LV13403B - Modular bloks of composite materials, method for their production and emploiment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention refers to the manufacturing by means of extrusion of profiled composite bricks and panels, which can be used not only like pallets for goods disposal, storage or transporting, but also as panel for walls and/or ceilings finish. At that, it is possible to create various compositions of polymer materials and fibres to achieve different variants of the product design in combination with desired shape stability and mechanical properties. The proposed technique is defined by the fact that the product bulk structure, which in some parts can be made with cavities, filled with air, concrete, reinforced concrete or some other material, like for example, heat insulating foamed polyurethane is made in a continuous flow by the technology of polymer extrusion or co-extrusion, combined with long plane cutting in certain length panels and, if necessary, followed with other post processing operations, for example lengthwise milling. The obtained composite bricks or panel structure or their elements represent multilayered composite, consisting of two or more different layers with distinct interface - base (outer layer of base structure) and at least one finish layer laid on during the plate manufacturing process by co-extrusion technology, which use combination of several split type dies or by separate elements extrusion and following insertion of elements into the cavities od boby structure in the assembling process.

Description

Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to the manufacture of modular blocks made of composite materials intended primarily for use as building panels / panels / for walls, ceilings and / or floors, but also as stackable pallets for placement, storage and transportation of goods.

There are various forms, structures (Fig. 1), and methods of making pallet pallets and pallets of material (see, e.g., http://www.globalspec.com and http://www.tnt.com) using keywords: Material Handling / Packaging Equipment;

Pallets) in the form of low-rise platforms / pallets, manufactured by a variety of techniques, including extrusion, and designed for the secure positioning and locking of a wide variety of shapes to form a transportable load unit with forklift trucks loaded / unloaded , as well as mobile lifting equipment such as truck-mounted winches, articulated cranes, bridge cranes, etc.

It is cost effective to use extruded pallets made of high density polyethylene because of their high temperature, frost, humidity, chemical and impact resistance, and international standards for the transportation and storage of food and household goods, as well as pharmaceutical, horticultural products, meat products, etc for transport, storage and display in showrooms and / or refrigerators, as they are aesthetically and hygienically satisfying to the customer, are ventilated and can be easily varied in color and markings, eg bar code, company logo. However, it should be noted that all types of extruded pallet technology are only applicable to the individual parts thereof and not to the pallet as an integral structure.

Techniques for making pallets and / or pallets using polymers or organic fiber-filled polymers or organic fiber-containing polymer composite compositions and extruding by means of thermoforming are used to produce sheet or sheet products separately and to form pallet substrates. which are then fastened together. By their nature, pallets / shields of this design are analogous to floor shields, the cover layer of which is extruded from a composition of polymers and organic fibers, but none of the known plastic pallet trim elements and their extrusion techniques provide structural elements for their self-locking during installation. , groove / groove and groove in its or other shape.

Extrusion is a widespread method of thermal plasticization of polymeric materials (plastics, rubber composites, etc.) and of semi-finished or finished profiled products by extrusion of a monomolecular material through a defined configuration of a die. Extrusion is a continuous high-throughput process for the production of sheet, pipe, hollow and other material, such as insulation of electric wires and cables.

Modular building blocks with internal cavities of one or other shape containing extruded components are known (U.S. Pat. No. 6,295,778; SKI ⁷ E04B2 / 46) from which they can be joined together to form, for example, a load-bearing wall, partition. , roof, etc. constructions. Some of the building blocks proposed in this patent and the ways to connect them are shown in Fig. 2. Blocks with horizontally oriented longitudinal axes (Fig. 2A) are stackable over one another using at least one recess and corresponding number of receptacles and protrusion in the contact surface area. Blocks with vertically oriented longitudinal axes (Fig.2B) are stackable side by side using the recesses and protrusions formed in the side contact area, by sliding one block protrusion into the corresponding adjacent block cavity, or by special fastening panels, which may also be extruded, and pushing them into the corresponding channels in adjacent blocks.

It is known (U.S. Patent No. 5,738,924; SKI ⁶ B32B3 / 12) a three-layer sandwich construction material containing:

- external facing layers selected from the group: plywood, fibreboard, particle board (also with finishing layers), mineral board, wood deck, synthetic resin, plasticised cement, cement in combination with wire mesh, laminate (laminate) or any combination thereof;

- an inner core layer extending between each of said outer covering layers, supported by a common openwork dog-shaped structure.

The inner core layer comprises either longitudinally spaced core elements formed, for example, by a corrugated polymer sheet (Fig. 2A), such as a fiberglass sheet, a corrugated laminate sheet based on a wood-based resin-based wood fiber. In another embodiment (Fig. 2B), the shank core elements are arranged such that their walls are arranged substantially perpendicular to each of said cover layers and form a tubular structure, wherein at the opposite ends the core members are disposed in one plane and contacting the inner surface of at least one cover layer.

U.S. Patent No. 2001047741 (SKI C04B16 / 02, 18/06, 38/00) describes a low-density inorganic fiber-cement construction material (volcanic ash, hollow ceramic microspheres, etc.) for a cement-based cellulose fiber reinforced cementitious material. The advantages of building materials of such a composition are low weight and low density, low moisture expansion, as well as thermal stability and resistance to freezing / thawing. An analogous composition material is described in U.S. Patent US2004107873 (MKI C04B14 / 48, 16/00, 22/04), containing from 0.5% to 1.5% by volume of braided steel strip / wire and at least one type of organic fiber with a content of 2,5% or less. This material provides high product performance (tensile and compressive load and increased performance under operating conditions).

The technology for making fiber-cement composite materials filled with inorganic and / or organic materials is described in U.S. Patent US2004139891 (SKI B28B3 / 00; C04B7 / 00, 16/00. 16/02; C04B24 / 00), covering 4 aspects of the technology: cellulose fiber treatment; forming a composition by blending cellulose fibers with other ingredients: forming the product in green; curing the formed product. This technology provides cement building materials with desirable properties: reduced moisture absorption, water migration and permeability, as well as providing the final product with freeze-thaw resistance, chemical resistance and fire resistance and resistance to fungal and bacterial exposure by incorporating biocidal fiber pulp into the composition. and flame retardants.

A process for the preparation of a composite layer 5 based on a hydraulic cement paste for the production of an insulating layer with high insulating properties, obtained by the reaction of water with, for example, Portland cement, is described in US Patent No. 5641584 (SK.I B32B13 / 00;

C04B14 / 00) in combination with rheological modifying agents of the formulation, such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, and lightweight auxiliary materials which are incorporated in said cementitious formulation. In addition, fibrous materials may be incorporated into the formulation to increase the strength of the final product, and to form the formulation, discrete, non-agglomerated voids may be introduced to reduce the density of the final product and increase its insulating capacity.

Techniques for forming a foam barrier layer consisting of foamed adhesive material and fibrous barrier material on any surface such as wood, metal, stone, masonry, concrete, etc. are described in several patents, including U.S. Patent No. 5421922 (SKI B32B5 / a6, 5 / 20; E04F13 / 12, 13/16). The technique provides the ability to spray / inflate the insulating material onto said viscosity and hold it in the required position without any aids, using only the adhesive force of the molding compound to the surface. The properties of the applied insulating layer (tensile and compressive strength, desired color and texture, etc.) are adjusted by selecting the desired ratio of adhesive to insulating particle size of the composition mixture, with addition of flame retardants, dyes, fungicides, etc. additives.

Monoblock construction structures, techniques and equipment for their extrusion are described in U.S. Patent No. 6,035,583 (SKI E04B1 / 348; E04C2 / 34; E04B1 / 12), including sidewalls, roof and floor structures containing the necessary assembly, mounting and transporting equipment. various protrusions, flanges, etc. integral elements of the basic structure. The extruded secondary elements, when extruded and cut to length, are configured to align with the main extruded elements and to quickly assemble an integral, interior and exterior laminate, a structural construction where said laminate layers are structured. polymers bonded together with rigid foam. Such extruded building monoblocks can be attached to the building structure to form, for example, a built-in garage or a closed passage between the building bodies.

The object of the invention is to use modern plastic extrusion technologies, materials and equipment, such as one-step technologies and equipment developed by P + S TECHNIK, TNT, GLOBAL SPEC, for the production of multi-purpose molded structural elements for monoblock modular building blocks. / panel assembly, eg floor, wall or ceiling paneling using compound materials (natural fibers - linen, cotton, hemp, etc.) and thermoplastic compounds (monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric compositions) in place of binder and thus expanding the recycling of polymeric materials as well as reducing nature's pollution by polymeric materials, which are not biodegradable in themselves.

The subject matter of the invention, using known plastic extrusion equipment and technology for making said composite blocks, is set forth in claims 1 to 8 of the invention formula. Various variants of composite blocks and panels made according to claim 1 using any of the compositions according to claim 7 are shown in Figures 3 to 7. Various variants of said finishing panels made according to formulas 5 and 6 and specifically designed for floors are shown in Figs. 8 and 9. The use of the proposed composite blocks is defined in paragraphs 9 and 10 of the formula of the invention.

Both variants of the proposed extrusion method of composite blocks and panels, by the term panel meaning wall, floor and / or ceiling finishing panels (see formula points 1 to 4 and 8), are characterized in that they are adapted for the production in the stream of floor, wall or ceiling finish panels using known plastic extrusion technologies and

- as a raw material for the extrusion of compositions where cellulose and / or vegetable fibers are combined with synthetic polymeric fibers and / or granules, using as a starting material both thermosetting plastics and a variety of polymeric recycled product and fiber compositions;

- using multi-part interlocking fillets, thereby providing varied product design variants with the desired structural formability and strength properties, whereby individual areas of the extruded panels may be formed by voids filled with air or other material such as foam polyurethane or coextrusion. covered with some other finishing material on the road;

- forming the spatial structure of the article as a single article in a continuous flow by means of plastic extrusion technology, combining it with partitioning operations of the resultant product into individual fixed-length panels and, if necessary, post-milling operations of the resulting panels;

- using high capacity extrusion equipment, such as production lines offered by P + S TECHNIK, TNT, GLOBAL SPEC, it is possible to achieve significant production speeds where one production line can produce one container left in 25-30 seconds, which is significantly faster than any known technology for the production of bulk pallets;

- the resulting panels are easily variable in length and all production residues are reused, so the proposed technique is zero-waste technology.

The proposed process of extruding modular composite building blocks and composite panels using raw materials of various compositions of polymeric materials and fibers used in construction, as opposed to those of reinforced concrete products with complex spatial structures, is further characterized by the fact that (see formulas) 2, 5 and 6):

- profiled composite blocks are created, which allow their ducts to be reinforced and / or filled with concrete after installation, and / or to provide thermal insulation, offering two possible thermal insulation layer options: firstly extruding the thermal insulation layer and using it in the assembly process inserting it into a specially formed cavity by extruding it; the second is to coextrude the thermal insulation layer with the unit itself;

- profiled panels are provided, which allow for the installation of space heating at any time after their installation, as well as the possibility to pull the electrical wiring anywhere under the slabs, as well as securing screwless and nil profile panels without the need for auxiliary tools;

- floor panels for forming thermosetting organic fiber composition, eg of flax or other fiberglass fu.3. Are k <) kd SKSKid ίΙΩ polymeric binders of organic or inorganic origin, in addition, but not necessarily, the following starting materials: starch as auxiliary binder. the function of which is to absorb moisture in organic fibers; dyes as well as plasticizers to give the composition and finished product the necessary properties, such as hue, without the need for dyeing after assembly.

The constructional features of the proposed composite blocks and pallets allow the use of extrusion and / or coextrusion technologies and, where appropriate, milling for the fabrication of their load-bearing and / or thermo-insulating elements. Materials Required: 1) Compositions of organic and / or inorganic fibers with plastics, including organic plastics, eg "FASALEX"; 2) thermo-insulating materials, such as 6080% organic fiber-filled polyurethane foam or eco-wool, which is filled into blocks after assembly; 3) concrete as a reinforcing material for filling voids, eg with fiber admixtures; 4) metal fittings, whether or not in which the presence of thermal insulation, concrete and fittings is not always mandatory. Finishing composite blocks does not require plaster and production technology is waste-free texnology.

A description of the attached images and the markings used

The accompanying drawings outline a number of embodiments of the invention, wherein the choice of starting material composition according to claim 7 is limited only by the requirements regarding the strength and stability properties of the resulting composite material in dependence of operating load and ambient humidity and temperature variations.

FIG. Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 show several variants of the construction of the extruded panels, which can be used both as pallets and as finishing panels, from the end, where: 1 - supports in the transverse direction of the panel, which can be of various shapes; 2 - milling in the transverse direction of the supports 1; 3 - milling on panel deck 5 for securing the cargo strap; 4 grooves in the longitudinal direction of the support elements 1 for inserting the profile fixing elements of the panels; 5 - panel deck; 6 - additional elements for interconnecting panels; 7 - Possible panel sawing locations for narrower panels.

The panels shown in Fig.6 are also used in construction as floor elements. The solution differs in that there are no milling on the sides of the panel and the additional element (s) 6 are used for the mutual fixing of the extruded profiles.

The panels shown in Fig.7 are also used in construction as wall elements. The solution is characterized in that the panels have grooves 4 on the sides and auxiliary elements 6 are used for mutual fixing of the extruded profiles, whereby the panels are placed vertically in relation to the ground.

FIG. 8A shows an extruded hollow profile panel for use as a floor panel, wherein: 8 is a longitudinal groove recess adjacent to the panel / board for securing; 9 - longitudinal projection on the side wall of the panel, which is also formed by extrusion of the panel itself as a one-piece structure and which, during the floor assembly process, secures the adjacent panel / board as a result of their interconnection; 10 - thermal or acoustic insulation layer.

Fig.SB illustrates a method of interconnecting the panels shown in Fig.SA, which provides for the interconnection of screwless and bottomless profile panels.

Fig. 9 shows a cross-section of a wall assembled from two composite blocks obtained, for example, by using a mixture of 20% polypropylene and 80% additive to form a frame, and using a mixture of 15% polyurethane and 80-85 to form a filler mixture. % organic or inorganic fibers, where: 2 - channels in the outer wall area; 3 and 4 - block element interconnection unit, 5 - channel for placement of reinforcing elements / reinforcement / and filler.

Fig. 10 shows a composite block obtained by extrusion and sawing longitudinally along a given milling line to obtain the building composite block shown in Fig. B and the pallet shown in Fig. C, where Fig. B additionally utilizes a thermal insulating element 7, obtained by extrusion as a single element and, after being formed, pushed into the place provided for the thermal insulating element 7.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a building block type VI, where: 1 is a composite block; 2 channels; 3 and 4 - block element interconnection unit; 5 - Ducts for placement of reinforcing elements / reinforcements; 6 - fiber-filled concrete; 7 thermal insulation.

The axonometry of Fig. 12A shows a type VI building block with a cross-sectional view in Fig. 11, with coextruded thermal insulation (Fig. A) and without coextruded thermal insulation (Fig. B).

Fig. 13 is an axonometric view of a building block type VI, where: Figs. A, 10, 11 and 12 are depicted; Fig. 4 shows a separately formed thermal insulating element 7 for insertion into the block shown in Fig. 4; Fig. D shows a block with a thermal insulating element 7 inserted therein.

The axonometry of Fig. 14 shows a wall segment assembled from Type VI blocks, where 16 are channels for filling the concrete composition.

Fig.15 is a cross-sectional view of a building block type V2 which uses the same designations as Fig.11.

Fig. 16 is an axonometric cross-sectional view of a building block type V2, the cross-section of which is shown in Fig. 15, with co-extruded thermal insulation (Fig. A) and without co-extruded thermal insulation (Fig. B).

Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of two other building block types V3 and V4, which use the same designations as Fig.11.

Fig. 18 is an axonometric view of a building block type V3, the cross-section of which is shown in Fig. 17, with coextruded thermal insulation (Fig. A) and without co-extruded thermal insulation (Fig. B).

Fig. 19 is an axonometric representation of a building block type V3 without coextruded thermal insulation (Fig. A) and with coextruded thermal insulation (Fig. B), where 22, 23 and 26 are denoted by milling.

Fig. 20 shows the thermal insulation element shown in Fig.B. Fig. Shows assembled; to be filled with concrete mass.

(Fig. A), which is inserted into the bl wall segment, which) in the V3 element provided for the channels 5

Fig.21 shows two other embodiments of building block type V4 in Fig. 21, where Fig. A shows the recess for fixing the blocks in the vertical direction, the thermal insulation is obtained by coextrusion, and Fig. 34 and 35 represent the block end recesses for aligning the blocks horizontally, 37 and 38 are marked with slots for locking the blocks with sliding pins, as well as a specially marked projection at the end of the block for horizontal alignment of the blocks.

Fig. 22A, B and C show two segments of the wall made of the blocks shown in Fig.22B, whereby the cavities 16 are filled with concrete mass after assembly and 41 represent indentations on both sides of the block, 42 and 43 are sliding elements. for fixing blocks between corners of the building, slopes 44 and 45, and sliding blocks 46, 47 and 48 for cross-fixing blocks.

Fig. 23 is an axonometric diagrammatic representation of a method for installing slats formed from the blocks shown in Fig. 22B, where: 49 - Modified block V3 element; 50 - an extruded composite lining element with a recess 51 at its lateral edge and a projection 52 at its other lateral edge for interconnecting the elements; 7 - coextruded thermal insulation; A recess / channel 15 for inserting and filling a reinforcing metal grid 55 with a concrete mass 56 in the upper part of the element; 57 - the next element of the V3 block, which is laid after laying the slats; 58 - possible milling on the side edges of the block for better structural bonding to the wall part by pouring concrete mass into the slabs that will connect the slabs to the corresponding wall part.

Fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of a method of installing a partition wall, wherein: 59 a partition block narrower than the partition wall, with or without thermal insulation 7; 60 recesses for interlocking the blocks by means of retractable retaining elements 63 and 64.

Fig. 25 schematically illustrates various types of connection profiles for interlocking blocks 65 as well as for securing partition elements to the main wall, where: 66, 69, 70 and 72 - several types of block connection profiles; 67 - bulkhead; 68 - one type of connection profiles for the bulkhead and bulkheads; 71 - one type of profile of the interconnection between the bulkhead and bulkhead units; 73 - The location of the partition attachment outside the interconnection point of the main wall units.

Fig. 26 is an axonometric depiction of an extruded building block type V5 with milling in several embodiments (Figs. A, B and C), where: 74 is an extruded base block segment; 75 - block interconnection units; 76, 77 - Channels; 78, 79 and 80 - Multiple milling. Fig. D shows a general view of two building blocks facing each other and designed for interconnection.

Fig. 27 is an axonometric depiction of an extruded building block element with one (Fig. A and B) and two thermo-insulating elements 7 and two joints, where: 82 - cuts in the thermo-insulating element; 83 - Composite jointing parts made by injection molding.

Fig. 28 is an axonometric view of an extruded building block element with different side profile: Fig. A shows a block with one recess on each side; Fig. B shows a block with two recesses 85 and 86 (top and bottom) on one side; Fig. Shows a similar block as Fig. B with recesses 85, 86, 87 and 89 (top and bottom) on both sides; the said recesses are intended to be joined with corresponding profile projections on the side edges of other building blocks.

The axonometry of Fig. 29 shows some variants and sequence of assembly of the building block components. Fig. A shows a variant with two connecting parts, which are fixed in one plane above each other, where: 90 - connecting parts; 91 - Channels for fixing parts. Fig. B shows a variant with two connecting parts disposed in parallel planes, where 92 and 93 are channels for fixing the parts, whereby the connecting parts are fixed to the side parts, eg by ultrasonic welding. Fig. 4 shows the sequence of insertion of the thermal insulation elements 94 and 95 during the assembly of the building block components.

Fig. 30 is an axonometric depicting a partition assembly process with interconnecting elements thereof, wherein: 96 - interconnecting members of load-bearing wall units made by extrusion of a similar composite; 97, 98 - interconnecting members of load-bearing wall and partition made by extrusion of similar composite; 99 - Closure end member (variant 1); 99A - variant 2 of the part closing the partition wall, where the recess serves for insertion of the door opening; 100 - a partition block, which differs from the load-bearing block by reducing its total thickness by applying correspondingly shorter elements of the block side-wall mutual fixation; 101 - Modified bearing wall element, shortened length.

The axonometry of Fig. 31 shows a method of installing a lintel, in which, similar to Fig. 23, reinforcing elements are inserted into the cavity block cavities 54 and are reinforced with concrete 6, while 101 is a wall block element above the lintels.

The following equipment is required for the implementation of the proposed method:

- high performance plastic extruder with forming tools / fillers / extruded profile blocks for the required profile;

- a set of nozzles for forming a block of profile blocks, which is mounted on an extruder thread;

- coextruder, but not necessarily, with forming tools / fillers / extruding the required profile finishing layer, eg in addition to the thermoacoustic and / or thermal insulation layer directly on the surface of the profiled block formed on the first extruder to produce a wall composite panel with soundproofing and / or heat insulation , with co-extruded bedding starting material, eg foamed polyethylene, possible with small amounts of organic fiber additives;

- fabricated profile strip cooling equipment, eg water-filled tanks placed at the end of an extruder row, molded profile strip stripping and / or texturing equipment, but not necessarily when required to give the surface of the product the required texture after assembly ;

- a device for forming a strip of profiled block to separate it into individual blocks or panels of a certain length and, if necessary, a device for post-milling the obtained panels, eg in the longitudinal direction or, if necessary, for further processing.

For the manufacture of flooring, wall or ceiling panels to form a thermosetting organic fiber composition, for example, of flax or other textile fibers, or of wood-based polymeric binders of fine and organic or inorganic origin, the following additional raw materials are necessary but not required. Point 6):

- starch as an excipient intended to absorb moisture in organic fibers;

- dyes and plasticizers to give the composition and the finished product the necessary properties, eg coloring, so that they do not need to be painted after assembly.

Various known compositions of the starting material can be used to carry out the process, using the following fibers (see formulas 5 and 8):

- shredded paper in combination with polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE) 5 fibers - paper fibers - 50-60%, PP or PE - remainder;

- flax fiber length 40-80 mm in combination with polypropylene or polyethylene fiber / flax fiber 50-60%, PP or PE - rest /;

- hemp fibers 40-80 mm long in combination with polypropylene or polyethylene fibers / hemp fibers 50-60% PP or PE - rest /;

- sisal fibers of 40-80 mm length in combination with polypropylene or polyethylene fibers / sisal - 50-60%, PP or PE - rest /;

- jute fibers of 40-80 mm length in combination with polypropylene or polyethylene fibers / jute - 50-60%, PP or PE - rest;

Cotton or wool fibers and textile waste of a length of 30 to 80 mm 15 in combination with polypropylene or polyethylene fibers / wool and / or cotton - 5060%, PP or PE - rest.

Of particular note is the use of the following materials, the use of which for the above purposes is not yet known to the inventor:

- raw material composition selected from LoPreFin®, KenBoard® with foam inclusions, KenBoard® with air inclusions ;.

- comminuted textiles and / or comminuted natural fibers and / or woven fabrics combined with polypropylene or polyethylene fibers / textile fibers -50-60%, PP or PE - rest /

oat and rice straw 40-80 mm in combination with polypropylene or polyethylene fibers / straw - 50-60%, PP or PE - rest /;

- any of the abovementioned fibers in combination with fibers made from biodegradable and / or biodegradable polymers or monomers, the proportion of which ranges from 30 to 70% by weight of the total composition.

Formula of the Invention

Claims (10)

35 1. A method of manufacturing profiled composite blocks and panels, the term panel being understood to include pallets for product placement and wall, floor and / or ceiling finishing panels which, unlike known techniques for thermoforming complex spatial products, utilize various known compositions of polymeric materials and fibers. provides varied product design options with the desired ones 40, the spatial structure of the product, in which individual areas may be formed by voids filled with air or other material, such as concrete, reinforcement, concrete and reinforcement, foam polyurethane, is formed as one-piece product in a continuous stream with plastic extrusion technology combined with the resulting product split 45 operations on individual panels of a certain length and, if necessary, with the resulting.) Other post-assembly operations of the panels: post milling, grinding, etc. A method according to claim 1, wherein said structure or individual elements thereof is a multilayer composite block consisting of two or more different 50 layers - the substrate (surface layer of the base structure) and at least one finishing layer - with a distinct boundary between those which are coextruded by the panel forming process using multiparticulate interlocking fillets. The process according to claim 2, wherein the substrate is made in a one-step process from a thermoplastic fiber, e.g., polyethylene sulfonate (PES), polypropylene (PP), and natural fillers, such as flax and / or hemp, and / or pellets. , and / or cellulose fibers, but the outer finishing layer (s) is a form stable material with respect to ambient humidity and temperature changes made from PES, PP or vinyl polyethylene (VPE) fibers and may be smooth or embossed, e.g. , or the outer finishing layer (s) is a synthetic fabric layer with a textured surface made of a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), such as polyurethane elastomer (PU) or fiberglass reinforced plastic (GF), or PP + NF, or PP + GF. The method of claim 2 or 3, wherein said starting material composition is selected from the group consisting of LoPreFin®, KenBoard® with foam inclusions, KenBoard® with air inclusions. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, which makes it possible to fabricate lightweight, mold-resistant panels for wall, floor or ceiling finishes, wherein the extruded panel profile allows for heating at any time after assembly, such as also provides the ability to draw electrical wiring anywhere in the middle of the room, as well as securing screwless or nailless profiled panels to each other and eliminating the need for floor mounting aids. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the thermosetting organic fiber composition for the manufacture of floor, wall or ceiling panels, e.g., of flax or other textile fibers, or of fine wood fibers and polymeric binders of organic or inorganic origin, is additionally used but not obligatory raw materials: starch as an excipient, which is intended to absorb moisture in organic fibers; dyestuffs and plasticizers to give the composition and the finished product the required properties, such as hue, without the need for dyeing after assembly. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein any of a plurality of starting material compositions is used for forming said panel structure in said spatial structure: - shredded paper in combination with polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE) fibers - paper fibers - 50-60%, PP or PE - the rest; - flax fiber length 40-80 mm in combination with polypropylene or polyethylene fiber / flax fiber 50-60%, PP or PE - rest /; - hemp fibers 40-80 mm long in combination with polypropylene or polyethylene fibers / hemp fibers 50-60% PP or PE - rest /; - sisal fibers of 40-80 mm length in combination with polypropylene or polyethylene fibers / sisal - 50-60%, PP or PE - rest /; - jute fibers 40-80 mm in combination with polypropylene or polyethylene slow fibers / jute 50-60%, PP or PE- rest; - cotton or wool fibers and their texts 1 industrial residues 30-80 mm long combined with polypropylene or polyethylene fibers / wool and / or cotton - 50 60%, PP or PE - rest /; - comminuted textiles and / or comminuted natural textile fibers and / or fabrics combined with polypropylene or polyethylene fibers / textile fibers -50-60%, PP or PE - rest /; - oat and rice straw 40-80 mm in length in combination with polypropylene or 5 polyethylene fibers / straw - 50-60%, PP or PE - rest /; - any of the foregoing fibers in combination with fibers made from biodegradable and / or biodegradable polymers or monomers in which the proportion of fibers varies from 30% to 70% by weight of the total composition. 10th A method according to any one of the preceding claims for use in the process - high-yield plastic extruder with forming tools / fillers / extruded profile panels to produce the required profile; fitting to the extruder hook; coextruder, but not necessarily, with forming tools / fillers / 15 extruding the required profile finishing layer, eg in addition to the thermoacoustic and / or thermal insulation layer directly on the surface of the first extruder molded profile panel to produce a wall composite panel with soundproofing and / or heat insulation , for the coextrusion layer starting material, eg foamed polyethylene, possible with small amounts of organic fiber additives; 20 - Fabricated profile panel tape refrigeration equipment, eg water-filled tanks placed at the end of an extruder row, formed profile panel tape grinding and / or texturizing equipment, but not necessarily when required to add texture to the surface of the article without the need for sanding assembly; - a unit for stripping a profile panel strip to separate it 25 panels of defined length and, if necessary, a device for post-milling the resulting panels or, if necessary, further processing them. 9. Profiled composite blocks and panels obtained according to any one of the preceding claims, which enable them to be inserted into the ducts after installation of the blocks. 30 reinforcement and / or fill with concrete and / or make reinforcement for use as both wall, floor and / or ceiling slabs. 10. Use of profiled composite blocks and panels according to claim 9 for forming walls, floors and / or ceiling slabs during the assembly of blocks. 35 by bonding the self-locking elements formed during the block-forming process to their contact surface areas and, if necessary, using the reciprocal locking elements retractable in the composite block cuttings.