reactor. The reactor operates a mechanical stirrer and undergoes a chemical reaction. When the cycle described is completed, the product obtained is fed to a settling tank where glycerol is released. After this process, the settled glycerol is discharged into a by-product tank, and the methyl or ethyl ester is discharged into a tank from which the biodiesel produced is fed to a storage tank through a special filter to separate the glycerol residues.

As can be seen, the traditional method of producing biodiesel is relatively complex and long lasting. Also, biodiesel yields only about 94% of the vegetable oil involved in the reaction. These stationary diesel-fueled plant, which feeds on the feedstock, cannot be moved and cannot work in the field, bringing the plant directly adjacent to the source of the feedstock, an oil plant (e.g. rape). Transport costs for the supply of raw materials are high.

The objects of the invention are:

- ensuring the energy independence of the module user;

- the possibility for each individual vehicle, independently of the petroleum product supply system, to supply itself with locally sourced fuel

-2 raw materials by inserting the fuel production module into the vehicle's cargo box or trailer;

- the possibility of rapid relocation of the plant to the site close to the place where the raw material is obtained;

- Enhancement of the environmental purity achieved through the introduction of zero waste technology, both by-products are 100% collected and disposed of

- Simplification of diesel production technology and at the same time reduction of equipment costs by increasing production through multiplication of modules;

- the possibility of producing large quantities of diesel fuel through the multiplication of modules;

- extending the functions of fuel manufacturers to enable the simultaneous production of fuel, feed and organic cosmetic raw materials;

- Reduction of production resources, thereby reducing the cost price of fuel produced by eliminating transport costs for the delivery of raw materials to the reactor, as the reactor is delivered in the immediate vicinity of the raw materials;

- use of the module as an autonomous power source for industrial and household appliances.

The present invention accomplishes this objective by providing a mobile biodiesel production module comprising an electric generator, a modular electrical distributor, an oil seed delivery mechanism, an oil press, a dry residue (jet, cake) collector, an oil filter, an oil tank, a reactor, a catalyst / reagent mixture tank, a spent catalyst / by-product mixture collector, a diesel tank and a diesel exhaust system, additionally equipped with an electric generator fuel tank connected to an obtained diesel fuel tank and an electric generator for generating all module and motor power household consumers.

The invention is explained by a drawing which schematically depicts the object of the invention.

The mobile diesel generator module consists of: oilseeds feed mechanism (1), oil press (2), dry seed (jet, cake) collector (3), oil filter (4), oil tank (5), reactor ( 6), the electricity produced by the module and the reagent mixture tank (7), the spent catalyst and the by-product mixer (8), the diesel tank (9), the electric generator fuel tank (10), the electric generator (11), the diesel fuel outlet system (12) splitter for connecting industrial and household consumers to an autonomous power source (module) (13).

The module is operated as follows:

dry oilseeds are fed directly from the field (harvester) or from the seed dryer via the oilseeds feed mechanism (1) into the oil press (2). The squeezer (2) extracts the oil from the seed and drains the dry residue to the dry residue (sputter, cake) collector (3). The compressed oil then passes through the inlet pipe to the oil filter (4). The oil filter mechanically removes tiny particles of impurities that remain on the filter while the purified oil enters the oil collection tank (5). The refined oil is stored there until the reactor (6) has the required operating volume, which is normally 50-200 liters per run. When the minimum amount of oil has accumulated in the collection tank (5), the oil is pumped to the reactor (6) by natural drainage (self-discharge) (the collection tank (5) is slightly higher than the reactor) or by hand or electric pump. In the reactor (6), a mixture of catalyst and reagent is introduced from the catalyst and reagent mixture vessel (7) through a tube. A mixture of sodium hydroxide and methanol is commonly used, but methanol may also be used. The composition of the mixture usually does not exceed 10-15% by volume of the oil. After the addition of the catalyst mixture, the esterification reaction proceeds for one hour, but if the pressure and temperature are increased, the reaction takes place within 10 minutes. When the reaction is complete, the mixture of glycerol byproduct (about 10% of the total volume) and spent catalyst is transferred to a recovery tank (8) of spent catalyst and by-product mixture, and the resulting diesel (fatty acid methyl esters) is discharged to a diesel tank (9). % of the volume is discharged to the generator's fuel tank (10), and the remainder of the product (pure diesel) to the machinery (harvesters, tractors, module itself). The diesel fuel is a diesel engine of an electric generator (11) which generates electricity to power all mobile unit motors (pressurized (2) electric motor, filter (4) electric motor, reactor (6) agitator electric motor and auxiliary (mainly pump) electric motors up to 2 -3 if no run-off or hand pumps are used).

The solid, thick, curved arrows indicate the flow of oil to the reactor (6) and the flow of oil-derived diesel after the reaction in the reactor.

-4A continuous arrow line with an arrow indicates a shallow flow of dry residue (jets, cakes) from the press (2) to the pick-up (3).

The dashed arrows indicate the flow of reagent and catalyst mixture from the catalyst and reagent mixture vessel (7) to the reactor (6) and the spent catalyst mixture with the by-products (glycerol) from the reactor (6) to the spent catalyst and by-product mixture collector (8).

The straight dashed arrows indicate the electrical connections from the generator (11) for operating the electric motors on the oil press (2), the oil filter (4), and the reactor (6).

Claims (1)

Claim 1. A mobile biodiesel production module comprising an electric generator, a module power distributor, an oil seed feed mechanism, an oil press, a dry residue (spur, cake) collector, an oil filter, an oil tank, a reactor, a catalyst and reagent tank, a spent catalyst and by-product mixture collector, a diesel fuel tank, and a diesel fuel exhaust system, characterized in that the additional module is provided with an electric generator fuel tank coupled to an acquired diesel fuel tank and an electric generator that generates electric motors for and household consumers.